qemu-devel.nongnu.org archive mirror
 help / color / mirror / Atom feed
From: Jagannathan Raman <jag.raman@oracle.com>
To: qemu-devel@nongnu.org
Cc: elena.ufimtseva@oracle.com, fam@euphon.net,
	swapnil.ingle@nutanix.com, john.g.johnson@oracle.com,
	kraxel@redhat.com, jag.raman@oracle.com, quintela@redhat.com,
	mst@redhat.com, armbru@redhat.com, kanth.ghatraju@oracle.com,
	felipe@nutanix.com, thuth@redhat.com, ehabkost@redhat.com,
	konrad.wilk@oracle.com, dgilbert@redhat.com,
	alex.williamson@redhat.com, stefanha@redhat.com,
	thanos.makatos@nutanix.com, rth@twiddle.net, kwolf@redhat.com,
	berrange@redhat.com, mreitz@redhat.com,
	ross.lagerwall@citrix.com, marcandre.lureau@gmail.com,
	pbonzini@redhat.com
Subject: [PATCH v8 15/20] multi-process: create IOHUB object to handle irq
Date: Fri, 31 Jul 2020 14:20:22 -0400	[thread overview]
Message-ID: <afd894814f572d42167cee05bf7407c32482d6c1.1596217462.git.jag.raman@oracle.com> (raw)
In-Reply-To: <cover.1596217462.git.jag.raman@oracle.com>
In-Reply-To: <cover.1596217462.git.jag.raman@oracle.com>

IOHUB object is added to manage PCI IRQs. It uses KVM_IRQFD
ioctl to create irqfd to injecting PCI interrupts to the guest.
IOHUB object forwards the irqfd to the remote process. Remote process
uses this fd to directly send interrupts to the guest, bypassing QEMU.

Signed-off-by: John G Johnson <john.g.johnson@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: Jagannathan Raman <jag.raman@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: Elena Ufimtseva <elena.ufimtseva@oracle.com>
---
 MAINTAINERS               |   2 +
 hw/Makefile.objs          |   1 +
 hw/i386/remote-msg.c      |   4 ++
 hw/i386/remote.c          |  10 ++++
 hw/pci/proxy.c            |  58 ++++++++++++++++++++++
 hw/remote/Makefile.objs   |   1 +
 hw/remote/iohub.c         | 123 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 include/hw/i386/remote.h  |   3 ++
 include/hw/pci/pci_ids.h  |   3 ++
 include/hw/pci/proxy.h    |   5 ++
 include/hw/remote/iohub.h |  42 ++++++++++++++++
 include/io/mpqemu-link.h  |   1 +
 io/mpqemu-link.c          |   5 ++
 13 files changed, 258 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 hw/remote/Makefile.objs
 create mode 100644 hw/remote/iohub.c
 create mode 100644 include/hw/remote/iohub.h

diff --git a/MAINTAINERS b/MAINTAINERS
index bd4f4ec..e75d010 100644
--- a/MAINTAINERS
+++ b/MAINTAINERS
@@ -3055,6 +3055,8 @@ F: hw/pci/proxy.c
 F: include/hw/pci/proxy.h
 F: hw/pci/memory-sync.c
 F: include/hw/pci/memory-sync.h
+F: hw/remote/iohub.c
+F: include/hw/remote/iohub.h
 
 Build and test automation
 -------------------------
diff --git a/hw/Makefile.objs b/hw/Makefile.objs
index 14b7ea4..4b2fa39 100644
--- a/hw/Makefile.objs
+++ b/hw/Makefile.objs
@@ -40,6 +40,7 @@ devices-dirs-$(CONFIG_MEM_DEVICE) += mem/
 devices-dirs-$(CONFIG_NUBUS) += nubus/
 devices-dirs-y += semihosting/
 devices-dirs-y += smbios/
+devices-dirs-y += remote/
 endif
 
 common-obj-y += $(devices-dirs-y)
diff --git a/hw/i386/remote-msg.c b/hw/i386/remote-msg.c
index 584498d..756b710 100644
--- a/hw/i386/remote-msg.c
+++ b/hw/i386/remote-msg.c
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@
 #include "hw/pci/pci.h"
 #include "exec/memattrs.h"
 #include "hw/i386/remote-memory.h"
+#include "hw/remote/iohub.h"
 
 static void process_config_write(QIOChannel *ioc, PCIDevice *dev,
                                  MPQemuMsg *msg);
@@ -71,6 +72,9 @@ gboolean mpqemu_process_msg(QIOChannel *ioc, GIOCondition cond,
     case SYNC_SYSMEM:
         remote_sysmem_reconfig(&msg, &local_err);
         break;
+    case SET_IRQFD:
+        process_set_irqfd_msg(pci_dev, &msg);
+        break;
     default:
         error_setg(&local_err,
                    "Unknown command (%d) received for device %s (pid=%d)",
diff --git a/hw/i386/remote.c b/hw/i386/remote.c
index a67be33..d4b5e33 100644
--- a/hw/i386/remote.c
+++ b/hw/i386/remote.c
@@ -20,12 +20,15 @@
 #include "exec/address-spaces.h"
 #include "exec/memory.h"
 #include "qapi/error.h"
+#include "hw/pci/pci_host.h"
+#include "hw/remote/iohub.h"
 
 static void remote_machine_init(MachineState *machine)
 {
     MemoryRegion *system_memory, *system_io, *pci_memory;
     RemoteMachineState *s = REMOTE_MACHINE(machine);
     RemotePCIHost *rem_host;
+    PCIHostState *pci_host;
 
     system_memory = get_system_memory();
     system_io = get_system_io();
@@ -45,6 +48,13 @@ static void remote_machine_init(MachineState *machine)
     memory_region_add_subregion_overlap(system_memory, 0x0, pci_memory, -1);
 
     qdev_realize(DEVICE(rem_host), sysbus_get_default(), &error_fatal);
+
+    pci_host = PCI_HOST_BRIDGE(rem_host);
+
+    remote_iohub_init(&s->iohub);
+
+    pci_bus_irqs(pci_host->bus, remote_iohub_set_irq, remote_iohub_map_irq,
+                 &s->iohub, REMOTE_IOHUB_NB_PIRQS);
 }
 
 static void remote_machine_class_init(ObjectClass *oc, void *data)
diff --git a/hw/pci/proxy.c b/hw/pci/proxy.c
index 28b8c76..1c1b682 100644
--- a/hw/pci/proxy.c
+++ b/hw/pci/proxy.c
@@ -19,6 +19,9 @@
 #include "qemu/error-report.h"
 #include "hw/pci/memory-sync.h"
 #include "qom/object.h"
+#include "qemu/event_notifier.h"
+#include "sysemu/kvm.h"
+#include "util/event_notifier-posix.c"
 
 static void proxy_set_socket(PCIProxyDev *pdev, int fd, Error **errp)
 {
@@ -30,6 +33,56 @@ static Property proxy_properties[] = {
     DEFINE_PROP_END_OF_LIST(),
 };
 
+static void proxy_intx_update(PCIDevice *pci_dev)
+{
+    PCIProxyDev *dev = PCI_PROXY_DEV(pci_dev);
+    PCIINTxRoute route;
+    int pin = pci_get_byte(pci_dev->config + PCI_INTERRUPT_PIN) - 1;
+
+    if (dev->virq != -1) {
+        kvm_irqchip_remove_irqfd_notifier_gsi(kvm_state, &dev->intr, dev->virq);
+        dev->virq = -1;
+    }
+
+    route = pci_device_route_intx_to_irq(pci_dev, pin);
+
+    dev->virq = route.irq;
+
+    if (dev->virq != -1) {
+        kvm_irqchip_add_irqfd_notifier_gsi(kvm_state, &dev->intr,
+                                           &dev->resample, dev->virq);
+    }
+}
+
+static void setup_irqfd(PCIProxyDev *dev)
+{
+    PCIDevice *pci_dev = PCI_DEVICE(dev);
+    MPQemuMsg msg;
+    Error *local_err = NULL;
+
+    event_notifier_init(&dev->intr, 0);
+    event_notifier_init(&dev->resample, 0);
+
+    memset(&msg, 0, sizeof(MPQemuMsg));
+    msg.cmd = SET_IRQFD;
+    msg.num_fds = 2;
+    msg.fds[0] = event_notifier_get_fd(&dev->intr);
+    msg.fds[1] = event_notifier_get_fd(&dev->resample);
+    msg.size = 0;
+
+    mpqemu_msg_send(&msg, dev->ioc, &local_err);
+    if (local_err) {
+        error_report("Error to send cmd to remote process %d",
+                     msg.cmd);
+    }
+
+    dev->virq = -1;
+
+    proxy_intx_update(pci_dev);
+
+    pci_device_set_intx_routing_notifier(pci_dev, proxy_intx_update);
+}
+
 static void pci_proxy_dev_realize(PCIDevice *device, Error **errp)
 {
     PCIProxyDev *dev = PCI_PROXY_DEV(device);
@@ -48,6 +101,8 @@ static void pci_proxy_dev_realize(PCIDevice *device, Error **errp)
     }
 
     configure_memory_sync(&dev->sync, dev->ioc);
+
+    setup_irqfd(dev);
 }
 
 static void pci_proxy_dev_exit(PCIDevice *pdev)
@@ -57,6 +112,9 @@ static void pci_proxy_dev_exit(PCIDevice *pdev)
     qio_channel_close(dev->ioc, NULL);
 
     deconfigure_memory_sync(&dev->sync);
+
+    event_notifier_cleanup(&dev->intr);
+    event_notifier_cleanup(&dev->resample);
 }
 
 static int config_op_send(PCIProxyDev *pdev, uint32_t addr, uint32_t *val,
diff --git a/hw/remote/Makefile.objs b/hw/remote/Makefile.objs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..635ce5e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/hw/remote/Makefile.objs
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+common-obj-$(CONFIG_MPQEMU) += iohub.o
diff --git a/hw/remote/iohub.c b/hw/remote/iohub.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..751e6d8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/hw/remote/iohub.c
@@ -0,0 +1,123 @@
+/*
+ * Remote IO Hub
+ *
+ * Copyright © 2018, 2020 Oracle and/or its affiliates.
+ *
+ * This work is licensed under the terms of the GNU GPL, version 2 or later.
+ * See the COPYING file in the top-level directory.
+ *
+ */
+
+#include "qemu/osdep.h"
+#include "qemu-common.h"
+
+#include "hw/pci/pci.h"
+#include "hw/pci/pci_ids.h"
+#include "hw/pci/pci_bus.h"
+#include "hw/remote/iohub.h"
+#include "qemu/thread.h"
+#include "hw/boards.h"
+#include "hw/i386/remote.h"
+#include "qemu/main-loop.h"
+
+void remote_iohub_init(RemoteIOHubState *iohub)
+{
+    int pirq;
+
+    memset(&iohub->irqfds, 0, sizeof(iohub->irqfds));
+    memset(&iohub->resamplefds, 0, sizeof(iohub->resamplefds));
+
+    for (pirq = 0; pirq < REMOTE_IOHUB_NB_PIRQS; pirq++) {
+        qemu_mutex_init(&iohub->irq_level_lock[pirq]);
+        iohub->irq_level[pirq] = 0;
+        event_notifier_init_fd(&iohub->irqfds[pirq], -1);
+        event_notifier_init_fd(&iohub->resamplefds[pirq], -1);
+    }
+}
+
+void remote_iohub_finalize(RemoteIOHubState *iohub)
+{
+    int pirq;
+
+    for (pirq = 0; pirq < REMOTE_IOHUB_NB_PIRQS; pirq++) {
+        qemu_set_fd_handler(event_notifier_get_fd(&iohub->resamplefds[pirq]),
+                            NULL, NULL, NULL);
+        event_notifier_cleanup(&iohub->irqfds[pirq]);
+        event_notifier_cleanup(&iohub->resamplefds[pirq]);
+        qemu_mutex_destroy(&iohub->irq_level_lock[pirq]);
+    }
+}
+
+int remote_iohub_map_irq(PCIDevice *pci_dev, int intx)
+{
+    return pci_dev->devfn;
+}
+
+void remote_iohub_set_irq(void *opaque, int pirq, int level)
+{
+    RemoteIOHubState *iohub = opaque;
+
+    assert(pirq >= 0);
+    assert(pirq < PCI_DEVFN_MAX);
+
+    qemu_mutex_lock(&iohub->irq_level_lock[pirq]);
+
+    if (level) {
+        if (++iohub->irq_level[pirq] == 1) {
+            event_notifier_set(&iohub->irqfds[pirq]);
+        }
+    } else if (iohub->irq_level[pirq] > 0) {
+        iohub->irq_level[pirq]--;
+    }
+
+    qemu_mutex_unlock(&iohub->irq_level_lock[pirq]);
+}
+
+static void intr_resample_handler(void *opaque)
+{
+    ResampleToken *token = opaque;
+    RemoteIOHubState *iohub = token->iohub;
+    int pirq, s;
+
+    pirq = token->pirq;
+
+    s = event_notifier_test_and_clear(&iohub->resamplefds[pirq]);
+
+    assert(s >= 0);
+
+    qemu_mutex_lock(&iohub->irq_level_lock[pirq]);
+
+    if (iohub->irq_level[pirq]) {
+        event_notifier_set(&iohub->irqfds[pirq]);
+    }
+
+    qemu_mutex_unlock(&iohub->irq_level_lock[pirq]);
+}
+
+void process_set_irqfd_msg(PCIDevice *pci_dev, MPQemuMsg *msg)
+{
+    RemoteMachineState *machine = REMOTE_MACHINE(current_machine);
+    RemoteIOHubState *iohub = &machine->iohub;
+    int pirq, intx;
+
+    intx = pci_get_byte(pci_dev->config + PCI_INTERRUPT_PIN) - 1;
+
+    pirq = remote_iohub_map_irq(pci_dev, intx);
+
+    if (event_notifier_get_fd(&iohub->irqfds[pirq]) != -1) {
+        qemu_set_fd_handler(event_notifier_get_fd(&iohub->resamplefds[pirq]),
+                            NULL, NULL, NULL);
+        event_notifier_cleanup(&iohub->irqfds[pirq]);
+        event_notifier_cleanup(&iohub->resamplefds[pirq]);
+        memset(&iohub->token[pirq], 0, sizeof(ResampleToken));
+    }
+
+    event_notifier_init_fd(&iohub->irqfds[pirq], msg->fds[0]);
+    event_notifier_init_fd(&iohub->resamplefds[pirq], msg->fds[1]);
+
+    iohub->token[pirq].iohub = iohub;
+    iohub->token[pirq].pirq = pirq;
+
+    qemu_set_fd_handler(msg->fds[1], intr_resample_handler, NULL,
+                        &iohub->token[pirq]);
+}
diff --git a/include/hw/i386/remote.h b/include/hw/i386/remote.h
index 7f9028f..01deccd 100644
--- a/include/hw/i386/remote.h
+++ b/include/hw/i386/remote.h
@@ -15,11 +15,14 @@
 #include "hw/boards.h"
 #include "hw/pci-host/remote.h"
 #include "io/channel.h"
+#include "hw/remote/iohub.h"
 
 typedef struct RemoteMachineState {
     MachineState parent_obj;
 
     RemotePCIHost *host;
+
+    RemoteIOHubState iohub;
 } RemoteMachineState;
 
 #define TYPE_REMOTE_MACHINE "remote-machine"
diff --git a/include/hw/pci/pci_ids.h b/include/hw/pci/pci_ids.h
index 11f8ab7..bd0c17d 100644
--- a/include/hw/pci/pci_ids.h
+++ b/include/hw/pci/pci_ids.h
@@ -192,6 +192,9 @@
 #define PCI_DEVICE_ID_SUN_SIMBA          0x5000
 #define PCI_DEVICE_ID_SUN_SABRE          0xa000
 
+#define PCI_VENDOR_ID_ORACLE             0x108e
+#define PCI_DEVICE_ID_REMOTE_IOHUB       0xb000
+
 #define PCI_VENDOR_ID_CMD                0x1095
 #define PCI_DEVICE_ID_CMD_646            0x0646
 
diff --git a/include/hw/pci/proxy.h b/include/hw/pci/proxy.h
index 3ff79f4..15cc381 100644
--- a/include/hw/pci/proxy.h
+++ b/include/hw/pci/proxy.h
@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@
 #include "hw/pci/pci.h"
 #include "io/channel.h"
 #include "hw/pci/memory-sync.h"
+#include "qemu/event_notifier.h"
 
 #define TYPE_PCI_PROXY_DEV "pci-proxy-dev"
 
@@ -35,6 +36,10 @@ struct PCIProxyDev {
 
     RemoteMemSync sync;
 
+    int virq;
+    EventNotifier intr;
+    EventNotifier resample;
+
     ProxyMemoryRegion region[PCI_NUM_REGIONS];
 };
 
diff --git a/include/hw/remote/iohub.h b/include/hw/remote/iohub.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..cd59476
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/hw/remote/iohub.h
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+/*
+ * IO Hub for remote device
+ *
+ * Copyright © 2018, 2020 Oracle and/or its affiliates.
+ *
+ * This work is licensed under the terms of the GNU GPL, version 2 or later.
+ * See the COPYING file in the top-level directory.
+ *
+ */
+
+#ifndef REMOTE_IOHUB_H
+#define REMOTE_IOHUB_H
+
+#include "hw/pci/pci.h"
+#include "qemu/event_notifier.h"
+#include "qemu/thread-posix.h"
+#include "io/mpqemu-link.h"
+
+#define REMOTE_IOHUB_NB_PIRQS    PCI_DEVFN_MAX
+
+typedef struct ResampleToken {
+    void *iohub;
+    int pirq;
+} ResampleToken;
+
+typedef struct RemoteIOHubState {
+    PCIDevice d;
+    EventNotifier irqfds[REMOTE_IOHUB_NB_PIRQS];
+    EventNotifier resamplefds[REMOTE_IOHUB_NB_PIRQS];
+    unsigned int irq_level[REMOTE_IOHUB_NB_PIRQS];
+    ResampleToken token[REMOTE_IOHUB_NB_PIRQS];
+    QemuMutex irq_level_lock[REMOTE_IOHUB_NB_PIRQS];
+} RemoteIOHubState;
+
+int remote_iohub_map_irq(PCIDevice *pci_dev, int intx);
+void remote_iohub_set_irq(void *opaque, int pirq, int level);
+void process_set_irqfd_msg(PCIDevice *pci_dev, MPQemuMsg *msg);
+
+void remote_iohub_init(RemoteIOHubState *iohub);
+void remote_iohub_finalize(RemoteIOHubState *iohub);
+
+#endif
diff --git a/include/io/mpqemu-link.h b/include/io/mpqemu-link.h
index ee3b44f..6625de6 100644
--- a/include/io/mpqemu-link.h
+++ b/include/io/mpqemu-link.h
@@ -38,6 +38,7 @@ typedef enum {
     PCI_CONFIG_READ,
     BAR_WRITE,
     BAR_READ,
+    SET_IRQFD,
     MAX = INT_MAX,
 } MPQemuCmd;
 
diff --git a/io/mpqemu-link.c b/io/mpqemu-link.c
index 82b8465..6fa4665 100644
--- a/io/mpqemu-link.c
+++ b/io/mpqemu-link.c
@@ -275,6 +275,11 @@ bool mpqemu_msg_valid(MPQemuMsg *msg)
             return false;
         }
         break;
+    case SET_IRQFD:
+        if (msg->size || (msg->num_fds != 2)) {
+            return false;
+        }
+        break;
     default:
         break;
     }
-- 
1.8.3.1



  parent reply	other threads:[~2020-07-31 18:31 UTC|newest]

Thread overview: 32+ messages / expand[flat|nested]  mbox.gz  Atom feed  top
2020-07-31 18:20 [PATCH v8 00/20] Initial support for multi-process qemu Jagannathan Raman
2020-07-31 18:20 ` [PATCH v8 01/20] memory: alloc RAM from file at offset Jagannathan Raman
2020-07-31 18:20 ` [PATCH v8 02/20] multi-process: Add config option for multi-process QEMU Jagannathan Raman
2020-07-31 18:20 ` [PATCH v8 03/20] multi-process: setup PCI host bridge for remote device Jagannathan Raman
2020-08-04 10:47   ` Stefan Hajnoczi
2020-07-31 18:20 ` [PATCH v8 04/20] multi-process: setup a machine object for remote device process Jagannathan Raman
2020-07-31 18:20 ` [PATCH v8 05/20] multi-process: add qio channel function to transmit Jagannathan Raman
2020-07-31 18:20 ` [PATCH v8 06/20] multi-process: define MPQemuMsg format and transmission functions Jagannathan Raman
2020-08-04 12:49   ` Stefan Hajnoczi
2020-07-31 18:20 ` [PATCH v8 07/20] multi-process: add co-routines to communicate with remote Jagannathan Raman
2020-08-10 16:02   ` Stefan Hajnoczi
2020-07-31 18:20 ` [PATCH v8 08/20] multi-process: Initialize message handler in remote device Jagannathan Raman
2020-08-04 12:58   ` Stefan Hajnoczi
2020-07-31 18:20 ` [PATCH v8 09/20] multi-process: Associate fd of a PCIDevice with its object Jagannathan Raman
2020-08-07 16:02   ` Stefan Hajnoczi
2020-07-31 18:20 ` [PATCH v8 10/20] multi-process: setup memory manager for remote device Jagannathan Raman
2020-08-10 15:27   ` Stefan Hajnoczi
2020-07-31 18:20 ` [PATCH v8 11/20] multi-process: introduce proxy object Jagannathan Raman
2020-07-31 18:20 ` [PATCH v8 12/20] multi-process: Forward PCI config space acceses to the remote process Jagannathan Raman
2020-07-31 18:20 ` [PATCH v8 13/20] multi-process: PCI BAR read/write handling for proxy & remote endpoints Jagannathan Raman
2020-08-11 14:04   ` Stefan Hajnoczi
2020-07-31 18:20 ` [PATCH v8 14/20] multi-process: Synchronize remote memory Jagannathan Raman
2020-07-31 18:20 ` Jagannathan Raman [this message]
2020-07-31 18:20 ` [PATCH v8 16/20] multi-process: Retrieve PCI info from remote process Jagannathan Raman
2020-07-31 18:20 ` [PATCH v8 17/20] multi-process: heartbeat messages to remote Jagannathan Raman
2020-08-11 14:41   ` Stefan Hajnoczi
2020-08-14 23:01     ` Elena Ufimtseva
2020-08-19  8:00       ` Stefan Hajnoczi
2020-07-31 18:20 ` [PATCH v8 18/20] multi-process: perform device reset in the remote process Jagannathan Raman
2020-07-31 18:20 ` [PATCH v8 19/20] multi-process: add the concept description to docs/devel/qemu-multiprocess Jagannathan Raman
2020-07-31 18:20 ` [PATCH v8 20/20] multi-process: add configure and usage information Jagannathan Raman
2020-08-11 14:56 ` [PATCH v8 00/20] Initial support for multi-process qemu Stefan Hajnoczi

Reply instructions:

You may reply publicly to this message via plain-text email
using any one of the following methods:

* Save the following mbox file, import it into your mail client,
  and reply-to-all from there: mbox

  Avoid top-posting and favor interleaved quoting:
  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Posting_style#Interleaved_style

* Reply using the --to, --cc, and --in-reply-to
  switches of git-send-email(1):

  git send-email \
    --in-reply-to=afd894814f572d42167cee05bf7407c32482d6c1.1596217462.git.jag.raman@oracle.com \
    --to=jag.raman@oracle.com \
    --cc=alex.williamson@redhat.com \
    --cc=armbru@redhat.com \
    --cc=berrange@redhat.com \
    --cc=dgilbert@redhat.com \
    --cc=ehabkost@redhat.com \
    --cc=elena.ufimtseva@oracle.com \
    --cc=fam@euphon.net \
    --cc=felipe@nutanix.com \
    --cc=john.g.johnson@oracle.com \
    --cc=kanth.ghatraju@oracle.com \
    --cc=konrad.wilk@oracle.com \
    --cc=kraxel@redhat.com \
    --cc=kwolf@redhat.com \
    --cc=marcandre.lureau@gmail.com \
    --cc=mreitz@redhat.com \
    --cc=mst@redhat.com \
    --cc=pbonzini@redhat.com \
    --cc=qemu-devel@nongnu.org \
    --cc=quintela@redhat.com \
    --cc=ross.lagerwall@citrix.com \
    --cc=rth@twiddle.net \
    --cc=stefanha@redhat.com \
    --cc=swapnil.ingle@nutanix.com \
    --cc=thanos.makatos@nutanix.com \
    --cc=thuth@redhat.com \
    /path/to/YOUR_REPLY

  https://kernel.org/pub/software/scm/git/docs/git-send-email.html

* If your mail client supports setting the In-Reply-To header
  via mailto: links, try the mailto: link
Be sure your reply has a Subject: header at the top and a blank line before the message body.
This is a public inbox, see mirroring instructions
for how to clone and mirror all data and code used for this inbox;
as well as URLs for NNTP newsgroup(s).