Re: [PATCH v3 04/12] mm/filemap: Add mapping_seek_hole_data

From: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
To: Matthew Wilcox <willy@infradead.org>
Cc: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>,
	linux-mm@kvack.org, linux-fsdevel@vger.kernel.org,
	Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>,
	Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>,
	Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>,
	Yang Shi <yang.shi@linux.alibaba.com>,
	Dave Chinner <dchinner@redhat.com>,
	linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org,
	William Kucharski <william.kucharski@oracle.com>
Subject: Re: [PATCH v3 04/12] mm/filemap: Add mapping_seek_hole_data
Date: Mon, 26 Oct 2020 15:49:37 +0100	[thread overview]
Message-ID: <20201026144937.GE28769@quack2.suse.cz> (raw)
In-Reply-To: <20201026121727.GO20115@casper.infradead.org>

On Mon 26-10-20 12:17:27, Matthew Wilcox wrote:
> On Mon, Oct 26, 2020 at 11:48:06AM +0100, Jan Kara wrote:
> > > +static inline loff_t page_seek_hole_data(struct page *page,
> > > +		loff_t start, loff_t end, bool seek_data)
> > > +{
> > > +	if (xa_is_value(page) || PageUptodate(page))
> > 
> > Please add a comment here that this is currently tmpfs specific treating
> > exceptional entries as swapped out pages and thus data. It took me quite a
> > while to figure this out. You can remove the comment later when it is no
> > longer true...
> 
> But it's not tmpfs specific.  If the value entry is a DAX entry, there's
> data here, and if the value entry is a shadow entry, there's data here
> too.  Not that it should be called for either of those cases because the
> filesystem should know, but a value entry always means there's data here.

Good point but for shadow entries I'm not convinced - we do have page cache
pages instantiated by reads from holes. When they get evicted, we have a
shadow entry there but it is still a hole. Actually, similarly we can have
zeroed page over an unwritten extent and that should still count as a hole
IMO.  Only once the page becomes dirty, it should be treated as data. This
looks like a bug even in the current page_seek_hole_data() helper:

# fallocate -l 4096 testfile
# xfs_io -x -c "seek -h 0" testfile
Whence	Result
HOLE	0
# dd if=testfile bs=4096 count=1 of=/dev/null
# xfs_io -x -c "seek -h 0" testfile
Whence	Result
HOLE	4096

Which is indeed a bit weird result... But we seem to be pretty consistent
in this behavior for quite some time. I'll send an email to fs folks about
this.

> > > +		return seek_data ? start : end;
> > > +	return seek_data ? end : start;
> > > +}
> > > +
> > > +static inline
> > > +unsigned int seek_page_size(struct xa_state *xas, struct page *page)
> > > +{
> > > +	if (xa_is_value(page))
> > > +		return PAGE_SIZE << xa_get_order(xas->xa, xas->xa_index);
> > > +	return thp_size(page);
> > > +}
> > > +
> > > +/**
> > > + * mapping_seek_hole_data - Seek for SEEK_DATA / SEEK_HOLE in the page cache.
> > > + * @mapping: Address space to search.
> > > + * @start: First byte to consider.
> > > + * @end: Limit of search (exclusive).
> > > + * @whence: Either SEEK_HOLE or SEEK_DATA.
> > > + *
> > > + * If the page cache knows which blocks contain holes and which blocks
> > > + * contain data, your filesystem can use this function to implement
> > > + * SEEK_HOLE and SEEK_DATA.  This is useful for filesystems which are
> > > + * entirely memory-based such as tmpfs, and filesystems which support
> > > + * unwritten extents.
> > > + *
> > > + * Return: The requested offset on successs, or -ENXIO if @whence specifies
> > > + * SEEK_DATA and there is no data after @start.  There is an implicit hole
> > > + * after @end - 1, so SEEK_HOLE returns @end if all the bytes between @start
> > > + * and @end contain data.
> > > + */
> > > +loff_t mapping_seek_hole_data(struct address_space *mapping, loff_t start,
> > > +		loff_t end, int whence)
> > > +{
> > > +	XA_STATE(xas, &mapping->i_pages, start >> PAGE_SHIFT);
> > > +	pgoff_t max = (end - 1) / PAGE_SIZE;
> > > +	bool seek_data = (whence == SEEK_DATA);
> > > +	struct page *page;
> > > +
> > > +	if (end <= start)
> > > +		return -ENXIO;
> > > +
> > > +	rcu_read_lock();
> > > +	while ((page = xas_find_get_entry(&xas, max, XA_PRESENT))) {
> > > +		loff_t pos = xas.xa_index * PAGE_SIZE;
> > > +
> > > +		if (start < pos) {
> > > +			if (!seek_data)
> > > +				goto unlock;
> > > +			start = pos;
> > > +		}
> > > +
> > > +		pos += seek_page_size(&xas, page);
> > > +		start = page_seek_hole_data(page, start, pos, seek_data);
> > > +		if (start < pos)
> > > +			goto unlock;
> > 
> > Uh, I was staring at this function for half an hour but I still couldn't
> > convince myself that it is correct in all the corner cases. Maybe I'm dumb
> > but I'd wish this was more intuitive (and I have to say that the original
> > tmpfs function is much more obviously correct to me). It would more 
> > understandable for me if we had a code like:
> > 
> > 		if (page_seek_match(page, seek_data))
> > 			goto unlock;
> > 
> > which would be just the condition in page_seek_hole_data(). Honestly at the
> > moment I fail to see why you bother with 'pos' in the above four lines at
> > all.
> 
> So this?
> 
> static bool page_seek_match(struct page *page, bool seek_data)
> {
> 	/* Swap, shadow & DAX entries all represent data */
> 	if (xa_is_value(page) || PageUptodate(page))
> 		return seek_data;
> 	return !seek_data;
> }
> 
> ...
> 
> 		if (page_seek_match(page, seek_data))
> 			goto unlock;
> 		start = pos + seek_page_size(&xas, page);
> 
> The function makes more sense when page_seek_hole_data() gains the
> ability to look at sub-page uptodate status and it needs to return
> where in the page the data (or hole) starts.  But that can be delayed
> for the later patch.

Yeah, this looks much more comprehensible for me. Thanks!

> With those changes,
> 
> Ran: generic/285 generic/286 generic/436 generic/445 generic/448 generic/490 generic/539
> Passed all 7 tests
> 
> > BTW I suspect that this loop forgets to release the page reference it has got
> > when doing SEEK_HOLE.
> 
> You're right.  I need a put_page() at the end of the loop.  Also true
> for the case where we find a !Uptodate page when doing SEEK_DATA.

Right.

								Honza
-- 
Jan Kara <jack@suse.com>
SUSE Labs, CR