From mboxrd@z Thu Jan 1 00:00:00 1970 Return-Path: X-Spam-Checker-Version: SpamAssassin 3.4.0 (2014-02-07) on aws-us-west-2-korg-lkml-1.web.codeaurora.org X-Spam-Level: X-Spam-Status: No, score=-16.8 required=3.0 tests=BAYES_00, HEADER_FROM_DIFFERENT_DOMAINS,INCLUDES_CR_TRAILER,INCLUDES_PATCH, MAILING_LIST_MULTI,SPF_HELO_NONE,SPF_PASS,URIBL_BLOCKED,USER_AGENT_GIT autolearn=ham autolearn_force=no version=3.4.0 Received: from mail.kernel.org (mail.kernel.org [198.145.29.99]) by smtp.lore.kernel.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 81999C433ED for ; Mon, 19 Apr 2021 13:11:13 +0000 (UTC) Received: from vger.kernel.org (vger.kernel.org [23.128.96.18]) by mail.kernel.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 5672A613C7 for ; Mon, 19 Apr 2021 13:11:13 +0000 (UTC) Received: (majordomo@vger.kernel.org) by vger.kernel.org via listexpand id S239898AbhDSNLj (ORCPT ); Mon, 19 Apr 2021 09:11:39 -0400 Received: from mail.loongson.cn ([114.242.206.163]:56074 "EHLO loongson.cn" rhost-flags-OK-OK-OK-FAIL) by vger.kernel.org with ESMTP id S239744AbhDSNKt (ORCPT ); Mon, 19 Apr 2021 09:10:49 -0400 Received: from localhost.localdomain (unknown [223.106.57.161]) by mail.loongson.cn (Coremail) with SMTP id AQAAf9Dxv8sygX1gkW0KAA--.17317S4; Mon, 19 Apr 2021 21:10:14 +0800 (CST) From: Yanteng Si To: corbet@lwn.net Cc: Yanteng Si , alexs@kernel.org, chenhuacai@kernel.org, jiaxun.yang@flygoat.com, linux-doc@vger.kernel.org, realpuyuwang@gmail.com, bobwxc@email.cn, siyanteng01@gmail.com Subject: [PATCH 2/3] docs/zh_CN: add core-api printk-basics.rst translation Date: Mon, 19 Apr 2021 21:10:56 +0800 Message-Id: <00c5a51380b32c894f7851015d079c1e2a5e9220.1618836460.git.siyanteng@loongson.cn> X-Mailer: git-send-email 2.27.0 In-Reply-To: References: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit X-CM-TRANSID: AQAAf9Dxv8sygX1gkW0KAA--.17317S4 X-Coremail-Antispam: 1UD129KBjvJXoW3Wry7Gr45Gr13Wr4DuF1xZrb_yoW7tw48pr n3JryxJF4UJry5Zr45JryDJr1UJr18A3WUK3Wvyry8XF1UAr4UJw4UJry8JryUGryUAw1U JF1DJryUJr10yrUanT9S1TB71UUUUUUqnTZGkaVYY2UrUUUUjbIjqfuFe4nvWSU5nxnvy2 9KBjDU0xBIdaVrnRJUUU9v14x267AKxVWrJVCq3wAFc2x0x2IEx4CE42xK8VAvwI8IcIk0 rVWrJVCq3wAFIxvE14AKwVWUJVWUGwA2048vs2IY020E87I2jVAFwI0_Jryl82xGYIkIc2 x26xkF7I0E14v26r4j6ryUM28lY4IEw2IIxxk0rwA2F7IY1VAKz4vEj48ve4kI8wA2z4x0 Y4vE2Ix0cI8IcVAFwI0_Gr0_Xr1l84ACjcxK6xIIjxv20xvEc7CjxVAFwI0_Cr0_Gr1UM2 8EF7xvwVC2z280aVAFwI0_GcCE3s1l84ACjcxK6I8E87Iv6xkF7I0E14v26rxl6s0DM2AI xVAIcxkEcVAq07x20xvEncxIr21l5I8CrVACY4xI64kE6c02F40Ex7xfMcIj6xIIjxv20x vE14v26r1j6r18McIj6I8E87Iv67AKxVWUJVW8JwAm72CE4IkC6x0Yz7v_Jr0_Gr1lF7xv r2IYc2Ij64vIr41lF7I21c0EjII2zVCS5cI20VAGYxC7MxAIw28IcxkI7VAKI48JMxC20s 026xCaFVCjc4AY6r1j6r4UMI8I3I0E5I8CrVAFwI0_Jr0_Jr4lx2IqxVCjr7xvwVAFwI0_ JrI_JrWlx4CE17CEb7AF67AKxVWUtVW8ZwCIc40Y0x0EwIxGrwCI42IY6xIIjxv20xvE14 v26r1j6r1xMIIF0xvE2Ix0cI8IcVCY1x0267AKxVW8JVWxJwCI42IY6xAIw20EY4v20xva j40_Jr0_JF4lIxAIcVC2z280aVAFwI0_Jr0_Gr1lIxAIcVC2z280aVCY1x0267AKxVW8JV W8JrUvcSsGvfC2KfnxnUUI43ZEXa7VUjYiiDUUUUU== X-CM-SenderInfo: pvl1t0pwhqwqxorr0wxvrqhubq/ Precedence: bulk List-ID: X-Mailing-List: linux-doc@vger.kernel.org This patch translates Documentation/core-api/printk-basics.rst into Chinese. Signed-off-by: Yanteng Si --- .../zh_CN/core-api/printk-basics.rst | 118 ++++++++++++++++++ 1 file changed, 118 insertions(+) create mode 100644 Documentation/translations/zh_CN/core-api/printk-basics.rst diff --git a/Documentation/translations/zh_CN/core-api/printk-basics.rst b/Documentation/translations/zh_CN/core-api/printk-basics.rst new file mode 100644 index 000000000000..056ca88604b2 --- /dev/null +++ b/Documentation/translations/zh_CN/core-api/printk-basics.rst @@ -0,0 +1,118 @@ +.. SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 +.. include:: ../disclaimer-zh_CN.rst + +:Original: :doc:`../../../core-api/printk-basics` +:Translator: Yanteng Si + +.. _cn_printk-basics.rst: + + +================== +使用printk记录信息 +================== + +printk()是Linux内核中最广为人知的函数之一。它是我们打印信息的标准工具，通常也是追踪和调试 +的最基本方法。如果你熟悉printf(3)，你就能够知道printk()是基于它的，尽管它在功能上有一些不 +同之处。: + + - printk() 信息可以指定日志级别。 + + - 格式字符串虽然与C99基本兼容，但并不遵循完全相同的规范。它有一些扩展和一些限制（没 + 有 ``%n`` 或浮点转换指定符）。参见:ref: `如何正确地获得printk格式指定符` 。 + + 所有的printk()消息都会被打印到内核日志缓冲区，这是一个通过/dev/kmsg输出到用户空间的环 + 形缓冲区。读取它的通常方法是使用 ``dmesg`` 。 + +printk()的用法通常是这样的 + +:: + + printk(KERN_INFO "Message: %s\n", arg); + +其中 ``KERN_INFO`` 是日志级别（注意，它与格式字符串连在一起，日志级别不是一个单独的参数）。 +可用的日志级别是： + + ++----------------+--------+-----------------------------------------------+ +| 名称 | 字符串 | 别名函数 | ++================+========+===============================================+ +| KERN_EMERG | "0" | pr_emerg() | ++----------------+--------+-----------------------------------------------+ +| KERN_ALERT | "1" | pr_alert() | ++----------------+--------+-----------------------------------------------+ +| KERN_CRIT | "2" | pr_crit() | ++----------------+--------+-----------------------------------------------+ +| KERN_ERR | "3" | pr_err() | ++----------------+--------+-----------------------------------------------+ +| KERN_WARNING | "4" | pr_warn() | ++----------------+--------+-----------------------------------------------+ +| KERN_NOTICE | "5" | pr_notice() | ++----------------+--------+-----------------------------------------------+ +| KERN_INFO | "6" | pr_info() | ++----------------+--------+-----------------------------------------------+ +| KERN_DEBUG | "7" | pr_debug() and pr_devel() 如果定义了DEBUG | ++----------------+--------+-----------------------------------------------+ +| KERN_DEFAULT | "" | | ++----------------+--------+-----------------------------------------------+ +| KERN_CONT | "c" | pr_cont() | ++----------------+--------+-----------------------------------------------+ + + +日志级别指定了一条消息的重要性。内核根据日志级别和当前 *console_loglevel* （一个内核变量）决 +定是否立即显示消息（将其打印到当前控制台）。如果消息的优先级比 *console_loglevel* 高（日志级 +别值较低），消息将被打印到控制台。 + +如果省略了日志级别，则以 ``KERN_DEFAULT`` 级别打印消息。 + +你可以用以下方法检查当前的 *console_loglevel* 。:: + + $ cat /proc/sys/kernel/printk + 4 4 1 7 + +结果显示了 *current*, *default*, *minimum* and *boot-time-default* 日志级别 + +要改变当前的 console_loglevel，只需在 ``/proc/sys/kernel/printk`` 中写入所需的 +级别。例如，要打印所有的消息到控制台上:: + + # echo 8 > /proc/sys/kernel/printk + +另一种方式，使用 ``dmesg`` + +:: + + # dmesg -n 5 + +设置 console_loglevel 打印 KERN_WARNING (4) 或更严重的信息到控制台。更多信息参 +见 ``dmesg(1)`` 。 + +作为printk()的替代方案，你可以使用 ``pr_*()`` 来记录日志。这个系列的宏在宏名中嵌入 +了日志级别。例如 + +:: + + pr_info("Info message no. %d\n", msg_num); + +打印 ``KERN_INFO`` 信息。 + +除了比等效的printk()调用更简洁之外，它们还可以通过pr_fmt()宏为格式字符串使用一个通用 +的定义。例如，在源文件的顶部（在任何 " ``#include`` " 指令之前）定义这样的内容。:: + + #define pr_fmt(fmt) "%s:%s: " fmt, KBUILD_MODNAME, __func__ + +会在该文件中的每一条 pr_*() 消息前加上发起该消息的模块和函数名称。 + +为了调试的目的，还有两个有条件编译的宏： +pr_debug()和pr_devel()，除非定义了 ``DEBUG`` (或者在pr_debug()的情况下定义了 +``CONFIG_DYNAMIC_DEBUG`` )，否则它们会被编译。 + + +函数接口 +======== + +Todolist: + + :functions: printk + + + :functions: pr_emerg pr_alert pr_crit pr_err pr_warn pr_notice pr_info + pr_fmt pr_debug pr_devel pr_cont -- 2.27.0