[PATCH 0/7] netfilter updates for net-next

[PATCH 0/7] netfilter updates for net-next

[pablo]

From: Pablo Neira Ayuso <pablo@netfilter.org>

Hi David,

The following patchset contain updates for your net-next tree, they are:

* Fix (for just added) connlabel dependencies, from Florian Westphal.

* Add aliasing support for conntrack, thus users can either use -m state
  or -m conntrack from iptables while using the same kernel module, from
  Jozsef Kadlecsik.

* Some code refactoring for the CT target to merge common code in
  revision 0 and 1, from myself.

* Add aliasing support for CT, based on patch from Jozsef Kadlecsik.

* Add one mutex per nfnetlink subsystem, from myself.

* Improved logging for packets that are dropped by helpers, from myself.

You can pull these changes from:

git://1984.lsi.us.es/nf-next master

Thanks!

Florian Westphal (1):
  netfilter: fix missing dependencies for NETFILTER_XT_MATCH_CONNLABEL

Jozsef Kadlecsik (1):
  netfilter: xt_conntrack: Add flag to support aliases

Pablo Neira Ayuso (4):
  netfilter: xt_CT: merge common code of revision 0 and 1
  netfilter: xt_CT: add alias flag
  netfilter: nfnetlink: add mutex per subsystem
  netfilter: nf_ct_helper: better logging for dropped packets

Reese Moore (1):
  netfilter: nf_ct_pptp: Fix comment referring to incorrect RFC

 include/linux/netfilter/nfnetlink.h            |    4 +-
 include/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_helper.h    |    3 +
 include/uapi/linux/netfilter/xt_CT.h           |    6 +-
 include/uapi/linux/netfilter/xt_conntrack.h    |    1 +
 net/ipv4/netfilter/nf_conntrack_l3proto_ipv4.c |   10 +-
 net/ipv6/netfilter/nf_conntrack_l3proto_ipv6.c |    8 +-
 net/netfilter/Kconfig                          |    1 +
 net/netfilter/ipset/ip_set_core.c              |   26 ++--
 net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_amanda.c            |    5 +-
 net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_ftp.c               |   10 +-
 net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_h323_main.c         |    6 +-
 net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_helper.c            |   18 +++
 net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_irc.c               |    7 +-
 net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_netlink.c           |   12 +-
 net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_pptp.c              |    2 +-
 net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_sane.c              |    5 +-
 net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_sip.c               |   80 ++++++++---
 net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_tftp.c              |    8 +-
 net/netfilter/nf_nat_amanda.c                  |    8 +-
 net/netfilter/nf_nat_ftp.c                     |    5 +-
 net/netfilter/nf_nat_irc.c                     |    8 +-
 net/netfilter/nf_nat_sip.c                     |   49 +++++--
 net/netfilter/nf_nat_tftp.c                    |    4 +-
 net/netfilter/nfnetlink.c                      |   52 ++++---
 net/netfilter/xt_CT.c                          |  177 ++++++++++++------------
 25 files changed, 315 insertions(+), 200 deletions(-)

-- 
1.7.10.4

[PATCH 1/7] netfilter: fix missing dependencies for NETFILTER_XT_MATCH_CONNLABEL

[pablo]

From: Florian Westphal <fw@strlen.de>

It was possible to set NF_CONNTRACK=n and NF_CONNTRACK_LABELS=y via
NETFILTER_XT_MATCH_CONNLABEL=y.

warning: (NETFILTER_XT_MATCH_CONNLABEL) selects NF_CONNTRACK_LABELS which has
unmet direct dependencies (NET && INET && NETFILTER && NF_CONNTRACK)

Reported-by: Randy Dunlap <rdunlap@infradead.org>
Signed-off-by: Florian Westphal <fw@strlen.de>
Acked-by: Randy Dunlap <rdunlap@infradead.org>
Signed-off-by: Pablo Neira Ayuso <pablo@netfilter.org>
---
 net/netfilter/Kconfig |    1 +
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+)

diff --git a/net/netfilter/Kconfig b/net/netfilter/Kconfig
index eb2c8eb..d4dd702 100644
--- a/net/netfilter/Kconfig
+++ b/net/netfilter/Kconfig
@@ -860,6 +860,7 @@ config NETFILTER_XT_MATCH_CONNBYTES
 config NETFILTER_XT_MATCH_CONNLABEL
 	tristate '"connlabel" match support'
 	select NF_CONNTRACK_LABELS
+	depends on NF_CONNTRACK
 	depends on NETFILTER_ADVANCED
 	---help---
 	  This match allows you to test and assign userspace-defined labels names
-- 
1.7.10.4

[PATCH 2/7] netfilter: xt_conntrack: Add flag to support aliases

[pablo]

From: Jozsef Kadlecsik <kadlec@blackhole.kfki.hu>

The patch adds the flag to denote the "state" alias as of the subset
of the "conntrack" match.

Signed-off-by: Jozsef Kadlecsik <kadlec@blackhole.kfki.hu>
Signed-off-by: Pablo Neira Ayuso <pablo@netfilter.org>
---
 include/uapi/linux/netfilter/xt_conntrack.h |    1 +
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+)

diff --git a/include/uapi/linux/netfilter/xt_conntrack.h b/include/uapi/linux/netfilter/xt_conntrack.h
index e3c041d..e5bd308 100644
--- a/include/uapi/linux/netfilter/xt_conntrack.h
+++ b/include/uapi/linux/netfilter/xt_conntrack.h
@@ -31,6 +31,7 @@ enum {
 	XT_CONNTRACK_REPLSRC_PORT = 1 << 10,
 	XT_CONNTRACK_REPLDST_PORT = 1 << 11,
 	XT_CONNTRACK_DIRECTION    = 1 << 12,
+	XT_CONNTRACK_STATE_ALIAS  = 1 << 13,
 };
 
 struct xt_conntrack_mtinfo1 {
-- 
1.7.10.4

[PATCH 3/7] netfilter: xt_CT: merge common code of revision 0 and 1

[pablo]

From: Pablo Neira Ayuso <pablo@netfilter.org>

This patch merges the common code for revision 0 and 1.

Signed-off-by: Pablo Neira Ayuso <pablo@netfilter.org>
---
 net/netfilter/xt_CT.c |  145 +++++++++++++++++++------------------------------
 1 file changed, 56 insertions(+), 89 deletions(-)

diff --git a/net/netfilter/xt_CT.c b/net/netfilter/xt_CT.c
index bde009e..d69f1c7 100644
--- a/net/netfilter/xt_CT.c
+++ b/net/netfilter/xt_CT.c
@@ -20,12 +20,8 @@
 #include <net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_timeout.h>
 #include <net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_zones.h>
 
-static unsigned int xt_ct_target_v0(struct sk_buff *skb,
-				    const struct xt_action_param *par)
+static inline int xt_ct_target(struct sk_buff *skb, struct nf_conn *ct)
 {
-	const struct xt_ct_target_info *info = par->targinfo;
-	struct nf_conn *ct = info->ct;
-
 	/* Previously seen (loopback)? Ignore. */
 	if (skb->nfct != NULL)
 		return XT_CONTINUE;
@@ -37,21 +33,22 @@ static unsigned int xt_ct_target_v0(struct sk_buff *skb,
 	return XT_CONTINUE;
 }
 
-static unsigned int xt_ct_target_v1(struct sk_buff *skb,
+static unsigned int xt_ct_target_v0(struct sk_buff *skb,
 				    const struct xt_action_param *par)
 {
-	const struct xt_ct_target_info_v1 *info = par->targinfo;
+	const struct xt_ct_target_info *info = par->targinfo;
 	struct nf_conn *ct = info->ct;
 
-	/* Previously seen (loopback)? Ignore. */
-	if (skb->nfct != NULL)
-		return XT_CONTINUE;
+	return xt_ct_target(skb, ct);
+}
 
-	atomic_inc(&ct->ct_general.use);
-	skb->nfct = &ct->ct_general;
-	skb->nfctinfo = IP_CT_NEW;
+static unsigned int xt_ct_target_v1(struct sk_buff *skb,
+				    const struct xt_action_param *par)
+{
+	const struct xt_ct_target_info_v1 *info = par->targinfo;
+	struct nf_conn *ct = info->ct;
 
-	return XT_CONTINUE;
+	return xt_ct_target(skb, ct);
 }
 
 static u8 xt_ct_find_proto(const struct xt_tgchk_param *par)
@@ -104,67 +101,6 @@ xt_ct_set_helper(struct nf_conn *ct, const char *helper_name,
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static int xt_ct_tg_check_v0(const struct xt_tgchk_param *par)
-{
-	struct xt_ct_target_info *info = par->targinfo;
-	struct nf_conntrack_tuple t;
-	struct nf_conn *ct;
-	int ret = -EOPNOTSUPP;
-
-	if (info->flags & ~XT_CT_NOTRACK)
-		return -EINVAL;
-
-	if (info->flags & XT_CT_NOTRACK) {
-		ct = nf_ct_untracked_get();
-		atomic_inc(&ct->ct_general.use);
-		goto out;
-	}
-
-#ifndef CONFIG_NF_CONNTRACK_ZONES
-	if (info->zone)
-		goto err1;
-#endif
-
-	ret = nf_ct_l3proto_try_module_get(par->family);
-	if (ret < 0)
-		goto err1;
-
-	memset(&t, 0, sizeof(t));
-	ct = nf_conntrack_alloc(par->net, info->zone, &t, &t, GFP_KERNEL);
-	ret = PTR_ERR(ct);
-	if (IS_ERR(ct))
-		goto err2;
-
-	ret = 0;
-	if ((info->ct_events || info->exp_events) &&
-	    !nf_ct_ecache_ext_add(ct, info->ct_events, info->exp_events,
-				  GFP_KERNEL))
-		goto err3;
-
-	if (info->helper[0]) {
-		ret = xt_ct_set_helper(ct, info->helper, par);
-		if (ret < 0)
-			goto err3;
-	}
-
-	__set_bit(IPS_TEMPLATE_BIT, &ct->status);
-	__set_bit(IPS_CONFIRMED_BIT, &ct->status);
-
-	/* Overload tuple linked list to put us in template list. */
-	hlist_nulls_add_head_rcu(&ct->tuplehash[IP_CT_DIR_ORIGINAL].hnnode,
-				 &par->net->ct.tmpl);
-out:
-	info->ct = ct;
-	return 0;
-
-err3:
-	nf_conntrack_free(ct);
-err2:
-	nf_ct_l3proto_module_put(par->family);
-err1:
-	return ret;
-}
-
 #ifdef CONFIG_NF_CONNTRACK_TIMEOUT
 static void __xt_ct_tg_timeout_put(struct ctnl_timeout *timeout)
 {
@@ -242,9 +178,9 @@ out:
 #endif
 }
 
-static int xt_ct_tg_check_v1(const struct xt_tgchk_param *par)
+static int xt_ct_tg_check(const struct xt_tgchk_param *par,
+			  struct xt_ct_target_info_v1 *info)
 {
-	struct xt_ct_target_info_v1 *info = par->targinfo;
 	struct nf_conntrack_tuple t;
 	struct nf_conn *ct;
 	int ret = -EOPNOTSUPP;
@@ -309,20 +245,31 @@ err1:
 	return ret;
 }
 
-static void xt_ct_tg_destroy_v0(const struct xt_tgdtor_param *par)
+static int xt_ct_tg_check_v0(const struct xt_tgchk_param *par)
 {
 	struct xt_ct_target_info *info = par->targinfo;
-	struct nf_conn *ct = info->ct;
-	struct nf_conn_help *help;
+	struct xt_ct_target_info_v1 info_v1 = {
+		.flags 		= info->flags,
+		.zone		= info->zone,
+		.ct_events	= info->ct_events,
+		.exp_events	= info->exp_events,
+	};
+	int ret;
 
-	if (!nf_ct_is_untracked(ct)) {
-		help = nfct_help(ct);
-		if (help)
-			module_put(help->helper->me);
+	memcpy(info_v1.helper, info->helper, sizeof(info->helper));
 
-		nf_ct_l3proto_module_put(par->family);
-	}
-	nf_ct_put(info->ct);
+	ret = xt_ct_tg_check(par, &info_v1);
+	if (ret < 0)
+		return ret;
+
+	info->ct = info_v1.ct;
+
+	return ret;
+}
+
+static int xt_ct_tg_check_v1(const struct xt_tgchk_param *par)
+{
+	return xt_ct_tg_check(par, par->targinfo);
 }
 
 static void xt_ct_destroy_timeout(struct nf_conn *ct)
@@ -343,9 +290,9 @@ static void xt_ct_destroy_timeout(struct nf_conn *ct)
 #endif
 }
 
-static void xt_ct_tg_destroy_v1(const struct xt_tgdtor_param *par)
+static void xt_ct_tg_destroy(const struct xt_tgdtor_param *par,
+			     struct xt_ct_target_info_v1 *info)
 {
-	struct xt_ct_target_info_v1 *info = par->targinfo;
 	struct nf_conn *ct = info->ct;
 	struct nf_conn_help *help;
 
@@ -361,6 +308,26 @@ static void xt_ct_tg_destroy_v1(const struct xt_tgdtor_param *par)
 	nf_ct_put(info->ct);
 }
 
+static void xt_ct_tg_destroy_v0(const struct xt_tgdtor_param *par)
+{
+	struct xt_ct_target_info *info = par->targinfo;
+	struct xt_ct_target_info_v1 info_v1 = {
+		.flags 		= info->flags,
+		.zone		= info->zone,
+		.ct_events	= info->ct_events,
+		.exp_events	= info->exp_events,
+		.ct		= info->ct,
+	};
+	memcpy(info_v1.helper, info->helper, sizeof(info->helper));
+
+	xt_ct_tg_destroy(par, &info_v1);
+}
+
+static void xt_ct_tg_destroy_v1(const struct xt_tgdtor_param *par)
+{
+	xt_ct_tg_destroy(par, par->targinfo);
+}
+
 static struct xt_target xt_ct_tg_reg[] __read_mostly = {
 	{
 		.name		= "CT",
-- 
1.7.10.4

[PATCH 4/7] netfilter: xt_CT: add alias flag

[pablo]

From: Pablo Neira Ayuso <pablo@netfilter.org>

This patch adds the alias flag to support full NOTRACK target
aliasing.

Based on initial patch from Jozsef Kadlecsik.

Acked-by: Jozsef Kadlecsik <kadlec@blackhole.kfki.hi>
Signed-off-by: Pablo Neira Ayuso <pablo@netfilter.org>
---
 include/uapi/linux/netfilter/xt_CT.h |    6 +++++-
 net/netfilter/xt_CT.c                |   32 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++---
 2 files changed, 34 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-)

diff --git a/include/uapi/linux/netfilter/xt_CT.h b/include/uapi/linux/netfilter/xt_CT.h
index a064b8a..5a688c1 100644
--- a/include/uapi/linux/netfilter/xt_CT.h
+++ b/include/uapi/linux/netfilter/xt_CT.h
@@ -3,7 +3,11 @@
 
 #include <linux/types.h>
 
-#define XT_CT_NOTRACK	0x1
+enum {
+	XT_CT_NOTRACK		= 1 << 0,
+	XT_CT_NOTRACK_ALIAS	= 1 << 1,
+	XT_CT_MASK		= XT_CT_NOTRACK | XT_CT_NOTRACK_ALIAS,
+};
 
 struct xt_ct_target_info {
 	__u16 flags;
diff --git a/net/netfilter/xt_CT.c b/net/netfilter/xt_CT.c
index d69f1c7..a60261c 100644
--- a/net/netfilter/xt_CT.c
+++ b/net/netfilter/xt_CT.c
@@ -185,9 +185,6 @@ static int xt_ct_tg_check(const struct xt_tgchk_param *par,
 	struct nf_conn *ct;
 	int ret = -EOPNOTSUPP;
 
-	if (info->flags & ~XT_CT_NOTRACK)
-		return -EINVAL;
-
 	if (info->flags & XT_CT_NOTRACK) {
 		ct = nf_ct_untracked_get();
 		atomic_inc(&ct->ct_general.use);
@@ -256,6 +253,9 @@ static int xt_ct_tg_check_v0(const struct xt_tgchk_param *par)
 	};
 	int ret;
 
+	if (info->flags & ~XT_CT_NOTRACK)
+		return -EINVAL;
+
 	memcpy(info_v1.helper, info->helper, sizeof(info->helper));
 
 	ret = xt_ct_tg_check(par, &info_v1);
@@ -269,6 +269,21 @@ static int xt_ct_tg_check_v0(const struct xt_tgchk_param *par)
 
 static int xt_ct_tg_check_v1(const struct xt_tgchk_param *par)
 {
+	struct xt_ct_target_info_v1 *info = par->targinfo;
+
+	if (info->flags & ~XT_CT_NOTRACK)
+		return -EINVAL;
+
+	return xt_ct_tg_check(par, par->targinfo);
+}
+
+static int xt_ct_tg_check_v2(const struct xt_tgchk_param *par)
+{
+	struct xt_ct_target_info_v1 *info = par->targinfo;
+
+	if (info->flags & ~XT_CT_MASK)
+		return -EINVAL;
+
 	return xt_ct_tg_check(par, par->targinfo);
 }
 
@@ -350,6 +365,17 @@ static struct xt_target xt_ct_tg_reg[] __read_mostly = {
 		.table		= "raw",
 		.me		= THIS_MODULE,
 	},
+	{
+		.name		= "CT",
+		.family		= NFPROTO_UNSPEC,
+		.revision	= 2,
+		.targetsize	= sizeof(struct xt_ct_target_info_v1),
+		.checkentry	= xt_ct_tg_check_v2,
+		.destroy	= xt_ct_tg_destroy_v1,
+		.target		= xt_ct_target_v1,
+		.table		= "raw",
+		.me		= THIS_MODULE,
+	},
 };
 
 static unsigned int
-- 
1.7.10.4

[PATCH 5/7] netfilter: nfnetlink: add mutex per subsystem

[pablo]

From: Pablo Neira Ayuso <pablo@netfilter.org>

This patch replaces the global lock to one lock per subsystem.
The per-subsystem lock avoids that processes operating
with different subsystems are synchronized.

Signed-off-by: Pablo Neira Ayuso <pablo@netfilter.org>
---
 include/linux/netfilter/nfnetlink.h  |    4 +--
 net/netfilter/ipset/ip_set_core.c    |   26 ++++++++---------
 net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_netlink.c |   12 ++++----
 net/netfilter/nfnetlink.c            |   52 +++++++++++++++++++++-------------
 4 files changed, 53 insertions(+), 41 deletions(-)

diff --git a/include/linux/netfilter/nfnetlink.h b/include/linux/netfilter/nfnetlink.h
index 4966dde..ecbb8e4 100644
--- a/include/linux/netfilter/nfnetlink.h
+++ b/include/linux/netfilter/nfnetlink.h
@@ -34,8 +34,8 @@ extern int nfnetlink_send(struct sk_buff *skb, struct net *net, u32 pid, unsigne
 extern int nfnetlink_set_err(struct net *net, u32 pid, u32 group, int error);
 extern int nfnetlink_unicast(struct sk_buff *skb, struct net *net, u_int32_t pid, int flags);
 
-extern void nfnl_lock(void);
-extern void nfnl_unlock(void);
+extern void nfnl_lock(__u8 subsys_id);
+extern void nfnl_unlock(__u8 subsys_id);
 
 #define MODULE_ALIAS_NFNL_SUBSYS(subsys) \
 	MODULE_ALIAS("nfnetlink-subsys-" __stringify(subsys))
diff --git a/net/netfilter/ipset/ip_set_core.c b/net/netfilter/ipset/ip_set_core.c
index 6d6d8f2..f82b2e6 100644
--- a/net/netfilter/ipset/ip_set_core.c
+++ b/net/netfilter/ipset/ip_set_core.c
@@ -88,14 +88,14 @@ find_set_type(const char *name, u8 family, u8 revision)
 static bool
 load_settype(const char *name)
 {
-	nfnl_unlock();
+	nfnl_unlock(NFNL_SUBSYS_IPSET);
 	pr_debug("try to load ip_set_%s\n", name);
 	if (request_module("ip_set_%s", name) < 0) {
 		pr_warning("Can't find ip_set type %s\n", name);
-		nfnl_lock();
+		nfnl_lock(NFNL_SUBSYS_IPSET);
 		return false;
 	}
-	nfnl_lock();
+	nfnl_lock(NFNL_SUBSYS_IPSET);
 	return true;
 }
 
@@ -532,7 +532,7 @@ ip_set_nfnl_get(const char *name)
 	ip_set_id_t i, index = IPSET_INVALID_ID;
 	struct ip_set *s;
 
-	nfnl_lock();
+	nfnl_lock(NFNL_SUBSYS_IPSET);
 	for (i = 0; i < ip_set_max; i++) {
 		s = nfnl_set(i);
 		if (s != NULL && STREQ(s->name, name)) {
@@ -541,7 +541,7 @@ ip_set_nfnl_get(const char *name)
 			break;
 		}
 	}
-	nfnl_unlock();
+	nfnl_unlock(NFNL_SUBSYS_IPSET);
 
 	return index;
 }
@@ -561,13 +561,13 @@ ip_set_nfnl_get_byindex(ip_set_id_t index)
 	if (index > ip_set_max)
 		return IPSET_INVALID_ID;
 
-	nfnl_lock();
+	nfnl_lock(NFNL_SUBSYS_IPSET);
 	set = nfnl_set(index);
 	if (set)
 		__ip_set_get(set);
 	else
 		index = IPSET_INVALID_ID;
-	nfnl_unlock();
+	nfnl_unlock(NFNL_SUBSYS_IPSET);
 
 	return index;
 }
@@ -584,11 +584,11 @@ void
 ip_set_nfnl_put(ip_set_id_t index)
 {
 	struct ip_set *set;
-	nfnl_lock();
+	nfnl_lock(NFNL_SUBSYS_IPSET);
 	set = nfnl_set(index);
 	if (set != NULL)
 		__ip_set_put(set);
-	nfnl_unlock();
+	nfnl_unlock(NFNL_SUBSYS_IPSET);
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(ip_set_nfnl_put);
 
@@ -1763,10 +1763,10 @@ ip_set_sockfn_get(struct sock *sk, int optval, void __user *user, int *len)
 			goto done;
 		}
 		req_get->set.name[IPSET_MAXNAMELEN - 1] = '\0';
-		nfnl_lock();
+		nfnl_lock(NFNL_SUBSYS_IPSET);
 		find_set_and_id(req_get->set.name, &id);
 		req_get->set.index = id;
-		nfnl_unlock();
+		nfnl_unlock(NFNL_SUBSYS_IPSET);
 		goto copy;
 	}
 	case IP_SET_OP_GET_BYINDEX: {
@@ -1778,11 +1778,11 @@ ip_set_sockfn_get(struct sock *sk, int optval, void __user *user, int *len)
 			ret = -EINVAL;
 			goto done;
 		}
-		nfnl_lock();
+		nfnl_lock(NFNL_SUBSYS_IPSET);
 		set = nfnl_set(req_get->set.index);
 		strncpy(req_get->set.name, set ? set->name : "",
 			IPSET_MAXNAMELEN);
-		nfnl_unlock();
+		nfnl_unlock(NFNL_SUBSYS_IPSET);
 		goto copy;
 	}
 	default:
diff --git a/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_netlink.c b/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_netlink.c
index 2334cc5..d490a30 100644
--- a/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_netlink.c
+++ b/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_netlink.c
@@ -1256,13 +1256,13 @@ ctnetlink_parse_nat_setup(struct nf_conn *ct,
 	if (!parse_nat_setup) {
 #ifdef CONFIG_MODULES
 		rcu_read_unlock();
-		nfnl_unlock();
+		nfnl_unlock(NFNL_SUBSYS_CTNETLINK);
 		if (request_module("nf-nat") < 0) {
-			nfnl_lock();
+			nfnl_lock(NFNL_SUBSYS_CTNETLINK);
 			rcu_read_lock();
 			return -EOPNOTSUPP;
 		}
-		nfnl_lock();
+		nfnl_lock(NFNL_SUBSYS_CTNETLINK);
 		rcu_read_lock();
 		if (nfnetlink_parse_nat_setup_hook)
 			return -EAGAIN;
@@ -1274,13 +1274,13 @@ ctnetlink_parse_nat_setup(struct nf_conn *ct,
 	if (err == -EAGAIN) {
 #ifdef CONFIG_MODULES
 		rcu_read_unlock();
-		nfnl_unlock();
+		nfnl_unlock(NFNL_SUBSYS_CTNETLINK);
 		if (request_module("nf-nat-%u", nf_ct_l3num(ct)) < 0) {
-			nfnl_lock();
+			nfnl_lock(NFNL_SUBSYS_CTNETLINK);
 			rcu_read_lock();
 			return -EOPNOTSUPP;
 		}
-		nfnl_lock();
+		nfnl_lock(NFNL_SUBSYS_CTNETLINK);
 		rcu_read_lock();
 #else
 		err = -EOPNOTSUPP;
diff --git a/net/netfilter/nfnetlink.c b/net/netfilter/nfnetlink.c
index 58a09b7..d578ec2 100644
--- a/net/netfilter/nfnetlink.c
+++ b/net/netfilter/nfnetlink.c
@@ -36,8 +36,10 @@ MODULE_ALIAS_NET_PF_PROTO(PF_NETLINK, NETLINK_NETFILTER);
 
 static char __initdata nfversion[] = "0.30";
 
-static const struct nfnetlink_subsystem __rcu *subsys_table[NFNL_SUBSYS_COUNT];
-static DEFINE_MUTEX(nfnl_mutex);
+static struct {
+	struct mutex				mutex;
+	const struct nfnetlink_subsystem __rcu	*subsys;
+} table[NFNL_SUBSYS_COUNT];
 
 static const int nfnl_group2type[NFNLGRP_MAX+1] = {
 	[NFNLGRP_CONNTRACK_NEW]		= NFNL_SUBSYS_CTNETLINK,
@@ -48,27 +50,32 @@ static const int nfnl_group2type[NFNLGRP_MAX+1] = {
 	[NFNLGRP_CONNTRACK_EXP_DESTROY] = NFNL_SUBSYS_CTNETLINK_EXP,
 };
 
-void nfnl_lock(void)
+void nfnl_lock(__u8 subsys_id)
 {
-	mutex_lock(&nfnl_mutex);
+	mutex_lock(&table[subsys_id].mutex);
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(nfnl_lock);
 
-void nfnl_unlock(void)
+void nfnl_unlock(__u8 subsys_id)
 {
-	mutex_unlock(&nfnl_mutex);
+	mutex_unlock(&table[subsys_id].mutex);
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(nfnl_unlock);
 
+static struct mutex *nfnl_get_lock(__u8 subsys_id)
+{
+	return &table[subsys_id].mutex;
+}
+
 int nfnetlink_subsys_register(const struct nfnetlink_subsystem *n)
 {
-	nfnl_lock();
-	if (subsys_table[n->subsys_id]) {
-		nfnl_unlock();
+	nfnl_lock(n->subsys_id);
+	if (table[n->subsys_id].subsys) {
+		nfnl_unlock(n->subsys_id);
 		return -EBUSY;
 	}
-	rcu_assign_pointer(subsys_table[n->subsys_id], n);
-	nfnl_unlock();
+	rcu_assign_pointer(table[n->subsys_id].subsys, n);
+	nfnl_unlock(n->subsys_id);
 
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -76,9 +83,9 @@ EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(nfnetlink_subsys_register);
 
 int nfnetlink_subsys_unregister(const struct nfnetlink_subsystem *n)
 {
-	nfnl_lock();
-	subsys_table[n->subsys_id] = NULL;
-	nfnl_unlock();
+	nfnl_lock(n->subsys_id);
+	table[n->subsys_id].subsys = NULL;
+	nfnl_unlock(n->subsys_id);
 	synchronize_rcu();
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -91,7 +98,7 @@ static inline const struct nfnetlink_subsystem *nfnetlink_get_subsys(u_int16_t t
 	if (subsys_id >= NFNL_SUBSYS_COUNT)
 		return NULL;
 
-	return rcu_dereference(subsys_table[subsys_id]);
+	return rcu_dereference(table[subsys_id].subsys);
 }
 
 static inline const struct nfnl_callback *
@@ -175,6 +182,7 @@ replay:
 		struct nlattr *cda[ss->cb[cb_id].attr_count + 1];
 		struct nlattr *attr = (void *)nlh + min_len;
 		int attrlen = nlh->nlmsg_len - min_len;
+		__u8 subsys_id = NFNL_SUBSYS_ID(type);
 
 		err = nla_parse(cda, ss->cb[cb_id].attr_count,
 				attr, attrlen, ss->cb[cb_id].policy);
@@ -189,10 +197,9 @@ replay:
 			rcu_read_unlock();
 		} else {
 			rcu_read_unlock();
-			nfnl_lock();
-			if (rcu_dereference_protected(
-					subsys_table[NFNL_SUBSYS_ID(type)],
-					lockdep_is_held(&nfnl_mutex)) != ss ||
+			nfnl_lock(subsys_id);
+			if (rcu_dereference_protected(table[subsys_id].subsys,
+				lockdep_is_held(nfnl_get_lock(subsys_id))) != ss ||
 			    nfnetlink_find_client(type, ss) != nc)
 				err = -EAGAIN;
 			else if (nc->call)
@@ -200,7 +207,7 @@ replay:
 						   (const struct nlattr **)cda);
 			else
 				err = -EINVAL;
-			nfnl_unlock();
+			nfnl_unlock(subsys_id);
 		}
 		if (err == -EAGAIN)
 			goto replay;
@@ -267,6 +274,11 @@ static struct pernet_operations nfnetlink_net_ops = {
 
 static int __init nfnetlink_init(void)
 {
+	int i;
+
+	for (i=0; i<NFNL_SUBSYS_COUNT; i++)
+		mutex_init(&table[i].mutex);
+
 	pr_info("Netfilter messages via NETLINK v%s.\n", nfversion);
 	return register_pernet_subsys(&nfnetlink_net_ops);
 }
-- 
1.7.10.4

[PATCH 6/7] netfilter: nf_ct_pptp: Fix comment referring to incorrect RFC

[pablo]

From: Reese Moore <ram@vt.edu>

The header of this file cites to "RFFC2673" which is "Binary Labels in the
Domain Name System". It should refer to "RFC 2637" which is "Point-to-Point
Tunneling Protocol (PPTP)". This patch also corrects the typo RFFC.

Signed-off-by: Reese Moore <ram@vt.edu>
Signed-off-by: Pablo Neira Ayuso <pablo@netfilter.org>
---
 net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_pptp.c |    2 +-
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_pptp.c b/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_pptp.c
index cc7669e..e6678d2 100644
--- a/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_pptp.c
+++ b/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_pptp.c
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@
  * Limitations:
  * 	 - We blindly assume that control connections are always
  * 	   established in PNS->PAC direction.  This is a violation
- * 	   of RFFC2673
+ *	   of RFC 2637
  * 	 - We can only support one single call within each session
  * TODO:
  *	 - testing of incoming PPTP calls
-- 
1.7.10.4

[PATCH 7/7] netfilter: nf_ct_helper: better logging for dropped packets

[pablo]

From: Pablo Neira Ayuso <pablo@netfilter.org>

Connection tracking helpers have to drop packets under exceptional
situations. Currently, the user gets the following logging message
in case that happens:

	nf_ct_%s: dropping packet ...

However, depending on the helper, there are different reasons why a
packet can be dropped.

This patch modifies the existing code to provide more specific
error message in the scope of each helper to help users to debug
the reason why the packet has been dropped, ie:

	nf_ct_%s: dropping packet: reason ...

Signed-off-by: Pablo Neira Ayuso <pablo@netfilter.org>
---
 include/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_helper.h    |    3 +
 net/ipv4/netfilter/nf_conntrack_l3proto_ipv4.c |   10 +--
 net/ipv6/netfilter/nf_conntrack_l3proto_ipv6.c |    8 +--
 net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_amanda.c            |    5 +-
 net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_ftp.c               |   10 +--
 net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_h323_main.c         |    6 +-
 net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_helper.c            |   18 ++++++
 net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_irc.c               |    7 ++-
 net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_sane.c              |    5 +-
 net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_sip.c               |   80 ++++++++++++++++++------
 net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_tftp.c              |    8 ++-
 net/netfilter/nf_nat_amanda.c                  |    8 ++-
 net/netfilter/nf_nat_ftp.c                     |    5 +-
 net/netfilter/nf_nat_irc.c                     |    8 ++-
 net/netfilter/nf_nat_sip.c                     |   49 +++++++++++----
 net/netfilter/nf_nat_tftp.c                    |    4 +-
 16 files changed, 169 insertions(+), 65 deletions(-)

diff --git a/include/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_helper.h b/include/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_helper.h
index ce27edf..1803cdf 100644
--- a/include/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_helper.h
+++ b/include/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_helper.h
@@ -100,6 +100,9 @@ struct nf_ct_helper_expectfn {
 	void (*expectfn)(struct nf_conn *ct, struct nf_conntrack_expect *exp);
 };
 
+extern void nf_ct_helper_log(struct sk_buff *skb, const struct nf_conn *,
+			     const char *fmt, ...);
+
 void nf_ct_helper_expectfn_register(struct nf_ct_helper_expectfn *n);
 void nf_ct_helper_expectfn_unregister(struct nf_ct_helper_expectfn *n);
 struct nf_ct_helper_expectfn *
diff --git a/net/ipv4/netfilter/nf_conntrack_l3proto_ipv4.c b/net/ipv4/netfilter/nf_conntrack_l3proto_ipv4.c
index 48990ad..2820aa1 100644
--- a/net/ipv4/netfilter/nf_conntrack_l3proto_ipv4.c
+++ b/net/ipv4/netfilter/nf_conntrack_l3proto_ipv4.c
@@ -100,7 +100,6 @@ static unsigned int ipv4_helper(unsigned int hooknum,
 	enum ip_conntrack_info ctinfo;
 	const struct nf_conn_help *help;
 	const struct nf_conntrack_helper *helper;
-	unsigned int ret;
 
 	/* This is where we call the helper: as the packet goes out. */
 	ct = nf_ct_get(skb, &ctinfo);
@@ -116,13 +115,8 @@ static unsigned int ipv4_helper(unsigned int hooknum,
 	if (!helper)
 		return NF_ACCEPT;
 
-	ret = helper->help(skb, skb_network_offset(skb) + ip_hdrlen(skb),
-			   ct, ctinfo);
-	if (ret != NF_ACCEPT && (ret & NF_VERDICT_MASK) != NF_QUEUE) {
-		nf_log_packet(NFPROTO_IPV4, hooknum, skb, in, out, NULL,
-			      "nf_ct_%s: dropping packet", helper->name);
-	}
-	return ret;
+	return helper->help(skb, skb_network_offset(skb) + ip_hdrlen(skb),
+			    ct, ctinfo);
 }
 
 static unsigned int ipv4_confirm(unsigned int hooknum,
diff --git a/net/ipv6/netfilter/nf_conntrack_l3proto_ipv6.c b/net/ipv6/netfilter/nf_conntrack_l3proto_ipv6.c
index 8a45bb2..2b6c226 100644
--- a/net/ipv6/netfilter/nf_conntrack_l3proto_ipv6.c
+++ b/net/ipv6/netfilter/nf_conntrack_l3proto_ipv6.c
@@ -104,7 +104,6 @@ static unsigned int ipv6_helper(unsigned int hooknum,
 	const struct nf_conn_help *help;
 	const struct nf_conntrack_helper *helper;
 	enum ip_conntrack_info ctinfo;
-	unsigned int ret;
 	__be16 frag_off;
 	int protoff;
 	u8 nexthdr;
@@ -130,12 +129,7 @@ static unsigned int ipv6_helper(unsigned int hooknum,
 		return NF_ACCEPT;
 	}
 
-	ret = helper->help(skb, protoff, ct, ctinfo);
-	if (ret != NF_ACCEPT && (ret & NF_VERDICT_MASK) != NF_QUEUE) {
-		nf_log_packet(NFPROTO_IPV6, hooknum, skb, in, out, NULL,
-			      "nf_ct_%s: dropping packet", helper->name);
-	}
-	return ret;
+	return helper->help(skb, protoff, ct, ctinfo);
 }
 
 static unsigned int ipv6_confirm(unsigned int hooknum,
diff --git a/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_amanda.c b/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_amanda.c
index c514fe6..dbdaa11 100644
--- a/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_amanda.c
+++ b/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_amanda.c
@@ -145,6 +145,7 @@ static int amanda_help(struct sk_buff *skb,
 
 		exp = nf_ct_expect_alloc(ct);
 		if (exp == NULL) {
+			nf_ct_helper_log(skb, ct, "cannot alloc expectation");
 			ret = NF_DROP;
 			goto out;
 		}
@@ -158,8 +159,10 @@ static int amanda_help(struct sk_buff *skb,
 		if (nf_nat_amanda && ct->status & IPS_NAT_MASK)
 			ret = nf_nat_amanda(skb, ctinfo, protoff,
 					    off - dataoff, len, exp);
-		else if (nf_ct_expect_related(exp) != 0)
+		else if (nf_ct_expect_related(exp) != 0) {
+			nf_ct_helper_log(skb, ct, "cannot add expectation");
 			ret = NF_DROP;
+		}
 		nf_ct_expect_put(exp);
 	}
 
diff --git a/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_ftp.c b/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_ftp.c
index 1ce3bef..62fb8fa 100644
--- a/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_ftp.c
+++ b/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_ftp.c
@@ -435,8 +435,8 @@ skip_nl_seq:
 		   connection tracking, not packet filtering.
 		   However, it is necessary for accurate tracking in
 		   this case. */
-		pr_debug("conntrack_ftp: partial %s %u+%u\n",
-			 search[dir][i].pattern,  ntohl(th->seq), datalen);
+		nf_ct_helper_log(skb, ct, "partial matching of `%s'",
+			         search[dir][i].pattern);
 		ret = NF_DROP;
 		goto out;
 	} else if (found == 0) { /* No match */
@@ -450,6 +450,7 @@ skip_nl_seq:
 
 	exp = nf_ct_expect_alloc(ct);
 	if (exp == NULL) {
+		nf_ct_helper_log(skb, ct, "cannot alloc expectation");
 		ret = NF_DROP;
 		goto out;
 	}
@@ -500,9 +501,10 @@ skip_nl_seq:
 				 protoff, matchoff, matchlen, exp);
 	else {
 		/* Can't expect this?  Best to drop packet now. */
-		if (nf_ct_expect_related(exp) != 0)
+		if (nf_ct_expect_related(exp) != 0) {
+			nf_ct_helper_log(skb, ct, "cannot add expectation");
 			ret = NF_DROP;
-		else
+		} else
 			ret = NF_ACCEPT;
 	}
 
diff --git a/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_h323_main.c b/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_h323_main.c
index 962795e..7df7b36 100644
--- a/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_h323_main.c
+++ b/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_h323_main.c
@@ -623,7 +623,7 @@ static int h245_help(struct sk_buff *skb, unsigned int protoff,
 
       drop:
 	spin_unlock_bh(&nf_h323_lock);
-	net_info_ratelimited("nf_ct_h245: packet dropped\n");
+	nf_ct_helper_log(skb, ct, "cannot process H.245 message");
 	return NF_DROP;
 }
 
@@ -1197,7 +1197,7 @@ static int q931_help(struct sk_buff *skb, unsigned int protoff,
 
       drop:
 	spin_unlock_bh(&nf_h323_lock);
-	net_info_ratelimited("nf_ct_q931: packet dropped\n");
+	nf_ct_helper_log(skb, ct, "cannot process Q.931 message");
 	return NF_DROP;
 }
 
@@ -1795,7 +1795,7 @@ static int ras_help(struct sk_buff *skb, unsigned int protoff,
 
       drop:
 	spin_unlock_bh(&nf_h323_lock);
-	net_info_ratelimited("nf_ct_ras: packet dropped\n");
+	nf_ct_helper_log(skb, ct, "cannot process RAS message");
 	return NF_DROP;
 }
 
diff --git a/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_helper.c b/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_helper.c
index 2f380f7..2d77503 100644
--- a/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_helper.c
+++ b/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_helper.c
@@ -28,6 +28,7 @@
 #include <net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_helper.h>
 #include <net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_core.h>
 #include <net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_extend.h>
+#include <net/netfilter/nf_log.h>
 
 static DEFINE_MUTEX(nf_ct_helper_mutex);
 struct hlist_head *nf_ct_helper_hash __read_mostly;
@@ -332,6 +333,23 @@ nf_ct_helper_expectfn_find_by_symbol(const void *symbol)
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(nf_ct_helper_expectfn_find_by_symbol);
 
+void nf_ct_helper_log(struct sk_buff *skb, const struct nf_conn *ct,
+		      const char *fmt, ...)
+{
+	const struct nf_conn_help *help;
+	const struct nf_conntrack_helper *helper;
+
+	/* Called from the helper function, this call never fails */
+	help = nfct_help(ct);
+
+	/* rcu_read_lock()ed by nf_hook_slow */
+	helper = rcu_dereference(help->helper);
+
+	nf_log_packet(nf_ct_l3num(ct), 0, skb, NULL, NULL, NULL,
+		      "nf_ct_%s: dropping packet: %s ", helper->name, fmt);
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(nf_ct_helper_log);
+
 int nf_conntrack_helper_register(struct nf_conntrack_helper *me)
 {
 	int ret = 0;
diff --git a/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_irc.c b/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_irc.c
index 3b20aa7..e990792 100644
--- a/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_irc.c
+++ b/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_irc.c
@@ -194,6 +194,8 @@ static int help(struct sk_buff *skb, unsigned int protoff,
 
 			exp = nf_ct_expect_alloc(ct);
 			if (exp == NULL) {
+				nf_ct_helper_log(skb, ct, "cannot alloc "
+							  "expectation");
 				ret = NF_DROP;
 				goto out;
 			}
@@ -210,8 +212,11 @@ static int help(struct sk_buff *skb, unsigned int protoff,
 						 addr_beg_p - ib_ptr,
 						 addr_end_p - addr_beg_p,
 						 exp);
-			else if (nf_ct_expect_related(exp) != 0)
+			else if (nf_ct_expect_related(exp) != 0) {
+				nf_ct_helper_log(skb, ct, "cannot add "
+							  "expectation");
 				ret = NF_DROP;
+			}
 			nf_ct_expect_put(exp);
 			goto out;
 		}
diff --git a/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_sane.c b/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_sane.c
index 295429f..4a2134f 100644
--- a/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_sane.c
+++ b/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_sane.c
@@ -138,6 +138,7 @@ static int help(struct sk_buff *skb,
 
 	exp = nf_ct_expect_alloc(ct);
 	if (exp == NULL) {
+		nf_ct_helper_log(skb, ct, "cannot alloc expectation");
 		ret = NF_DROP;
 		goto out;
 	}
@@ -151,8 +152,10 @@ static int help(struct sk_buff *skb,
 	nf_ct_dump_tuple(&exp->tuple);
 
 	/* Can't expect this?  Best to drop packet now. */
-	if (nf_ct_expect_related(exp) != 0)
+	if (nf_ct_expect_related(exp) != 0) {
+		nf_ct_helper_log(skb, ct, "cannot add expectation");
 		ret = NF_DROP;
+	}
 
 	nf_ct_expect_put(exp);
 
diff --git a/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_sip.c b/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_sip.c
index 72a67bb..1b00517 100644
--- a/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_sip.c
+++ b/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_sip.c
@@ -1095,8 +1095,10 @@ static int process_sdp(struct sk_buff *skb, unsigned int protoff,
 		port = simple_strtoul(*dptr + mediaoff, NULL, 10);
 		if (port == 0)
 			continue;
-		if (port < 1024 || port > 65535)
+		if (port < 1024 || port > 65535) {
+			nf_ct_helper_log(skb, ct, "wrong port %u", port);
 			return NF_DROP;
+		}
 
 		/* The media description overrides the session description. */
 		maddr_len = 0;
@@ -1107,15 +1109,20 @@ static int process_sdp(struct sk_buff *skb, unsigned int protoff,
 			memcpy(&rtp_addr, &maddr, sizeof(rtp_addr));
 		} else if (caddr_len)
 			memcpy(&rtp_addr, &caddr, sizeof(rtp_addr));
-		else
+		else {
+			nf_ct_helper_log(skb, ct, "cannot parse SDP message");
 			return NF_DROP;
+		}
 
 		ret = set_expected_rtp_rtcp(skb, protoff, dataoff,
 					    dptr, datalen,
 					    &rtp_addr, htons(port), t->class,
 					    mediaoff, medialen);
-		if (ret != NF_ACCEPT)
+		if (ret != NF_ACCEPT) {
+			nf_ct_helper_log(skb, ct, "cannot add expectation "
+						  "for RTP/RTCP traffic");
 			return ret;
+		}
 
 		/* Update media connection address if present */
 		if (maddr_len && nf_nat_sdp_addr && ct->status & IPS_NAT_MASK) {
@@ -1123,8 +1130,11 @@ static int process_sdp(struct sk_buff *skb, unsigned int protoff,
 					      dptr, datalen, mediaoff,
 					      SDP_HDR_CONNECTION, SDP_HDR_MEDIA,
 					      &rtp_addr);
-			if (ret != NF_ACCEPT)
+			if (ret != NF_ACCEPT) {
+				nf_ct_helper_log(skb, ct, "cannot mangle "
+							  "media connection");
 				return ret;
+			}
 		}
 		i++;
 	}
@@ -1258,9 +1268,10 @@ static int process_register_request(struct sk_buff *skb, unsigned int protoff,
 	ret = ct_sip_parse_header_uri(ct, *dptr, NULL, *datalen,
 				      SIP_HDR_CONTACT, NULL,
 				      &matchoff, &matchlen, &daddr, &port);
-	if (ret < 0)
+	if (ret < 0) {
+		nf_ct_helper_log(skb, ct, "cannot parse register request");
 		return NF_DROP;
-	else if (ret == 0)
+	} else if (ret == 0)
 		return NF_ACCEPT;
 
 	/* We don't support third-party registrations */
@@ -1273,8 +1284,11 @@ static int process_register_request(struct sk_buff *skb, unsigned int protoff,
 
 	if (ct_sip_parse_numerical_param(ct, *dptr,
 					 matchoff + matchlen, *datalen,
-					 "expires=", NULL, NULL, &expires) < 0)
+					 "expires=", NULL, NULL, &expires) < 0) {
+		nf_ct_helper_log(skb, ct, "cannot parse numerical parameter "
+					  "in register request");
 		return NF_DROP;
+	}
 
 	if (expires == 0) {
 		ret = NF_ACCEPT;
@@ -1282,8 +1296,10 @@ static int process_register_request(struct sk_buff *skb, unsigned int protoff,
 	}
 
 	exp = nf_ct_expect_alloc(ct);
-	if (!exp)
+	if (!exp) {
+		nf_ct_helper_log(skb, ct, "cannot alloc expectation");
 		return NF_DROP;
+	}
 
 	saddr = NULL;
 	if (sip_direct_signalling)
@@ -1300,9 +1316,10 @@ static int process_register_request(struct sk_buff *skb, unsigned int protoff,
 		ret = nf_nat_sip_expect(skb, protoff, dataoff, dptr, datalen,
 					exp, matchoff, matchlen);
 	else {
-		if (nf_ct_expect_related(exp) != 0)
+		if (nf_ct_expect_related(exp) != 0) {
+			nf_ct_helper_log(skb, ct, "cannot add expectation");
 			ret = NF_DROP;
-		else
+		} else
 			ret = NF_ACCEPT;
 	}
 	nf_ct_expect_put(exp);
@@ -1356,9 +1373,11 @@ static int process_register_response(struct sk_buff *skb, unsigned int protoff,
 					      SIP_HDR_CONTACT, &in_contact,
 					      &matchoff, &matchlen,
 					      &addr, &port);
-		if (ret < 0)
+		if (ret < 0) {
+			nf_ct_helper_log(skb, ct, "cannot parse register "
+						  "response");
 			return NF_DROP;
-		else if (ret == 0)
+		} else if (ret == 0)
 			break;
 
 		/* We don't support third-party registrations */
@@ -1373,8 +1392,12 @@ static int process_register_response(struct sk_buff *skb, unsigned int protoff,
 						   matchoff + matchlen,
 						   *datalen, "expires=",
 						   NULL, NULL, &c_expires);
-		if (ret < 0)
+		if (ret < 0) {
+			nf_ct_helper_log(skb, ct, "cannot parse numerical "
+						  "parameter in register "
+						  "request");
 			return NF_DROP;
+		}
 		if (c_expires == 0)
 			break;
 		if (refresh_signalling_expectation(ct, &addr, proto, port,
@@ -1408,15 +1431,21 @@ static int process_sip_response(struct sk_buff *skb, unsigned int protoff,
 	if (*datalen < strlen("SIP/2.0 200"))
 		return NF_ACCEPT;
 	code = simple_strtoul(*dptr + strlen("SIP/2.0 "), NULL, 10);
-	if (!code)
+	if (!code) {
+		nf_ct_helper_log(skb, ct, "cannot parse code in response");
 		return NF_DROP;
+	}
 
 	if (ct_sip_get_header(ct, *dptr, 0, *datalen, SIP_HDR_CSEQ,
-			      &matchoff, &matchlen) <= 0)
+			      &matchoff, &matchlen) <= 0) {
+		nf_ct_helper_log(skb, ct, "cannot parse header in response");
 		return NF_DROP;
+	}
 	cseq = simple_strtoul(*dptr + matchoff, NULL, 10);
-	if (!cseq)
+	if (!cseq) {
+		nf_ct_helper_log(skb, ct, "cannot parse cseq in response");
 		return NF_DROP;
+	}
 	matchend = matchoff + matchlen + 1;
 
 	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(sip_handlers); i++) {
@@ -1471,11 +1500,17 @@ static int process_sip_request(struct sk_buff *skb, unsigned int protoff,
 			continue;
 
 		if (ct_sip_get_header(ct, *dptr, 0, *datalen, SIP_HDR_CSEQ,
-				      &matchoff, &matchlen) <= 0)
+				      &matchoff, &matchlen) <= 0) {
+			nf_ct_helper_log(skb, ct, "cannot parse header "
+						  "in request");
 			return NF_DROP;
+		}
 		cseq = simple_strtoul(*dptr + matchoff, NULL, 10);
-		if (!cseq)
+		if (!cseq) {
+			nf_ct_helper_log(skb, ct, "cannot parse cseq "
+						  "in request");
 			return NF_DROP;
+		}
 
 		return handler->request(skb, protoff, dataoff, dptr, datalen,
 					cseq);
@@ -1498,8 +1533,10 @@ static int process_sip_msg(struct sk_buff *skb, struct nf_conn *ct,
 	if (ret == NF_ACCEPT && ct->status & IPS_NAT_MASK) {
 		nf_nat_sip = rcu_dereference(nf_nat_sip_hook);
 		if (nf_nat_sip && !nf_nat_sip(skb, protoff, dataoff,
-					      dptr, datalen))
+					      dptr, datalen)) {
+			nf_ct_helper_log(skb, ct, "cannot NAT SIP message");
 			ret = NF_DROP;
+		}
 	}
 
 	return ret;
@@ -1563,11 +1600,14 @@ static int sip_help_tcp(struct sk_buff *skb, unsigned int protoff,
 		end += strlen("\r\n\r\n") + clen;
 
 		msglen = origlen = end - dptr;
-		if (msglen > datalen)
+		if (msglen > datalen) {
+			nf_ct_helper_log(skb, ct, "incomplete/bad SIP message");
 			return NF_DROP;
+		}
 
 		ret = process_sip_msg(skb, ct, protoff, dataoff,
 				      &dptr, &msglen);
+		/* process_sip_* functions report why this packet is dropped */
 		if (ret != NF_ACCEPT)
 			break;
 		diff     = msglen - origlen;
diff --git a/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_tftp.c b/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_tftp.c
index 81fc61c..e9936c8 100644
--- a/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_tftp.c
+++ b/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_tftp.c
@@ -60,8 +60,10 @@ static int tftp_help(struct sk_buff *skb,
 		nf_ct_dump_tuple(&ct->tuplehash[IP_CT_DIR_REPLY].tuple);
 
 		exp = nf_ct_expect_alloc(ct);
-		if (exp == NULL)
+		if (exp == NULL) {
+			nf_ct_helper_log(skb, ct, "cannot alloc expectation");
 			return NF_DROP;
+		}
 		tuple = &ct->tuplehash[IP_CT_DIR_REPLY].tuple;
 		nf_ct_expect_init(exp, NF_CT_EXPECT_CLASS_DEFAULT,
 				  nf_ct_l3num(ct),
@@ -74,8 +76,10 @@ static int tftp_help(struct sk_buff *skb,
 		nf_nat_tftp = rcu_dereference(nf_nat_tftp_hook);
 		if (nf_nat_tftp && ct->status & IPS_NAT_MASK)
 			ret = nf_nat_tftp(skb, ctinfo, exp);
-		else if (nf_ct_expect_related(exp) != 0)
+		else if (nf_ct_expect_related(exp) != 0) {
+			nf_ct_helper_log(skb, ct, "cannot add expectation");
 			ret = NF_DROP;
+		}
 		nf_ct_expect_put(exp);
 		break;
 	case TFTP_OPCODE_DATA:
diff --git a/net/netfilter/nf_nat_amanda.c b/net/netfilter/nf_nat_amanda.c
index 42d3378..3b67c9d 100644
--- a/net/netfilter/nf_nat_amanda.c
+++ b/net/netfilter/nf_nat_amanda.c
@@ -56,15 +56,19 @@ static unsigned int help(struct sk_buff *skb,
 		}
 	}
 
-	if (port == 0)
+	if (port == 0) {
+		nf_ct_helper_log(skb, exp->master, "all ports in use");
 		return NF_DROP;
+	}
 
 	sprintf(buffer, "%u", port);
 	ret = nf_nat_mangle_udp_packet(skb, exp->master, ctinfo,
 				       protoff, matchoff, matchlen,
 				       buffer, strlen(buffer));
-	if (ret != NF_ACCEPT)
+	if (ret != NF_ACCEPT) {
+		nf_ct_helper_log(skb, exp->master, "cannot mangle packet");
 		nf_ct_unexpect_related(exp);
+	}
 	return ret;
 }
 
diff --git a/net/netfilter/nf_nat_ftp.c b/net/netfilter/nf_nat_ftp.c
index e839b97..e84a578 100644
--- a/net/netfilter/nf_nat_ftp.c
+++ b/net/netfilter/nf_nat_ftp.c
@@ -96,8 +96,10 @@ static unsigned int nf_nat_ftp(struct sk_buff *skb,
 		}
 	}
 
-	if (port == 0)
+	if (port == 0) {
+		nf_ct_helper_log(skb, ct, "all ports in use");
 		return NF_DROP;
+	}
 
 	buflen = nf_nat_ftp_fmt_cmd(ct, type, buffer, sizeof(buffer),
 				    &newaddr, port);
@@ -113,6 +115,7 @@ static unsigned int nf_nat_ftp(struct sk_buff *skb,
 	return NF_ACCEPT;
 
 out:
+	nf_ct_helper_log(skb, ct, "cannot mangle packet");
 	nf_ct_unexpect_related(exp);
 	return NF_DROP;
 }
diff --git a/net/netfilter/nf_nat_irc.c b/net/netfilter/nf_nat_irc.c
index 1fedee6..f02b360 100644
--- a/net/netfilter/nf_nat_irc.c
+++ b/net/netfilter/nf_nat_irc.c
@@ -56,14 +56,18 @@ static unsigned int help(struct sk_buff *skb,
 		}
 	}
 
-	if (port == 0)
+	if (port == 0) {
+		nf_ct_helper_log(skb, exp->master, "all ports in use");
 		return NF_DROP;
+	}
 
 	ret = nf_nat_mangle_tcp_packet(skb, exp->master, ctinfo,
 				       protoff, matchoff, matchlen, buffer,
 				       strlen(buffer));
-	if (ret != NF_ACCEPT)
+	if (ret != NF_ACCEPT) {
+		nf_ct_helper_log(skb, exp->master, "cannot mangle packet");
 		nf_ct_unexpect_related(exp);
+	}
 	return ret;
 }
 
diff --git a/net/netfilter/nf_nat_sip.c b/net/netfilter/nf_nat_sip.c
index 5951146e..96ccdf7 100644
--- a/net/netfilter/nf_nat_sip.c
+++ b/net/netfilter/nf_nat_sip.c
@@ -159,8 +159,10 @@ static unsigned int nf_nat_sip(struct sk_buff *skb, unsigned int protoff,
 					 &matchoff, &matchlen,
 					 &addr, &port) > 0 &&
 		    !map_addr(skb, protoff, dataoff, dptr, datalen,
-			      matchoff, matchlen, &addr, port))
+			      matchoff, matchlen, &addr, port)) {
+			nf_ct_helper_log(skb, ct, "cannot mangle SIP message");
 			return NF_DROP;
+		}
 		request = 1;
 	} else
 		request = 0;
@@ -193,8 +195,10 @@ static unsigned int nf_nat_sip(struct sk_buff *skb, unsigned int protoff,
 
 		olen = *datalen;
 		if (!map_addr(skb, protoff, dataoff, dptr, datalen,
-			      matchoff, matchlen, &addr, port))
+			      matchoff, matchlen, &addr, port)) {
+			nf_ct_helper_log(skb, ct, "cannot mangle Via header");
 			return NF_DROP;
+		}
 
 		matchend = matchoff + matchlen + *datalen - olen;
 
@@ -209,8 +213,10 @@ static unsigned int nf_nat_sip(struct sk_buff *skb, unsigned int protoff,
 					&ct->tuplehash[!dir].tuple.dst.u3,
 					true);
 			if (!mangle_packet(skb, protoff, dataoff, dptr, datalen,
-					   poff, plen, buffer, buflen))
+					   poff, plen, buffer, buflen)) {
+				nf_ct_helper_log(skb, ct, "cannot mangle maddr");
 				return NF_DROP;
+			}
 		}
 
 		/* The received= parameter (RFC 2361) contains the address
@@ -225,6 +231,7 @@ static unsigned int nf_nat_sip(struct sk_buff *skb, unsigned int protoff,
 					false);
 			if (!mangle_packet(skb, protoff, dataoff, dptr, datalen,
 					   poff, plen, buffer, buflen))
+				nf_ct_helper_log(skb, ct, "cannot mangle received");
 				return NF_DROP;
 		}
 
@@ -238,8 +245,10 @@ static unsigned int nf_nat_sip(struct sk_buff *skb, unsigned int protoff,
 			__be16 p = ct->tuplehash[!dir].tuple.src.u.udp.port;
 			buflen = sprintf(buffer, "%u", ntohs(p));
 			if (!mangle_packet(skb, protoff, dataoff, dptr, datalen,
-					   poff, plen, buffer, buflen))
+					   poff, plen, buffer, buflen)) {
+				nf_ct_helper_log(skb, ct, "cannot mangle rport");
 				return NF_DROP;
+			}
 		}
 	}
 
@@ -253,27 +262,35 @@ next:
 				       &addr, &port) > 0) {
 		if (!map_addr(skb, protoff, dataoff, dptr, datalen,
 			      matchoff, matchlen,
-			      &addr, port))
+			      &addr, port)) {
+			nf_ct_helper_log(skb, ct, "cannot mangle contact");
 			return NF_DROP;
+		}
 	}
 
 	if (!map_sip_addr(skb, protoff, dataoff, dptr, datalen, SIP_HDR_FROM) ||
-	    !map_sip_addr(skb, protoff, dataoff, dptr, datalen, SIP_HDR_TO))
+	    !map_sip_addr(skb, protoff, dataoff, dptr, datalen, SIP_HDR_TO)) {
+		nf_ct_helper_log(skb, ct, "cannot mangle SIP from/to");
 		return NF_DROP;
+	}
 
 	/* Mangle destination port for Cisco phones, then fix up checksums */
 	if (dir == IP_CT_DIR_REPLY && ct_sip_info->forced_dport) {
 		struct udphdr *uh;
 
-		if (!skb_make_writable(skb, skb->len))
+		if (!skb_make_writable(skb, skb->len)) {
+			nf_ct_helper_log(skb, ct, "cannot mangle packet");
 			return NF_DROP;
+		}
 
 		uh = (void *)skb->data + protoff;
 		uh->dest = ct_sip_info->forced_dport;
 
 		if (!nf_nat_mangle_udp_packet(skb, ct, ctinfo, protoff,
-					      0, 0, NULL, 0))
+					      0, 0, NULL, 0)) {
+			nf_ct_helper_log(skb, ct, "cannot mangle packet");
 			return NF_DROP;
+		}
 	}
 
 	return NF_ACCEPT;
@@ -372,15 +389,19 @@ static unsigned int nf_nat_sip_expect(struct sk_buff *skb, unsigned int protoff,
 		}
 	}
 
-	if (port == 0)
+	if (port == 0) {
+		nf_ct_helper_log(skb, ct, "all ports in use for SIP");
 		return NF_DROP;
+	}
 
 	if (!nf_inet_addr_cmp(&exp->tuple.dst.u3, &exp->saved_addr) ||
 	    exp->tuple.dst.u.udp.port != exp->saved_proto.udp.port) {
 		buflen = sip_sprintf_addr_port(ct, buffer, &newaddr, port);
 		if (!mangle_packet(skb, protoff, dataoff, dptr, datalen,
-				   matchoff, matchlen, buffer, buflen))
+				   matchoff, matchlen, buffer, buflen)) {
+			nf_ct_helper_log(skb, ct, "cannot mangle packet");
 			goto err;
+		}
 	}
 	return NF_ACCEPT;
 
@@ -573,14 +594,18 @@ static unsigned int nf_nat_sdp_media(struct sk_buff *skb, unsigned int protoff,
 		}
 	}
 
-	if (port == 0)
+	if (port == 0) {
+		nf_ct_helper_log(skb, ct, "all ports in use for SDP media");
 		goto err1;
+	}
 
 	/* Update media port. */
 	if (rtp_exp->tuple.dst.u.udp.port != rtp_exp->saved_proto.udp.port &&
 	    !nf_nat_sdp_port(skb, protoff, dataoff, dptr, datalen,
-			     mediaoff, medialen, port))
+			     mediaoff, medialen, port)) {
+		nf_ct_helper_log(skb, ct, "cannot mangle SDP message");
 		goto err2;
+	}
 
 	return NF_ACCEPT;
 
diff --git a/net/netfilter/nf_nat_tftp.c b/net/netfilter/nf_nat_tftp.c
index ccabbda..7f67e1d 100644
--- a/net/netfilter/nf_nat_tftp.c
+++ b/net/netfilter/nf_nat_tftp.c
@@ -28,8 +28,10 @@ static unsigned int help(struct sk_buff *skb,
 		= ct->tuplehash[IP_CT_DIR_ORIGINAL].tuple.src.u.udp.port;
 	exp->dir = IP_CT_DIR_REPLY;
 	exp->expectfn = nf_nat_follow_master;
-	if (nf_ct_expect_related(exp) != 0)
+	if (nf_ct_expect_related(exp) != 0) {
+		nf_ct_helper_log(skb, exp->master, "cannot add expectation");
 		return NF_DROP;
+	}
 	return NF_ACCEPT;
 }
 
-- 
1.7.10.4

Re: [PATCH 7/7] netfilter: nf_ct_helper: better logging for dropped packets

[Joe Perches]

On Tue, 2013-02-19 at 01:10 +0100, pablo@netfilter.org wrote:
> This patch modifies the existing code to provide more specific
> error message in the scope of each helper to help users to debug
> the reason why the packet has been dropped, ie:
[]
> diff --git a/include/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_helper.h b/include/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_helper.h
[]
> @@ -100,6 +100,9 @@ struct nf_ct_helper_expectfn {
>  	void (*expectfn)(struct nf_conn *ct, struct nf_conntrack_expect *exp);
>  };
>  
> +extern void nf_ct_helper_log(struct sk_buff *skb, const struct nf_conn *,
> +			     const char *fmt, ...);

this should be declared

__printf(3, 4)
void nf_ct_helper_log(etc...)

to get the compiler to verify format and arguments.

> @@ -210,8 +212,11 @@ static int help(struct sk_buff *skb, unsigned int protoff,
>  						 addr_beg_p - ib_ptr,
>  						 addr_end_p - addr_beg_p,
>  						 exp);
> -			else if (nf_ct_expect_related(exp) != 0)
> +			else if (nf_ct_expect_related(exp) != 0) {
> +				nf_ct_helper_log(skb, ct, "cannot add "
> +							  "expectation");

do please try to avoid splitting formats

				nf_ct_helper_log(skb, ct,
						 "cannot add expectation");

> @@ -1123,8 +1130,11 @@ static int process_sdp(struct sk_buff *skb, unsigned int protoff,
>  					      dptr, datalen, mediaoff,
>  					      SDP_HDR_CONNECTION, SDP_HDR_MEDIA,
>  					      &rtp_addr);
> -			if (ret != NF_ACCEPT)
> +			if (ret != NF_ACCEPT) {
> +				nf_ct_helper_log(skb, ct, "cannot mangle "
> +							  "media connection");

here too, etc...

Re: [PATCH 7/7] netfilter: nf_ct_helper: better logging for dropped packets

[Pablo Neira Ayuso]

[-- Attachment #1: Type: text/plain, Size: 1411 bytes --]

On Mon, Feb 18, 2013 at 04:22:02PM -0800, Joe Perches wrote:
> On Tue, 2013-02-19 at 01:10 +0100, pablo@netfilter.org wrote:
> > This patch modifies the existing code to provide more specific
> > error message in the scope of each helper to help users to debug
> > the reason why the packet has been dropped, ie:
> []
> > diff --git a/include/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_helper.h b/include/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_helper.h
> []
> > @@ -100,6 +100,9 @@ struct nf_ct_helper_expectfn {
> >  	void (*expectfn)(struct nf_conn *ct, struct nf_conntrack_expect *exp);
> >  };
> >  
> > +extern void nf_ct_helper_log(struct sk_buff *skb, const struct nf_conn *,
> > +			     const char *fmt, ...);
> 
> this should be declared
> 
> __printf(3, 4)
> void nf_ct_helper_log(etc...)

Fixed, thanks.

> to get the compiler to verify format and arguments.
> 
> > @@ -210,8 +212,11 @@ static int help(struct sk_buff *skb, unsigned int protoff,
> >  						 addr_beg_p - ib_ptr,
> >  						 addr_end_p - addr_beg_p,
> >  						 exp);
> > -			else if (nf_ct_expect_related(exp) != 0)
> > +			else if (nf_ct_expect_related(exp) != 0) {
> > +				nf_ct_helper_log(skb, ct, "cannot add "
> > +							  "expectation");
> 
> do please try to avoid splitting formats
> 
> 				nf_ct_helper_log(skb, ct,
> 						 "cannot add expectation");

Done whenever possible, sometimes I see myself forced to split them to
fit 80-chars per column.

[-- Attachment #2: 0007-netfilter-nf_ct_helper-better-logging-for-dropped-pa.patch --]
[-- Type: text/x-diff, Size: 25268 bytes --]

>From 0a477cb690ba84ab0cf98364b2f094eff3b70d6f Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Pablo Neira Ayuso <pablo@netfilter.org>
Date: Sun, 10 Feb 2013 18:56:56 +0100
Subject: [PATCH] netfilter: nf_ct_helper: better logging for dropped packets

Connection tracking helpers have to drop packets under exceptional
situations. Currently, the user gets the following logging message
in case that happens:

	nf_ct_%s: dropping packet ...

However, depending on the helper, there are different reasons why a
packet can be dropped.

This patch modifies the existing code to provide more specific
error message in the scope of each helper to help users to debug
the reason why the packet has been dropped, ie:

	nf_ct_%s: dropping packet: reason ...

Signed-off-by: Pablo Neira Ayuso <pablo@netfilter.org>
---
 include/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_helper.h    |    4 ++
 net/ipv4/netfilter/nf_conntrack_l3proto_ipv4.c |   10 +--
 net/ipv6/netfilter/nf_conntrack_l3proto_ipv6.c |    8 +--
 net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_amanda.c            |    5 +-
 net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_ftp.c               |   10 +--
 net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_h323_main.c         |    6 +-
 net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_helper.c            |   19 ++++++
 net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_irc.c               |    7 ++-
 net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_sane.c              |    5 +-
 net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_sip.c               |   80 ++++++++++++++++++------
 net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_tftp.c              |    8 ++-
 net/netfilter/nf_nat_amanda.c                  |    8 ++-
 net/netfilter/nf_nat_ftp.c                     |    5 +-
 net/netfilter/nf_nat_irc.c                     |    8 ++-
 net/netfilter/nf_nat_sip.c                     |   49 +++++++++++----
 net/netfilter/nf_nat_tftp.c                    |    4 +-
 16 files changed, 171 insertions(+), 65 deletions(-)

diff --git a/include/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_helper.h b/include/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_helper.h
index ce27edf..02cda03 100644
--- a/include/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_helper.h
+++ b/include/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_helper.h
@@ -100,6 +100,10 @@ struct nf_ct_helper_expectfn {
 	void (*expectfn)(struct nf_conn *ct, struct nf_conntrack_expect *exp);
 };
 
+extern __printf(3,4) void nf_ct_helper_log(struct sk_buff *skb,
+					   const struct nf_conn *,
+					   const char *fmt, ...);
+
 void nf_ct_helper_expectfn_register(struct nf_ct_helper_expectfn *n);
 void nf_ct_helper_expectfn_unregister(struct nf_ct_helper_expectfn *n);
 struct nf_ct_helper_expectfn *
diff --git a/net/ipv4/netfilter/nf_conntrack_l3proto_ipv4.c b/net/ipv4/netfilter/nf_conntrack_l3proto_ipv4.c
index 48990ad..2820aa1 100644
--- a/net/ipv4/netfilter/nf_conntrack_l3proto_ipv4.c
+++ b/net/ipv4/netfilter/nf_conntrack_l3proto_ipv4.c
@@ -100,7 +100,6 @@ static unsigned int ipv4_helper(unsigned int hooknum,
 	enum ip_conntrack_info ctinfo;
 	const struct nf_conn_help *help;
 	const struct nf_conntrack_helper *helper;
-	unsigned int ret;
 
 	/* This is where we call the helper: as the packet goes out. */
 	ct = nf_ct_get(skb, &ctinfo);
@@ -116,13 +115,8 @@ static unsigned int ipv4_helper(unsigned int hooknum,
 	if (!helper)
 		return NF_ACCEPT;
 
-	ret = helper->help(skb, skb_network_offset(skb) + ip_hdrlen(skb),
-			   ct, ctinfo);
-	if (ret != NF_ACCEPT && (ret & NF_VERDICT_MASK) != NF_QUEUE) {
-		nf_log_packet(NFPROTO_IPV4, hooknum, skb, in, out, NULL,
-			      "nf_ct_%s: dropping packet", helper->name);
-	}
-	return ret;
+	return helper->help(skb, skb_network_offset(skb) + ip_hdrlen(skb),
+			    ct, ctinfo);
 }
 
 static unsigned int ipv4_confirm(unsigned int hooknum,
diff --git a/net/ipv6/netfilter/nf_conntrack_l3proto_ipv6.c b/net/ipv6/netfilter/nf_conntrack_l3proto_ipv6.c
index 8a45bb2..2b6c226 100644
--- a/net/ipv6/netfilter/nf_conntrack_l3proto_ipv6.c
+++ b/net/ipv6/netfilter/nf_conntrack_l3proto_ipv6.c
@@ -104,7 +104,6 @@ static unsigned int ipv6_helper(unsigned int hooknum,
 	const struct nf_conn_help *help;
 	const struct nf_conntrack_helper *helper;
 	enum ip_conntrack_info ctinfo;
-	unsigned int ret;
 	__be16 frag_off;
 	int protoff;
 	u8 nexthdr;
@@ -130,12 +129,7 @@ static unsigned int ipv6_helper(unsigned int hooknum,
 		return NF_ACCEPT;
 	}
 
-	ret = helper->help(skb, protoff, ct, ctinfo);
-	if (ret != NF_ACCEPT && (ret & NF_VERDICT_MASK) != NF_QUEUE) {
-		nf_log_packet(NFPROTO_IPV6, hooknum, skb, in, out, NULL,
-			      "nf_ct_%s: dropping packet", helper->name);
-	}
-	return ret;
+	return helper->help(skb, protoff, ct, ctinfo);
 }
 
 static unsigned int ipv6_confirm(unsigned int hooknum,
diff --git a/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_amanda.c b/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_amanda.c
index c514fe6..dbdaa11 100644
--- a/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_amanda.c
+++ b/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_amanda.c
@@ -145,6 +145,7 @@ static int amanda_help(struct sk_buff *skb,
 
 		exp = nf_ct_expect_alloc(ct);
 		if (exp == NULL) {
+			nf_ct_helper_log(skb, ct, "cannot alloc expectation");
 			ret = NF_DROP;
 			goto out;
 		}
@@ -158,8 +159,10 @@ static int amanda_help(struct sk_buff *skb,
 		if (nf_nat_amanda && ct->status & IPS_NAT_MASK)
 			ret = nf_nat_amanda(skb, ctinfo, protoff,
 					    off - dataoff, len, exp);
-		else if (nf_ct_expect_related(exp) != 0)
+		else if (nf_ct_expect_related(exp) != 0) {
+			nf_ct_helper_log(skb, ct, "cannot add expectation");
 			ret = NF_DROP;
+		}
 		nf_ct_expect_put(exp);
 	}
 
diff --git a/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_ftp.c b/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_ftp.c
index 1ce3bef..62fb8fa 100644
--- a/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_ftp.c
+++ b/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_ftp.c
@@ -435,8 +435,8 @@ skip_nl_seq:
 		   connection tracking, not packet filtering.
 		   However, it is necessary for accurate tracking in
 		   this case. */
-		pr_debug("conntrack_ftp: partial %s %u+%u\n",
-			 search[dir][i].pattern,  ntohl(th->seq), datalen);
+		nf_ct_helper_log(skb, ct, "partial matching of `%s'",
+			         search[dir][i].pattern);
 		ret = NF_DROP;
 		goto out;
 	} else if (found == 0) { /* No match */
@@ -450,6 +450,7 @@ skip_nl_seq:
 
 	exp = nf_ct_expect_alloc(ct);
 	if (exp == NULL) {
+		nf_ct_helper_log(skb, ct, "cannot alloc expectation");
 		ret = NF_DROP;
 		goto out;
 	}
@@ -500,9 +501,10 @@ skip_nl_seq:
 				 protoff, matchoff, matchlen, exp);
 	else {
 		/* Can't expect this?  Best to drop packet now. */
-		if (nf_ct_expect_related(exp) != 0)
+		if (nf_ct_expect_related(exp) != 0) {
+			nf_ct_helper_log(skb, ct, "cannot add expectation");
 			ret = NF_DROP;
-		else
+		} else
 			ret = NF_ACCEPT;
 	}
 
diff --git a/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_h323_main.c b/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_h323_main.c
index 962795e..7df7b36 100644
--- a/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_h323_main.c
+++ b/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_h323_main.c
@@ -623,7 +623,7 @@ static int h245_help(struct sk_buff *skb, unsigned int protoff,
 
       drop:
 	spin_unlock_bh(&nf_h323_lock);
-	net_info_ratelimited("nf_ct_h245: packet dropped\n");
+	nf_ct_helper_log(skb, ct, "cannot process H.245 message");
 	return NF_DROP;
 }
 
@@ -1197,7 +1197,7 @@ static int q931_help(struct sk_buff *skb, unsigned int protoff,
 
       drop:
 	spin_unlock_bh(&nf_h323_lock);
-	net_info_ratelimited("nf_ct_q931: packet dropped\n");
+	nf_ct_helper_log(skb, ct, "cannot process Q.931 message");
 	return NF_DROP;
 }
 
@@ -1795,7 +1795,7 @@ static int ras_help(struct sk_buff *skb, unsigned int protoff,
 
       drop:
 	spin_unlock_bh(&nf_h323_lock);
-	net_info_ratelimited("nf_ct_ras: packet dropped\n");
+	nf_ct_helper_log(skb, ct, "cannot process RAS message");
 	return NF_DROP;
 }
 
diff --git a/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_helper.c b/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_helper.c
index 2f380f7..c08768d 100644
--- a/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_helper.c
+++ b/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_helper.c
@@ -28,6 +28,7 @@
 #include <net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_helper.h>
 #include <net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_core.h>
 #include <net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_extend.h>
+#include <net/netfilter/nf_log.h>
 
 static DEFINE_MUTEX(nf_ct_helper_mutex);
 struct hlist_head *nf_ct_helper_hash __read_mostly;
@@ -332,6 +333,24 @@ nf_ct_helper_expectfn_find_by_symbol(const void *symbol)
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(nf_ct_helper_expectfn_find_by_symbol);
 
+__printf(3, 4)
+void nf_ct_helper_log(struct sk_buff *skb, const struct nf_conn *ct,
+		      const char *fmt, ...)
+{
+	const struct nf_conn_help *help;
+	const struct nf_conntrack_helper *helper;
+
+	/* Called from the helper function, this call never fails */
+	help = nfct_help(ct);
+
+	/* rcu_read_lock()ed by nf_hook_slow */
+	helper = rcu_dereference(help->helper);
+
+	nf_log_packet(nf_ct_l3num(ct), 0, skb, NULL, NULL, NULL,
+		      "nf_ct_%s: dropping packet: %s ", helper->name, fmt);
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(nf_ct_helper_log);
+
 int nf_conntrack_helper_register(struct nf_conntrack_helper *me)
 {
 	int ret = 0;
diff --git a/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_irc.c b/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_irc.c
index 3b20aa7..70985c5 100644
--- a/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_irc.c
+++ b/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_irc.c
@@ -194,6 +194,8 @@ static int help(struct sk_buff *skb, unsigned int protoff,
 
 			exp = nf_ct_expect_alloc(ct);
 			if (exp == NULL) {
+				nf_ct_helper_log(skb, ct,
+						 "cannot alloc expectation");
 				ret = NF_DROP;
 				goto out;
 			}
@@ -210,8 +212,11 @@ static int help(struct sk_buff *skb, unsigned int protoff,
 						 addr_beg_p - ib_ptr,
 						 addr_end_p - addr_beg_p,
 						 exp);
-			else if (nf_ct_expect_related(exp) != 0)
+			else if (nf_ct_expect_related(exp) != 0) {
+				nf_ct_helper_log(skb, ct,
+						 "cannot add expectation");
 				ret = NF_DROP;
+			}
 			nf_ct_expect_put(exp);
 			goto out;
 		}
diff --git a/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_sane.c b/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_sane.c
index 295429f..4a2134f 100644
--- a/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_sane.c
+++ b/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_sane.c
@@ -138,6 +138,7 @@ static int help(struct sk_buff *skb,
 
 	exp = nf_ct_expect_alloc(ct);
 	if (exp == NULL) {
+		nf_ct_helper_log(skb, ct, "cannot alloc expectation");
 		ret = NF_DROP;
 		goto out;
 	}
@@ -151,8 +152,10 @@ static int help(struct sk_buff *skb,
 	nf_ct_dump_tuple(&exp->tuple);
 
 	/* Can't expect this?  Best to drop packet now. */
-	if (nf_ct_expect_related(exp) != 0)
+	if (nf_ct_expect_related(exp) != 0) {
+		nf_ct_helper_log(skb, ct, "cannot add expectation");
 		ret = NF_DROP;
+	}
 
 	nf_ct_expect_put(exp);
 
diff --git a/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_sip.c b/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_sip.c
index 72a67bb..263e693 100644
--- a/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_sip.c
+++ b/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_sip.c
@@ -1095,8 +1095,10 @@ static int process_sdp(struct sk_buff *skb, unsigned int protoff,
 		port = simple_strtoul(*dptr + mediaoff, NULL, 10);
 		if (port == 0)
 			continue;
-		if (port < 1024 || port > 65535)
+		if (port < 1024 || port > 65535) {
+			nf_ct_helper_log(skb, ct, "wrong port %u", port);
 			return NF_DROP;
+		}
 
 		/* The media description overrides the session description. */
 		maddr_len = 0;
@@ -1107,15 +1109,20 @@ static int process_sdp(struct sk_buff *skb, unsigned int protoff,
 			memcpy(&rtp_addr, &maddr, sizeof(rtp_addr));
 		} else if (caddr_len)
 			memcpy(&rtp_addr, &caddr, sizeof(rtp_addr));
-		else
+		else {
+			nf_ct_helper_log(skb, ct, "cannot parse SDP message");
 			return NF_DROP;
+		}
 
 		ret = set_expected_rtp_rtcp(skb, protoff, dataoff,
 					    dptr, datalen,
 					    &rtp_addr, htons(port), t->class,
 					    mediaoff, medialen);
-		if (ret != NF_ACCEPT)
+		if (ret != NF_ACCEPT) {
+			nf_ct_helper_log(skb, ct, "cannot add expectation for "
+						  "RTP/RTCP traffic");
 			return ret;
+		}
 
 		/* Update media connection address if present */
 		if (maddr_len && nf_nat_sdp_addr && ct->status & IPS_NAT_MASK) {
@@ -1123,8 +1130,11 @@ static int process_sdp(struct sk_buff *skb, unsigned int protoff,
 					      dptr, datalen, mediaoff,
 					      SDP_HDR_CONNECTION, SDP_HDR_MEDIA,
 					      &rtp_addr);
-			if (ret != NF_ACCEPT)
+			if (ret != NF_ACCEPT) {
+				nf_ct_helper_log(skb, ct, "cannot mangle "
+							  "media connection");
 				return ret;
+			}
 		}
 		i++;
 	}
@@ -1258,9 +1268,10 @@ static int process_register_request(struct sk_buff *skb, unsigned int protoff,
 	ret = ct_sip_parse_header_uri(ct, *dptr, NULL, *datalen,
 				      SIP_HDR_CONTACT, NULL,
 				      &matchoff, &matchlen, &daddr, &port);
-	if (ret < 0)
+	if (ret < 0) {
+		nf_ct_helper_log(skb, ct, "cannot parse register request");
 		return NF_DROP;
-	else if (ret == 0)
+	} else if (ret == 0)
 		return NF_ACCEPT;
 
 	/* We don't support third-party registrations */
@@ -1273,8 +1284,11 @@ static int process_register_request(struct sk_buff *skb, unsigned int protoff,
 
 	if (ct_sip_parse_numerical_param(ct, *dptr,
 					 matchoff + matchlen, *datalen,
-					 "expires=", NULL, NULL, &expires) < 0)
+					 "expires=", NULL, NULL, &expires) < 0) {
+		nf_ct_helper_log(skb, ct, "cannot parse numerical parameter "
+					  "in register request");
 		return NF_DROP;
+	}
 
 	if (expires == 0) {
 		ret = NF_ACCEPT;
@@ -1282,8 +1296,10 @@ static int process_register_request(struct sk_buff *skb, unsigned int protoff,
 	}
 
 	exp = nf_ct_expect_alloc(ct);
-	if (!exp)
+	if (!exp) {
+		nf_ct_helper_log(skb, ct, "cannot alloc expectation");
 		return NF_DROP;
+	}
 
 	saddr = NULL;
 	if (sip_direct_signalling)
@@ -1300,9 +1316,10 @@ static int process_register_request(struct sk_buff *skb, unsigned int protoff,
 		ret = nf_nat_sip_expect(skb, protoff, dataoff, dptr, datalen,
 					exp, matchoff, matchlen);
 	else {
-		if (nf_ct_expect_related(exp) != 0)
+		if (nf_ct_expect_related(exp) != 0) {
+			nf_ct_helper_log(skb, ct, "cannot add expectation");
 			ret = NF_DROP;
-		else
+		} else
 			ret = NF_ACCEPT;
 	}
 	nf_ct_expect_put(exp);
@@ -1356,9 +1373,11 @@ static int process_register_response(struct sk_buff *skb, unsigned int protoff,
 					      SIP_HDR_CONTACT, &in_contact,
 					      &matchoff, &matchlen,
 					      &addr, &port);
-		if (ret < 0)
+		if (ret < 0) {
+			nf_ct_helper_log(skb, ct, "cannot parse register "
+						  "response");
 			return NF_DROP;
-		else if (ret == 0)
+		} else if (ret == 0)
 			break;
 
 		/* We don't support third-party registrations */
@@ -1373,8 +1392,12 @@ static int process_register_response(struct sk_buff *skb, unsigned int protoff,
 						   matchoff + matchlen,
 						   *datalen, "expires=",
 						   NULL, NULL, &c_expires);
-		if (ret < 0)
+		if (ret < 0) {
+			nf_ct_helper_log(skb, ct, "cannot parse numerical "
+						  "parameter in register "
+						  "request");
 			return NF_DROP;
+		}
 		if (c_expires == 0)
 			break;
 		if (refresh_signalling_expectation(ct, &addr, proto, port,
@@ -1408,15 +1431,21 @@ static int process_sip_response(struct sk_buff *skb, unsigned int protoff,
 	if (*datalen < strlen("SIP/2.0 200"))
 		return NF_ACCEPT;
 	code = simple_strtoul(*dptr + strlen("SIP/2.0 "), NULL, 10);
-	if (!code)
+	if (!code) {
+		nf_ct_helper_log(skb, ct, "cannot parse code in response");
 		return NF_DROP;
+	}
 
 	if (ct_sip_get_header(ct, *dptr, 0, *datalen, SIP_HDR_CSEQ,
-			      &matchoff, &matchlen) <= 0)
+			      &matchoff, &matchlen) <= 0) {
+		nf_ct_helper_log(skb, ct, "cannot parse header in response");
 		return NF_DROP;
+	}
 	cseq = simple_strtoul(*dptr + matchoff, NULL, 10);
-	if (!cseq)
+	if (!cseq) {
+		nf_ct_helper_log(skb, ct, "cannot parse cseq in response");
 		return NF_DROP;
+	}
 	matchend = matchoff + matchlen + 1;
 
 	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(sip_handlers); i++) {
@@ -1471,11 +1500,17 @@ static int process_sip_request(struct sk_buff *skb, unsigned int protoff,
 			continue;
 
 		if (ct_sip_get_header(ct, *dptr, 0, *datalen, SIP_HDR_CSEQ,
-				      &matchoff, &matchlen) <= 0)
+				      &matchoff, &matchlen) <= 0) {
+			nf_ct_helper_log(skb, ct, "cannot parse header "
+						  "in request");
 			return NF_DROP;
+		}
 		cseq = simple_strtoul(*dptr + matchoff, NULL, 10);
-		if (!cseq)
+		if (!cseq) {
+			nf_ct_helper_log(skb, ct, "cannot parse cseq "
+						  "in request");
 			return NF_DROP;
+		}
 
 		return handler->request(skb, protoff, dataoff, dptr, datalen,
 					cseq);
@@ -1498,8 +1533,10 @@ static int process_sip_msg(struct sk_buff *skb, struct nf_conn *ct,
 	if (ret == NF_ACCEPT && ct->status & IPS_NAT_MASK) {
 		nf_nat_sip = rcu_dereference(nf_nat_sip_hook);
 		if (nf_nat_sip && !nf_nat_sip(skb, protoff, dataoff,
-					      dptr, datalen))
+					      dptr, datalen)) {
+			nf_ct_helper_log(skb, ct, "cannot NAT SIP message");
 			ret = NF_DROP;
+		}
 	}
 
 	return ret;
@@ -1563,11 +1600,14 @@ static int sip_help_tcp(struct sk_buff *skb, unsigned int protoff,
 		end += strlen("\r\n\r\n") + clen;
 
 		msglen = origlen = end - dptr;
-		if (msglen > datalen)
+		if (msglen > datalen) {
+			nf_ct_helper_log(skb, ct, "incomplete/bad SIP message");
 			return NF_DROP;
+		}
 
 		ret = process_sip_msg(skb, ct, protoff, dataoff,
 				      &dptr, &msglen);
+		/* process_sip_* functions report why this packet is dropped */
 		if (ret != NF_ACCEPT)
 			break;
 		diff     = msglen - origlen;
diff --git a/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_tftp.c b/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_tftp.c
index 81fc61c..e9936c8 100644
--- a/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_tftp.c
+++ b/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_tftp.c
@@ -60,8 +60,10 @@ static int tftp_help(struct sk_buff *skb,
 		nf_ct_dump_tuple(&ct->tuplehash[IP_CT_DIR_REPLY].tuple);
 
 		exp = nf_ct_expect_alloc(ct);
-		if (exp == NULL)
+		if (exp == NULL) {
+			nf_ct_helper_log(skb, ct, "cannot alloc expectation");
 			return NF_DROP;
+		}
 		tuple = &ct->tuplehash[IP_CT_DIR_REPLY].tuple;
 		nf_ct_expect_init(exp, NF_CT_EXPECT_CLASS_DEFAULT,
 				  nf_ct_l3num(ct),
@@ -74,8 +76,10 @@ static int tftp_help(struct sk_buff *skb,
 		nf_nat_tftp = rcu_dereference(nf_nat_tftp_hook);
 		if (nf_nat_tftp && ct->status & IPS_NAT_MASK)
 			ret = nf_nat_tftp(skb, ctinfo, exp);
-		else if (nf_ct_expect_related(exp) != 0)
+		else if (nf_ct_expect_related(exp) != 0) {
+			nf_ct_helper_log(skb, ct, "cannot add expectation");
 			ret = NF_DROP;
+		}
 		nf_ct_expect_put(exp);
 		break;
 	case TFTP_OPCODE_DATA:
diff --git a/net/netfilter/nf_nat_amanda.c b/net/netfilter/nf_nat_amanda.c
index 42d3378..3b67c9d 100644
--- a/net/netfilter/nf_nat_amanda.c
+++ b/net/netfilter/nf_nat_amanda.c
@@ -56,15 +56,19 @@ static unsigned int help(struct sk_buff *skb,
 		}
 	}
 
-	if (port == 0)
+	if (port == 0) {
+		nf_ct_helper_log(skb, exp->master, "all ports in use");
 		return NF_DROP;
+	}
 
 	sprintf(buffer, "%u", port);
 	ret = nf_nat_mangle_udp_packet(skb, exp->master, ctinfo,
 				       protoff, matchoff, matchlen,
 				       buffer, strlen(buffer));
-	if (ret != NF_ACCEPT)
+	if (ret != NF_ACCEPT) {
+		nf_ct_helper_log(skb, exp->master, "cannot mangle packet");
 		nf_ct_unexpect_related(exp);
+	}
 	return ret;
 }
 
diff --git a/net/netfilter/nf_nat_ftp.c b/net/netfilter/nf_nat_ftp.c
index e839b97..e84a578 100644
--- a/net/netfilter/nf_nat_ftp.c
+++ b/net/netfilter/nf_nat_ftp.c
@@ -96,8 +96,10 @@ static unsigned int nf_nat_ftp(struct sk_buff *skb,
 		}
 	}
 
-	if (port == 0)
+	if (port == 0) {
+		nf_ct_helper_log(skb, ct, "all ports in use");
 		return NF_DROP;
+	}
 
 	buflen = nf_nat_ftp_fmt_cmd(ct, type, buffer, sizeof(buffer),
 				    &newaddr, port);
@@ -113,6 +115,7 @@ static unsigned int nf_nat_ftp(struct sk_buff *skb,
 	return NF_ACCEPT;
 
 out:
+	nf_ct_helper_log(skb, ct, "cannot mangle packet");
 	nf_ct_unexpect_related(exp);
 	return NF_DROP;
 }
diff --git a/net/netfilter/nf_nat_irc.c b/net/netfilter/nf_nat_irc.c
index 1fedee6..f02b360 100644
--- a/net/netfilter/nf_nat_irc.c
+++ b/net/netfilter/nf_nat_irc.c
@@ -56,14 +56,18 @@ static unsigned int help(struct sk_buff *skb,
 		}
 	}
 
-	if (port == 0)
+	if (port == 0) {
+		nf_ct_helper_log(skb, exp->master, "all ports in use");
 		return NF_DROP;
+	}
 
 	ret = nf_nat_mangle_tcp_packet(skb, exp->master, ctinfo,
 				       protoff, matchoff, matchlen, buffer,
 				       strlen(buffer));
-	if (ret != NF_ACCEPT)
+	if (ret != NF_ACCEPT) {
+		nf_ct_helper_log(skb, exp->master, "cannot mangle packet");
 		nf_ct_unexpect_related(exp);
+	}
 	return ret;
 }
 
diff --git a/net/netfilter/nf_nat_sip.c b/net/netfilter/nf_nat_sip.c
index 5951146e..96ccdf7 100644
--- a/net/netfilter/nf_nat_sip.c
+++ b/net/netfilter/nf_nat_sip.c
@@ -159,8 +159,10 @@ static unsigned int nf_nat_sip(struct sk_buff *skb, unsigned int protoff,
 					 &matchoff, &matchlen,
 					 &addr, &port) > 0 &&
 		    !map_addr(skb, protoff, dataoff, dptr, datalen,
-			      matchoff, matchlen, &addr, port))
+			      matchoff, matchlen, &addr, port)) {
+			nf_ct_helper_log(skb, ct, "cannot mangle SIP message");
 			return NF_DROP;
+		}
 		request = 1;
 	} else
 		request = 0;
@@ -193,8 +195,10 @@ static unsigned int nf_nat_sip(struct sk_buff *skb, unsigned int protoff,
 
 		olen = *datalen;
 		if (!map_addr(skb, protoff, dataoff, dptr, datalen,
-			      matchoff, matchlen, &addr, port))
+			      matchoff, matchlen, &addr, port)) {
+			nf_ct_helper_log(skb, ct, "cannot mangle Via header");
 			return NF_DROP;
+		}
 
 		matchend = matchoff + matchlen + *datalen - olen;
 
@@ -209,8 +213,10 @@ static unsigned int nf_nat_sip(struct sk_buff *skb, unsigned int protoff,
 					&ct->tuplehash[!dir].tuple.dst.u3,
 					true);
 			if (!mangle_packet(skb, protoff, dataoff, dptr, datalen,
-					   poff, plen, buffer, buflen))
+					   poff, plen, buffer, buflen)) {
+				nf_ct_helper_log(skb, ct, "cannot mangle maddr");
 				return NF_DROP;
+			}
 		}
 
 		/* The received= parameter (RFC 2361) contains the address
@@ -225,6 +231,7 @@ static unsigned int nf_nat_sip(struct sk_buff *skb, unsigned int protoff,
 					false);
 			if (!mangle_packet(skb, protoff, dataoff, dptr, datalen,
 					   poff, plen, buffer, buflen))
+				nf_ct_helper_log(skb, ct, "cannot mangle received");
 				return NF_DROP;
 		}
 
@@ -238,8 +245,10 @@ static unsigned int nf_nat_sip(struct sk_buff *skb, unsigned int protoff,
 			__be16 p = ct->tuplehash[!dir].tuple.src.u.udp.port;
 			buflen = sprintf(buffer, "%u", ntohs(p));
 			if (!mangle_packet(skb, protoff, dataoff, dptr, datalen,
-					   poff, plen, buffer, buflen))
+					   poff, plen, buffer, buflen)) {
+				nf_ct_helper_log(skb, ct, "cannot mangle rport");
 				return NF_DROP;
+			}
 		}
 	}
 
@@ -253,27 +262,35 @@ next:
 				       &addr, &port) > 0) {
 		if (!map_addr(skb, protoff, dataoff, dptr, datalen,
 			      matchoff, matchlen,
-			      &addr, port))
+			      &addr, port)) {
+			nf_ct_helper_log(skb, ct, "cannot mangle contact");
 			return NF_DROP;
+		}
 	}
 
 	if (!map_sip_addr(skb, protoff, dataoff, dptr, datalen, SIP_HDR_FROM) ||
-	    !map_sip_addr(skb, protoff, dataoff, dptr, datalen, SIP_HDR_TO))
+	    !map_sip_addr(skb, protoff, dataoff, dptr, datalen, SIP_HDR_TO)) {
+		nf_ct_helper_log(skb, ct, "cannot mangle SIP from/to");
 		return NF_DROP;
+	}
 
 	/* Mangle destination port for Cisco phones, then fix up checksums */
 	if (dir == IP_CT_DIR_REPLY && ct_sip_info->forced_dport) {
 		struct udphdr *uh;
 
-		if (!skb_make_writable(skb, skb->len))
+		if (!skb_make_writable(skb, skb->len)) {
+			nf_ct_helper_log(skb, ct, "cannot mangle packet");
 			return NF_DROP;
+		}
 
 		uh = (void *)skb->data + protoff;
 		uh->dest = ct_sip_info->forced_dport;
 
 		if (!nf_nat_mangle_udp_packet(skb, ct, ctinfo, protoff,
-					      0, 0, NULL, 0))
+					      0, 0, NULL, 0)) {
+			nf_ct_helper_log(skb, ct, "cannot mangle packet");
 			return NF_DROP;
+		}
 	}
 
 	return NF_ACCEPT;
@@ -372,15 +389,19 @@ static unsigned int nf_nat_sip_expect(struct sk_buff *skb, unsigned int protoff,
 		}
 	}
 
-	if (port == 0)
+	if (port == 0) {
+		nf_ct_helper_log(skb, ct, "all ports in use for SIP");
 		return NF_DROP;
+	}
 
 	if (!nf_inet_addr_cmp(&exp->tuple.dst.u3, &exp->saved_addr) ||
 	    exp->tuple.dst.u.udp.port != exp->saved_proto.udp.port) {
 		buflen = sip_sprintf_addr_port(ct, buffer, &newaddr, port);
 		if (!mangle_packet(skb, protoff, dataoff, dptr, datalen,
-				   matchoff, matchlen, buffer, buflen))
+				   matchoff, matchlen, buffer, buflen)) {
+			nf_ct_helper_log(skb, ct, "cannot mangle packet");
 			goto err;
+		}
 	}
 	return NF_ACCEPT;
 
@@ -573,14 +594,18 @@ static unsigned int nf_nat_sdp_media(struct sk_buff *skb, unsigned int protoff,
 		}
 	}
 
-	if (port == 0)
+	if (port == 0) {
+		nf_ct_helper_log(skb, ct, "all ports in use for SDP media");
 		goto err1;
+	}
 
 	/* Update media port. */
 	if (rtp_exp->tuple.dst.u.udp.port != rtp_exp->saved_proto.udp.port &&
 	    !nf_nat_sdp_port(skb, protoff, dataoff, dptr, datalen,
-			     mediaoff, medialen, port))
+			     mediaoff, medialen, port)) {
+		nf_ct_helper_log(skb, ct, "cannot mangle SDP message");
 		goto err2;
+	}
 
 	return NF_ACCEPT;
 
diff --git a/net/netfilter/nf_nat_tftp.c b/net/netfilter/nf_nat_tftp.c
index ccabbda..7f67e1d 100644
--- a/net/netfilter/nf_nat_tftp.c
+++ b/net/netfilter/nf_nat_tftp.c
@@ -28,8 +28,10 @@ static unsigned int help(struct sk_buff *skb,
 		= ct->tuplehash[IP_CT_DIR_ORIGINAL].tuple.src.u.udp.port;
 	exp->dir = IP_CT_DIR_REPLY;
 	exp->expectfn = nf_nat_follow_master;
-	if (nf_ct_expect_related(exp) != 0)
+	if (nf_ct_expect_related(exp) != 0) {
+		nf_ct_helper_log(skb, exp->master, "cannot add expectation");
 		return NF_DROP;
+	}
 	return NF_ACCEPT;
 }
 
-- 
1.7.10.4

Re: [PATCH 7/7] netfilter: nf_ct_helper: better logging for dropped packets

[Joe Perches]

On Tue, 2013-02-19 at 02:11 +0100, Pablo Neira Ayuso wrote:
> On Mon, Feb 18, 2013 at 04:22:02PM -0800, Joe Perches wrote:
> > On Tue, 2013-02-19 at 01:10 +0100, pablo@netfilter.org wrote:
> > > This patch modifies the existing code to provide more specific
> > > error message in the scope of each helper to help users to debug
> > > the reason why the packet has been dropped, ie:
> > []
> > > diff --git a/include/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_helper.h b/include/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_helper.h
> > []
[]
> > do please try to avoid splitting formats
> > 
> > 				nf_ct_helper_log(skb, ct,
> > 						 "cannot add expectation");
> 
> Done whenever possible, sometimes I see myself forced to split them to
> fit 80-chars per column.

It's always possible.

Just ignore line length limitations for formats.

If the formats are on a separate line, checkpatch
won't complain either.

If nf_cg_helper_log was named nf_cg_helper_printk
checkpatch wouldn't complain if the original line
with format was > 80 cols

		nf_ct_helper_printk(skb, ct, "some really long format past 80 cols ...");

but then the log isn't really a printk either and
that's a checkpatch limitation on understanding
what is and isn't a logging output function.

Re: [PATCH 7/7] netfilter: nf_ct_helper: better logging for dropped packets

[Pablo Neira Ayuso]

[-- Attachment #1: Type: text/plain, Size: 1503 bytes --]

On Mon, Feb 18, 2013 at 05:23:37PM -0800, Joe Perches wrote:
> On Tue, 2013-02-19 at 02:11 +0100, Pablo Neira Ayuso wrote:
> > On Mon, Feb 18, 2013 at 04:22:02PM -0800, Joe Perches wrote:
> > > On Tue, 2013-02-19 at 01:10 +0100, pablo@netfilter.org wrote:
> > > > This patch modifies the existing code to provide more specific
> > > > error message in the scope of each helper to help users to debug
> > > > the reason why the packet has been dropped, ie:
> > > []
> > > > diff --git a/include/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_helper.h b/include/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_helper.h
> > > []
> []
> > > do please try to avoid splitting formats
> > > 
> > > 				nf_ct_helper_log(skb, ct,
> > > 						 "cannot add expectation");
> > 
> > Done whenever possible, sometimes I see myself forced to split them to
> > fit 80-chars per column.
> 
> It's always possible.
> 
> Just ignore line length limitations for formats.
> 
> If the formats are on a separate line, checkpatch
> won't complain either.
> 
> If nf_cg_helper_log was named nf_cg_helper_printk
> checkpatch wouldn't complain if the original line
> with format was > 80 cols
> 
> 		nf_ct_helper_printk(skb, ct, "some really long format past 80 cols ...");
> 
> but then the log isn't really a printk either and
> that's a checkpatch limitation on understanding
> what is and isn't a logging output function.

I have shortened several log descriptions, that should help. New patch attached.

Thanks for the explanation, will be useful for the next time.

[-- Attachment #2: 0007-netfilter-nf_ct_helper-better-logging-for-dropped-pa.patch --]
[-- Type: text/x-diff, Size: 25011 bytes --]

>From e91e8b6a6f65c46484ca876ee26b53ab04aa389c Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Pablo Neira Ayuso <pablo@netfilter.org>
Date: Sun, 10 Feb 2013 18:56:56 +0100
Subject: [PATCH 7/7] netfilter: nf_ct_helper: better logging for dropped packets

Connection tracking helpers have to drop packets under exceptional
situations. Currently, the user gets the following logging message
in case that happens:

	nf_ct_%s: dropping packet ...

However, depending on the helper, there are different reasons why a
packet can be dropped.

This patch modifies the existing code to provide more specific
error message in the scope of each helper to help users to debug
the reason why the packet has been dropped, ie:

	nf_ct_%s: dropping packet: reason ...

Signed-off-by: Pablo Neira Ayuso <pablo@netfilter.org>
---
 include/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_helper.h    |    4 ++
 net/ipv4/netfilter/nf_conntrack_l3proto_ipv4.c |   10 +---
 net/ipv6/netfilter/nf_conntrack_l3proto_ipv6.c |    8 +--
 net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_amanda.c            |    5 +-
 net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_ftp.c               |   10 ++--
 net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_h323_main.c         |    6 +-
 net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_helper.c            |   19 ++++++
 net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_irc.c               |    7 ++-
 net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_sane.c              |    5 +-
 net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_sip.c               |   73 +++++++++++++++++-------
 net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_tftp.c              |    8 ++-
 net/netfilter/nf_nat_amanda.c                  |    8 ++-
 net/netfilter/nf_nat_ftp.c                     |    5 +-
 net/netfilter/nf_nat_irc.c                     |    8 ++-
 net/netfilter/nf_nat_sip.c                     |   49 ++++++++++++----
 net/netfilter/nf_nat_tftp.c                    |    4 +-
 16 files changed, 164 insertions(+), 65 deletions(-)

diff --git a/include/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_helper.h b/include/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_helper.h
index ce27edf..02cda03 100644
--- a/include/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_helper.h
+++ b/include/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_helper.h
@@ -100,6 +100,10 @@ struct nf_ct_helper_expectfn {
 	void (*expectfn)(struct nf_conn *ct, struct nf_conntrack_expect *exp);
 };
 
+extern __printf(3,4) void nf_ct_helper_log(struct sk_buff *skb,
+					   const struct nf_conn *,
+					   const char *fmt, ...);
+
 void nf_ct_helper_expectfn_register(struct nf_ct_helper_expectfn *n);
 void nf_ct_helper_expectfn_unregister(struct nf_ct_helper_expectfn *n);
 struct nf_ct_helper_expectfn *
diff --git a/net/ipv4/netfilter/nf_conntrack_l3proto_ipv4.c b/net/ipv4/netfilter/nf_conntrack_l3proto_ipv4.c
index 48990ad..2820aa1 100644
--- a/net/ipv4/netfilter/nf_conntrack_l3proto_ipv4.c
+++ b/net/ipv4/netfilter/nf_conntrack_l3proto_ipv4.c
@@ -100,7 +100,6 @@ static unsigned int ipv4_helper(unsigned int hooknum,
 	enum ip_conntrack_info ctinfo;
 	const struct nf_conn_help *help;
 	const struct nf_conntrack_helper *helper;
-	unsigned int ret;
 
 	/* This is where we call the helper: as the packet goes out. */
 	ct = nf_ct_get(skb, &ctinfo);
@@ -116,13 +115,8 @@ static unsigned int ipv4_helper(unsigned int hooknum,
 	if (!helper)
 		return NF_ACCEPT;
 
-	ret = helper->help(skb, skb_network_offset(skb) + ip_hdrlen(skb),
-			   ct, ctinfo);
-	if (ret != NF_ACCEPT && (ret & NF_VERDICT_MASK) != NF_QUEUE) {
-		nf_log_packet(NFPROTO_IPV4, hooknum, skb, in, out, NULL,
-			      "nf_ct_%s: dropping packet", helper->name);
-	}
-	return ret;
+	return helper->help(skb, skb_network_offset(skb) + ip_hdrlen(skb),
+			    ct, ctinfo);
 }
 
 static unsigned int ipv4_confirm(unsigned int hooknum,
diff --git a/net/ipv6/netfilter/nf_conntrack_l3proto_ipv6.c b/net/ipv6/netfilter/nf_conntrack_l3proto_ipv6.c
index 8a45bb2..2b6c226 100644
--- a/net/ipv6/netfilter/nf_conntrack_l3proto_ipv6.c
+++ b/net/ipv6/netfilter/nf_conntrack_l3proto_ipv6.c
@@ -104,7 +104,6 @@ static unsigned int ipv6_helper(unsigned int hooknum,
 	const struct nf_conn_help *help;
 	const struct nf_conntrack_helper *helper;
 	enum ip_conntrack_info ctinfo;
-	unsigned int ret;
 	__be16 frag_off;
 	int protoff;
 	u8 nexthdr;
@@ -130,12 +129,7 @@ static unsigned int ipv6_helper(unsigned int hooknum,
 		return NF_ACCEPT;
 	}
 
-	ret = helper->help(skb, protoff, ct, ctinfo);
-	if (ret != NF_ACCEPT && (ret & NF_VERDICT_MASK) != NF_QUEUE) {
-		nf_log_packet(NFPROTO_IPV6, hooknum, skb, in, out, NULL,
-			      "nf_ct_%s: dropping packet", helper->name);
-	}
-	return ret;
+	return helper->help(skb, protoff, ct, ctinfo);
 }
 
 static unsigned int ipv6_confirm(unsigned int hooknum,
diff --git a/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_amanda.c b/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_amanda.c
index c514fe6..dbdaa11 100644
--- a/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_amanda.c
+++ b/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_amanda.c
@@ -145,6 +145,7 @@ static int amanda_help(struct sk_buff *skb,
 
 		exp = nf_ct_expect_alloc(ct);
 		if (exp == NULL) {
+			nf_ct_helper_log(skb, ct, "cannot alloc expectation");
 			ret = NF_DROP;
 			goto out;
 		}
@@ -158,8 +159,10 @@ static int amanda_help(struct sk_buff *skb,
 		if (nf_nat_amanda && ct->status & IPS_NAT_MASK)
 			ret = nf_nat_amanda(skb, ctinfo, protoff,
 					    off - dataoff, len, exp);
-		else if (nf_ct_expect_related(exp) != 0)
+		else if (nf_ct_expect_related(exp) != 0) {
+			nf_ct_helper_log(skb, ct, "cannot add expectation");
 			ret = NF_DROP;
+		}
 		nf_ct_expect_put(exp);
 	}
 
diff --git a/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_ftp.c b/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_ftp.c
index 1ce3bef..62fb8fa 100644
--- a/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_ftp.c
+++ b/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_ftp.c
@@ -435,8 +435,8 @@ skip_nl_seq:
 		   connection tracking, not packet filtering.
 		   However, it is necessary for accurate tracking in
 		   this case. */
-		pr_debug("conntrack_ftp: partial %s %u+%u\n",
-			 search[dir][i].pattern,  ntohl(th->seq), datalen);
+		nf_ct_helper_log(skb, ct, "partial matching of `%s'",
+			         search[dir][i].pattern);
 		ret = NF_DROP;
 		goto out;
 	} else if (found == 0) { /* No match */
@@ -450,6 +450,7 @@ skip_nl_seq:
 
 	exp = nf_ct_expect_alloc(ct);
 	if (exp == NULL) {
+		nf_ct_helper_log(skb, ct, "cannot alloc expectation");
 		ret = NF_DROP;
 		goto out;
 	}
@@ -500,9 +501,10 @@ skip_nl_seq:
 				 protoff, matchoff, matchlen, exp);
 	else {
 		/* Can't expect this?  Best to drop packet now. */
-		if (nf_ct_expect_related(exp) != 0)
+		if (nf_ct_expect_related(exp) != 0) {
+			nf_ct_helper_log(skb, ct, "cannot add expectation");
 			ret = NF_DROP;
-		else
+		} else
 			ret = NF_ACCEPT;
 	}
 
diff --git a/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_h323_main.c b/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_h323_main.c
index 962795e..7df7b36 100644
--- a/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_h323_main.c
+++ b/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_h323_main.c
@@ -623,7 +623,7 @@ static int h245_help(struct sk_buff *skb, unsigned int protoff,
 
       drop:
 	spin_unlock_bh(&nf_h323_lock);
-	net_info_ratelimited("nf_ct_h245: packet dropped\n");
+	nf_ct_helper_log(skb, ct, "cannot process H.245 message");
 	return NF_DROP;
 }
 
@@ -1197,7 +1197,7 @@ static int q931_help(struct sk_buff *skb, unsigned int protoff,
 
       drop:
 	spin_unlock_bh(&nf_h323_lock);
-	net_info_ratelimited("nf_ct_q931: packet dropped\n");
+	nf_ct_helper_log(skb, ct, "cannot process Q.931 message");
 	return NF_DROP;
 }
 
@@ -1795,7 +1795,7 @@ static int ras_help(struct sk_buff *skb, unsigned int protoff,
 
       drop:
 	spin_unlock_bh(&nf_h323_lock);
-	net_info_ratelimited("nf_ct_ras: packet dropped\n");
+	nf_ct_helper_log(skb, ct, "cannot process RAS message");
 	return NF_DROP;
 }
 
diff --git a/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_helper.c b/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_helper.c
index 2f380f7..c08768d 100644
--- a/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_helper.c
+++ b/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_helper.c
@@ -28,6 +28,7 @@
 #include <net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_helper.h>
 #include <net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_core.h>
 #include <net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_extend.h>
+#include <net/netfilter/nf_log.h>
 
 static DEFINE_MUTEX(nf_ct_helper_mutex);
 struct hlist_head *nf_ct_helper_hash __read_mostly;
@@ -332,6 +333,24 @@ nf_ct_helper_expectfn_find_by_symbol(const void *symbol)
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(nf_ct_helper_expectfn_find_by_symbol);
 
+__printf(3, 4)
+void nf_ct_helper_log(struct sk_buff *skb, const struct nf_conn *ct,
+		      const char *fmt, ...)
+{
+	const struct nf_conn_help *help;
+	const struct nf_conntrack_helper *helper;
+
+	/* Called from the helper function, this call never fails */
+	help = nfct_help(ct);
+
+	/* rcu_read_lock()ed by nf_hook_slow */
+	helper = rcu_dereference(help->helper);
+
+	nf_log_packet(nf_ct_l3num(ct), 0, skb, NULL, NULL, NULL,
+		      "nf_ct_%s: dropping packet: %s ", helper->name, fmt);
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(nf_ct_helper_log);
+
 int nf_conntrack_helper_register(struct nf_conntrack_helper *me)
 {
 	int ret = 0;
diff --git a/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_irc.c b/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_irc.c
index 3b20aa7..70985c5 100644
--- a/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_irc.c
+++ b/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_irc.c
@@ -194,6 +194,8 @@ static int help(struct sk_buff *skb, unsigned int protoff,
 
 			exp = nf_ct_expect_alloc(ct);
 			if (exp == NULL) {
+				nf_ct_helper_log(skb, ct,
+						 "cannot alloc expectation");
 				ret = NF_DROP;
 				goto out;
 			}
@@ -210,8 +212,11 @@ static int help(struct sk_buff *skb, unsigned int protoff,
 						 addr_beg_p - ib_ptr,
 						 addr_end_p - addr_beg_p,
 						 exp);
-			else if (nf_ct_expect_related(exp) != 0)
+			else if (nf_ct_expect_related(exp) != 0) {
+				nf_ct_helper_log(skb, ct,
+						 "cannot add expectation");
 				ret = NF_DROP;
+			}
 			nf_ct_expect_put(exp);
 			goto out;
 		}
diff --git a/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_sane.c b/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_sane.c
index 295429f..4a2134f 100644
--- a/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_sane.c
+++ b/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_sane.c
@@ -138,6 +138,7 @@ static int help(struct sk_buff *skb,
 
 	exp = nf_ct_expect_alloc(ct);
 	if (exp == NULL) {
+		nf_ct_helper_log(skb, ct, "cannot alloc expectation");
 		ret = NF_DROP;
 		goto out;
 	}
@@ -151,8 +152,10 @@ static int help(struct sk_buff *skb,
 	nf_ct_dump_tuple(&exp->tuple);
 
 	/* Can't expect this?  Best to drop packet now. */
-	if (nf_ct_expect_related(exp) != 0)
+	if (nf_ct_expect_related(exp) != 0) {
+		nf_ct_helper_log(skb, ct, "cannot add expectation");
 		ret = NF_DROP;
+	}
 
 	nf_ct_expect_put(exp);
 
diff --git a/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_sip.c b/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_sip.c
index 72a67bb..069229d 100644
--- a/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_sip.c
+++ b/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_sip.c
@@ -1095,8 +1095,10 @@ static int process_sdp(struct sk_buff *skb, unsigned int protoff,
 		port = simple_strtoul(*dptr + mediaoff, NULL, 10);
 		if (port == 0)
 			continue;
-		if (port < 1024 || port > 65535)
+		if (port < 1024 || port > 65535) {
+			nf_ct_helper_log(skb, ct, "wrong port %u", port);
 			return NF_DROP;
+		}
 
 		/* The media description overrides the session description. */
 		maddr_len = 0;
@@ -1107,15 +1109,20 @@ static int process_sdp(struct sk_buff *skb, unsigned int protoff,
 			memcpy(&rtp_addr, &maddr, sizeof(rtp_addr));
 		} else if (caddr_len)
 			memcpy(&rtp_addr, &caddr, sizeof(rtp_addr));
-		else
+		else {
+			nf_ct_helper_log(skb, ct, "cannot parse SDP message");
 			return NF_DROP;
+		}
 
 		ret = set_expected_rtp_rtcp(skb, protoff, dataoff,
 					    dptr, datalen,
 					    &rtp_addr, htons(port), t->class,
 					    mediaoff, medialen);
-		if (ret != NF_ACCEPT)
+		if (ret != NF_ACCEPT) {
+			nf_ct_helper_log(skb, ct,
+					 "cannot add expectation for voice");
 			return ret;
+		}
 
 		/* Update media connection address if present */
 		if (maddr_len && nf_nat_sdp_addr && ct->status & IPS_NAT_MASK) {
@@ -1123,8 +1130,10 @@ static int process_sdp(struct sk_buff *skb, unsigned int protoff,
 					      dptr, datalen, mediaoff,
 					      SDP_HDR_CONNECTION, SDP_HDR_MEDIA,
 					      &rtp_addr);
-			if (ret != NF_ACCEPT)
+			if (ret != NF_ACCEPT) {
+				nf_ct_helper_log(skb, ct, "cannot mangle SDP");
 				return ret;
+			}
 		}
 		i++;
 	}
@@ -1258,9 +1267,10 @@ static int process_register_request(struct sk_buff *skb, unsigned int protoff,
 	ret = ct_sip_parse_header_uri(ct, *dptr, NULL, *datalen,
 				      SIP_HDR_CONTACT, NULL,
 				      &matchoff, &matchlen, &daddr, &port);
-	if (ret < 0)
+	if (ret < 0) {
+		nf_ct_helper_log(skb, ct, "cannot parse contact");
 		return NF_DROP;
-	else if (ret == 0)
+	} else if (ret == 0)
 		return NF_ACCEPT;
 
 	/* We don't support third-party registrations */
@@ -1273,8 +1283,10 @@ static int process_register_request(struct sk_buff *skb, unsigned int protoff,
 
 	if (ct_sip_parse_numerical_param(ct, *dptr,
 					 matchoff + matchlen, *datalen,
-					 "expires=", NULL, NULL, &expires) < 0)
+					 "expires=", NULL, NULL, &expires) < 0) {
+		nf_ct_helper_log(skb, ct, "cannot parse expires");
 		return NF_DROP;
+	}
 
 	if (expires == 0) {
 		ret = NF_ACCEPT;
@@ -1282,8 +1294,10 @@ static int process_register_request(struct sk_buff *skb, unsigned int protoff,
 	}
 
 	exp = nf_ct_expect_alloc(ct);
-	if (!exp)
+	if (!exp) {
+		nf_ct_helper_log(skb, ct, "cannot alloc expectation");
 		return NF_DROP;
+	}
 
 	saddr = NULL;
 	if (sip_direct_signalling)
@@ -1300,9 +1314,10 @@ static int process_register_request(struct sk_buff *skb, unsigned int protoff,
 		ret = nf_nat_sip_expect(skb, protoff, dataoff, dptr, datalen,
 					exp, matchoff, matchlen);
 	else {
-		if (nf_ct_expect_related(exp) != 0)
+		if (nf_ct_expect_related(exp) != 0) {
+			nf_ct_helper_log(skb, ct, "cannot add expectation");
 			ret = NF_DROP;
-		else
+		} else
 			ret = NF_ACCEPT;
 	}
 	nf_ct_expect_put(exp);
@@ -1356,9 +1371,10 @@ static int process_register_response(struct sk_buff *skb, unsigned int protoff,
 					      SIP_HDR_CONTACT, &in_contact,
 					      &matchoff, &matchlen,
 					      &addr, &port);
-		if (ret < 0)
+		if (ret < 0) {
+			nf_ct_helper_log(skb, ct, "cannot parse contact");
 			return NF_DROP;
-		else if (ret == 0)
+		} else if (ret == 0)
 			break;
 
 		/* We don't support third-party registrations */
@@ -1373,8 +1389,10 @@ static int process_register_response(struct sk_buff *skb, unsigned int protoff,
 						   matchoff + matchlen,
 						   *datalen, "expires=",
 						   NULL, NULL, &c_expires);
-		if (ret < 0)
+		if (ret < 0) {
+			nf_ct_helper_log(skb, ct, "cannot parse expires");
 			return NF_DROP;
+		}
 		if (c_expires == 0)
 			break;
 		if (refresh_signalling_expectation(ct, &addr, proto, port,
@@ -1408,15 +1426,21 @@ static int process_sip_response(struct sk_buff *skb, unsigned int protoff,
 	if (*datalen < strlen("SIP/2.0 200"))
 		return NF_ACCEPT;
 	code = simple_strtoul(*dptr + strlen("SIP/2.0 "), NULL, 10);
-	if (!code)
+	if (!code) {
+		nf_ct_helper_log(skb, ct, "cannot get code");
 		return NF_DROP;
+	}
 
 	if (ct_sip_get_header(ct, *dptr, 0, *datalen, SIP_HDR_CSEQ,
-			      &matchoff, &matchlen) <= 0)
+			      &matchoff, &matchlen) <= 0) {
+		nf_ct_helper_log(skb, ct, "cannot parse cseq");
 		return NF_DROP;
+	}
 	cseq = simple_strtoul(*dptr + matchoff, NULL, 10);
-	if (!cseq)
+	if (!cseq) {
+		nf_ct_helper_log(skb, ct, "cannot get cseq");
 		return NF_DROP;
+	}
 	matchend = matchoff + matchlen + 1;
 
 	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(sip_handlers); i++) {
@@ -1471,11 +1495,15 @@ static int process_sip_request(struct sk_buff *skb, unsigned int protoff,
 			continue;
 
 		if (ct_sip_get_header(ct, *dptr, 0, *datalen, SIP_HDR_CSEQ,
-				      &matchoff, &matchlen) <= 0)
+				      &matchoff, &matchlen) <= 0) {
+			nf_ct_helper_log(skb, ct, "cannot parse cseq");
 			return NF_DROP;
+		}
 		cseq = simple_strtoul(*dptr + matchoff, NULL, 10);
-		if (!cseq)
+		if (!cseq) {
+			nf_ct_helper_log(skb, ct, "cannot get cseq");
 			return NF_DROP;
+		}
 
 		return handler->request(skb, protoff, dataoff, dptr, datalen,
 					cseq);
@@ -1498,8 +1526,10 @@ static int process_sip_msg(struct sk_buff *skb, struct nf_conn *ct,
 	if (ret == NF_ACCEPT && ct->status & IPS_NAT_MASK) {
 		nf_nat_sip = rcu_dereference(nf_nat_sip_hook);
 		if (nf_nat_sip && !nf_nat_sip(skb, protoff, dataoff,
-					      dptr, datalen))
+					      dptr, datalen)) {
+			nf_ct_helper_log(skb, ct, "cannot NAT SIP message");
 			ret = NF_DROP;
+		}
 	}
 
 	return ret;
@@ -1563,11 +1593,14 @@ static int sip_help_tcp(struct sk_buff *skb, unsigned int protoff,
 		end += strlen("\r\n\r\n") + clen;
 
 		msglen = origlen = end - dptr;
-		if (msglen > datalen)
+		if (msglen > datalen) {
+			nf_ct_helper_log(skb, ct, "incomplete/bad SIP message");
 			return NF_DROP;
+		}
 
 		ret = process_sip_msg(skb, ct, protoff, dataoff,
 				      &dptr, &msglen);
+		/* process_sip_* functions report why this packet is dropped */
 		if (ret != NF_ACCEPT)
 			break;
 		diff     = msglen - origlen;
diff --git a/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_tftp.c b/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_tftp.c
index 81fc61c..e9936c8 100644
--- a/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_tftp.c
+++ b/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_tftp.c
@@ -60,8 +60,10 @@ static int tftp_help(struct sk_buff *skb,
 		nf_ct_dump_tuple(&ct->tuplehash[IP_CT_DIR_REPLY].tuple);
 
 		exp = nf_ct_expect_alloc(ct);
-		if (exp == NULL)
+		if (exp == NULL) {
+			nf_ct_helper_log(skb, ct, "cannot alloc expectation");
 			return NF_DROP;
+		}
 		tuple = &ct->tuplehash[IP_CT_DIR_REPLY].tuple;
 		nf_ct_expect_init(exp, NF_CT_EXPECT_CLASS_DEFAULT,
 				  nf_ct_l3num(ct),
@@ -74,8 +76,10 @@ static int tftp_help(struct sk_buff *skb,
 		nf_nat_tftp = rcu_dereference(nf_nat_tftp_hook);
 		if (nf_nat_tftp && ct->status & IPS_NAT_MASK)
 			ret = nf_nat_tftp(skb, ctinfo, exp);
-		else if (nf_ct_expect_related(exp) != 0)
+		else if (nf_ct_expect_related(exp) != 0) {
+			nf_ct_helper_log(skb, ct, "cannot add expectation");
 			ret = NF_DROP;
+		}
 		nf_ct_expect_put(exp);
 		break;
 	case TFTP_OPCODE_DATA:
diff --git a/net/netfilter/nf_nat_amanda.c b/net/netfilter/nf_nat_amanda.c
index 42d3378..3b67c9d 100644
--- a/net/netfilter/nf_nat_amanda.c
+++ b/net/netfilter/nf_nat_amanda.c
@@ -56,15 +56,19 @@ static unsigned int help(struct sk_buff *skb,
 		}
 	}
 
-	if (port == 0)
+	if (port == 0) {
+		nf_ct_helper_log(skb, exp->master, "all ports in use");
 		return NF_DROP;
+	}
 
 	sprintf(buffer, "%u", port);
 	ret = nf_nat_mangle_udp_packet(skb, exp->master, ctinfo,
 				       protoff, matchoff, matchlen,
 				       buffer, strlen(buffer));
-	if (ret != NF_ACCEPT)
+	if (ret != NF_ACCEPT) {
+		nf_ct_helper_log(skb, exp->master, "cannot mangle packet");
 		nf_ct_unexpect_related(exp);
+	}
 	return ret;
 }
 
diff --git a/net/netfilter/nf_nat_ftp.c b/net/netfilter/nf_nat_ftp.c
index e839b97..e84a578 100644
--- a/net/netfilter/nf_nat_ftp.c
+++ b/net/netfilter/nf_nat_ftp.c
@@ -96,8 +96,10 @@ static unsigned int nf_nat_ftp(struct sk_buff *skb,
 		}
 	}
 
-	if (port == 0)
+	if (port == 0) {
+		nf_ct_helper_log(skb, ct, "all ports in use");
 		return NF_DROP;
+	}
 
 	buflen = nf_nat_ftp_fmt_cmd(ct, type, buffer, sizeof(buffer),
 				    &newaddr, port);
@@ -113,6 +115,7 @@ static unsigned int nf_nat_ftp(struct sk_buff *skb,
 	return NF_ACCEPT;
 
 out:
+	nf_ct_helper_log(skb, ct, "cannot mangle packet");
 	nf_ct_unexpect_related(exp);
 	return NF_DROP;
 }
diff --git a/net/netfilter/nf_nat_irc.c b/net/netfilter/nf_nat_irc.c
index 1fedee6..f02b360 100644
--- a/net/netfilter/nf_nat_irc.c
+++ b/net/netfilter/nf_nat_irc.c
@@ -56,14 +56,18 @@ static unsigned int help(struct sk_buff *skb,
 		}
 	}
 
-	if (port == 0)
+	if (port == 0) {
+		nf_ct_helper_log(skb, exp->master, "all ports in use");
 		return NF_DROP;
+	}
 
 	ret = nf_nat_mangle_tcp_packet(skb, exp->master, ctinfo,
 				       protoff, matchoff, matchlen, buffer,
 				       strlen(buffer));
-	if (ret != NF_ACCEPT)
+	if (ret != NF_ACCEPT) {
+		nf_ct_helper_log(skb, exp->master, "cannot mangle packet");
 		nf_ct_unexpect_related(exp);
+	}
 	return ret;
 }
 
diff --git a/net/netfilter/nf_nat_sip.c b/net/netfilter/nf_nat_sip.c
index 5951146e..96ccdf7 100644
--- a/net/netfilter/nf_nat_sip.c
+++ b/net/netfilter/nf_nat_sip.c
@@ -159,8 +159,10 @@ static unsigned int nf_nat_sip(struct sk_buff *skb, unsigned int protoff,
 					 &matchoff, &matchlen,
 					 &addr, &port) > 0 &&
 		    !map_addr(skb, protoff, dataoff, dptr, datalen,
-			      matchoff, matchlen, &addr, port))
+			      matchoff, matchlen, &addr, port)) {
+			nf_ct_helper_log(skb, ct, "cannot mangle SIP message");
 			return NF_DROP;
+		}
 		request = 1;
 	} else
 		request = 0;
@@ -193,8 +195,10 @@ static unsigned int nf_nat_sip(struct sk_buff *skb, unsigned int protoff,
 
 		olen = *datalen;
 		if (!map_addr(skb, protoff, dataoff, dptr, datalen,
-			      matchoff, matchlen, &addr, port))
+			      matchoff, matchlen, &addr, port)) {
+			nf_ct_helper_log(skb, ct, "cannot mangle Via header");
 			return NF_DROP;
+		}
 
 		matchend = matchoff + matchlen + *datalen - olen;
 
@@ -209,8 +213,10 @@ static unsigned int nf_nat_sip(struct sk_buff *skb, unsigned int protoff,
 					&ct->tuplehash[!dir].tuple.dst.u3,
 					true);
 			if (!mangle_packet(skb, protoff, dataoff, dptr, datalen,
-					   poff, plen, buffer, buflen))
+					   poff, plen, buffer, buflen)) {
+				nf_ct_helper_log(skb, ct, "cannot mangle maddr");
 				return NF_DROP;
+			}
 		}
 
 		/* The received= parameter (RFC 2361) contains the address
@@ -225,6 +231,7 @@ static unsigned int nf_nat_sip(struct sk_buff *skb, unsigned int protoff,
 					false);
 			if (!mangle_packet(skb, protoff, dataoff, dptr, datalen,
 					   poff, plen, buffer, buflen))
+				nf_ct_helper_log(skb, ct, "cannot mangle received");
 				return NF_DROP;
 		}
 
@@ -238,8 +245,10 @@ static unsigned int nf_nat_sip(struct sk_buff *skb, unsigned int protoff,
 			__be16 p = ct->tuplehash[!dir].tuple.src.u.udp.port;
 			buflen = sprintf(buffer, "%u", ntohs(p));
 			if (!mangle_packet(skb, protoff, dataoff, dptr, datalen,
-					   poff, plen, buffer, buflen))
+					   poff, plen, buffer, buflen)) {
+				nf_ct_helper_log(skb, ct, "cannot mangle rport");
 				return NF_DROP;
+			}
 		}
 	}
 
@@ -253,27 +262,35 @@ next:
 				       &addr, &port) > 0) {
 		if (!map_addr(skb, protoff, dataoff, dptr, datalen,
 			      matchoff, matchlen,
-			      &addr, port))
+			      &addr, port)) {
+			nf_ct_helper_log(skb, ct, "cannot mangle contact");
 			return NF_DROP;
+		}
 	}
 
 	if (!map_sip_addr(skb, protoff, dataoff, dptr, datalen, SIP_HDR_FROM) ||
-	    !map_sip_addr(skb, protoff, dataoff, dptr, datalen, SIP_HDR_TO))
+	    !map_sip_addr(skb, protoff, dataoff, dptr, datalen, SIP_HDR_TO)) {
+		nf_ct_helper_log(skb, ct, "cannot mangle SIP from/to");
 		return NF_DROP;
+	}
 
 	/* Mangle destination port for Cisco phones, then fix up checksums */
 	if (dir == IP_CT_DIR_REPLY && ct_sip_info->forced_dport) {
 		struct udphdr *uh;
 
-		if (!skb_make_writable(skb, skb->len))
+		if (!skb_make_writable(skb, skb->len)) {
+			nf_ct_helper_log(skb, ct, "cannot mangle packet");
 			return NF_DROP;
+		}
 
 		uh = (void *)skb->data + protoff;
 		uh->dest = ct_sip_info->forced_dport;
 
 		if (!nf_nat_mangle_udp_packet(skb, ct, ctinfo, protoff,
-					      0, 0, NULL, 0))
+					      0, 0, NULL, 0)) {
+			nf_ct_helper_log(skb, ct, "cannot mangle packet");
 			return NF_DROP;
+		}
 	}
 
 	return NF_ACCEPT;
@@ -372,15 +389,19 @@ static unsigned int nf_nat_sip_expect(struct sk_buff *skb, unsigned int protoff,
 		}
 	}
 
-	if (port == 0)
+	if (port == 0) {
+		nf_ct_helper_log(skb, ct, "all ports in use for SIP");
 		return NF_DROP;
+	}
 
 	if (!nf_inet_addr_cmp(&exp->tuple.dst.u3, &exp->saved_addr) ||
 	    exp->tuple.dst.u.udp.port != exp->saved_proto.udp.port) {
 		buflen = sip_sprintf_addr_port(ct, buffer, &newaddr, port);
 		if (!mangle_packet(skb, protoff, dataoff, dptr, datalen,
-				   matchoff, matchlen, buffer, buflen))
+				   matchoff, matchlen, buffer, buflen)) {
+			nf_ct_helper_log(skb, ct, "cannot mangle packet");
 			goto err;
+		}
 	}
 	return NF_ACCEPT;
 
@@ -573,14 +594,18 @@ static unsigned int nf_nat_sdp_media(struct sk_buff *skb, unsigned int protoff,
 		}
 	}
 
-	if (port == 0)
+	if (port == 0) {
+		nf_ct_helper_log(skb, ct, "all ports in use for SDP media");
 		goto err1;
+	}
 
 	/* Update media port. */
 	if (rtp_exp->tuple.dst.u.udp.port != rtp_exp->saved_proto.udp.port &&
 	    !nf_nat_sdp_port(skb, protoff, dataoff, dptr, datalen,
-			     mediaoff, medialen, port))
+			     mediaoff, medialen, port)) {
+		nf_ct_helper_log(skb, ct, "cannot mangle SDP message");
 		goto err2;
+	}
 
 	return NF_ACCEPT;
 
diff --git a/net/netfilter/nf_nat_tftp.c b/net/netfilter/nf_nat_tftp.c
index ccabbda..7f67e1d 100644
--- a/net/netfilter/nf_nat_tftp.c
+++ b/net/netfilter/nf_nat_tftp.c
@@ -28,8 +28,10 @@ static unsigned int help(struct sk_buff *skb,
 		= ct->tuplehash[IP_CT_DIR_ORIGINAL].tuple.src.u.udp.port;
 	exp->dir = IP_CT_DIR_REPLY;
 	exp->expectfn = nf_nat_follow_master;
-	if (nf_ct_expect_related(exp) != 0)
+	if (nf_ct_expect_related(exp) != 0) {
+		nf_ct_helper_log(skb, exp->master, "cannot add expectation");
 		return NF_DROP;
+	}
 	return NF_ACCEPT;
 }
 
-- 
1.7.10.4

Re: [PATCH 7/7] netfilter: nf_ct_helper: better logging for dropped packets

[Joe Perches]

On Tue, 2013-02-19 at 02:11 +0100, Pablo Neira Ayuso wrote:
> On Mon, Feb 18, 2013 at 04:22:02PM -0800, Joe Perches wrote:
> > On Tue, 2013-02-19 at 01:10 +0100, pablo@netfilter.org wrote:
> > > This patch modifies the existing code to provide more specific
> > > error message in the scope of each helper to help users to debug
> > > the reason why the packet has been dropped, ie:
> > []
> > > diff --git a/include/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_helper.h b/include/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_helper.h
> > []
> > > @@ -100,6 +100,9 @@ struct nf_ct_helper_expectfn {
> > >  	void (*expectfn)(struct nf_conn *ct, struct nf_conntrack_expect *exp);
> > >  };
> > >  
> > > +extern void nf_ct_helper_log(struct sk_buff *skb, const struct nf_conn *,
> > > +			     const char *fmt, ...);
> > 
> > this should be declared
> > 
> > __printf(3, 4)
> > void nf_ct_helper_log(etc...)
> 
> Fixed, thanks.

Well, not really.

The new prototype is:

+extern __printf(3,4) void nf_ct_helper_log(struct sk_buff *skb,
+                                          const struct nf_conn *,
+                                          const char *fmt, ...);
+

The extern isn't necessary.
The second arg doesn't have a name.
The printf args could use a space between them.

I think this should be

__printf(3, 4)
void nf_ct_helper_log(struct sk_buff *skb, const struct nf_conn *ct,
                      const char *fmt, ...);

without the extern to be more like the prototypes that follow
it in that file.

Re: [PATCH 7/7] netfilter: nf_ct_helper: better logging for dropped packets

[Pablo Neira Ayuso]

[-- Attachment #1: Type: text/plain, Size: 1644 bytes --]

On Mon, Feb 18, 2013 at 05:33:14PM -0800, Joe Perches wrote:
> On Tue, 2013-02-19 at 02:11 +0100, Pablo Neira Ayuso wrote:
> > On Mon, Feb 18, 2013 at 04:22:02PM -0800, Joe Perches wrote:
> > > On Tue, 2013-02-19 at 01:10 +0100, pablo@netfilter.org wrote:
> > > > This patch modifies the existing code to provide more specific
> > > > error message in the scope of each helper to help users to debug
> > > > the reason why the packet has been dropped, ie:
> > > []
> > > > diff --git a/include/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_helper.h b/include/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_helper.h
> > > []
> > > > @@ -100,6 +100,9 @@ struct nf_ct_helper_expectfn {
> > > >  	void (*expectfn)(struct nf_conn *ct, struct nf_conntrack_expect *exp);
> > > >  };
> > > >  
> > > > +extern void nf_ct_helper_log(struct sk_buff *skb, const struct nf_conn *,
> > > > +			     const char *fmt, ...);
> > > 
> > > this should be declared
> > > 
> > > __printf(3, 4)
> > > void nf_ct_helper_log(etc...)
> > 
> > Fixed, thanks.
> 
> Well, not really.
> 
> The new prototype is:
> 
> +extern __printf(3,4) void nf_ct_helper_log(struct sk_buff *skb,
> +                                          const struct nf_conn *,
> +                                          const char *fmt, ...);
> +
> 
> The extern isn't necessary.
> The second arg doesn't have a name.
> The printf args could use a space between them.
> 
> I think this should be
> 
> __printf(3, 4)
> void nf_ct_helper_log(struct sk_buff *skb, const struct nf_conn *ct,
>                       const char *fmt, ...);
> 
> without the extern to be more like the prototypes that follow
> it in that file.

Done, thanks.

[-- Attachment #2: 0007-netfilter-nf_ct_helper-better-logging-for-dropped-pa.patch --]
[-- Type: text/x-diff, Size: 25054 bytes --]

>From b20ab9cc63ca4605aec154cf54faa8455749f3f6 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Pablo Neira Ayuso <pablo@netfilter.org>
Date: Sun, 10 Feb 2013 18:56:56 +0100
Subject: [PATCH 7/7] netfilter: nf_ct_helper: better logging for dropped packets

Connection tracking helpers have to drop packets under exceptional
situations. Currently, the user gets the following logging message
in case that happens:

	nf_ct_%s: dropping packet ...

However, depending on the helper, there are different reasons why a
packet can be dropped.

This patch modifies the existing code to provide more specific
error message in the scope of each helper to help users to debug
the reason why the packet has been dropped, ie:

	nf_ct_%s: dropping packet: reason ...

Thanks to Joe Perches for many formatting suggestions.

Signed-off-by: Pablo Neira Ayuso <pablo@netfilter.org>
---
 include/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_helper.h    |    4 ++
 net/ipv4/netfilter/nf_conntrack_l3proto_ipv4.c |   10 +---
 net/ipv6/netfilter/nf_conntrack_l3proto_ipv6.c |    8 +--
 net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_amanda.c            |    5 +-
 net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_ftp.c               |   10 ++--
 net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_h323_main.c         |    6 +-
 net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_helper.c            |   19 ++++++
 net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_irc.c               |    7 ++-
 net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_sane.c              |    5 +-
 net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_sip.c               |   73 +++++++++++++++++-------
 net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_tftp.c              |    8 ++-
 net/netfilter/nf_nat_amanda.c                  |    8 ++-
 net/netfilter/nf_nat_ftp.c                     |    5 +-
 net/netfilter/nf_nat_irc.c                     |    8 ++-
 net/netfilter/nf_nat_sip.c                     |   49 ++++++++++++----
 net/netfilter/nf_nat_tftp.c                    |    4 +-
 16 files changed, 164 insertions(+), 65 deletions(-)

diff --git a/include/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_helper.h b/include/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_helper.h
index ce27edf..26c4ae5 100644
--- a/include/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_helper.h
+++ b/include/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_helper.h
@@ -100,6 +100,10 @@ struct nf_ct_helper_expectfn {
 	void (*expectfn)(struct nf_conn *ct, struct nf_conntrack_expect *exp);
 };
 
+__printf(3,4)
+void nf_ct_helper_log(struct sk_buff *skb, const struct nf_conn *ct,
+		      const char *fmt, ...);
+
 void nf_ct_helper_expectfn_register(struct nf_ct_helper_expectfn *n);
 void nf_ct_helper_expectfn_unregister(struct nf_ct_helper_expectfn *n);
 struct nf_ct_helper_expectfn *
diff --git a/net/ipv4/netfilter/nf_conntrack_l3proto_ipv4.c b/net/ipv4/netfilter/nf_conntrack_l3proto_ipv4.c
index 48990ad..2820aa1 100644
--- a/net/ipv4/netfilter/nf_conntrack_l3proto_ipv4.c
+++ b/net/ipv4/netfilter/nf_conntrack_l3proto_ipv4.c
@@ -100,7 +100,6 @@ static unsigned int ipv4_helper(unsigned int hooknum,
 	enum ip_conntrack_info ctinfo;
 	const struct nf_conn_help *help;
 	const struct nf_conntrack_helper *helper;
-	unsigned int ret;
 
 	/* This is where we call the helper: as the packet goes out. */
 	ct = nf_ct_get(skb, &ctinfo);
@@ -116,13 +115,8 @@ static unsigned int ipv4_helper(unsigned int hooknum,
 	if (!helper)
 		return NF_ACCEPT;
 
-	ret = helper->help(skb, skb_network_offset(skb) + ip_hdrlen(skb),
-			   ct, ctinfo);
-	if (ret != NF_ACCEPT && (ret & NF_VERDICT_MASK) != NF_QUEUE) {
-		nf_log_packet(NFPROTO_IPV4, hooknum, skb, in, out, NULL,
-			      "nf_ct_%s: dropping packet", helper->name);
-	}
-	return ret;
+	return helper->help(skb, skb_network_offset(skb) + ip_hdrlen(skb),
+			    ct, ctinfo);
 }
 
 static unsigned int ipv4_confirm(unsigned int hooknum,
diff --git a/net/ipv6/netfilter/nf_conntrack_l3proto_ipv6.c b/net/ipv6/netfilter/nf_conntrack_l3proto_ipv6.c
index 8a45bb2..2b6c226 100644
--- a/net/ipv6/netfilter/nf_conntrack_l3proto_ipv6.c
+++ b/net/ipv6/netfilter/nf_conntrack_l3proto_ipv6.c
@@ -104,7 +104,6 @@ static unsigned int ipv6_helper(unsigned int hooknum,
 	const struct nf_conn_help *help;
 	const struct nf_conntrack_helper *helper;
 	enum ip_conntrack_info ctinfo;
-	unsigned int ret;
 	__be16 frag_off;
 	int protoff;
 	u8 nexthdr;
@@ -130,12 +129,7 @@ static unsigned int ipv6_helper(unsigned int hooknum,
 		return NF_ACCEPT;
 	}
 
-	ret = helper->help(skb, protoff, ct, ctinfo);
-	if (ret != NF_ACCEPT && (ret & NF_VERDICT_MASK) != NF_QUEUE) {
-		nf_log_packet(NFPROTO_IPV6, hooknum, skb, in, out, NULL,
-			      "nf_ct_%s: dropping packet", helper->name);
-	}
-	return ret;
+	return helper->help(skb, protoff, ct, ctinfo);
 }
 
 static unsigned int ipv6_confirm(unsigned int hooknum,
diff --git a/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_amanda.c b/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_amanda.c
index c514fe6..dbdaa11 100644
--- a/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_amanda.c
+++ b/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_amanda.c
@@ -145,6 +145,7 @@ static int amanda_help(struct sk_buff *skb,
 
 		exp = nf_ct_expect_alloc(ct);
 		if (exp == NULL) {
+			nf_ct_helper_log(skb, ct, "cannot alloc expectation");
 			ret = NF_DROP;
 			goto out;
 		}
@@ -158,8 +159,10 @@ static int amanda_help(struct sk_buff *skb,
 		if (nf_nat_amanda && ct->status & IPS_NAT_MASK)
 			ret = nf_nat_amanda(skb, ctinfo, protoff,
 					    off - dataoff, len, exp);
-		else if (nf_ct_expect_related(exp) != 0)
+		else if (nf_ct_expect_related(exp) != 0) {
+			nf_ct_helper_log(skb, ct, "cannot add expectation");
 			ret = NF_DROP;
+		}
 		nf_ct_expect_put(exp);
 	}
 
diff --git a/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_ftp.c b/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_ftp.c
index 1ce3bef..62fb8fa 100644
--- a/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_ftp.c
+++ b/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_ftp.c
@@ -435,8 +435,8 @@ skip_nl_seq:
 		   connection tracking, not packet filtering.
 		   However, it is necessary for accurate tracking in
 		   this case. */
-		pr_debug("conntrack_ftp: partial %s %u+%u\n",
-			 search[dir][i].pattern,  ntohl(th->seq), datalen);
+		nf_ct_helper_log(skb, ct, "partial matching of `%s'",
+			         search[dir][i].pattern);
 		ret = NF_DROP;
 		goto out;
 	} else if (found == 0) { /* No match */
@@ -450,6 +450,7 @@ skip_nl_seq:
 
 	exp = nf_ct_expect_alloc(ct);
 	if (exp == NULL) {
+		nf_ct_helper_log(skb, ct, "cannot alloc expectation");
 		ret = NF_DROP;
 		goto out;
 	}
@@ -500,9 +501,10 @@ skip_nl_seq:
 				 protoff, matchoff, matchlen, exp);
 	else {
 		/* Can't expect this?  Best to drop packet now. */
-		if (nf_ct_expect_related(exp) != 0)
+		if (nf_ct_expect_related(exp) != 0) {
+			nf_ct_helper_log(skb, ct, "cannot add expectation");
 			ret = NF_DROP;
-		else
+		} else
 			ret = NF_ACCEPT;
 	}
 
diff --git a/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_h323_main.c b/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_h323_main.c
index 962795e..7df7b36 100644
--- a/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_h323_main.c
+++ b/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_h323_main.c
@@ -623,7 +623,7 @@ static int h245_help(struct sk_buff *skb, unsigned int protoff,
 
       drop:
 	spin_unlock_bh(&nf_h323_lock);
-	net_info_ratelimited("nf_ct_h245: packet dropped\n");
+	nf_ct_helper_log(skb, ct, "cannot process H.245 message");
 	return NF_DROP;
 }
 
@@ -1197,7 +1197,7 @@ static int q931_help(struct sk_buff *skb, unsigned int protoff,
 
       drop:
 	spin_unlock_bh(&nf_h323_lock);
-	net_info_ratelimited("nf_ct_q931: packet dropped\n");
+	nf_ct_helper_log(skb, ct, "cannot process Q.931 message");
 	return NF_DROP;
 }
 
@@ -1795,7 +1795,7 @@ static int ras_help(struct sk_buff *skb, unsigned int protoff,
 
       drop:
 	spin_unlock_bh(&nf_h323_lock);
-	net_info_ratelimited("nf_ct_ras: packet dropped\n");
+	nf_ct_helper_log(skb, ct, "cannot process RAS message");
 	return NF_DROP;
 }
 
diff --git a/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_helper.c b/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_helper.c
index 2f380f7..c08768d 100644
--- a/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_helper.c
+++ b/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_helper.c
@@ -28,6 +28,7 @@
 #include <net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_helper.h>
 #include <net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_core.h>
 #include <net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_extend.h>
+#include <net/netfilter/nf_log.h>
 
 static DEFINE_MUTEX(nf_ct_helper_mutex);
 struct hlist_head *nf_ct_helper_hash __read_mostly;
@@ -332,6 +333,24 @@ nf_ct_helper_expectfn_find_by_symbol(const void *symbol)
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(nf_ct_helper_expectfn_find_by_symbol);
 
+__printf(3, 4)
+void nf_ct_helper_log(struct sk_buff *skb, const struct nf_conn *ct,
+		      const char *fmt, ...)
+{
+	const struct nf_conn_help *help;
+	const struct nf_conntrack_helper *helper;
+
+	/* Called from the helper function, this call never fails */
+	help = nfct_help(ct);
+
+	/* rcu_read_lock()ed by nf_hook_slow */
+	helper = rcu_dereference(help->helper);
+
+	nf_log_packet(nf_ct_l3num(ct), 0, skb, NULL, NULL, NULL,
+		      "nf_ct_%s: dropping packet: %s ", helper->name, fmt);
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(nf_ct_helper_log);
+
 int nf_conntrack_helper_register(struct nf_conntrack_helper *me)
 {
 	int ret = 0;
diff --git a/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_irc.c b/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_irc.c
index 3b20aa7..70985c5 100644
--- a/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_irc.c
+++ b/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_irc.c
@@ -194,6 +194,8 @@ static int help(struct sk_buff *skb, unsigned int protoff,
 
 			exp = nf_ct_expect_alloc(ct);
 			if (exp == NULL) {
+				nf_ct_helper_log(skb, ct,
+						 "cannot alloc expectation");
 				ret = NF_DROP;
 				goto out;
 			}
@@ -210,8 +212,11 @@ static int help(struct sk_buff *skb, unsigned int protoff,
 						 addr_beg_p - ib_ptr,
 						 addr_end_p - addr_beg_p,
 						 exp);
-			else if (nf_ct_expect_related(exp) != 0)
+			else if (nf_ct_expect_related(exp) != 0) {
+				nf_ct_helper_log(skb, ct,
+						 "cannot add expectation");
 				ret = NF_DROP;
+			}
 			nf_ct_expect_put(exp);
 			goto out;
 		}
diff --git a/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_sane.c b/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_sane.c
index 295429f..4a2134f 100644
--- a/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_sane.c
+++ b/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_sane.c
@@ -138,6 +138,7 @@ static int help(struct sk_buff *skb,
 
 	exp = nf_ct_expect_alloc(ct);
 	if (exp == NULL) {
+		nf_ct_helper_log(skb, ct, "cannot alloc expectation");
 		ret = NF_DROP;
 		goto out;
 	}
@@ -151,8 +152,10 @@ static int help(struct sk_buff *skb,
 	nf_ct_dump_tuple(&exp->tuple);
 
 	/* Can't expect this?  Best to drop packet now. */
-	if (nf_ct_expect_related(exp) != 0)
+	if (nf_ct_expect_related(exp) != 0) {
+		nf_ct_helper_log(skb, ct, "cannot add expectation");
 		ret = NF_DROP;
+	}
 
 	nf_ct_expect_put(exp);
 
diff --git a/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_sip.c b/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_sip.c
index 72a67bb..069229d 100644
--- a/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_sip.c
+++ b/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_sip.c
@@ -1095,8 +1095,10 @@ static int process_sdp(struct sk_buff *skb, unsigned int protoff,
 		port = simple_strtoul(*dptr + mediaoff, NULL, 10);
 		if (port == 0)
 			continue;
-		if (port < 1024 || port > 65535)
+		if (port < 1024 || port > 65535) {
+			nf_ct_helper_log(skb, ct, "wrong port %u", port);
 			return NF_DROP;
+		}
 
 		/* The media description overrides the session description. */
 		maddr_len = 0;
@@ -1107,15 +1109,20 @@ static int process_sdp(struct sk_buff *skb, unsigned int protoff,
 			memcpy(&rtp_addr, &maddr, sizeof(rtp_addr));
 		} else if (caddr_len)
 			memcpy(&rtp_addr, &caddr, sizeof(rtp_addr));
-		else
+		else {
+			nf_ct_helper_log(skb, ct, "cannot parse SDP message");
 			return NF_DROP;
+		}
 
 		ret = set_expected_rtp_rtcp(skb, protoff, dataoff,
 					    dptr, datalen,
 					    &rtp_addr, htons(port), t->class,
 					    mediaoff, medialen);
-		if (ret != NF_ACCEPT)
+		if (ret != NF_ACCEPT) {
+			nf_ct_helper_log(skb, ct,
+					 "cannot add expectation for voice");
 			return ret;
+		}
 
 		/* Update media connection address if present */
 		if (maddr_len && nf_nat_sdp_addr && ct->status & IPS_NAT_MASK) {
@@ -1123,8 +1130,10 @@ static int process_sdp(struct sk_buff *skb, unsigned int protoff,
 					      dptr, datalen, mediaoff,
 					      SDP_HDR_CONNECTION, SDP_HDR_MEDIA,
 					      &rtp_addr);
-			if (ret != NF_ACCEPT)
+			if (ret != NF_ACCEPT) {
+				nf_ct_helper_log(skb, ct, "cannot mangle SDP");
 				return ret;
+			}
 		}
 		i++;
 	}
@@ -1258,9 +1267,10 @@ static int process_register_request(struct sk_buff *skb, unsigned int protoff,
 	ret = ct_sip_parse_header_uri(ct, *dptr, NULL, *datalen,
 				      SIP_HDR_CONTACT, NULL,
 				      &matchoff, &matchlen, &daddr, &port);
-	if (ret < 0)
+	if (ret < 0) {
+		nf_ct_helper_log(skb, ct, "cannot parse contact");
 		return NF_DROP;
-	else if (ret == 0)
+	} else if (ret == 0)
 		return NF_ACCEPT;
 
 	/* We don't support third-party registrations */
@@ -1273,8 +1283,10 @@ static int process_register_request(struct sk_buff *skb, unsigned int protoff,
 
 	if (ct_sip_parse_numerical_param(ct, *dptr,
 					 matchoff + matchlen, *datalen,
-					 "expires=", NULL, NULL, &expires) < 0)
+					 "expires=", NULL, NULL, &expires) < 0) {
+		nf_ct_helper_log(skb, ct, "cannot parse expires");
 		return NF_DROP;
+	}
 
 	if (expires == 0) {
 		ret = NF_ACCEPT;
@@ -1282,8 +1294,10 @@ static int process_register_request(struct sk_buff *skb, unsigned int protoff,
 	}
 
 	exp = nf_ct_expect_alloc(ct);
-	if (!exp)
+	if (!exp) {
+		nf_ct_helper_log(skb, ct, "cannot alloc expectation");
 		return NF_DROP;
+	}
 
 	saddr = NULL;
 	if (sip_direct_signalling)
@@ -1300,9 +1314,10 @@ static int process_register_request(struct sk_buff *skb, unsigned int protoff,
 		ret = nf_nat_sip_expect(skb, protoff, dataoff, dptr, datalen,
 					exp, matchoff, matchlen);
 	else {
-		if (nf_ct_expect_related(exp) != 0)
+		if (nf_ct_expect_related(exp) != 0) {
+			nf_ct_helper_log(skb, ct, "cannot add expectation");
 			ret = NF_DROP;
-		else
+		} else
 			ret = NF_ACCEPT;
 	}
 	nf_ct_expect_put(exp);
@@ -1356,9 +1371,10 @@ static int process_register_response(struct sk_buff *skb, unsigned int protoff,
 					      SIP_HDR_CONTACT, &in_contact,
 					      &matchoff, &matchlen,
 					      &addr, &port);
-		if (ret < 0)
+		if (ret < 0) {
+			nf_ct_helper_log(skb, ct, "cannot parse contact");
 			return NF_DROP;
-		else if (ret == 0)
+		} else if (ret == 0)
 			break;
 
 		/* We don't support third-party registrations */
@@ -1373,8 +1389,10 @@ static int process_register_response(struct sk_buff *skb, unsigned int protoff,
 						   matchoff + matchlen,
 						   *datalen, "expires=",
 						   NULL, NULL, &c_expires);
-		if (ret < 0)
+		if (ret < 0) {
+			nf_ct_helper_log(skb, ct, "cannot parse expires");
 			return NF_DROP;
+		}
 		if (c_expires == 0)
 			break;
 		if (refresh_signalling_expectation(ct, &addr, proto, port,
@@ -1408,15 +1426,21 @@ static int process_sip_response(struct sk_buff *skb, unsigned int protoff,
 	if (*datalen < strlen("SIP/2.0 200"))
 		return NF_ACCEPT;
 	code = simple_strtoul(*dptr + strlen("SIP/2.0 "), NULL, 10);
-	if (!code)
+	if (!code) {
+		nf_ct_helper_log(skb, ct, "cannot get code");
 		return NF_DROP;
+	}
 
 	if (ct_sip_get_header(ct, *dptr, 0, *datalen, SIP_HDR_CSEQ,
-			      &matchoff, &matchlen) <= 0)
+			      &matchoff, &matchlen) <= 0) {
+		nf_ct_helper_log(skb, ct, "cannot parse cseq");
 		return NF_DROP;
+	}
 	cseq = simple_strtoul(*dptr + matchoff, NULL, 10);
-	if (!cseq)
+	if (!cseq) {
+		nf_ct_helper_log(skb, ct, "cannot get cseq");
 		return NF_DROP;
+	}
 	matchend = matchoff + matchlen + 1;
 
 	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(sip_handlers); i++) {
@@ -1471,11 +1495,15 @@ static int process_sip_request(struct sk_buff *skb, unsigned int protoff,
 			continue;
 
 		if (ct_sip_get_header(ct, *dptr, 0, *datalen, SIP_HDR_CSEQ,
-				      &matchoff, &matchlen) <= 0)
+				      &matchoff, &matchlen) <= 0) {
+			nf_ct_helper_log(skb, ct, "cannot parse cseq");
 			return NF_DROP;
+		}
 		cseq = simple_strtoul(*dptr + matchoff, NULL, 10);
-		if (!cseq)
+		if (!cseq) {
+			nf_ct_helper_log(skb, ct, "cannot get cseq");
 			return NF_DROP;
+		}
 
 		return handler->request(skb, protoff, dataoff, dptr, datalen,
 					cseq);
@@ -1498,8 +1526,10 @@ static int process_sip_msg(struct sk_buff *skb, struct nf_conn *ct,
 	if (ret == NF_ACCEPT && ct->status & IPS_NAT_MASK) {
 		nf_nat_sip = rcu_dereference(nf_nat_sip_hook);
 		if (nf_nat_sip && !nf_nat_sip(skb, protoff, dataoff,
-					      dptr, datalen))
+					      dptr, datalen)) {
+			nf_ct_helper_log(skb, ct, "cannot NAT SIP message");
 			ret = NF_DROP;
+		}
 	}
 
 	return ret;
@@ -1563,11 +1593,14 @@ static int sip_help_tcp(struct sk_buff *skb, unsigned int protoff,
 		end += strlen("\r\n\r\n") + clen;
 
 		msglen = origlen = end - dptr;
-		if (msglen > datalen)
+		if (msglen > datalen) {
+			nf_ct_helper_log(skb, ct, "incomplete/bad SIP message");
 			return NF_DROP;
+		}
 
 		ret = process_sip_msg(skb, ct, protoff, dataoff,
 				      &dptr, &msglen);
+		/* process_sip_* functions report why this packet is dropped */
 		if (ret != NF_ACCEPT)
 			break;
 		diff     = msglen - origlen;
diff --git a/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_tftp.c b/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_tftp.c
index 81fc61c..e9936c8 100644
--- a/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_tftp.c
+++ b/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_tftp.c
@@ -60,8 +60,10 @@ static int tftp_help(struct sk_buff *skb,
 		nf_ct_dump_tuple(&ct->tuplehash[IP_CT_DIR_REPLY].tuple);
 
 		exp = nf_ct_expect_alloc(ct);
-		if (exp == NULL)
+		if (exp == NULL) {
+			nf_ct_helper_log(skb, ct, "cannot alloc expectation");
 			return NF_DROP;
+		}
 		tuple = &ct->tuplehash[IP_CT_DIR_REPLY].tuple;
 		nf_ct_expect_init(exp, NF_CT_EXPECT_CLASS_DEFAULT,
 				  nf_ct_l3num(ct),
@@ -74,8 +76,10 @@ static int tftp_help(struct sk_buff *skb,
 		nf_nat_tftp = rcu_dereference(nf_nat_tftp_hook);
 		if (nf_nat_tftp && ct->status & IPS_NAT_MASK)
 			ret = nf_nat_tftp(skb, ctinfo, exp);
-		else if (nf_ct_expect_related(exp) != 0)
+		else if (nf_ct_expect_related(exp) != 0) {
+			nf_ct_helper_log(skb, ct, "cannot add expectation");
 			ret = NF_DROP;
+		}
 		nf_ct_expect_put(exp);
 		break;
 	case TFTP_OPCODE_DATA:
diff --git a/net/netfilter/nf_nat_amanda.c b/net/netfilter/nf_nat_amanda.c
index 42d3378..3b67c9d 100644
--- a/net/netfilter/nf_nat_amanda.c
+++ b/net/netfilter/nf_nat_amanda.c
@@ -56,15 +56,19 @@ static unsigned int help(struct sk_buff *skb,
 		}
 	}
 
-	if (port == 0)
+	if (port == 0) {
+		nf_ct_helper_log(skb, exp->master, "all ports in use");
 		return NF_DROP;
+	}
 
 	sprintf(buffer, "%u", port);
 	ret = nf_nat_mangle_udp_packet(skb, exp->master, ctinfo,
 				       protoff, matchoff, matchlen,
 				       buffer, strlen(buffer));
-	if (ret != NF_ACCEPT)
+	if (ret != NF_ACCEPT) {
+		nf_ct_helper_log(skb, exp->master, "cannot mangle packet");
 		nf_ct_unexpect_related(exp);
+	}
 	return ret;
 }
 
diff --git a/net/netfilter/nf_nat_ftp.c b/net/netfilter/nf_nat_ftp.c
index e839b97..e84a578 100644
--- a/net/netfilter/nf_nat_ftp.c
+++ b/net/netfilter/nf_nat_ftp.c
@@ -96,8 +96,10 @@ static unsigned int nf_nat_ftp(struct sk_buff *skb,
 		}
 	}
 
-	if (port == 0)
+	if (port == 0) {
+		nf_ct_helper_log(skb, ct, "all ports in use");
 		return NF_DROP;
+	}
 
 	buflen = nf_nat_ftp_fmt_cmd(ct, type, buffer, sizeof(buffer),
 				    &newaddr, port);
@@ -113,6 +115,7 @@ static unsigned int nf_nat_ftp(struct sk_buff *skb,
 	return NF_ACCEPT;
 
 out:
+	nf_ct_helper_log(skb, ct, "cannot mangle packet");
 	nf_ct_unexpect_related(exp);
 	return NF_DROP;
 }
diff --git a/net/netfilter/nf_nat_irc.c b/net/netfilter/nf_nat_irc.c
index 1fedee6..f02b360 100644
--- a/net/netfilter/nf_nat_irc.c
+++ b/net/netfilter/nf_nat_irc.c
@@ -56,14 +56,18 @@ static unsigned int help(struct sk_buff *skb,
 		}
 	}
 
-	if (port == 0)
+	if (port == 0) {
+		nf_ct_helper_log(skb, exp->master, "all ports in use");
 		return NF_DROP;
+	}
 
 	ret = nf_nat_mangle_tcp_packet(skb, exp->master, ctinfo,
 				       protoff, matchoff, matchlen, buffer,
 				       strlen(buffer));
-	if (ret != NF_ACCEPT)
+	if (ret != NF_ACCEPT) {
+		nf_ct_helper_log(skb, exp->master, "cannot mangle packet");
 		nf_ct_unexpect_related(exp);
+	}
 	return ret;
 }
 
diff --git a/net/netfilter/nf_nat_sip.c b/net/netfilter/nf_nat_sip.c
index 5951146e..96ccdf7 100644
--- a/net/netfilter/nf_nat_sip.c
+++ b/net/netfilter/nf_nat_sip.c
@@ -159,8 +159,10 @@ static unsigned int nf_nat_sip(struct sk_buff *skb, unsigned int protoff,
 					 &matchoff, &matchlen,
 					 &addr, &port) > 0 &&
 		    !map_addr(skb, protoff, dataoff, dptr, datalen,
-			      matchoff, matchlen, &addr, port))
+			      matchoff, matchlen, &addr, port)) {
+			nf_ct_helper_log(skb, ct, "cannot mangle SIP message");
 			return NF_DROP;
+		}
 		request = 1;
 	} else
 		request = 0;
@@ -193,8 +195,10 @@ static unsigned int nf_nat_sip(struct sk_buff *skb, unsigned int protoff,
 
 		olen = *datalen;
 		if (!map_addr(skb, protoff, dataoff, dptr, datalen,
-			      matchoff, matchlen, &addr, port))
+			      matchoff, matchlen, &addr, port)) {
+			nf_ct_helper_log(skb, ct, "cannot mangle Via header");
 			return NF_DROP;
+		}
 
 		matchend = matchoff + matchlen + *datalen - olen;
 
@@ -209,8 +213,10 @@ static unsigned int nf_nat_sip(struct sk_buff *skb, unsigned int protoff,
 					&ct->tuplehash[!dir].tuple.dst.u3,
 					true);
 			if (!mangle_packet(skb, protoff, dataoff, dptr, datalen,
-					   poff, plen, buffer, buflen))
+					   poff, plen, buffer, buflen)) {
+				nf_ct_helper_log(skb, ct, "cannot mangle maddr");
 				return NF_DROP;
+			}
 		}
 
 		/* The received= parameter (RFC 2361) contains the address
@@ -225,6 +231,7 @@ static unsigned int nf_nat_sip(struct sk_buff *skb, unsigned int protoff,
 					false);
 			if (!mangle_packet(skb, protoff, dataoff, dptr, datalen,
 					   poff, plen, buffer, buflen))
+				nf_ct_helper_log(skb, ct, "cannot mangle received");
 				return NF_DROP;
 		}
 
@@ -238,8 +245,10 @@ static unsigned int nf_nat_sip(struct sk_buff *skb, unsigned int protoff,
 			__be16 p = ct->tuplehash[!dir].tuple.src.u.udp.port;
 			buflen = sprintf(buffer, "%u", ntohs(p));
 			if (!mangle_packet(skb, protoff, dataoff, dptr, datalen,
-					   poff, plen, buffer, buflen))
+					   poff, plen, buffer, buflen)) {
+				nf_ct_helper_log(skb, ct, "cannot mangle rport");
 				return NF_DROP;
+			}
 		}
 	}
 
@@ -253,27 +262,35 @@ next:
 				       &addr, &port) > 0) {
 		if (!map_addr(skb, protoff, dataoff, dptr, datalen,
 			      matchoff, matchlen,
-			      &addr, port))
+			      &addr, port)) {
+			nf_ct_helper_log(skb, ct, "cannot mangle contact");
 			return NF_DROP;
+		}
 	}
 
 	if (!map_sip_addr(skb, protoff, dataoff, dptr, datalen, SIP_HDR_FROM) ||
-	    !map_sip_addr(skb, protoff, dataoff, dptr, datalen, SIP_HDR_TO))
+	    !map_sip_addr(skb, protoff, dataoff, dptr, datalen, SIP_HDR_TO)) {
+		nf_ct_helper_log(skb, ct, "cannot mangle SIP from/to");
 		return NF_DROP;
+	}
 
 	/* Mangle destination port for Cisco phones, then fix up checksums */
 	if (dir == IP_CT_DIR_REPLY && ct_sip_info->forced_dport) {
 		struct udphdr *uh;
 
-		if (!skb_make_writable(skb, skb->len))
+		if (!skb_make_writable(skb, skb->len)) {
+			nf_ct_helper_log(skb, ct, "cannot mangle packet");
 			return NF_DROP;
+		}
 
 		uh = (void *)skb->data + protoff;
 		uh->dest = ct_sip_info->forced_dport;
 
 		if (!nf_nat_mangle_udp_packet(skb, ct, ctinfo, protoff,
-					      0, 0, NULL, 0))
+					      0, 0, NULL, 0)) {
+			nf_ct_helper_log(skb, ct, "cannot mangle packet");
 			return NF_DROP;
+		}
 	}
 
 	return NF_ACCEPT;
@@ -372,15 +389,19 @@ static unsigned int nf_nat_sip_expect(struct sk_buff *skb, unsigned int protoff,
 		}
 	}
 
-	if (port == 0)
+	if (port == 0) {
+		nf_ct_helper_log(skb, ct, "all ports in use for SIP");
 		return NF_DROP;
+	}
 
 	if (!nf_inet_addr_cmp(&exp->tuple.dst.u3, &exp->saved_addr) ||
 	    exp->tuple.dst.u.udp.port != exp->saved_proto.udp.port) {
 		buflen = sip_sprintf_addr_port(ct, buffer, &newaddr, port);
 		if (!mangle_packet(skb, protoff, dataoff, dptr, datalen,
-				   matchoff, matchlen, buffer, buflen))
+				   matchoff, matchlen, buffer, buflen)) {
+			nf_ct_helper_log(skb, ct, "cannot mangle packet");
 			goto err;
+		}
 	}
 	return NF_ACCEPT;
 
@@ -573,14 +594,18 @@ static unsigned int nf_nat_sdp_media(struct sk_buff *skb, unsigned int protoff,
 		}
 	}
 
-	if (port == 0)
+	if (port == 0) {
+		nf_ct_helper_log(skb, ct, "all ports in use for SDP media");
 		goto err1;
+	}
 
 	/* Update media port. */
 	if (rtp_exp->tuple.dst.u.udp.port != rtp_exp->saved_proto.udp.port &&
 	    !nf_nat_sdp_port(skb, protoff, dataoff, dptr, datalen,
-			     mediaoff, medialen, port))
+			     mediaoff, medialen, port)) {
+		nf_ct_helper_log(skb, ct, "cannot mangle SDP message");
 		goto err2;
+	}
 
 	return NF_ACCEPT;
 
diff --git a/net/netfilter/nf_nat_tftp.c b/net/netfilter/nf_nat_tftp.c
index ccabbda..7f67e1d 100644
--- a/net/netfilter/nf_nat_tftp.c
+++ b/net/netfilter/nf_nat_tftp.c
@@ -28,8 +28,10 @@ static unsigned int help(struct sk_buff *skb,
 		= ct->tuplehash[IP_CT_DIR_ORIGINAL].tuple.src.u.udp.port;
 	exp->dir = IP_CT_DIR_REPLY;
 	exp->expectfn = nf_nat_follow_master;
-	if (nf_ct_expect_related(exp) != 0)
+	if (nf_ct_expect_related(exp) != 0) {
+		nf_ct_helper_log(skb, exp->master, "cannot add expectation");
 		return NF_DROP;
+	}
 	return NF_ACCEPT;
 }
 
-- 
1.7.10.4

Re: [PATCH 7/7] netfilter: nf_ct_helper: Fix logging for dropped packets

[Joe Perches]

On Tue, 2013-02-19 at 02:50 +0100, Pablo Neira Ayuso wrote:
> On Mon, Feb 18, 2013 at 05:33:14PM -0800, Joe Perches wrote:
> > On Tue, 2013-02-19 at 02:11 +0100, Pablo Neira Ayuso wrote:
> > > On Mon, Feb 18, 2013 at 04:22:02PM -0800, Joe Perches wrote:
> > > > On Tue, 2013-02-19 at 01:10 +0100, pablo@netfilter.org wrote:
> > > > > This patch modifies the existing code to provide more specific
> > > > > error message in the scope of each helper to help users to debug
> > > > > the reason why the packet has been dropped, ie:
> > > > []
> > > > > diff --git a/include/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_helper.h b/include/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_helper.h
> > > > []
> > > > > @@ -100,6 +100,9 @@ struct nf_ct_helper_expectfn {
> > > > >  	void (*expectfn)(struct nf_conn *ct, struct nf_conntrack_expect *exp);
> > > > >  };
> > > > >  
> > > > > +extern void nf_ct_helper_log(struct sk_buff *skb, const struct nf_conn *,
> > > > > +			     const char *fmt, ...);

Hi again Pablo.

Sorry, I didn't look at the function implementation.

It doesn't use the var args that follow fmt.
Two current uses have format and args aren't emitted correctly.

This is needed:

From: Joe Perches <joe@perches.com>

Update nf_ct_helper_log to emit args along with the format.

Signed-off-by: Joe Perches <joe@perches.com>
---
 net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_helper.c | 11 ++++++++++-
 1 file changed, 10 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_helper.c b/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_helper.c
index 013cdf6..3ebc2ae 100644
--- a/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_helper.c
+++ b/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_helper.c
@@ -341,6 +341,13 @@ void nf_ct_helper_log(struct sk_buff *skb, const struct nf_conn *ct,
 {
 	const struct nf_conn_help *help;
 	const struct nf_conntrack_helper *helper;
+	struct va_format vaf;
+	va_list args;
+
+	va_start(args, fmt);
+
+	vaf.fmt = fmt;
+	vaf.va = &args;
 
 	/* Called from the helper function, this call never fails */
 	help = nfct_help(ct);
@@ -349,7 +356,9 @@ void nf_ct_helper_log(struct sk_buff *skb, const struct nf_conn *ct,
 	helper = rcu_dereference(help->helper);
 
 	nf_log_packet(nf_ct_l3num(ct), 0, skb, NULL, NULL, NULL,
-		      "nf_ct_%s: dropping packet: %s ", helper->name, fmt);
+		      "nf_ct_%s: dropping packet: %pV", helper->name, &vaf);
+
+	va_end(args);
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(nf_ct_helper_log);
 

Re: [PATCH 7/7] netfilter: nf_ct_helper: Fix logging for dropped packets

[Pablo Neira Ayuso]

On Mon, Feb 18, 2013 at 11:51:07PM -0800, Joe Perches wrote:
> 
> Sorry, I didn't look at the function implementation.
> 
> It doesn't use the var args that follow fmt.
> Two current uses have format and args aren't emitted correctly.

Thanks Joe, will pass this to David asap.

Regards.

Re: [PATCH 0/7] netfilter updates for net-next

[David Miller]

From: pablo@netfilter.org
Date: Tue, 19 Feb 2013 01:10:44 +0100

> The following patchset contain updates for your net-next tree, they are:
> 
> * Fix (for just added) connlabel dependencies, from Florian Westphal.
> 
> * Add aliasing support for conntrack, thus users can either use -m state
>   or -m conntrack from iptables while using the same kernel module, from
>   Jozsef Kadlecsik.
> 
> * Some code refactoring for the CT target to merge common code in
>   revision 0 and 1, from myself.
> 
> * Add aliasing support for CT, based on patch from Jozsef Kadlecsik.
> 
> * Add one mutex per nfnetlink subsystem, from myself.
> 
> * Improved logging for packets that are dropped by helpers, from myself.

Pulled, thanks Pablo.

[PATCH 0/7] Netfilter updates for net-next

[Pablo Neira Ayuso]

Hi,

1) UAF in chain binding support from previous batch, from Dan Carpenter.

2) Queue up delayed work to expire connections with no destination,
   from Andrew Sy Kim.

3) Use fallthrough pseudo-keyword, from Gustavo A. R. Silva.

4) Replace HTTP links with HTTPS, from Alexander A. Klimov.

5) Remove superfluous null header checks in ip6tables, from
   Gaurav Singh.

6) Add extended netlink error reporting for expression.

7) Report EEXIST on overlapping chain, set elements and flowtable
   devices.

Please, pull these changes from:

  git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/pablo/nf-next.git

Thank you.

----------------------------------------------------------------

The following changes since commit 4ff91fa0a3acd072c9a46ebe08a6e2471ddd3c95:

  Merge branch 'udp_tunnel-NIC-RX-port-offload-infrastructure' (2020-07-14 17:04:28 -0700)

are available in the Git repository at:

  git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/pablo/nf-next.git HEAD

for you to fetch changes up to 77a92189ecfd061616ad531d386639aab7baaad9:

  netfilter: nf_tables: report EEXIST on overlaps (2020-08-02 19:53:45 +0200)

----------------------------------------------------------------
Alexander A. Klimov (1):
      netfilter: Replace HTTP links with HTTPS ones

Andrew Sy Kim (1):
      ipvs: queue delayed work to expire no destination connections if expire_nodest_conn=1

Dan Carpenter (1):
      netfilter: nf_tables: Fix a use after free in nft_immediate_destroy()

Gaurav Singh (1):
      netfilter: ip6tables: Remove redundant null checks

Gustavo A. R. Silva (1):
      netfilter: Use fallthrough pseudo-keyword

Pablo Neira Ayuso (2):
      netfilter: nf_tables: extended netlink error reporting for expressions
      netfilter: nf_tables: report EEXIST on overlaps

 include/net/ip_vs.h                        | 29 ++++++++++++++++++
 include/uapi/linux/netfilter/xt_connmark.h |  2 +-
 net/bridge/netfilter/ebtables.c            |  2 +-
 net/decnet/netfilter/dn_rtmsg.c            |  2 +-
 net/ipv6/netfilter/ip6t_ah.c               |  3 +-
 net/ipv6/netfilter/ip6t_frag.c             |  3 +-
 net/ipv6/netfilter/ip6t_hbh.c              |  3 +-
 net/ipv6/netfilter/ip6t_rt.c               |  3 +-
 net/netfilter/Kconfig                      |  2 +-
 net/netfilter/ipset/ip_set_core.c          |  2 +-
 net/netfilter/ipvs/ip_vs_conn.c            | 39 +++++++++++++++++++++++++
 net/netfilter/ipvs/ip_vs_core.c            | 47 +++++++++++++-----------------
 net/netfilter/ipvs/ip_vs_ctl.c             | 22 ++++++++++++++
 net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_h323_asn1.c     |  6 ++--
 net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_proto.c         |  2 +-
 net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_proto_tcp.c     |  2 +-
 net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_standalone.c    |  2 +-
 net/netfilter/nf_nat_core.c                | 12 ++++----
 net/netfilter/nf_synproxy_core.c           |  6 ++--
 net/netfilter/nf_tables_api.c              | 31 +++++++++++---------
 net/netfilter/nf_tables_core.c             |  2 +-
 net/netfilter/nfnetlink_acct.c             |  2 +-
 net/netfilter/nfnetlink_cttimeout.c        |  2 +-
 net/netfilter/nft_cmp.c                    |  4 +--
 net/netfilter/nft_ct.c                     |  6 ++--
 net/netfilter/nft_fib.c                    |  2 +-
 net/netfilter/nft_immediate.c              |  4 +--
 net/netfilter/nft_payload.c                |  2 +-
 net/netfilter/nft_set_pipapo.c             |  4 +--
 net/netfilter/utils.c                      |  8 ++---
 net/netfilter/x_tables.c                   |  2 +-
 net/netfilter/xt_CONNSECMARK.c             |  2 +-
 net/netfilter/xt_connmark.c                |  2 +-
 net/netfilter/xt_nfacct.c                  |  2 +-
 net/netfilter/xt_time.c                    |  2 +-
 35 files changed, 173 insertions(+), 93 deletions(-)

Re: [PATCH 0/7] Netfilter updates for net-next

[David Miller]

From: Pablo Neira Ayuso <pablo@netfilter.org>
Date: Sun,  2 Aug 2020 20:31:41 +0200

> 1) UAF in chain binding support from previous batch, from Dan Carpenter.
> 
> 2) Queue up delayed work to expire connections with no destination,
>    from Andrew Sy Kim.
> 
> 3) Use fallthrough pseudo-keyword, from Gustavo A. R. Silva.
> 
> 4) Replace HTTP links with HTTPS, from Alexander A. Klimov.
> 
> 5) Remove superfluous null header checks in ip6tables, from
>    Gaurav Singh.
> 
> 6) Add extended netlink error reporting for expression.
> 
> 7) Report EEXIST on overlapping chain, set elements and flowtable
>    devices.
> 
> Please, pull these changes from:
> 
>   git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/pablo/nf-next.git

Pulled, thank you.