All of lore.kernel.org
 help / color / mirror / Atom feed
From: Chris Wilson <chris@chris-wilson.co.uk>
To: intel-gfx@lists.freedesktop.org
Subject: [PATCH 62/64] drm/i915: Release vma when the handle is closed
Date: Thu,  7 Jul 2016 09:42:08 +0100	[thread overview]
Message-ID: <1467880930-23082-62-git-send-email-chris@chris-wilson.co.uk> (raw)
In-Reply-To: <1467880930-23082-1-git-send-email-chris@chris-wilson.co.uk>

In order to prevent a leak of the vma on shared objects, we need to
hook into the object_close callback to destroy the vma on the object for
this file. However, if we destroyed that vma immediately we may cause
unexpected application stalls as we try to unbind a busy vma - hence we
defer the unbind to when we retire the vma.

v2: Keep vma allocated until closed. This is useful for a later
optimisation, but it is required now in order to handle potential
recursion of i915_vma_unbind() by retiring itself.
v3: Comments are important.

Testcase: igt/gem_ppggtt/flink-and-close-vma-leak
Signed-off-by: Chris Wilson <chris@chris-wilson.co.uk>
Cc: Tvrtko Ursulin <tvrtko.ursulin@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Daniele Ceraolo Spurio <daniele.ceraolospurio@intel.com>
---
 drivers/gpu/drm/i915/i915_drv.c       |  1 +
 drivers/gpu/drm/i915/i915_drv.h       |  4 +-
 drivers/gpu/drm/i915/i915_gem.c       | 88 ++++++++++++++++++-----------------
 drivers/gpu/drm/i915/i915_gem_evict.c |  8 +---
 drivers/gpu/drm/i915/i915_gem_gtt.c   | 25 ++++++++++
 drivers/gpu/drm/i915/i915_gem_gtt.h   |  1 +
 6 files changed, 77 insertions(+), 50 deletions(-)

diff --git a/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/i915_drv.c b/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/i915_drv.c
index 21ef73e056b2..326493de30a2 100644
--- a/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/i915_drv.c
+++ b/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/i915_drv.c
@@ -2572,6 +2572,7 @@ static struct drm_driver driver = {
 	.postclose = i915_driver_postclose,
 	.set_busid = drm_pci_set_busid,
 
+	.gem_close_object = i915_gem_close_object,
 	.gem_free_object = i915_gem_free_object,
 	.gem_vm_ops = &i915_gem_vm_ops,
 
diff --git a/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/i915_drv.h b/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/i915_drv.h
index 42f2ec097e7c..d4165cb388de 100644
--- a/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/i915_drv.h
+++ b/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/i915_drv.h
@@ -2994,8 +2994,8 @@ struct drm_i915_gem_object *i915_gem_object_create(struct drm_device *dev,
 						  size_t size);
 struct drm_i915_gem_object *i915_gem_object_create_from_data(
 		struct drm_device *dev, const void *data, size_t size);
+void i915_gem_close_object(struct drm_gem_object *gem, struct drm_file *file);
 void i915_gem_free_object(struct drm_gem_object *obj);
-void i915_gem_vma_destroy(struct i915_vma *vma);
 
 /* Flags used by pin/bind&friends. */
 #define PIN_MAPPABLE	(1<<0)
@@ -3028,6 +3028,8 @@ int __must_check i915_vma_unbind(struct i915_vma *vma);
  * _guarantee_ VMA in question is _not in use_ anywhere.
  */
 int __must_check __i915_vma_unbind_no_wait(struct i915_vma *vma);
+void i915_vma_close(struct i915_vma *vma);
+void i915_vma_destroy(struct i915_vma *vma);
 
 int i915_gem_object_unbind(struct drm_i915_gem_object *obj);
 int i915_gem_object_put_pages(struct drm_i915_gem_object *obj);
diff --git a/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/i915_gem.c b/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/i915_gem.c
index 4ebed1eec769..0813ef41a1d1 100644
--- a/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/i915_gem.c
+++ b/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/i915_gem.c
@@ -2595,6 +2595,19 @@ out_rearm:
 	}
 }
 
+void i915_gem_close_object(struct drm_gem_object *gem, struct drm_file *file)
+{
+	struct drm_i915_gem_object *obj = to_intel_bo(gem);
+	struct drm_i915_file_private *fpriv = file->driver_priv;
+	struct i915_vma *vma, *vn;
+
+	mutex_lock(&obj->base.dev->struct_mutex);
+	list_for_each_entry_safe(vma, vn, &obj->vma_list, obj_link)
+		if (vma->vm->file == fpriv)
+			i915_vma_close(vma);
+	mutex_unlock(&obj->base.dev->struct_mutex);
+}
+
 /**
  * i915_gem_wait_ioctl - implements DRM_IOCTL_I915_GEM_WAIT
  * @dev: drm device pointer
@@ -2802,26 +2815,32 @@ static int __i915_vma_unbind(struct i915_vma *vma, bool wait)
 	if (active && wait) {
 		int idx;
 
+		/* When a closed VMA is retired, it is unbound - eek.
+		 * In order to prevent it from being recursively closed,
+		 * take a pin on the vma so that the second unbind is
+		 * aborted.
+		 */
+		vma->pin_count++;
+
 		for_each_active(active, idx) {
 			ret = i915_gem_active_retire(&vma->last_read[idx],
 						   &vma->vm->dev->struct_mutex);
 			if (ret)
-				return ret;
+				break;
 		}
 
+		vma->pin_count--;
+		if (ret)
+			return ret;
+
 		GEM_BUG_ON(i915_vma_is_active(vma));
 	}
 
 	if (vma->pin_count)
 		return -EBUSY;
 
-	if (list_empty(&vma->obj_link))
-		return 0;
-
-	if (!drm_mm_node_allocated(&vma->node)) {
-		i915_gem_vma_destroy(vma);
-		return 0;
-	}
+	if (!drm_mm_node_allocated(&vma->node))
+		goto destroy;
 
 	GEM_BUG_ON(obj->bind_count == 0);
 	GEM_BUG_ON(!obj->pages);
@@ -2854,7 +2873,6 @@ static int __i915_vma_unbind(struct i915_vma *vma, bool wait)
 	}
 
 	drm_mm_remove_node(&vma->node);
-	i915_gem_vma_destroy(vma);
 
 	/* Since the unbound list is global, only move to that list if
 	 * no more VMAs exist. */
@@ -2868,6 +2886,10 @@ static int __i915_vma_unbind(struct i915_vma *vma, bool wait)
 	 */
 	i915_gem_object_unpin_pages(obj);
 
+destroy:
+	if (unlikely(vma->closed))
+		i915_vma_destroy(vma);
+
 	return 0;
 }
 
@@ -3042,7 +3064,7 @@ i915_gem_object_bind_to_vm(struct drm_i915_gem_object *obj,
 
 		if (offset & (alignment - 1) || offset + size > end) {
 			ret = -EINVAL;
-			goto err_free_vma;
+			goto err_vma;
 		}
 		vma->node.start = offset;
 		vma->node.size = size;
@@ -3054,7 +3076,7 @@ i915_gem_object_bind_to_vm(struct drm_i915_gem_object *obj,
 				ret = drm_mm_reserve_node(&vm->mm, &vma->node);
 		}
 		if (ret)
-			goto err_free_vma;
+			goto err_vma;
 	} else {
 		if (flags & PIN_HIGH) {
 			search_flag = DRM_MM_SEARCH_BELOW;
@@ -3079,7 +3101,7 @@ search_free:
 			if (ret == 0)
 				goto search_free;
 
-			goto err_free_vma;
+			goto err_vma;
 		}
 	}
 	if (WARN_ON(!i915_gem_valid_gtt_space(vma, obj->cache_level))) {
@@ -3100,8 +3122,7 @@ search_free:
 
 err_remove_node:
 	drm_mm_remove_node(&vma->node);
-err_free_vma:
-	i915_gem_vma_destroy(vma);
+err_vma:
 	vma = ERR_PTR(ret);
 err_unpin:
 	i915_gem_object_unpin_pages(obj);
@@ -4055,21 +4076,18 @@ void i915_gem_free_object(struct drm_gem_object *gem_obj)
 
 	trace_i915_gem_object_destroy(obj);
 
+	/* All file-owned VMA should have been released by this point through
+	 * i915_gem_close_object(), or earlier by i915_gem_context_close().
+	 * However, the object may also be bound into the global GTT (e.g.
+	 * older GPUs without per-process support, or for direct access through
+	 * the GTT either for the user or for scanout). Those VMA still need to
+	 * unbound now.
+	 */
 	list_for_each_entry_safe(vma, next, &obj->vma_list, obj_link) {
-		int ret;
-
+		GEM_BUG_ON(!vma->is_ggtt);
+		GEM_BUG_ON(i915_vma_is_active(vma));
 		vma->pin_count = 0;
-		ret = i915_vma_unbind(vma);
-		if (WARN_ON(ret == -ERESTARTSYS)) {
-			bool was_interruptible;
-
-			was_interruptible = dev_priv->mm.interruptible;
-			dev_priv->mm.interruptible = false;
-
-			WARN_ON(i915_vma_unbind(vma));
-
-			dev_priv->mm.interruptible = was_interruptible;
-		}
+		i915_vma_close(vma);
 	}
 	GEM_BUG_ON(obj->bind_count);
 
@@ -4134,22 +4152,6 @@ struct i915_vma *i915_gem_obj_to_ggtt_view(struct drm_i915_gem_object *obj,
 	return NULL;
 }
 
-void i915_gem_vma_destroy(struct i915_vma *vma)
-{
-	WARN_ON(vma->node.allocated);
-
-	/* Keep the vma as a placeholder in the execbuffer reservation lists */
-	if (!list_empty(&vma->exec_list))
-		return;
-
-	if (!vma->is_ggtt)
-		i915_ppgtt_put(i915_vm_to_ppgtt(vma->vm));
-
-	list_del(&vma->obj_link);
-
-	kmem_cache_free(to_i915(vma->obj->base.dev)->vmas, vma);
-}
-
 static void
 i915_gem_stop_engines(struct drm_device *dev)
 {
diff --git a/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/i915_gem_evict.c b/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/i915_gem_evict.c
index 5a02c32e9ae6..2a9adc802e85 100644
--- a/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/i915_gem_evict.c
+++ b/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/i915_gem_evict.c
@@ -213,8 +213,8 @@ found:
 				       struct i915_vma,
 				       exec_list);
 		if (drm_mm_scan_remove_block(&vma->node)) {
+			vma->pin_count++;
 			list_move(&vma->exec_list, &eviction_list);
-			i915_gem_object_get(vma->obj);
 			continue;
 		}
 		list_del_init(&vma->exec_list);
@@ -222,18 +222,14 @@ found:
 
 	/* Unbinding will emit any required flushes */
 	while (!list_empty(&eviction_list)) {
-		struct drm_i915_gem_object *obj;
-
 		vma = list_first_entry(&eviction_list,
 				       struct i915_vma,
 				       exec_list);
 
-		obj =  vma->obj;
 		list_del_init(&vma->exec_list);
+		vma->pin_count--;
 		if (ret == 0)
 			ret = i915_vma_unbind(vma);
-
-		i915_gem_object_put(obj);
 	}
 
 	return ret;
diff --git a/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/i915_gem_gtt.c b/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/i915_gem_gtt.c
index 72d2812bbbf5..db47b7588a83 100644
--- a/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/i915_gem_gtt.c
+++ b/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/i915_gem_gtt.c
@@ -3340,6 +3340,31 @@ i915_vma_retire(struct i915_gem_active *active,
 		return;
 
 	list_move_tail(&vma->vm_link, &vma->vm->inactive_list);
+	if (unlikely(vma->closed && !vma->pin_count))
+		WARN_ON(i915_vma_unbind(vma));
+}
+
+void i915_vma_destroy(struct i915_vma *vma)
+{
+	GEM_BUG_ON(vma->node.allocated);
+	GEM_BUG_ON(i915_vma_is_active(vma));
+	GEM_BUG_ON(!vma->closed);
+
+	list_del(&vma->vm_link);
+	if (!vma->is_ggtt)
+		i915_ppgtt_put(i915_vm_to_ppgtt(vma->vm));
+
+	kmem_cache_free(to_i915(vma->obj->base.dev)->vmas, vma);
+}
+
+void i915_vma_close(struct i915_vma *vma)
+{
+	GEM_BUG_ON(vma->closed);
+	vma->closed = true;
+
+	list_del_init(&vma->obj_link);
+	if (!i915_vma_is_active(vma) && !vma->pin_count)
+		WARN_ON(i915_vma_unbind(vma));
 }
 
 static struct i915_vma *
diff --git a/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/i915_gem_gtt.h b/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/i915_gem_gtt.h
index 7efe135c0944..a4f491dc1dae 100644
--- a/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/i915_gem_gtt.h
+++ b/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/i915_gem_gtt.h
@@ -189,6 +189,7 @@ struct i915_vma {
 	unsigned int bound : 4;
 	unsigned int active : I915_NUM_ENGINES;
 	bool is_ggtt : 1;
+	bool closed : 1;
 
 	/**
 	 * Support different GGTT views into the same object.
-- 
2.8.1

_______________________________________________
Intel-gfx mailing list
Intel-gfx@lists.freedesktop.org
https://lists.freedesktop.org/mailman/listinfo/intel-gfx

  parent reply	other threads:[~2016-07-07  8:43 UTC|newest]

Thread overview: 93+ messages / expand[flat|nested]  mbox.gz  Atom feed  top
2016-07-07  8:41 [PATCH 01/64] drm/i915/breadcrumbs: Queue hangcheck before sleeping Chris Wilson
2016-07-07  8:41 ` [PATCH 02/64] drm/i915: Preserve current RPS frequency across init Chris Wilson
2016-07-07  8:41 ` [PATCH 03/64] drm/i915: Remove superfluous powersave work flushing Chris Wilson
2016-07-07  8:41 ` [PATCH 04/64] drm/i915: Defer enabling rc6 til after we submit the first batch/context Chris Wilson
2016-07-07  8:41 ` [PATCH 05/64] drm/i915: Remove temporary RPM wakeref assert disables Chris Wilson
2016-07-07  8:41 ` [PATCH 06/64] drm: Restore double clflush on the last partial cacheline Chris Wilson
2016-07-12 13:57   ` Daniel Vetter
2016-07-12 13:57     ` Daniel Vetter
2016-07-13  8:07     ` [Intel-gfx] " Mika Kuoppala
2016-07-13  8:07       ` Mika Kuoppala
2016-07-07  8:41 ` [PATCH 07/64] drm/i915: Move GEM request routines to i915_gem_request.c Chris Wilson
2016-07-07  8:41 ` [PATCH 08/64] drm/i915: Retire oldest completed request before allocating next Chris Wilson
2016-07-07  9:41   ` Tvrtko Ursulin
2016-07-07  9:45     ` Chris Wilson
2016-07-07 10:03       ` Tvrtko Ursulin
2016-07-07 10:10         ` Chris Wilson
2016-07-08  9:21   ` Mika Kuoppala
2016-07-08  9:28     ` Chris Wilson
2016-07-07  8:41 ` [PATCH 09/64] drm/i915: Mark all current requests as complete before resetting them Chris Wilson
2016-07-07 16:09   ` Mika Kuoppala
2016-07-07  8:41 ` [PATCH 10/64] drm/i915: Derive GEM requests from dma-fence Chris Wilson
2016-07-07  8:41 ` [PATCH 11/64] drm/i915: Disable waitboosting for fence_wait() Chris Wilson
2016-07-07  8:41 ` [PATCH 12/64] drm/i915: Disable waitboosting for mmioflips/semaphores Chris Wilson
2016-07-07  8:41 ` [PATCH 13/64] drm/i915: Export our request as a dma-buf fence on the reservation object Chris Wilson
2016-07-07  8:41 ` [PATCH 14/64] drm/i915: Wait on external rendering for GEM objects Chris Wilson
2016-07-07  8:41 ` [PATCH 15/64] drm/i915: Mark imported dma-buf objects as being coherent Chris Wilson
2016-07-07  8:41 ` [PATCH 16/64] drm/i915: Rename request reference/unreference to get/put Chris Wilson
2016-07-07  8:41 ` [PATCH 17/64] drm/i915: Rename i915_gem_context_reference/unreference() Chris Wilson
2016-07-07  8:41 ` [PATCH 18/64] drm/i915: Wrap drm_gem_object_lookup in i915_gem_object_lookup Chris Wilson
2016-07-07  8:41 ` [PATCH 19/64] drm/i915: Wrap drm_gem_object_reference in i915_gem_object_get Chris Wilson
2016-07-07  8:41 ` [PATCH 20/64] drm/i915: Rename drm_gem_object_unreference in preparation for lockless free Chris Wilson
2016-07-07  8:41 ` [PATCH 21/64] drm/i915: Rename drm_gem_object_unreference_unlocked " Chris Wilson
2016-07-07  8:41 ` [PATCH 22/64] drm/i915: Treat ringbuffer writes as write to normal memory Chris Wilson
2016-07-07  8:41 ` [PATCH 23/64] drm/i915: Rename ring->virtual_start as ring->vaddr Chris Wilson
2016-07-07  8:41 ` [PATCH 24/64] drm/i915: Convert i915_semaphores_is_enabled over to early sanitize Chris Wilson
2016-07-07  8:41 ` [PATCH 25/64] drm/i915: Unify intel_logical_ring_emit and intel_ring_emit Chris Wilson
2016-07-07  8:41 ` [PATCH 26/64] drm/i915: Rename request->ringbuf to request->ring Chris Wilson
2016-07-07  8:41 ` [PATCH 27/64] drm/i915: Rename backpointer from intel_ringbuffer to intel_engine_cs Chris Wilson
2016-07-07  8:41 ` [PATCH 28/64] drm/i915: Rename intel_context[engine].ringbuf Chris Wilson
2016-07-07  8:41 ` [PATCH 29/64] drm/i915: Rename struct intel_ringbuffer to struct intel_ring Chris Wilson
2016-07-07  8:41 ` [PATCH 30/64] drm/i915: Rename residual ringbuf parameters Chris Wilson
2016-07-07  8:41 ` [PATCH 31/64] drm/i915: Rename intel_pin_and_map_ring() Chris Wilson
2016-07-07  8:41 ` [PATCH 32/64] drm/i915: Remove obsolete engine->gpu_caches_dirty Chris Wilson
2016-07-07  8:41 ` [PATCH 33/64] drm/i915: Simplify request_alloc by returning the allocated request Chris Wilson
2016-07-07  8:41 ` [PATCH 34/64] drm/i915: Unify legacy/execlists emission of MI_BATCHBUFFER_START Chris Wilson
2016-07-07  8:41 ` [PATCH 35/64] drm/i915: Convert engine->write_tail to operate on a request Chris Wilson
2016-07-07  8:41 ` [PATCH 36/64] drm/i915: Unify request submission Chris Wilson
2016-07-07  8:41 ` [PATCH 37/64] drm/i915: Stop passing caller's num_dwords to engine->semaphore.signal() Chris Wilson
2016-07-07  8:41 ` [PATCH 38/64] drm/i915: Reuse legacy breadcrumbs + tail emission Chris Wilson
2016-07-07  8:41 ` [PATCH 39/64] drm/i915/ringbuffer: Specialise SNB+ request emission for semaphores Chris Wilson
2016-07-07  8:41 ` [PATCH 40/64] drm/i915: Remove duplicate golden render state init from execlists Chris Wilson
2016-07-07  8:41 ` [PATCH 41/64] drm/i915: Unify legacy/execlists submit_execbuf callbacks Chris Wilson
2016-07-07  8:41 ` [PATCH 42/64] drm/i915: Simplify calling engine->sync_to Chris Wilson
2016-07-07  8:41 ` [PATCH 43/64] drm/i915: Amalgamate GGTT/ppGTT vma debug list walkers Chris Wilson
2016-07-07  8:41 ` [PATCH 44/64] drm/i915: Split early global GTT initialisation Chris Wilson
2016-07-07  8:41 ` [PATCH 45/64] drm/i915: Store owning file on the i915_address_space Chris Wilson
2016-07-07  8:41 ` [PATCH 46/64] drm/i915: Count how many VMA are bound for an object Chris Wilson
2016-07-12 14:30   ` Tvrtko Ursulin
2016-07-12 14:38     ` Chris Wilson
2016-07-12 15:12       ` Tvrtko Ursulin
2016-07-12 16:08         ` Chris Wilson
2016-07-07  8:41 ` [PATCH 47/64] drm/i915: Be more careful when unbinding vma Chris Wilson
2016-07-12 15:04   ` Tvrtko Ursulin
2016-07-12 16:42     ` Chris Wilson
2016-07-13  8:53       ` Tvrtko Ursulin
2016-07-07  8:41 ` [PATCH 48/64] drm/i915: Kill drop_pages() Chris Wilson
2016-07-12 15:14   ` Tvrtko Ursulin
2016-07-07  8:41 ` [PATCH 49/64] drm/i915: Introduce i915_gem_active for request tracking Chris Wilson
2016-07-12 16:05   ` Tvrtko Ursulin
2016-07-12 16:30     ` Chris Wilson
2016-07-13  8:54       ` Tvrtko Ursulin
2016-07-07  8:41 ` [PATCH 50/64] drm/i915: Prepare i915_gem_active for annotations Chris Wilson
2016-07-13 15:40   ` Tvrtko Ursulin
2016-07-13 15:58     ` Chris Wilson
2016-07-14  9:32       ` Tvrtko Ursulin
2016-07-14 10:04         ` Chris Wilson
2016-07-07  8:41 ` [PATCH 51/64] drm/i915: Mark up i915_gem_active for locking annotation Chris Wilson
2016-07-07  8:41 ` [PATCH 52/64] drm/i915: Refactor blocking waits Chris Wilson
2016-07-07  8:41 ` [PATCH 53/64] drm/i915: Rename request->list to link for consistency Chris Wilson
2016-07-07  8:42 ` [PATCH 54/64] drm/i915: Remove obsolete i915_gem_object_flush_active() Chris Wilson
2016-07-07  8:42 ` [PATCH 55/64] drm/i915: Refactor activity tracking for requests Chris Wilson
2016-07-07  8:42 ` [PATCH 56/64] drm/i915: Convert intel_overlay to request tracking Chris Wilson
2016-07-07  8:42 ` [PATCH 57/64] drm/i915: Move the special case wait-request handling to its one caller Chris Wilson
2016-07-07  8:42 ` [PATCH 58/64] drm/i915: Double check activity before relocations Chris Wilson
2016-07-07  8:42 ` [PATCH 59/64] drm/i915: Move request list retirement to i915_gem_request.c Chris Wilson
2016-07-07  8:42 ` [PATCH 60/64] drm/i915: i915_vma_move_to_active prep patch Chris Wilson
2016-07-07  8:42 ` [PATCH 61/64] drm/i915: Track active vma requests Chris Wilson
2016-07-07  8:42 ` Chris Wilson [this message]
2016-07-07  8:42 ` [PATCH 63/64] drm/i915: Mark the context and address space as closed Chris Wilson
2016-07-07  8:42 ` [PATCH 64/64] Revert "drm/i915: Clean up associated VMAs on context destruction" Chris Wilson
2016-07-07  9:12 ` ✗ Ro.CI.BAT: warning for series starting with [01/64] drm/i915/breadcrumbs: Queue hangcheck before sleeping Patchwork
2016-07-07  9:28   ` Chris Wilson
2016-07-08  8:44     ` Chris Wilson

Reply instructions:

You may reply publicly to this message via plain-text email
using any one of the following methods:

* Save the following mbox file, import it into your mail client,
  and reply-to-all from there: mbox

  Avoid top-posting and favor interleaved quoting:
  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Posting_style#Interleaved_style

* Reply using the --to, --cc, and --in-reply-to
  switches of git-send-email(1):

  git send-email \
    --in-reply-to=1467880930-23082-62-git-send-email-chris@chris-wilson.co.uk \
    --to=chris@chris-wilson.co.uk \
    --cc=intel-gfx@lists.freedesktop.org \
    /path/to/YOUR_REPLY

  https://kernel.org/pub/software/scm/git/docs/git-send-email.html

* If your mail client supports setting the In-Reply-To header
  via mailto: links, try the mailto: link
Be sure your reply has a Subject: header at the top and a blank line before the message body.
This is an external index of several public inboxes,
see mirroring instructions on how to clone and mirror
all data and code used by this external index.