[PATCHSET v3] slab: make memcg slab destruction scalable

[PATCHSET v3] slab: make memcg slab destruction scalable

[Tejun Heo]

Changes from [V2] to V3.

* 0002-slub-separate-out-sysfs_slab_release-from-sysfs_slab.patch
  separated out from
  0002-slab-remove-synchronous-rcu_barrier-call-in-memcg-ca.patch.

* 0002-slab-remove-synchronous-rcu_barrier-call-in-memcg-ca.patch
  replaced with
  0003-slab-remove-synchronous-rcu_barrier-call-in-memcg-ca.patch.
  It now keeps rcu_barrier() in the kmem_cache destruction path.

* 0010-slab-memcg-wq.patch added to limit concurrency on destruction
  work items.

Changes from [V1] to [V2].

* 0002-slab-remove-synchronous-rcu_barrier-call-in-memcg-ca.patch was
  incorrect and dropped.

* 0006-slab-don-t-put-memcg-caches-on-slab_caches-list.patch
  incorrectly converted places which needed to walk all caches.
  Replaced with 0005-slab-implement-slab_root_caches-list.patch which
  adds root-only list instead of converting slab_caches list to list
  only root caches.

* Misc fixes.

With kmem cgroup support enabled, kmem_caches can be created and
destroyed frequently and a great number of near empty kmem_caches can
accumulate if there are a lot of transient cgroups and the system is
not under memory pressure.  When memory reclaim starts under such
conditions, it can lead to consecutive deactivation and destruction of
many kmem_caches, easily hundreds of thousands on moderately large
systems, exposing scalability issues in the current slab management
code.

I've seen machines which end up with hundred thousands of caches and
many millions of kernfs_nodes.  The current code is O(N^2) on the
total number of caches and has synchronous rcu_barrier() and
synchronize_sched() in cgroup offline / release path which is executed
while holding cgroup_mutex.  Combined, this leads to very expensive
and slow cache destruction operations which can easily keep running
for half a day.

This also messes up /proc/slabinfo along with other cache iterating
operations.  seq_file operates on 4k chunks and on each 4k boundary
tries to seek to the last position in the list.  With a huge number of
caches on the list, this becomes very slow and very prone to the list
content changing underneath it leading to a lot of missing and/or
duplicate entries.

This patchset addresses the scalability problem.

* Add root and per-memcg lists.  Update each user to use the
  appropriate list.

* Make rcu_barrier() for SLAB_DESTROY_BY_RCU caches globally batched
  and asynchronous.

* For dying empty slub caches, remove the sysfs files after
  deactivation so that we don't end up with millions of sysfs files
  without any useful information on them.

This patchset contains the following nine patches.

 0001-Revert-slub-move-synchronize_sched-out-of-slab_mutex.patch
 0002-slub-separate-out-sysfs_slab_release-from-sysfs_slab.patch
 0003-slab-remove-synchronous-rcu_barrier-call-in-memcg-ca.patch
 0004-slab-reorganize-memcg_cache_params.patch
 0005-slab-link-memcg-kmem_caches-on-their-associated-memo.patch
 0006-slab-implement-slab_root_caches-list.patch
 0007-slab-introduce-__kmemcg_cache_deactivate.patch
 0008-slab-remove-synchronous-synchronize_sched-from-memcg.patch
 0009-slab-remove-slub-sysfs-interface-files-early-for-emp.patch
 0010-slab-use-memcg_kmem_cache_wq-for-slab-destruction-op.patch

0001 reverts an existing optimization to prepare for the following
changes.  0002 is a prep patch.  0003 makes rcu_barrier() in release
path batched and asynchronous.  0004-0006 separate out the lists.
0007-0008 replace synchronize_sched() in slub destruction path with
call_rcu_sched().  0009 removes sysfs files early for empty dying
caches.  0010 makes destruction work items use a workqueue with
limited concurrency.

This patchset is on top of the current linus#master a121103c9228 and
also available in the following git branch.

 git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tj/misc.git review-kmemcg-scalability

diffstat follows.  Thanks.

 include/linux/memcontrol.h |    2 
 include/linux/slab.h       |   45 +++++--
 include/linux/slub_def.h   |    4 
 mm/memcontrol.c            |   23 +--
 mm/slab.c                  |    7 +
 mm/slab.h                  |   27 +++-
 mm/slab_common.c           |  289 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++----------------
 mm/slub.c                  |   55 ++++++++
 8 files changed, 325 insertions(+), 127 deletions(-)

--
tejun

[V1] http://lkml.kernel.org/r/<20170114055449.11044-1-tj@kernel.org>
[V2] http://lkml.kernel.org/r/<20170114184834.8658-1-tj@kernel.org>

[PATCHSET v3] slab: make memcg slab destruction scalable

[Tejun Heo]

Changes from [V2] to V3.

* 0002-slub-separate-out-sysfs_slab_release-from-sysfs_slab.patch
  separated out from
  0002-slab-remove-synchronous-rcu_barrier-call-in-memcg-ca.patch.

* 0002-slab-remove-synchronous-rcu_barrier-call-in-memcg-ca.patch
  replaced with
  0003-slab-remove-synchronous-rcu_barrier-call-in-memcg-ca.patch.
  It now keeps rcu_barrier() in the kmem_cache destruction path.

* 0010-slab-memcg-wq.patch added to limit concurrency on destruction
  work items.

Changes from [V1] to [V2].

* 0002-slab-remove-synchronous-rcu_barrier-call-in-memcg-ca.patch was
  incorrect and dropped.

* 0006-slab-don-t-put-memcg-caches-on-slab_caches-list.patch
  incorrectly converted places which needed to walk all caches.
  Replaced with 0005-slab-implement-slab_root_caches-list.patch which
  adds root-only list instead of converting slab_caches list to list
  only root caches.

* Misc fixes.

With kmem cgroup support enabled, kmem_caches can be created and
destroyed frequently and a great number of near empty kmem_caches can
accumulate if there are a lot of transient cgroups and the system is
not under memory pressure.  When memory reclaim starts under such
conditions, it can lead to consecutive deactivation and destruction of
many kmem_caches, easily hundreds of thousands on moderately large
systems, exposing scalability issues in the current slab management
code.

I've seen machines which end up with hundred thousands of caches and
many millions of kernfs_nodes.  The current code is O(N^2) on the
total number of caches and has synchronous rcu_barrier() and
synchronize_sched() in cgroup offline / release path which is executed
while holding cgroup_mutex.  Combined, this leads to very expensive
and slow cache destruction operations which can easily keep running
for half a day.

This also messes up /proc/slabinfo along with other cache iterating
operations.  seq_file operates on 4k chunks and on each 4k boundary
tries to seek to the last position in the list.  With a huge number of
caches on the list, this becomes very slow and very prone to the list
content changing underneath it leading to a lot of missing and/or
duplicate entries.

This patchset addresses the scalability problem.

* Add root and per-memcg lists.  Update each user to use the
  appropriate list.

* Make rcu_barrier() for SLAB_DESTROY_BY_RCU caches globally batched
  and asynchronous.

* For dying empty slub caches, remove the sysfs files after
  deactivation so that we don't end up with millions of sysfs files
  without any useful information on them.

This patchset contains the following nine patches.

 0001-Revert-slub-move-synchronize_sched-out-of-slab_mutex.patch
 0002-slub-separate-out-sysfs_slab_release-from-sysfs_slab.patch
 0003-slab-remove-synchronous-rcu_barrier-call-in-memcg-ca.patch
 0004-slab-reorganize-memcg_cache_params.patch
 0005-slab-link-memcg-kmem_caches-on-their-associated-memo.patch
 0006-slab-implement-slab_root_caches-list.patch
 0007-slab-introduce-__kmemcg_cache_deactivate.patch
 0008-slab-remove-synchronous-synchronize_sched-from-memcg.patch
 0009-slab-remove-slub-sysfs-interface-files-early-for-emp.patch
 0010-slab-use-memcg_kmem_cache_wq-for-slab-destruction-op.patch

0001 reverts an existing optimization to prepare for the following
changes.  0002 is a prep patch.  0003 makes rcu_barrier() in release
path batched and asynchronous.  0004-0006 separate out the lists.
0007-0008 replace synchronize_sched() in slub destruction path with
call_rcu_sched().  0009 removes sysfs files early for empty dying
caches.  0010 makes destruction work items use a workqueue with
limited concurrency.

This patchset is on top of the current linus#master a121103c9228 and
also available in the following git branch.

 git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tj/misc.git review-kmemcg-scalability

diffstat follows.  Thanks.

 include/linux/memcontrol.h |    2 
 include/linux/slab.h       |   45 +++++--
 include/linux/slub_def.h   |    4 
 mm/memcontrol.c            |   23 +--
 mm/slab.c                  |    7 +
 mm/slab.h                  |   27 +++-
 mm/slab_common.c           |  289 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++----------------
 mm/slub.c                  |   55 ++++++++
 8 files changed, 325 insertions(+), 127 deletions(-)

--
tejun

[V1] http://lkml.kernel.org/r/<20170114055449.11044-1-tj@kernel.org>
[V2] http://lkml.kernel.org/r/<20170114184834.8658-1-tj@kernel.org>

--
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[PATCH 01/10] Revert "slub: move synchronize_sched out of slab_mutex on shrink"

[Tejun Heo]

This reverts commit 89e364db71fb5e7fc8d93228152abfa67daf35fa.

With kmem cgroup support enabled, kmem_caches can be created and
destroyed frequently and a great number of near empty kmem_caches can
accumulate if there are a lot of transient cgroups and the system is
not under memory pressure.  When memory reclaim starts under such
conditions, it can lead to consecutive deactivation and destruction of
many kmem_caches, easily hundreds of thousands on moderately large
systems, exposing scalability issues in the current slab management
code.  This is one of the patches to address the issue.

Moving synchronize_sched() out of slab_mutex isn't enough as it's
still inside cgroup_mutex.  The whole deactivation / release path will
be updated to avoid all synchronous RCU operations.  Revert this
insufficient optimization in preparation to ease future changes.

Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Reported-by: Jay Vana <jsvana@fb.com>
Cc: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov.dev@gmail.com>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
---
 mm/slab.c        |  4 ++--
 mm/slab.h        |  2 +-
 mm/slab_common.c | 27 ++-------------------------
 mm/slob.c        |  2 +-
 mm/slub.c        | 19 +++++++++++++++++--
 5 files changed, 23 insertions(+), 31 deletions(-)

diff --git a/mm/slab.c b/mm/slab.c
index 29bc6c0..767e8e4 100644
--- a/mm/slab.c
+++ b/mm/slab.c
@@ -2314,7 +2314,7 @@ static int drain_freelist(struct kmem_cache *cache,
 	return nr_freed;
 }
 
-int __kmem_cache_shrink(struct kmem_cache *cachep)
+int __kmem_cache_shrink(struct kmem_cache *cachep, bool deactivate)
 {
 	int ret = 0;
 	int node;
@@ -2334,7 +2334,7 @@ int __kmem_cache_shrink(struct kmem_cache *cachep)
 
 int __kmem_cache_shutdown(struct kmem_cache *cachep)
 {
-	return __kmem_cache_shrink(cachep);
+	return __kmem_cache_shrink(cachep, false);
 }
 
 void __kmem_cache_release(struct kmem_cache *cachep)
diff --git a/mm/slab.h b/mm/slab.h
index de6579d..4acc644 100644
--- a/mm/slab.h
+++ b/mm/slab.h
@@ -161,7 +161,7 @@ static inline unsigned long kmem_cache_flags(unsigned long object_size,
 
 int __kmem_cache_shutdown(struct kmem_cache *);
 void __kmem_cache_release(struct kmem_cache *);
-int __kmem_cache_shrink(struct kmem_cache *);
+int __kmem_cache_shrink(struct kmem_cache *, bool);
 void slab_kmem_cache_release(struct kmem_cache *);
 
 struct seq_file;
diff --git a/mm/slab_common.c b/mm/slab_common.c
index ae32384..46ff746 100644
--- a/mm/slab_common.c
+++ b/mm/slab_common.c
@@ -579,29 +579,6 @@ void memcg_deactivate_kmem_caches(struct mem_cgroup *memcg)
 	get_online_cpus();
 	get_online_mems();
 
-#ifdef CONFIG_SLUB
-	/*
-	 * In case of SLUB, we need to disable empty slab caching to
-	 * avoid pinning the offline memory cgroup by freeable kmem
-	 * pages charged to it. SLAB doesn't need this, as it
-	 * periodically purges unused slabs.
-	 */
-	mutex_lock(&slab_mutex);
-	list_for_each_entry(s, &slab_caches, list) {
-		c = is_root_cache(s) ? cache_from_memcg_idx(s, idx) : NULL;
-		if (c) {
-			c->cpu_partial = 0;
-			c->min_partial = 0;
-		}
-	}
-	mutex_unlock(&slab_mutex);
-	/*
-	 * kmem_cache->cpu_partial is checked locklessly (see
-	 * put_cpu_partial()). Make sure the change is visible.
-	 */
-	synchronize_sched();
-#endif
-
 	mutex_lock(&slab_mutex);
 	list_for_each_entry(s, &slab_caches, list) {
 		if (!is_root_cache(s))
@@ -613,7 +590,7 @@ void memcg_deactivate_kmem_caches(struct mem_cgroup *memcg)
 		if (!c)
 			continue;
 
-		__kmem_cache_shrink(c);
+		__kmem_cache_shrink(c, true);
 		arr->entries[idx] = NULL;
 	}
 	mutex_unlock(&slab_mutex);
@@ -784,7 +761,7 @@ int kmem_cache_shrink(struct kmem_cache *cachep)
 	get_online_cpus();
 	get_online_mems();
 	kasan_cache_shrink(cachep);
-	ret = __kmem_cache_shrink(cachep);
+	ret = __kmem_cache_shrink(cachep, false);
 	put_online_mems();
 	put_online_cpus();
 	return ret;
diff --git a/mm/slob.c b/mm/slob.c
index eac04d4..5ec1580 100644
--- a/mm/slob.c
+++ b/mm/slob.c
@@ -634,7 +634,7 @@ void __kmem_cache_release(struct kmem_cache *c)
 {
 }
 
-int __kmem_cache_shrink(struct kmem_cache *d)
+int __kmem_cache_shrink(struct kmem_cache *d, bool deactivate)
 {
 	return 0;
 }
diff --git a/mm/slub.c b/mm/slub.c
index 067598a..68b84f9 100644
--- a/mm/slub.c
+++ b/mm/slub.c
@@ -3883,7 +3883,7 @@ EXPORT_SYMBOL(kfree);
  * being allocated from last increasing the chance that the last objects
  * are freed in them.
  */
-int __kmem_cache_shrink(struct kmem_cache *s)
+int __kmem_cache_shrink(struct kmem_cache *s, bool deactivate)
 {
 	int node;
 	int i;
@@ -3895,6 +3895,21 @@ int __kmem_cache_shrink(struct kmem_cache *s)
 	unsigned long flags;
 	int ret = 0;
 
+	if (deactivate) {
+		/*
+		 * Disable empty slabs caching. Used to avoid pinning offline
+		 * memory cgroups by kmem pages that can be freed.
+		 */
+		s->cpu_partial = 0;
+		s->min_partial = 0;
+
+		/*
+		 * s->cpu_partial is checked locklessly (see put_cpu_partial),
+		 * so we have to make sure the change is visible.
+		 */
+		synchronize_sched();
+	}
+
 	flush_all(s);
 	for_each_kmem_cache_node(s, node, n) {
 		INIT_LIST_HEAD(&discard);
@@ -3951,7 +3966,7 @@ static int slab_mem_going_offline_callback(void *arg)
 
 	mutex_lock(&slab_mutex);
 	list_for_each_entry(s, &slab_caches, list)
-		__kmem_cache_shrink(s);
+		__kmem_cache_shrink(s, false);
 	mutex_unlock(&slab_mutex);
 
 	return 0;
-- 
2.9.3

[PATCH 01/10] Revert "slub: move synchronize_sched out of slab_mutex on shrink"

[Tejun Heo]

This reverts commit 89e364db71fb5e7fc8d93228152abfa67daf35fa.

With kmem cgroup support enabled, kmem_caches can be created and
destroyed frequently and a great number of near empty kmem_caches can
accumulate if there are a lot of transient cgroups and the system is
not under memory pressure.  When memory reclaim starts under such
conditions, it can lead to consecutive deactivation and destruction of
many kmem_caches, easily hundreds of thousands on moderately large
systems, exposing scalability issues in the current slab management
code.  This is one of the patches to address the issue.

Moving synchronize_sched() out of slab_mutex isn't enough as it's
still inside cgroup_mutex.  The whole deactivation / release path will
be updated to avoid all synchronous RCU operations.  Revert this
insufficient optimization in preparation to ease future changes.

Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Reported-by: Jay Vana <jsvana@fb.com>
Cc: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov.dev@gmail.com>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
---
 mm/slab.c        |  4 ++--
 mm/slab.h        |  2 +-
 mm/slab_common.c | 27 ++-------------------------
 mm/slob.c        |  2 +-
 mm/slub.c        | 19 +++++++++++++++++--
 5 files changed, 23 insertions(+), 31 deletions(-)

diff --git a/mm/slab.c b/mm/slab.c
index 29bc6c0..767e8e4 100644
--- a/mm/slab.c
+++ b/mm/slab.c
@@ -2314,7 +2314,7 @@ static int drain_freelist(struct kmem_cache *cache,
 	return nr_freed;
 }
 
-int __kmem_cache_shrink(struct kmem_cache *cachep)
+int __kmem_cache_shrink(struct kmem_cache *cachep, bool deactivate)
 {
 	int ret = 0;
 	int node;
@@ -2334,7 +2334,7 @@ int __kmem_cache_shrink(struct kmem_cache *cachep)
 
 int __kmem_cache_shutdown(struct kmem_cache *cachep)
 {
-	return __kmem_cache_shrink(cachep);
+	return __kmem_cache_shrink(cachep, false);
 }
 
 void __kmem_cache_release(struct kmem_cache *cachep)
diff --git a/mm/slab.h b/mm/slab.h
index de6579d..4acc644 100644
--- a/mm/slab.h
+++ b/mm/slab.h
@@ -161,7 +161,7 @@ static inline unsigned long kmem_cache_flags(unsigned long object_size,
 
 int __kmem_cache_shutdown(struct kmem_cache *);
 void __kmem_cache_release(struct kmem_cache *);
-int __kmem_cache_shrink(struct kmem_cache *);
+int __kmem_cache_shrink(struct kmem_cache *, bool);
 void slab_kmem_cache_release(struct kmem_cache *);
 
 struct seq_file;
diff --git a/mm/slab_common.c b/mm/slab_common.c
index ae32384..46ff746 100644
--- a/mm/slab_common.c
+++ b/mm/slab_common.c
@@ -579,29 +579,6 @@ void memcg_deactivate_kmem_caches(struct mem_cgroup *memcg)
 	get_online_cpus();
 	get_online_mems();
 
-#ifdef CONFIG_SLUB
-	/*
-	 * In case of SLUB, we need to disable empty slab caching to
-	 * avoid pinning the offline memory cgroup by freeable kmem
-	 * pages charged to it. SLAB doesn't need this, as it
-	 * periodically purges unused slabs.
-	 */
-	mutex_lock(&slab_mutex);
-	list_for_each_entry(s, &slab_caches, list) {
-		c = is_root_cache(s) ? cache_from_memcg_idx(s, idx) : NULL;
-		if (c) {
-			c->cpu_partial = 0;
-			c->min_partial = 0;
-		}
-	}
-	mutex_unlock(&slab_mutex);
-	/*
-	 * kmem_cache->cpu_partial is checked locklessly (see
-	 * put_cpu_partial()). Make sure the change is visible.
-	 */
-	synchronize_sched();
-#endif
-
 	mutex_lock(&slab_mutex);
 	list_for_each_entry(s, &slab_caches, list) {
 		if (!is_root_cache(s))
@@ -613,7 +590,7 @@ void memcg_deactivate_kmem_caches(struct mem_cgroup *memcg)
 		if (!c)
 			continue;
 
-		__kmem_cache_shrink(c);
+		__kmem_cache_shrink(c, true);
 		arr->entries[idx] = NULL;
 	}
 	mutex_unlock(&slab_mutex);
@@ -784,7 +761,7 @@ int kmem_cache_shrink(struct kmem_cache *cachep)
 	get_online_cpus();
 	get_online_mems();
 	kasan_cache_shrink(cachep);
-	ret = __kmem_cache_shrink(cachep);
+	ret = __kmem_cache_shrink(cachep, false);
 	put_online_mems();
 	put_online_cpus();
 	return ret;
diff --git a/mm/slob.c b/mm/slob.c
index eac04d4..5ec1580 100644
--- a/mm/slob.c
+++ b/mm/slob.c
@@ -634,7 +634,7 @@ void __kmem_cache_release(struct kmem_cache *c)
 {
 }
 
-int __kmem_cache_shrink(struct kmem_cache *d)
+int __kmem_cache_shrink(struct kmem_cache *d, bool deactivate)
 {
 	return 0;
 }
diff --git a/mm/slub.c b/mm/slub.c
index 067598a..68b84f9 100644
--- a/mm/slub.c
+++ b/mm/slub.c
@@ -3883,7 +3883,7 @@ EXPORT_SYMBOL(kfree);
  * being allocated from last increasing the chance that the last objects
  * are freed in them.
  */
-int __kmem_cache_shrink(struct kmem_cache *s)
+int __kmem_cache_shrink(struct kmem_cache *s, bool deactivate)
 {
 	int node;
 	int i;
@@ -3895,6 +3895,21 @@ int __kmem_cache_shrink(struct kmem_cache *s)
 	unsigned long flags;
 	int ret = 0;
 
+	if (deactivate) {
+		/*
+		 * Disable empty slabs caching. Used to avoid pinning offline
+		 * memory cgroups by kmem pages that can be freed.
+		 */
+		s->cpu_partial = 0;
+		s->min_partial = 0;
+
+		/*
+		 * s->cpu_partial is checked locklessly (see put_cpu_partial),
+		 * so we have to make sure the change is visible.
+		 */
+		synchronize_sched();
+	}
+
 	flush_all(s);
 	for_each_kmem_cache_node(s, node, n) {
 		INIT_LIST_HEAD(&discard);
@@ -3951,7 +3966,7 @@ static int slab_mem_going_offline_callback(void *arg)
 
 	mutex_lock(&slab_mutex);
 	list_for_each_entry(s, &slab_caches, list)
-		__kmem_cache_shrink(s);
+		__kmem_cache_shrink(s, false);
 	mutex_unlock(&slab_mutex);
 
 	return 0;
-- 
2.9.3

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[PATCH 02/10] slub: separate out sysfs_slab_release() from sysfs_slab_remove()

[Tejun Heo]

Separate out slub sysfs removal and release, and call the former
earlier from __kmem_cache_shutdown().  There's no reason to defer
sysfs removal through RCU and this will later allow us to remove sysfs
files way earlier during memory cgroup offline instead of release.

Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov.dev@gmail.com>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
---
 include/linux/slub_def.h | 4 ++--
 mm/slab_common.c         | 2 +-
 mm/slub.c                | 9 ++++++++-
 3 files changed, 11 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-)

diff --git a/include/linux/slub_def.h b/include/linux/slub_def.h
index 75f56c2..07ef550 100644
--- a/include/linux/slub_def.h
+++ b/include/linux/slub_def.h
@@ -113,9 +113,9 @@ struct kmem_cache {
 
 #ifdef CONFIG_SYSFS
 #define SLAB_SUPPORTS_SYSFS
-void sysfs_slab_remove(struct kmem_cache *);
+void sysfs_slab_release(struct kmem_cache *);
 #else
-static inline void sysfs_slab_remove(struct kmem_cache *s)
+static inline void sysfs_slab_release(struct kmem_cache *s)
 {
 }
 #endif
diff --git a/mm/slab_common.c b/mm/slab_common.c
index 46ff746..3bc4bb8 100644
--- a/mm/slab_common.c
+++ b/mm/slab_common.c
@@ -480,7 +480,7 @@ static void release_caches(struct list_head *release, bool need_rcu_barrier)
 
 	list_for_each_entry_safe(s, s2, release, list) {
 #ifdef SLAB_SUPPORTS_SYSFS
-		sysfs_slab_remove(s);
+		sysfs_slab_release(s);
 #else
 		slab_kmem_cache_release(s);
 #endif
diff --git a/mm/slub.c b/mm/slub.c
index 68b84f9..2b78c82 100644
--- a/mm/slub.c
+++ b/mm/slub.c
@@ -214,11 +214,13 @@ enum track_item { TRACK_ALLOC, TRACK_FREE };
 static int sysfs_slab_add(struct kmem_cache *);
 static int sysfs_slab_alias(struct kmem_cache *, const char *);
 static void memcg_propagate_slab_attrs(struct kmem_cache *s);
+static void sysfs_slab_remove(struct kmem_cache *s);
 #else
 static inline int sysfs_slab_add(struct kmem_cache *s) { return 0; }
 static inline int sysfs_slab_alias(struct kmem_cache *s, const char *p)
 							{ return 0; }
 static inline void memcg_propagate_slab_attrs(struct kmem_cache *s) { }
+static inline void sysfs_slab_remove(struct kmem_cache *s) { }
 #endif
 
 static inline void stat(const struct kmem_cache *s, enum stat_item si)
@@ -3679,6 +3681,7 @@ int __kmem_cache_shutdown(struct kmem_cache *s)
 		if (n->nr_partial || slabs_node(s, node))
 			return 1;
 	}
+	sysfs_slab_remove(s);
 	return 0;
 }
 
@@ -5629,7 +5632,7 @@ static int sysfs_slab_add(struct kmem_cache *s)
 	goto out;
 }
 
-void sysfs_slab_remove(struct kmem_cache *s)
+static void sysfs_slab_remove(struct kmem_cache *s)
 {
 	if (slab_state < FULL)
 		/*
@@ -5643,6 +5646,10 @@ void sysfs_slab_remove(struct kmem_cache *s)
 #endif
 	kobject_uevent(&s->kobj, KOBJ_REMOVE);
 	kobject_del(&s->kobj);
+}
+
+void sysfs_slab_release(struct kmem_cache *s)
+{
 	kobject_put(&s->kobj);
 }
 
-- 
2.9.3

[PATCH 02/10] slub: separate out sysfs_slab_release() from sysfs_slab_remove()

[Tejun Heo]

Separate out slub sysfs removal and release, and call the former
earlier from __kmem_cache_shutdown().  There's no reason to defer
sysfs removal through RCU and this will later allow us to remove sysfs
files way earlier during memory cgroup offline instead of release.

Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov.dev@gmail.com>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
---
 include/linux/slub_def.h | 4 ++--
 mm/slab_common.c         | 2 +-
 mm/slub.c                | 9 ++++++++-
 3 files changed, 11 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-)

diff --git a/include/linux/slub_def.h b/include/linux/slub_def.h
index 75f56c2..07ef550 100644
--- a/include/linux/slub_def.h
+++ b/include/linux/slub_def.h
@@ -113,9 +113,9 @@ struct kmem_cache {
 
 #ifdef CONFIG_SYSFS
 #define SLAB_SUPPORTS_SYSFS
-void sysfs_slab_remove(struct kmem_cache *);
+void sysfs_slab_release(struct kmem_cache *);
 #else
-static inline void sysfs_slab_remove(struct kmem_cache *s)
+static inline void sysfs_slab_release(struct kmem_cache *s)
 {
 }
 #endif
diff --git a/mm/slab_common.c b/mm/slab_common.c
index 46ff746..3bc4bb8 100644
--- a/mm/slab_common.c
+++ b/mm/slab_common.c
@@ -480,7 +480,7 @@ static void release_caches(struct list_head *release, bool need_rcu_barrier)
 
 	list_for_each_entry_safe(s, s2, release, list) {
 #ifdef SLAB_SUPPORTS_SYSFS
-		sysfs_slab_remove(s);
+		sysfs_slab_release(s);
 #else
 		slab_kmem_cache_release(s);
 #endif
diff --git a/mm/slub.c b/mm/slub.c
index 68b84f9..2b78c82 100644
--- a/mm/slub.c
+++ b/mm/slub.c
@@ -214,11 +214,13 @@ enum track_item { TRACK_ALLOC, TRACK_FREE };
 static int sysfs_slab_add(struct kmem_cache *);
 static int sysfs_slab_alias(struct kmem_cache *, const char *);
 static void memcg_propagate_slab_attrs(struct kmem_cache *s);
+static void sysfs_slab_remove(struct kmem_cache *s);
 #else
 static inline int sysfs_slab_add(struct kmem_cache *s) { return 0; }
 static inline int sysfs_slab_alias(struct kmem_cache *s, const char *p)
 							{ return 0; }
 static inline void memcg_propagate_slab_attrs(struct kmem_cache *s) { }
+static inline void sysfs_slab_remove(struct kmem_cache *s) { }
 #endif
 
 static inline void stat(const struct kmem_cache *s, enum stat_item si)
@@ -3679,6 +3681,7 @@ int __kmem_cache_shutdown(struct kmem_cache *s)
 		if (n->nr_partial || slabs_node(s, node))
 			return 1;
 	}
+	sysfs_slab_remove(s);
 	return 0;
 }
 
@@ -5629,7 +5632,7 @@ static int sysfs_slab_add(struct kmem_cache *s)
 	goto out;
 }
 
-void sysfs_slab_remove(struct kmem_cache *s)
+static void sysfs_slab_remove(struct kmem_cache *s)
 {
 	if (slab_state < FULL)
 		/*
@@ -5643,6 +5646,10 @@ void sysfs_slab_remove(struct kmem_cache *s)
 #endif
 	kobject_uevent(&s->kobj, KOBJ_REMOVE);
 	kobject_del(&s->kobj);
+}
+
+void sysfs_slab_release(struct kmem_cache *s)
+{
 	kobject_put(&s->kobj);
 }
 
-- 
2.9.3

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[PATCH v2 02/10] slub: separate out sysfs_slab_release() from sysfs_slab_remove()

[Tejun Heo]

>From 3b0cdd93b2d9bdea62ea6681e612bdae7a40d883 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Date: Mon, 23 Jan 2017 17:53:18 -0500

Separate out slub sysfs removal and release, and call the former
earlier from __kmem_cache_shutdown().  There's no reason to defer
sysfs removal through RCU and this will later allow us to remove sysfs
files way earlier during memory cgroup offline instead of release.

v2: Add slab_state >= FULL test to sysfs_slab_release() so that
    kobject_put() is skipped for caches which aren't fully initialized
    as before.  This most likely leaks the kmem_cache on init failure
    as we're skipping the only release path.  Let's fix that up later.

Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov.dev@gmail.com>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
---
v2 of the patch.  Fixes boot failure reported by the test bot.

Thanks.

 include/linux/slub_def.h |  4 ++--
 mm/slab_common.c         |  2 +-
 mm/slub.c                | 12 ++++++++++--
 3 files changed, 13 insertions(+), 5 deletions(-)

diff --git a/include/linux/slub_def.h b/include/linux/slub_def.h
index 75f56c2..07ef550 100644
--- a/include/linux/slub_def.h
+++ b/include/linux/slub_def.h
@@ -113,9 +113,9 @@ struct kmem_cache {
 
 #ifdef CONFIG_SYSFS
 #define SLAB_SUPPORTS_SYSFS
-void sysfs_slab_remove(struct kmem_cache *);
+void sysfs_slab_release(struct kmem_cache *);
 #else
-static inline void sysfs_slab_remove(struct kmem_cache *s)
+static inline void sysfs_slab_release(struct kmem_cache *s)
 {
 }
 #endif
diff --git a/mm/slab_common.c b/mm/slab_common.c
index 46ff746..3bc4bb8 100644
--- a/mm/slab_common.c
+++ b/mm/slab_common.c
@@ -480,7 +480,7 @@ static void release_caches(struct list_head *release, bool need_rcu_barrier)
 
 	list_for_each_entry_safe(s, s2, release, list) {
 #ifdef SLAB_SUPPORTS_SYSFS
-		sysfs_slab_remove(s);
+		sysfs_slab_release(s);
 #else
 		slab_kmem_cache_release(s);
 #endif
diff --git a/mm/slub.c b/mm/slub.c
index 68b84f9..59ca718 100644
--- a/mm/slub.c
+++ b/mm/slub.c
@@ -214,11 +214,13 @@ enum track_item { TRACK_ALLOC, TRACK_FREE };
 static int sysfs_slab_add(struct kmem_cache *);
 static int sysfs_slab_alias(struct kmem_cache *, const char *);
 static void memcg_propagate_slab_attrs(struct kmem_cache *s);
+static void sysfs_slab_remove(struct kmem_cache *s);
 #else
 static inline int sysfs_slab_add(struct kmem_cache *s) { return 0; }
 static inline int sysfs_slab_alias(struct kmem_cache *s, const char *p)
 							{ return 0; }
 static inline void memcg_propagate_slab_attrs(struct kmem_cache *s) { }
+static inline void sysfs_slab_remove(struct kmem_cache *s) { }
 #endif
 
 static inline void stat(const struct kmem_cache *s, enum stat_item si)
@@ -3679,6 +3681,7 @@ int __kmem_cache_shutdown(struct kmem_cache *s)
 		if (n->nr_partial || slabs_node(s, node))
 			return 1;
 	}
+	sysfs_slab_remove(s);
 	return 0;
 }
 
@@ -5629,7 +5632,7 @@ static int sysfs_slab_add(struct kmem_cache *s)
 	goto out;
 }
 
-void sysfs_slab_remove(struct kmem_cache *s)
+static void sysfs_slab_remove(struct kmem_cache *s)
 {
 	if (slab_state < FULL)
 		/*
@@ -5643,7 +5646,12 @@ void sysfs_slab_remove(struct kmem_cache *s)
 #endif
 	kobject_uevent(&s->kobj, KOBJ_REMOVE);
 	kobject_del(&s->kobj);
-	kobject_put(&s->kobj);
+}
+
+void sysfs_slab_release(struct kmem_cache *s)
+{
+	if (slab_state >= FULL)
+		kobject_put(&s->kobj);
 }
 
 /*
-- 
2.9.3

[PATCH v2 02/10] slub: separate out sysfs_slab_release() from sysfs_slab_remove()

[Tejun Heo]

From 3b0cdd93b2d9bdea62ea6681e612bdae7a40d883 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Tejun Heo <tj-DgEjT+Ai2ygdnm+yROfE0A@public.gmane.org>
Date: Mon, 23 Jan 2017 17:53:18 -0500

Separate out slub sysfs removal and release, and call the former
earlier from __kmem_cache_shutdown().  There's no reason to defer
sysfs removal through RCU and this will later allow us to remove sysfs
files way earlier during memory cgroup offline instead of release.

v2: Add slab_state >= FULL test to sysfs_slab_release() so that
    kobject_put() is skipped for caches which aren't fully initialized
    as before.  This most likely leaks the kmem_cache on init failure
    as we're skipping the only release path.  Let's fix that up later.

Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj-DgEjT+Ai2ygdnm+yROfE0A@public.gmane.org>
Cc: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov.dev-Re5JQEeQqe8AvxtiuMwx3w@public.gmane.org>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl-vYTEC60ixJUAvxtiuMwx3w@public.gmane.org>
Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg-DgEjT+Ai2ygdnm+yROfE0A@public.gmane.org>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes-hpIqsD4AKlfQT0dZR+AlfA@public.gmane.org>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim-Hm3cg6mZ9cc@public.gmane.org>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm-de/tnXTf+JLsfHDXvbKv3WD2FQJk+8+b@public.gmane.org>
---
v2 of the patch.  Fixes boot failure reported by the test bot.

Thanks.

 include/linux/slub_def.h |  4 ++--
 mm/slab_common.c         |  2 +-
 mm/slub.c                | 12 ++++++++++--
 3 files changed, 13 insertions(+), 5 deletions(-)

diff --git a/include/linux/slub_def.h b/include/linux/slub_def.h
index 75f56c2..07ef550 100644
--- a/include/linux/slub_def.h
+++ b/include/linux/slub_def.h
@@ -113,9 +113,9 @@ struct kmem_cache {
 
 #ifdef CONFIG_SYSFS
 #define SLAB_SUPPORTS_SYSFS
-void sysfs_slab_remove(struct kmem_cache *);
+void sysfs_slab_release(struct kmem_cache *);
 #else
-static inline void sysfs_slab_remove(struct kmem_cache *s)
+static inline void sysfs_slab_release(struct kmem_cache *s)
 {
 }
 #endif
diff --git a/mm/slab_common.c b/mm/slab_common.c
index 46ff746..3bc4bb8 100644
--- a/mm/slab_common.c
+++ b/mm/slab_common.c
@@ -480,7 +480,7 @@ static void release_caches(struct list_head *release, bool need_rcu_barrier)
 
 	list_for_each_entry_safe(s, s2, release, list) {
 #ifdef SLAB_SUPPORTS_SYSFS
-		sysfs_slab_remove(s);
+		sysfs_slab_release(s);
 #else
 		slab_kmem_cache_release(s);
 #endif
diff --git a/mm/slub.c b/mm/slub.c
index 68b84f9..59ca718 100644
--- a/mm/slub.c
+++ b/mm/slub.c
@@ -214,11 +214,13 @@ enum track_item { TRACK_ALLOC, TRACK_FREE };
 static int sysfs_slab_add(struct kmem_cache *);
 static int sysfs_slab_alias(struct kmem_cache *, const char *);
 static void memcg_propagate_slab_attrs(struct kmem_cache *s);
+static void sysfs_slab_remove(struct kmem_cache *s);
 #else
 static inline int sysfs_slab_add(struct kmem_cache *s) { return 0; }
 static inline int sysfs_slab_alias(struct kmem_cache *s, const char *p)
 							{ return 0; }
 static inline void memcg_propagate_slab_attrs(struct kmem_cache *s) { }
+static inline void sysfs_slab_remove(struct kmem_cache *s) { }
 #endif
 
 static inline void stat(const struct kmem_cache *s, enum stat_item si)
@@ -3679,6 +3681,7 @@ int __kmem_cache_shutdown(struct kmem_cache *s)
 		if (n->nr_partial || slabs_node(s, node))
 			return 1;
 	}
+	sysfs_slab_remove(s);
 	return 0;
 }
 
@@ -5629,7 +5632,7 @@ static int sysfs_slab_add(struct kmem_cache *s)
 	goto out;
 }
 
-void sysfs_slab_remove(struct kmem_cache *s)
+static void sysfs_slab_remove(struct kmem_cache *s)
 {
 	if (slab_state < FULL)
 		/*
@@ -5643,7 +5646,12 @@ void sysfs_slab_remove(struct kmem_cache *s)
 #endif
 	kobject_uevent(&s->kobj, KOBJ_REMOVE);
 	kobject_del(&s->kobj);
-	kobject_put(&s->kobj);
+}
+
+void sysfs_slab_release(struct kmem_cache *s)
+{
+	if (slab_state >= FULL)
+		kobject_put(&s->kobj);
 }
 
 /*
-- 
2.9.3

[PATCH v2 02/10] slub: separate out sysfs_slab_release() from sysfs_slab_remove()

[Tejun Heo]

Re: [PATCH v2 02/10] slub: separate out sysfs_slab_release() from sysfs_slab_remove()

[Vladimir Davydov]

On Mon, Jan 23, 2017 at 05:54:49PM -0500, Tejun Heo wrote:
> From 3b0cdd93b2d9bdea62ea6681e612bdae7a40d883 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
> From: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
> Date: Mon, 23 Jan 2017 17:53:18 -0500
> 
> Separate out slub sysfs removal and release, and call the former
> earlier from __kmem_cache_shutdown().  There's no reason to defer
> sysfs removal through RCU and this will later allow us to remove sysfs
> files way earlier during memory cgroup offline instead of release.
> 
> v2: Add slab_state >= FULL test to sysfs_slab_release() so that
>     kobject_put() is skipped for caches which aren't fully initialized
>     as before.  This most likely leaks the kmem_cache on init failure
>     as we're skipping the only release path.  Let's fix that up later.
> 
> Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
> Cc: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov.dev@gmail.com>
> Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
> Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
> Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
> Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
> Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>

Acked-by: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov.dev@gmail.com>

Re: [PATCH v2 02/10] slub: separate out sysfs_slab_release() from sysfs_slab_remove()

[Vladimir Davydov]

On Mon, Jan 23, 2017 at 05:54:49PM -0500, Tejun Heo wrote:
> From 3b0cdd93b2d9bdea62ea6681e612bdae7a40d883 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
> From: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
> Date: Mon, 23 Jan 2017 17:53:18 -0500
> 
> Separate out slub sysfs removal and release, and call the former
> earlier from __kmem_cache_shutdown().  There's no reason to defer
> sysfs removal through RCU and this will later allow us to remove sysfs
> files way earlier during memory cgroup offline instead of release.
> 
> v2: Add slab_state >= FULL test to sysfs_slab_release() so that
>     kobject_put() is skipped for caches which aren't fully initialized
>     as before.  This most likely leaks the kmem_cache on init failure
>     as we're skipping the only release path.  Let's fix that up later.
> 
> Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
> Cc: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov.dev@gmail.com>
> Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
> Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
> Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
> Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
> Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>

Acked-by: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov.dev@gmail.com>

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[PATCH 03/10] slab: remove synchronous rcu_barrier() call in memcg cache release path

[Tejun Heo]

With kmem cgroup support enabled, kmem_caches can be created and
destroyed frequently and a great number of near empty kmem_caches can
accumulate if there are a lot of transient cgroups and the system is
not under memory pressure.  When memory reclaim starts under such
conditions, it can lead to consecutive deactivation and destruction of
many kmem_caches, easily hundreds of thousands on moderately large
systems, exposing scalability issues in the current slab management
code.  This is one of the patches to address the issue.

SLAB_DESTORY_BY_RCU caches need to flush all RCU operations before
destruction because slab pages are freed through RCU and they need to
be able to dereference the associated kmem_cache.  Currently, it's
done synchronously with rcu_barrier().  As rcu_barrier() is expensive
time-wise, slab implements a batching mechanism so that rcu_barrier()
can be done for multiple caches at the same time.

Unfortunately, the rcu_barrier() is in synchronous path which is
called while holding cgroup_mutex and the batching is too limited to
be actually helpful.

This patch updates the cache release path so that the batching is
asynchronous and global.  All SLAB_DESTORY_BY_RCU caches are queued
globally and a work item consumes the list.  The work item calls
rcu_barrier() only once for all caches that are currently queued.

* release_caches() is removed and shutdown_cache() now either directly
  release the cache or schedules a RCU callback to do that.  This
  makes the cache inaccessible once shutdown_cache() is called and
  makes it impossible for shutdown_memcg_caches() to do memcg-specific
  cleanups afterwards.  Move memcg-specific part into a helper,
  unlink_memcg_cache(), and make shutdown_cache() call it directly.

Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Reported-by: Jay Vana <jsvana@fb.com>
Cc: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov.dev@gmail.com>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
---
 mm/slab_common.c | 102 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++-----------------------
 1 file changed, 60 insertions(+), 42 deletions(-)

diff --git a/mm/slab_common.c b/mm/slab_common.c
index 3bc4bb8..c6fd297 100644
--- a/mm/slab_common.c
+++ b/mm/slab_common.c
@@ -30,6 +30,11 @@ LIST_HEAD(slab_caches);
 DEFINE_MUTEX(slab_mutex);
 struct kmem_cache *kmem_cache;
 
+static LIST_HEAD(slab_caches_to_rcu_destroy);
+static void slab_caches_to_rcu_destroy_workfn(struct work_struct *work);
+static DECLARE_WORK(slab_caches_to_rcu_destroy_work,
+		    slab_caches_to_rcu_destroy_workfn);
+
 /*
  * Set of flags that will prevent slab merging
  */
@@ -215,6 +220,11 @@ int memcg_update_all_caches(int num_memcgs)
 	mutex_unlock(&slab_mutex);
 	return ret;
 }
+
+static void unlink_memcg_cache(struct kmem_cache *s)
+{
+	list_del(&s->memcg_params.list);
+}
 #else
 static inline int init_memcg_params(struct kmem_cache *s,
 		struct mem_cgroup *memcg, struct kmem_cache *root_cache)
@@ -225,6 +235,10 @@ static inline int init_memcg_params(struct kmem_cache *s,
 static inline void destroy_memcg_params(struct kmem_cache *s)
 {
 }
+
+static inline void unlink_memcg_cache(struct kmem_cache *s)
+{
+}
 #endif /* CONFIG_MEMCG && !CONFIG_SLOB */
 
 /*
@@ -458,33 +472,59 @@ kmem_cache_create(const char *name, size_t size, size_t align,
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL(kmem_cache_create);
 
-static int shutdown_cache(struct kmem_cache *s,
-		struct list_head *release, bool *need_rcu_barrier)
+static void slab_caches_to_rcu_destroy_workfn(struct work_struct *work)
 {
-	if (__kmem_cache_shutdown(s) != 0)
-		return -EBUSY;
+	LIST_HEAD(to_destroy);
+	struct kmem_cache *s, *s2;
 
-	if (s->flags & SLAB_DESTROY_BY_RCU)
-		*need_rcu_barrier = true;
+	/*
+	 * On destruction, SLAB_DESTROY_BY_RCU kmem_caches are put on the
+	 * @slab_caches_to_rcu_destroy list.  The slab pages are freed
+	 * through RCU and and the associated kmem_cache are dereferenced
+	 * while freeing the pages, so the kmem_caches should be freed only
+	 * after the pending RCU operations are finished.  As rcu_barrier()
+	 * is a pretty slow operation, we batch all pending destructions
+	 * asynchronously.
+	 */
+	mutex_lock(&slab_mutex);
+	list_splice_init(&slab_caches_to_rcu_destroy, &to_destroy);
+	mutex_unlock(&slab_mutex);
 
-	list_move(&s->list, release);
-	return 0;
+	if (list_empty(&to_destroy))
+		return;
+
+	rcu_barrier();
+
+	list_for_each_entry_safe(s, s2, &to_destroy, list) {
+#ifdef SLAB_SUPPORTS_SYSFS
+		sysfs_slab_release(s);
+#else
+		slab_kmem_cache_release(s);
+#endif
+	}
 }
 
-static void release_caches(struct list_head *release, bool need_rcu_barrier)
+static int shutdown_cache(struct kmem_cache *s)
 {
-	struct kmem_cache *s, *s2;
+	if (__kmem_cache_shutdown(s) != 0)
+		return -EBUSY;
 
-	if (need_rcu_barrier)
-		rcu_barrier();
+	list_del(&s->list);
+	if (!is_root_cache(s))
+		unlink_memcg_cache(s);
 
-	list_for_each_entry_safe(s, s2, release, list) {
+	if (s->flags & SLAB_DESTROY_BY_RCU) {
+		list_add_tail(&s->list, &slab_caches_to_rcu_destroy);
+		schedule_work(&slab_caches_to_rcu_destroy_work);
+	} else {
 #ifdef SLAB_SUPPORTS_SYSFS
 		sysfs_slab_release(s);
 #else
 		slab_kmem_cache_release(s);
 #endif
 	}
+
+	return 0;
 }
 
 #if defined(CONFIG_MEMCG) && !defined(CONFIG_SLOB)
@@ -599,22 +639,8 @@ void memcg_deactivate_kmem_caches(struct mem_cgroup *memcg)
 	put_online_cpus();
 }
 
-static int __shutdown_memcg_cache(struct kmem_cache *s,
-		struct list_head *release, bool *need_rcu_barrier)
-{
-	BUG_ON(is_root_cache(s));
-
-	if (shutdown_cache(s, release, need_rcu_barrier))
-		return -EBUSY;
-
-	list_del(&s->memcg_params.list);
-	return 0;
-}
-
 void memcg_destroy_kmem_caches(struct mem_cgroup *memcg)
 {
-	LIST_HEAD(release);
-	bool need_rcu_barrier = false;
 	struct kmem_cache *s, *s2;
 
 	get_online_cpus();
@@ -628,18 +654,15 @@ void memcg_destroy_kmem_caches(struct mem_cgroup *memcg)
 		 * The cgroup is about to be freed and therefore has no charges
 		 * left. Hence, all its caches must be empty by now.
 		 */
-		BUG_ON(__shutdown_memcg_cache(s, &release, &need_rcu_barrier));
+		BUG_ON(shutdown_cache(s));
 	}
 	mutex_unlock(&slab_mutex);
 
 	put_online_mems();
 	put_online_cpus();
-
-	release_caches(&release, need_rcu_barrier);
 }
 
-static int shutdown_memcg_caches(struct kmem_cache *s,
-		struct list_head *release, bool *need_rcu_barrier)
+static int shutdown_memcg_caches(struct kmem_cache *s)
 {
 	struct memcg_cache_array *arr;
 	struct kmem_cache *c, *c2;
@@ -658,7 +681,7 @@ static int shutdown_memcg_caches(struct kmem_cache *s,
 		c = arr->entries[i];
 		if (!c)
 			continue;
-		if (__shutdown_memcg_cache(c, release, need_rcu_barrier))
+		if (shutdown_cache(c))
 			/*
 			 * The cache still has objects. Move it to a temporary
 			 * list so as not to try to destroy it for a second
@@ -681,7 +704,7 @@ static int shutdown_memcg_caches(struct kmem_cache *s,
 	 */
 	list_for_each_entry_safe(c, c2, &s->memcg_params.list,
 				 memcg_params.list)
-		__shutdown_memcg_cache(c, release, need_rcu_barrier);
+		shutdown_cache(c);
 
 	list_splice(&busy, &s->memcg_params.list);
 
@@ -694,8 +717,7 @@ static int shutdown_memcg_caches(struct kmem_cache *s,
 	return 0;
 }
 #else
-static inline int shutdown_memcg_caches(struct kmem_cache *s,
-		struct list_head *release, bool *need_rcu_barrier)
+static inline int shutdown_memcg_caches(struct kmem_cache *s)
 {
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -711,8 +733,6 @@ void slab_kmem_cache_release(struct kmem_cache *s)
 
 void kmem_cache_destroy(struct kmem_cache *s)
 {
-	LIST_HEAD(release);
-	bool need_rcu_barrier = false;
 	int err;
 
 	if (unlikely(!s))
@@ -728,9 +748,9 @@ void kmem_cache_destroy(struct kmem_cache *s)
 	if (s->refcount)
 		goto out_unlock;
 
-	err = shutdown_memcg_caches(s, &release, &need_rcu_barrier);
+	err = shutdown_memcg_caches(s);
 	if (!err)
-		err = shutdown_cache(s, &release, &need_rcu_barrier);
+		err = shutdown_cache(s);
 
 	if (err) {
 		pr_err("kmem_cache_destroy %s: Slab cache still has objects\n",
@@ -742,8 +762,6 @@ void kmem_cache_destroy(struct kmem_cache *s)
 
 	put_online_mems();
 	put_online_cpus();
-
-	release_caches(&release, need_rcu_barrier);
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL(kmem_cache_destroy);
 
-- 
2.9.3

[PATCH 03/10] slab: remove synchronous rcu_barrier() call in memcg cache release path

[Tejun Heo]

With kmem cgroup support enabled, kmem_caches can be created and
destroyed frequently and a great number of near empty kmem_caches can
accumulate if there are a lot of transient cgroups and the system is
not under memory pressure.  When memory reclaim starts under such
conditions, it can lead to consecutive deactivation and destruction of
many kmem_caches, easily hundreds of thousands on moderately large
systems, exposing scalability issues in the current slab management
code.  This is one of the patches to address the issue.

SLAB_DESTORY_BY_RCU caches need to flush all RCU operations before
destruction because slab pages are freed through RCU and they need to
be able to dereference the associated kmem_cache.  Currently, it's
done synchronously with rcu_barrier().  As rcu_barrier() is expensive
time-wise, slab implements a batching mechanism so that rcu_barrier()
can be done for multiple caches at the same time.

Unfortunately, the rcu_barrier() is in synchronous path which is
called while holding cgroup_mutex and the batching is too limited to
be actually helpful.

This patch updates the cache release path so that the batching is
asynchronous and global.  All SLAB_DESTORY_BY_RCU caches are queued
globally and a work item consumes the list.  The work item calls
rcu_barrier() only once for all caches that are currently queued.

* release_caches() is removed and shutdown_cache() now either directly
  release the cache or schedules a RCU callback to do that.  This
  makes the cache inaccessible once shutdown_cache() is called and
  makes it impossible for shutdown_memcg_caches() to do memcg-specific
  cleanups afterwards.  Move memcg-specific part into a helper,
  unlink_memcg_cache(), and make shutdown_cache() call it directly.

Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Reported-by: Jay Vana <jsvana@fb.com>
Cc: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov.dev@gmail.com>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
---
 mm/slab_common.c | 102 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++-----------------------
 1 file changed, 60 insertions(+), 42 deletions(-)

diff --git a/mm/slab_common.c b/mm/slab_common.c
index 3bc4bb8..c6fd297 100644
--- a/mm/slab_common.c
+++ b/mm/slab_common.c
@@ -30,6 +30,11 @@ LIST_HEAD(slab_caches);
 DEFINE_MUTEX(slab_mutex);
 struct kmem_cache *kmem_cache;
 
+static LIST_HEAD(slab_caches_to_rcu_destroy);
+static void slab_caches_to_rcu_destroy_workfn(struct work_struct *work);
+static DECLARE_WORK(slab_caches_to_rcu_destroy_work,
+		    slab_caches_to_rcu_destroy_workfn);
+
 /*
  * Set of flags that will prevent slab merging
  */
@@ -215,6 +220,11 @@ int memcg_update_all_caches(int num_memcgs)
 	mutex_unlock(&slab_mutex);
 	return ret;
 }
+
+static void unlink_memcg_cache(struct kmem_cache *s)
+{
+	list_del(&s->memcg_params.list);
+}
 #else
 static inline int init_memcg_params(struct kmem_cache *s,
 		struct mem_cgroup *memcg, struct kmem_cache *root_cache)
@@ -225,6 +235,10 @@ static inline int init_memcg_params(struct kmem_cache *s,
 static inline void destroy_memcg_params(struct kmem_cache *s)
 {
 }
+
+static inline void unlink_memcg_cache(struct kmem_cache *s)
+{
+}
 #endif /* CONFIG_MEMCG && !CONFIG_SLOB */
 
 /*
@@ -458,33 +472,59 @@ kmem_cache_create(const char *name, size_t size, size_t align,
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL(kmem_cache_create);
 
-static int shutdown_cache(struct kmem_cache *s,
-		struct list_head *release, bool *need_rcu_barrier)
+static void slab_caches_to_rcu_destroy_workfn(struct work_struct *work)
 {
-	if (__kmem_cache_shutdown(s) != 0)
-		return -EBUSY;
+	LIST_HEAD(to_destroy);
+	struct kmem_cache *s, *s2;
 
-	if (s->flags & SLAB_DESTROY_BY_RCU)
-		*need_rcu_barrier = true;
+	/*
+	 * On destruction, SLAB_DESTROY_BY_RCU kmem_caches are put on the
+	 * @slab_caches_to_rcu_destroy list.  The slab pages are freed
+	 * through RCU and and the associated kmem_cache are dereferenced
+	 * while freeing the pages, so the kmem_caches should be freed only
+	 * after the pending RCU operations are finished.  As rcu_barrier()
+	 * is a pretty slow operation, we batch all pending destructions
+	 * asynchronously.
+	 */
+	mutex_lock(&slab_mutex);
+	list_splice_init(&slab_caches_to_rcu_destroy, &to_destroy);
+	mutex_unlock(&slab_mutex);
 
-	list_move(&s->list, release);
-	return 0;
+	if (list_empty(&to_destroy))
+		return;
+
+	rcu_barrier();
+
+	list_for_each_entry_safe(s, s2, &to_destroy, list) {
+#ifdef SLAB_SUPPORTS_SYSFS
+		sysfs_slab_release(s);
+#else
+		slab_kmem_cache_release(s);
+#endif
+	}
 }
 
-static void release_caches(struct list_head *release, bool need_rcu_barrier)
+static int shutdown_cache(struct kmem_cache *s)
 {
-	struct kmem_cache *s, *s2;
+	if (__kmem_cache_shutdown(s) != 0)
+		return -EBUSY;
 
-	if (need_rcu_barrier)
-		rcu_barrier();
+	list_del(&s->list);
+	if (!is_root_cache(s))
+		unlink_memcg_cache(s);
 
-	list_for_each_entry_safe(s, s2, release, list) {
+	if (s->flags & SLAB_DESTROY_BY_RCU) {
+		list_add_tail(&s->list, &slab_caches_to_rcu_destroy);
+		schedule_work(&slab_caches_to_rcu_destroy_work);
+	} else {
 #ifdef SLAB_SUPPORTS_SYSFS
 		sysfs_slab_release(s);
 #else
 		slab_kmem_cache_release(s);
 #endif
 	}
+
+	return 0;
 }
 
 #if defined(CONFIG_MEMCG) && !defined(CONFIG_SLOB)
@@ -599,22 +639,8 @@ void memcg_deactivate_kmem_caches(struct mem_cgroup *memcg)
 	put_online_cpus();
 }
 
-static int __shutdown_memcg_cache(struct kmem_cache *s,
-		struct list_head *release, bool *need_rcu_barrier)
-{
-	BUG_ON(is_root_cache(s));
-
-	if (shutdown_cache(s, release, need_rcu_barrier))
-		return -EBUSY;
-
-	list_del(&s->memcg_params.list);
-	return 0;
-}
-
 void memcg_destroy_kmem_caches(struct mem_cgroup *memcg)
 {
-	LIST_HEAD(release);
-	bool need_rcu_barrier = false;
 	struct kmem_cache *s, *s2;
 
 	get_online_cpus();
@@ -628,18 +654,15 @@ void memcg_destroy_kmem_caches(struct mem_cgroup *memcg)
 		 * The cgroup is about to be freed and therefore has no charges
 		 * left. Hence, all its caches must be empty by now.
 		 */
-		BUG_ON(__shutdown_memcg_cache(s, &release, &need_rcu_barrier));
+		BUG_ON(shutdown_cache(s));
 	}
 	mutex_unlock(&slab_mutex);
 
 	put_online_mems();
 	put_online_cpus();
-
-	release_caches(&release, need_rcu_barrier);
 }
 
-static int shutdown_memcg_caches(struct kmem_cache *s,
-		struct list_head *release, bool *need_rcu_barrier)
+static int shutdown_memcg_caches(struct kmem_cache *s)
 {
 	struct memcg_cache_array *arr;
 	struct kmem_cache *c, *c2;
@@ -658,7 +681,7 @@ static int shutdown_memcg_caches(struct kmem_cache *s,
 		c = arr->entries[i];
 		if (!c)
 			continue;
-		if (__shutdown_memcg_cache(c, release, need_rcu_barrier))
+		if (shutdown_cache(c))
 			/*
 			 * The cache still has objects. Move it to a temporary
 			 * list so as not to try to destroy it for a second
@@ -681,7 +704,7 @@ static int shutdown_memcg_caches(struct kmem_cache *s,
 	 */
 	list_for_each_entry_safe(c, c2, &s->memcg_params.list,
 				 memcg_params.list)
-		__shutdown_memcg_cache(c, release, need_rcu_barrier);
+		shutdown_cache(c);
 
 	list_splice(&busy, &s->memcg_params.list);
 
@@ -694,8 +717,7 @@ static int shutdown_memcg_caches(struct kmem_cache *s,
 	return 0;
 }
 #else
-static inline int shutdown_memcg_caches(struct kmem_cache *s,
-		struct list_head *release, bool *need_rcu_barrier)
+static inline int shutdown_memcg_caches(struct kmem_cache *s)
 {
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -711,8 +733,6 @@ void slab_kmem_cache_release(struct kmem_cache *s)
 
 void kmem_cache_destroy(struct kmem_cache *s)
 {
-	LIST_HEAD(release);
-	bool need_rcu_barrier = false;
 	int err;
 
 	if (unlikely(!s))
@@ -728,9 +748,9 @@ void kmem_cache_destroy(struct kmem_cache *s)
 	if (s->refcount)
 		goto out_unlock;
 
-	err = shutdown_memcg_caches(s, &release, &need_rcu_barrier);
+	err = shutdown_memcg_caches(s);
 	if (!err)
-		err = shutdown_cache(s, &release, &need_rcu_barrier);
+		err = shutdown_cache(s);
 
 	if (err) {
 		pr_err("kmem_cache_destroy %s: Slab cache still has objects\n",
@@ -742,8 +762,6 @@ void kmem_cache_destroy(struct kmem_cache *s)
 
 	put_online_mems();
 	put_online_cpus();
-
-	release_caches(&release, need_rcu_barrier);
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL(kmem_cache_destroy);
 
-- 
2.9.3

--
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Re: [PATCH 03/10] slab: remove synchronous rcu_barrier() call in memcg cache release path

[Vladimir Davydov]

On Tue, Jan 17, 2017 at 03:54:04PM -0800, Tejun Heo wrote:
> With kmem cgroup support enabled, kmem_caches can be created and
> destroyed frequently and a great number of near empty kmem_caches can
> accumulate if there are a lot of transient cgroups and the system is
> not under memory pressure.  When memory reclaim starts under such
> conditions, it can lead to consecutive deactivation and destruction of
> many kmem_caches, easily hundreds of thousands on moderately large
> systems, exposing scalability issues in the current slab management
> code.  This is one of the patches to address the issue.
> 
> SLAB_DESTORY_BY_RCU caches need to flush all RCU operations before
> destruction because slab pages are freed through RCU and they need to
> be able to dereference the associated kmem_cache.  Currently, it's
> done synchronously with rcu_barrier().  As rcu_barrier() is expensive
> time-wise, slab implements a batching mechanism so that rcu_barrier()
> can be done for multiple caches at the same time.
> 
> Unfortunately, the rcu_barrier() is in synchronous path which is
> called while holding cgroup_mutex and the batching is too limited to
> be actually helpful.
> 
> This patch updates the cache release path so that the batching is
> asynchronous and global.  All SLAB_DESTORY_BY_RCU caches are queued
> globally and a work item consumes the list.  The work item calls
> rcu_barrier() only once for all caches that are currently queued.
> 
> * release_caches() is removed and shutdown_cache() now either directly
>   release the cache or schedules a RCU callback to do that.  This
>   makes the cache inaccessible once shutdown_cache() is called and
>   makes it impossible for shutdown_memcg_caches() to do memcg-specific
>   cleanups afterwards.  Move memcg-specific part into a helper,
>   unlink_memcg_cache(), and make shutdown_cache() call it directly.
> 
> Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
> Reported-by: Jay Vana <jsvana@fb.com>
> Cc: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov.dev@gmail.com>
> Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
> Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
> Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
> Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
> Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>

Acked-by: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov@tarantool.org>

Re: [PATCH 03/10] slab: remove synchronous rcu_barrier() call in memcg cache release path

[Vladimir Davydov]

On Tue, Jan 17, 2017 at 03:54:04PM -0800, Tejun Heo wrote:
> With kmem cgroup support enabled, kmem_caches can be created and
> destroyed frequently and a great number of near empty kmem_caches can
> accumulate if there are a lot of transient cgroups and the system is
> not under memory pressure.  When memory reclaim starts under such
> conditions, it can lead to consecutive deactivation and destruction of
> many kmem_caches, easily hundreds of thousands on moderately large
> systems, exposing scalability issues in the current slab management
> code.  This is one of the patches to address the issue.
> 
> SLAB_DESTORY_BY_RCU caches need to flush all RCU operations before
> destruction because slab pages are freed through RCU and they need to
> be able to dereference the associated kmem_cache.  Currently, it's
> done synchronously with rcu_barrier().  As rcu_barrier() is expensive
> time-wise, slab implements a batching mechanism so that rcu_barrier()
> can be done for multiple caches at the same time.
> 
> Unfortunately, the rcu_barrier() is in synchronous path which is
> called while holding cgroup_mutex and the batching is too limited to
> be actually helpful.
> 
> This patch updates the cache release path so that the batching is
> asynchronous and global.  All SLAB_DESTORY_BY_RCU caches are queued
> globally and a work item consumes the list.  The work item calls
> rcu_barrier() only once for all caches that are currently queued.
> 
> * release_caches() is removed and shutdown_cache() now either directly
>   release the cache or schedules a RCU callback to do that.  This
>   makes the cache inaccessible once shutdown_cache() is called and
>   makes it impossible for shutdown_memcg_caches() to do memcg-specific
>   cleanups afterwards.  Move memcg-specific part into a helper,
>   unlink_memcg_cache(), and make shutdown_cache() call it directly.
> 
> Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
> Reported-by: Jay Vana <jsvana@fb.com>
> Cc: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov.dev@gmail.com>
> Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
> Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
> Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
> Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
> Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>

Acked-by: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov@tarantool.org>

--
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[PATCH 04/10] slab: reorganize memcg_cache_params

[Tejun Heo]

We're gonna change how memcg caches are iterated.  In preparation,
clean up and reorganize memcg_cache_params.

* The shared ->list is replaced by ->children in root and
  ->children_node in children.

* ->is_root_cache is removed.  Instead ->root_cache is moved out of
  the child union and now used by both root and children.  NULL
  indicates root cache.  Non-NULL a memcg one.

This patch doesn't cause any observable behavior changes.

Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov.dev@gmail.com>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
---
 include/linux/slab.h | 33 ++++++++++++++++++++++++---------
 mm/slab.h            |  6 +++---
 mm/slab_common.c     | 25 +++++++++++++------------
 3 files changed, 40 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/include/linux/slab.h b/include/linux/slab.h
index 084b12b..2e83922 100644
--- a/include/linux/slab.h
+++ b/include/linux/slab.h
@@ -545,22 +545,37 @@ struct memcg_cache_array {
  * array to be accessed without taking any locks, on relocation we free the old
  * version only after a grace period.
  *
- * Child caches will hold extra metadata needed for its operation. Fields are:
+ * Root and child caches hold different metadata.
  *
- * @memcg: pointer to the memcg this cache belongs to
- * @root_cache: pointer to the global, root cache, this cache was derived from
+ * @root_cache:	Common to root and child caches.  NULL for root, pointer to
+ *		the root cache for children.
  *
- * Both root and child caches of the same kind are linked into a list chained
- * through @list.
+ * The following fields are specific to root caches.
+ *
+ * @memcg_caches: kmemcg ID indexed table of child caches.  This table is
+ *		used to index child cachces during allocation and cleared
+ *		early during shutdown.
+ *
+ * @children:	List of all child caches.  While the child caches are also
+ *		reachable through @memcg_caches, a child cache remains on
+ *		this list until it is actually destroyed.
+ *
+ * The following fields are specific to child caches.
+ *
+ * @memcg:	Pointer to the memcg this cache belongs to.
+ *
+ * @children_node: List node for @root_cache->children list.
  */
 struct memcg_cache_params {
-	bool is_root_cache;
-	struct list_head list;
+	struct kmem_cache *root_cache;
 	union {
-		struct memcg_cache_array __rcu *memcg_caches;
+		struct {
+			struct memcg_cache_array __rcu *memcg_caches;
+			struct list_head children;
+		};
 		struct {
 			struct mem_cgroup *memcg;
-			struct kmem_cache *root_cache;
+			struct list_head children_node;
 		};
 	};
 };
diff --git a/mm/slab.h b/mm/slab.h
index 4acc644..ce6b063 100644
--- a/mm/slab.h
+++ b/mm/slab.h
@@ -200,12 +200,12 @@ int __kmem_cache_alloc_bulk(struct kmem_cache *, gfp_t, size_t, void **);
  * slab_mutex.
  */
 #define for_each_memcg_cache(iter, root) \
-	list_for_each_entry(iter, &(root)->memcg_params.list, \
-			    memcg_params.list)
+	list_for_each_entry(iter, &(root)->memcg_params.children, \
+			    memcg_params.children_node)
 
 static inline bool is_root_cache(struct kmem_cache *s)
 {
-	return s->memcg_params.is_root_cache;
+	return !s->memcg_params.root_cache;
 }
 
 static inline bool slab_equal_or_root(struct kmem_cache *s,
diff --git a/mm/slab_common.c b/mm/slab_common.c
index c6fd297..76afe15 100644
--- a/mm/slab_common.c
+++ b/mm/slab_common.c
@@ -140,9 +140,9 @@ int __kmem_cache_alloc_bulk(struct kmem_cache *s, gfp_t flags, size_t nr,
 #if defined(CONFIG_MEMCG) && !defined(CONFIG_SLOB)
 void slab_init_memcg_params(struct kmem_cache *s)
 {
-	s->memcg_params.is_root_cache = true;
-	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&s->memcg_params.list);
+	s->memcg_params.root_cache = NULL;
 	RCU_INIT_POINTER(s->memcg_params.memcg_caches, NULL);
+	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&s->memcg_params.children);
 }
 
 static int init_memcg_params(struct kmem_cache *s,
@@ -150,10 +150,10 @@ static int init_memcg_params(struct kmem_cache *s,
 {
 	struct memcg_cache_array *arr;
 
-	if (memcg) {
-		s->memcg_params.is_root_cache = false;
-		s->memcg_params.memcg = memcg;
+	if (root_cache) {
 		s->memcg_params.root_cache = root_cache;
+		s->memcg_params.memcg = memcg;
+		INIT_LIST_HEAD(&s->memcg_params.children_node);
 		return 0;
 	}
 
@@ -223,7 +223,7 @@ int memcg_update_all_caches(int num_memcgs)
 
 static void unlink_memcg_cache(struct kmem_cache *s)
 {
-	list_del(&s->memcg_params.list);
+	list_del(&s->memcg_params.children_node);
 }
 #else
 static inline int init_memcg_params(struct kmem_cache *s,
@@ -591,7 +591,8 @@ void memcg_create_kmem_cache(struct mem_cgroup *memcg,
 		goto out_unlock;
 	}
 
-	list_add(&s->memcg_params.list, &root_cache->memcg_params.list);
+	list_add(&s->memcg_params.children_node,
+		 &root_cache->memcg_params.children);
 
 	/*
 	 * Since readers won't lock (see cache_from_memcg_idx()), we need a
@@ -687,7 +688,7 @@ static int shutdown_memcg_caches(struct kmem_cache *s)
 			 * list so as not to try to destroy it for a second
 			 * time while iterating over inactive caches below.
 			 */
-			list_move(&c->memcg_params.list, &busy);
+			list_move(&c->memcg_params.children_node, &busy);
 		else
 			/*
 			 * The cache is empty and will be destroyed soon. Clear
@@ -702,17 +703,17 @@ static int shutdown_memcg_caches(struct kmem_cache *s)
 	 * Second, shutdown all caches left from memory cgroups that are now
 	 * offline.
 	 */
-	list_for_each_entry_safe(c, c2, &s->memcg_params.list,
-				 memcg_params.list)
+	list_for_each_entry_safe(c, c2, &s->memcg_params.children,
+				 memcg_params.children_node)
 		shutdown_cache(c);
 
-	list_splice(&busy, &s->memcg_params.list);
+	list_splice(&busy, &s->memcg_params.children);
 
 	/*
 	 * A cache being destroyed must be empty. In particular, this means
 	 * that all per memcg caches attached to it must be empty too.
 	 */
-	if (!list_empty(&s->memcg_params.list))
+	if (!list_empty(&s->memcg_params.children))
 		return -EBUSY;
 	return 0;
 }
-- 
2.9.3

[PATCH 04/10] slab: reorganize memcg_cache_params

[Tejun Heo]

We're gonna change how memcg caches are iterated.  In preparation,
clean up and reorganize memcg_cache_params.

* The shared ->list is replaced by ->children in root and
  ->children_node in children.

* ->is_root_cache is removed.  Instead ->root_cache is moved out of
  the child union and now used by both root and children.  NULL
  indicates root cache.  Non-NULL a memcg one.

This patch doesn't cause any observable behavior changes.

Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov.dev@gmail.com>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
---
 include/linux/slab.h | 33 ++++++++++++++++++++++++---------
 mm/slab.h            |  6 +++---
 mm/slab_common.c     | 25 +++++++++++++------------
 3 files changed, 40 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/include/linux/slab.h b/include/linux/slab.h
index 084b12b..2e83922 100644
--- a/include/linux/slab.h
+++ b/include/linux/slab.h
@@ -545,22 +545,37 @@ struct memcg_cache_array {
  * array to be accessed without taking any locks, on relocation we free the old
  * version only after a grace period.
  *
- * Child caches will hold extra metadata needed for its operation. Fields are:
+ * Root and child caches hold different metadata.
  *
- * @memcg: pointer to the memcg this cache belongs to
- * @root_cache: pointer to the global, root cache, this cache was derived from
+ * @root_cache:	Common to root and child caches.  NULL for root, pointer to
+ *		the root cache for children.
  *
- * Both root and child caches of the same kind are linked into a list chained
- * through @list.
+ * The following fields are specific to root caches.
+ *
+ * @memcg_caches: kmemcg ID indexed table of child caches.  This table is
+ *		used to index child cachces during allocation and cleared
+ *		early during shutdown.
+ *
+ * @children:	List of all child caches.  While the child caches are also
+ *		reachable through @memcg_caches, a child cache remains on
+ *		this list until it is actually destroyed.
+ *
+ * The following fields are specific to child caches.
+ *
+ * @memcg:	Pointer to the memcg this cache belongs to.
+ *
+ * @children_node: List node for @root_cache->children list.
  */
 struct memcg_cache_params {
-	bool is_root_cache;
-	struct list_head list;
+	struct kmem_cache *root_cache;
 	union {
-		struct memcg_cache_array __rcu *memcg_caches;
+		struct {
+			struct memcg_cache_array __rcu *memcg_caches;
+			struct list_head children;
+		};
 		struct {
 			struct mem_cgroup *memcg;
-			struct kmem_cache *root_cache;
+			struct list_head children_node;
 		};
 	};
 };
diff --git a/mm/slab.h b/mm/slab.h
index 4acc644..ce6b063 100644
--- a/mm/slab.h
+++ b/mm/slab.h
@@ -200,12 +200,12 @@ int __kmem_cache_alloc_bulk(struct kmem_cache *, gfp_t, size_t, void **);
  * slab_mutex.
  */
 #define for_each_memcg_cache(iter, root) \
-	list_for_each_entry(iter, &(root)->memcg_params.list, \
-			    memcg_params.list)
+	list_for_each_entry(iter, &(root)->memcg_params.children, \
+			    memcg_params.children_node)
 
 static inline bool is_root_cache(struct kmem_cache *s)
 {
-	return s->memcg_params.is_root_cache;
+	return !s->memcg_params.root_cache;
 }
 
 static inline bool slab_equal_or_root(struct kmem_cache *s,
diff --git a/mm/slab_common.c b/mm/slab_common.c
index c6fd297..76afe15 100644
--- a/mm/slab_common.c
+++ b/mm/slab_common.c
@@ -140,9 +140,9 @@ int __kmem_cache_alloc_bulk(struct kmem_cache *s, gfp_t flags, size_t nr,
 #if defined(CONFIG_MEMCG) && !defined(CONFIG_SLOB)
 void slab_init_memcg_params(struct kmem_cache *s)
 {
-	s->memcg_params.is_root_cache = true;
-	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&s->memcg_params.list);
+	s->memcg_params.root_cache = NULL;
 	RCU_INIT_POINTER(s->memcg_params.memcg_caches, NULL);
+	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&s->memcg_params.children);
 }
 
 static int init_memcg_params(struct kmem_cache *s,
@@ -150,10 +150,10 @@ static int init_memcg_params(struct kmem_cache *s,
 {
 	struct memcg_cache_array *arr;
 
-	if (memcg) {
-		s->memcg_params.is_root_cache = false;
-		s->memcg_params.memcg = memcg;
+	if (root_cache) {
 		s->memcg_params.root_cache = root_cache;
+		s->memcg_params.memcg = memcg;
+		INIT_LIST_HEAD(&s->memcg_params.children_node);
 		return 0;
 	}
 
@@ -223,7 +223,7 @@ int memcg_update_all_caches(int num_memcgs)
 
 static void unlink_memcg_cache(struct kmem_cache *s)
 {
-	list_del(&s->memcg_params.list);
+	list_del(&s->memcg_params.children_node);
 }
 #else
 static inline int init_memcg_params(struct kmem_cache *s,
@@ -591,7 +591,8 @@ void memcg_create_kmem_cache(struct mem_cgroup *memcg,
 		goto out_unlock;
 	}
 
-	list_add(&s->memcg_params.list, &root_cache->memcg_params.list);
+	list_add(&s->memcg_params.children_node,
+		 &root_cache->memcg_params.children);
 
 	/*
 	 * Since readers won't lock (see cache_from_memcg_idx()), we need a
@@ -687,7 +688,7 @@ static int shutdown_memcg_caches(struct kmem_cache *s)
 			 * list so as not to try to destroy it for a second
 			 * time while iterating over inactive caches below.
 			 */
-			list_move(&c->memcg_params.list, &busy);
+			list_move(&c->memcg_params.children_node, &busy);
 		else
 			/*
 			 * The cache is empty and will be destroyed soon. Clear
@@ -702,17 +703,17 @@ static int shutdown_memcg_caches(struct kmem_cache *s)
 	 * Second, shutdown all caches left from memory cgroups that are now
 	 * offline.
 	 */
-	list_for_each_entry_safe(c, c2, &s->memcg_params.list,
-				 memcg_params.list)
+	list_for_each_entry_safe(c, c2, &s->memcg_params.children,
+				 memcg_params.children_node)
 		shutdown_cache(c);
 
-	list_splice(&busy, &s->memcg_params.list);
+	list_splice(&busy, &s->memcg_params.children);
 
 	/*
 	 * A cache being destroyed must be empty. In particular, this means
 	 * that all per memcg caches attached to it must be empty too.
 	 */
-	if (!list_empty(&s->memcg_params.list))
+	if (!list_empty(&s->memcg_params.children))
 		return -EBUSY;
 	return 0;
 }
-- 
2.9.3

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[PATCH 05/10] slab: link memcg kmem_caches on their associated memory cgroup

[Tejun Heo]

With kmem cgroup support enabled, kmem_caches can be created and
destroyed frequently and a great number of near empty kmem_caches can
accumulate if there are a lot of transient cgroups and the system is
not under memory pressure.  When memory reclaim starts under such
conditions, it can lead to consecutive deactivation and destruction of
many kmem_caches, easily hundreds of thousands on moderately large
systems, exposing scalability issues in the current slab management
code.  This is one of the patches to address the issue.

While a memcg kmem_cache is listed on its root cache's ->children
list, there is no direct way to iterate all kmem_caches which are
assocaited with a memory cgroup.  The only way to iterate them is
walking all caches while filtering out caches which don't match, which
would be most of them.

This makes memcg destruction operations O(N^2) where N is the total
number of slab caches which can be huge.  This combined with the
synchronous RCU operations can tie up a CPU and affect the whole
machine for many hours when memory reclaim triggers offlining and
destruction of the stale memcgs.

This patch adds mem_cgroup->kmem_caches list which goes through
memcg_cache_params->kmem_caches_node of all kmem_caches which are
associated with the memcg.  All memcg specific iterations, including
stat file access, are updated to use the new list instead.

v2: Initial version made slab_{start|next|stop}() static; however,
    mm/slab.c still needs them.  Leave them global.

Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Reported-by: Jay Vana <jsvana@fb.com>
Acked-by: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov.dev@gmail.com>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
---
 include/linux/memcontrol.h |  1 +
 include/linux/slab.h       |  3 +++
 mm/memcontrol.c            |  7 ++++---
 mm/slab.h                  |  3 +++
 mm/slab_common.c           | 36 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++-------
 5 files changed, 40 insertions(+), 10 deletions(-)

diff --git a/include/linux/memcontrol.h b/include/linux/memcontrol.h
index 61d20c1..4de925c 100644
--- a/include/linux/memcontrol.h
+++ b/include/linux/memcontrol.h
@@ -253,6 +253,7 @@ struct mem_cgroup {
         /* Index in the kmem_cache->memcg_params.memcg_caches array */
 	int kmemcg_id;
 	enum memcg_kmem_state kmem_state;
+	struct list_head kmem_caches;
 #endif
 
 	int last_scanned_node;
diff --git a/include/linux/slab.h b/include/linux/slab.h
index 2e83922..95b4d9d 100644
--- a/include/linux/slab.h
+++ b/include/linux/slab.h
@@ -565,6 +565,8 @@ struct memcg_cache_array {
  * @memcg:	Pointer to the memcg this cache belongs to.
  *
  * @children_node: List node for @root_cache->children list.
+ *
+ * @kmem_caches_node: List node for @memcg->kmem_caches list.
  */
 struct memcg_cache_params {
 	struct kmem_cache *root_cache;
@@ -576,6 +578,7 @@ struct memcg_cache_params {
 		struct {
 			struct mem_cgroup *memcg;
 			struct list_head children_node;
+			struct list_head kmem_caches_node;
 		};
 	};
 };
diff --git a/mm/memcontrol.c b/mm/memcontrol.c
index 4048897..a2b20f7f 100644
--- a/mm/memcontrol.c
+++ b/mm/memcontrol.c
@@ -2839,6 +2839,7 @@ static int memcg_online_kmem(struct mem_cgroup *memcg)
 	 */
 	memcg->kmemcg_id = memcg_id;
 	memcg->kmem_state = KMEM_ONLINE;
+	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&memcg->kmem_caches);
 
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -4004,9 +4005,9 @@ static struct cftype mem_cgroup_legacy_files[] = {
 #ifdef CONFIG_SLABINFO
 	{
 		.name = "kmem.slabinfo",
-		.seq_start = slab_start,
-		.seq_next = slab_next,
-		.seq_stop = slab_stop,
+		.seq_start = memcg_slab_start,
+		.seq_next = memcg_slab_next,
+		.seq_stop = memcg_slab_stop,
 		.seq_show = memcg_slab_show,
 	},
 #endif
diff --git a/mm/slab.h b/mm/slab.h
index ce6b063..4cb67a3 100644
--- a/mm/slab.h
+++ b/mm/slab.h
@@ -488,6 +488,9 @@ static inline struct kmem_cache_node *get_node(struct kmem_cache *s, int node)
 void *slab_start(struct seq_file *m, loff_t *pos);
 void *slab_next(struct seq_file *m, void *p, loff_t *pos);
 void slab_stop(struct seq_file *m, void *p);
+void *memcg_slab_start(struct seq_file *m, loff_t *pos);
+void *memcg_slab_next(struct seq_file *m, void *p, loff_t *pos);
+void memcg_slab_stop(struct seq_file *m, void *p);
 int memcg_slab_show(struct seq_file *m, void *p);
 
 void ___cache_free(struct kmem_cache *cache, void *x, unsigned long addr);
diff --git a/mm/slab_common.c b/mm/slab_common.c
index 76afe15..85292cc 100644
--- a/mm/slab_common.c
+++ b/mm/slab_common.c
@@ -154,6 +154,7 @@ static int init_memcg_params(struct kmem_cache *s,
 		s->memcg_params.root_cache = root_cache;
 		s->memcg_params.memcg = memcg;
 		INIT_LIST_HEAD(&s->memcg_params.children_node);
+		INIT_LIST_HEAD(&s->memcg_params.kmem_caches_node);
 		return 0;
 	}
 
@@ -224,6 +225,7 @@ int memcg_update_all_caches(int num_memcgs)
 static void unlink_memcg_cache(struct kmem_cache *s)
 {
 	list_del(&s->memcg_params.children_node);
+	list_del(&s->memcg_params.kmem_caches_node);
 }
 #else
 static inline int init_memcg_params(struct kmem_cache *s,
@@ -593,6 +595,7 @@ void memcg_create_kmem_cache(struct mem_cgroup *memcg,
 
 	list_add(&s->memcg_params.children_node,
 		 &root_cache->memcg_params.children);
+	list_add(&s->memcg_params.kmem_caches_node, &memcg->kmem_caches);
 
 	/*
 	 * Since readers won't lock (see cache_from_memcg_idx()), we need a
@@ -648,9 +651,8 @@ void memcg_destroy_kmem_caches(struct mem_cgroup *memcg)
 	get_online_mems();
 
 	mutex_lock(&slab_mutex);
-	list_for_each_entry_safe(s, s2, &slab_caches, list) {
-		if (is_root_cache(s) || s->memcg_params.memcg != memcg)
-			continue;
+	list_for_each_entry_safe(s, s2, &memcg->kmem_caches,
+				 memcg_params.kmem_caches_node) {
 		/*
 		 * The cgroup is about to be freed and therefore has no charges
 		 * left. Hence, all its caches must be empty by now.
@@ -1201,15 +1203,35 @@ static int slab_show(struct seq_file *m, void *p)
 }
 
 #if defined(CONFIG_MEMCG) && !defined(CONFIG_SLOB)
+void *memcg_slab_start(struct seq_file *m, loff_t *pos)
+{
+	struct mem_cgroup *memcg = mem_cgroup_from_css(seq_css(m));
+
+	mutex_lock(&slab_mutex);
+	return seq_list_start(&memcg->kmem_caches, *pos);
+}
+
+void *memcg_slab_next(struct seq_file *m, void *p, loff_t *pos)
+{
+	struct mem_cgroup *memcg = mem_cgroup_from_css(seq_css(m));
+
+	return seq_list_next(p, &memcg->kmem_caches, pos);
+}
+
+void memcg_slab_stop(struct seq_file *m, void *p)
+{
+	mutex_unlock(&slab_mutex);
+}
+
 int memcg_slab_show(struct seq_file *m, void *p)
 {
-	struct kmem_cache *s = list_entry(p, struct kmem_cache, list);
+	struct kmem_cache *s = list_entry(p, struct kmem_cache,
+					  memcg_params.kmem_caches_node);
 	struct mem_cgroup *memcg = mem_cgroup_from_css(seq_css(m));
 
-	if (p == slab_caches.next)
+	if (p == memcg->kmem_caches.next)
 		print_slabinfo_header(m);
-	if (!is_root_cache(s) && s->memcg_params.memcg == memcg)
-		cache_show(s, m);
+	cache_show(s, m);
 	return 0;
 }
 #endif
-- 
2.9.3

[PATCH 05/10] slab: link memcg kmem_caches on their associated memory cgroup

[Tejun Heo]

With kmem cgroup support enabled, kmem_caches can be created and
destroyed frequently and a great number of near empty kmem_caches can
accumulate if there are a lot of transient cgroups and the system is
not under memory pressure.  When memory reclaim starts under such
conditions, it can lead to consecutive deactivation and destruction of
many kmem_caches, easily hundreds of thousands on moderately large
systems, exposing scalability issues in the current slab management
code.  This is one of the patches to address the issue.

While a memcg kmem_cache is listed on its root cache's ->children
list, there is no direct way to iterate all kmem_caches which are
assocaited with a memory cgroup.  The only way to iterate them is
walking all caches while filtering out caches which don't match, which
would be most of them.

This makes memcg destruction operations O(N^2) where N is the total
number of slab caches which can be huge.  This combined with the
synchronous RCU operations can tie up a CPU and affect the whole
machine for many hours when memory reclaim triggers offlining and
destruction of the stale memcgs.

This patch adds mem_cgroup->kmem_caches list which goes through
memcg_cache_params->kmem_caches_node of all kmem_caches which are
associated with the memcg.  All memcg specific iterations, including
stat file access, are updated to use the new list instead.

v2: Initial version made slab_{start|next|stop}() static; however,
    mm/slab.c still needs them.  Leave them global.

Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Reported-by: Jay Vana <jsvana@fb.com>
Acked-by: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov.dev@gmail.com>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
---
 include/linux/memcontrol.h |  1 +
 include/linux/slab.h       |  3 +++
 mm/memcontrol.c            |  7 ++++---
 mm/slab.h                  |  3 +++
 mm/slab_common.c           | 36 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++-------
 5 files changed, 40 insertions(+), 10 deletions(-)

diff --git a/include/linux/memcontrol.h b/include/linux/memcontrol.h
index 61d20c1..4de925c 100644
--- a/include/linux/memcontrol.h
+++ b/include/linux/memcontrol.h
@@ -253,6 +253,7 @@ struct mem_cgroup {
         /* Index in the kmem_cache->memcg_params.memcg_caches array */
 	int kmemcg_id;
 	enum memcg_kmem_state kmem_state;
+	struct list_head kmem_caches;
 #endif
 
 	int last_scanned_node;
diff --git a/include/linux/slab.h b/include/linux/slab.h
index 2e83922..95b4d9d 100644
--- a/include/linux/slab.h
+++ b/include/linux/slab.h
@@ -565,6 +565,8 @@ struct memcg_cache_array {
  * @memcg:	Pointer to the memcg this cache belongs to.
  *
  * @children_node: List node for @root_cache->children list.
+ *
+ * @kmem_caches_node: List node for @memcg->kmem_caches list.
  */
 struct memcg_cache_params {
 	struct kmem_cache *root_cache;
@@ -576,6 +578,7 @@ struct memcg_cache_params {
 		struct {
 			struct mem_cgroup *memcg;
 			struct list_head children_node;
+			struct list_head kmem_caches_node;
 		};
 	};
 };
diff --git a/mm/memcontrol.c b/mm/memcontrol.c
index 4048897..a2b20f7f 100644
--- a/mm/memcontrol.c
+++ b/mm/memcontrol.c
@@ -2839,6 +2839,7 @@ static int memcg_online_kmem(struct mem_cgroup *memcg)
 	 */
 	memcg->kmemcg_id = memcg_id;
 	memcg->kmem_state = KMEM_ONLINE;
+	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&memcg->kmem_caches);
 
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -4004,9 +4005,9 @@ static struct cftype mem_cgroup_legacy_files[] = {
 #ifdef CONFIG_SLABINFO
 	{
 		.name = "kmem.slabinfo",
-		.seq_start = slab_start,
-		.seq_next = slab_next,
-		.seq_stop = slab_stop,
+		.seq_start = memcg_slab_start,
+		.seq_next = memcg_slab_next,
+		.seq_stop = memcg_slab_stop,
 		.seq_show = memcg_slab_show,
 	},
 #endif
diff --git a/mm/slab.h b/mm/slab.h
index ce6b063..4cb67a3 100644
--- a/mm/slab.h
+++ b/mm/slab.h
@@ -488,6 +488,9 @@ static inline struct kmem_cache_node *get_node(struct kmem_cache *s, int node)
 void *slab_start(struct seq_file *m, loff_t *pos);
 void *slab_next(struct seq_file *m, void *p, loff_t *pos);
 void slab_stop(struct seq_file *m, void *p);
+void *memcg_slab_start(struct seq_file *m, loff_t *pos);
+void *memcg_slab_next(struct seq_file *m, void *p, loff_t *pos);
+void memcg_slab_stop(struct seq_file *m, void *p);
 int memcg_slab_show(struct seq_file *m, void *p);
 
 void ___cache_free(struct kmem_cache *cache, void *x, unsigned long addr);
diff --git a/mm/slab_common.c b/mm/slab_common.c
index 76afe15..85292cc 100644
--- a/mm/slab_common.c
+++ b/mm/slab_common.c
@@ -154,6 +154,7 @@ static int init_memcg_params(struct kmem_cache *s,
 		s->memcg_params.root_cache = root_cache;
 		s->memcg_params.memcg = memcg;
 		INIT_LIST_HEAD(&s->memcg_params.children_node);
+		INIT_LIST_HEAD(&s->memcg_params.kmem_caches_node);
 		return 0;
 	}
 
@@ -224,6 +225,7 @@ int memcg_update_all_caches(int num_memcgs)
 static void unlink_memcg_cache(struct kmem_cache *s)
 {
 	list_del(&s->memcg_params.children_node);
+	list_del(&s->memcg_params.kmem_caches_node);
 }
 #else
 static inline int init_memcg_params(struct kmem_cache *s,
@@ -593,6 +595,7 @@ void memcg_create_kmem_cache(struct mem_cgroup *memcg,
 
 	list_add(&s->memcg_params.children_node,
 		 &root_cache->memcg_params.children);
+	list_add(&s->memcg_params.kmem_caches_node, &memcg->kmem_caches);
 
 	/*
 	 * Since readers won't lock (see cache_from_memcg_idx()), we need a
@@ -648,9 +651,8 @@ void memcg_destroy_kmem_caches(struct mem_cgroup *memcg)
 	get_online_mems();
 
 	mutex_lock(&slab_mutex);
-	list_for_each_entry_safe(s, s2, &slab_caches, list) {
-		if (is_root_cache(s) || s->memcg_params.memcg != memcg)
-			continue;
+	list_for_each_entry_safe(s, s2, &memcg->kmem_caches,
+				 memcg_params.kmem_caches_node) {
 		/*
 		 * The cgroup is about to be freed and therefore has no charges
 		 * left. Hence, all its caches must be empty by now.
@@ -1201,15 +1203,35 @@ static int slab_show(struct seq_file *m, void *p)
 }
 
 #if defined(CONFIG_MEMCG) && !defined(CONFIG_SLOB)
+void *memcg_slab_start(struct seq_file *m, loff_t *pos)
+{
+	struct mem_cgroup *memcg = mem_cgroup_from_css(seq_css(m));
+
+	mutex_lock(&slab_mutex);
+	return seq_list_start(&memcg->kmem_caches, *pos);
+}
+
+void *memcg_slab_next(struct seq_file *m, void *p, loff_t *pos)
+{
+	struct mem_cgroup *memcg = mem_cgroup_from_css(seq_css(m));
+
+	return seq_list_next(p, &memcg->kmem_caches, pos);
+}
+
+void memcg_slab_stop(struct seq_file *m, void *p)
+{
+	mutex_unlock(&slab_mutex);
+}
+
 int memcg_slab_show(struct seq_file *m, void *p)
 {
-	struct kmem_cache *s = list_entry(p, struct kmem_cache, list);
+	struct kmem_cache *s = list_entry(p, struct kmem_cache,
+					  memcg_params.kmem_caches_node);
 	struct mem_cgroup *memcg = mem_cgroup_from_css(seq_css(m));
 
-	if (p == slab_caches.next)
+	if (p == memcg->kmem_caches.next)
 		print_slabinfo_header(m);
-	if (!is_root_cache(s) && s->memcg_params.memcg == memcg)
-		cache_show(s, m);
+	cache_show(s, m);
 	return 0;
 }
 #endif
-- 
2.9.3

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[PATCH 06/10] slab: implement slab_root_caches list

[Tejun Heo]

With kmem cgroup support enabled, kmem_caches can be created and
destroyed frequently and a great number of near empty kmem_caches can
accumulate if there are a lot of transient cgroups and the system is
not under memory pressure.  When memory reclaim starts under such
conditions, it can lead to consecutive deactivation and destruction of
many kmem_caches, easily hundreds of thousands on moderately large
systems, exposing scalability issues in the current slab management
code.  This is one of the patches to address the issue.

slab_caches currently lists all caches including root and memcg ones.
This is the only data structure which lists the root caches and
iterating root caches can only be done by walking the list while
skipping over memcg caches.  As there can be a huge number of memcg
caches, this can become very expensive.

This also can make /proc/slabinfo behave very badly.  seq_file
processes reads in 4k chunks and seeks to the previous Nth position on
slab_caches list to resume after each chunk.  With a lot of memcg
cache churns on the list, reading /proc/slabinfo can become very slow
and its content often ends up with duplicate and/or missing entries.

This patch adds a new list slab_root_caches which lists only the root
caches.  When memcg is not enabled, it becomes just an alias of
slab_caches.  memcg specific list operations are collected into
memcg_[un]link_cache().

Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Reported-by: Jay Vana <jsvana@fb.com>
Cc: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov.dev@gmail.com>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
---
 include/linux/slab.h |  3 +++
 mm/slab.h            | 15 +++++++++++++
 mm/slab_common.c     | 59 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++----------------------
 mm/slub.c            |  1 +
 4 files changed, 53 insertions(+), 25 deletions(-)

diff --git a/include/linux/slab.h b/include/linux/slab.h
index 95b4d9d..41c49cc 100644
--- a/include/linux/slab.h
+++ b/include/linux/slab.h
@@ -556,6 +556,8 @@ struct memcg_cache_array {
  *		used to index child cachces during allocation and cleared
  *		early during shutdown.
  *
+ * @root_caches_node: List node for slab_root_caches list.
+ *
  * @children:	List of all child caches.  While the child caches are also
  *		reachable through @memcg_caches, a child cache remains on
  *		this list until it is actually destroyed.
@@ -573,6 +575,7 @@ struct memcg_cache_params {
 	union {
 		struct {
 			struct memcg_cache_array __rcu *memcg_caches;
+			struct list_head __root_caches_node;
 			struct list_head children;
 		};
 		struct {
diff --git a/mm/slab.h b/mm/slab.h
index 4cb67a3..a0450ba 100644
--- a/mm/slab.h
+++ b/mm/slab.h
@@ -195,6 +195,11 @@ void __kmem_cache_free_bulk(struct kmem_cache *, size_t, void **);
 int __kmem_cache_alloc_bulk(struct kmem_cache *, gfp_t, size_t, void **);
 
 #if defined(CONFIG_MEMCG) && !defined(CONFIG_SLOB)
+
+/* List of all root caches. */
+extern struct list_head		slab_root_caches;
+#define root_caches_node	memcg_params.__root_caches_node
+
 /*
  * Iterate over all memcg caches of the given root cache. The caller must hold
  * slab_mutex.
@@ -294,9 +299,14 @@ static __always_inline void memcg_uncharge_slab(struct page *page, int order,
 }
 
 extern void slab_init_memcg_params(struct kmem_cache *);
+extern void memcg_link_cache(struct kmem_cache *s);
 
 #else /* CONFIG_MEMCG && !CONFIG_SLOB */
 
+/* If !memcg, all caches are root. */
+#define slab_root_caches	slab_caches
+#define root_caches_node	list
+
 #define for_each_memcg_cache(iter, root) \
 	for ((void)(iter), (void)(root); 0; )
 
@@ -341,6 +351,11 @@ static inline void memcg_uncharge_slab(struct page *page, int order,
 static inline void slab_init_memcg_params(struct kmem_cache *s)
 {
 }
+
+static inline void memcg_link_cache(struct kmem_cache *s)
+{
+}
+
 #endif /* CONFIG_MEMCG && !CONFIG_SLOB */
 
 static inline struct kmem_cache *cache_from_obj(struct kmem_cache *s, void *x)
diff --git a/mm/slab_common.c b/mm/slab_common.c
index 85292cc..638cbc1 100644
--- a/mm/slab_common.c
+++ b/mm/slab_common.c
@@ -138,6 +138,9 @@ int __kmem_cache_alloc_bulk(struct kmem_cache *s, gfp_t flags, size_t nr,
 }
 
 #if defined(CONFIG_MEMCG) && !defined(CONFIG_SLOB)
+
+LIST_HEAD(slab_root_caches);
+
 void slab_init_memcg_params(struct kmem_cache *s)
 {
 	s->memcg_params.root_cache = NULL;
@@ -183,9 +186,6 @@ static int update_memcg_params(struct kmem_cache *s, int new_array_size)
 {
 	struct memcg_cache_array *old, *new;
 
-	if (!is_root_cache(s))
-		return 0;
-
 	new = kzalloc(sizeof(struct memcg_cache_array) +
 		      new_array_size * sizeof(void *), GFP_KERNEL);
 	if (!new)
@@ -209,7 +209,7 @@ int memcg_update_all_caches(int num_memcgs)
 	int ret = 0;
 
 	mutex_lock(&slab_mutex);
-	list_for_each_entry(s, &slab_caches, list) {
+	list_for_each_entry(s, &slab_root_caches, root_caches_node) {
 		ret = update_memcg_params(s, num_memcgs);
 		/*
 		 * Instead of freeing the memory, we'll just leave the caches
@@ -222,10 +222,26 @@ int memcg_update_all_caches(int num_memcgs)
 	return ret;
 }
 
-static void unlink_memcg_cache(struct kmem_cache *s)
+void memcg_link_cache(struct kmem_cache *s)
+{
+	if (is_root_cache(s)) {
+		list_add(&s->root_caches_node, &slab_root_caches);
+	} else {
+		list_add(&s->memcg_params.children_node,
+			 &s->memcg_params.root_cache->memcg_params.children);
+		list_add(&s->memcg_params.kmem_caches_node,
+			 &s->memcg_params.memcg->kmem_caches);
+	}
+}
+
+static void memcg_unlink_cache(struct kmem_cache *s)
 {
-	list_del(&s->memcg_params.children_node);
-	list_del(&s->memcg_params.kmem_caches_node);
+	if (is_root_cache(s)) {
+		list_del(&s->root_caches_node);
+	} else {
+		list_del(&s->memcg_params.children_node);
+		list_del(&s->memcg_params.kmem_caches_node);
+	}
 }
 #else
 static inline int init_memcg_params(struct kmem_cache *s,
@@ -238,7 +254,7 @@ static inline void destroy_memcg_params(struct kmem_cache *s)
 {
 }
 
-static inline void unlink_memcg_cache(struct kmem_cache *s)
+static inline void memcg_unlink_cache(struct kmem_cache *s)
 {
 }
 #endif /* CONFIG_MEMCG && !CONFIG_SLOB */
@@ -282,7 +298,7 @@ struct kmem_cache *find_mergeable(size_t size, size_t align,
 	size = ALIGN(size, align);
 	flags = kmem_cache_flags(size, flags, name, NULL);
 
-	list_for_each_entry_reverse(s, &slab_caches, list) {
+	list_for_each_entry_reverse(s, &slab_root_caches, root_caches_node) {
 		if (slab_unmergeable(s))
 			continue;
 
@@ -366,6 +382,7 @@ static struct kmem_cache *create_cache(const char *name,
 
 	s->refcount = 1;
 	list_add(&s->list, &slab_caches);
+	memcg_link_cache(s);
 out:
 	if (err)
 		return ERR_PTR(err);
@@ -511,9 +528,8 @@ static int shutdown_cache(struct kmem_cache *s)
 	if (__kmem_cache_shutdown(s) != 0)
 		return -EBUSY;
 
+	memcg_unlink_cache(s);
 	list_del(&s->list);
-	if (!is_root_cache(s))
-		unlink_memcg_cache(s);
 
 	if (s->flags & SLAB_DESTROY_BY_RCU) {
 		list_add_tail(&s->list, &slab_caches_to_rcu_destroy);
@@ -593,10 +609,6 @@ void memcg_create_kmem_cache(struct mem_cgroup *memcg,
 		goto out_unlock;
 	}
 
-	list_add(&s->memcg_params.children_node,
-		 &root_cache->memcg_params.children);
-	list_add(&s->memcg_params.kmem_caches_node, &memcg->kmem_caches);
-
 	/*
 	 * Since readers won't lock (see cache_from_memcg_idx()), we need a
 	 * barrier here to ensure nobody will see the kmem_cache partially
@@ -624,10 +636,7 @@ void memcg_deactivate_kmem_caches(struct mem_cgroup *memcg)
 	get_online_mems();
 
 	mutex_lock(&slab_mutex);
-	list_for_each_entry(s, &slab_caches, list) {
-		if (!is_root_cache(s))
-			continue;
-
+	list_for_each_entry(s, &slab_root_caches, root_caches_node) {
 		arr = rcu_dereference_protected(s->memcg_params.memcg_caches,
 						lockdep_is_held(&slab_mutex));
 		c = arr->entries[idx];
@@ -826,6 +835,7 @@ struct kmem_cache *__init create_kmalloc_cache(const char *name, size_t size,
 
 	create_boot_cache(s, name, size, flags);
 	list_add(&s->list, &slab_caches);
+	memcg_link_cache(s);
 	s->refcount = 1;
 	return s;
 }
@@ -1136,12 +1146,12 @@ static void print_slabinfo_header(struct seq_file *m)
 void *slab_start(struct seq_file *m, loff_t *pos)
 {
 	mutex_lock(&slab_mutex);
-	return seq_list_start(&slab_caches, *pos);
+	return seq_list_start(&slab_root_caches, *pos);
 }
 
 void *slab_next(struct seq_file *m, void *p, loff_t *pos)
 {
-	return seq_list_next(p, &slab_caches, pos);
+	return seq_list_next(p, &slab_root_caches, pos);
 }
 
 void slab_stop(struct seq_file *m, void *p)
@@ -1193,12 +1203,11 @@ static void cache_show(struct kmem_cache *s, struct seq_file *m)
 
 static int slab_show(struct seq_file *m, void *p)
 {
-	struct kmem_cache *s = list_entry(p, struct kmem_cache, list);
+	struct kmem_cache *s = list_entry(p, struct kmem_cache, root_caches_node);
 
-	if (p == slab_caches.next)
+	if (p == slab_root_caches.next)
 		print_slabinfo_header(m);
-	if (is_root_cache(s))
-		cache_show(s, m);
+	cache_show(s, m);
 	return 0;
 }
 
diff --git a/mm/slub.c b/mm/slub.c
index 2b78c82..8f37896 100644
--- a/mm/slub.c
+++ b/mm/slub.c
@@ -4119,6 +4119,7 @@ static struct kmem_cache * __init bootstrap(struct kmem_cache *static_cache)
 	}
 	slab_init_memcg_params(s);
 	list_add(&s->list, &slab_caches);
+	memcg_link_cache(s);
 	return s;
 }
 
-- 
2.9.3

[PATCH 06/10] slab: implement slab_root_caches list

[Tejun Heo]

With kmem cgroup support enabled, kmem_caches can be created and
destroyed frequently and a great number of near empty kmem_caches can
accumulate if there are a lot of transient cgroups and the system is
not under memory pressure.  When memory reclaim starts under such
conditions, it can lead to consecutive deactivation and destruction of
many kmem_caches, easily hundreds of thousands on moderately large
systems, exposing scalability issues in the current slab management
code.  This is one of the patches to address the issue.

slab_caches currently lists all caches including root and memcg ones.
This is the only data structure which lists the root caches and
iterating root caches can only be done by walking the list while
skipping over memcg caches.  As there can be a huge number of memcg
caches, this can become very expensive.

This also can make /proc/slabinfo behave very badly.  seq_file
processes reads in 4k chunks and seeks to the previous Nth position on
slab_caches list to resume after each chunk.  With a lot of memcg
cache churns on the list, reading /proc/slabinfo can become very slow
and its content often ends up with duplicate and/or missing entries.

This patch adds a new list slab_root_caches which lists only the root
caches.  When memcg is not enabled, it becomes just an alias of
slab_caches.  memcg specific list operations are collected into
memcg_[un]link_cache().

Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Reported-by: Jay Vana <jsvana@fb.com>
Cc: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov.dev@gmail.com>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
---
 include/linux/slab.h |  3 +++
 mm/slab.h            | 15 +++++++++++++
 mm/slab_common.c     | 59 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++----------------------
 mm/slub.c            |  1 +
 4 files changed, 53 insertions(+), 25 deletions(-)

diff --git a/include/linux/slab.h b/include/linux/slab.h
index 95b4d9d..41c49cc 100644
--- a/include/linux/slab.h
+++ b/include/linux/slab.h
@@ -556,6 +556,8 @@ struct memcg_cache_array {
  *		used to index child cachces during allocation and cleared
  *		early during shutdown.
  *
+ * @root_caches_node: List node for slab_root_caches list.
+ *
  * @children:	List of all child caches.  While the child caches are also
  *		reachable through @memcg_caches, a child cache remains on
  *		this list until it is actually destroyed.
@@ -573,6 +575,7 @@ struct memcg_cache_params {
 	union {
 		struct {
 			struct memcg_cache_array __rcu *memcg_caches;
+			struct list_head __root_caches_node;
 			struct list_head children;
 		};
 		struct {
diff --git a/mm/slab.h b/mm/slab.h
index 4cb67a3..a0450ba 100644
--- a/mm/slab.h
+++ b/mm/slab.h
@@ -195,6 +195,11 @@ void __kmem_cache_free_bulk(struct kmem_cache *, size_t, void **);
 int __kmem_cache_alloc_bulk(struct kmem_cache *, gfp_t, size_t, void **);
 
 #if defined(CONFIG_MEMCG) && !defined(CONFIG_SLOB)
+
+/* List of all root caches. */
+extern struct list_head		slab_root_caches;
+#define root_caches_node	memcg_params.__root_caches_node
+
 /*
  * Iterate over all memcg caches of the given root cache. The caller must hold
  * slab_mutex.
@@ -294,9 +299,14 @@ static __always_inline void memcg_uncharge_slab(struct page *page, int order,
 }
 
 extern void slab_init_memcg_params(struct kmem_cache *);
+extern void memcg_link_cache(struct kmem_cache *s);
 
 #else /* CONFIG_MEMCG && !CONFIG_SLOB */
 
+/* If !memcg, all caches are root. */
+#define slab_root_caches	slab_caches
+#define root_caches_node	list
+
 #define for_each_memcg_cache(iter, root) \
 	for ((void)(iter), (void)(root); 0; )
 
@@ -341,6 +351,11 @@ static inline void memcg_uncharge_slab(struct page *page, int order,
 static inline void slab_init_memcg_params(struct kmem_cache *s)
 {
 }
+
+static inline void memcg_link_cache(struct kmem_cache *s)
+{
+}
+
 #endif /* CONFIG_MEMCG && !CONFIG_SLOB */
 
 static inline struct kmem_cache *cache_from_obj(struct kmem_cache *s, void *x)
diff --git a/mm/slab_common.c b/mm/slab_common.c
index 85292cc..638cbc1 100644
--- a/mm/slab_common.c
+++ b/mm/slab_common.c
@@ -138,6 +138,9 @@ int __kmem_cache_alloc_bulk(struct kmem_cache *s, gfp_t flags, size_t nr,
 }
 
 #if defined(CONFIG_MEMCG) && !defined(CONFIG_SLOB)
+
+LIST_HEAD(slab_root_caches);
+
 void slab_init_memcg_params(struct kmem_cache *s)
 {
 	s->memcg_params.root_cache = NULL;
@@ -183,9 +186,6 @@ static int update_memcg_params(struct kmem_cache *s, int new_array_size)
 {
 	struct memcg_cache_array *old, *new;
 
-	if (!is_root_cache(s))
-		return 0;
-
 	new = kzalloc(sizeof(struct memcg_cache_array) +
 		      new_array_size * sizeof(void *), GFP_KERNEL);
 	if (!new)
@@ -209,7 +209,7 @@ int memcg_update_all_caches(int num_memcgs)
 	int ret = 0;
 
 	mutex_lock(&slab_mutex);
-	list_for_each_entry(s, &slab_caches, list) {
+	list_for_each_entry(s, &slab_root_caches, root_caches_node) {
 		ret = update_memcg_params(s, num_memcgs);
 		/*
 		 * Instead of freeing the memory, we'll just leave the caches
@@ -222,10 +222,26 @@ int memcg_update_all_caches(int num_memcgs)
 	return ret;
 }
 
-static void unlink_memcg_cache(struct kmem_cache *s)
+void memcg_link_cache(struct kmem_cache *s)
+{
+	if (is_root_cache(s)) {
+		list_add(&s->root_caches_node, &slab_root_caches);
+	} else {
+		list_add(&s->memcg_params.children_node,
+			 &s->memcg_params.root_cache->memcg_params.children);
+		list_add(&s->memcg_params.kmem_caches_node,
+			 &s->memcg_params.memcg->kmem_caches);
+	}
+}
+
+static void memcg_unlink_cache(struct kmem_cache *s)
 {
-	list_del(&s->memcg_params.children_node);
-	list_del(&s->memcg_params.kmem_caches_node);
+	if (is_root_cache(s)) {
+		list_del(&s->root_caches_node);
+	} else {
+		list_del(&s->memcg_params.children_node);
+		list_del(&s->memcg_params.kmem_caches_node);
+	}
 }
 #else
 static inline int init_memcg_params(struct kmem_cache *s,
@@ -238,7 +254,7 @@ static inline void destroy_memcg_params(struct kmem_cache *s)
 {
 }
 
-static inline void unlink_memcg_cache(struct kmem_cache *s)
+static inline void memcg_unlink_cache(struct kmem_cache *s)
 {
 }
 #endif /* CONFIG_MEMCG && !CONFIG_SLOB */
@@ -282,7 +298,7 @@ struct kmem_cache *find_mergeable(size_t size, size_t align,
 	size = ALIGN(size, align);
 	flags = kmem_cache_flags(size, flags, name, NULL);
 
-	list_for_each_entry_reverse(s, &slab_caches, list) {
+	list_for_each_entry_reverse(s, &slab_root_caches, root_caches_node) {
 		if (slab_unmergeable(s))
 			continue;
 
@@ -366,6 +382,7 @@ static struct kmem_cache *create_cache(const char *name,
 
 	s->refcount = 1;
 	list_add(&s->list, &slab_caches);
+	memcg_link_cache(s);
 out:
 	if (err)
 		return ERR_PTR(err);
@@ -511,9 +528,8 @@ static int shutdown_cache(struct kmem_cache *s)
 	if (__kmem_cache_shutdown(s) != 0)
 		return -EBUSY;
 
+	memcg_unlink_cache(s);
 	list_del(&s->list);
-	if (!is_root_cache(s))
-		unlink_memcg_cache(s);
 
 	if (s->flags & SLAB_DESTROY_BY_RCU) {
 		list_add_tail(&s->list, &slab_caches_to_rcu_destroy);
@@ -593,10 +609,6 @@ void memcg_create_kmem_cache(struct mem_cgroup *memcg,
 		goto out_unlock;
 	}
 
-	list_add(&s->memcg_params.children_node,
-		 &root_cache->memcg_params.children);
-	list_add(&s->memcg_params.kmem_caches_node, &memcg->kmem_caches);
-
 	/*
 	 * Since readers won't lock (see cache_from_memcg_idx()), we need a
 	 * barrier here to ensure nobody will see the kmem_cache partially
@@ -624,10 +636,7 @@ void memcg_deactivate_kmem_caches(struct mem_cgroup *memcg)
 	get_online_mems();
 
 	mutex_lock(&slab_mutex);
-	list_for_each_entry(s, &slab_caches, list) {
-		if (!is_root_cache(s))
-			continue;
-
+	list_for_each_entry(s, &slab_root_caches, root_caches_node) {
 		arr = rcu_dereference_protected(s->memcg_params.memcg_caches,
 						lockdep_is_held(&slab_mutex));
 		c = arr->entries[idx];
@@ -826,6 +835,7 @@ struct kmem_cache *__init create_kmalloc_cache(const char *name, size_t size,
 
 	create_boot_cache(s, name, size, flags);
 	list_add(&s->list, &slab_caches);
+	memcg_link_cache(s);
 	s->refcount = 1;
 	return s;
 }
@@ -1136,12 +1146,12 @@ static void print_slabinfo_header(struct seq_file *m)
 void *slab_start(struct seq_file *m, loff_t *pos)
 {
 	mutex_lock(&slab_mutex);
-	return seq_list_start(&slab_caches, *pos);
+	return seq_list_start(&slab_root_caches, *pos);
 }
 
 void *slab_next(struct seq_file *m, void *p, loff_t *pos)
 {
-	return seq_list_next(p, &slab_caches, pos);
+	return seq_list_next(p, &slab_root_caches, pos);
 }
 
 void slab_stop(struct seq_file *m, void *p)
@@ -1193,12 +1203,11 @@ static void cache_show(struct kmem_cache *s, struct seq_file *m)
 
 static int slab_show(struct seq_file *m, void *p)
 {
-	struct kmem_cache *s = list_entry(p, struct kmem_cache, list);
+	struct kmem_cache *s = list_entry(p, struct kmem_cache, root_caches_node);
 
-	if (p == slab_caches.next)
+	if (p == slab_root_caches.next)
 		print_slabinfo_header(m);
-	if (is_root_cache(s))
-		cache_show(s, m);
+	cache_show(s, m);
 	return 0;
 }
 
diff --git a/mm/slub.c b/mm/slub.c
index 2b78c82..8f37896 100644
--- a/mm/slub.c
+++ b/mm/slub.c
@@ -4119,6 +4119,7 @@ static struct kmem_cache * __init bootstrap(struct kmem_cache *static_cache)
 	}
 	slab_init_memcg_params(s);
 	list_add(&s->list, &slab_caches);
+	memcg_link_cache(s);
 	return s;
 }
 
-- 
2.9.3

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Re: [PATCH 06/10] slab: implement slab_root_caches list

[Vladimir Davydov]

On Tue, Jan 17, 2017 at 03:54:07PM -0800, Tejun Heo wrote:
> With kmem cgroup support enabled, kmem_caches can be created and
> destroyed frequently and a great number of near empty kmem_caches can
> accumulate if there are a lot of transient cgroups and the system is
> not under memory pressure.  When memory reclaim starts under such
> conditions, it can lead to consecutive deactivation and destruction of
> many kmem_caches, easily hundreds of thousands on moderately large
> systems, exposing scalability issues in the current slab management
> code.  This is one of the patches to address the issue.
> 
> slab_caches currently lists all caches including root and memcg ones.
> This is the only data structure which lists the root caches and
> iterating root caches can only be done by walking the list while
> skipping over memcg caches.  As there can be a huge number of memcg
> caches, this can become very expensive.
> 
> This also can make /proc/slabinfo behave very badly.  seq_file
> processes reads in 4k chunks and seeks to the previous Nth position on
> slab_caches list to resume after each chunk.  With a lot of memcg
> cache churns on the list, reading /proc/slabinfo can become very slow
> and its content often ends up with duplicate and/or missing entries.
> 
> This patch adds a new list slab_root_caches which lists only the root
> caches.  When memcg is not enabled, it becomes just an alias of
> slab_caches.  memcg specific list operations are collected into
> memcg_[un]link_cache().
> 
> Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
> Reported-by: Jay Vana <jsvana@fb.com>
> Cc: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov.dev@gmail.com>
> Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
> Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
> Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
> Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
> Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>

Acked-by: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov@tarantool.org>

Re: [PATCH 06/10] slab: implement slab_root_caches list

[Vladimir Davydov]

On Tue, Jan 17, 2017 at 03:54:07PM -0800, Tejun Heo wrote:
> With kmem cgroup support enabled, kmem_caches can be created and
> destroyed frequently and a great number of near empty kmem_caches can
> accumulate if there are a lot of transient cgroups and the system is
> not under memory pressure.  When memory reclaim starts under such
> conditions, it can lead to consecutive deactivation and destruction of
> many kmem_caches, easily hundreds of thousands on moderately large
> systems, exposing scalability issues in the current slab management
> code.  This is one of the patches to address the issue.
> 
> slab_caches currently lists all caches including root and memcg ones.
> This is the only data structure which lists the root caches and
> iterating root caches can only be done by walking the list while
> skipping over memcg caches.  As there can be a huge number of memcg
> caches, this can become very expensive.
> 
> This also can make /proc/slabinfo behave very badly.  seq_file
> processes reads in 4k chunks and seeks to the previous Nth position on
> slab_caches list to resume after each chunk.  With a lot of memcg
> cache churns on the list, reading /proc/slabinfo can become very slow
> and its content often ends up with duplicate and/or missing entries.
> 
> This patch adds a new list slab_root_caches which lists only the root
> caches.  When memcg is not enabled, it becomes just an alias of
> slab_caches.  memcg specific list operations are collected into
> memcg_[un]link_cache().
> 
> Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
> Reported-by: Jay Vana <jsvana@fb.com>
> Cc: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov.dev@gmail.com>
> Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
> Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
> Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
> Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
> Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>

Acked-by: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov@tarantool.org>

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[PATCH 07/10] slab: introduce __kmemcg_cache_deactivate()

[Tejun Heo]

__kmem_cache_shrink() is called with %true @deactivate only for memcg
caches.  Remove @deactivate from __kmem_cache_shrink() and introduce
__kmemcg_cache_deactivate() instead.  Each memcg-supporting allocator
should implement it and it should deactivate and drain the cache.

This is to allow memcg cache deactivation behavior to further deviate
from simple shrinking without messing up __kmem_cache_shrink().

This is pure reorganization and doesn't introduce any observable
behavior changes.

v2: Dropped unnecessary ifdef in mm/slab.h as suggested by Vladimir.

Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov.dev@gmail.com>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
---
 mm/slab.c        | 11 +++++++++--
 mm/slab.h        |  3 ++-
 mm/slab_common.c |  4 ++--
 mm/slob.c        |  2 +-
 mm/slub.c        | 39 ++++++++++++++++++++++-----------------
 5 files changed, 36 insertions(+), 23 deletions(-)

diff --git a/mm/slab.c b/mm/slab.c
index 767e8e4..65814f2 100644
--- a/mm/slab.c
+++ b/mm/slab.c
@@ -2314,7 +2314,7 @@ static int drain_freelist(struct kmem_cache *cache,
 	return nr_freed;
 }
 
-int __kmem_cache_shrink(struct kmem_cache *cachep, bool deactivate)
+int __kmem_cache_shrink(struct kmem_cache *cachep)
 {
 	int ret = 0;
 	int node;
@@ -2332,9 +2332,16 @@ int __kmem_cache_shrink(struct kmem_cache *cachep, bool deactivate)
 	return (ret ? 1 : 0);
 }
 
+#ifdef CONFIG_MEMCG
+void __kmemcg_cache_deactivate(struct kmem_cache *cachep)
+{
+	__kmem_cache_shrink(cachep);
+}
+#endif
+
 int __kmem_cache_shutdown(struct kmem_cache *cachep)
 {
-	return __kmem_cache_shrink(cachep, false);
+	return __kmem_cache_shrink(cachep);
 }
 
 void __kmem_cache_release(struct kmem_cache *cachep)
diff --git a/mm/slab.h b/mm/slab.h
index a0450ba..be4434e 100644
--- a/mm/slab.h
+++ b/mm/slab.h
@@ -161,7 +161,8 @@ static inline unsigned long kmem_cache_flags(unsigned long object_size,
 
 int __kmem_cache_shutdown(struct kmem_cache *);
 void __kmem_cache_release(struct kmem_cache *);
-int __kmem_cache_shrink(struct kmem_cache *, bool);
+int __kmem_cache_shrink(struct kmem_cache *);
+void __kmemcg_cache_deactivate(struct kmem_cache *s);
 void slab_kmem_cache_release(struct kmem_cache *);
 
 struct seq_file;
diff --git a/mm/slab_common.c b/mm/slab_common.c
index 638cbc1..cd4c952 100644
--- a/mm/slab_common.c
+++ b/mm/slab_common.c
@@ -643,7 +643,7 @@ void memcg_deactivate_kmem_caches(struct mem_cgroup *memcg)
 		if (!c)
 			continue;
 
-		__kmem_cache_shrink(c, true);
+		__kmemcg_cache_deactivate(c);
 		arr->entries[idx] = NULL;
 	}
 	mutex_unlock(&slab_mutex);
@@ -791,7 +791,7 @@ int kmem_cache_shrink(struct kmem_cache *cachep)
 	get_online_cpus();
 	get_online_mems();
 	kasan_cache_shrink(cachep);
-	ret = __kmem_cache_shrink(cachep, false);
+	ret = __kmem_cache_shrink(cachep);
 	put_online_mems();
 	put_online_cpus();
 	return ret;
diff --git a/mm/slob.c b/mm/slob.c
index 5ec1580..eac04d4 100644
--- a/mm/slob.c
+++ b/mm/slob.c
@@ -634,7 +634,7 @@ void __kmem_cache_release(struct kmem_cache *c)
 {
 }
 
-int __kmem_cache_shrink(struct kmem_cache *d, bool deactivate)
+int __kmem_cache_shrink(struct kmem_cache *d)
 {
 	return 0;
 }
diff --git a/mm/slub.c b/mm/slub.c
index 8f37896..c754ea0 100644
--- a/mm/slub.c
+++ b/mm/slub.c
@@ -3886,7 +3886,7 @@ EXPORT_SYMBOL(kfree);
  * being allocated from last increasing the chance that the last objects
  * are freed in them.
  */
-int __kmem_cache_shrink(struct kmem_cache *s, bool deactivate)
+int __kmem_cache_shrink(struct kmem_cache *s)
 {
 	int node;
 	int i;
@@ -3898,21 +3898,6 @@ int __kmem_cache_shrink(struct kmem_cache *s, bool deactivate)
 	unsigned long flags;
 	int ret = 0;
 
-	if (deactivate) {
-		/*
-		 * Disable empty slabs caching. Used to avoid pinning offline
-		 * memory cgroups by kmem pages that can be freed.
-		 */
-		s->cpu_partial = 0;
-		s->min_partial = 0;
-
-		/*
-		 * s->cpu_partial is checked locklessly (see put_cpu_partial),
-		 * so we have to make sure the change is visible.
-		 */
-		synchronize_sched();
-	}
-
 	flush_all(s);
 	for_each_kmem_cache_node(s, node, n) {
 		INIT_LIST_HEAD(&discard);
@@ -3963,13 +3948,33 @@ int __kmem_cache_shrink(struct kmem_cache *s, bool deactivate)
 	return ret;
 }
 
+#ifdef CONFIG_MEMCG
+void __kmemcg_cache_deactivate(struct kmem_cache *s)
+{
+	/*
+	 * Disable empty slabs caching. Used to avoid pinning offline
+	 * memory cgroups by kmem pages that can be freed.
+	 */
+	s->cpu_partial = 0;
+	s->min_partial = 0;
+
+	/*
+	 * s->cpu_partial is checked locklessly (see put_cpu_partial), so
+	 * we have to make sure the change is visible.
+	 */
+	synchronize_sched();
+
+	__kmem_cache_shrink(s);
+}
+#endif
+
 static int slab_mem_going_offline_callback(void *arg)
 {
 	struct kmem_cache *s;
 
 	mutex_lock(&slab_mutex);
 	list_for_each_entry(s, &slab_caches, list)
-		__kmem_cache_shrink(s, false);
+		__kmem_cache_shrink(s);
 	mutex_unlock(&slab_mutex);
 
 	return 0;
-- 
2.9.3

[PATCH 07/10] slab: introduce __kmemcg_cache_deactivate()

[Tejun Heo]

__kmem_cache_shrink() is called with %true @deactivate only for memcg
caches.  Remove @deactivate from __kmem_cache_shrink() and introduce
__kmemcg_cache_deactivate() instead.  Each memcg-supporting allocator
should implement it and it should deactivate and drain the cache.

This is to allow memcg cache deactivation behavior to further deviate
from simple shrinking without messing up __kmem_cache_shrink().

This is pure reorganization and doesn't introduce any observable
behavior changes.

v2: Dropped unnecessary ifdef in mm/slab.h as suggested by Vladimir.

Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov.dev@gmail.com>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
---
 mm/slab.c        | 11 +++++++++--
 mm/slab.h        |  3 ++-
 mm/slab_common.c |  4 ++--
 mm/slob.c        |  2 +-
 mm/slub.c        | 39 ++++++++++++++++++++++-----------------
 5 files changed, 36 insertions(+), 23 deletions(-)

diff --git a/mm/slab.c b/mm/slab.c
index 767e8e4..65814f2 100644
--- a/mm/slab.c
+++ b/mm/slab.c
@@ -2314,7 +2314,7 @@ static int drain_freelist(struct kmem_cache *cache,
 	return nr_freed;
 }
 
-int __kmem_cache_shrink(struct kmem_cache *cachep, bool deactivate)
+int __kmem_cache_shrink(struct kmem_cache *cachep)
 {
 	int ret = 0;
 	int node;
@@ -2332,9 +2332,16 @@ int __kmem_cache_shrink(struct kmem_cache *cachep, bool deactivate)
 	return (ret ? 1 : 0);
 }
 
+#ifdef CONFIG_MEMCG
+void __kmemcg_cache_deactivate(struct kmem_cache *cachep)
+{
+	__kmem_cache_shrink(cachep);
+}
+#endif
+
 int __kmem_cache_shutdown(struct kmem_cache *cachep)
 {
-	return __kmem_cache_shrink(cachep, false);
+	return __kmem_cache_shrink(cachep);
 }
 
 void __kmem_cache_release(struct kmem_cache *cachep)
diff --git a/mm/slab.h b/mm/slab.h
index a0450ba..be4434e 100644
--- a/mm/slab.h
+++ b/mm/slab.h
@@ -161,7 +161,8 @@ static inline unsigned long kmem_cache_flags(unsigned long object_size,
 
 int __kmem_cache_shutdown(struct kmem_cache *);
 void __kmem_cache_release(struct kmem_cache *);
-int __kmem_cache_shrink(struct kmem_cache *, bool);
+int __kmem_cache_shrink(struct kmem_cache *);
+void __kmemcg_cache_deactivate(struct kmem_cache *s);
 void slab_kmem_cache_release(struct kmem_cache *);
 
 struct seq_file;
diff --git a/mm/slab_common.c b/mm/slab_common.c
index 638cbc1..cd4c952 100644
--- a/mm/slab_common.c
+++ b/mm/slab_common.c
@@ -643,7 +643,7 @@ void memcg_deactivate_kmem_caches(struct mem_cgroup *memcg)
 		if (!c)
 			continue;
 
-		__kmem_cache_shrink(c, true);
+		__kmemcg_cache_deactivate(c);
 		arr->entries[idx] = NULL;
 	}
 	mutex_unlock(&slab_mutex);
@@ -791,7 +791,7 @@ int kmem_cache_shrink(struct kmem_cache *cachep)
 	get_online_cpus();
 	get_online_mems();
 	kasan_cache_shrink(cachep);
-	ret = __kmem_cache_shrink(cachep, false);
+	ret = __kmem_cache_shrink(cachep);
 	put_online_mems();
 	put_online_cpus();
 	return ret;
diff --git a/mm/slob.c b/mm/slob.c
index 5ec1580..eac04d4 100644
--- a/mm/slob.c
+++ b/mm/slob.c
@@ -634,7 +634,7 @@ void __kmem_cache_release(struct kmem_cache *c)
 {
 }
 
-int __kmem_cache_shrink(struct kmem_cache *d, bool deactivate)
+int __kmem_cache_shrink(struct kmem_cache *d)
 {
 	return 0;
 }
diff --git a/mm/slub.c b/mm/slub.c
index 8f37896..c754ea0 100644
--- a/mm/slub.c
+++ b/mm/slub.c
@@ -3886,7 +3886,7 @@ EXPORT_SYMBOL(kfree);
  * being allocated from last increasing the chance that the last objects
  * are freed in them.
  */
-int __kmem_cache_shrink(struct kmem_cache *s, bool deactivate)
+int __kmem_cache_shrink(struct kmem_cache *s)
 {
 	int node;
 	int i;
@@ -3898,21 +3898,6 @@ int __kmem_cache_shrink(struct kmem_cache *s, bool deactivate)
 	unsigned long flags;
 	int ret = 0;
 
-	if (deactivate) {
-		/*
-		 * Disable empty slabs caching. Used to avoid pinning offline
-		 * memory cgroups by kmem pages that can be freed.
-		 */
-		s->cpu_partial = 0;
-		s->min_partial = 0;
-
-		/*
-		 * s->cpu_partial is checked locklessly (see put_cpu_partial),
-		 * so we have to make sure the change is visible.
-		 */
-		synchronize_sched();
-	}
-
 	flush_all(s);
 	for_each_kmem_cache_node(s, node, n) {
 		INIT_LIST_HEAD(&discard);
@@ -3963,13 +3948,33 @@ int __kmem_cache_shrink(struct kmem_cache *s, bool deactivate)
 	return ret;
 }
 
+#ifdef CONFIG_MEMCG
+void __kmemcg_cache_deactivate(struct kmem_cache *s)
+{
+	/*
+	 * Disable empty slabs caching. Used to avoid pinning offline
+	 * memory cgroups by kmem pages that can be freed.
+	 */
+	s->cpu_partial = 0;
+	s->min_partial = 0;
+
+	/*
+	 * s->cpu_partial is checked locklessly (see put_cpu_partial), so
+	 * we have to make sure the change is visible.
+	 */
+	synchronize_sched();
+
+	__kmem_cache_shrink(s);
+}
+#endif
+
 static int slab_mem_going_offline_callback(void *arg)
 {
 	struct kmem_cache *s;
 
 	mutex_lock(&slab_mutex);
 	list_for_each_entry(s, &slab_caches, list)
-		__kmem_cache_shrink(s, false);
+		__kmem_cache_shrink(s);
 	mutex_unlock(&slab_mutex);
 
 	return 0;
-- 
2.9.3

--
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[PATCH 08/10] slab: remove synchronous synchronize_sched() from memcg cache deactivation path

[Tejun Heo]

With kmem cgroup support enabled, kmem_caches can be created and
destroyed frequently and a great number of near empty kmem_caches can
accumulate if there are a lot of transient cgroups and the system is
not under memory pressure.  When memory reclaim starts under such
conditions, it can lead to consecutive deactivation and destruction of
many kmem_caches, easily hundreds of thousands on moderately large
systems, exposing scalability issues in the current slab management
code.  This is one of the patches to address the issue.

slub uses synchronize_sched() to deactivate a memcg cache.
synchronize_sched() is an expensive and slow operation and doesn't
scale when a huge number of caches are destroyed back-to-back.  While
there used to be a simple batching mechanism, the batching was too
restricted to be helpful.

This patch implements slab_deactivate_memcg_cache_rcu_sched() which
slub can use to schedule sched RCU callback instead of performing
synchronize_sched() synchronously while holding cgroup_mutex.  While
this adds online cpus, mems and slab_mutex operations, operating on
these locks back-to-back from the same kworker, which is what's gonna
happen when there are many to deactivate, isn't expensive at all and
this gets rid of the scalability problem completely.

Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Reported-by: Jay Vana <jsvana@fb.com>
Acked-by: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov.dev@gmail.com>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
---
 include/linux/slab.h |  6 ++++++
 mm/slab.h            |  2 ++
 mm/slab_common.c     | 60 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 mm/slub.c            | 12 +++++++----
 4 files changed, 76 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-)

diff --git a/include/linux/slab.h b/include/linux/slab.h
index 41c49cc..5ca8778 100644
--- a/include/linux/slab.h
+++ b/include/linux/slab.h
@@ -582,6 +582,12 @@ struct memcg_cache_params {
 			struct mem_cgroup *memcg;
 			struct list_head children_node;
 			struct list_head kmem_caches_node;
+
+			void (*deact_fn)(struct kmem_cache *);
+			union {
+				struct rcu_head deact_rcu_head;
+				struct work_struct deact_work;
+			};
 		};
 	};
 };
diff --git a/mm/slab.h b/mm/slab.h
index be4434e..efa0d0a 100644
--- a/mm/slab.h
+++ b/mm/slab.h
@@ -301,6 +301,8 @@ static __always_inline void memcg_uncharge_slab(struct page *page, int order,
 
 extern void slab_init_memcg_params(struct kmem_cache *);
 extern void memcg_link_cache(struct kmem_cache *s);
+extern void slab_deactivate_memcg_cache_rcu_sched(struct kmem_cache *s,
+				void (*deact_fn)(struct kmem_cache *));
 
 #else /* CONFIG_MEMCG && !CONFIG_SLOB */
 
diff --git a/mm/slab_common.c b/mm/slab_common.c
index cd4c952..32610d1 100644
--- a/mm/slab_common.c
+++ b/mm/slab_common.c
@@ -624,6 +624,66 @@ void memcg_create_kmem_cache(struct mem_cgroup *memcg,
 	put_online_cpus();
 }
 
+static void kmemcg_deactivate_workfn(struct work_struct *work)
+{
+	struct kmem_cache *s = container_of(work, struct kmem_cache,
+					    memcg_params.deact_work);
+
+	get_online_cpus();
+	get_online_mems();
+
+	mutex_lock(&slab_mutex);
+
+	s->memcg_params.deact_fn(s);
+
+	mutex_unlock(&slab_mutex);
+
+	put_online_mems();
+	put_online_cpus();
+
+	/* done, put the ref from slab_deactivate_memcg_cache_rcu_sched() */
+	css_put(&s->memcg_params.memcg->css);
+}
+
+static void kmemcg_deactivate_rcufn(struct rcu_head *head)
+{
+	struct kmem_cache *s = container_of(head, struct kmem_cache,
+					    memcg_params.deact_rcu_head);
+
+	/*
+	 * We need to grab blocking locks.  Bounce to ->deact_work.  The
+	 * work item shares the space with the RCU head and can't be
+	 * initialized eariler.
+	 */
+	INIT_WORK(&s->memcg_params.deact_work, kmemcg_deactivate_workfn);
+	schedule_work(&s->memcg_params.deact_work);
+}
+
+/**
+ * slab_deactivate_memcg_cache_rcu_sched - schedule deactivation after a
+ *					   sched RCU grace period
+ * @s: target kmem_cache
+ * @deact_fn: deactivation function to call
+ *
+ * Schedule @deact_fn to be invoked with online cpus, mems and slab_mutex
+ * held after a sched RCU grace period.  The slab is guaranteed to stay
+ * alive until @deact_fn is finished.  This is to be used from
+ * __kmemcg_cache_deactivate().
+ */
+void slab_deactivate_memcg_cache_rcu_sched(struct kmem_cache *s,
+					   void (*deact_fn)(struct kmem_cache *))
+{
+	if (WARN_ON_ONCE(is_root_cache(s)) ||
+	    WARN_ON_ONCE(s->memcg_params.deact_fn))
+		return;
+
+	/* pin memcg so that @s doesn't get destroyed in the middle */
+	css_get(&s->memcg_params.memcg->css);
+
+	s->memcg_params.deact_fn = deact_fn;
+	call_rcu_sched(&s->memcg_params.deact_rcu_head, kmemcg_deactivate_rcufn);
+}
+
 void memcg_deactivate_kmem_caches(struct mem_cgroup *memcg)
 {
 	int idx;
diff --git a/mm/slub.c b/mm/slub.c
index c754ea0..184f80b 100644
--- a/mm/slub.c
+++ b/mm/slub.c
@@ -3949,6 +3949,12 @@ int __kmem_cache_shrink(struct kmem_cache *s)
 }
 
 #ifdef CONFIG_MEMCG
+static void kmemcg_cache_deact_after_rcu(struct kmem_cache *s)
+{
+	/* called with all the locks held after a sched RCU grace period */
+	__kmem_cache_shrink(s);
+}
+
 void __kmemcg_cache_deactivate(struct kmem_cache *s)
 {
 	/*
@@ -3960,11 +3966,9 @@ void __kmemcg_cache_deactivate(struct kmem_cache *s)
 
 	/*
 	 * s->cpu_partial is checked locklessly (see put_cpu_partial), so
-	 * we have to make sure the change is visible.
+	 * we have to make sure the change is visible before shrinking.
 	 */
-	synchronize_sched();
-
-	__kmem_cache_shrink(s);
+	slab_deactivate_memcg_cache_rcu_sched(s, kmemcg_cache_deact_after_rcu);
 }
 #endif
 
-- 
2.9.3

[PATCH 08/10] slab: remove synchronous synchronize_sched() from memcg cache deactivation path

[Tejun Heo]

With kmem cgroup support enabled, kmem_caches can be created and
destroyed frequently and a great number of near empty kmem_caches can
accumulate if there are a lot of transient cgroups and the system is
not under memory pressure.  When memory reclaim starts under such
conditions, it can lead to consecutive deactivation and destruction of
many kmem_caches, easily hundreds of thousands on moderately large
systems, exposing scalability issues in the current slab management
code.  This is one of the patches to address the issue.

slub uses synchronize_sched() to deactivate a memcg cache.
synchronize_sched() is an expensive and slow operation and doesn't
scale when a huge number of caches are destroyed back-to-back.  While
there used to be a simple batching mechanism, the batching was too
restricted to be helpful.

This patch implements slab_deactivate_memcg_cache_rcu_sched() which
slub can use to schedule sched RCU callback instead of performing
synchronize_sched() synchronously while holding cgroup_mutex.  While
this adds online cpus, mems and slab_mutex operations, operating on
these locks back-to-back from the same kworker, which is what's gonna
happen when there are many to deactivate, isn't expensive at all and
this gets rid of the scalability problem completely.

Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Reported-by: Jay Vana <jsvana@fb.com>
Acked-by: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov.dev@gmail.com>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
---
 include/linux/slab.h |  6 ++++++
 mm/slab.h            |  2 ++
 mm/slab_common.c     | 60 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 mm/slub.c            | 12 +++++++----
 4 files changed, 76 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-)

diff --git a/include/linux/slab.h b/include/linux/slab.h
index 41c49cc..5ca8778 100644
--- a/include/linux/slab.h
+++ b/include/linux/slab.h
@@ -582,6 +582,12 @@ struct memcg_cache_params {
 			struct mem_cgroup *memcg;
 			struct list_head children_node;
 			struct list_head kmem_caches_node;
+
+			void (*deact_fn)(struct kmem_cache *);
+			union {
+				struct rcu_head deact_rcu_head;
+				struct work_struct deact_work;
+			};
 		};
 	};
 };
diff --git a/mm/slab.h b/mm/slab.h
index be4434e..efa0d0a 100644
--- a/mm/slab.h
+++ b/mm/slab.h
@@ -301,6 +301,8 @@ static __always_inline void memcg_uncharge_slab(struct page *page, int order,
 
 extern void slab_init_memcg_params(struct kmem_cache *);
 extern void memcg_link_cache(struct kmem_cache *s);
+extern void slab_deactivate_memcg_cache_rcu_sched(struct kmem_cache *s,
+				void (*deact_fn)(struct kmem_cache *));
 
 #else /* CONFIG_MEMCG && !CONFIG_SLOB */
 
diff --git a/mm/slab_common.c b/mm/slab_common.c
index cd4c952..32610d1 100644
--- a/mm/slab_common.c
+++ b/mm/slab_common.c
@@ -624,6 +624,66 @@ void memcg_create_kmem_cache(struct mem_cgroup *memcg,
 	put_online_cpus();
 }
 
+static void kmemcg_deactivate_workfn(struct work_struct *work)
+{
+	struct kmem_cache *s = container_of(work, struct kmem_cache,
+					    memcg_params.deact_work);
+
+	get_online_cpus();
+	get_online_mems();
+
+	mutex_lock(&slab_mutex);
+
+	s->memcg_params.deact_fn(s);
+
+	mutex_unlock(&slab_mutex);
+
+	put_online_mems();
+	put_online_cpus();
+
+	/* done, put the ref from slab_deactivate_memcg_cache_rcu_sched() */
+	css_put(&s->memcg_params.memcg->css);
+}
+
+static void kmemcg_deactivate_rcufn(struct rcu_head *head)
+{
+	struct kmem_cache *s = container_of(head, struct kmem_cache,
+					    memcg_params.deact_rcu_head);
+
+	/*
+	 * We need to grab blocking locks.  Bounce to ->deact_work.  The
+	 * work item shares the space with the RCU head and can't be
+	 * initialized eariler.
+	 */
+	INIT_WORK(&s->memcg_params.deact_work, kmemcg_deactivate_workfn);
+	schedule_work(&s->memcg_params.deact_work);
+}
+
+/**
+ * slab_deactivate_memcg_cache_rcu_sched - schedule deactivation after a
+ *					   sched RCU grace period
+ * @s: target kmem_cache
+ * @deact_fn: deactivation function to call
+ *
+ * Schedule @deact_fn to be invoked with online cpus, mems and slab_mutex
+ * held after a sched RCU grace period.  The slab is guaranteed to stay
+ * alive until @deact_fn is finished.  This is to be used from
+ * __kmemcg_cache_deactivate().
+ */
+void slab_deactivate_memcg_cache_rcu_sched(struct kmem_cache *s,
+					   void (*deact_fn)(struct kmem_cache *))
+{
+	if (WARN_ON_ONCE(is_root_cache(s)) ||
+	    WARN_ON_ONCE(s->memcg_params.deact_fn))
+		return;
+
+	/* pin memcg so that @s doesn't get destroyed in the middle */
+	css_get(&s->memcg_params.memcg->css);
+
+	s->memcg_params.deact_fn = deact_fn;
+	call_rcu_sched(&s->memcg_params.deact_rcu_head, kmemcg_deactivate_rcufn);
+}
+
 void memcg_deactivate_kmem_caches(struct mem_cgroup *memcg)
 {
 	int idx;
diff --git a/mm/slub.c b/mm/slub.c
index c754ea0..184f80b 100644
--- a/mm/slub.c
+++ b/mm/slub.c
@@ -3949,6 +3949,12 @@ int __kmem_cache_shrink(struct kmem_cache *s)
 }
 
 #ifdef CONFIG_MEMCG
+static void kmemcg_cache_deact_after_rcu(struct kmem_cache *s)
+{
+	/* called with all the locks held after a sched RCU grace period */
+	__kmem_cache_shrink(s);
+}
+
 void __kmemcg_cache_deactivate(struct kmem_cache *s)
 {
 	/*
@@ -3960,11 +3966,9 @@ void __kmemcg_cache_deactivate(struct kmem_cache *s)
 
 	/*
 	 * s->cpu_partial is checked locklessly (see put_cpu_partial), so
-	 * we have to make sure the change is visible.
+	 * we have to make sure the change is visible before shrinking.
 	 */
-	synchronize_sched();
-
-	__kmem_cache_shrink(s);
+	slab_deactivate_memcg_cache_rcu_sched(s, kmemcg_cache_deact_after_rcu);
 }
 #endif
 
-- 
2.9.3

--
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[PATCH 09/10] slab: remove slub sysfs interface files early for empty memcg caches

[Tejun Heo]

With kmem cgroup support enabled, kmem_caches can be created and
destroyed frequently and a great number of near empty kmem_caches can
accumulate if there are a lot of transient cgroups and the system is
not under memory pressure.  When memory reclaim starts under such
conditions, it can lead to consecutive deactivation and destruction of
many kmem_caches, easily hundreds of thousands on moderately large
systems, exposing scalability issues in the current slab management
code.  This is one of the patches to address the issue.

Each cache has a number of sysfs interface files under
/sys/kernel/slab.  On a system with a lot of memory and transient
memcgs, the number of interface files which have to be removed once
memory reclaim kicks in can reach millions.

Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Reported-by: Jay Vana <jsvana@fb.com>
Acked-by: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov.dev@gmail.com>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
---
 mm/slub.c | 25 +++++++++++++++++++++++--
 1 file changed, 23 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/mm/slub.c b/mm/slub.c
index 184f80b..5bffa1f 100644
--- a/mm/slub.c
+++ b/mm/slub.c
@@ -3951,8 +3951,20 @@ int __kmem_cache_shrink(struct kmem_cache *s)
 #ifdef CONFIG_MEMCG
 static void kmemcg_cache_deact_after_rcu(struct kmem_cache *s)
 {
-	/* called with all the locks held after a sched RCU grace period */
-	__kmem_cache_shrink(s);
+	/*
+	 * Called with all the locks held after a sched RCU grace period.
+	 * Even if @s becomes empty after shrinking, we can't know that @s
+	 * doesn't have allocations already in-flight and thus can't
+	 * destroy @s until the associated memcg is released.
+	 *
+	 * However, let's remove the sysfs files for empty caches here.
+	 * Each cache has a lot of interface files which aren't
+	 * particularly useful for empty draining caches; otherwise, we can
+	 * easily end up with millions of unnecessary sysfs files on
+	 * systems which have a lot of memory and transient cgroups.
+	 */
+	if (!__kmem_cache_shrink(s))
+		sysfs_slab_remove(s);
 }
 
 void __kmemcg_cache_deactivate(struct kmem_cache *s)
@@ -5651,6 +5663,15 @@ static void sysfs_slab_remove(struct kmem_cache *s)
 		 */
 		return;
 
+	if (!s->kobj.state_in_sysfs)
+		/*
+		 * For a memcg cache, this may be called during
+		 * deactivation and again on shutdown.  Remove only once.
+		 * A cache is never shut down before deactivation is
+		 * complete, so no need to worry about synchronization.
+		 */
+		return;
+
 #ifdef CONFIG_MEMCG
 	kset_unregister(s->memcg_kset);
 #endif
-- 
2.9.3

[PATCH 09/10] slab: remove slub sysfs interface files early for empty memcg caches

[Tejun Heo]

With kmem cgroup support enabled, kmem_caches can be created and
destroyed frequently and a great number of near empty kmem_caches can
accumulate if there are a lot of transient cgroups and the system is
not under memory pressure.  When memory reclaim starts under such
conditions, it can lead to consecutive deactivation and destruction of
many kmem_caches, easily hundreds of thousands on moderately large
systems, exposing scalability issues in the current slab management
code.  This is one of the patches to address the issue.

Each cache has a number of sysfs interface files under
/sys/kernel/slab.  On a system with a lot of memory and transient
memcgs, the number of interface files which have to be removed once
memory reclaim kicks in can reach millions.

Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Reported-by: Jay Vana <jsvana@fb.com>
Acked-by: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov.dev@gmail.com>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
---
 mm/slub.c | 25 +++++++++++++++++++++++--
 1 file changed, 23 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/mm/slub.c b/mm/slub.c
index 184f80b..5bffa1f 100644
--- a/mm/slub.c
+++ b/mm/slub.c
@@ -3951,8 +3951,20 @@ int __kmem_cache_shrink(struct kmem_cache *s)
 #ifdef CONFIG_MEMCG
 static void kmemcg_cache_deact_after_rcu(struct kmem_cache *s)
 {
-	/* called with all the locks held after a sched RCU grace period */
-	__kmem_cache_shrink(s);
+	/*
+	 * Called with all the locks held after a sched RCU grace period.
+	 * Even if @s becomes empty after shrinking, we can't know that @s
+	 * doesn't have allocations already in-flight and thus can't
+	 * destroy @s until the associated memcg is released.
+	 *
+	 * However, let's remove the sysfs files for empty caches here.
+	 * Each cache has a lot of interface files which aren't
+	 * particularly useful for empty draining caches; otherwise, we can
+	 * easily end up with millions of unnecessary sysfs files on
+	 * systems which have a lot of memory and transient cgroups.
+	 */
+	if (!__kmem_cache_shrink(s))
+		sysfs_slab_remove(s);
 }
 
 void __kmemcg_cache_deactivate(struct kmem_cache *s)
@@ -5651,6 +5663,15 @@ static void sysfs_slab_remove(struct kmem_cache *s)
 		 */
 		return;
 
+	if (!s->kobj.state_in_sysfs)
+		/*
+		 * For a memcg cache, this may be called during
+		 * deactivation and again on shutdown.  Remove only once.
+		 * A cache is never shut down before deactivation is
+		 * complete, so no need to worry about synchronization.
+		 */
+		return;
+
 #ifdef CONFIG_MEMCG
 	kset_unregister(s->memcg_kset);
 #endif
-- 
2.9.3

--
To unsubscribe, send a message with 'unsubscribe linux-mm' in
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[PATCH 10/10] slab: use memcg_kmem_cache_wq for slab destruction operations

[Tejun Heo]

If there's contention on slab_mutex, queueing the per-cache
destruction work item on the system_wq can unnecessarily create and
tie up a lot of kworkers.

Rename memcg_kmem_cache_create_wq to memcg_kmem_cache_wq and make it
global and use that workqueue for the destruction work items too.
While at it, convert the workqueue from an unbound workqueue to a
per-cpu one with concurrency limited to 1.  It's generally preferable
to use per-cpu workqueues and concurrency limit of 1 is safe enough.

This is suggested by Joonsoo Kim.

Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Reported-by: Jay Vana <jsvana@fb.com>
Cc: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov.dev@gmail.com>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
---
 include/linux/memcontrol.h |  1 +
 mm/memcontrol.c            | 16 ++++++++--------
 mm/slab_common.c           |  2 +-
 3 files changed, 10 insertions(+), 9 deletions(-)

diff --git a/include/linux/memcontrol.h b/include/linux/memcontrol.h
index 4de925c..67f3303 100644
--- a/include/linux/memcontrol.h
+++ b/include/linux/memcontrol.h
@@ -810,6 +810,7 @@ void memcg_kmem_uncharge(struct page *page, int order);
 
 #if defined(CONFIG_MEMCG) && !defined(CONFIG_SLOB)
 extern struct static_key_false memcg_kmem_enabled_key;
+extern struct workqueue_struct *memcg_kmem_cache_wq;
 
 extern int memcg_nr_cache_ids;
 void memcg_get_cache_ids(void);
diff --git a/mm/memcontrol.c b/mm/memcontrol.c
index a2b20f7f..8757403 100644
--- a/mm/memcontrol.c
+++ b/mm/memcontrol.c
@@ -317,6 +317,8 @@ void memcg_put_cache_ids(void)
 DEFINE_STATIC_KEY_FALSE(memcg_kmem_enabled_key);
 EXPORT_SYMBOL(memcg_kmem_enabled_key);
 
+struct workqueue_struct *memcg_kmem_cache_wq;
+
 #endif /* !CONFIG_SLOB */
 
 /**
@@ -2145,8 +2147,6 @@ struct memcg_kmem_cache_create_work {
 	struct work_struct work;
 };
 
-static struct workqueue_struct *memcg_kmem_cache_create_wq;
-
 static void memcg_kmem_cache_create_func(struct work_struct *w)
 {
 	struct memcg_kmem_cache_create_work *cw =
@@ -2178,7 +2178,7 @@ static void __memcg_schedule_kmem_cache_create(struct mem_cgroup *memcg,
 	cw->cachep = cachep;
 	INIT_WORK(&cw->work, memcg_kmem_cache_create_func);
 
-	queue_work(memcg_kmem_cache_create_wq, &cw->work);
+	queue_work(memcg_kmem_cache_wq, &cw->work);
 }
 
 static void memcg_schedule_kmem_cache_create(struct mem_cgroup *memcg,
@@ -5780,12 +5780,12 @@ static int __init mem_cgroup_init(void)
 #ifndef CONFIG_SLOB
 	/*
 	 * Kmem cache creation is mostly done with the slab_mutex held,
-	 * so use a special workqueue to avoid stalling all worker
-	 * threads in case lots of cgroups are created simultaneously.
+	 * so use a workqueue with limited concurrency to avoid stalling
+	 * all worker threads in case lots of cgroups are created and
+	 * destroyed simultaneously.
 	 */
-	memcg_kmem_cache_create_wq =
-		alloc_ordered_workqueue("memcg_kmem_cache_create", 0);
-	BUG_ON(!memcg_kmem_cache_create_wq);
+	memcg_kmem_cache_wq = alloc_workqueue("memcg_kmem_cache", 0, 1);
+	BUG_ON(!memcg_kmem_cache_wq);
 #endif
 
 	cpuhp_setup_state_nocalls(CPUHP_MM_MEMCQ_DEAD, "mm/memctrl:dead", NULL,
diff --git a/mm/slab_common.c b/mm/slab_common.c
index 32610d1..5e6a98c 100644
--- a/mm/slab_common.c
+++ b/mm/slab_common.c
@@ -656,7 +656,7 @@ static void kmemcg_deactivate_rcufn(struct rcu_head *head)
 	 * initialized eariler.
 	 */
 	INIT_WORK(&s->memcg_params.deact_work, kmemcg_deactivate_workfn);
-	schedule_work(&s->memcg_params.deact_work);
+	queue_work(memcg_kmem_cache_wq, &s->memcg_params.deact_work);
 }
 
 /**
-- 
2.9.3

[PATCH 10/10] slab: use memcg_kmem_cache_wq for slab destruction operations

[Tejun Heo]

If there's contention on slab_mutex, queueing the per-cache
destruction work item on the system_wq can unnecessarily create and
tie up a lot of kworkers.

Rename memcg_kmem_cache_create_wq to memcg_kmem_cache_wq and make it
global and use that workqueue for the destruction work items too.
While at it, convert the workqueue from an unbound workqueue to a
per-cpu one with concurrency limited to 1.  It's generally preferable
to use per-cpu workqueues and concurrency limit of 1 is safe enough.

This is suggested by Joonsoo Kim.

Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Reported-by: Jay Vana <jsvana@fb.com>
Cc: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov.dev@gmail.com>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
---
 include/linux/memcontrol.h |  1 +
 mm/memcontrol.c            | 16 ++++++++--------
 mm/slab_common.c           |  2 +-
 3 files changed, 10 insertions(+), 9 deletions(-)

diff --git a/include/linux/memcontrol.h b/include/linux/memcontrol.h
index 4de925c..67f3303 100644
--- a/include/linux/memcontrol.h
+++ b/include/linux/memcontrol.h
@@ -810,6 +810,7 @@ void memcg_kmem_uncharge(struct page *page, int order);
 
 #if defined(CONFIG_MEMCG) && !defined(CONFIG_SLOB)
 extern struct static_key_false memcg_kmem_enabled_key;
+extern struct workqueue_struct *memcg_kmem_cache_wq;
 
 extern int memcg_nr_cache_ids;
 void memcg_get_cache_ids(void);
diff --git a/mm/memcontrol.c b/mm/memcontrol.c
index a2b20f7f..8757403 100644
--- a/mm/memcontrol.c
+++ b/mm/memcontrol.c
@@ -317,6 +317,8 @@ void memcg_put_cache_ids(void)
 DEFINE_STATIC_KEY_FALSE(memcg_kmem_enabled_key);
 EXPORT_SYMBOL(memcg_kmem_enabled_key);
 
+struct workqueue_struct *memcg_kmem_cache_wq;
+
 #endif /* !CONFIG_SLOB */
 
 /**
@@ -2145,8 +2147,6 @@ struct memcg_kmem_cache_create_work {
 	struct work_struct work;
 };
 
-static struct workqueue_struct *memcg_kmem_cache_create_wq;
-
 static void memcg_kmem_cache_create_func(struct work_struct *w)
 {
 	struct memcg_kmem_cache_create_work *cw =
@@ -2178,7 +2178,7 @@ static void __memcg_schedule_kmem_cache_create(struct mem_cgroup *memcg,
 	cw->cachep = cachep;
 	INIT_WORK(&cw->work, memcg_kmem_cache_create_func);
 
-	queue_work(memcg_kmem_cache_create_wq, &cw->work);
+	queue_work(memcg_kmem_cache_wq, &cw->work);
 }
 
 static void memcg_schedule_kmem_cache_create(struct mem_cgroup *memcg,
@@ -5780,12 +5780,12 @@ static int __init mem_cgroup_init(void)
 #ifndef CONFIG_SLOB
 	/*
 	 * Kmem cache creation is mostly done with the slab_mutex held,
-	 * so use a special workqueue to avoid stalling all worker
-	 * threads in case lots of cgroups are created simultaneously.
+	 * so use a workqueue with limited concurrency to avoid stalling
+	 * all worker threads in case lots of cgroups are created and
+	 * destroyed simultaneously.
 	 */
-	memcg_kmem_cache_create_wq =
-		alloc_ordered_workqueue("memcg_kmem_cache_create", 0);
-	BUG_ON(!memcg_kmem_cache_create_wq);
+	memcg_kmem_cache_wq = alloc_workqueue("memcg_kmem_cache", 0, 1);
+	BUG_ON(!memcg_kmem_cache_wq);
 #endif
 
 	cpuhp_setup_state_nocalls(CPUHP_MM_MEMCQ_DEAD, "mm/memctrl:dead", NULL,
diff --git a/mm/slab_common.c b/mm/slab_common.c
index 32610d1..5e6a98c 100644
--- a/mm/slab_common.c
+++ b/mm/slab_common.c
@@ -656,7 +656,7 @@ static void kmemcg_deactivate_rcufn(struct rcu_head *head)
 	 * initialized eariler.
 	 */
 	INIT_WORK(&s->memcg_params.deact_work, kmemcg_deactivate_workfn);
-	schedule_work(&s->memcg_params.deact_work);
+	queue_work(memcg_kmem_cache_wq, &s->memcg_params.deact_work);
 }
 
 /**
-- 
2.9.3

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Re: [PATCH 10/10] slab: use memcg_kmem_cache_wq for slab destruction operations

[Vladimir Davydov]

On Tue, Jan 17, 2017 at 03:54:11PM -0800, Tejun Heo wrote:
> If there's contention on slab_mutex, queueing the per-cache
> destruction work item on the system_wq can unnecessarily create and
> tie up a lot of kworkers.
> 
> Rename memcg_kmem_cache_create_wq to memcg_kmem_cache_wq and make it
> global and use that workqueue for the destruction work items too.
> While at it, convert the workqueue from an unbound workqueue to a
> per-cpu one with concurrency limited to 1.  It's generally preferable
> to use per-cpu workqueues and concurrency limit of 1 is safe enough.
> 
> This is suggested by Joonsoo Kim.
> 
> Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
> Reported-by: Jay Vana <jsvana@fb.com>
> Cc: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov.dev@gmail.com>
> Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
> Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
> Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
> Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
> Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>

Acked-by: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov.dev@gmail.com>

Re: [PATCH 10/10] slab: use memcg_kmem_cache_wq for slab destruction operations

[Vladimir Davydov]

On Tue, Jan 17, 2017 at 03:54:11PM -0800, Tejun Heo wrote:
> If there's contention on slab_mutex, queueing the per-cache
> destruction work item on the system_wq can unnecessarily create and
> tie up a lot of kworkers.
> 
> Rename memcg_kmem_cache_create_wq to memcg_kmem_cache_wq and make it
> global and use that workqueue for the destruction work items too.
> While at it, convert the workqueue from an unbound workqueue to a
> per-cpu one with concurrency limited to 1.  It's generally preferable
> to use per-cpu workqueues and concurrency limit of 1 is safe enough.
> 
> This is suggested by Joonsoo Kim.
> 
> Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
> Reported-by: Jay Vana <jsvana@fb.com>
> Cc: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov.dev@gmail.com>
> Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
> Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
> Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
> Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
> Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>

Acked-by: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov.dev@gmail.com>

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Re: [PATCHSET v3] slab: make memcg slab destruction scalable

[Tejun Heo]

Hello,

On Tue, Jan 17, 2017 at 03:54:01PM -0800, Tejun Heo wrote:
> Changes from [V2] to V3.
> 
> * 0002-slub-separate-out-sysfs_slab_release-from-sysfs_slab.patch
>   separated out from
>   0002-slab-remove-synchronous-rcu_barrier-call-in-memcg-ca.patch.
> 
> * 0002-slab-remove-synchronous-rcu_barrier-call-in-memcg-ca.patch
>   replaced with
>   0003-slab-remove-synchronous-rcu_barrier-call-in-memcg-ca.patch.
>   It now keeps rcu_barrier() in the kmem_cache destruction path.
> 
> * 0010-slab-memcg-wq.patch added to limit concurrency on destruction
>   work items.

Are there more concerns on this patchset?  If not, Andrew, can you
please route these patches?  On certain setups, this can cause serious
performance and scalability issues.

Thanks.

-- 
tejun

Re: [PATCHSET v3] slab: make memcg slab destruction scalable

[Tejun Heo]

Hello,

On Tue, Jan 17, 2017 at 03:54:01PM -0800, Tejun Heo wrote:
> Changes from [V2] to V3.
> 
> * 0002-slub-separate-out-sysfs_slab_release-from-sysfs_slab.patch
>   separated out from
>   0002-slab-remove-synchronous-rcu_barrier-call-in-memcg-ca.patch.
> 
> * 0002-slab-remove-synchronous-rcu_barrier-call-in-memcg-ca.patch
>   replaced with
>   0003-slab-remove-synchronous-rcu_barrier-call-in-memcg-ca.patch.
>   It now keeps rcu_barrier() in the kmem_cache destruction path.
> 
> * 0010-slab-memcg-wq.patch added to limit concurrency on destruction
>   work items.

Are there more concerns on this patchset?  If not, Andrew, can you
please route these patches?  On certain setups, this can cause serious
performance and scalability issues.

Thanks.

-- 
tejun

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