From: "Dr. David Alan Gilbert (git)" <dgilbert@redhat.com>
To: qemu-devel@nongnu.org, pbonzini@redhat.com, berrange@redhat.com
Subject: [PATCH v4 5/5] rcu: Use automatic rc_read unlock in core memory/exec code
Date: Mon, 7 Oct 2019 15:36:41 +0100 [thread overview]
Message-ID: <20191007143642.301445-6-dgilbert@redhat.com> (raw)
In-Reply-To: <20191007143642.301445-1-dgilbert@redhat.com>
From: "Dr. David Alan Gilbert" <dgilbert@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Dr. David Alan Gilbert <dgilbert@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Daniel P. Berrangé <berrange@redhat.com>
---
exec.c | 116 ++++++++++++++-------------------
include/exec/ram_addr.h | 138 +++++++++++++++++++---------------------
memory.c | 15 ++---
3 files changed, 118 insertions(+), 151 deletions(-)
diff --git a/exec.c b/exec.c
index bdcfcdff3f..fb0943cfed 100644
--- a/exec.c
+++ b/exec.c
@@ -1037,16 +1037,14 @@ void tb_invalidate_phys_addr(AddressSpace *as, hwaddr addr, MemTxAttrs attrs)
return;
}
- rcu_read_lock();
+ RCU_READ_LOCK_GUARD();
mr = address_space_translate(as, addr, &addr, &l, false, attrs);
if (!(memory_region_is_ram(mr)
|| memory_region_is_romd(mr))) {
- rcu_read_unlock();
return;
}
ram_addr = memory_region_get_ram_addr(mr) + addr;
tb_invalidate_phys_page_range(ram_addr, ram_addr + 1);
- rcu_read_unlock();
}
static void breakpoint_invalidate(CPUState *cpu, target_ulong pc)
@@ -1332,14 +1330,13 @@ static void tlb_reset_dirty_range_all(ram_addr_t start, ram_addr_t length)
end = TARGET_PAGE_ALIGN(start + length);
start &= TARGET_PAGE_MASK;
- rcu_read_lock();
+ RCU_READ_LOCK_GUARD();
block = qemu_get_ram_block(start);
assert(block == qemu_get_ram_block(end - 1));
start1 = (uintptr_t)ramblock_ptr(block, start - block->offset);
CPU_FOREACH(cpu) {
tlb_reset_dirty(cpu, start1, length);
}
- rcu_read_unlock();
}
/* Note: start and end must be within the same ram block. */
@@ -1360,30 +1357,29 @@ bool cpu_physical_memory_test_and_clear_dirty(ram_addr_t start,
end = TARGET_PAGE_ALIGN(start + length) >> TARGET_PAGE_BITS;
page = start >> TARGET_PAGE_BITS;
- rcu_read_lock();
+ WITH_RCU_READ_LOCK_GUARD() {
+ blocks = atomic_rcu_read(&ram_list.dirty_memory[client]);
+ ramblock = qemu_get_ram_block(start);
+ /* Range sanity check on the ramblock */
+ assert(start >= ramblock->offset &&
+ start + length <= ramblock->offset + ramblock->used_length);
- blocks = atomic_rcu_read(&ram_list.dirty_memory[client]);
- ramblock = qemu_get_ram_block(start);
- /* Range sanity check on the ramblock */
- assert(start >= ramblock->offset &&
- start + length <= ramblock->offset + ramblock->used_length);
+ while (page < end) {
+ unsigned long idx = page / DIRTY_MEMORY_BLOCK_SIZE;
+ unsigned long offset = page % DIRTY_MEMORY_BLOCK_SIZE;
+ unsigned long num = MIN(end - page,
+ DIRTY_MEMORY_BLOCK_SIZE - offset);
- while (page < end) {
- unsigned long idx = page / DIRTY_MEMORY_BLOCK_SIZE;
- unsigned long offset = page % DIRTY_MEMORY_BLOCK_SIZE;
- unsigned long num = MIN(end - page, DIRTY_MEMORY_BLOCK_SIZE - offset);
+ dirty |= bitmap_test_and_clear_atomic(blocks->blocks[idx],
+ offset, num);
+ page += num;
+ }
- dirty |= bitmap_test_and_clear_atomic(blocks->blocks[idx],
- offset, num);
- page += num;
+ mr_offset = (ram_addr_t)(page << TARGET_PAGE_BITS) - ramblock->offset;
+ mr_size = (end - page) << TARGET_PAGE_BITS;
+ memory_region_clear_dirty_bitmap(ramblock->mr, mr_offset, mr_size);
}
- mr_offset = (ram_addr_t)(page << TARGET_PAGE_BITS) - ramblock->offset;
- mr_size = (end - page) << TARGET_PAGE_BITS;
- memory_region_clear_dirty_bitmap(ramblock->mr, mr_offset, mr_size);
-
- rcu_read_unlock();
-
if (dirty && tcg_enabled()) {
tlb_reset_dirty_range_all(start, length);
}
@@ -1411,28 +1407,27 @@ DirtyBitmapSnapshot *cpu_physical_memory_snapshot_and_clear_dirty
end = last >> TARGET_PAGE_BITS;
dest = 0;
- rcu_read_lock();
+ WITH_RCU_READ_LOCK_GUARD() {
+ blocks = atomic_rcu_read(&ram_list.dirty_memory[client]);
- blocks = atomic_rcu_read(&ram_list.dirty_memory[client]);
+ while (page < end) {
+ unsigned long idx = page / DIRTY_MEMORY_BLOCK_SIZE;
+ unsigned long offset = page % DIRTY_MEMORY_BLOCK_SIZE;
+ unsigned long num = MIN(end - page,
+ DIRTY_MEMORY_BLOCK_SIZE - offset);
- while (page < end) {
- unsigned long idx = page / DIRTY_MEMORY_BLOCK_SIZE;
- unsigned long offset = page % DIRTY_MEMORY_BLOCK_SIZE;
- unsigned long num = MIN(end - page, DIRTY_MEMORY_BLOCK_SIZE - offset);
-
- assert(QEMU_IS_ALIGNED(offset, (1 << BITS_PER_LEVEL)));
- assert(QEMU_IS_ALIGNED(num, (1 << BITS_PER_LEVEL)));
- offset >>= BITS_PER_LEVEL;
+ assert(QEMU_IS_ALIGNED(offset, (1 << BITS_PER_LEVEL)));
+ assert(QEMU_IS_ALIGNED(num, (1 << BITS_PER_LEVEL)));
+ offset >>= BITS_PER_LEVEL;
- bitmap_copy_and_clear_atomic(snap->dirty + dest,
- blocks->blocks[idx] + offset,
- num);
- page += num;
- dest += num >> BITS_PER_LEVEL;
+ bitmap_copy_and_clear_atomic(snap->dirty + dest,
+ blocks->blocks[idx] + offset,
+ num);
+ page += num;
+ dest += num >> BITS_PER_LEVEL;
+ }
}
- rcu_read_unlock();
-
if (tcg_enabled()) {
tlb_reset_dirty_range_all(start, length);
}
@@ -1643,7 +1638,7 @@ void ram_block_dump(Monitor *mon)
RAMBlock *block;
char *psize;
- rcu_read_lock();
+ RCU_READ_LOCK_GUARD();
monitor_printf(mon, "%24s %8s %18s %18s %18s\n",
"Block Name", "PSize", "Offset", "Used", "Total");
RAMBLOCK_FOREACH(block) {
@@ -1655,7 +1650,6 @@ void ram_block_dump(Monitor *mon)
(uint64_t)block->max_length);
g_free(psize);
}
- rcu_read_unlock();
}
#ifdef __linux__
@@ -2009,11 +2003,10 @@ static unsigned long last_ram_page(void)
RAMBlock *block;
ram_addr_t last = 0;
- rcu_read_lock();
+ RCU_READ_LOCK_GUARD();
RAMBLOCK_FOREACH(block) {
last = MAX(last, block->offset + block->max_length);
}
- rcu_read_unlock();
return last >> TARGET_PAGE_BITS;
}
@@ -2100,7 +2093,7 @@ void qemu_ram_set_idstr(RAMBlock *new_block, const char *name, DeviceState *dev)
}
pstrcat(new_block->idstr, sizeof(new_block->idstr), name);
- rcu_read_lock();
+ RCU_READ_LOCK_GUARD();
RAMBLOCK_FOREACH(block) {
if (block != new_block &&
!strcmp(block->idstr, new_block->idstr)) {
@@ -2109,7 +2102,6 @@ void qemu_ram_set_idstr(RAMBlock *new_block, const char *name, DeviceState *dev)
abort();
}
}
- rcu_read_unlock();
}
/* Called with iothread lock held. */
@@ -2651,17 +2643,16 @@ RAMBlock *qemu_ram_block_from_host(void *ptr, bool round_offset,
if (xen_enabled()) {
ram_addr_t ram_addr;
- rcu_read_lock();
+ RCU_READ_LOCK_GUARD();
ram_addr = xen_ram_addr_from_mapcache(ptr);
block = qemu_get_ram_block(ram_addr);
if (block) {
*offset = ram_addr - block->offset;
}
- rcu_read_unlock();
return block;
}
- rcu_read_lock();
+ RCU_READ_LOCK_GUARD();
block = atomic_rcu_read(&ram_list.mru_block);
if (block && block->host && host - block->host < block->max_length) {
goto found;
@@ -2677,7 +2668,6 @@ RAMBlock *qemu_ram_block_from_host(void *ptr, bool round_offset,
}
}
- rcu_read_unlock();
return NULL;
found:
@@ -2685,7 +2675,6 @@ found:
if (round_offset) {
*offset &= TARGET_PAGE_MASK;
}
- rcu_read_unlock();
return block;
}
@@ -3281,10 +3270,9 @@ MemTxResult address_space_read_full(AddressSpace *as, hwaddr addr,
FlatView *fv;
if (len > 0) {
- rcu_read_lock();
+ RCU_READ_LOCK_GUARD();
fv = address_space_to_flatview(as);
result = flatview_read(fv, addr, attrs, buf, len);
- rcu_read_unlock();
}
return result;
@@ -3298,10 +3286,9 @@ MemTxResult address_space_write(AddressSpace *as, hwaddr addr,
FlatView *fv;
if (len > 0) {
- rcu_read_lock();
+ RCU_READ_LOCK_GUARD();
fv = address_space_to_flatview(as);
result = flatview_write(fv, addr, attrs, buf, len);
- rcu_read_unlock();
}
return result;
@@ -3341,7 +3328,7 @@ static inline MemTxResult address_space_write_rom_internal(AddressSpace *as,
hwaddr addr1;
MemoryRegion *mr;
- rcu_read_lock();
+ RCU_READ_LOCK_GUARD();
while (len > 0) {
l = len;
mr = address_space_translate(as, addr, &addr1, &l, true, attrs);
@@ -3366,7 +3353,6 @@ static inline MemTxResult address_space_write_rom_internal(AddressSpace *as,
buf += l;
addr += l;
}
- rcu_read_unlock();
return MEMTX_OK;
}
@@ -3511,10 +3497,9 @@ bool address_space_access_valid(AddressSpace *as, hwaddr addr,
FlatView *fv;
bool result;
- rcu_read_lock();
+ RCU_READ_LOCK_GUARD();
fv = address_space_to_flatview(as);
result = flatview_access_valid(fv, addr, len, is_write, attrs);
- rcu_read_unlock();
return result;
}
@@ -3569,13 +3554,12 @@ void *address_space_map(AddressSpace *as,
}
l = len;
- rcu_read_lock();
+ RCU_READ_LOCK_GUARD();
fv = address_space_to_flatview(as);
mr = flatview_translate(fv, addr, &xlat, &l, is_write, attrs);
if (!memory_access_is_direct(mr, is_write)) {
if (atomic_xchg(&bounce.in_use, true)) {
- rcu_read_unlock();
return NULL;
}
/* Avoid unbounded allocations */
@@ -3591,7 +3575,6 @@ void *address_space_map(AddressSpace *as,
bounce.buffer, l);
}
- rcu_read_unlock();
*plen = l;
return bounce.buffer;
}
@@ -3601,7 +3584,6 @@ void *address_space_map(AddressSpace *as,
*plen = flatview_extend_translation(fv, addr, len, mr, xlat,
l, is_write, attrs);
ptr = qemu_ram_ptr_length(mr->ram_block, xlat, plen, true);
- rcu_read_unlock();
return ptr;
}
@@ -3869,13 +3851,12 @@ bool cpu_physical_memory_is_io(hwaddr phys_addr)
hwaddr l = 1;
bool res;
- rcu_read_lock();
+ RCU_READ_LOCK_GUARD();
mr = address_space_translate(&address_space_memory,
phys_addr, &phys_addr, &l, false,
MEMTXATTRS_UNSPECIFIED);
res = !(memory_region_is_ram(mr) || memory_region_is_romd(mr));
- rcu_read_unlock();
return res;
}
@@ -3884,14 +3865,13 @@ int qemu_ram_foreach_block(RAMBlockIterFunc func, void *opaque)
RAMBlock *block;
int ret = 0;
- rcu_read_lock();
+ RCU_READ_LOCK_GUARD();
RAMBLOCK_FOREACH(block) {
ret = func(block, opaque);
if (ret) {
break;
}
}
- rcu_read_unlock();
return ret;
}
diff --git a/include/exec/ram_addr.h b/include/exec/ram_addr.h
index e96e621de5..ad158bb247 100644
--- a/include/exec/ram_addr.h
+++ b/include/exec/ram_addr.h
@@ -193,30 +193,29 @@ static inline bool cpu_physical_memory_get_dirty(ram_addr_t start,
end = TARGET_PAGE_ALIGN(start + length) >> TARGET_PAGE_BITS;
page = start >> TARGET_PAGE_BITS;
- rcu_read_lock();
-
- blocks = atomic_rcu_read(&ram_list.dirty_memory[client]);
+ WITH_RCU_READ_LOCK_GUARD() {
+ blocks = atomic_rcu_read(&ram_list.dirty_memory[client]);
+
+ idx = page / DIRTY_MEMORY_BLOCK_SIZE;
+ offset = page % DIRTY_MEMORY_BLOCK_SIZE;
+ base = page - offset;
+ while (page < end) {
+ unsigned long next = MIN(end, base + DIRTY_MEMORY_BLOCK_SIZE);
+ unsigned long num = next - base;
+ unsigned long found = find_next_bit(blocks->blocks[idx],
+ num, offset);
+ if (found < num) {
+ dirty = true;
+ break;
+ }
- idx = page / DIRTY_MEMORY_BLOCK_SIZE;
- offset = page % DIRTY_MEMORY_BLOCK_SIZE;
- base = page - offset;
- while (page < end) {
- unsigned long next = MIN(end, base + DIRTY_MEMORY_BLOCK_SIZE);
- unsigned long num = next - base;
- unsigned long found = find_next_bit(blocks->blocks[idx], num, offset);
- if (found < num) {
- dirty = true;
- break;
+ page = next;
+ idx++;
+ offset = 0;
+ base += DIRTY_MEMORY_BLOCK_SIZE;
}
-
- page = next;
- idx++;
- offset = 0;
- base += DIRTY_MEMORY_BLOCK_SIZE;
}
- rcu_read_unlock();
-
return dirty;
}
@@ -234,7 +233,7 @@ static inline bool cpu_physical_memory_all_dirty(ram_addr_t start,
end = TARGET_PAGE_ALIGN(start + length) >> TARGET_PAGE_BITS;
page = start >> TARGET_PAGE_BITS;
- rcu_read_lock();
+ RCU_READ_LOCK_GUARD();
blocks = atomic_rcu_read(&ram_list.dirty_memory[client]);
@@ -256,8 +255,6 @@ static inline bool cpu_physical_memory_all_dirty(ram_addr_t start,
base += DIRTY_MEMORY_BLOCK_SIZE;
}
- rcu_read_unlock();
-
return dirty;
}
@@ -309,13 +306,11 @@ static inline void cpu_physical_memory_set_dirty_flag(ram_addr_t addr,
idx = page / DIRTY_MEMORY_BLOCK_SIZE;
offset = page % DIRTY_MEMORY_BLOCK_SIZE;
- rcu_read_lock();
+ RCU_READ_LOCK_GUARD();
blocks = atomic_rcu_read(&ram_list.dirty_memory[client]);
set_bit_atomic(offset, blocks->blocks[idx]);
-
- rcu_read_unlock();
}
static inline void cpu_physical_memory_set_dirty_range(ram_addr_t start,
@@ -334,39 +329,37 @@ static inline void cpu_physical_memory_set_dirty_range(ram_addr_t start,
end = TARGET_PAGE_ALIGN(start + length) >> TARGET_PAGE_BITS;
page = start >> TARGET_PAGE_BITS;
- rcu_read_lock();
+ WITH_RCU_READ_LOCK_GUARD() {
+ for (i = 0; i < DIRTY_MEMORY_NUM; i++) {
+ blocks[i] = atomic_rcu_read(&ram_list.dirty_memory[i]);
+ }
- for (i = 0; i < DIRTY_MEMORY_NUM; i++) {
- blocks[i] = atomic_rcu_read(&ram_list.dirty_memory[i]);
- }
+ idx = page / DIRTY_MEMORY_BLOCK_SIZE;
+ offset = page % DIRTY_MEMORY_BLOCK_SIZE;
+ base = page - offset;
+ while (page < end) {
+ unsigned long next = MIN(end, base + DIRTY_MEMORY_BLOCK_SIZE);
- idx = page / DIRTY_MEMORY_BLOCK_SIZE;
- offset = page % DIRTY_MEMORY_BLOCK_SIZE;
- base = page - offset;
- while (page < end) {
- unsigned long next = MIN(end, base + DIRTY_MEMORY_BLOCK_SIZE);
+ if (likely(mask & (1 << DIRTY_MEMORY_MIGRATION))) {
+ bitmap_set_atomic(blocks[DIRTY_MEMORY_MIGRATION]->blocks[idx],
+ offset, next - page);
+ }
+ if (unlikely(mask & (1 << DIRTY_MEMORY_VGA))) {
+ bitmap_set_atomic(blocks[DIRTY_MEMORY_VGA]->blocks[idx],
+ offset, next - page);
+ }
+ if (unlikely(mask & (1 << DIRTY_MEMORY_CODE))) {
+ bitmap_set_atomic(blocks[DIRTY_MEMORY_CODE]->blocks[idx],
+ offset, next - page);
+ }
- if (likely(mask & (1 << DIRTY_MEMORY_MIGRATION))) {
- bitmap_set_atomic(blocks[DIRTY_MEMORY_MIGRATION]->blocks[idx],
- offset, next - page);
+ page = next;
+ idx++;
+ offset = 0;
+ base += DIRTY_MEMORY_BLOCK_SIZE;
}
- if (unlikely(mask & (1 << DIRTY_MEMORY_VGA))) {
- bitmap_set_atomic(blocks[DIRTY_MEMORY_VGA]->blocks[idx],
- offset, next - page);
- }
- if (unlikely(mask & (1 << DIRTY_MEMORY_CODE))) {
- bitmap_set_atomic(blocks[DIRTY_MEMORY_CODE]->blocks[idx],
- offset, next - page);
- }
-
- page = next;
- idx++;
- offset = 0;
- base += DIRTY_MEMORY_BLOCK_SIZE;
}
- rcu_read_unlock();
-
xen_hvm_modified_memory(start, length);
}
@@ -396,36 +389,35 @@ static inline void cpu_physical_memory_set_dirty_lebitmap(unsigned long *bitmap,
offset = BIT_WORD((start >> TARGET_PAGE_BITS) %
DIRTY_MEMORY_BLOCK_SIZE);
- rcu_read_lock();
+ WITH_RCU_READ_LOCK_GUARD() {
+ for (i = 0; i < DIRTY_MEMORY_NUM; i++) {
+ blocks[i] = atomic_rcu_read(&ram_list.dirty_memory[i])->blocks;
+ }
- for (i = 0; i < DIRTY_MEMORY_NUM; i++) {
- blocks[i] = atomic_rcu_read(&ram_list.dirty_memory[i])->blocks;
- }
+ for (k = 0; k < nr; k++) {
+ if (bitmap[k]) {
+ unsigned long temp = leul_to_cpu(bitmap[k]);
- for (k = 0; k < nr; k++) {
- if (bitmap[k]) {
- unsigned long temp = leul_to_cpu(bitmap[k]);
+ atomic_or(&blocks[DIRTY_MEMORY_VGA][idx][offset], temp);
- atomic_or(&blocks[DIRTY_MEMORY_VGA][idx][offset], temp);
+ if (global_dirty_log) {
+ atomic_or(&blocks[DIRTY_MEMORY_MIGRATION][idx][offset],
+ temp);
+ }
- if (global_dirty_log) {
- atomic_or(&blocks[DIRTY_MEMORY_MIGRATION][idx][offset],
- temp);
+ if (tcg_enabled()) {
+ atomic_or(&blocks[DIRTY_MEMORY_CODE][idx][offset],
+ temp);
+ }
}
- if (tcg_enabled()) {
- atomic_or(&blocks[DIRTY_MEMORY_CODE][idx][offset], temp);
+ if (++offset >= BITS_TO_LONGS(DIRTY_MEMORY_BLOCK_SIZE)) {
+ offset = 0;
+ idx++;
}
}
-
- if (++offset >= BITS_TO_LONGS(DIRTY_MEMORY_BLOCK_SIZE)) {
- offset = 0;
- idx++;
- }
}
- rcu_read_unlock();
-
xen_hvm_modified_memory(start, pages << TARGET_PAGE_BITS);
} else {
uint8_t clients = tcg_enabled() ? DIRTY_CLIENTS_ALL : DIRTY_CLIENTS_NOCODE;
diff --git a/memory.c b/memory.c
index 978da3d3df..c952eabb5d 100644
--- a/memory.c
+++ b/memory.c
@@ -779,14 +779,13 @@ FlatView *address_space_get_flatview(AddressSpace *as)
{
FlatView *view;
- rcu_read_lock();
+ RCU_READ_LOCK_GUARD();
do {
view = address_space_to_flatview(as);
/* If somebody has replaced as->current_map concurrently,
* flatview_ref returns false.
*/
} while (!flatview_ref(view));
- rcu_read_unlock();
return view;
}
@@ -2166,12 +2165,11 @@ int memory_region_get_fd(MemoryRegion *mr)
{
int fd;
- rcu_read_lock();
+ RCU_READ_LOCK_GUARD();
while (mr->alias) {
mr = mr->alias;
}
fd = mr->ram_block->fd;
- rcu_read_unlock();
return fd;
}
@@ -2181,14 +2179,13 @@ void *memory_region_get_ram_ptr(MemoryRegion *mr)
void *ptr;
uint64_t offset = 0;
- rcu_read_lock();
+ RCU_READ_LOCK_GUARD();
while (mr->alias) {
offset += mr->alias_offset;
mr = mr->alias;
}
assert(mr->ram_block);
ptr = qemu_map_ram_ptr(mr->ram_block, offset);
- rcu_read_unlock();
return ptr;
}
@@ -2578,12 +2575,11 @@ MemoryRegionSection memory_region_find(MemoryRegion *mr,
hwaddr addr, uint64_t size)
{
MemoryRegionSection ret;
- rcu_read_lock();
+ RCU_READ_LOCK_GUARD();
ret = memory_region_find_rcu(mr, addr, size);
if (ret.mr) {
memory_region_ref(ret.mr);
}
- rcu_read_unlock();
return ret;
}
@@ -2591,9 +2587,8 @@ bool memory_region_present(MemoryRegion *container, hwaddr addr)
{
MemoryRegion *mr;
- rcu_read_lock();
+ RCU_READ_LOCK_GUARD();
mr = memory_region_find_rcu(container, addr, 1).mr;
- rcu_read_unlock();
return mr && mr != container;
}
--
2.23.0
next prev parent reply other threads:[~2019-10-07 14:41 UTC|newest]
Thread overview: 7+ messages / expand[flat|nested] mbox.gz Atom feed top
2019-10-07 14:36 [PATCH v4 0/5] Automatic RCU read unlock Dr. David Alan Gilbert (git)
2019-10-07 14:36 ` [PATCH v4 1/5] rcu: Add automatically released rcu_read_lock variants Dr. David Alan Gilbert (git)
2019-10-07 14:36 ` [PATCH v4 2/5] migration: Fix missing rcu_read_unlock Dr. David Alan Gilbert (git)
2019-10-07 14:36 ` [PATCH v4 3/5] migration: Use automatic rcu_read unlock in ram.c Dr. David Alan Gilbert (git)
2019-10-07 14:36 ` [PATCH v4 4/5] migration: Use automatic rcu_read unlock in rdma.c Dr. David Alan Gilbert (git)
2019-10-07 14:36 ` Dr. David Alan Gilbert (git) [this message]
2019-10-11 13:20 ` [PATCH v4 0/5] Automatic RCU read unlock Dr. David Alan Gilbert
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