All of lore.kernel.org
 help / color / mirror / Atom feed
From: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
To: linux-xfs@vger.kernel.org, linux-fsdevel@vger.kernel.org,
	Waiman Long <longman@redhat.com>,
	Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>,
	Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>,
	Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>, Will Deacon <will@kernel.org>,
	Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>,
	linux-ext4@vger.kernel.org, cluster-devel@redhat.com
Cc: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org, linux-mm@kvack.org
Subject: [PATCH 08/12] ext4: hold i_rwsem until AIO completes
Date: Tue, 14 Jan 2020 17:12:21 +0100	[thread overview]
Message-ID: <20200114161225.309792-9-hch@lst.de> (raw)
In-Reply-To: <20200114161225.309792-1-hch@lst.de>

Switch ext4 from the magic i_dio_count scheme to just hold i_rwsem
until the actual I/O has completed to reduce the locking complexity
and avoid nasty bugs due to missing inode_dio_wait calls.

Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
---
 fs/ext4/extents.c     | 12 ------------
 fs/ext4/file.c        | 21 +++++++++++++--------
 fs/ext4/inode.c       | 11 -----------
 fs/ext4/ioctl.c       |  5 -----
 fs/ext4/move_extent.c |  4 ----
 5 files changed, 13 insertions(+), 40 deletions(-)

diff --git a/fs/ext4/extents.c b/fs/ext4/extents.c
index 0e8708b77da6..b6aa2d249b30 100644
--- a/fs/ext4/extents.c
+++ b/fs/ext4/extents.c
@@ -4777,9 +4777,6 @@ static long ext4_zero_range(struct file *file, loff_t offset,
 	if (mode & FALLOC_FL_KEEP_SIZE)
 		flags |= EXT4_GET_BLOCKS_KEEP_SIZE;
 
-	/* Wait all existing dio workers, newcomers will block on i_mutex */
-	inode_dio_wait(inode);
-
 	/* Preallocate the range including the unaligned edges */
 	if (partial_begin || partial_end) {
 		ret = ext4_alloc_file_blocks(file,
@@ -4949,9 +4946,6 @@ long ext4_fallocate(struct file *file, int mode, loff_t offset, loff_t len)
 			goto out;
 	}
 
-	/* Wait all existing dio workers, newcomers will block on i_mutex */
-	inode_dio_wait(inode);
-
 	ret = ext4_alloc_file_blocks(file, lblk, max_blocks, new_size, flags);
 	if (ret)
 		goto out;
@@ -5525,9 +5519,6 @@ int ext4_collapse_range(struct inode *inode, loff_t offset, loff_t len)
 		goto out_mutex;
 	}
 
-	/* Wait for existing dio to complete */
-	inode_dio_wait(inode);
-
 	/*
 	 * Prevent page faults from reinstantiating pages we have released from
 	 * page cache.
@@ -5678,9 +5669,6 @@ int ext4_insert_range(struct inode *inode, loff_t offset, loff_t len)
 		goto out_mutex;
 	}
 
-	/* Wait for existing dio to complete */
-	inode_dio_wait(inode);
-
 	/*
 	 * Prevent page faults from reinstantiating pages we have released from
 	 * page cache.
diff --git a/fs/ext4/file.c b/fs/ext4/file.c
index 08b603d0c638..b3410a3ede27 100644
--- a/fs/ext4/file.c
+++ b/fs/ext4/file.c
@@ -74,9 +74,10 @@ static ssize_t ext4_dio_read_iter(struct kiocb *iocb, struct iov_iter *to)
 		return generic_file_read_iter(iocb, to);
 	}
 
-	ret = iomap_dio_rw(iocb, to, &ext4_iomap_ops, NULL, 0);
-	inode_unlock_shared(inode);
-
+	ret = iomap_dio_rw(iocb, to, &ext4_iomap_ops, NULL,
+			   IOMAP_DIO_RWSEM_SHARED);
+	if (ret != -EIOCBQUEUED)
+		inode_unlock_shared(inode);
 	file_accessed(iocb->ki_filp);
 	return ret;
 }
@@ -405,7 +406,6 @@ static ssize_t ext4_dio_write_iter(struct kiocb *iocb, struct iov_iter *from)
 	    !is_sync_kiocb(iocb) && ext4_unaligned_aio(inode, from, offset)) {
 		unaligned_aio = true;
 		dio_flags |= IOMAP_DIO_SYNCHRONOUS;
-		inode_dio_wait(inode);
 	}
 
 	/*
@@ -416,7 +416,10 @@ static ssize_t ext4_dio_write_iter(struct kiocb *iocb, struct iov_iter *from)
 	if (!unaligned_aio && ext4_overwrite_io(inode, offset, count) &&
 	    ext4_should_dioread_nolock(inode)) {
 		overwrite = true;
+		dio_flags |= IOMAP_DIO_RWSEM_SHARED;
 		downgrade_write(&inode->i_rwsem);
+	} else {
+		dio_flags |= IOMAP_DIO_RWSEM_EXCL;
 	}
 
 	if (offset + count > EXT4_I(inode)->i_disksize) {
@@ -444,10 +447,12 @@ static ssize_t ext4_dio_write_iter(struct kiocb *iocb, struct iov_iter *from)
 		ret = ext4_handle_inode_extension(inode, offset, ret, count);
 
 out:
-	if (overwrite)
-		inode_unlock_shared(inode);
-	else
-		inode_unlock(inode);
+	if (ret != -EIOCBQUEUED) {
+		if (overwrite)
+			inode_unlock_shared(inode);
+		else
+			inode_unlock(inode);
+	}
 
 	if (ret >= 0 && iov_iter_count(from)) {
 		ssize_t err;
diff --git a/fs/ext4/inode.c b/fs/ext4/inode.c
index 629a25d999f0..e2dac0727ab0 100644
--- a/fs/ext4/inode.c
+++ b/fs/ext4/inode.c
@@ -3965,9 +3965,6 @@ int ext4_punch_hole(struct inode *inode, loff_t offset, loff_t length)
 
 	}
 
-	/* Wait all existing dio workers, newcomers will block on i_mutex */
-	inode_dio_wait(inode);
-
 	/*
 	 * Prevent page faults from reinstantiating pages we have released from
 	 * page cache.
@@ -5263,11 +5260,6 @@ int ext4_setattr(struct dentry *dentry, struct iattr *attr)
 				if (error)
 					goto err_out;
 			}
-			/*
-			 * Blocks are going to be removed from the inode. Wait
-			 * for dio in flight.
-			 */
-			inode_dio_wait(inode);
 		}
 
 		down_write(&EXT4_I(inode)->i_mmap_sem);
@@ -5798,9 +5790,6 @@ int ext4_change_inode_journal_flag(struct inode *inode, int val)
 	if (is_journal_aborted(journal))
 		return -EROFS;
 
-	/* Wait for all existing dio workers */
-	inode_dio_wait(inode);
-
 	/*
 	 * Before flushing the journal and switching inode's aops, we have
 	 * to flush all dirty data the inode has. There can be outstanding
diff --git a/fs/ext4/ioctl.c b/fs/ext4/ioctl.c
index e8870fff8224..99d21d81074f 100644
--- a/fs/ext4/ioctl.c
+++ b/fs/ext4/ioctl.c
@@ -153,10 +153,6 @@ static long swap_inode_boot_loader(struct super_block *sb,
 	if (err)
 		goto err_out;
 
-	/* Wait for all existing dio workers */
-	inode_dio_wait(inode);
-	inode_dio_wait(inode_bl);
-
 	truncate_inode_pages(&inode->i_data, 0);
 	truncate_inode_pages(&inode_bl->i_data, 0);
 
@@ -364,7 +360,6 @@ static int ext4_ioctl_setflags(struct inode *inode,
 	 */
 	if (S_ISREG(inode->i_mode) && !IS_IMMUTABLE(inode) &&
 	    (flags & EXT4_IMMUTABLE_FL)) {
-		inode_dio_wait(inode);
 		err = filemap_write_and_wait(inode->i_mapping);
 		if (err)
 			goto flags_out;
diff --git a/fs/ext4/move_extent.c b/fs/ext4/move_extent.c
index 30ce3dc69378..20240808569f 100644
--- a/fs/ext4/move_extent.c
+++ b/fs/ext4/move_extent.c
@@ -602,10 +602,6 @@ ext4_move_extents(struct file *o_filp, struct file *d_filp, __u64 orig_blk,
 	/* Protect orig and donor inodes against a truncate */
 	lock_two_nondirectories(orig_inode, donor_inode);
 
-	/* Wait for all existing dio workers */
-	inode_dio_wait(orig_inode);
-	inode_dio_wait(donor_inode);
-
 	/* Protect extent tree against block allocations via delalloc */
 	ext4_double_down_write_data_sem(orig_inode, donor_inode);
 	/* Check the filesystem environment whether move_extent can be done */
-- 
2.24.1


WARNING: multiple messages have this Message-ID (diff)
From: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
To: cluster-devel.redhat.com
Subject: [Cluster-devel] [PATCH 08/12] ext4: hold i_rwsem until AIO completes
Date: Tue, 14 Jan 2020 17:12:21 +0100	[thread overview]
Message-ID: <20200114161225.309792-9-hch@lst.de> (raw)
In-Reply-To: <20200114161225.309792-1-hch@lst.de>

Switch ext4 from the magic i_dio_count scheme to just hold i_rwsem
until the actual I/O has completed to reduce the locking complexity
and avoid nasty bugs due to missing inode_dio_wait calls.

Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
---
 fs/ext4/extents.c     | 12 ------------
 fs/ext4/file.c        | 21 +++++++++++++--------
 fs/ext4/inode.c       | 11 -----------
 fs/ext4/ioctl.c       |  5 -----
 fs/ext4/move_extent.c |  4 ----
 5 files changed, 13 insertions(+), 40 deletions(-)

diff --git a/fs/ext4/extents.c b/fs/ext4/extents.c
index 0e8708b77da6..b6aa2d249b30 100644
--- a/fs/ext4/extents.c
+++ b/fs/ext4/extents.c
@@ -4777,9 +4777,6 @@ static long ext4_zero_range(struct file *file, loff_t offset,
 	if (mode & FALLOC_FL_KEEP_SIZE)
 		flags |= EXT4_GET_BLOCKS_KEEP_SIZE;
 
-	/* Wait all existing dio workers, newcomers will block on i_mutex */
-	inode_dio_wait(inode);
-
 	/* Preallocate the range including the unaligned edges */
 	if (partial_begin || partial_end) {
 		ret = ext4_alloc_file_blocks(file,
@@ -4949,9 +4946,6 @@ long ext4_fallocate(struct file *file, int mode, loff_t offset, loff_t len)
 			goto out;
 	}
 
-	/* Wait all existing dio workers, newcomers will block on i_mutex */
-	inode_dio_wait(inode);
-
 	ret = ext4_alloc_file_blocks(file, lblk, max_blocks, new_size, flags);
 	if (ret)
 		goto out;
@@ -5525,9 +5519,6 @@ int ext4_collapse_range(struct inode *inode, loff_t offset, loff_t len)
 		goto out_mutex;
 	}
 
-	/* Wait for existing dio to complete */
-	inode_dio_wait(inode);
-
 	/*
 	 * Prevent page faults from reinstantiating pages we have released from
 	 * page cache.
@@ -5678,9 +5669,6 @@ int ext4_insert_range(struct inode *inode, loff_t offset, loff_t len)
 		goto out_mutex;
 	}
 
-	/* Wait for existing dio to complete */
-	inode_dio_wait(inode);
-
 	/*
 	 * Prevent page faults from reinstantiating pages we have released from
 	 * page cache.
diff --git a/fs/ext4/file.c b/fs/ext4/file.c
index 08b603d0c638..b3410a3ede27 100644
--- a/fs/ext4/file.c
+++ b/fs/ext4/file.c
@@ -74,9 +74,10 @@ static ssize_t ext4_dio_read_iter(struct kiocb *iocb, struct iov_iter *to)
 		return generic_file_read_iter(iocb, to);
 	}
 
-	ret = iomap_dio_rw(iocb, to, &ext4_iomap_ops, NULL, 0);
-	inode_unlock_shared(inode);
-
+	ret = iomap_dio_rw(iocb, to, &ext4_iomap_ops, NULL,
+			   IOMAP_DIO_RWSEM_SHARED);
+	if (ret != -EIOCBQUEUED)
+		inode_unlock_shared(inode);
 	file_accessed(iocb->ki_filp);
 	return ret;
 }
@@ -405,7 +406,6 @@ static ssize_t ext4_dio_write_iter(struct kiocb *iocb, struct iov_iter *from)
 	    !is_sync_kiocb(iocb) && ext4_unaligned_aio(inode, from, offset)) {
 		unaligned_aio = true;
 		dio_flags |= IOMAP_DIO_SYNCHRONOUS;
-		inode_dio_wait(inode);
 	}
 
 	/*
@@ -416,7 +416,10 @@ static ssize_t ext4_dio_write_iter(struct kiocb *iocb, struct iov_iter *from)
 	if (!unaligned_aio && ext4_overwrite_io(inode, offset, count) &&
 	    ext4_should_dioread_nolock(inode)) {
 		overwrite = true;
+		dio_flags |= IOMAP_DIO_RWSEM_SHARED;
 		downgrade_write(&inode->i_rwsem);
+	} else {
+		dio_flags |= IOMAP_DIO_RWSEM_EXCL;
 	}
 
 	if (offset + count > EXT4_I(inode)->i_disksize) {
@@ -444,10 +447,12 @@ static ssize_t ext4_dio_write_iter(struct kiocb *iocb, struct iov_iter *from)
 		ret = ext4_handle_inode_extension(inode, offset, ret, count);
 
 out:
-	if (overwrite)
-		inode_unlock_shared(inode);
-	else
-		inode_unlock(inode);
+	if (ret != -EIOCBQUEUED) {
+		if (overwrite)
+			inode_unlock_shared(inode);
+		else
+			inode_unlock(inode);
+	}
 
 	if (ret >= 0 && iov_iter_count(from)) {
 		ssize_t err;
diff --git a/fs/ext4/inode.c b/fs/ext4/inode.c
index 629a25d999f0..e2dac0727ab0 100644
--- a/fs/ext4/inode.c
+++ b/fs/ext4/inode.c
@@ -3965,9 +3965,6 @@ int ext4_punch_hole(struct inode *inode, loff_t offset, loff_t length)
 
 	}
 
-	/* Wait all existing dio workers, newcomers will block on i_mutex */
-	inode_dio_wait(inode);
-
 	/*
 	 * Prevent page faults from reinstantiating pages we have released from
 	 * page cache.
@@ -5263,11 +5260,6 @@ int ext4_setattr(struct dentry *dentry, struct iattr *attr)
 				if (error)
 					goto err_out;
 			}
-			/*
-			 * Blocks are going to be removed from the inode. Wait
-			 * for dio in flight.
-			 */
-			inode_dio_wait(inode);
 		}
 
 		down_write(&EXT4_I(inode)->i_mmap_sem);
@@ -5798,9 +5790,6 @@ int ext4_change_inode_journal_flag(struct inode *inode, int val)
 	if (is_journal_aborted(journal))
 		return -EROFS;
 
-	/* Wait for all existing dio workers */
-	inode_dio_wait(inode);
-
 	/*
 	 * Before flushing the journal and switching inode's aops, we have
 	 * to flush all dirty data the inode has. There can be outstanding
diff --git a/fs/ext4/ioctl.c b/fs/ext4/ioctl.c
index e8870fff8224..99d21d81074f 100644
--- a/fs/ext4/ioctl.c
+++ b/fs/ext4/ioctl.c
@@ -153,10 +153,6 @@ static long swap_inode_boot_loader(struct super_block *sb,
 	if (err)
 		goto err_out;
 
-	/* Wait for all existing dio workers */
-	inode_dio_wait(inode);
-	inode_dio_wait(inode_bl);
-
 	truncate_inode_pages(&inode->i_data, 0);
 	truncate_inode_pages(&inode_bl->i_data, 0);
 
@@ -364,7 +360,6 @@ static int ext4_ioctl_setflags(struct inode *inode,
 	 */
 	if (S_ISREG(inode->i_mode) && !IS_IMMUTABLE(inode) &&
 	    (flags & EXT4_IMMUTABLE_FL)) {
-		inode_dio_wait(inode);
 		err = filemap_write_and_wait(inode->i_mapping);
 		if (err)
 			goto flags_out;
diff --git a/fs/ext4/move_extent.c b/fs/ext4/move_extent.c
index 30ce3dc69378..20240808569f 100644
--- a/fs/ext4/move_extent.c
+++ b/fs/ext4/move_extent.c
@@ -602,10 +602,6 @@ ext4_move_extents(struct file *o_filp, struct file *d_filp, __u64 orig_blk,
 	/* Protect orig and donor inodes against a truncate */
 	lock_two_nondirectories(orig_inode, donor_inode);
 
-	/* Wait for all existing dio workers */
-	inode_dio_wait(orig_inode);
-	inode_dio_wait(donor_inode);
-
 	/* Protect extent tree against block allocations via delalloc */
 	ext4_double_down_write_data_sem(orig_inode, donor_inode);
 	/* Check the filesystem environment whether move_extent can be done */
-- 
2.24.1




  parent reply	other threads:[~2020-01-14 16:13 UTC|newest]

Thread overview: 80+ messages / expand[flat|nested]  mbox.gz  Atom feed  top
2020-01-14 16:12 RFC: hold i_rwsem until aio completes Christoph Hellwig
2020-01-14 16:12 ` [Cluster-devel] " Christoph Hellwig
2020-01-14 16:12 ` [PATCH 01/12] mm: fix a comment in sys_swapon Christoph Hellwig
2020-01-14 16:12   ` [Cluster-devel] " Christoph Hellwig
2020-02-10 23:29   ` Andrew Morton
2020-02-10 23:29     ` [Cluster-devel] " Andrew Morton
2020-02-12  7:37     ` Christoph Hellwig
2020-02-12  7:37       ` [Cluster-devel] " Christoph Hellwig
2020-01-14 16:12 ` [PATCH 02/12] locking/rwsem: Exit early when held by an anonymous owner Christoph Hellwig
2020-01-14 16:12   ` [Cluster-devel] " Christoph Hellwig
2020-01-14 18:17   ` Waiman Long
2020-01-14 18:17     ` [Cluster-devel] " Waiman Long
2020-01-14 18:25     ` Christoph Hellwig
2020-01-14 18:25       ` [Cluster-devel] " Christoph Hellwig
2020-01-14 18:33       ` Waiman Long
2020-01-14 18:33         ` [Cluster-devel] " Waiman Long
2020-01-14 18:55       ` Waiman Long
2020-01-14 18:55         ` [Cluster-devel] " Waiman Long
2020-01-14 16:12 ` [PATCH 03/12] xfs: fix IOCB_NOWAIT handling in xfs_file_dio_aio_read Christoph Hellwig
2020-01-14 16:12   ` [Cluster-devel] " Christoph Hellwig
2020-01-14 16:12 ` [PATCH 04/12] gfs2: move setting current->backing_dev_info Christoph Hellwig
2020-01-14 16:12   ` [Cluster-devel] " Christoph Hellwig
2020-01-14 16:12 ` [PATCH 05/12] gfs2: fix O_SYNC write handling Christoph Hellwig
2020-01-14 16:12   ` [Cluster-devel] " Christoph Hellwig
2020-01-27  9:03   ` Christoph Hellwig
2020-01-28 16:57     ` Bob Peterson
2020-02-06 15:31   ` Andreas Gruenbacher
2020-02-06 15:31     ` Andreas Gruenbacher
2020-02-06 15:31     ` Andreas Gruenbacher
2020-01-14 16:12 ` [PATCH 06/12] iomap: pass a flags value to iomap_dio_rw Christoph Hellwig
2020-01-14 16:12   ` [Cluster-devel] " Christoph Hellwig
2020-01-14 16:12 ` [PATCH 07/12] iomap: allow holding i_rwsem until aio completion Christoph Hellwig
2020-01-14 16:12 ` Christoph Hellwig [this message]
2020-01-14 16:12   ` [Cluster-devel] [PATCH 08/12] ext4: hold i_rwsem until AIO completes Christoph Hellwig
2020-01-14 21:50   ` Theodore Y. Ts'o
2020-01-14 21:50     ` [Cluster-devel] " Theodore Y. Ts'o
2020-01-15  6:48     ` Christoph Hellwig
2020-01-15  6:48       ` [Cluster-devel] " Christoph Hellwig
2020-01-14 16:12 ` [PATCH 09/12] gfs2: " Christoph Hellwig
2020-01-14 16:12   ` [Cluster-devel] " Christoph Hellwig
2020-01-14 16:12 ` [PATCH 10/12] xfs: " Christoph Hellwig
2020-01-14 16:12   ` [Cluster-devel] " Christoph Hellwig
2020-01-14 16:12 ` [PATCH 11/12] xfs: don't set IOMAP_DIO_SYNCHRONOUS for unaligned I/O Christoph Hellwig
2020-01-14 16:12   ` [Cluster-devel] " Christoph Hellwig
2020-01-14 16:12 ` [PATCH 12/12] iomap: remove the inode_dio_begin/end calls Christoph Hellwig
2020-01-14 16:12   ` [Cluster-devel] " Christoph Hellwig
2020-01-14 18:47 ` RFC: hold i_rwsem until aio completes Matthew Wilcox
2020-01-14 18:47   ` [Cluster-devel] " Matthew Wilcox
2020-01-15  6:54   ` Christoph Hellwig
2020-01-15  6:54     ` [Cluster-devel] " Christoph Hellwig
2020-01-14 19:27 ` Jason Gunthorpe
2020-01-14 19:27   ` [Cluster-devel] " Jason Gunthorpe
2020-01-15  6:56   ` Christoph Hellwig
2020-01-15  6:56     ` [Cluster-devel] " Christoph Hellwig
2020-01-15 13:24     ` Jason Gunthorpe
2020-01-15 13:24       ` [Cluster-devel] " Jason Gunthorpe
2020-01-15 14:33       ` Peter Zijlstra
2020-01-15 14:33         ` [Cluster-devel] " Peter Zijlstra
2020-01-15 14:49         ` Jason Gunthorpe
2020-01-15 14:49           ` [Cluster-devel] " Jason Gunthorpe
2020-01-15 19:03           ` Waiman Long
2020-01-15 19:03             ` [Cluster-devel] " Waiman Long
2020-01-15 19:07             ` Christoph Hellwig
2020-01-15 19:07               ` [Cluster-devel] " Christoph Hellwig
2020-01-18 22:40         ` Matthew Wilcox
2020-01-18 22:40           ` [Cluster-devel] " Matthew Wilcox
2020-01-15 15:36       ` Christoph Hellwig
2020-01-15 15:36         ` [Cluster-devel] " Christoph Hellwig
2020-01-15 16:26         ` Jason Gunthorpe
2020-01-15 16:26           ` [Cluster-devel] " Jason Gunthorpe
2020-01-16 14:00 ` Jan Kara
2020-01-16 14:00   ` [Cluster-devel] " Jan Kara
2020-02-03 17:44   ` Christoph Hellwig
2020-02-03 17:44     ` [Cluster-devel] " Christoph Hellwig
2020-01-18  9:28 ` Dave Chinner
2020-01-18  9:28   ` [Cluster-devel] " Dave Chinner
2020-02-03 17:46   ` Christoph Hellwig
2020-02-03 17:46     ` [Cluster-devel] " Christoph Hellwig
2020-02-03 23:02     ` Dave Chinner
2020-02-03 23:02       ` [Cluster-devel] " Dave Chinner

Reply instructions:

You may reply publicly to this message via plain-text email
using any one of the following methods:

* Save the following mbox file, import it into your mail client,
  and reply-to-all from there: mbox

  Avoid top-posting and favor interleaved quoting:
  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Posting_style#Interleaved_style

* Reply using the --to, --cc, and --in-reply-to
  switches of git-send-email(1):

  git send-email \
    --in-reply-to=20200114161225.309792-9-hch@lst.de \
    --to=hch@lst.de \
    --cc=akpm@linux-foundation.org \
    --cc=cluster-devel@redhat.com \
    --cc=linux-ext4@vger.kernel.org \
    --cc=linux-fsdevel@vger.kernel.org \
    --cc=linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org \
    --cc=linux-mm@kvack.org \
    --cc=linux-xfs@vger.kernel.org \
    --cc=longman@redhat.com \
    --cc=mingo@redhat.com \
    --cc=peterz@infradead.org \
    --cc=tglx@linutronix.de \
    --cc=will@kernel.org \
    /path/to/YOUR_REPLY

  https://kernel.org/pub/software/scm/git/docs/git-send-email.html

* If your mail client supports setting the In-Reply-To header
  via mailto: links, try the mailto: link
Be sure your reply has a Subject: header at the top and a blank line before the message body.
This is an external index of several public inboxes,
see mirroring instructions on how to clone and mirror
all data and code used by this external index.