Re: [PATCH RFC v2 tip/core/rcu 14/22] rcu-tasks: Add an RCU Tasks Trace to simplify protection of tracing hooks

[Joel Fernandes <joel@joelfernandes.org>]

On Wed, Mar 18, 2020 at 05:10:52PM -0700, paulmck@kernel.org wrote:
[...]
> +/* Initialize for a new RCU-tasks-trace grace period. */
> +static void rcu_tasks_trace_pregp_step(void)
> +{
> +	int cpu;
> +
> +	// Wait for CPU-hotplug paths to complete.
> +	cpus_read_lock();
> +	cpus_read_unlock();
> +
> +	// Allow for fast-acting IPIs.
> +	atomic_set(&trc_n_readers_need_end, 1);
> +
> +	// There shouldn't be any old IPIs, but...
> +	for_each_possible_cpu(cpu)
> +		WARN_ON_ONCE(per_cpu(trc_ipi_to_cpu, cpu));
> +}
> +
> +/* Do first-round processing for the specified task. */
> +static void rcu_tasks_trace_pertask(struct task_struct *t,
> +				    struct list_head *hop)
> +{
> +	WRITE_ONCE(t->trc_reader_need_end, false);
> +	t->trc_reader_checked = false;
> +	t->trc_ipi_to_cpu = -1;
> +	trc_wait_for_one_reader(t, hop);
> +}
> +
> +/* Do intermediate processing between task and holdout scans. */
> +static void rcu_tasks_trace_postscan(void)
> +{
> +	// Wait for late-stage exiting tasks to finish exiting.
> +	// These might have passed the call to exit_tasks_rcu_finish().
> +	synchronize_rcu();
> +	// Any tasks that exit after this point will set ->trc_reader_checked.
> +}
> +
> +/* Do one scan of the holdout list. */
> +static void check_all_holdout_tasks_trace(struct list_head *hop,
> +					  bool ndrpt, bool *frptp)
> +{
> +	struct task_struct *g, *t;
> +
> +	list_for_each_entry_safe(t, g, hop, trc_holdout_list) {
> +		// If safe and needed, try to check the current task.
> +		if (READ_ONCE(t->trc_ipi_to_cpu) == -1 &&
> +		    !READ_ONCE(t->trc_reader_checked))
> +			trc_wait_for_one_reader(t, hop);

Just some questions:

1. How are we ensuring on the reader-side that we are executing memory
barriers that are sufficient to ensure that all update-side memory operations
in reader section is visible to code executing after the grace period?

2. Is it possible that a hold-out task is removed from the hold-out list and is
not waited on in the updater side, before the reader side got a chance to
indirectly execute such memory barriers?

3. If a reader sees updates that were done before the grace period started, it
should not see any updates that happen after the grace period ends. Is that
guaranteed with this RCU-Trace?

If its Ok, it would be nice to mention more about memory ordering aspect in
the changelog.

thanks!

 - Joel


> +
> +		// If check succeeded, remove this task from the list.
> +		if (READ_ONCE(t->trc_reader_checked))
> +			trc_del_holdout(t);
> +	}
> +}
> +
> +/* Wait for grace period to complete and provide ordering. */
> +static void rcu_tasks_trace_postgp(void)
> +{
> +	// Remove the safety count.
> +	smp_mb__before_atomic();  // Order vs. earlier atomics
> +	atomic_dec(&trc_n_readers_need_end);
> +	smp_mb__after_atomic();  // Order vs. later atomics
> +
> +	// Wait for readers.
> +	wait_event_idle_exclusive(trc_wait,
> +				  atomic_read(&trc_n_readers_need_end) == 0);
> +
> +	smp_mb(); // Caller's code must be ordered after wakeup.
> +}
> +
> +/* Report any needed quiescent state for this exiting task. */
> +void exit_tasks_rcu_finish_trace(struct task_struct *t)
> +{
> +	WRITE_ONCE(t->trc_reader_checked, true);
> +	WARN_ON_ONCE(t->trc_reader_nesting);
> +	WRITE_ONCE(t->trc_reader_nesting, 0);
> +	if (WARN_ON_ONCE(READ_ONCE(t->trc_reader_need_end)))
> +		rcu_read_unlock_trace_special(t);
> +}
> +
> +void call_rcu_tasks_trace(struct rcu_head *rhp, rcu_callback_t func);
> +DEFINE_RCU_TASKS(rcu_tasks_trace, rcu_tasks_wait_gp, call_rcu_tasks_trace,
> +		 "RCU Tasks Trace");
> +
> +/**
> + * call_rcu_tasks_trace() - Queue a callback trace task-based grace period
> + * @rhp: structure to be used for queueing the RCU updates.
> + * @func: actual callback function to be invoked after the grace period
> + *
> + * The callback function will be invoked some time after a full grace
> + * period elapses, in other words after all currently executing RCU
> + * read-side critical sections have completed. call_rcu_tasks_trace()
> + * assumes that the read-side critical sections end at context switch,
> + * cond_resched_rcu_qs(), or transition to usermode execution.  As such,
> + * there are no read-side primitives analogous to rcu_read_lock() and
> + * rcu_read_unlock() because this primitive is intended to determine
> + * that all tasks have passed through a safe state, not so much for
> + * data-strcuture synchronization.
> + *
> + * See the description of call_rcu() for more detailed information on
> + * memory ordering guarantees.
> + */
> +void call_rcu_tasks_trace(struct rcu_head *rhp, rcu_callback_t func)
> +{
> +	call_rcu_tasks_generic(rhp, func, &rcu_tasks_trace);
> +}
> +EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(call_rcu_tasks_trace);
> +
> +/**
> + * synchronize_rcu_tasks_trace - wait for a trace rcu-tasks grace period
> + *
> + * Control will return to the caller some time after a trace rcu-tasks
> + * grace period has elapsed, in other words after all currently
> + * executing rcu-tasks read-side critical sections have elapsed.  These
> + * read-side critical sections are delimited by calls to schedule(),
> + * cond_resched_tasks_rcu_qs(), userspace execution, and (in theory,
> + * anyway) cond_resched().
> + *
> + * This is a very specialized primitive, intended only for a few uses in
> + * tracing and other situations requiring manipulation of function preambles
> + * and profiling hooks.  The synchronize_rcu_tasks_trace() function is not
> + * (yet) intended for heavy use from multiple CPUs.
> + *
> + * See the description of synchronize_rcu() for more detailed information
> + * on memory ordering guarantees.
> + */
> +void synchronize_rcu_tasks_trace(void)
> +{
> +	RCU_LOCKDEP_WARN(lock_is_held(&rcu_trace_lock_map), "Illegal synchronize_rcu_tasks_trace() in RCU Tasks Trace read-side critical section");
> +	synchronize_rcu_tasks_generic(&rcu_tasks_trace);
> +}
> +EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(synchronize_rcu_tasks_trace);
> +
> +/**
> + * rcu_barrier_tasks_trace - Wait for in-flight call_rcu_tasks_trace() callbacks.
> + *
> + * Although the current implementation is guaranteed to wait, it is not
> + * obligated to, for example, if there are no pending callbacks.
> + */
> +void rcu_barrier_tasks_trace(void)
> +{
> +	/* There is only one callback queue, so this is easy.  ;-) */
> +	synchronize_rcu_tasks_trace();
> +}
> +EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(rcu_barrier_tasks_trace);
> +
> +static int __init rcu_spawn_tasks_trace_kthread(void)
> +{
> +	rcu_tasks_trace.pregp_func = rcu_tasks_trace_pregp_step;
> +	rcu_tasks_trace.pertask_func = rcu_tasks_trace_pertask;
> +	rcu_tasks_trace.postscan_func = rcu_tasks_trace_postscan;
> +	rcu_tasks_trace.holdouts_func = check_all_holdout_tasks_trace;
> +	rcu_tasks_trace.postgp_func = rcu_tasks_trace_postgp;
> +	rcu_spawn_tasks_kthread_generic(&rcu_tasks_trace);
> +	return 0;
> +}
> +core_initcall(rcu_spawn_tasks_trace_kthread);
> +
> +#else /* #ifdef CONFIG_TASKS_TRACE_RCU */
> +void exit_tasks_rcu_finish_trace(struct task_struct *t) { }
> +#endif /* #else #ifdef CONFIG_TASKS_TRACE_RCU */
> -- 
> 2.9.5
>