[PATCH v2 3/3] RISC-V: Add crash kernel support

[Nick Kossifidis <mick@ics.forth.gr>]

This patch allows Linux to act as a crash kernel for use with
kdump. Userspace will let the crash kernel know about the
memory region it can use through linux,usable-memory property
on the /memory node (overriding its reg property), and about the
memory region where the elf core header of the previous kernel
is saved, through a reserved-memory node with a compatible string
of "linux,elfcorehdr". This approach is the least invasive and
re-uses functionality already present.

I tested this on riscv64 qemu and it works as expected, you
may test it by retrieving the dmesg of the previous kernel
through /proc/vmcore, using the vmcore-dmesg utility from
kexec-tools.

v2:
 * Use linux,usable-memory on /memory instead of a new binding
 * Use a reserved-memory node for ELF core header

Signed-off-by: Nick Kossifidis <mick@ics.forth.gr>
---
 arch/riscv/Kconfig             | 10 ++++++++
 arch/riscv/kernel/Makefile     |  1 +
 arch/riscv/kernel/crash_dump.c | 46 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 arch/riscv/kernel/setup.c      | 35 +++++++++++++++++++++++---
 arch/riscv/mm/init.c           | 33 ++++++++++++++++++++++++
 5 files changed, 122 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 arch/riscv/kernel/crash_dump.c

diff --git a/arch/riscv/Kconfig b/arch/riscv/Kconfig
index e7dd2d1c5..6c59987f0 100644
--- a/arch/riscv/Kconfig
+++ b/arch/riscv/Kconfig
@@ -353,6 +353,16 @@ config KEXEC
 
 	  The name comes from the similarity to the exec system call.
 
+config CRASH_DUMP
+	bool "Build kdump crash kernel"
+	help
+	  Generate crash dump after being started by kexec. This should
+	  be normally only set in special crash dump kernels which are
+	  loaded in the main kernel with kexec-tools into a specially
+	  reserved region and then later executed after a crash by
+	  kdump/kexec.
+
+	  For more details see Documentation/admin-guide/kdump/kdump.rst
 
 endmenu
 
diff --git a/arch/riscv/kernel/Makefile b/arch/riscv/kernel/Makefile
index b9a3842ad..f067f55f1 100644
--- a/arch/riscv/kernel/Makefile
+++ b/arch/riscv/kernel/Makefile
@@ -53,5 +53,6 @@ endif
 obj-$(CONFIG_HOTPLUG_CPU)	+= cpu-hotplug.o
 obj-$(CONFIG_KGDB)		+= kgdb.o
 obj-${CONFIG_KEXEC}		+= kexec_relocate.o crash_save_regs.o machine_kexec.o
+obj-$(CONFIG_CRASH_DUMP)	+= crash_dump.o
 
 clean:
diff --git a/arch/riscv/kernel/crash_dump.c b/arch/riscv/kernel/crash_dump.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..81b9d2a71
--- /dev/null
+++ b/arch/riscv/kernel/crash_dump.c
@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
+/*
+ * This code comes from arch/arm64/kernel/crash_dump.c
+ * Created by: AKASHI Takahiro <takahiro.akashi@linaro.org>
+ * Copyright (C) 2017 Linaro Limited
+ */
+
+#include <linux/crash_dump.h>
+#include <linux/io.h>
+
+/**
+ * copy_oldmem_page() - copy one page from old kernel memory
+ * @pfn: page frame number to be copied
+ * @buf: buffer where the copied page is placed
+ * @csize: number of bytes to copy
+ * @offset: offset in bytes into the page
+ * @userbuf: if set, @buf is in a user address space
+ *
+ * This function copies one page from old kernel memory into buffer pointed by
+ * @buf. If @buf is in userspace, set @userbuf to %1. Returns number of bytes
+ * copied or negative error in case of failure.
+ */
+ssize_t copy_oldmem_page(unsigned long pfn, char *buf,
+			 size_t csize, unsigned long offset,
+			 int userbuf)
+{
+	void *vaddr;
+
+	if (!csize)
+		return 0;
+
+	vaddr = memremap(__pfn_to_phys(pfn), PAGE_SIZE, MEMREMAP_WB);
+	if (!vaddr)
+		return -ENOMEM;
+
+	if (userbuf) {
+		if (copy_to_user((char __user *)buf, vaddr + offset, csize)) {
+			memunmap(vaddr);
+			return -EFAULT;
+		}
+	} else
+		memcpy(buf, vaddr + offset, csize);
+
+	memunmap(vaddr);
+	return csize;
+}
diff --git a/arch/riscv/kernel/setup.c b/arch/riscv/kernel/setup.c
index 4dc940389..469470b0b 100644
--- a/arch/riscv/kernel/setup.c
+++ b/arch/riscv/kernel/setup.c
@@ -63,6 +63,9 @@ static struct resource code_res = { .name = "Kernel code", };
 static struct resource data_res = { .name = "Kernel data", };
 static struct resource rodata_res = { .name = "Kernel rodata", };
 static struct resource bss_res = { .name = "Kernel bss", };
+#ifdef CONFIG_CRASH_DUMP
+static struct resource elfcorehdr_res = { .name = "ELF Core hdr", };
+#endif
 
 static int __init add_resource(struct resource *parent,
 				struct resource *res)
@@ -133,6 +135,16 @@ static int __init add_crashk_resource(struct resource *res)
 }
 #endif
 
+#ifdef CONFIG_CRASH_DUMP
+static int __init add_elfcorehdr_resource(struct resource *res)
+{
+	if (res->start <= elfcorehdr_res.start && res->end >= elfcorehdr_res.end)
+		return add_resource(&iomem_resource, &elfcorehdr_res);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+#endif
+
 static void __init init_resources(void)
 {
 	struct memblock_region *region = NULL;
@@ -155,6 +167,14 @@ static void __init init_resources(void)
 	bss_res.end = __pa_symbol(__bss_stop) - 1;
 	bss_res.flags = IORESOURCE_SYSTEM_RAM | IORESOURCE_BUSY;
 
+#ifdef CONFIG_CRASH_DUMP
+	if (elfcorehdr_size) {
+		elfcorehdr_res.start = elfcorehdr_addr;
+		elfcorehdr_res.end = elfcorehdr_addr + elfcorehdr_size - 1;
+		elfcorehdr_res.flags = IORESOURCE_SYSTEM_RAM | IORESOURCE_BUSY;
+	}
+#endif
+
 	/*
 	 * Start by adding the reserved regions, if they overlap
 	 * with /memory regions, insert_resource later on will take
@@ -185,6 +206,14 @@ static void __init init_resources(void)
 			continue;
 #endif
 
+#ifdef CONFIG_CRASH_DUMP
+		ret = add_elfcorehdr_resource(res);
+		if (ret < 0)
+			goto error;
+		else if (ret)
+			continue;
+#endif
+
 		/*
 		 * Ignore any other reserved regions within
 		 * system memory.
diff --git a/arch/riscv/mm/init.c b/arch/riscv/mm/init.c
index e4ce3a2af..c85ddfe44 100644
--- a/arch/riscv/mm/init.c
+++ b/arch/riscv/mm/init.c
@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@
 #include <linux/swap.h>
 #include <linux/sizes.h>
 #include <linux/of_fdt.h>
+#include <linux/of_reserved_mem.h>
 #include <linux/libfdt.h>
 #include <linux/set_memory.h>
 #include <linux/crash_dump.h>
@@ -123,6 +124,26 @@ static void __init setup_initrd(void)
 }
 #endif /* CONFIG_BLK_DEV_INITRD */
 
+#ifdef CONFIG_CRASH_DUMP
+/*
+ * We keep track of the ELF core header of the crashed
+ * kernel with a reserved-memory region with compatible
+ * string "linux,elfcorehdr". Here we register a callback
+ * to populate elfcorehdr_addr/size when this region is
+ * present. Note that this region will be marked as
+ * reserved once we call early_init_fdt_scan_reserved_mem()
+ * later on.
+ */
+static int elfcore_hdr_setup(struct reserved_mem *rmem)
+{
+	elfcorehdr_addr = rmem->base;
+	elfcorehdr_size = rmem->size;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+RESERVEDMEM_OF_DECLARE(elfcorehdr, "linux,elfcorehdr", elfcore_hdr_setup);
+#endif
+
 static phys_addr_t dtb_early_pa __initdata;
 
 void __init setup_bootmem(void)
@@ -537,6 +558,18 @@ static void __init reserve_crashkernel(void)
 
 	int ret = 0;
 
+	/*
+	 * Don't reserve a region for a crash kernel on a crash kernel
+	 * since it doesn't make much sense and we have limited memory
+	 * resources.
+	 */
+#ifdef CONFIG_CRASH_DUMP
+	if (is_kdump_kernel()) {
+		pr_info("crashkernel: ignoring reservation request\n");
+		return;
+	}
+#endif
+
 	ret = parse_crashkernel(boot_command_line, memblock_phys_mem_size(),
 				&crash_size, &crash_base);
 	if (ret || !crash_size)
-- 
2.26.2


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