[PATCH v6 00/17] Add static_call

[PATCH v6 00/17] Add static_call

[Peter Zijlstra]

Hi all,

Hopefully for the last time...

static_call(), is the idea of static_branch() applied to indirect function
calls. Remove a data load (indirection) by modifying the text.

The inline implementation still relies on objtool to generate the
.static_call_sites section, mostly because this is a natural place for x86_64
and works for both GCC and LLVM.  Other architectures can pick other means
if/when they implement the inline patching. The out-of-line (aka. trampoline)
variant doesn't require this.

Patches go on top of: linus + tip/objtool/core

Patches can also be found here:

  git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/peterz/queue.git x86/static_call

Changes since the last time:

 - rebased
 - fixed ftrace synthetic events (rostedt)

[PATCH v6 01/17] notifier: Fix broken error handling pattern

[Peter Zijlstra]

The current notifiers have the following error handling pattern all
over the place:

	int err, nr;

	err = __foo_notifier_call_chain(&chain, val_up, v, -1, &nr);
	if (err & NOTIFIER_STOP_MASK)
		__foo_notifier_call_chain(&chain, val_down, v, nr-1, NULL)

And aside from the endless repetition thereof, it is broken. Consider
blocking notifiers; both calls take and drop the rwsem, this means
that the notifier list can change in between the two calls, making @nr
meaningless.

Fix this by replacing all the __foo_notifier_call_chain() functions
with foo_notifier_call_chain_robust() that embeds the above pattern,
but ensures it is inside a single lock region.

Note: I switched atomic_notifier_call_chain_robust() to use
      the spinlock, since RCU cannot provide the guarantee
      required for the recovery.

Note: software_resume() error handling was broken afaict.

Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Acked-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>
---
 include/linux/notifier.h           |   15 +--
 kernel/cpu_pm.c                    |   48 ++++--------
 kernel/notifier.c                  |  144 ++++++++++++++++++++++---------------
 kernel/power/hibernate.c           |   26 +++---
 kernel/power/main.c                |    8 +-
 kernel/power/power.h               |    3 
 kernel/power/suspend.c             |   14 +--
 kernel/power/user.c                |   14 +--
 tools/power/pm-graph/sleepgraph.py |    2 
 9 files changed, 141 insertions(+), 133 deletions(-)

--- a/include/linux/notifier.h
+++ b/include/linux/notifier.h
@@ -161,20 +161,19 @@ extern int srcu_notifier_chain_unregiste
 
 extern int atomic_notifier_call_chain(struct atomic_notifier_head *nh,
 		unsigned long val, void *v);
-extern int __atomic_notifier_call_chain(struct atomic_notifier_head *nh,
-	unsigned long val, void *v, int nr_to_call, int *nr_calls);
 extern int blocking_notifier_call_chain(struct blocking_notifier_head *nh,
 		unsigned long val, void *v);
-extern int __blocking_notifier_call_chain(struct blocking_notifier_head *nh,
-	unsigned long val, void *v, int nr_to_call, int *nr_calls);
 extern int raw_notifier_call_chain(struct raw_notifier_head *nh,
 		unsigned long val, void *v);
-extern int __raw_notifier_call_chain(struct raw_notifier_head *nh,
-	unsigned long val, void *v, int nr_to_call, int *nr_calls);
 extern int srcu_notifier_call_chain(struct srcu_notifier_head *nh,
 		unsigned long val, void *v);
-extern int __srcu_notifier_call_chain(struct srcu_notifier_head *nh,
-	unsigned long val, void *v, int nr_to_call, int *nr_calls);
+
+extern int atomic_notifier_call_chain_robust(struct atomic_notifier_head *nh,
+		unsigned long val_up, unsigned long val_down, void *v);
+extern int blocking_notifier_call_chain_robust(struct blocking_notifier_head *nh,
+		unsigned long val_up, unsigned long val_down, void *v);
+extern int raw_notifier_call_chain_robust(struct raw_notifier_head *nh,
+		unsigned long val_up, unsigned long val_down, void *v);
 
 #define NOTIFY_DONE		0x0000		/* Don't care */
 #define NOTIFY_OK		0x0001		/* Suits me */
--- a/kernel/cpu_pm.c
+++ b/kernel/cpu_pm.c
@@ -15,18 +15,28 @@
 
 static ATOMIC_NOTIFIER_HEAD(cpu_pm_notifier_chain);
 
-static int cpu_pm_notify(enum cpu_pm_event event, int nr_to_call, int *nr_calls)
+static int cpu_pm_notify(enum cpu_pm_event event)
 {
 	int ret;
 
 	/*
-	 * __atomic_notifier_call_chain has a RCU read critical section, which
+	 * atomic_notifier_call_chain has a RCU read critical section, which
 	 * could be disfunctional in cpu idle. Copy RCU_NONIDLE code to let
 	 * RCU know this.
 	 */
 	rcu_irq_enter_irqson();
-	ret = __atomic_notifier_call_chain(&cpu_pm_notifier_chain, event, NULL,
-		nr_to_call, nr_calls);
+	ret = atomic_notifier_call_chain(&cpu_pm_notifier_chain, event, NULL);
+	rcu_irq_exit_irqson();
+
+	return notifier_to_errno(ret);
+}
+
+static int cpu_pm_notify_robust(enum cpu_pm_event event_up, enum cpu_pm_event event_down)
+{
+	int ret;
+
+	rcu_irq_enter_irqson();
+	ret = atomic_notifier_call_chain_robust(&cpu_pm_notifier_chain, event_up, event_down, NULL);
 	rcu_irq_exit_irqson();
 
 	return notifier_to_errno(ret);
@@ -80,18 +90,7 @@ EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(cpu_pm_unregister_noti
  */
 int cpu_pm_enter(void)
 {
-	int nr_calls = 0;
-	int ret = 0;
-
-	ret = cpu_pm_notify(CPU_PM_ENTER, -1, &nr_calls);
-	if (ret)
-		/*
-		 * Inform listeners (nr_calls - 1) about failure of CPU PM
-		 * PM entry who are notified earlier to prepare for it.
-		 */
-		cpu_pm_notify(CPU_PM_ENTER_FAILED, nr_calls - 1, NULL);
-
-	return ret;
+	return cpu_pm_notify_robust(CPU_PM_ENTER, CPU_PM_ENTER_FAILED);
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(cpu_pm_enter);
 
@@ -109,7 +108,7 @@ EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(cpu_pm_enter);
  */
 int cpu_pm_exit(void)
 {
-	return cpu_pm_notify(CPU_PM_EXIT, -1, NULL);
+	return cpu_pm_notify(CPU_PM_EXIT);
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(cpu_pm_exit);
 
@@ -131,18 +130,7 @@ EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(cpu_pm_exit);
  */
 int cpu_cluster_pm_enter(void)
 {
-	int nr_calls = 0;
-	int ret = 0;
-
-	ret = cpu_pm_notify(CPU_CLUSTER_PM_ENTER, -1, &nr_calls);
-	if (ret)
-		/*
-		 * Inform listeners (nr_calls - 1) about failure of CPU cluster
-		 * PM entry who are notified earlier to prepare for it.
-		 */
-		cpu_pm_notify(CPU_CLUSTER_PM_ENTER_FAILED, nr_calls - 1, NULL);
-
-	return ret;
+	return cpu_pm_notify_robust(CPU_CLUSTER_PM_ENTER, CPU_CLUSTER_PM_ENTER_FAILED);
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(cpu_cluster_pm_enter);
 
@@ -163,7 +151,7 @@ EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(cpu_cluster_pm_enter);
  */
 int cpu_cluster_pm_exit(void)
 {
-	return cpu_pm_notify(CPU_CLUSTER_PM_EXIT, -1, NULL);
+	return cpu_pm_notify(CPU_CLUSTER_PM_EXIT);
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(cpu_cluster_pm_exit);
 
--- a/kernel/notifier.c
+++ b/kernel/notifier.c
@@ -94,6 +94,34 @@ static int notifier_call_chain(struct no
 }
 NOKPROBE_SYMBOL(notifier_call_chain);
 
+/**
+ * notifier_call_chain_robust - Inform the registered notifiers about an event
+ *                              and rollback on error.
+ * @nl:		Pointer to head of the blocking notifier chain
+ * @val_up:	Value passed unmodified to the notifier function
+ * @val_down:	Value passed unmodified to the notifier function when recovering
+ *              from an error on @val_up
+ * @v		Pointer passed unmodified to the notifier function
+ *
+ * NOTE:	It is important the @nl chain doesn't change between the two
+ *		invocations of notifier_call_chain() such that we visit the
+ *		exact same notifier callbacks; this rules out any RCU usage.
+ *
+ * Returns:	the return value of the @val_up call.
+ */
+static int notifier_call_chain_robust(struct notifier_block **nl,
+				     unsigned long val_up, unsigned long val_down,
+				     void *v)
+{
+	int ret, nr = 0;
+
+	ret = notifier_call_chain(nl, val_up, v, -1, &nr);
+	if (ret & NOTIFY_STOP_MASK)
+		notifier_call_chain(nl, val_down, v, nr-1, NULL);
+
+	return ret;
+}
+
 /*
  *	Atomic notifier chain routines.  Registration and unregistration
  *	use a spinlock, and call_chain is synchronized by RCU (no locks).
@@ -144,13 +172,30 @@ int atomic_notifier_chain_unregister(str
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(atomic_notifier_chain_unregister);
 
+int atomic_notifier_call_chain_robust(struct atomic_notifier_head *nh,
+		unsigned long val_up, unsigned long val_down, void *v)
+{
+	unsigned long flags;
+	int ret;
+
+	/*
+	 * Musn't use RCU; because then the notifier list can
+	 * change between the up and down traversal.
+	 */
+	spin_lock_irqsave(&nh->lock, flags);
+	ret = notifier_call_chain_robust(&nh->head, val_up, val_down, v);
+	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&nh->lock, flags);
+
+	return ret;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(atomic_notifier_call_chain_robust);
+NOKPROBE_SYMBOL(atomic_notifier_call_chain_robust);
+
 /**
- *	__atomic_notifier_call_chain - Call functions in an atomic notifier chain
+ *	atomic_notifier_call_chain - Call functions in an atomic notifier chain
  *	@nh: Pointer to head of the atomic notifier chain
  *	@val: Value passed unmodified to notifier function
  *	@v: Pointer passed unmodified to notifier function
- *	@nr_to_call: See the comment for notifier_call_chain.
- *	@nr_calls: See the comment for notifier_call_chain.
  *
  *	Calls each function in a notifier chain in turn.  The functions
  *	run in an atomic context, so they must not block.
@@ -163,24 +208,16 @@ EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(atomic_notifier_chain_
  *	Otherwise the return value is the return value
  *	of the last notifier function called.
  */
-int __atomic_notifier_call_chain(struct atomic_notifier_head *nh,
-				 unsigned long val, void *v,
-				 int nr_to_call, int *nr_calls)
+int atomic_notifier_call_chain(struct atomic_notifier_head *nh,
+			       unsigned long val, void *v)
 {
 	int ret;
 
 	rcu_read_lock();
-	ret = notifier_call_chain(&nh->head, val, v, nr_to_call, nr_calls);
+	ret = notifier_call_chain(&nh->head, val, v, -1, NULL);
 	rcu_read_unlock();
-	return ret;
-}
-EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(__atomic_notifier_call_chain);
-NOKPROBE_SYMBOL(__atomic_notifier_call_chain);
 
-int atomic_notifier_call_chain(struct atomic_notifier_head *nh,
-			       unsigned long val, void *v)
-{
-	return __atomic_notifier_call_chain(nh, val, v, -1, NULL);
+	return ret;
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(atomic_notifier_call_chain);
 NOKPROBE_SYMBOL(atomic_notifier_call_chain);
@@ -250,13 +287,30 @@ int blocking_notifier_chain_unregister(s
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(blocking_notifier_chain_unregister);
 
+int blocking_notifier_call_chain_robust(struct blocking_notifier_head *nh,
+		unsigned long val_up, unsigned long val_down, void *v)
+{
+	int ret = NOTIFY_DONE;
+
+	/*
+	 * We check the head outside the lock, but if this access is
+	 * racy then it does not matter what the result of the test
+	 * is, we re-check the list after having taken the lock anyway:
+	 */
+	if (rcu_access_pointer(nh->head)) {
+		down_read(&nh->rwsem);
+		ret = notifier_call_chain_robust(&nh->head, val_up, val_down, v);
+		up_read(&nh->rwsem);
+	}
+	return ret;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(blocking_notifier_call_chain_robust);
+
 /**
- *	__blocking_notifier_call_chain - Call functions in a blocking notifier chain
+ *	blocking_notifier_call_chain - Call functions in a blocking notifier chain
  *	@nh: Pointer to head of the blocking notifier chain
  *	@val: Value passed unmodified to notifier function
  *	@v: Pointer passed unmodified to notifier function
- *	@nr_to_call: See comment for notifier_call_chain.
- *	@nr_calls: See comment for notifier_call_chain.
  *
  *	Calls each function in a notifier chain in turn.  The functions
  *	run in a process context, so they are allowed to block.
@@ -268,9 +322,8 @@ EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(blocking_notifier_chai
  *	Otherwise the return value is the return value
  *	of the last notifier function called.
  */
-int __blocking_notifier_call_chain(struct blocking_notifier_head *nh,
-				   unsigned long val, void *v,
-				   int nr_to_call, int *nr_calls)
+int blocking_notifier_call_chain(struct blocking_notifier_head *nh,
+		unsigned long val, void *v)
 {
 	int ret = NOTIFY_DONE;
 
@@ -281,19 +334,11 @@ int __blocking_notifier_call_chain(struc
 	 */
 	if (rcu_access_pointer(nh->head)) {
 		down_read(&nh->rwsem);
-		ret = notifier_call_chain(&nh->head, val, v, nr_to_call,
-					nr_calls);
+		ret = notifier_call_chain(&nh->head, val, v, -1, NULL);
 		up_read(&nh->rwsem);
 	}
 	return ret;
 }
-EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(__blocking_notifier_call_chain);
-
-int blocking_notifier_call_chain(struct blocking_notifier_head *nh,
-		unsigned long val, void *v)
-{
-	return __blocking_notifier_call_chain(nh, val, v, -1, NULL);
-}
 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(blocking_notifier_call_chain);
 
 /*
@@ -335,13 +380,18 @@ int raw_notifier_chain_unregister(struct
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(raw_notifier_chain_unregister);
 
+int raw_notifier_call_chain_robust(struct raw_notifier_head *nh,
+		unsigned long val_up, unsigned long val_down, void *v)
+{
+	return notifier_call_chain_robust(&nh->head, val_up, val_down, v);
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(raw_notifier_call_chain_robust);
+
 /**
- *	__raw_notifier_call_chain - Call functions in a raw notifier chain
+ *	raw_notifier_call_chain - Call functions in a raw notifier chain
  *	@nh: Pointer to head of the raw notifier chain
  *	@val: Value passed unmodified to notifier function
  *	@v: Pointer passed unmodified to notifier function
- *	@nr_to_call: See comment for notifier_call_chain.
- *	@nr_calls: See comment for notifier_call_chain
  *
  *	Calls each function in a notifier chain in turn.  The functions
  *	run in an undefined context.
@@ -354,18 +404,10 @@ EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(raw_notifier_chain_unr
  *	Otherwise the return value is the return value
  *	of the last notifier function called.
  */
-int __raw_notifier_call_chain(struct raw_notifier_head *nh,
-			      unsigned long val, void *v,
-			      int nr_to_call, int *nr_calls)
-{
-	return notifier_call_chain(&nh->head, val, v, nr_to_call, nr_calls);
-}
-EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(__raw_notifier_call_chain);
-
 int raw_notifier_call_chain(struct raw_notifier_head *nh,
 		unsigned long val, void *v)
 {
-	return __raw_notifier_call_chain(nh, val, v, -1, NULL);
+	return notifier_call_chain(&nh->head, val, v, -1, NULL);
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(raw_notifier_call_chain);
 
@@ -437,12 +479,10 @@ int srcu_notifier_chain_unregister(struc
 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(srcu_notifier_chain_unregister);
 
 /**
- *	__srcu_notifier_call_chain - Call functions in an SRCU notifier chain
+ *	srcu_notifier_call_chain - Call functions in an SRCU notifier chain
  *	@nh: Pointer to head of the SRCU notifier chain
  *	@val: Value passed unmodified to notifier function
  *	@v: Pointer passed unmodified to notifier function
- *	@nr_to_call: See comment for notifier_call_chain.
- *	@nr_calls: See comment for notifier_call_chain
  *
  *	Calls each function in a notifier chain in turn.  The functions
  *	run in a process context, so they are allowed to block.
@@ -454,25 +494,17 @@ EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(srcu_notifier_chain_un
  *	Otherwise the return value is the return value
  *	of the last notifier function called.
  */
-int __srcu_notifier_call_chain(struct srcu_notifier_head *nh,
-			       unsigned long val, void *v,
-			       int nr_to_call, int *nr_calls)
+int srcu_notifier_call_chain(struct srcu_notifier_head *nh,
+		unsigned long val, void *v)
 {
 	int ret;
 	int idx;
 
 	idx = srcu_read_lock(&nh->srcu);
-	ret = notifier_call_chain(&nh->head, val, v, nr_to_call, nr_calls);
+	ret = notifier_call_chain(&nh->head, val, v, -1, NULL);
 	srcu_read_unlock(&nh->srcu, idx);
 	return ret;
 }
-EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(__srcu_notifier_call_chain);
-
-int srcu_notifier_call_chain(struct srcu_notifier_head *nh,
-		unsigned long val, void *v)
-{
-	return __srcu_notifier_call_chain(nh, val, v, -1, NULL);
-}
 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(srcu_notifier_call_chain);
 
 /**
--- a/kernel/power/hibernate.c
+++ b/kernel/power/hibernate.c
@@ -706,8 +706,8 @@ static int load_image_and_restore(void)
  */
 int hibernate(void)
 {
-	int error, nr_calls = 0;
 	bool snapshot_test = false;
+	int error;
 
 	if (!hibernation_available()) {
 		pm_pr_dbg("Hibernation not available.\n");
@@ -723,11 +723,9 @@ int hibernate(void)
 
 	pr_info("hibernation entry\n");
 	pm_prepare_console();
-	error = __pm_notifier_call_chain(PM_HIBERNATION_PREPARE, -1, &nr_calls);
-	if (error) {
-		nr_calls--;
-		goto Exit;
-	}
+	error = pm_notifier_call_chain_robust(PM_HIBERNATION_PREPARE, PM_POST_HIBERNATION);
+	if (error)
+		goto Restore;
 
 	ksys_sync_helper();
 
@@ -785,7 +783,8 @@ int hibernate(void)
 	/* Don't bother checking whether freezer_test_done is true */
 	freezer_test_done = false;
  Exit:
-	__pm_notifier_call_chain(PM_POST_HIBERNATION, nr_calls, NULL);
+	pm_notifier_call_chain(PM_POST_HIBERNATION);
+ Restore:
 	pm_restore_console();
 	hibernate_release();
  Unlock:
@@ -813,7 +812,7 @@ int hibernate(void)
  */
 static int software_resume(void)
 {
-	int error, nr_calls = 0;
+	int error;
 
 	/*
 	 * If the user said "noresume".. bail out early.
@@ -900,11 +899,9 @@ static int software_resume(void)
 
 	pr_info("resume from hibernation\n");
 	pm_prepare_console();
-	error = __pm_notifier_call_chain(PM_RESTORE_PREPARE, -1, &nr_calls);
-	if (error) {
-		nr_calls--;
-		goto Close_Finish;
-	}
+	error = pm_notifier_call_chain_robust(PM_RESTORE_PREPARE, PM_POST_RESTORE);
+	if (error)
+		goto Restore;
 
 	pm_pr_dbg("Preparing processes for hibernation restore.\n");
 	error = freeze_processes();
@@ -920,7 +917,8 @@ static int software_resume(void)
 	error = load_image_and_restore();
 	thaw_processes();
  Finish:
-	__pm_notifier_call_chain(PM_POST_RESTORE, nr_calls, NULL);
+	pm_notifier_call_chain(PM_POST_RESTORE);
+ Restore:
 	pm_restore_console();
 	pr_info("resume failed (%d)\n", error);
 	hibernate_release();
--- a/kernel/power/main.c
+++ b/kernel/power/main.c
@@ -80,18 +80,18 @@ int unregister_pm_notifier(struct notifi
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(unregister_pm_notifier);
 
-int __pm_notifier_call_chain(unsigned long val, int nr_to_call, int *nr_calls)
+int pm_notifier_call_chain_robust(unsigned long val_up, unsigned long val_down)
 {
 	int ret;
 
-	ret = __blocking_notifier_call_chain(&pm_chain_head, val, NULL,
-						nr_to_call, nr_calls);
+	ret = blocking_notifier_call_chain_robust(&pm_chain_head, val_up, val_down, NULL);
 
 	return notifier_to_errno(ret);
 }
+
 int pm_notifier_call_chain(unsigned long val)
 {
-	return __pm_notifier_call_chain(val, -1, NULL);
+	return blocking_notifier_call_chain(&pm_chain_head, val, NULL);
 }
 
 /* If set, devices may be suspended and resumed asynchronously. */
--- a/kernel/power/power.h
+++ b/kernel/power/power.h
@@ -210,8 +210,7 @@ static inline void suspend_test_finish(c
 
 #ifdef CONFIG_PM_SLEEP
 /* kernel/power/main.c */
-extern int __pm_notifier_call_chain(unsigned long val, int nr_to_call,
-				    int *nr_calls);
+extern int pm_notifier_call_chain_robust(unsigned long val_up, unsigned long val_down);
 extern int pm_notifier_call_chain(unsigned long val);
 #endif
 
--- a/kernel/power/suspend.c
+++ b/kernel/power/suspend.c
@@ -342,18 +342,16 @@ static int suspend_test(int level)
  */
 static int suspend_prepare(suspend_state_t state)
 {
-	int error, nr_calls = 0;
+	int error;
 
 	if (!sleep_state_supported(state))
 		return -EPERM;
 
 	pm_prepare_console();
 
-	error = __pm_notifier_call_chain(PM_SUSPEND_PREPARE, -1, &nr_calls);
-	if (error) {
-		nr_calls--;
-		goto Finish;
-	}
+	error = pm_notifier_call_chain_robust(PM_SUSPEND_PREPARE, PM_POST_SUSPEND);
+	if (error)
+		goto Restore;
 
 	trace_suspend_resume(TPS("freeze_processes"), 0, true);
 	error = suspend_freeze_processes();
@@ -363,8 +361,8 @@ static int suspend_prepare(suspend_state
 
 	suspend_stats.failed_freeze++;
 	dpm_save_failed_step(SUSPEND_FREEZE);
- Finish:
-	__pm_notifier_call_chain(PM_POST_SUSPEND, nr_calls, NULL);
+	pm_notifier_call_chain(PM_POST_SUSPEND);
+ Restore:
 	pm_restore_console();
 	return error;
 }
--- a/kernel/power/user.c
+++ b/kernel/power/user.c
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ int is_hibernate_resume_dev(const struct
 static int snapshot_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *filp)
 {
 	struct snapshot_data *data;
-	int error, nr_calls = 0;
+	int error;
 
 	if (!hibernation_available())
 		return -EPERM;
@@ -73,9 +73,7 @@ static int snapshot_open(struct inode *i
 			swap_type_of(swsusp_resume_device, 0, NULL) : -1;
 		data->mode = O_RDONLY;
 		data->free_bitmaps = false;
-		error = __pm_notifier_call_chain(PM_HIBERNATION_PREPARE, -1, &nr_calls);
-		if (error)
-			__pm_notifier_call_chain(PM_POST_HIBERNATION, --nr_calls, NULL);
+		error = pm_notifier_call_chain_robust(PM_HIBERNATION_PREPARE, PM_POST_HIBERNATION);
 	} else {
 		/*
 		 * Resuming.  We may need to wait for the image device to
@@ -85,15 +83,11 @@ static int snapshot_open(struct inode *i
 
 		data->swap = -1;
 		data->mode = O_WRONLY;
-		error = __pm_notifier_call_chain(PM_RESTORE_PREPARE, -1, &nr_calls);
+		error = pm_notifier_call_chain_robust(PM_RESTORE_PREPARE, PM_POST_RESTORE);
 		if (!error) {
 			error = create_basic_memory_bitmaps();
 			data->free_bitmaps = !error;
-		} else
-			nr_calls--;
-
-		if (error)
-			__pm_notifier_call_chain(PM_POST_RESTORE, nr_calls, NULL);
+		}
 	}
 	if (error)
 		hibernate_release();
--- a/tools/power/pm-graph/sleepgraph.py
+++ b/tools/power/pm-graph/sleepgraph.py
@@ -171,7 +171,7 @@ import base64
 	tracefuncs = {
 		'sys_sync': {},
 		'ksys_sync': {},
-		'__pm_notifier_call_chain': {},
+		'pm_notifier_call_chain_robust': {},
 		'pm_prepare_console': {},
 		'pm_notifier_call_chain': {},
 		'freeze_processes': {},

[PATCH v6 02/17] module: Fix up module_notifier return values

[Peter Zijlstra]

While auditing all module notifiers I noticed a whole bunch of fail
wrt the return value. Notifiers have a 'special' return semantics.

As is; NOTIFY_DONE vs NOTIFY_OK is a bit vague; but
notifier_from_errno(0) results in NOTIFY_OK and NOTIFY_DONE has a
comment that says "Don't care".

>From this I've used NOTIFY_DONE when the function completely ignores
the callback and notifier_to_error() isn't used.

Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Reviewed-by: Mathieu Desnoyers <mathieu.desnoyers@efficios.com>
Reviewed-by: Joel Fernandes (Google) <joel@joelfernandes.org>
Reviewed-by: Robert Richter <rric@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Steven Rostedt (VMware) <rostedt@goodmis.org>
---
 drivers/oprofile/buffer_sync.c |    4 ++--
 kernel/trace/bpf_trace.c       |    8 ++++++--
 kernel/trace/trace.c           |    2 +-
 kernel/trace/trace_events.c    |    2 +-
 kernel/trace/trace_printk.c    |    4 ++--
 kernel/tracepoint.c            |    2 +-
 6 files changed, 13 insertions(+), 9 deletions(-)

--- a/drivers/oprofile/buffer_sync.c
+++ b/drivers/oprofile/buffer_sync.c
@@ -116,7 +116,7 @@ module_load_notify(struct notifier_block
 {
 #ifdef CONFIG_MODULES
 	if (val != MODULE_STATE_COMING)
-		return 0;
+		return NOTIFY_DONE;
 
 	/* FIXME: should we process all CPU buffers ? */
 	mutex_lock(&buffer_mutex);
@@ -124,7 +124,7 @@ module_load_notify(struct notifier_block
 	add_event_entry(MODULE_LOADED_CODE);
 	mutex_unlock(&buffer_mutex);
 #endif
-	return 0;
+	return NOTIFY_OK;
 }
 
 
--- a/kernel/trace/bpf_trace.c
+++ b/kernel/trace/bpf_trace.c
@@ -1451,10 +1451,11 @@ static int bpf_event_notify(struct notif
 {
 	struct bpf_trace_module *btm, *tmp;
 	struct module *mod = module;
+	int ret = 0;
 
 	if (mod->num_bpf_raw_events == 0 ||
 	    (op != MODULE_STATE_COMING && op != MODULE_STATE_GOING))
-		return 0;
+		goto out;
 
 	mutex_lock(&bpf_module_mutex);
 
@@ -1464,6 +1465,8 @@ static int bpf_event_notify(struct notif
 		if (btm) {
 			btm->module = module;
 			list_add(&btm->list, &bpf_trace_modules);
+		} else {
+			ret = -ENOMEM;
 		}
 		break;
 	case MODULE_STATE_GOING:
@@ -1479,7 +1482,8 @@ static int bpf_event_notify(struct notif
 
 	mutex_unlock(&bpf_module_mutex);
 
-	return 0;
+out:
+	return notifier_from_errno(ret);
 }
 
 static struct notifier_block bpf_module_nb = {
--- a/kernel/trace/trace.c
+++ b/kernel/trace/trace.c
@@ -8696,7 +8696,7 @@ static int trace_module_notify(struct no
 		break;
 	}
 
-	return 0;
+	return NOTIFY_OK;
 }
 
 static struct notifier_block trace_module_nb = {
--- a/kernel/trace/trace_events.c
+++ b/kernel/trace/trace_events.c
@@ -2442,7 +2442,7 @@ static int trace_module_notify(struct no
 	mutex_unlock(&trace_types_lock);
 	mutex_unlock(&event_mutex);
 
-	return 0;
+	return NOTIFY_OK;
 }
 
 static struct notifier_block trace_module_nb = {
--- a/kernel/trace/trace_printk.c
+++ b/kernel/trace/trace_printk.c
@@ -95,7 +95,7 @@ static int module_trace_bprintk_format_n
 		if (val == MODULE_STATE_COMING)
 			hold_module_trace_bprintk_format(start, end);
 	}
-	return 0;
+	return NOTIFY_OK;
 }
 
 /*
@@ -173,7 +173,7 @@ __init static int
 module_trace_bprintk_format_notify(struct notifier_block *self,
 		unsigned long val, void *data)
 {
-	return 0;
+	return NOTIFY_OK;
 }
 static inline const char **
 find_next_mod_format(int start_index, void *v, const char **fmt, loff_t *pos)
--- a/kernel/tracepoint.c
+++ b/kernel/tracepoint.c
@@ -521,7 +521,7 @@ static int tracepoint_module_notify(stru
 	case MODULE_STATE_UNFORMED:
 		break;
 	}
-	return ret;
+	return notifier_from_errno(ret);
 }
 
 static struct notifier_block tracepoint_module_nb = {

[PATCH v6 03/17] module: Properly propagate MODULE_STATE_COMING failure

[Peter Zijlstra]

Now that notifiers got unbroken; use the proper interface to handle
notifier errors and propagate them.

There were already MODULE_STATE_COMING notifiers that failed; notably:

 - jump_label_module_notifier()
 - tracepoint_module_notify()
 - bpf_event_notify()

By propagating this error, we fix those users.

Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Reviewed-by: Miroslav Benes <mbenes@suse.cz>
Acked-by: Jessica Yu <jeyu@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Josh Poimboeuf <jpoimboe@redhat.com>
---
 kernel/module.c |   10 +++++++---
 1 file changed, 7 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)

--- a/kernel/module.c
+++ b/kernel/module.c
@@ -3751,9 +3751,13 @@ static int prepare_coming_module(struct
 	if (err)
 		return err;
 
-	blocking_notifier_call_chain(&module_notify_list,
-				     MODULE_STATE_COMING, mod);
-	return 0;
+	err = blocking_notifier_call_chain_robust(&module_notify_list,
+			MODULE_STATE_COMING, MODULE_STATE_GOING, mod);
+	err = notifier_to_errno(err);
+	if (err)
+		klp_module_going(mod);
+
+	return err;
 }
 
 static int unknown_module_param_cb(char *param, char *val, const char *modname,

[PATCH v6 04/17] jump_label,module: Fix module lifetime for __jump_label_mod_text_reserved

[Peter Zijlstra]

Nothing ensures the module exists while we're iterating
mod->jump_entries in __jump_label_mod_text_reserved(), take a module
reference to ensure the module sticks around.

Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Reviewed-by: Steven Rostedt (VMware) <rostedt@goodmis.org>
---
 kernel/jump_label.c |   10 ++++++++--
 1 file changed, 8 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

--- a/kernel/jump_label.c
+++ b/kernel/jump_label.c
@@ -539,19 +539,25 @@ static void static_key_set_mod(struct st
 static int __jump_label_mod_text_reserved(void *start, void *end)
 {
 	struct module *mod;
+	int ret;
 
 	preempt_disable();
 	mod = __module_text_address((unsigned long)start);
 	WARN_ON_ONCE(__module_text_address((unsigned long)end) != mod);
+	if (!try_module_get(mod))
+		mod = NULL;
 	preempt_enable();
 
 	if (!mod)
 		return 0;
 
-
-	return __jump_label_text_reserved(mod->jump_entries,
+	ret = __jump_label_text_reserved(mod->jump_entries,
 				mod->jump_entries + mod->num_jump_entries,
 				start, end);
+
+	module_put(mod);
+
+	return ret;
 }
 
 static void __jump_label_mod_update(struct static_key *key)

[PATCH v6 05/17] compiler.h: Make __ADDRESSABLE() symbol truly unique

[Peter Zijlstra]

From: Josh Poimboeuf <jpoimboe@redhat.com>

The __ADDRESSABLE() macro uses the __LINE__ macro to create a temporary
symbol which has a unique name.  However, if the macro is used multiple
times from within another macro, the line number will always be the
same, resulting in duplicate symbols.

Make the temporary symbols truly unique by using __UNIQUE_ID instead of
__LINE__.

Signed-off-by: Josh Poimboeuf <jpoimboe@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Acked-by: Ard Biesheuvel <ard.biesheuvel@linaro.org>
---
 include/linux/compiler.h |    2 +-
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)

--- a/include/linux/compiler.h
+++ b/include/linux/compiler.h
@@ -299,7 +299,7 @@ unsigned long read_word_at_a_time(const
  */
 #define __ADDRESSABLE(sym) \
 	static void * __section(.discard.addressable) __used \
-		__PASTE(__addressable_##sym, __LINE__) = (void *)&sym;
+		__UNIQUE_ID(__PASTE(__addressable_,sym)) = (void *)&sym;
 
 /**
  * offset_to_ptr - convert a relative memory offset to an absolute pointer

[PATCH v6 06/17] static_call: Add basic static call infrastructure

[Peter Zijlstra]

From: Josh Poimboeuf <jpoimboe@redhat.com>

Static calls are a replacement for global function pointers.  They use
code patching to allow direct calls to be used instead of indirect
calls.  They give the flexibility of function pointers, but with
improved performance.  This is especially important for cases where
retpolines would otherwise be used, as retpolines can significantly
impact performance.

The concept and code are an extension of previous work done by Ard
Biesheuvel and Steven Rostedt:

  https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20181005081333.15018-1-ard.biesheuvel@linaro.org
  https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20181006015110.653946300@goodmis.org

There are two implementations, depending on arch support:

 1) out-of-line: patched trampolines (CONFIG_HAVE_STATIC_CALL)
 2) basic function pointers

For more details, see the comments in include/linux/static_call.h.

[peterz: simplified interface]
Signed-off-by: Josh Poimboeuf <jpoimboe@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
---
 arch/Kconfig                      |    3 
 include/linux/static_call.h       |  156 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 include/linux/static_call_types.h |   15 +++
 3 files changed, 174 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 include/linux/static_call.h
 create mode 100644 include/linux/static_call_types.h

--- a/arch/Kconfig
+++ b/arch/Kconfig
@@ -960,6 +960,9 @@ config HAVE_SPARSE_SYSCALL_NR
 	  entries at 4000, 5000 and 6000 locations. This option turns on syscall
 	  related optimizations for a given architecture.
 
+config HAVE_STATIC_CALL
+	bool
+
 source "kernel/gcov/Kconfig"
 
 source "scripts/gcc-plugins/Kconfig"
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/linux/static_call.h
@@ -0,0 +1,156 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
+#ifndef _LINUX_STATIC_CALL_H
+#define _LINUX_STATIC_CALL_H
+
+/*
+ * Static call support
+ *
+ * Static calls use code patching to hard-code function pointers into direct
+ * branch instructions. They give the flexibility of function pointers, but
+ * with improved performance. This is especially important for cases where
+ * retpolines would otherwise be used, as retpolines can significantly impact
+ * performance.
+ *
+ *
+ * API overview:
+ *
+ *   DECLARE_STATIC_CALL(name, func);
+ *   DEFINE_STATIC_CALL(name, func);
+ *   static_call(name)(args...);
+ *   static_call_update(name, func);
+ *
+ * Usage example:
+ *
+ *   # Start with the following functions (with identical prototypes):
+ *   int func_a(int arg1, int arg2);
+ *   int func_b(int arg1, int arg2);
+ *
+ *   # Define a 'my_name' reference, associated with func_a() by default
+ *   DEFINE_STATIC_CALL(my_name, func_a);
+ *
+ *   # Call func_a()
+ *   static_call(my_name)(arg1, arg2);
+ *
+ *   # Update 'my_name' to point to func_b()
+ *   static_call_update(my_name, &func_b);
+ *
+ *   # Call func_b()
+ *   static_call(my_name)(arg1, arg2);
+ *
+ *
+ * Implementation details:
+ *
+ *   This requires some arch-specific code (CONFIG_HAVE_STATIC_CALL).
+ *   Otherwise basic indirect calls are used (with function pointers).
+ *
+ *   Each static_call() site calls into a trampoline associated with the name.
+ *   The trampoline has a direct branch to the default function.  Updates to a
+ *   name will modify the trampoline's branch destination.
+ *
+ *   If the arch has CONFIG_HAVE_STATIC_CALL_INLINE, then the call sites
+ *   themselves will be patched at runtime to call the functions directly,
+ *   rather than calling through the trampoline.  This requires objtool or a
+ *   compiler plugin to detect all the static_call() sites and annotate them
+ *   in the .static_call_sites section.
+ */
+
+#include <linux/types.h>
+#include <linux/cpu.h>
+#include <linux/static_call_types.h>
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_HAVE_STATIC_CALL
+#include <asm/static_call.h>
+
+/*
+ * Either @site or @tramp can be NULL.
+ */
+extern void arch_static_call_transform(void *site, void *tramp, void *func);
+
+#define STATIC_CALL_TRAMP_ADDR(name) &STATIC_CALL_TRAMP(name)
+
+/*
+ * __ADDRESSABLE() is used to ensure the key symbol doesn't get stripped from
+ * the symbol table so that objtool can reference it when it generates the
+ * .static_call_sites section.
+ */
+#define __static_call(name)						\
+({									\
+	__ADDRESSABLE(STATIC_CALL_KEY(name));				\
+	&STATIC_CALL_TRAMP(name);					\
+})
+
+#else
+#define STATIC_CALL_TRAMP_ADDR(name) NULL
+#endif
+
+
+#define DECLARE_STATIC_CALL(name, func)					\
+	extern struct static_call_key STATIC_CALL_KEY(name);		\
+	extern typeof(func) STATIC_CALL_TRAMP(name);
+
+#define static_call_update(name, func)					\
+({									\
+	BUILD_BUG_ON(!__same_type(*(func), STATIC_CALL_TRAMP(name)));	\
+	__static_call_update(&STATIC_CALL_KEY(name),			\
+			     STATIC_CALL_TRAMP_ADDR(name), func);	\
+})
+
+#if defined(CONFIG_HAVE_STATIC_CALL)
+
+struct static_call_key {
+	void *func;
+};
+
+#define DEFINE_STATIC_CALL(name, _func)					\
+	DECLARE_STATIC_CALL(name, _func);				\
+	struct static_call_key STATIC_CALL_KEY(name) = {		\
+		.func = _func,						\
+	};								\
+	ARCH_DEFINE_STATIC_CALL_TRAMP(name, _func)
+
+#define static_call(name)	__static_call(name)
+
+static inline
+void __static_call_update(struct static_call_key *key, void *tramp, void *func)
+{
+	cpus_read_lock();
+	WRITE_ONCE(key->func, func);
+	arch_static_call_transform(NULL, tramp, func);
+	cpus_read_unlock();
+}
+
+#define EXPORT_STATIC_CALL(name)					\
+	EXPORT_SYMBOL(STATIC_CALL_KEY(name));				\
+	EXPORT_SYMBOL(STATIC_CALL_TRAMP(name))
+
+#define EXPORT_STATIC_CALL_GPL(name)					\
+	EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(STATIC_CALL_KEY(name));			\
+	EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(STATIC_CALL_TRAMP(name))
+
+#else /* Generic implementation */
+
+struct static_call_key {
+	void *func;
+};
+
+#define DEFINE_STATIC_CALL(name, _func)					\
+	DECLARE_STATIC_CALL(name, _func);				\
+	struct static_call_key STATIC_CALL_KEY(name) = {		\
+		.func = _func,						\
+	}
+
+#define static_call(name)						\
+	((typeof(STATIC_CALL_TRAMP(name))*)(STATIC_CALL_KEY(name).func))
+
+static inline
+void __static_call_update(struct static_call_key *key, void *tramp, void *func)
+{
+	WRITE_ONCE(key->func, func);
+}
+
+#define EXPORT_STATIC_CALL(name)	EXPORT_SYMBOL(STATIC_CALL_KEY(name))
+#define EXPORT_STATIC_CALL_GPL(name)	EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(STATIC_CALL_KEY(name))
+
+#endif /* CONFIG_HAVE_STATIC_CALL */
+
+#endif /* _LINUX_STATIC_CALL_H */
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/linux/static_call_types.h
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
+#ifndef _STATIC_CALL_TYPES_H
+#define _STATIC_CALL_TYPES_H
+
+#include <linux/stringify.h>
+
+#define STATIC_CALL_KEY_PREFIX		__SCK__
+#define STATIC_CALL_KEY(name)		__PASTE(STATIC_CALL_KEY_PREFIX, name)
+
+#define STATIC_CALL_TRAMP_PREFIX	__SCT__
+#define STATIC_CALL_TRAMP_PREFIX_STR	__stringify(STATIC_CALL_TRAMP_PREFIX)
+#define STATIC_CALL_TRAMP(name)		__PASTE(STATIC_CALL_TRAMP_PREFIX, name)
+#define STATIC_CALL_TRAMP_STR(name)	__stringify(STATIC_CALL_TRAMP(name))
+
+#endif /* _STATIC_CALL_TYPES_H */

[PATCH v6 07/17] static_call: Add inline static call infrastructure

[Peter Zijlstra]

From: Josh Poimboeuf <jpoimboe@redhat.com>

Add infrastructure for an arch-specific CONFIG_HAVE_STATIC_CALL_INLINE
option, which is a faster version of CONFIG_HAVE_STATIC_CALL.  At
runtime, the static call sites are patched directly, rather than using
the out-of-line trampolines.

Compared to out-of-line static calls, the performance benefits are more
modest, but still measurable.  Steven Rostedt did some tracepoint
measurements:

  https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20181126155405.72b4f718@gandalf.local.home

This code is heavily inspired by the jump label code (aka "static
jumps"), as some of the concepts are very similar.

For more details, see the comments in include/linux/static_call.h.

[peterz: simplified interface; merged trampolines]
Signed-off-by: Josh Poimboeuf <jpoimboe@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
---
 arch/Kconfig                      |    4 
 include/asm-generic/vmlinux.lds.h |    7 
 include/linux/module.h            |    5 
 include/linux/static_call.h       |   36 ++++
 include/linux/static_call_types.h |   13 +
 kernel/Makefile                   |    1 
 kernel/module.c                   |    5 
 kernel/static_call.c              |  303 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 8 files changed, 373 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)
 create mode 100644 kernel/static_call.c

--- a/arch/Kconfig
+++ b/arch/Kconfig
@@ -982,6 +982,10 @@ config HAVE_SPARSE_SYSCALL_NR
 config HAVE_STATIC_CALL
 	bool
 
+config HAVE_STATIC_CALL_INLINE
+	bool
+	depends on HAVE_STATIC_CALL
+
 source "kernel/gcov/Kconfig"
 
 source "scripts/gcc-plugins/Kconfig"
--- a/include/asm-generic/vmlinux.lds.h
+++ b/include/asm-generic/vmlinux.lds.h
@@ -368,6 +368,12 @@
 	KEEP(*(__jump_table))						\
 	__stop___jump_table = .;
 
+#define STATIC_CALL_DATA						\
+	. = ALIGN(8);							\
+	__start_static_call_sites = .;					\
+	KEEP(*(.static_call_sites))					\
+	__stop_static_call_sites = .;
+
 /*
  * Allow architectures to handle ro_after_init data on their
  * own by defining an empty RO_AFTER_INIT_DATA.
@@ -377,6 +383,7 @@
 	__start_ro_after_init = .;					\
 	*(.data..ro_after_init)						\
 	JUMP_TABLE_DATA							\
+	STATIC_CALL_DATA						\
 	__end_ro_after_init = .;
 #endif
 
--- a/include/linux/module.h
+++ b/include/linux/module.h
@@ -25,6 +25,7 @@
 #include <linux/error-injection.h>
 #include <linux/tracepoint-defs.h>
 #include <linux/srcu.h>
+#include <linux/static_call_types.h>
 
 #include <linux/percpu.h>
 #include <asm/module.h>
@@ -497,6 +498,10 @@ struct module {
 	unsigned long *kprobe_blacklist;
 	unsigned int num_kprobe_blacklist;
 #endif
+#ifdef CONFIG_HAVE_STATIC_CALL_INLINE
+	int num_static_call_sites;
+	struct static_call_site *static_call_sites;
+#endif
 
 #ifdef CONFIG_LIVEPATCH
 	bool klp; /* Is this a livepatch module? */
--- a/include/linux/static_call.h
+++ b/include/linux/static_call.h
@@ -95,7 +95,41 @@ extern void arch_static_call_transform(v
 			     STATIC_CALL_TRAMP_ADDR(name), func);	\
 })
 
-#if defined(CONFIG_HAVE_STATIC_CALL)
+#ifdef CONFIG_HAVE_STATIC_CALL_INLINE
+
+struct static_call_mod {
+	struct static_call_mod *next;
+	struct module *mod; /* for vmlinux, mod == NULL */
+	struct static_call_site *sites;
+};
+
+struct static_call_key {
+	void *func;
+	struct static_call_mod *mods;
+};
+
+extern void __static_call_update(struct static_call_key *key, void *tramp, void *func);
+extern int static_call_mod_init(struct module *mod);
+
+#define DEFINE_STATIC_CALL(name, _func)					\
+	DECLARE_STATIC_CALL(name, _func);				\
+	struct static_call_key STATIC_CALL_KEY(name) = {		\
+		.func = _func,						\
+		.mods = NULL,						\
+	};								\
+	ARCH_DEFINE_STATIC_CALL_TRAMP(name, _func)
+
+#define static_call(name)	__static_call(name)
+
+#define EXPORT_STATIC_CALL(name)					\
+	EXPORT_SYMBOL(STATIC_CALL_KEY(name));				\
+	EXPORT_SYMBOL(STATIC_CALL_TRAMP(name))
+
+#define EXPORT_STATIC_CALL_GPL(name)					\
+	EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(STATIC_CALL_KEY(name));			\
+	EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(STATIC_CALL_TRAMP(name))
+
+#elif defined(CONFIG_HAVE_STATIC_CALL)
 
 struct static_call_key {
 	void *func;
--- a/include/linux/static_call_types.h
+++ b/include/linux/static_call_types.h
@@ -2,14 +2,27 @@
 #ifndef _STATIC_CALL_TYPES_H
 #define _STATIC_CALL_TYPES_H
 
+#include <linux/types.h>
 #include <linux/stringify.h>
 
 #define STATIC_CALL_KEY_PREFIX		__SCK__
+#define STATIC_CALL_KEY_PREFIX_STR	__stringify(STATIC_CALL_KEY_PREFIX)
+#define STATIC_CALL_KEY_PREFIX_LEN	(sizeof(STATIC_CALL_KEY_PREFIX_STR) - 1)
 #define STATIC_CALL_KEY(name)		__PASTE(STATIC_CALL_KEY_PREFIX, name)
 
 #define STATIC_CALL_TRAMP_PREFIX	__SCT__
 #define STATIC_CALL_TRAMP_PREFIX_STR	__stringify(STATIC_CALL_TRAMP_PREFIX)
+#define STATIC_CALL_TRAMP_PREFIX_LEN	(sizeof(STATIC_CALL_TRAMP_PREFIX_STR) - 1)
 #define STATIC_CALL_TRAMP(name)		__PASTE(STATIC_CALL_TRAMP_PREFIX, name)
 #define STATIC_CALL_TRAMP_STR(name)	__stringify(STATIC_CALL_TRAMP(name))
 
+/*
+ * The static call site table needs to be created by external tooling (objtool
+ * or a compiler plugin).
+ */
+struct static_call_site {
+	s32 addr;
+	s32 key;
+};
+
 #endif /* _STATIC_CALL_TYPES_H */
--- a/kernel/Makefile
+++ b/kernel/Makefile
@@ -109,6 +109,7 @@ obj-$(CONFIG_CPU_PM) += cpu_pm.o
 obj-$(CONFIG_BPF) += bpf/
 obj-$(CONFIG_KCSAN) += kcsan/
 obj-$(CONFIG_SHADOW_CALL_STACK) += scs.o
+obj-$(CONFIG_HAVE_STATIC_CALL_INLINE) += static_call.o
 
 obj-$(CONFIG_PERF_EVENTS) += events/
 
--- a/kernel/module.c
+++ b/kernel/module.c
@@ -3226,6 +3226,11 @@ static int find_module_sections(struct m
 						sizeof(unsigned long),
 						&mod->num_kprobe_blacklist);
 #endif
+#ifdef CONFIG_HAVE_STATIC_CALL_INLINE
+	mod->static_call_sites = section_objs(info, ".static_call_sites",
+					      sizeof(*mod->static_call_sites),
+					      &mod->num_static_call_sites);
+#endif
 	mod->extable = section_objs(info, "__ex_table",
 				    sizeof(*mod->extable), &mod->num_exentries);
 
--- /dev/null
+++ b/kernel/static_call.c
@@ -0,0 +1,303 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
+#include <linux/init.h>
+#include <linux/static_call.h>
+#include <linux/bug.h>
+#include <linux/smp.h>
+#include <linux/sort.h>
+#include <linux/slab.h>
+#include <linux/module.h>
+#include <linux/cpu.h>
+#include <linux/processor.h>
+#include <asm/sections.h>
+
+extern struct static_call_site __start_static_call_sites[],
+			       __stop_static_call_sites[];
+
+static bool static_call_initialized;
+
+#define STATIC_CALL_INIT 1UL
+
+/* mutex to protect key modules/sites */
+static DEFINE_MUTEX(static_call_mutex);
+
+static void static_call_lock(void)
+{
+	mutex_lock(&static_call_mutex);
+}
+
+static void static_call_unlock(void)
+{
+	mutex_unlock(&static_call_mutex);
+}
+
+static inline void *static_call_addr(struct static_call_site *site)
+{
+	return (void *)((long)site->addr + (long)&site->addr);
+}
+
+
+static inline struct static_call_key *static_call_key(const struct static_call_site *site)
+{
+	return (struct static_call_key *)
+		(((long)site->key + (long)&site->key) & ~STATIC_CALL_INIT);
+}
+
+/* These assume the key is word-aligned. */
+static inline bool static_call_is_init(struct static_call_site *site)
+{
+	return ((long)site->key + (long)&site->key) & STATIC_CALL_INIT;
+}
+
+static inline void static_call_set_init(struct static_call_site *site)
+{
+	site->key = ((long)static_call_key(site) | STATIC_CALL_INIT) -
+		    (long)&site->key;
+}
+
+static int static_call_site_cmp(const void *_a, const void *_b)
+{
+	const struct static_call_site *a = _a;
+	const struct static_call_site *b = _b;
+	const struct static_call_key *key_a = static_call_key(a);
+	const struct static_call_key *key_b = static_call_key(b);
+
+	if (key_a < key_b)
+		return -1;
+
+	if (key_a > key_b)
+		return 1;
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void static_call_site_swap(void *_a, void *_b, int size)
+{
+	long delta = (unsigned long)_a - (unsigned long)_b;
+	struct static_call_site *a = _a;
+	struct static_call_site *b = _b;
+	struct static_call_site tmp = *a;
+
+	a->addr = b->addr  - delta;
+	a->key  = b->key   - delta;
+
+	b->addr = tmp.addr + delta;
+	b->key  = tmp.key  + delta;
+}
+
+static inline void static_call_sort_entries(struct static_call_site *start,
+					    struct static_call_site *stop)
+{
+	sort(start, stop - start, sizeof(struct static_call_site),
+	     static_call_site_cmp, static_call_site_swap);
+}
+
+void __static_call_update(struct static_call_key *key, void *tramp, void *func)
+{
+	struct static_call_site *site, *stop;
+	struct static_call_mod *site_mod;
+
+	cpus_read_lock();
+	static_call_lock();
+
+	if (key->func == func)
+		goto done;
+
+	key->func = func;
+
+	arch_static_call_transform(NULL, tramp, func);
+
+	/*
+	 * If uninitialized, we'll not update the callsites, but they still
+	 * point to the trampoline and we just patched that.
+	 */
+	if (WARN_ON_ONCE(!static_call_initialized))
+		goto done;
+
+	for (site_mod = key->mods; site_mod; site_mod = site_mod->next) {
+		struct module *mod = site_mod->mod;
+
+		if (!site_mod->sites) {
+			/*
+			 * This can happen if the static call key is defined in
+			 * a module which doesn't use it.
+			 */
+			continue;
+		}
+
+		stop = __stop_static_call_sites;
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_MODULES
+		if (mod) {
+			stop = mod->static_call_sites +
+			       mod->num_static_call_sites;
+		}
+#endif
+
+		for (site = site_mod->sites;
+		     site < stop && static_call_key(site) == key; site++) {
+			void *site_addr = static_call_addr(site);
+
+			if (static_call_is_init(site)) {
+				/*
+				 * Don't write to call sites which were in
+				 * initmem and have since been freed.
+				 */
+				if (!mod && system_state >= SYSTEM_RUNNING)
+					continue;
+				if (mod && !within_module_init((unsigned long)site_addr, mod))
+					continue;
+			}
+
+			if (!kernel_text_address((unsigned long)site_addr)) {
+				WARN_ONCE(1, "can't patch static call site at %pS",
+					  site_addr);
+				continue;
+			}
+
+			arch_static_call_transform(site_addr, NULL, func);
+		}
+	}
+
+done:
+	static_call_unlock();
+	cpus_read_unlock();
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(__static_call_update);
+
+static int __static_call_init(struct module *mod,
+			      struct static_call_site *start,
+			      struct static_call_site *stop)
+{
+	struct static_call_site *site;
+	struct static_call_key *key, *prev_key = NULL;
+	struct static_call_mod *site_mod;
+
+	if (start == stop)
+		return 0;
+
+	static_call_sort_entries(start, stop);
+
+	for (site = start; site < stop; site++) {
+		void *site_addr = static_call_addr(site);
+
+		if ((mod && within_module_init((unsigned long)site_addr, mod)) ||
+		    (!mod && init_section_contains(site_addr, 1)))
+			static_call_set_init(site);
+
+		key = static_call_key(site);
+		if (key != prev_key) {
+			prev_key = key;
+
+			site_mod = kzalloc(sizeof(*site_mod), GFP_KERNEL);
+			if (!site_mod)
+				return -ENOMEM;
+
+			site_mod->mod = mod;
+			site_mod->sites = site;
+			site_mod->next = key->mods;
+			key->mods = site_mod;
+		}
+
+		arch_static_call_transform(site_addr, NULL, key->func);
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_MODULES
+
+static int static_call_add_module(struct module *mod)
+{
+	return __static_call_init(mod, mod->static_call_sites,
+				  mod->static_call_sites + mod->num_static_call_sites);
+}
+
+static void static_call_del_module(struct module *mod)
+{
+	struct static_call_site *start = mod->static_call_sites;
+	struct static_call_site *stop = mod->static_call_sites +
+					mod->num_static_call_sites;
+	struct static_call_key *key, *prev_key = NULL;
+	struct static_call_mod *site_mod, **prev;
+	struct static_call_site *site;
+
+	for (site = start; site < stop; site++) {
+		key = static_call_key(site);
+		if (key == prev_key)
+			continue;
+
+		prev_key = key;
+
+		for (prev = &key->mods, site_mod = key->mods;
+		     site_mod && site_mod->mod != mod;
+		     prev = &site_mod->next, site_mod = site_mod->next)
+			;
+
+		if (!site_mod)
+			continue;
+
+		*prev = site_mod->next;
+		kfree(site_mod);
+	}
+}
+
+static int static_call_module_notify(struct notifier_block *nb,
+				     unsigned long val, void *data)
+{
+	struct module *mod = data;
+	int ret = 0;
+
+	cpus_read_lock();
+	static_call_lock();
+
+	switch (val) {
+	case MODULE_STATE_COMING:
+		ret = static_call_add_module(mod);
+		if (ret) {
+			WARN(1, "Failed to allocate memory for static calls");
+			static_call_del_module(mod);
+		}
+		break;
+	case MODULE_STATE_GOING:
+		static_call_del_module(mod);
+		break;
+	}
+
+	static_call_unlock();
+	cpus_read_unlock();
+
+	return notifier_from_errno(ret);
+}
+
+static struct notifier_block static_call_module_nb = {
+	.notifier_call = static_call_module_notify,
+};
+
+#endif /* CONFIG_MODULES */
+
+static void __init static_call_init(void)
+{
+	int ret;
+
+	if (static_call_initialized)
+		return;
+
+	cpus_read_lock();
+	static_call_lock();
+	ret = __static_call_init(NULL, __start_static_call_sites,
+				 __stop_static_call_sites);
+	static_call_unlock();
+	cpus_read_unlock();
+
+	if (ret) {
+		pr_err("Failed to allocate memory for static_call!\n");
+		BUG();
+	}
+
+	static_call_initialized = true;
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_MODULES
+	register_module_notifier(&static_call_module_nb);
+#endif
+}
+early_initcall(static_call_init);

[PATCH v6 08/17] static_call: Avoid kprobes on inline static_call()s

[Peter Zijlstra]

Similar to how we disallow kprobes on any other dynamic text
(ftrace/jump_label) also disallow kprobes on inline static_call()s.

Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
---
 arch/x86/kernel/kprobes/opt.c |    4 +-
 include/linux/static_call.h   |   11 +++++++
 kernel/kprobes.c              |    2 +
 kernel/static_call.c          |   64 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 4 files changed, 80 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)

--- a/arch/x86/kernel/kprobes/opt.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/kprobes/opt.c
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@
 #include <linux/ftrace.h>
 #include <linux/frame.h>
 #include <linux/pgtable.h>
+#include <linux/static_call.h>
 
 #include <asm/text-patching.h>
 #include <asm/cacheflush.h>
@@ -209,7 +210,8 @@ static int copy_optimized_instructions(u
 	/* Check whether the address range is reserved */
 	if (ftrace_text_reserved(src, src + len - 1) ||
 	    alternatives_text_reserved(src, src + len - 1) ||
-	    jump_label_text_reserved(src, src + len - 1))
+	    jump_label_text_reserved(src, src + len - 1) ||
+	    static_call_text_reserved(src, src + len - 1))
 		return -EBUSY;
 
 	return len;
--- a/include/linux/static_call.h
+++ b/include/linux/static_call.h
@@ -110,6 +110,7 @@ struct static_call_key {
 
 extern void __static_call_update(struct static_call_key *key, void *tramp, void *func);
 extern int static_call_mod_init(struct module *mod);
+extern int static_call_text_reserved(void *start, void *end);
 
 #define DEFINE_STATIC_CALL(name, _func)					\
 	DECLARE_STATIC_CALL(name, _func);				\
@@ -153,6 +154,11 @@ void __static_call_update(struct static_
 	cpus_read_unlock();
 }
 
+static inline int static_call_text_reserved(void *start, void *end)
+{
+	return 0;
+}
+
 #define EXPORT_STATIC_CALL(name)					\
 	EXPORT_SYMBOL(STATIC_CALL_KEY(name));				\
 	EXPORT_SYMBOL(STATIC_CALL_TRAMP(name))
@@ -182,6 +188,11 @@ void __static_call_update(struct static_
 	WRITE_ONCE(key->func, func);
 }
 
+static inline int static_call_text_reserved(void *start, void *end)
+{
+	return 0;
+}
+
 #define EXPORT_STATIC_CALL(name)	EXPORT_SYMBOL(STATIC_CALL_KEY(name))
 #define EXPORT_STATIC_CALL_GPL(name)	EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(STATIC_CALL_KEY(name))
 
--- a/kernel/kprobes.c
+++ b/kernel/kprobes.c
@@ -35,6 +35,7 @@
 #include <linux/ftrace.h>
 #include <linux/cpu.h>
 #include <linux/jump_label.h>
+#include <linux/static_call.h>
 
 #include <asm/sections.h>
 #include <asm/cacheflush.h>
@@ -1591,6 +1592,7 @@ static int check_kprobe_address_safe(str
 	if (!kernel_text_address((unsigned long) p->addr) ||
 	    within_kprobe_blacklist((unsigned long) p->addr) ||
 	    jump_label_text_reserved(p->addr, p->addr) ||
+	    static_call_text_reserved(p->addr, p->addr) ||
 	    find_bug((unsigned long)p->addr)) {
 		ret = -EINVAL;
 		goto out;
--- a/kernel/static_call.c
+++ b/kernel/static_call.c
@@ -204,8 +204,58 @@ static int __static_call_init(struct mod
 	return 0;
 }
 
+static int addr_conflict(struct static_call_site *site, void *start, void *end)
+{
+	unsigned long addr = (unsigned long)static_call_addr(site);
+
+	if (addr <= (unsigned long)end &&
+	    addr + CALL_INSN_SIZE > (unsigned long)start)
+		return 1;
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int __static_call_text_reserved(struct static_call_site *iter_start,
+				       struct static_call_site *iter_stop,
+				       void *start, void *end)
+{
+	struct static_call_site *iter = iter_start;
+
+	while (iter < iter_stop) {
+		if (addr_conflict(iter, start, end))
+			return 1;
+		iter++;
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
 #ifdef CONFIG_MODULES
 
+static int __static_call_mod_text_reserved(void *start, void *end)
+{
+	struct module *mod;
+	int ret;
+
+	preempt_disable();
+	mod = __module_text_address((unsigned long)start);
+	WARN_ON_ONCE(__module_text_address((unsigned long)end) != mod);
+	if (!try_module_get(mod))
+		mod = NULL;
+	preempt_enable();
+
+	if (!mod)
+		return 0;
+
+	ret = __static_call_text_reserved(mod->static_call_sites,
+			mod->static_call_sites + mod->num_static_call_sites,
+			start, end);
+
+	module_put(mod);
+
+	return ret;
+}
+
 static int static_call_add_module(struct module *mod)
 {
 	return __static_call_init(mod, mod->static_call_sites,
@@ -275,6 +325,20 @@ static struct notifier_block static_call
 
 #endif /* CONFIG_MODULES */
 
+int static_call_text_reserved(void *start, void *end)
+{
+	int ret = __static_call_text_reserved(__start_static_call_sites,
+			__stop_static_call_sites, start, end);
+
+	if (ret)
+		return ret;
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_MODULES
+	ret = __static_call_mod_text_reserved(start, end);
+#endif
+	return ret;
+}
+
 static void __init static_call_init(void)
 {
 	int ret;

[PATCH v6 09/17] x86/static_call: Add out-of-line static call implementation

[Peter Zijlstra]

From: Josh Poimboeuf <jpoimboe@redhat.com>

Add the x86 out-of-line static call implementation.  For each key, a
permanent trampoline is created which is the destination for all static
calls for the given key.  The trampoline has a direct jump which gets
patched by static_call_update() when the destination function changes.

[peterz: fixed trampoline, rewrote patching code]
Signed-off-by: Josh Poimboeuf <jpoimboe@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
---
 arch/x86/Kconfig                   |    1 +
 arch/x86/include/asm/static_call.h |   23 +++++++++++++++++++++++
 arch/x86/kernel/Makefile           |    1 +
 arch/x86/kernel/static_call.c      |   31 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 4 files changed, 56 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 arch/x86/include/asm/static_call.h
 create mode 100644 arch/x86/kernel/static_call.c

--- a/arch/x86/Kconfig
+++ b/arch/x86/Kconfig
@@ -211,6 +211,7 @@ config X86
 	select HAVE_FUNCTION_ARG_ACCESS_API
 	select HAVE_STACKPROTECTOR		if CC_HAS_SANE_STACKPROTECTOR
 	select HAVE_STACK_VALIDATION		if X86_64
+	select HAVE_STATIC_CALL
 	select HAVE_RSEQ
 	select HAVE_SYSCALL_TRACEPOINTS
 	select HAVE_UNSTABLE_SCHED_CLOCK
--- /dev/null
+++ b/arch/x86/include/asm/static_call.h
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
+#ifndef _ASM_STATIC_CALL_H
+#define _ASM_STATIC_CALL_H
+
+#include <asm/text-patching.h>
+
+/*
+ * For CONFIG_HAVE_STATIC_CALL, this is a permanent trampoline which
+ * does a direct jump to the function.  The direct jump gets patched by
+ * static_call_update().
+ */
+#define ARCH_DEFINE_STATIC_CALL_TRAMP(name, func)			\
+	asm(".pushsection .text, \"ax\"				\n"	\
+	    ".align 4						\n"	\
+	    ".globl " STATIC_CALL_TRAMP_STR(name) "		\n"	\
+	    STATIC_CALL_TRAMP_STR(name) ":			\n"	\
+	    "	.byte 0xe9 # jmp.d32				\n"	\
+	    "	.long " #func " - (. + 4)			\n"	\
+	    ".type " STATIC_CALL_TRAMP_STR(name) ", @function	\n"	\
+	    ".size " STATIC_CALL_TRAMP_STR(name) ", . - " STATIC_CALL_TRAMP_STR(name) " \n" \
+	    ".popsection					\n")
+
+#endif /* _ASM_STATIC_CALL_H */
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/Makefile
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/Makefile
@@ -68,6 +68,7 @@ obj-y			+= tsc.o tsc_msr.o io_delay.o rt
 obj-y			+= pci-iommu_table.o
 obj-y			+= resource.o
 obj-y			+= irqflags.o
+obj-y			+= static_call.o
 
 obj-y				+= process.o
 obj-y				+= fpu/
--- /dev/null
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/static_call.c
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
+#include <linux/static_call.h>
+#include <linux/memory.h>
+#include <linux/bug.h>
+#include <asm/text-patching.h>
+
+static void __static_call_transform(void *insn, u8 opcode, void *func)
+{
+	const void *code = text_gen_insn(opcode, (long)insn, (long)func);
+
+	if (WARN_ONCE(*(u8 *)insn != opcode,
+		      "unexpected static call insn opcode 0x%x at %pS\n",
+		      opcode, insn))
+		return;
+
+	if (memcmp(insn, code, CALL_INSN_SIZE) == 0)
+		return;
+
+	text_poke_bp(insn, code, CALL_INSN_SIZE, NULL);
+}
+
+void arch_static_call_transform(void *site, void *tramp, void *func)
+{
+	mutex_lock(&text_mutex);
+
+	if (tramp)
+		__static_call_transform(tramp, JMP32_INSN_OPCODE, func);
+
+	mutex_unlock(&text_mutex);
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(arch_static_call_transform);

[PATCH v6 10/17] x86/static_call: Add inline static call implementation for x86-64

[Peter Zijlstra]

From: Josh Poimboeuf <jpoimboe@redhat.com>

Add the inline static call implementation for x86-64. The generated code
is identical to the out-of-line case, except we move the trampoline into
it's own section.

Objtool uses the trampoline naming convention to detect all the call
sites. It then annotates those call sites in the .static_call_sites
section.

During boot (and module init), the call sites are patched to call
directly into the destination function.  The temporary trampoline is
then no longer used.

[peterz: merged trampolines, put trampoline in section]
Signed-off-by: Josh Poimboeuf <jpoimboe@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
---
 arch/x86/Kconfig                        |    3 
 arch/x86/include/asm/static_call.h      |   13 +++
 arch/x86/kernel/static_call.c           |    5 +
 arch/x86/kernel/vmlinux.lds.S           |    1 
 include/asm-generic/vmlinux.lds.h       |    6 +
 tools/include/linux/static_call_types.h |   28 +++++++
 tools/objtool/check.c                   |  126 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 tools/objtool/check.h                   |    1 
 tools/objtool/elf.c                     |    8 +-
 tools/objtool/elf.h                     |    3 
 tools/objtool/objtool.h                 |    1 
 tools/objtool/orc_gen.c                 |    4 -
 tools/objtool/sync-check.sh             |    1 
 13 files changed, 190 insertions(+), 10 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 tools/objtool/include/linux/static_call_types.h

--- a/arch/x86/Kconfig
+++ b/arch/x86/Kconfig
@@ -214,6 +214,7 @@ config X86
 	select HAVE_STACKPROTECTOR		if CC_HAS_SANE_STACKPROTECTOR
 	select HAVE_STACK_VALIDATION		if X86_64
 	select HAVE_STATIC_CALL
+	select HAVE_STATIC_CALL_INLINE		if HAVE_STACK_VALIDATION
 	select HAVE_RSEQ
 	select HAVE_SYSCALL_TRACEPOINTS
 	select HAVE_UNSTABLE_SCHED_CLOCK
@@ -229,6 +230,7 @@ config X86
 	select RTC_MC146818_LIB
 	select SPARSE_IRQ
 	select SRCU
+	select STACK_VALIDATION			if HAVE_STACK_VALIDATION && (HAVE_STATIC_CALL_INLINE || RETPOLINE)
 	select SYSCTL_EXCEPTION_TRACE
 	select THREAD_INFO_IN_TASK
 	select USER_STACKTRACE_SUPPORT
@@ -450,7 +452,6 @@ config GOLDFISH
 config RETPOLINE
 	bool "Avoid speculative indirect branches in kernel"
 	default y
-	select STACK_VALIDATION if HAVE_STACK_VALIDATION
 	help
 	  Compile kernel with the retpoline compiler options to guard against
 	  kernel-to-user data leaks by avoiding speculative indirect
--- a/arch/x86/include/asm/static_call.h
+++ b/arch/x86/include/asm/static_call.h
@@ -5,12 +5,23 @@
 #include <asm/text-patching.h>
 
 /*
+ * For CONFIG_HAVE_STATIC_CALL_INLINE, this is a temporary trampoline which
+ * uses the current value of the key->func pointer to do an indirect jump to
+ * the function.  This trampoline is only used during boot, before the call
+ * sites get patched by static_call_update().  The name of this trampoline has
+ * a magical aspect: objtool uses it to find static call sites so it can create
+ * the .static_call_sites section.
+ *
  * For CONFIG_HAVE_STATIC_CALL, this is a permanent trampoline which
  * does a direct jump to the function.  The direct jump gets patched by
  * static_call_update().
+ *
+ * Having the trampoline in a special section forces GCC to emit a JMP.d32 when
+ * it does tail-call optimization on the call; since you cannot compute the
+ * relative displacement across sections.
  */
 #define ARCH_DEFINE_STATIC_CALL_TRAMP(name, func)			\
-	asm(".pushsection .text, \"ax\"				\n"	\
+	asm(".pushsection .static_call.text, \"ax\"		\n"	\
 	    ".align 4						\n"	\
 	    ".globl " STATIC_CALL_TRAMP_STR(name) "		\n"	\
 	    STATIC_CALL_TRAMP_STR(name) ":			\n"	\
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/static_call.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/static_call.c
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@
 
 static void __static_call_transform(void *insn, u8 opcode, void *func)
 {
-	const void *code = text_gen_insn(opcode, (long)insn, (long)func);
+	const void *code = text_gen_insn(opcode, insn, func);
 
 	if (WARN_ONCE(*(u8 *)insn != opcode,
 		      "unexpected static call insn opcode 0x%x at %pS\n",
@@ -26,6 +26,9 @@ void arch_static_call_transform(void *si
 	if (tramp)
 		__static_call_transform(tramp, JMP32_INSN_OPCODE, func);
 
+	if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_HAVE_STATIC_CALL_INLINE) && site)
+		__static_call_transform(site, CALL_INSN_OPCODE, func);
+
 	mutex_unlock(&text_mutex);
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(arch_static_call_transform);
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/vmlinux.lds.S
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/vmlinux.lds.S
@@ -136,6 +136,7 @@ SECTIONS
 		ENTRY_TEXT
 		ALIGN_ENTRY_TEXT_END
 		SOFTIRQENTRY_TEXT
+		STATIC_CALL_TEXT
 		*(.fixup)
 		*(.gnu.warning)
 
--- a/include/asm-generic/vmlinux.lds.h
+++ b/include/asm-generic/vmlinux.lds.h
@@ -620,6 +620,12 @@
 		*(.softirqentry.text)					\
 		__softirqentry_text_end = .;
 
+#define STATIC_CALL_TEXT						\
+		ALIGN_FUNCTION();					\
+		__static_call_text_start = .;				\
+		*(.static_call.text)					\
+		__static_call_text_end = .;
+
 /* Section used for early init (in .S files) */
 #define HEAD_TEXT  KEEP(*(.head.text))
 
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tools/include/linux/static_call_types.h
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
+#ifndef _STATIC_CALL_TYPES_H
+#define _STATIC_CALL_TYPES_H
+
+#include <linux/types.h>
+#include <linux/stringify.h>
+
+#define STATIC_CALL_KEY_PREFIX		__SCK__
+#define STATIC_CALL_KEY_PREFIX_STR	__stringify(STATIC_CALL_KEY_PREFIX)
+#define STATIC_CALL_KEY_PREFIX_LEN	(sizeof(STATIC_CALL_KEY_PREFIX_STR) - 1)
+#define STATIC_CALL_KEY(name)		__PASTE(STATIC_CALL_KEY_PREFIX, name)
+
+#define STATIC_CALL_TRAMP_PREFIX	__SCT__
+#define STATIC_CALL_TRAMP_PREFIX_STR	__stringify(STATIC_CALL_TRAMP_PREFIX)
+#define STATIC_CALL_TRAMP_PREFIX_LEN	(sizeof(STATIC_CALL_TRAMP_PREFIX_STR) - 1)
+#define STATIC_CALL_TRAMP(name)		__PASTE(STATIC_CALL_TRAMP_PREFIX, name)
+#define STATIC_CALL_TRAMP_STR(name)	__stringify(STATIC_CALL_TRAMP(name))
+
+/*
+ * The static call site table needs to be created by external tooling (objtool
+ * or a compiler plugin).
+ */
+struct static_call_site {
+	s32 addr;
+	s32 key;
+};
+
+#endif /* _STATIC_CALL_TYPES_H */
--- a/tools/objtool/check.c
+++ b/tools/objtool/check.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@
 
 #include <linux/hashtable.h>
 #include <linux/kernel.h>
+#include <linux/static_call_types.h>
 
 #define FAKE_JUMP_OFFSET -1
 
@@ -433,6 +434,99 @@ static int add_dead_ends(struct objtool_
 	return 0;
 }
 
+static int create_static_call_sections(struct objtool_file *file)
+{
+	struct section *sec, *reloc_sec;
+	struct reloc *reloc;
+	struct static_call_site *site;
+	struct instruction *insn;
+	struct symbol *key_sym;
+	char *key_name, *tmp;
+	int idx;
+
+	sec = find_section_by_name(file->elf, ".static_call_sites");
+	if (sec) {
+		INIT_LIST_HEAD(&file->static_call_list);
+		WARN("file already has .static_call_sites section, skipping");
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	if (list_empty(&file->static_call_list))
+		return 0;
+
+	idx = 0;
+	list_for_each_entry(insn, &file->static_call_list, static_call_node)
+		idx++;
+
+	sec = elf_create_section(file->elf, ".static_call_sites", SHF_WRITE,
+				 sizeof(struct static_call_site), idx);
+	if (!sec)
+		return -1;
+
+	reloc_sec = elf_create_reloc_section(file->elf, sec, SHT_RELA);
+	if (!reloc_sec)
+		return -1;
+
+	idx = 0;
+	list_for_each_entry(insn, &file->static_call_list, static_call_node) {
+
+		site = (struct static_call_site *)sec->data->d_buf + idx;
+		memset(site, 0, sizeof(struct static_call_site));
+
+		/* populate reloc for 'addr' */
+		reloc = malloc(sizeof(*reloc));
+		if (!reloc) {
+			perror("malloc");
+			return -1;
+		}
+		memset(reloc, 0, sizeof(*reloc));
+		reloc->sym = insn->sec->sym;
+		reloc->addend = insn->offset;
+		reloc->type = R_X86_64_PC32;
+		reloc->offset = idx * sizeof(struct static_call_site);
+		reloc->sec = reloc_sec;
+		elf_add_reloc(file->elf, reloc);
+
+		/* find key symbol */
+		key_name = strdup(insn->call_dest->name);
+		if (strncmp(key_name, STATIC_CALL_TRAMP_PREFIX_STR,
+			    strlen(STATIC_CALL_TRAMP_PREFIX_STR))) {
+			WARN("static_call: trampoline name malformed: %s", key_name);
+			return -1;
+		}
+		tmp = key_name + STATIC_CALL_TRAMP_PREFIX_LEN - STATIC_CALL_KEY_PREFIX_LEN;
+		memcpy(tmp, STATIC_CALL_KEY_PREFIX_STR, STATIC_CALL_KEY_PREFIX_LEN);
+
+		key_sym = find_symbol_by_name(file->elf, tmp);
+		if (!key_sym) {
+			WARN("static_call: can't find static_call_key symbol: %s", tmp);
+			return -1;
+		}
+		free(key_name);
+
+		/* populate reloc for 'key' */
+		reloc = malloc(sizeof(*reloc));
+		if (!reloc) {
+			perror("malloc");
+			return -1;
+		}
+		memset(reloc, 0, sizeof(*reloc));
+		reloc->sym = key_sym;
+		reloc->addend = 0;
+		reloc->type = R_X86_64_PC32;
+		reloc->offset = idx * sizeof(struct static_call_site) + 4;
+		reloc->sec = reloc_sec;
+		elf_add_reloc(file->elf, reloc);
+
+		idx++;
+	}
+
+	if (elf_rebuild_reloc_section(file->elf, reloc_sec))
+		return -1;
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
 /*
  * Warnings shouldn't be reported for ignored functions.
  */
@@ -1522,6 +1616,23 @@ static int read_intra_function_calls(str
 	return 0;
 }
 
+static int read_static_call_tramps(struct objtool_file *file)
+{
+	struct section *sec;
+	struct symbol *func;
+
+	for_each_sec(file, sec) {
+		list_for_each_entry(func, &sec->symbol_list, list) {
+			if (func->bind == STB_GLOBAL &&
+			    !strncmp(func->name, STATIC_CALL_TRAMP_PREFIX_STR,
+				     strlen(STATIC_CALL_TRAMP_PREFIX_STR)))
+				func->static_call_tramp = true;
+		}
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
 static void mark_rodata(struct objtool_file *file)
 {
 	struct section *sec;
@@ -1601,6 +1712,10 @@ static int decode_sections(struct objtoo
 	if (ret)
 		return ret;
 
+	ret = read_static_call_tramps(file);
+	if (ret)
+		return ret;
+
 	return 0;
 }
 
@@ -2432,6 +2547,11 @@ static int validate_branch(struct objtoo
 			if (dead_end_function(file, insn->call_dest))
 				return 0;
 
+			if (insn->type == INSN_CALL && insn->call_dest->static_call_tramp) {
+				list_add_tail(&insn->static_call_node,
+					      &file->static_call_list);
+			}
+
 			break;
 
 		case INSN_JUMP_CONDITIONAL:
@@ -2791,6 +2911,7 @@ int check(const char *_objname, bool orc
 
 	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&file.insn_list);
 	hash_init(file.insn_hash);
+	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&file.static_call_list);
 	file.c_file = !vmlinux && find_section_by_name(file.elf, ".comment");
 	file.ignore_unreachables = no_unreachable;
 	file.hints = false;
@@ -2838,6 +2959,11 @@ int check(const char *_objname, bool orc
 		warnings += ret;
 	}
 
+	ret = create_static_call_sections(&file);
+	if (ret < 0)
+		goto out;
+	warnings += ret;
+
 	if (orc) {
 		ret = create_orc(&file);
 		if (ret < 0)
--- a/tools/objtool/check.h
+++ b/tools/objtool/check.h
@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@ struct insn_state {
 struct instruction {
 	struct list_head list;
 	struct hlist_node hash;
+	struct list_head static_call_node;
 	struct section *sec;
 	unsigned long offset;
 	unsigned int len;
--- a/tools/objtool/elf.c
+++ b/tools/objtool/elf.c
@@ -652,7 +652,7 @@ struct elf *elf_open_read(const char *na
 }
 
 struct section *elf_create_section(struct elf *elf, const char *name,
-				   size_t entsize, int nr)
+				   unsigned int sh_flags, size_t entsize, int nr)
 {
 	struct section *sec, *shstrtab;
 	size_t size = entsize * nr;
@@ -712,7 +712,7 @@ struct section *elf_create_section(struc
 	sec->sh.sh_entsize = entsize;
 	sec->sh.sh_type = SHT_PROGBITS;
 	sec->sh.sh_addralign = 1;
-	sec->sh.sh_flags = SHF_ALLOC;
+	sec->sh.sh_flags = SHF_ALLOC | sh_flags;
 
 
 	/* Add section name to .shstrtab (or .strtab for Clang) */
@@ -767,7 +767,7 @@ static struct section *elf_create_rel_re
 	strcpy(relocname, ".rel");
 	strcat(relocname, base->name);
 
-	sec = elf_create_section(elf, relocname, sizeof(GElf_Rel), 0);
+	sec = elf_create_section(elf, relocname, 0, sizeof(GElf_Rel), 0);
 	free(relocname);
 	if (!sec)
 		return NULL;
@@ -797,7 +797,7 @@ static struct section *elf_create_rela_r
 	strcpy(relocname, ".rela");
 	strcat(relocname, base->name);
 
-	sec = elf_create_section(elf, relocname, sizeof(GElf_Rela), 0);
+	sec = elf_create_section(elf, relocname, 0, sizeof(GElf_Rela), 0);
 	free(relocname);
 	if (!sec)
 		return NULL;
--- a/tools/objtool/elf.h
+++ b/tools/objtool/elf.h
@@ -56,6 +56,7 @@ struct symbol {
 	unsigned int len;
 	struct symbol *pfunc, *cfunc, *alias;
 	bool uaccess_safe;
+	bool static_call_tramp;
 };
 
 struct reloc {
@@ -120,7 +121,7 @@ static inline u32 reloc_hash(struct relo
 }
 
 struct elf *elf_open_read(const char *name, int flags);
-struct section *elf_create_section(struct elf *elf, const char *name, size_t entsize, int nr);
+struct section *elf_create_section(struct elf *elf, const char *name, unsigned int sh_flags, size_t entsize, int nr);
 struct section *elf_create_reloc_section(struct elf *elf, struct section *base, int reltype);
 void elf_add_reloc(struct elf *elf, struct reloc *reloc);
 int elf_write_insn(struct elf *elf, struct section *sec,
--- a/tools/objtool/objtool.h
+++ b/tools/objtool/objtool.h
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ struct objtool_file {
 	struct elf *elf;
 	struct list_head insn_list;
 	DECLARE_HASHTABLE(insn_hash, 20);
+	struct list_head static_call_list;
 	bool ignore_unreachables, c_file, hints, rodata;
 };
 
--- a/tools/objtool/orc_gen.c
+++ b/tools/objtool/orc_gen.c
@@ -177,7 +177,7 @@ int create_orc_sections(struct objtool_f
 
 
 	/* create .orc_unwind_ip and .rela.orc_unwind_ip sections */
-	sec = elf_create_section(file->elf, ".orc_unwind_ip", sizeof(int), idx);
+	sec = elf_create_section(file->elf, ".orc_unwind_ip", 0, sizeof(int), idx);
 	if (!sec)
 		return -1;
 
@@ -186,7 +186,7 @@ int create_orc_sections(struct objtool_f
 		return -1;
 
 	/* create .orc_unwind section */
-	u_sec = elf_create_section(file->elf, ".orc_unwind",
+	u_sec = elf_create_section(file->elf, ".orc_unwind", 0,
 				   sizeof(struct orc_entry), idx);
 
 	/* populate sections */
--- a/tools/objtool/sync-check.sh
+++ b/tools/objtool/sync-check.sh
@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ arch/x86/include/asm/orc_types.h
 arch/x86/include/asm/emulate_prefix.h
 arch/x86/lib/x86-opcode-map.txt
 arch/x86/tools/gen-insn-attr-x86.awk
+include/linux/static_call_types.h
 '
 
 check_2 () {

[PATCH v6 11/17] static_call: Simple self-test

[Peter Zijlstra]

Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
---
 arch/Kconfig         |    6 ++++++
 kernel/static_call.c |   28 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 2 files changed, 34 insertions(+)

--- a/arch/Kconfig
+++ b/arch/Kconfig
@@ -103,6 +103,12 @@ config STATIC_KEYS_SELFTEST
 	help
 	  Boot time self-test of the branch patching code.
 
+config STATIC_CALL_SELFTEST
+	bool "Static call selftest"
+	depends on HAVE_STATIC_CALL
+	help
+	  Boot time self-test of the call patching code.
+
 config OPTPROBES
 	def_bool y
 	depends on KPROBES && HAVE_OPTPROBES
--- a/kernel/static_call.c
+++ b/kernel/static_call.c
@@ -364,3 +364,31 @@ static void __init static_call_init(void
 #endif
 }
 early_initcall(static_call_init);
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_STATIC_CALL_SELFTEST
+
+static int func_a(int x)
+{
+	return x+1;
+}
+
+static int func_b(int x)
+{
+	return x+2;
+}
+
+DEFINE_STATIC_CALL(sc_selftest, func_a);
+
+static int __init test_static_call_init(void)
+{
+	WARN_ON(static_call(sc_selftest)(2) != 3);
+	static_call_update(sc_selftest, &func_b);
+	WARN_ON(static_call(sc_selftest)(2) != 4);
+	static_call_update(sc_selftest, &func_a);
+	WARN_ON(static_call(sc_selftest)(2) != 3);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+early_initcall(test_static_call_init);
+
+#endif /* CONFIG_STATIC_CALL_SELFTEST */

[PATCH v6 12/17] x86/alternatives: Teach text_poke_bp() to emulate RET

[Peter Zijlstra]

Future patches will need to poke a RET instruction, provide the
infrastructure required for this.

Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
---
 arch/x86/include/asm/text-patching.h |   19 +++++++++++++++++++
 arch/x86/kernel/alternative.c        |    5 +++++
 2 files changed, 24 insertions(+)

--- a/arch/x86/include/asm/text-patching.h
+++ b/arch/x86/include/asm/text-patching.h
@@ -53,6 +53,9 @@ extern void text_poke_finish(void);
 #define INT3_INSN_SIZE		1
 #define INT3_INSN_OPCODE	0xCC
 
+#define RET_INSN_SIZE		1
+#define RET_INSN_OPCODE		0xC3
+
 #define CALL_INSN_SIZE		5
 #define CALL_INSN_OPCODE	0xE8
 
@@ -73,6 +76,7 @@ static __always_inline int text_opcode_s
 
 	switch(opcode) {
 	__CASE(INT3);
+	__CASE(RET);
 	__CASE(CALL);
 	__CASE(JMP32);
 	__CASE(JMP8);
@@ -141,11 +145,26 @@ void int3_emulate_push(struct pt_regs *r
 }
 
 static __always_inline
+unsigned long int3_emulate_pop(struct pt_regs *regs)
+{
+	unsigned long val = *(unsigned long *)regs->sp;
+	regs->sp += sizeof(unsigned long);
+	return val;
+}
+
+static __always_inline
 void int3_emulate_call(struct pt_regs *regs, unsigned long func)
 {
 	int3_emulate_push(regs, regs->ip - INT3_INSN_SIZE + CALL_INSN_SIZE);
 	int3_emulate_jmp(regs, func);
 }
+
+static __always_inline
+void int3_emulate_ret(struct pt_regs *regs)
+{
+	unsigned long ip = int3_emulate_pop(regs);
+	int3_emulate_jmp(regs, ip);
+}
 #endif /* !CONFIG_UML_X86 */
 
 #endif /* _ASM_X86_TEXT_PATCHING_H */
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/alternative.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/alternative.c
@@ -1099,6 +1099,10 @@ int noinstr poke_int3_handler(struct pt_
 		 */
 		goto out_put;
 
+	case RET_INSN_OPCODE:
+		int3_emulate_ret(regs);
+		break;
+
 	case CALL_INSN_OPCODE:
 		int3_emulate_call(regs, (long)ip + tp->rel32);
 		break;
@@ -1240,6 +1244,7 @@ static void text_poke_loc_init(struct te
 
 	switch (tp->opcode) {
 	case INT3_INSN_OPCODE:
+	case RET_INSN_OPCODE:
 		break;
 
 	case CALL_INSN_OPCODE:

[PATCH v6 13/17] static_call: Add static_call_cond()

[Peter Zijlstra]

Extend the static_call infrastructure to optimize the following common
pattern:

	if (func_ptr)
		func_ptr(args...)

For the trampoline (which is in effect a tail-call), we patch the
JMP.d32 into a RET, which then directly consumes the trampoline call.

For the in-line sites we replace the CALL with a NOP5.

NOTE: this is 'obviously' limited to functions with a 'void' return type.

NOTE: DEFINE_STATIC_COND_CALL() only requires a typename, as opposed
      to a full function.

Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
---
 arch/x86/include/asm/static_call.h |   12 +++--
 arch/x86/kernel/static_call.c      |   42 +++++++++++++-----
 include/linux/static_call.h        |   86 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 3 files changed, 127 insertions(+), 13 deletions(-)

--- a/arch/x86/include/asm/static_call.h
+++ b/arch/x86/include/asm/static_call.h
@@ -20,15 +20,21 @@
  * it does tail-call optimization on the call; since you cannot compute the
  * relative displacement across sections.
  */
-#define ARCH_DEFINE_STATIC_CALL_TRAMP(name, func)			\
+
+#define __ARCH_DEFINE_STATIC_CALL_TRAMP(name, insns)			\
 	asm(".pushsection .static_call.text, \"ax\"		\n"	\
 	    ".align 4						\n"	\
 	    ".globl " STATIC_CALL_TRAMP_STR(name) "		\n"	\
 	    STATIC_CALL_TRAMP_STR(name) ":			\n"	\
-	    "	.byte 0xe9 # jmp.d32				\n"	\
-	    "	.long " #func " - (. + 4)			\n"	\
+	    insns "						\n"	\
 	    ".type " STATIC_CALL_TRAMP_STR(name) ", @function	\n"	\
 	    ".size " STATIC_CALL_TRAMP_STR(name) ", . - " STATIC_CALL_TRAMP_STR(name) " \n" \
 	    ".popsection					\n")
 
+#define ARCH_DEFINE_STATIC_CALL_TRAMP(name, func)			\
+	__ARCH_DEFINE_STATIC_CALL_TRAMP(name, ".byte 0xe9; .long " #func " - (. + 4)")
+
+#define ARCH_DEFINE_STATIC_CALL_NULL_TRAMP(name)			\
+	__ARCH_DEFINE_STATIC_CALL_TRAMP(name, "ret; nop; nop; nop; nop")
+
 #endif /* _ASM_STATIC_CALL_H */
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/static_call.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/static_call.c
@@ -4,19 +4,41 @@
 #include <linux/bug.h>
 #include <asm/text-patching.h>
 
-static void __static_call_transform(void *insn, u8 opcode, void *func)
+enum insn_type {
+	CALL = 0, /* site call */
+	NOP = 1,  /* site cond-call */
+	JMP = 2,  /* tramp / site tail-call */
+	RET = 3,  /* tramp / site cond-tail-call */
+};
+
+static void __static_call_transform(void *insn, enum insn_type type, void *func)
 {
-	const void *code = text_gen_insn(opcode, insn, func);
+	int size = CALL_INSN_SIZE;
+	const void *code;
 
-	if (WARN_ONCE(*(u8 *)insn != opcode,
-		      "unexpected static call insn opcode 0x%x at %pS\n",
-		      opcode, insn))
-		return;
+	switch (type) {
+	case CALL:
+		code = text_gen_insn(CALL_INSN_OPCODE, insn, func);
+		break;
+
+	case NOP:
+		code = ideal_nops[NOP_ATOMIC5];
+		break;
+
+	case JMP:
+		code = text_gen_insn(JMP32_INSN_OPCODE, insn, func);
+		break;
+
+	case RET:
+		code = text_gen_insn(RET_INSN_OPCODE, insn, func);
+		size = RET_INSN_SIZE;
+		break;
+	}
 
-	if (memcmp(insn, code, CALL_INSN_SIZE) == 0)
+	if (memcmp(insn, code, size) == 0)
 		return;
 
-	text_poke_bp(insn, code, CALL_INSN_SIZE, NULL);
+	text_poke_bp(insn, code, size, NULL);
 }
 
 void arch_static_call_transform(void *site, void *tramp, void *func)
@@ -24,10 +46,10 @@ void arch_static_call_transform(void *si
 	mutex_lock(&text_mutex);
 
 	if (tramp)
-		__static_call_transform(tramp, JMP32_INSN_OPCODE, func);
+		__static_call_transform(tramp, func ? JMP : RET, func);
 
 	if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_HAVE_STATIC_CALL_INLINE) && site)
-		__static_call_transform(site, CALL_INSN_OPCODE, func);
+		__static_call_transform(site, func ? CALL : NOP, func);
 
 	mutex_unlock(&text_mutex);
 }
--- a/include/linux/static_call.h
+++ b/include/linux/static_call.h
@@ -16,7 +16,9 @@
  *
  *   DECLARE_STATIC_CALL(name, func);
  *   DEFINE_STATIC_CALL(name, func);
+ *   DEFINE_STATIC_CALL_NULL(name, typename);
  *   static_call(name)(args...);
+ *   static_call_cond(name)(args...);
  *   static_call_update(name, func);
  *
  * Usage example:
@@ -52,6 +54,43 @@
  *   rather than calling through the trampoline.  This requires objtool or a
  *   compiler plugin to detect all the static_call() sites and annotate them
  *   in the .static_call_sites section.
+ *
+ *
+ * Notes on NULL function pointers:
+ *
+ *   Static_call()s support NULL functions, with many of the caveats that
+ *   regular function pointers have.
+ *
+ *   Clearly calling a NULL function pointer is 'BAD', so too for
+ *   static_call()s (although when HAVE_STATIC_CALL it might not be immediately
+ *   fatal). A NULL static_call can be the result of:
+ *
+ *     DECLARE_STATIC_CALL_NULL(my_static_call, void (*)(int));
+ *
+ *   which is equivalent to declaring a NULL function pointer with just a
+ *   typename:
+ *
+ *     void (*my_func_ptr)(int arg1) = NULL;
+ *
+ *   or using static_call_update() with a NULL function. In both cases the
+ *   HAVE_STATIC_CALL implementation will patch the trampoline with a RET
+ *   instruction, instead of an immediate tail-call JMP. HAVE_STATIC_CALL_INLINE
+ *   architectures can patch the trampoline call to a NOP.
+ *
+ *   In all cases, any argument evaluation is unconditional. Unlike a regular
+ *   conditional function pointer call:
+ *
+ *     if (my_func_ptr)
+ *         my_func_ptr(arg1)
+ *
+ *   where the argument evaludation also depends on the pointer value.
+ *
+ *   When calling a static_call that can be NULL, use:
+ *
+ *     static_call_cond(name)(arg1);
+ *
+ *   which will include the required value tests to avoid NULL-pointer
+ *   dereferences.
  */
 
 #include <linux/types.h>
@@ -120,7 +159,16 @@ extern int static_call_text_reserved(voi
 	};								\
 	ARCH_DEFINE_STATIC_CALL_TRAMP(name, _func)
 
+#define DEFINE_STATIC_CALL_NULL(name, _func)				\
+	DECLARE_STATIC_CALL(name, _func);				\
+	struct static_call_key STATIC_CALL_KEY(name) = {		\
+		.func = NULL,						\
+		.type = 1,						\
+	};								\
+	ARCH_DEFINE_STATIC_CALL_NULL_TRAMP(name)
+
 #define static_call(name)	__static_call(name)
+#define static_call_cond(name)	(void)__static_call(name)
 
 #define EXPORT_STATIC_CALL(name)					\
 	EXPORT_SYMBOL(STATIC_CALL_KEY(name));				\
@@ -143,7 +191,15 @@ struct static_call_key {
 	};								\
 	ARCH_DEFINE_STATIC_CALL_TRAMP(name, _func)
 
+#define DEFINE_STATIC_CALL_NULL(name, _func)				\
+	DECLARE_STATIC_CALL(name, _func);				\
+	struct static_call_key STATIC_CALL_KEY(name) = {		\
+		.func = NULL,						\
+	};								\
+	ARCH_DEFINE_STATIC_CALL_NULL_TRAMP(name)
+
 #define static_call(name)	__static_call(name)
+#define static_call_cond(name)	(void)__static_call(name)
 
 static inline
 void __static_call_update(struct static_call_key *key, void *tramp, void *func)
@@ -179,9 +235,39 @@ struct static_call_key {
 		.func = _func,						\
 	}
 
+#define DEFINE_STATIC_CALL_NULL(name, _func)				\
+	DECLARE_STATIC_CALL(name, _func);				\
+	struct static_call_key STATIC_CALL_KEY(name) = {		\
+		.func = NULL,						\
+	}
+
 #define static_call(name)						\
 	((typeof(STATIC_CALL_TRAMP(name))*)(STATIC_CALL_KEY(name).func))
 
+static inline void __static_call_nop(void) { }
+
+/*
+ * This horrific hack takes care of two things:
+ *
+ *  - it ensures the compiler will only load the function pointer ONCE,
+ *    which avoids a reload race.
+ *
+ *  - it ensures the argument evaluation is unconditional, similar
+ *    to the HAVE_STATIC_CALL variant.
+ *
+ * Sadly current GCC/Clang (10 for both) do not optimize this properly
+ * and will emit an indirect call for the NULL case :-(
+ */
+#define __static_call_cond(name)					\
+({									\
+	void *func = READ_ONCE(STATIC_CALL_KEY(name).func);		\
+	if (!func)							\
+		func = &__static_call_nop;				\
+	(typeof(STATIC_CALL_TRAMP(name))*)func;				\
+})
+
+#define static_call_cond(name)	(void)__static_call_cond(name)
+
 static inline
 void __static_call_update(struct static_call_key *key, void *tramp, void *func)
 {

[PATCH v6 14/17] static_call: Handle tail-calls

[Peter Zijlstra]

GCC can turn our static_call(name)(args...) into a tail call, in which
case we get a JMP.d32 into the trampoline (which then does a further
tail-call).

Teach objtool to recognise and mark these in .static_call_sites and
adjust the code patching to deal with this.

Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
---
 arch/x86/kernel/static_call.c           |   21 ++++++++++++++++++---
 include/linux/static_call.h             |    4 ++--
 include/linux/static_call_types.h       |    7 +++++++
 kernel/static_call.c                    |   21 +++++++++++++--------
 tools/include/linux/static_call_types.h |    7 +++++++
 tools/objtool/check.c                   |   18 +++++++++++++-----
 6 files changed, 60 insertions(+), 18 deletions(-)

--- a/arch/x86/kernel/static_call.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/static_call.c
@@ -41,15 +41,30 @@ static void __static_call_transform(void
 	text_poke_bp(insn, code, size, NULL);
 }
 
-void arch_static_call_transform(void *site, void *tramp, void *func)
+static inline enum insn_type __sc_insn(bool null, bool tail)
+{
+	/*
+	 * Encode the following table without branches:
+	 *
+	 *	tail	null	insn
+	 *	-----+-------+------
+	 *	  0  |   0   |  CALL
+	 *	  0  |   1   |  NOP
+	 *	  1  |   0   |  JMP
+	 *	  1  |   1   |  RET
+	 */
+	return 2*tail + null;
+}
+
+void arch_static_call_transform(void *site, void *tramp, void *func, bool tail)
 {
 	mutex_lock(&text_mutex);
 
 	if (tramp)
-		__static_call_transform(tramp, func ? JMP : RET, func);
+		__static_call_transform(tramp, __sc_insn(!func, true), func);
 
 	if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_HAVE_STATIC_CALL_INLINE) && site)
-		__static_call_transform(site, func ? CALL : NOP, func);
+		__static_call_transform(site, __sc_insn(!func, tail), func);
 
 	mutex_unlock(&text_mutex);
 }
--- a/include/linux/static_call.h
+++ b/include/linux/static_call.h
@@ -103,7 +103,7 @@
 /*
  * Either @site or @tramp can be NULL.
  */
-extern void arch_static_call_transform(void *site, void *tramp, void *func);
+extern void arch_static_call_transform(void *site, void *tramp, void *func, bool tail);
 
 #define STATIC_CALL_TRAMP_ADDR(name) &STATIC_CALL_TRAMP(name)
 
@@ -206,7 +206,7 @@ void __static_call_update(struct static_
 {
 	cpus_read_lock();
 	WRITE_ONCE(key->func, func);
-	arch_static_call_transform(NULL, tramp, func);
+	arch_static_call_transform(NULL, tramp, func, false);
 	cpus_read_unlock();
 }
 
--- a/include/linux/static_call_types.h
+++ b/include/linux/static_call_types.h
@@ -17,6 +17,13 @@
 #define STATIC_CALL_TRAMP_STR(name)	__stringify(STATIC_CALL_TRAMP(name))
 
 /*
+ * Flags in the low bits of static_call_site::key.
+ */
+#define STATIC_CALL_SITE_TAIL 1UL	/* tail call */
+#define STATIC_CALL_SITE_INIT 2UL	/* init section */
+#define STATIC_CALL_SITE_FLAGS 3UL
+
+/*
  * The static call site table needs to be created by external tooling (objtool
  * or a compiler plugin).
  */
--- a/kernel/static_call.c
+++ b/kernel/static_call.c
@@ -15,8 +15,6 @@ extern struct static_call_site __start_s
 
 static bool static_call_initialized;
 
-#define STATIC_CALL_INIT 1UL
-
 /* mutex to protect key modules/sites */
 static DEFINE_MUTEX(static_call_mutex);
 
@@ -39,18 +37,23 @@ static inline void *static_call_addr(str
 static inline struct static_call_key *static_call_key(const struct static_call_site *site)
 {
 	return (struct static_call_key *)
-		(((long)site->key + (long)&site->key) & ~STATIC_CALL_INIT);
+		(((long)site->key + (long)&site->key) & ~STATIC_CALL_SITE_FLAGS);
 }
 
 /* These assume the key is word-aligned. */
 static inline bool static_call_is_init(struct static_call_site *site)
 {
-	return ((long)site->key + (long)&site->key) & STATIC_CALL_INIT;
+	return ((long)site->key + (long)&site->key) & STATIC_CALL_SITE_INIT;
+}
+
+static inline bool static_call_is_tail(struct static_call_site *site)
+{
+	return ((long)site->key + (long)&site->key) & STATIC_CALL_SITE_TAIL;
 }
 
 static inline void static_call_set_init(struct static_call_site *site)
 {
-	site->key = ((long)static_call_key(site) | STATIC_CALL_INIT) -
+	site->key = ((long)static_call_key(site) | STATIC_CALL_SITE_INIT) -
 		    (long)&site->key;
 }
 
@@ -104,7 +107,7 @@ void __static_call_update(struct static_
 
 	key->func = func;
 
-	arch_static_call_transform(NULL, tramp, func);
+	arch_static_call_transform(NULL, tramp, func, false);
 
 	/*
 	 * If uninitialized, we'll not update the callsites, but they still
@@ -154,7 +157,8 @@ void __static_call_update(struct static_
 				continue;
 			}
 
-			arch_static_call_transform(site_addr, NULL, func);
+			arch_static_call_transform(site_addr, NULL, func,
+				static_call_is_tail(site));
 		}
 	}
 
@@ -198,7 +202,8 @@ static int __static_call_init(struct mod
 			key->mods = site_mod;
 		}
 
-		arch_static_call_transform(site_addr, NULL, key->func);
+		arch_static_call_transform(site_addr, NULL, key->func,
+				static_call_is_tail(site));
 	}
 
 	return 0;
--- a/tools/include/linux/static_call_types.h
+++ b/tools/include/linux/static_call_types.h
@@ -17,6 +17,13 @@
 #define STATIC_CALL_TRAMP_STR(name)	__stringify(STATIC_CALL_TRAMP(name))
 
 /*
+ * Flags in the low bits of static_call_site::key.
+ */
+#define STATIC_CALL_SITE_TAIL 1UL	/* tail call */
+#define STATIC_CALL_SITE_INIT 2UL	/* init section */
+#define STATIC_CALL_SITE_FLAGS 3UL
+
+/*
  * The static call site table needs to be created by external tooling (objtool
  * or a compiler plugin).
  */
--- a/tools/objtool/check.c
+++ b/tools/objtool/check.c
@@ -511,7 +511,7 @@ static int create_static_call_sections(s
 		}
 		memset(reloc, 0, sizeof(*reloc));
 		reloc->sym = key_sym;
-		reloc->addend = 0;
+		reloc->addend = is_sibling_call(insn) ? STATIC_CALL_SITE_TAIL : 0;
 		reloc->type = R_X86_64_PC32;
 		reloc->offset = idx * sizeof(struct static_call_site) + 4;
 		reloc->sec = reloc_sec;
@@ -720,6 +720,10 @@ static int add_jump_destinations(struct
 		} else {
 			/* external sibling call */
 			insn->call_dest = reloc->sym;
+			if (insn->call_dest->static_call_tramp) {
+				list_add_tail(&insn->static_call_node,
+					      &file->static_call_list);
+			}
 			continue;
 		}
 
@@ -771,6 +775,10 @@ static int add_jump_destinations(struct
 
 				/* internal sibling call */
 				insn->call_dest = insn->jump_dest->func;
+				if (insn->call_dest->static_call_tramp) {
+					list_add_tail(&insn->static_call_node,
+						      &file->static_call_list);
+				}
 			}
 		}
 	}
@@ -1639,6 +1647,10 @@ static int decode_sections(struct objtoo
 	if (ret)
 		return ret;
 
+	ret = read_static_call_tramps(file);
+	if (ret)
+		return ret;
+
 	ret = add_jump_destinations(file);
 	if (ret)
 		return ret;
@@ -1671,10 +1683,6 @@ static int decode_sections(struct objtoo
 	if (ret)
 		return ret;
 
-	ret = read_static_call_tramps(file);
-	if (ret)
-		return ret;
-
 	return 0;
 }
 

[PATCH v6 15/17] static_call: Allow early init

[Peter Zijlstra]

In order to use static_call() to wire up x86_pmu, we need to
initialize earlier; copy some of the tricks from jump_label to enable
this.

Primarily we overload key->next to store a sites pointer when there
are no modules, this avoids having to use kmalloc() to initialize the
sites and allows us to run much earlier.

(arguably, this is much much earlier than needed for perf, but it
might allow other uses.)

Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
---
 arch/x86/kernel/setup.c       |    2 +
 arch/x86/kernel/static_call.c |    8 +++++-
 include/linux/static_call.h   |   15 +++++++++--
 kernel/static_call.c          |   55 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++---
 4 files changed, 74 insertions(+), 6 deletions(-)

--- a/arch/x86/kernel/setup.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/setup.c
@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@
 #include <linux/hugetlb.h>
 #include <linux/tboot.h>
 #include <linux/usb/xhci-dbgp.h>
+#include <linux/static_call.h>
 
 #include <uapi/linux/mount.h>
 
@@ -848,6 +849,7 @@ void __init setup_arch(char **cmdline_p)
 	early_cpu_init();
 	arch_init_ideal_nops();
 	jump_label_init();
+	static_call_init();
 	early_ioremap_init();
 
 	setup_olpc_ofw_pgd();
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/static_call.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/static_call.c
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ enum insn_type {
 	RET = 3,  /* tramp / site cond-tail-call */
 };
 
-static void __static_call_transform(void *insn, enum insn_type type, void *func)
+static void __ref __static_call_transform(void *insn, enum insn_type type, void *func)
 {
 	int size = CALL_INSN_SIZE;
 	const void *code;
@@ -33,11 +33,17 @@ static void __static_call_transform(void
 		code = text_gen_insn(RET_INSN_OPCODE, insn, func);
 		size = RET_INSN_SIZE;
 		break;
+
+	default: /* GCC is a moron -- it figures @code can be uninitialized below */
+		BUG();
 	}
 
 	if (memcmp(insn, code, size) == 0)
 		return;
 
+	if (unlikely(system_state == SYSTEM_BOOTING))
+		return text_poke_early(insn, code, size);
+
 	text_poke_bp(insn, code, size, NULL);
 }
 
--- a/include/linux/static_call.h
+++ b/include/linux/static_call.h
@@ -99,6 +99,8 @@ extern void arch_static_call_transform(v
 
 #ifdef CONFIG_HAVE_STATIC_CALL_INLINE
 
+extern void __init static_call_init(void);
+
 struct static_call_mod {
 	struct static_call_mod *next;
 	struct module *mod; /* for vmlinux, mod == NULL */
@@ -107,7 +109,12 @@ struct static_call_mod {
 
 struct static_call_key {
 	void *func;
-	struct static_call_mod *mods;
+	union {
+		/* bit 0: 0 = mods, 1 = sites */
+		unsigned long type;
+		struct static_call_mod *mods;
+		struct static_call_site *sites;
+	};
 };
 
 extern void __static_call_update(struct static_call_key *key, void *tramp, void *func);
@@ -118,7 +125,7 @@ extern int static_call_text_reserved(voi
 	DECLARE_STATIC_CALL(name, _func);				\
 	struct static_call_key STATIC_CALL_KEY(name) = {		\
 		.func = _func,						\
-		.mods = NULL,						\
+		.type = 1,						\
 	};								\
 	ARCH_DEFINE_STATIC_CALL_TRAMP(name, _func)
 
@@ -143,6 +150,8 @@ extern int static_call_text_reserved(voi
 
 #elif defined(CONFIG_HAVE_STATIC_CALL)
 
+static inline void static_call_init(void) { }
+
 struct static_call_key {
 	void *func;
 };
@@ -188,6 +197,8 @@ static inline int static_call_text_reser
 
 #else /* Generic implementation */
 
+static inline void static_call_init(void) { }
+
 struct static_call_key {
 	void *func;
 };
--- a/kernel/static_call.c
+++ b/kernel/static_call.c
@@ -94,10 +94,31 @@ static inline void static_call_sort_entr
 	     static_call_site_cmp, static_call_site_swap);
 }
 
+static inline bool static_call_key_has_mods(struct static_call_key *key)
+{
+	return !(key->type & 1);
+}
+
+static inline struct static_call_mod *static_call_key_next(struct static_call_key *key)
+{
+	if (!static_call_key_has_mods(key))
+		return NULL;
+
+	return key->mods;
+}
+
+static inline struct static_call_site *static_call_key_sites(struct static_call_key *key)
+{
+	if (static_call_key_has_mods(key))
+		return NULL;
+
+	return (struct static_call_site *)(key->type & ~1);
+}
+
 void __static_call_update(struct static_call_key *key, void *tramp, void *func)
 {
 	struct static_call_site *site, *stop;
-	struct static_call_mod *site_mod;
+	struct static_call_mod *site_mod, first;
 
 	cpus_read_lock();
 	static_call_lock();
@@ -116,13 +137,22 @@ void __static_call_update(struct static_
 	if (WARN_ON_ONCE(!static_call_initialized))
 		goto done;
 
-	for (site_mod = key->mods; site_mod; site_mod = site_mod->next) {
+	first = (struct static_call_mod){
+		.next = static_call_key_next(key),
+		.mod = NULL,
+		.sites = static_call_key_sites(key),
+	};
+
+	for (site_mod = &first; site_mod; site_mod = site_mod->next) {
 		struct module *mod = site_mod->mod;
 
 		if (!site_mod->sites) {
 			/*
 			 * This can happen if the static call key is defined in
 			 * a module which doesn't use it.
+			 *
+			 * It also happens in the has_mods case, where the
+			 * 'first' entry has no sites associated with it.
 			 */
 			continue;
 		}
@@ -192,16 +222,35 @@ static int __static_call_init(struct mod
 		if (key != prev_key) {
 			prev_key = key;
 
+			if (!mod) {
+				key->sites = site;
+				key->type |= 1;
+				goto do_transform;
+			}
+
 			site_mod = kzalloc(sizeof(*site_mod), GFP_KERNEL);
 			if (!site_mod)
 				return -ENOMEM;
 
+			if (!static_call_key_has_mods(key)) {
+				site_mod->mod = NULL;
+				site_mod->next = NULL;
+				site_mod->sites = static_call_key_sites(key);
+
+				key->mods = site_mod;
+
+				site_mod = kzalloc(sizeof(*site_mod), GFP_KERNEL);
+				if (!site_mod)
+					return -ENOMEM;
+			}
+
 			site_mod->mod = mod;
 			site_mod->sites = site;
 			site_mod->next = key->mods;
 			key->mods = site_mod;
 		}
 
+do_transform:
 		arch_static_call_transform(site_addr, NULL, key->func,
 				static_call_is_tail(site));
 	}
@@ -344,7 +393,7 @@ int static_call_text_reserved(void *star
 	return ret;
 }
 
-static void __init static_call_init(void)
+void __init static_call_init(void)
 {
 	int ret;
 

[PATCH v6 16/17] tracepoint: Optimize using static_call()

[Peter Zijlstra]

From: "Steven Rostedt (VMware)" <rostedt@goodmis.org>

Currently the tracepoint site will iterate a vector and issue indirect
calls to however many handlers are registered (ie. the vector is
long).

Using static_call() it is possible to optimize this for the common
case of only having a single handler registered. In this case the
static_call() can directly call this handler. Otherwise, if the vector
is longer than 1, call a function that iterates the whole vector like
the current code.

[peterz: updated to new interface]
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt (VMware) <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
---
 include/linux/tracepoint-defs.h |    5 ++
 include/linux/tracepoint.h      |   86 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++------------
 include/trace/define_trace.h    |   14 +++---
 kernel/tracepoint.c             |   25 +++++++++--
 4 files changed, 94 insertions(+), 36 deletions(-)

--- a/include/linux/tracepoint-defs.h
+++ b/include/linux/tracepoint-defs.h
@@ -11,6 +11,8 @@
 #include <linux/atomic.h>
 #include <linux/static_key.h>
 
+struct static_call_key;
+
 struct trace_print_flags {
 	unsigned long		mask;
 	const char		*name;
@@ -30,6 +32,9 @@ struct tracepoint_func {
 struct tracepoint {
 	const char *name;		/* Tracepoint name */
 	struct static_key key;
+	struct static_call_key *static_call_key;
+	void *static_call_tramp;
+	void *iterator;
 	int (*regfunc)(void);
 	void (*unregfunc)(void);
 	struct tracepoint_func __rcu *funcs;
--- a/include/linux/tracepoint.h
+++ b/include/linux/tracepoint.h
@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@
 #include <linux/cpumask.h>
 #include <linux/rcupdate.h>
 #include <linux/tracepoint-defs.h>
+#include <linux/static_call.h>
 
 struct module;
 struct tracepoint;
@@ -92,7 +93,9 @@ extern int syscall_regfunc(void);
 extern void syscall_unregfunc(void);
 #endif /* CONFIG_HAVE_SYSCALL_TRACEPOINTS */
 
+#ifndef PARAMS
 #define PARAMS(args...) args
+#endif
 
 #define TRACE_DEFINE_ENUM(x)
 #define TRACE_DEFINE_SIZEOF(x)
@@ -149,6 +152,12 @@ static inline struct tracepoint *tracepo
 
 #ifdef TRACEPOINTS_ENABLED
 
+#ifdef CONFIG_HAVE_STATIC_CALL
+#define __DO_TRACE_CALL(name)	static_call(tp_func_##name)
+#else
+#define __DO_TRACE_CALL(name)	__tracepoint_iter_##name
+#endif /* CONFIG_HAVE_STATIC_CALL */
+
 /*
  * it_func[0] is never NULL because there is at least one element in the array
  * when the array itself is non NULL.
@@ -158,12 +167,11 @@ static inline struct tracepoint *tracepo
  * has a "void" prototype, then it is invalid to declare a function
  * as "(void *, void)".
  */
-#define __DO_TRACE(tp, proto, args, cond, rcuidle)			\
+#define __DO_TRACE(name, proto, args, cond, rcuidle)			\
 	do {								\
 		struct tracepoint_func *it_func_ptr;			\
-		void *it_func;						\
-		void *__data;						\
 		int __maybe_unused __idx = 0;				\
+		void *__data;						\
 									\
 		if (!(cond))						\
 			return;						\
@@ -183,14 +191,11 @@ static inline struct tracepoint *tracepo
 			rcu_irq_enter_irqson();				\
 		}							\
 									\
-		it_func_ptr = rcu_dereference_raw((tp)->funcs);		\
-									\
+		it_func_ptr =						\
+			rcu_dereference_raw((&__tracepoint_##name)->funcs); \
 		if (it_func_ptr) {					\
-			do {						\
-				it_func = (it_func_ptr)->func;		\
-				__data = (it_func_ptr)->data;		\
-				((void(*)(proto))(it_func))(args);	\
-			} while ((++it_func_ptr)->func);		\
+			__data = (it_func_ptr)->data;			\
+			__DO_TRACE_CALL(name)(args);			\
 		}							\
 									\
 		if (rcuidle) {						\
@@ -206,7 +211,7 @@ static inline struct tracepoint *tracepo
 	static inline void trace_##name##_rcuidle(proto)		\
 	{								\
 		if (static_key_false(&__tracepoint_##name.key))		\
-			__DO_TRACE(&__tracepoint_##name,		\
+			__DO_TRACE(name,				\
 				TP_PROTO(data_proto),			\
 				TP_ARGS(data_args),			\
 				TP_CONDITION(cond), 1);			\
@@ -228,11 +233,13 @@ static inline struct tracepoint *tracepo
  * poking RCU a bit.
  */
 #define __DECLARE_TRACE(name, proto, args, cond, data_proto, data_args) \
+	extern int __tracepoint_iter_##name(data_proto);		\
+	DECLARE_STATIC_CALL(tp_func_##name, __tracepoint_iter_##name); \
 	extern struct tracepoint __tracepoint_##name;			\
 	static inline void trace_##name(proto)				\
 	{								\
 		if (static_key_false(&__tracepoint_##name.key))		\
-			__DO_TRACE(&__tracepoint_##name,		\
+			__DO_TRACE(name,				\
 				TP_PROTO(data_proto),			\
 				TP_ARGS(data_args),			\
 				TP_CONDITION(cond), 0);			\
@@ -278,21 +285,50 @@ static inline struct tracepoint *tracepo
  * structures, so we create an array of pointers that will be used for iteration
  * on the tracepoints.
  */
-#define DEFINE_TRACE_FN(name, reg, unreg)				 \
-	static const char __tpstrtab_##name[]				 \
-	__attribute__((section("__tracepoints_strings"))) = #name;	 \
-	struct tracepoint __tracepoint_##name				 \
-	__attribute__((section("__tracepoints"), used)) =		 \
-		{ __tpstrtab_##name, STATIC_KEY_INIT_FALSE, reg, unreg, NULL };\
-	__TRACEPOINT_ENTRY(name);
+#define DEFINE_TRACE_FN(_name, _reg, _unreg, proto, args)		\
+	static const char __tpstrtab_##_name[]				\
+	__attribute__((section("__tracepoints_strings"))) = #_name;	\
+	extern struct static_call_key STATIC_CALL_KEY(tp_func_##_name);\
+	int __tracepoint_iter_##_name(void *__data, proto);		\
+	struct tracepoint __tracepoint_##_name				\
+	  __attribute__((section("__tracepoints"), used)) = {		\
+		.name = __tpstrtab_##_name,				\
+		.key = STATIC_KEY_INIT_FALSE,				\
+		.static_call_key = &STATIC_CALL_KEY(tp_func_##_name),	\
+		.static_call_tramp = STATIC_CALL_TRAMP_ADDR(tp_func_##_name), \
+		.iterator = &__tracepoint_iter_##_name,			\
+		.regfunc = _reg,					\
+		.unregfunc = _unreg,					\
+		.funcs = NULL };					\
+	__TRACEPOINT_ENTRY(_name);					\
+	int __tracepoint_iter_##_name(void *__data, proto)		\
+	{								\
+		struct tracepoint_func *it_func_ptr;			\
+		void *it_func;						\
+									\
+		it_func_ptr =						\
+			rcu_dereference_raw((&__tracepoint_##_name)->funcs); \
+		do {							\
+			it_func = (it_func_ptr)->func;			\
+			__data = (it_func_ptr)->data;			\
+			((void(*)(void *, proto))(it_func))(__data, args); \
+		} while ((++it_func_ptr)->func);			\
+		return 0;						\
+	}								\
+	DEFINE_STATIC_CALL(tp_func_##_name, __tracepoint_iter_##_name);
 
-#define DEFINE_TRACE(name)						\
-	DEFINE_TRACE_FN(name, NULL, NULL);
+#define DEFINE_TRACE(name, proto, args)		\
+	DEFINE_TRACE_FN(name, NULL, NULL, PARAMS(proto), PARAMS(args));
 
 #define EXPORT_TRACEPOINT_SYMBOL_GPL(name)				\
-	EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(__tracepoint_##name)
+	EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(__tracepoint_##name);				\
+	EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(__tracepoint_iter_##name);			\
+	EXPORT_STATIC_CALL_GPL(tp_func_##name)
 #define EXPORT_TRACEPOINT_SYMBOL(name)					\
-	EXPORT_SYMBOL(__tracepoint_##name)
+	EXPORT_SYMBOL(__tracepoint_##name);				\
+	EXPORT_SYMBOL(__tracepoint_iter_##name);			\
+	EXPORT_STATIC_CALL(tp_func_##name)
+
 
 #else /* !TRACEPOINTS_ENABLED */
 #define __DECLARE_TRACE(name, proto, args, cond, data_proto, data_args) \
@@ -321,8 +357,8 @@ static inline struct tracepoint *tracepo
 		return false;						\
 	}
 
-#define DEFINE_TRACE_FN(name, reg, unreg)
-#define DEFINE_TRACE(name)
+#define DEFINE_TRACE_FN(name, reg, unreg, proto, args)
+#define DEFINE_TRACE(name, proto, args)
 #define EXPORT_TRACEPOINT_SYMBOL_GPL(name)
 #define EXPORT_TRACEPOINT_SYMBOL(name)
 
--- a/include/trace/define_trace.h
+++ b/include/trace/define_trace.h
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@
 
 #undef TRACE_EVENT
 #define TRACE_EVENT(name, proto, args, tstruct, assign, print)	\
-	DEFINE_TRACE(name)
+	DEFINE_TRACE(name, PARAMS(proto), PARAMS(args))
 
 #undef TRACE_EVENT_CONDITION
 #define TRACE_EVENT_CONDITION(name, proto, args, cond, tstruct, assign, print) \
@@ -39,12 +39,12 @@
 #undef TRACE_EVENT_FN
 #define TRACE_EVENT_FN(name, proto, args, tstruct,		\
 		assign, print, reg, unreg)			\
-	DEFINE_TRACE_FN(name, reg, unreg)
+	DEFINE_TRACE_FN(name, reg, unreg, PARAMS(proto), PARAMS(args))
 
 #undef TRACE_EVENT_FN_COND
 #define TRACE_EVENT_FN_COND(name, proto, args, cond, tstruct,		\
 		assign, print, reg, unreg)			\
-	DEFINE_TRACE_FN(name, reg, unreg)
+	DEFINE_TRACE_FN(name, reg, unreg, PARAMS(proto), PARAMS(args))
 
 #undef TRACE_EVENT_NOP
 #define TRACE_EVENT_NOP(name, proto, args, struct, assign, print)
@@ -54,15 +54,15 @@
 
 #undef DEFINE_EVENT
 #define DEFINE_EVENT(template, name, proto, args) \
-	DEFINE_TRACE(name)
+	DEFINE_TRACE(name, PARAMS(proto), PARAMS(args))
 
 #undef DEFINE_EVENT_FN
 #define DEFINE_EVENT_FN(template, name, proto, args, reg, unreg) \
-	DEFINE_TRACE_FN(name, reg, unreg)
+	DEFINE_TRACE_FN(name, reg, unreg, PARAMS(proto), PARAMS(args))
 
 #undef DEFINE_EVENT_PRINT
 #define DEFINE_EVENT_PRINT(template, name, proto, args, print)	\
-	DEFINE_TRACE(name)
+	DEFINE_TRACE(name, PARAMS(proto), PARAMS(args))
 
 #undef DEFINE_EVENT_CONDITION
 #define DEFINE_EVENT_CONDITION(template, name, proto, args, cond) \
@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@
 
 #undef DECLARE_TRACE
 #define DECLARE_TRACE(name, proto, args)	\
-	DEFINE_TRACE(name)
+	DEFINE_TRACE(name, PARAMS(proto), PARAMS(args))
 
 #undef TRACE_INCLUDE
 #undef __TRACE_INCLUDE
--- a/kernel/tracepoint.c
+++ b/kernel/tracepoint.c
@@ -221,6 +221,20 @@ static void *func_remove(struct tracepoi
 	return old;
 }
 
+static void tracepoint_update_call(struct tracepoint *tp, struct tracepoint_func *tp_funcs)
+{
+	void *func = tp->iterator;
+
+	/* Synthetic events do not have static call sites */
+	if (!tp->static_call_key)
+		return;
+
+	if (!tp_funcs[1].func)
+		func = tp_funcs[0].func;
+
+	__static_call_update(tp->static_call_key, tp->static_call_tramp, func);
+}
+
 /*
  * Add the probe function to a tracepoint.
  */
@@ -251,8 +265,9 @@ static int tracepoint_add_func(struct tr
 	 * include/linux/tracepoint.h using rcu_dereference_sched().
 	 */
 	rcu_assign_pointer(tp->funcs, tp_funcs);
-	if (!static_key_enabled(&tp->key))
-		static_key_slow_inc(&tp->key);
+	tracepoint_update_call(tp, tp_funcs);
+	static_key_enable(&tp->key);
+
 	release_probes(old);
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -281,9 +296,11 @@ static int tracepoint_remove_func(struct
 		if (tp->unregfunc && static_key_enabled(&tp->key))
 			tp->unregfunc();
 
-		if (static_key_enabled(&tp->key))
-			static_key_slow_dec(&tp->key);
+		static_key_disable(&tp->key);
+	} else {
+		tracepoint_update_call(tp, tp_funcs);
 	}
+
 	rcu_assign_pointer(tp->funcs, tp_funcs);
 	release_probes(old);
 	return 0;

[PATCH v6 17/17] x86/perf, static_call: Optimize x86_pmu methods

[Peter Zijlstra]

Replace many of the indirect calls with static_call().

The average PMI time, as measured by perf_sample_event_took()*:

PRE:    3283.03 [ns]
POST:   3145.12 [ns]

Which is a ~138 [ns] win per PMI, or a ~4.2% decrease.

[*] on an IVB-EP, using: 'perf record -a -e cycles -- make O=defconfig-build/ -j80'

Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
---
 arch/x86/events/core.c |  140 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++--------------
 1 file changed, 100 insertions(+), 40 deletions(-)

--- a/arch/x86/events/core.c
+++ b/arch/x86/events/core.c
@@ -28,6 +28,7 @@
 #include <linux/bitops.h>
 #include <linux/device.h>
 #include <linux/nospec.h>
+#include <linux/static_call.h>
 
 #include <asm/apic.h>
 #include <asm/stacktrace.h>
@@ -52,6 +53,34 @@ DEFINE_PER_CPU(struct cpu_hw_events, cpu
 DEFINE_STATIC_KEY_FALSE(rdpmc_never_available_key);
 DEFINE_STATIC_KEY_FALSE(rdpmc_always_available_key);
 
+/*
+ * This here uses DEFINE_STATIC_CALL_NULL() to get a static_call defined
+ * from just a typename, as opposed to an actual function.
+ */
+DEFINE_STATIC_CALL_NULL(x86_pmu_handle_irq,  *x86_pmu.handle_irq);
+DEFINE_STATIC_CALL_NULL(x86_pmu_disable_all, *x86_pmu.disable_all);
+DEFINE_STATIC_CALL_NULL(x86_pmu_enable_all,  *x86_pmu.enable_all);
+DEFINE_STATIC_CALL_NULL(x86_pmu_enable,	     *x86_pmu.enable);
+DEFINE_STATIC_CALL_NULL(x86_pmu_disable,     *x86_pmu.disable);
+
+DEFINE_STATIC_CALL_NULL(x86_pmu_add,  *x86_pmu.add);
+DEFINE_STATIC_CALL_NULL(x86_pmu_del,  *x86_pmu.del);
+DEFINE_STATIC_CALL_NULL(x86_pmu_read, *x86_pmu.read);
+
+DEFINE_STATIC_CALL_NULL(x86_pmu_schedule_events,       *x86_pmu.schedule_events);
+DEFINE_STATIC_CALL_NULL(x86_pmu_get_event_constraints, *x86_pmu.get_event_constraints);
+DEFINE_STATIC_CALL_NULL(x86_pmu_put_event_constraints, *x86_pmu.put_event_constraints);
+
+DEFINE_STATIC_CALL_NULL(x86_pmu_start_scheduling,  *x86_pmu.start_scheduling);
+DEFINE_STATIC_CALL_NULL(x86_pmu_commit_scheduling, *x86_pmu.commit_scheduling);
+DEFINE_STATIC_CALL_NULL(x86_pmu_stop_scheduling,   *x86_pmu.stop_scheduling);
+
+DEFINE_STATIC_CALL_NULL(x86_pmu_sched_task,    *x86_pmu.sched_task);
+DEFINE_STATIC_CALL_NULL(x86_pmu_swap_task_ctx, *x86_pmu.swap_task_ctx);
+
+DEFINE_STATIC_CALL_NULL(x86_pmu_drain_pebs,   *x86_pmu.drain_pebs);
+DEFINE_STATIC_CALL_NULL(x86_pmu_pebs_aliases, *x86_pmu.pebs_aliases);
+
 u64 __read_mostly hw_cache_event_ids
 				[PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_MAX]
 				[PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_OP_MAX]
@@ -660,7 +695,7 @@ static void x86_pmu_disable(struct pmu *
 	cpuc->enabled = 0;
 	barrier();
 
-	x86_pmu.disable_all();
+	static_call(x86_pmu_disable_all)();
 }
 
 void x86_pmu_enable_all(int added)
@@ -907,8 +942,7 @@ int x86_schedule_events(struct cpu_hw_ev
 	if (cpuc->txn_flags & PERF_PMU_TXN_ADD)
 		n0 -= cpuc->n_txn;
 
-	if (x86_pmu.start_scheduling)
-		x86_pmu.start_scheduling(cpuc);
+	static_call_cond(x86_pmu_start_scheduling)(cpuc);
 
 	for (i = 0, wmin = X86_PMC_IDX_MAX, wmax = 0; i < n; i++) {
 		c = cpuc->event_constraint[i];
@@ -925,7 +959,7 @@ int x86_schedule_events(struct cpu_hw_ev
 		 * change due to external factors (sibling state, allow_tfa).
 		 */
 		if (!c || (c->flags & PERF_X86_EVENT_DYNAMIC)) {
-			c = x86_pmu.get_event_constraints(cpuc, i, cpuc->event_list[i]);
+			c = static_call(x86_pmu_get_event_constraints)(cpuc, i, cpuc->event_list[i]);
 			cpuc->event_constraint[i] = c;
 		}
 
@@ -1008,8 +1042,7 @@ int x86_schedule_events(struct cpu_hw_ev
 	if (!unsched && assign) {
 		for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
 			e = cpuc->event_list[i];
-			if (x86_pmu.commit_scheduling)
-				x86_pmu.commit_scheduling(cpuc, i, assign[i]);
+			static_call_cond(x86_pmu_commit_scheduling)(cpuc, i, assign[i]);
 		}
 	} else {
 		for (i = n0; i < n; i++) {
@@ -1018,15 +1051,13 @@ int x86_schedule_events(struct cpu_hw_ev
 			/*
 			 * release events that failed scheduling
 			 */
-			if (x86_pmu.put_event_constraints)
-				x86_pmu.put_event_constraints(cpuc, e);
+			static_call_cond(x86_pmu_put_event_constraints)(cpuc, e);
 
 			cpuc->event_constraint[i] = NULL;
 		}
 	}
 
-	if (x86_pmu.stop_scheduling)
-		x86_pmu.stop_scheduling(cpuc);
+	static_call_cond(x86_pmu_stop_scheduling)(cpuc);
 
 	return unsched ? -EINVAL : 0;
 }
@@ -1217,7 +1248,7 @@ static void x86_pmu_enable(struct pmu *p
 	cpuc->enabled = 1;
 	barrier();
 
-	x86_pmu.enable_all(added);
+	static_call(x86_pmu_enable_all)(added);
 }
 
 static DEFINE_PER_CPU(u64 [X86_PMC_IDX_MAX], pmc_prev_left);
@@ -1338,7 +1369,7 @@ static int x86_pmu_add(struct perf_event
 	if (cpuc->txn_flags & PERF_PMU_TXN_ADD)
 		goto done_collect;
 
-	ret = x86_pmu.schedule_events(cpuc, n, assign);
+	ret = static_call(x86_pmu_schedule_events)(cpuc, n, assign);
 	if (ret)
 		goto out;
 	/*
@@ -1356,13 +1387,11 @@ static int x86_pmu_add(struct perf_event
 	cpuc->n_added += n - n0;
 	cpuc->n_txn += n - n0;
 
-	if (x86_pmu.add) {
-		/*
-		 * This is before x86_pmu_enable() will call x86_pmu_start(),
-		 * so we enable LBRs before an event needs them etc..
-		 */
-		x86_pmu.add(event);
-	}
+	/*
+	 * This is before x86_pmu_enable() will call x86_pmu_start(),
+	 * so we enable LBRs before an event needs them etc..
+	 */
+	static_call_cond(x86_pmu_add)(event);
 
 	ret = 0;
 out:
@@ -1390,7 +1419,7 @@ static void x86_pmu_start(struct perf_ev
 	cpuc->events[idx] = event;
 	__set_bit(idx, cpuc->active_mask);
 	__set_bit(idx, cpuc->running);
-	x86_pmu.enable(event);
+	static_call(x86_pmu_enable)(event);
 	perf_event_update_userpage(event);
 }
 
@@ -1460,7 +1489,7 @@ void x86_pmu_stop(struct perf_event *eve
 	struct hw_perf_event *hwc = &event->hw;
 
 	if (test_bit(hwc->idx, cpuc->active_mask)) {
-		x86_pmu.disable(event);
+		static_call(x86_pmu_disable)(event);
 		__clear_bit(hwc->idx, cpuc->active_mask);
 		cpuc->events[hwc->idx] = NULL;
 		WARN_ON_ONCE(hwc->state & PERF_HES_STOPPED);
@@ -1510,8 +1539,7 @@ static void x86_pmu_del(struct perf_even
 	if (i >= cpuc->n_events - cpuc->n_added)
 		--cpuc->n_added;
 
-	if (x86_pmu.put_event_constraints)
-		x86_pmu.put_event_constraints(cpuc, event);
+	static_call_cond(x86_pmu_put_event_constraints)(cpuc, event);
 
 	/* Delete the array entry. */
 	while (++i < cpuc->n_events) {
@@ -1524,13 +1552,12 @@ static void x86_pmu_del(struct perf_even
 	perf_event_update_userpage(event);
 
 do_del:
-	if (x86_pmu.del) {
-		/*
-		 * This is after x86_pmu_stop(); so we disable LBRs after any
-		 * event can need them etc..
-		 */
-		x86_pmu.del(event);
-	}
+
+	/*
+	 * This is after x86_pmu_stop(); so we disable LBRs after any
+	 * event can need them etc..
+	 */
+	static_call_cond(x86_pmu_del)(event);
 }
 
 int x86_pmu_handle_irq(struct pt_regs *regs)
@@ -1608,7 +1635,7 @@ perf_event_nmi_handler(unsigned int cmd,
 		return NMI_DONE;
 
 	start_clock = sched_clock();
-	ret = x86_pmu.handle_irq(regs);
+	ret = static_call(x86_pmu_handle_irq)(regs);
 	finish_clock = sched_clock();
 
 	perf_sample_event_took(finish_clock - start_clock);
@@ -1821,6 +1848,38 @@ ssize_t x86_event_sysfs_show(char *page,
 static struct attribute_group x86_pmu_attr_group;
 static struct attribute_group x86_pmu_caps_group;
 
+static void x86_pmu_static_call_update(void)
+{
+	static_call_update(x86_pmu_handle_irq, x86_pmu.handle_irq);
+	static_call_update(x86_pmu_disable_all, x86_pmu.disable_all);
+	static_call_update(x86_pmu_enable_all, x86_pmu.enable_all);
+	static_call_update(x86_pmu_enable, x86_pmu.enable);
+	static_call_update(x86_pmu_disable, x86_pmu.disable);
+
+	static_call_update(x86_pmu_add, x86_pmu.add);
+	static_call_update(x86_pmu_del, x86_pmu.del);
+	static_call_update(x86_pmu_read, x86_pmu.read);
+
+	static_call_update(x86_pmu_schedule_events, x86_pmu.schedule_events);
+	static_call_update(x86_pmu_get_event_constraints, x86_pmu.get_event_constraints);
+	static_call_update(x86_pmu_put_event_constraints, x86_pmu.put_event_constraints);
+
+	static_call_update(x86_pmu_start_scheduling, x86_pmu.start_scheduling);
+	static_call_update(x86_pmu_commit_scheduling, x86_pmu.commit_scheduling);
+	static_call_update(x86_pmu_stop_scheduling, x86_pmu.stop_scheduling);
+
+	static_call_update(x86_pmu_sched_task, x86_pmu.sched_task);
+	static_call_update(x86_pmu_swap_task_ctx, x86_pmu.swap_task_ctx);
+
+	static_call_update(x86_pmu_drain_pebs, x86_pmu.drain_pebs);
+	static_call_update(x86_pmu_pebs_aliases, x86_pmu.pebs_aliases);
+}
+
+static void _x86_pmu_read(struct perf_event *event)
+{
+	x86_perf_event_update(event);
+}
+
 static int __init init_hw_perf_events(void)
 {
 	struct x86_pmu_quirk *quirk;
@@ -1889,6 +1948,11 @@ static int __init init_hw_perf_events(vo
 	pr_info("... fixed-purpose events:   %d\n",     x86_pmu.num_counters_fixed);
 	pr_info("... event mask:             %016Lx\n", x86_pmu.intel_ctrl);
 
+	if (!x86_pmu.read)
+		x86_pmu.read = _x86_pmu_read;
+
+	x86_pmu_static_call_update();
+
 	/*
 	 * Install callbacks. Core will call them for each online
 	 * cpu.
@@ -1925,11 +1989,9 @@ static int __init init_hw_perf_events(vo
 }
 early_initcall(init_hw_perf_events);
 
-static inline void x86_pmu_read(struct perf_event *event)
+static void x86_pmu_read(struct perf_event *event)
 {
-	if (x86_pmu.read)
-		return x86_pmu.read(event);
-	x86_perf_event_update(event);
+	static_call(x86_pmu_read)(event);
 }
 
 /*
@@ -2006,7 +2068,7 @@ static int x86_pmu_commit_txn(struct pmu
 	if (!x86_pmu_initialized())
 		return -EAGAIN;
 
-	ret = x86_pmu.schedule_events(cpuc, n, assign);
+	ret = static_call(x86_pmu_schedule_events)(cpuc, n, assign);
 	if (ret)
 		return ret;
 
@@ -2299,15 +2361,13 @@ static const struct attribute_group *x86
 
 static void x86_pmu_sched_task(struct perf_event_context *ctx, bool sched_in)
 {
-	if (x86_pmu.sched_task)
-		x86_pmu.sched_task(ctx, sched_in);
+	static_call_cond(x86_pmu_sched_task)(ctx, sched_in);
 }
 
 static void x86_pmu_swap_task_ctx(struct perf_event_context *prev,
 				  struct perf_event_context *next)
 {
-	if (x86_pmu.swap_task_ctx)
-		x86_pmu.swap_task_ctx(prev, next);
+	static_call_cond(x86_pmu_swap_task_ctx)(prev, next);
 }
 
 void perf_check_microcode(void)

Re: [PATCH v6 06/17] static_call: Add basic static call infrastructure

[Steven Rostedt]

On Fri, 10 Jul 2020 15:38:37 +0200
Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org> wrote:

> From: Josh Poimboeuf <jpoimboe@redhat.com>
> 
> Static calls are a replacement for global function pointers.  They use
> code patching to allow direct calls to be used instead of indirect
> calls.  They give the flexibility of function pointers, but with
> improved performance.  This is especially important for cases where
> retpolines would otherwise be used, as retpolines can significantly
> impact performance.
> 
> The concept and code are an extension of previous work done by Ard
> Biesheuvel and Steven Rostedt:
> 
>   https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20181005081333.15018-1-ard.biesheuvel@linaro.org
>   https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20181006015110.653946300@goodmis.org
> 
> There are two implementations, depending on arch support:
> 
>  1) out-of-line: patched trampolines (CONFIG_HAVE_STATIC_CALL)
>  2) basic function pointers
> 
> For more details, see the comments in include/linux/static_call.h.
> 
> [peterz: simplified interface]
> Signed-off-by: Josh Poimboeuf <jpoimboe@redhat.com>
> Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>

Reviewed-by: Steven Rostedt (VMware) <rostedt@goodmis.org>

-- Steve

Re: [PATCH v6 07/17] static_call: Add inline static call infrastructure

[Steven Rostedt]

On Fri, 10 Jul 2020 15:38:38 +0200
Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org> wrote:

> From: Josh Poimboeuf <jpoimboe@redhat.com>
> 
> Add infrastructure for an arch-specific CONFIG_HAVE_STATIC_CALL_INLINE
> option, which is a faster version of CONFIG_HAVE_STATIC_CALL.  At
> runtime, the static call sites are patched directly, rather than using
> the out-of-line trampolines.
> 
> Compared to out-of-line static calls, the performance benefits are more
> modest, but still measurable.  Steven Rostedt did some tracepoint
> measurements:
> 
>   https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20181126155405.72b4f718@gandalf.local.home
> 
> This code is heavily inspired by the jump label code (aka "static
> jumps"), as some of the concepts are very similar.
> 
> For more details, see the comments in include/linux/static_call.h.
> 
> [peterz: simplified interface; merged trampolines]
> Signed-off-by: Josh Poimboeuf <jpoimboe@redhat.com>
> Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>

Reviewed-by: Steven Rostedt (VMware) <rostedt@goodmis.org>

-- Steve


> ---
>  arch/Kconfig                      |    4 
>  include/asm-generic/vmlinux.lds.h |    7 
>  include/linux/module.h            |    5 
>  include/linux/static_call.h       |   36 ++++
>  include/linux/static_call_types.h |   13 +
>  kernel/Makefile                   |    1 
>  kernel/module.c                   |    5 
>  kernel/static_call.c              |  303 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
>  8 files changed, 373 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)
>  create mode 100644 kernel/static_call.c

Re: [PATCH v6 08/17] static_call: Avoid kprobes on inline static_call()s

[Steven Rostedt]

On Fri, 10 Jul 2020 15:38:39 +0200
Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org> wrote:

> Similar to how we disallow kprobes on any other dynamic text
> (ftrace/jump_label) also disallow kprobes on inline static_call()s.
> 
> Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>

I'd like to have Masami review this patch too.

> ---
>  arch/x86/kernel/kprobes/opt.c |    4 +-
>  include/linux/static_call.h   |   11 +++++++
>  kernel/kprobes.c              |    2 +
>  kernel/static_call.c          |   64 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
>  4 files changed, 80 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)
> 
> --- a/arch/x86/kernel/kprobes/opt.c
> +++ b/arch/x86/kernel/kprobes/opt.c
> @@ -17,6 +17,7 @@
>  #include <linux/ftrace.h>
>  #include <linux/frame.h>
>  #include <linux/pgtable.h>
> +#include <linux/static_call.h>
>  
>  #include <asm/text-patching.h>
>  #include <asm/cacheflush.h>
> @@ -209,7 +210,8 @@ static int copy_optimized_instructions(u
>  	/* Check whether the address range is reserved */
>  	if (ftrace_text_reserved(src, src + len - 1) ||
>  	    alternatives_text_reserved(src, src + len - 1) ||
> -	    jump_label_text_reserved(src, src + len - 1))
> +	    jump_label_text_reserved(src, src + len - 1) ||
> +	    static_call_text_reserved(src, src + len - 1))
>  		return -EBUSY;
>  
>  	return len;
> --- a/include/linux/static_call.h
> +++ b/include/linux/static_call.h
> @@ -110,6 +110,7 @@ struct static_call_key {
>  
>  extern void __static_call_update(struct static_call_key *key, void *tramp, void *func);
>  extern int static_call_mod_init(struct module *mod);
> +extern int static_call_text_reserved(void *start, void *end);
>  
>  #define DEFINE_STATIC_CALL(name, _func)					\
>  	DECLARE_STATIC_CALL(name, _func);				\
> @@ -153,6 +154,11 @@ void __static_call_update(struct static_
>  	cpus_read_unlock();
>  }
>  
> +static inline int static_call_text_reserved(void *start, void *end)
> +{
> +	return 0;
> +}
> +
>  #define EXPORT_STATIC_CALL(name)					\
>  	EXPORT_SYMBOL(STATIC_CALL_KEY(name));				\
>  	EXPORT_SYMBOL(STATIC_CALL_TRAMP(name))
> @@ -182,6 +188,11 @@ void __static_call_update(struct static_
>  	WRITE_ONCE(key->func, func);
>  }
>  
> +static inline int static_call_text_reserved(void *start, void *end)
> +{
> +	return 0;
> +}
> +
>  #define EXPORT_STATIC_CALL(name)	EXPORT_SYMBOL(STATIC_CALL_KEY(name))
>  #define EXPORT_STATIC_CALL_GPL(name)	EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(STATIC_CALL_KEY(name))
>  
> --- a/kernel/kprobes.c
> +++ b/kernel/kprobes.c
> @@ -35,6 +35,7 @@
>  #include <linux/ftrace.h>
>  #include <linux/cpu.h>
>  #include <linux/jump_label.h>
> +#include <linux/static_call.h>
>  
>  #include <asm/sections.h>
>  #include <asm/cacheflush.h>
> @@ -1591,6 +1592,7 @@ static int check_kprobe_address_safe(str
>  	if (!kernel_text_address((unsigned long) p->addr) ||
>  	    within_kprobe_blacklist((unsigned long) p->addr) ||
>  	    jump_label_text_reserved(p->addr, p->addr) ||
> +	    static_call_text_reserved(p->addr, p->addr) ||
>  	    find_bug((unsigned long)p->addr)) {
>  		ret = -EINVAL;
>  		goto out;
> --- a/kernel/static_call.c
> +++ b/kernel/static_call.c
> @@ -204,8 +204,58 @@ static int __static_call_init(struct mod
>  	return 0;
>  }
>  
> +static int addr_conflict(struct static_call_site *site, void *start, void *end)
> +{
> +	unsigned long addr = (unsigned long)static_call_addr(site);
> +
> +	if (addr <= (unsigned long)end &&
> +	    addr + CALL_INSN_SIZE > (unsigned long)start)
> +		return 1;
> +
> +	return 0;
> +}
> +
> +static int __static_call_text_reserved(struct static_call_site *iter_start,
> +				       struct static_call_site *iter_stop,
> +				       void *start, void *end)
> +{
> +	struct static_call_site *iter = iter_start;
> +
> +	while (iter < iter_stop) {
> +		if (addr_conflict(iter, start, end))
> +			return 1;
> +		iter++;
> +	}
> +
> +	return 0;
> +}
> +
>  #ifdef CONFIG_MODULES
>  
> +static int __static_call_mod_text_reserved(void *start, void *end)
> +{
> +	struct module *mod;
> +	int ret;
> +
> +	preempt_disable();
> +	mod = __module_text_address((unsigned long)start);
> +	WARN_ON_ONCE(__module_text_address((unsigned long)end) != mod);
> +	if (!try_module_get(mod))
> +		mod = NULL;
> +	preempt_enable();
> +
> +	if (!mod)
> +		return 0;
> +
> +	ret = __static_call_text_reserved(mod->static_call_sites,
> +			mod->static_call_sites + mod->num_static_call_sites,
> +			start, end);
> +
> +	module_put(mod);
> +
> +	return ret;
> +}
> +
>  static int static_call_add_module(struct module *mod)
>  {
>  	return __static_call_init(mod, mod->static_call_sites,
> @@ -275,6 +325,20 @@ static struct notifier_block static_call
>  
>  #endif /* CONFIG_MODULES */
>  
> +int static_call_text_reserved(void *start, void *end)
> +{
> +	int ret = __static_call_text_reserved(__start_static_call_sites,
> +			__stop_static_call_sites, start, end);
> +
> +	if (ret)
> +		return ret;
> +
> +#ifdef CONFIG_MODULES
> +	ret = __static_call_mod_text_reserved(start, end);
> +#endif

Nit, but why not have a #else /* !CONFIG_MODULE */ above and just:

static inline int __static_call_mod_text_reserve(..)
{
	return 0;
}
#endif

?

Then you don't need the extra #ifdef above, and just end it with:

	return __static_call_mod_next_reserved(start, end);

-- Steve


> +	return ret;
> +}
> +
>  static void __init static_call_init(void)
>  {
>  	int ret;
> 

Re: [PATCH v6 09/17] x86/static_call: Add out-of-line static call implementation

[Steven Rostedt]

On Fri, 10 Jul 2020 15:38:40 +0200
Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org> wrote:

> From: Josh Poimboeuf <jpoimboe@redhat.com>
> 
> Add the x86 out-of-line static call implementation.  For each key, a
> permanent trampoline is created which is the destination for all static
> calls for the given key.  The trampoline has a direct jump which gets
> patched by static_call_update() when the destination function changes.

FYI, I get the following warnings after applying this patch.

/work/git/linux-test.git/arch/x86/kernel/static_call.c: In function ‘__static_call_transform’:
/work/git/linux-test.git/arch/x86/kernel/static_call.c:9:43: warning: passing argument 2 of ‘text_gen_insn’ makes pointer from integer without a cast [-Wint-conversion]
    9 |  const void *code = text_gen_insn(opcode, (long)insn, (long)func);
      |                                           ^~~~~~~~~~
      |                                           |
      |                                           long int
In file included from /work/git/linux-test.git/arch/x86/include/asm/static_call.h:5,
                 from /work/git/linux-test.git/include/linux/static_call.h:62,
                 from /work/git/linux-test.git/arch/x86/kernel/static_call.c:2:
/work/git/linux-test.git/arch/x86/include/asm/text-patching.h:95:44: note: expected ‘const void *’ but argument is of type ‘long int’
   95 | void *text_gen_insn(u8 opcode, const void *addr, const void *dest)
      |                                ~~~~~~~~~~~~^~~~
/work/git/linux-test.git/arch/x86/kernel/static_call.c:9:55: warning: passing argument 3 of ‘text_gen_insn’ makes pointer from integer without a cast [-Wint-conversion]
    9 |  const void *code = text_gen_insn(opcode, (long)insn, (long)func);
      |                                                       ^~~~~~~~~~
      |                                                       |
      |                                                       long int
In file included from /work/git/linux-test.git/arch/x86/include/asm/static_call.h:5,
                 from /work/git/linux-test.git/include/linux/static_call.h:62,
                 from /work/git/linux-test.git/arch/x86/kernel/static_call.c:2:
/work/git/linux-test.git/arch/x86/include/asm/text-patching.h:95:62: note: expected ‘const void *’ but argument is of type ‘long int’
   95 | void *text_gen_insn(u8 opcode, const void *addr, const void *dest)


-- Steve

Re: [PATCH v6 10/17] x86/static_call: Add inline static call implementation for x86-64

[Steven Rostedt]

On Fri, 10 Jul 2020 15:38:41 +0200
Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org> wrote:
> --- a/tools/objtool/check.c
> +++ b/tools/objtool/check.c
> @@ -16,6 +16,7 @@
>  
>  #include <linux/hashtable.h>
>  #include <linux/kernel.h>
> +#include <linux/static_call_types.h>
>  
>  #define FAKE_JUMP_OFFSET -1
>  
> @@ -433,6 +434,99 @@ static int add_dead_ends(struct objtool_
>  	return 0;
>  }
>  
> +static int create_static_call_sections(struct objtool_file *file)
> +{
> +	struct section *sec, *reloc_sec;
> +	struct reloc *reloc;
> +	struct static_call_site *site;
> +	struct instruction *insn;
> +	struct symbol *key_sym;
> +	char *key_name, *tmp;
> +	int idx;
> +
> +	sec = find_section_by_name(file->elf, ".static_call_sites");
> +	if (sec) {
> +		INIT_LIST_HEAD(&file->static_call_list);
> +		WARN("file already has .static_call_sites section, skipping");
> +		return 0;
> +	}
> +
> +	if (list_empty(&file->static_call_list))
> +		return 0;
> +
> +	idx = 0;
> +	list_for_each_entry(insn, &file->static_call_list, static_call_node)
> +		idx++;
> +
> +	sec = elf_create_section(file->elf, ".static_call_sites", SHF_WRITE,
> +				 sizeof(struct static_call_site), idx);
> +	if (!sec)
> +		return -1;
> +
> +	reloc_sec = elf_create_reloc_section(file->elf, sec, SHT_RELA);
> +	if (!reloc_sec)
> +		return -1;
> +
> +	idx = 0;
> +	list_for_each_entry(insn, &file->static_call_list, static_call_node) {
> +
> +		site = (struct static_call_site *)sec->data->d_buf + idx;
> +		memset(site, 0, sizeof(struct static_call_site));
> +
> +		/* populate reloc for 'addr' */
> +		reloc = malloc(sizeof(*reloc));
> +		if (!reloc) {
> +			perror("malloc");
> +			return -1;
> +		}
> +		memset(reloc, 0, sizeof(*reloc));
> +		reloc->sym = insn->sec->sym;
> +		reloc->addend = insn->offset;
> +		reloc->type = R_X86_64_PC32;
> +		reloc->offset = idx * sizeof(struct static_call_site);
> +		reloc->sec = reloc_sec;
> +		elf_add_reloc(file->elf, reloc);
> +
> +		/* find key symbol */
> +		key_name = strdup(insn->call_dest->name);

Should check for failed allocation of strdup().

> +		if (strncmp(key_name, STATIC_CALL_TRAMP_PREFIX_STR,
> +			    strlen(STATIC_CALL_TRAMP_PREFIX_STR))) {
> +			WARN("static_call: trampoline name malformed: %s", key_name);
> +			return -1;
> +		}
> +		tmp = key_name + STATIC_CALL_TRAMP_PREFIX_LEN - STATIC_CALL_KEY_PREFIX_LEN;
> +		memcpy(tmp, STATIC_CALL_KEY_PREFIX_STR, STATIC_CALL_KEY_PREFIX_LEN);
> +
> +		key_sym = find_symbol_by_name(file->elf, tmp);
> +		if (!key_sym) {
> +			WARN("static_call: can't find static_call_key symbol: %s", tmp);
> +			return -1;
> +		}
> +		free(key_name);
> +
> +		/* populate reloc for 'key' */
> +		reloc = malloc(sizeof(*reloc));
> +		if (!reloc) {
> +			perror("malloc");
> +			return -1;
> +		}
> +		memset(reloc, 0, sizeof(*reloc));
> +		reloc->sym = key_sym;
> +		reloc->addend = 0;
> +		reloc->type = R_X86_64_PC32;

How easy would this be for other architectures to implement this? That
is how much of this function is x86 specific?


-- Steve

> +		reloc->offset = idx * sizeof(struct static_call_site) + 4;
> +		reloc->sec = reloc_sec;
> +		elf_add_reloc(file->elf, reloc);
> +
> +		idx++;
> +	}
> +
> +	if (elf_rebuild_reloc_section(file->elf, reloc_sec))
> +		return -1;
> +
> +	return 0;
> +}
> +

Re: [PATCH v6 11/17] static_call: Simple self-test

[Steven Rostedt]

On Fri, 10 Jul 2020 15:38:42 +0200
Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org> wrote:

> Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
> ---
>  arch/Kconfig         |    6 ++++++
>  kernel/static_call.c |   28 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
>  2 files changed, 34 insertions(+)
> 
> --- a/arch/Kconfig
> +++ b/arch/Kconfig
> @@ -103,6 +103,12 @@ config STATIC_KEYS_SELFTEST
>  	help
>  	  Boot time self-test of the branch patching code.
>  
> +config STATIC_CALL_SELFTEST
> +	bool "Static call selftest"
> +	depends on HAVE_STATIC_CALL
> +	help
> +	  Boot time self-test of the call patching code.
> +
>  config OPTPROBES
>  	def_bool y
>  	depends on KPROBES && HAVE_OPTPROBES
> --- a/kernel/static_call.c
> +++ b/kernel/static_call.c
> @@ -364,3 +364,31 @@ static void __init static_call_init(void
>  #endif
>  }
>  early_initcall(static_call_init);
> +
> +#ifdef CONFIG_STATIC_CALL_SELFTEST
> +
> +static int func_a(int x)
> +{
> +	return x+1;
> +}
> +
> +static int func_b(int x)
> +{
> +	return x+2;
> +}
> +
> +DEFINE_STATIC_CALL(sc_selftest, func_a);
> +
> +static int __init test_static_call_init(void)
> +{
> +	WARN_ON(static_call(sc_selftest)(2) != 3);
> +	static_call_update(sc_selftest, &func_b);
> +	WARN_ON(static_call(sc_selftest)(2) != 4);
> +	static_call_update(sc_selftest, &func_a);
> +	WARN_ON(static_call(sc_selftest)(2) != 3);
> +
> +	return 0;
> +}

I wonder if this would be better if we were testing the same static call each time?

static int __init run_static_call(int val)
{
	return static_call(sc_selftest)(val);
}

static struct {
	int (*func)(int);
	int val;
	int expect;
} static_call_data [] = {
	{ NULL, 2, 3 }
	( func_b, 2 , 4},
	{ func_a, 2, 3}
} __initdata;

static int __init test_static_call_init(void)
{
	int i;

	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(static_call_data); i++ ) {
		if (static_call_data[i].func)
			static_call_update(sc_selftest, static_call_data[i].func);
		WARN_ON(run_static_call(static_call_data[i].val) != static_call_data[i].expect);
	}

	return 0;
}

-- Steve


> +early_initcall(test_static_call_init);
> +
> +#endif /* CONFIG_STATIC_CALL_SELFTEST */
> 

Re: [PATCH v6 12/17] x86/alternatives: Teach text_poke_bp() to emulate RET

[Steven Rostedt]

On Fri, 10 Jul 2020 15:38:43 +0200
Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org> wrote:

> Future patches will need to poke a RET instruction, provide the
> infrastructure required for this.
> 
> Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>

Much easier than emulating a CALL :-)

Reviewed-by: Steven Rostedt (VMware) <rostedt@goodmis.org>

-- Steve

Re: [PATCH v6 13/17] static_call: Add static_call_cond()

[Steven Rostedt]

On Fri, 10 Jul 2020 15:38:44 +0200
Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org> wrote:

> +static void __static_call_transform(void *insn, enum insn_type type, void *func)
>  {
> -	const void *code = text_gen_insn(opcode, insn, func);
> +	int size = CALL_INSN_SIZE;
> +	const void *code;
>  
> -	if (WARN_ONCE(*(u8 *)insn != opcode,
> -		      "unexpected static call insn opcode 0x%x at %pS\n",
> -		      opcode, insn))

I would still feel better if we did some sort of sanity check before
just writing to the text. Confirm this is a jmp, call, ret or nop?

-- Steve


> -		return;
> +	switch (type) {
> +	case CALL:
> +		code = text_gen_insn(CALL_INSN_OPCODE, insn, func);
> +		break;
> +
> +	case NOP:
> +		code = ideal_nops[NOP_ATOMIC5];
> +		break;
> +
> +	case JMP:
> +		code = text_gen_insn(JMP32_INSN_OPCODE, insn, func);
> +		break;
> +
> +	case RET:
> +		code = text_gen_insn(RET_INSN_OPCODE, insn, func);
> +		size = RET_INSN_SIZE;
> +		break;
> +	}
>  
> -	if (memcmp(insn, code, CALL_INSN_SIZE) == 0)
> +	if (memcmp(insn, code, size) == 0)
>  		return;
>  
> -	text_poke_bp(insn, code, CALL_INSN_SIZE, NULL);
> +	text_poke_bp(insn, code, size, NULL);
>  }
>  

Re: [PATCH v6 14/17] static_call: Handle tail-calls

[Steven Rostedt]

On Fri, 10 Jul 2020 15:38:45 +0200
Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org> wrote:

> GCC can turn our static_call(name)(args...) into a tail call, in which
> case we get a JMP.d32 into the trampoline (which then does a further
> tail-call).
> 
> Teach objtool to recognise and mark these in .static_call_sites and
> adjust the code patching to deal with this.
> 

Hmm, were you able to trigger crashes before this patch?

> Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
> ---
>  arch/x86/kernel/static_call.c           |   21 ++++++++++++++++++---
>  include/linux/static_call.h             |    4 ++--
>  include/linux/static_call_types.h       |    7 +++++++
>  kernel/static_call.c                    |   21 +++++++++++++--------
>  tools/include/linux/static_call_types.h |    7 +++++++
>  tools/objtool/check.c                   |   18 +++++++++++++-----
>  6 files changed, 60 insertions(+), 18 deletions(-)
> 
> --- a/arch/x86/kernel/static_call.c
> +++ b/arch/x86/kernel/static_call.c
> @@ -41,15 +41,30 @@ static void __static_call_transform(void
>  	text_poke_bp(insn, code, size, NULL);
>  }
>  
> -void arch_static_call_transform(void *site, void *tramp, void *func)
> +static inline enum insn_type __sc_insn(bool null, bool tail)
> +{
> +	/*
> +	 * Encode the following table without branches:
> +	 *
> +	 *	tail	null	insn
> +	 *	-----+-------+------
> +	 *	  0  |   0   |  CALL
> +	 *	  0  |   1   |  NOP
> +	 *	  1  |   0   |  JMP
> +	 *	  1  |   1   |  RET
> +	 */
> +	return 2*tail + null;
> +}
> +
> +void arch_static_call_transform(void *site, void *tramp, void *func, bool tail)
>  {
>  	mutex_lock(&text_mutex);
>  
>  	if (tramp)
> -		__static_call_transform(tramp, func ? JMP : RET, func);
> +		__static_call_transform(tramp, __sc_insn(!func, true), func);
>  
>  	if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_HAVE_STATIC_CALL_INLINE) && site)
> -		__static_call_transform(site, func ? CALL : NOP, func);
> +		__static_call_transform(site, __sc_insn(!func, tail), func);
>  
>  	mutex_unlock(&text_mutex);
>  }
> --- a/include/linux/static_call.h
> +++ b/include/linux/static_call.h
> @@ -103,7 +103,7 @@
>  /*
>   * Either @site or @tramp can be NULL.
>   */
> -extern void arch_static_call_transform(void *site, void *tramp, void *func);
> +extern void arch_static_call_transform(void *site, void *tramp, void *func, bool tail);
>  
>  #define STATIC_CALL_TRAMP_ADDR(name) &STATIC_CALL_TRAMP(name)
>  
> @@ -206,7 +206,7 @@ void __static_call_update(struct static_
>  {
>  	cpus_read_lock();
>  	WRITE_ONCE(key->func, func);
> -	arch_static_call_transform(NULL, tramp, func);
> +	arch_static_call_transform(NULL, tramp, func, false);
>  	cpus_read_unlock();
>  }
>  
> --- a/include/linux/static_call_types.h
> +++ b/include/linux/static_call_types.h
> @@ -17,6 +17,13 @@
>  #define STATIC_CALL_TRAMP_STR(name)	__stringify(STATIC_CALL_TRAMP(name))
>  
>  /*
> + * Flags in the low bits of static_call_site::key.
> + */
> +#define STATIC_CALL_SITE_TAIL 1UL	/* tail call */
> +#define STATIC_CALL_SITE_INIT 2UL	/* init section */
> +#define STATIC_CALL_SITE_FLAGS 3UL
> +
> +/*
>   * The static call site table needs to be created by external tooling (objtool
>   * or a compiler plugin).
>   */
> --- a/kernel/static_call.c
> +++ b/kernel/static_call.c
> @@ -15,8 +15,6 @@ extern struct static_call_site __start_s
>  
>  static bool static_call_initialized;
>  
> -#define STATIC_CALL_INIT 1UL
> -
>  /* mutex to protect key modules/sites */
>  static DEFINE_MUTEX(static_call_mutex);
>  
> @@ -39,18 +37,23 @@ static inline void *static_call_addr(str
>  static inline struct static_call_key *static_call_key(const struct static_call_site *site)
>  {
>  	return (struct static_call_key *)
> -		(((long)site->key + (long)&site->key) & ~STATIC_CALL_INIT);
> +		(((long)site->key + (long)&site->key) & ~STATIC_CALL_SITE_FLAGS);
>  }
>  
>  /* These assume the key is word-aligned. */
>  static inline bool static_call_is_init(struct static_call_site *site)
>  {
> -	return ((long)site->key + (long)&site->key) & STATIC_CALL_INIT;
> +	return ((long)site->key + (long)&site->key) & STATIC_CALL_SITE_INIT;
> +}
> +
> +static inline bool static_call_is_tail(struct static_call_site *site)
> +{
> +	return ((long)site->key + (long)&site->key) & STATIC_CALL_SITE_TAIL;
>  }
>  
>  static inline void static_call_set_init(struct static_call_site *site)
>  {
> -	site->key = ((long)static_call_key(site) | STATIC_CALL_INIT) -
> +	site->key = ((long)static_call_key(site) | STATIC_CALL_SITE_INIT) -
>  		    (long)&site->key;
>  }
>  
> @@ -104,7 +107,7 @@ void __static_call_update(struct static_
>  
>  	key->func = func;
>  
> -	arch_static_call_transform(NULL, tramp, func);
> +	arch_static_call_transform(NULL, tramp, func, false);
>  
>  	/*
>  	 * If uninitialized, we'll not update the callsites, but they still
> @@ -154,7 +157,8 @@ void __static_call_update(struct static_
>  				continue;
>  			}
>  
> -			arch_static_call_transform(site_addr, NULL, func);
> +			arch_static_call_transform(site_addr, NULL, func,
> +				static_call_is_tail(site));
>  		}
>  	}
>  
> @@ -198,7 +202,8 @@ static int __static_call_init(struct mod
>  			key->mods = site_mod;
>  		}
>  
> -		arch_static_call_transform(site_addr, NULL, key->func);
> +		arch_static_call_transform(site_addr, NULL, key->func,
> +				static_call_is_tail(site));
>  	}
>  
>  	return 0;
> --- a/tools/include/linux/static_call_types.h
> +++ b/tools/include/linux/static_call_types.h
> @@ -17,6 +17,13 @@
>  #define STATIC_CALL_TRAMP_STR(name)	__stringify(STATIC_CALL_TRAMP(name))
>  
>  /*
> + * Flags in the low bits of static_call_site::key.
> + */
> +#define STATIC_CALL_SITE_TAIL 1UL	/* tail call */
> +#define STATIC_CALL_SITE_INIT 2UL	/* init section */
> +#define STATIC_CALL_SITE_FLAGS 3UL
> +
> +/*
>   * The static call site table needs to be created by external tooling (objtool
>   * or a compiler plugin).
>   */
> --- a/tools/objtool/check.c
> +++ b/tools/objtool/check.c
> @@ -511,7 +511,7 @@ static int create_static_call_sections(s
>  		}
>  		memset(reloc, 0, sizeof(*reloc));
>  		reloc->sym = key_sym;
> -		reloc->addend = 0;
> +		reloc->addend = is_sibling_call(insn) ? STATIC_CALL_SITE_TAIL : 0;
>  		reloc->type = R_X86_64_PC32;
>  		reloc->offset = idx * sizeof(struct static_call_site) + 4;
>  		reloc->sec = reloc_sec;
> @@ -720,6 +720,10 @@ static int add_jump_destinations(struct
>  		} else {
>  			/* external sibling call */
>  			insn->call_dest = reloc->sym;
> +			if (insn->call_dest->static_call_tramp) {
> +				list_add_tail(&insn->static_call_node,
> +					      &file->static_call_list);
> +			}
>  			continue;
>  		}
>  
> @@ -771,6 +775,10 @@ static int add_jump_destinations(struct
>  
>  				/* internal sibling call */
>  				insn->call_dest = insn->jump_dest->func;
> +				if (insn->call_dest->static_call_tramp) {
> +					list_add_tail(&insn->static_call_node,
> +						      &file->static_call_list);
> +				}
>  			}
>  		}
>  	}
> @@ -1639,6 +1647,10 @@ static int decode_sections(struct objtoo
>  	if (ret)
>  		return ret;
>  
> +	ret = read_static_call_tramps(file);
> +	if (ret)
> +		return ret;
> +
>  	ret = add_jump_destinations(file);
>  	if (ret)
>  		return ret;
> @@ -1671,10 +1683,6 @@ static int decode_sections(struct objtoo
>  	if (ret)
>  		return ret;
>  
> -	ret = read_static_call_tramps(file);
> -	if (ret)
> -		return ret;

Hmm, what's the reason for moving this above? Should we have a comment
here if there's importance that read_static_call_trampoline() is done
earlier?

-- Steve


> -
>  	return 0;
>  }
>  
> 

Re: [PATCH v6 15/17] static_call: Allow early init

[Steven Rostedt]

On Fri, 10 Jul 2020 15:38:46 +0200
Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org> wrote:

> In order to use static_call() to wire up x86_pmu, we need to
> initialize earlier; copy some of the tricks from jump_label to enable
> this.
> 
> Primarily we overload key->next to store a sites pointer when there
> are no modules, this avoids having to use kmalloc() to initialize the
> sites and allows us to run much earlier.
> 

I'm confused. What was the need to have key->next store site pointers
in order to move it up earlier?

-- Steve


> (arguably, this is much much earlier than needed for perf, but it
> might allow other uses.)
> 
> Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
> ---
>  arch/x86/kernel/setup.c       |    2 +
>  arch/x86/kernel/static_call.c |    8 +++++-
>  include/linux/static_call.h   |   15 +++++++++--
>  kernel/static_call.c          |   55 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++---
>  4 files changed, 74 insertions(+), 6 deletions(-)
> 
> --- a/arch/x86/kernel/setup.c
> +++ b/arch/x86/kernel/setup.c
> @@ -19,6 +19,7 @@
>  #include <linux/hugetlb.h>
>  #include <linux/tboot.h>
>  #include <linux/usb/xhci-dbgp.h>
> +#include <linux/static_call.h>
>  
>  #include <uapi/linux/mount.h>
>  
> @@ -848,6 +849,7 @@ void __init setup_arch(char **cmdline_p)
>  	early_cpu_init();
>  	arch_init_ideal_nops();
>  	jump_label_init();
> +	static_call_init();
>  	early_ioremap_init();
>  
>  	setup_olpc_ofw_pgd();
> --- a/arch/x86/kernel/static_call.c
> +++ b/arch/x86/kernel/static_call.c
> @@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ enum insn_type {
>  	RET = 3,  /* tramp / site cond-tail-call */
>  };
>  
> -static void __static_call_transform(void *insn, enum insn_type type, void *func)
> +static void __ref __static_call_transform(void *insn, enum insn_type type, void *func)
>  {
>  	int size = CALL_INSN_SIZE;
>  	const void *code;
> @@ -33,11 +33,17 @@ static void __static_call_transform(void
>  		code = text_gen_insn(RET_INSN_OPCODE, insn, func);
>  		size = RET_INSN_SIZE;
>  		break;
> +
> +	default: /* GCC is a moron -- it figures @code can be uninitialized below */
> +		BUG();
>  	}
>  
>  	if (memcmp(insn, code, size) == 0)
>  		return;
>  
> +	if (unlikely(system_state == SYSTEM_BOOTING))
> +		return text_poke_early(insn, code, size);
> +
>  	text_poke_bp(insn, code, size, NULL);
>  }
>  
> --- a/include/linux/static_call.h
> +++ b/include/linux/static_call.h
> @@ -99,6 +99,8 @@ extern void arch_static_call_transform(v
>  
>  #ifdef CONFIG_HAVE_STATIC_CALL_INLINE
>  
> +extern void __init static_call_init(void);
> +
>  struct static_call_mod {
>  	struct static_call_mod *next;
>  	struct module *mod; /* for vmlinux, mod == NULL */
> @@ -107,7 +109,12 @@ struct static_call_mod {
>  
>  struct static_call_key {
>  	void *func;
> -	struct static_call_mod *mods;
> +	union {
> +		/* bit 0: 0 = mods, 1 = sites */
> +		unsigned long type;
> +		struct static_call_mod *mods;
> +		struct static_call_site *sites;
> +	};
>  };
>  
>  extern void __static_call_update(struct static_call_key *key, void *tramp, void *func);
> @@ -118,7 +125,7 @@ extern int static_call_text_reserved(voi
>  	DECLARE_STATIC_CALL(name, _func);				\
>  	struct static_call_key STATIC_CALL_KEY(name) = {		\
>  		.func = _func,						\
> -		.mods = NULL,						\
> +		.type = 1,						\
>  	};								\
>  	ARCH_DEFINE_STATIC_CALL_TRAMP(name, _func)
>  
> @@ -143,6 +150,8 @@ extern int static_call_text_reserved(voi
>  
>  #elif defined(CONFIG_HAVE_STATIC_CALL)
>  
> +static inline void static_call_init(void) { }
> +
>  struct static_call_key {
>  	void *func;
>  };
> @@ -188,6 +197,8 @@ static inline int static_call_text_reser
>  
>  #else /* Generic implementation */
>  
> +static inline void static_call_init(void) { }
> +
>  struct static_call_key {
>  	void *func;
>  };
> --- a/kernel/static_call.c
> +++ b/kernel/static_call.c
> @@ -94,10 +94,31 @@ static inline void static_call_sort_entr
>  	     static_call_site_cmp, static_call_site_swap);
>  }
>  
> +static inline bool static_call_key_has_mods(struct static_call_key *key)
> +{
> +	return !(key->type & 1);
> +}
> +
> +static inline struct static_call_mod *static_call_key_next(struct static_call_key *key)
> +{
> +	if (!static_call_key_has_mods(key))
> +		return NULL;
> +
> +	return key->mods;
> +}
> +
> +static inline struct static_call_site *static_call_key_sites(struct static_call_key *key)
> +{
> +	if (static_call_key_has_mods(key))
> +		return NULL;
> +
> +	return (struct static_call_site *)(key->type & ~1);
> +}
> +
>  void __static_call_update(struct static_call_key *key, void *tramp, void *func)
>  {
>  	struct static_call_site *site, *stop;
> -	struct static_call_mod *site_mod;
> +	struct static_call_mod *site_mod, first;
>  
>  	cpus_read_lock();
>  	static_call_lock();
> @@ -116,13 +137,22 @@ void __static_call_update(struct static_
>  	if (WARN_ON_ONCE(!static_call_initialized))
>  		goto done;
>  
> -	for (site_mod = key->mods; site_mod; site_mod = site_mod->next) {
> +	first = (struct static_call_mod){
> +		.next = static_call_key_next(key),
> +		.mod = NULL,
> +		.sites = static_call_key_sites(key),
> +	};
> +
> +	for (site_mod = &first; site_mod; site_mod = site_mod->next) {
>  		struct module *mod = site_mod->mod;
>  
>  		if (!site_mod->sites) {
>  			/*
>  			 * This can happen if the static call key is defined in
>  			 * a module which doesn't use it.
> +			 *
> +			 * It also happens in the has_mods case, where the
> +			 * 'first' entry has no sites associated with it.
>  			 */
>  			continue;
>  		}
> @@ -192,16 +222,35 @@ static int __static_call_init(struct mod
>  		if (key != prev_key) {
>  			prev_key = key;
>  
> +			if (!mod) {
> +				key->sites = site;
> +				key->type |= 1;
> +				goto do_transform;
> +			}
> +
>  			site_mod = kzalloc(sizeof(*site_mod), GFP_KERNEL);
>  			if (!site_mod)
>  				return -ENOMEM;
>  
> +			if (!static_call_key_has_mods(key)) {
> +				site_mod->mod = NULL;
> +				site_mod->next = NULL;
> +				site_mod->sites = static_call_key_sites(key);
> +
> +				key->mods = site_mod;
> +
> +				site_mod = kzalloc(sizeof(*site_mod), GFP_KERNEL);
> +				if (!site_mod)
> +					return -ENOMEM;
> +			}
> +
>  			site_mod->mod = mod;
>  			site_mod->sites = site;
>  			site_mod->next = key->mods;
>  			key->mods = site_mod;
>  		}
>  
> +do_transform:
>  		arch_static_call_transform(site_addr, NULL, key->func,
>  				static_call_is_tail(site));
>  	}
> @@ -344,7 +393,7 @@ int static_call_text_reserved(void *star
>  	return ret;
>  }
>  
> -static void __init static_call_init(void)
> +void __init static_call_init(void)
>  {
>  	int ret;
>  
> 

Re: [PATCH v6 14/17] static_call: Handle tail-calls

[Peter Zijlstra]

On Fri, Jul 10, 2020 at 08:23:19PM -0400, Steven Rostedt wrote:
> On Fri, 10 Jul 2020 15:38:45 +0200
> Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org> wrote:
> 
> > GCC can turn our static_call(name)(args...) into a tail call, in which
> > case we get a JMP.d32 into the trampoline (which then does a further
> > tail-call).
> > 
> > Teach objtool to recognise and mark these in .static_call_sites and
> > adjust the code patching to deal with this.
> > 
> 
> Hmm, were you able to trigger crashes before this patch?

No, just a bunch of tail-calls that didn't get patched and would still
point to the trampoline.

Re: [PATCH v6 14/17] static_call: Handle tail-calls

[Peter Zijlstra]

On Fri, Jul 10, 2020 at 08:23:19PM -0400, Steven Rostedt wrote:
> On Fri, 10 Jul 2020 15:38:45 +0200
> Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org> wrote:
> > @@ -1639,6 +1647,10 @@ static int decode_sections(struct objtoo
> >  	if (ret)
> >  		return ret;
> >  
> > +	ret = read_static_call_tramps(file);
> > +	if (ret)
> > +		return ret;
> > +
> >  	ret = add_jump_destinations(file);
> >  	if (ret)
> >  		return ret;
> > @@ -1671,10 +1683,6 @@ static int decode_sections(struct objtoo
> >  	if (ret)
> >  		return ret;
> >  
> > -	ret = read_static_call_tramps(file);
> > -	if (ret)
> > -		return ret;
> 
> Hmm, what's the reason for moving this above? Should we have a comment
> here if there's importance that read_static_call_trampoline() is done
> earlier?

I suppose comments is something objtool lacks more of.

The reason is that add_jump_destination() is the thing that does
tail-call detection, and if it wants to add static-call sites, it needs
to know about the trampolines.

Re: [PATCH v6 15/17] static_call: Allow early init

[Peter Zijlstra]

On Fri, Jul 10, 2020 at 09:14:26PM -0400, Steven Rostedt wrote:
> On Fri, 10 Jul 2020 15:38:46 +0200
> Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org> wrote:
> 
> > In order to use static_call() to wire up x86_pmu, we need to
> > initialize earlier; copy some of the tricks from jump_label to enable
> > this.
> > 
> > Primarily we overload key->next to store a sites pointer when there
> > are no modules, this avoids having to use kmalloc() to initialize the
> > sites and allows us to run much earlier.
> > 
> 
> I'm confused. What was the need to have key->next store site pointers
> in order to move it up earlier?

The critical part was to not need an allocation.

Re: [PATCH v6 13/17] static_call: Add static_call_cond()

[Peter Zijlstra]

On Fri, Jul 10, 2020 at 07:08:25PM -0400, Steven Rostedt wrote:
> On Fri, 10 Jul 2020 15:38:44 +0200
> Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org> wrote:
> 
> > +static void __static_call_transform(void *insn, enum insn_type type, void *func)
> >  {
> > -	const void *code = text_gen_insn(opcode, insn, func);
> > +	int size = CALL_INSN_SIZE;
> > +	const void *code;
> >  
> > -	if (WARN_ONCE(*(u8 *)insn != opcode,
> > -		      "unexpected static call insn opcode 0x%x at %pS\n",
> > -		      opcode, insn))
> 
> I would still feel better if we did some sort of sanity check before
> just writing to the text. Confirm this is a jmp, call, ret or nop?

I'll see if I can come up with something, but I'm not sure we keep
enough state to be able to reconstruct what should be there.

Re: [PATCH v6 10/17] x86/static_call: Add inline static call implementation for x86-64

[Peter Zijlstra]

On Fri, Jul 10, 2020 at 06:31:55PM -0400, Steven Rostedt wrote:
> On Fri, 10 Jul 2020 15:38:41 +0200
> Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org> wrote:

> > +		/* find key symbol */
> > +		key_name = strdup(insn->call_dest->name);
> 
> Should check for failed allocation of strdup().

Rigt, I'll go add the perror and exit.

> > +		if (strncmp(key_name, STATIC_CALL_TRAMP_PREFIX_STR,
> > +			    strlen(STATIC_CALL_TRAMP_PREFIX_STR))) {
> > +			WARN("static_call: trampoline name malformed: %s", key_name);
> > +			return -1;
> > +		}
> > +		tmp = key_name + STATIC_CALL_TRAMP_PREFIX_LEN - STATIC_CALL_KEY_PREFIX_LEN;
> > +		memcpy(tmp, STATIC_CALL_KEY_PREFIX_STR, STATIC_CALL_KEY_PREFIX_LEN);
> > +
> > +		key_sym = find_symbol_by_name(file->elf, tmp);
> > +		if (!key_sym) {
> > +			WARN("static_call: can't find static_call_key symbol: %s", tmp);
> > +			return -1;
> > +		}
> > +		free(key_name);
> > +
> > +		/* populate reloc for 'key' */
> > +		reloc = malloc(sizeof(*reloc));
> > +		if (!reloc) {
> > +			perror("malloc");
> > +			return -1;
> > +		}
> > +		memset(reloc, 0, sizeof(*reloc));
> > +		reloc->sym = key_sym;
> > +		reloc->addend = 0;
> > +		reloc->type = R_X86_64_PC32;
> 
> How easy would this be for other architectures to implement this? That
> is how much of this function is x86 specific?

I'm not sure; I think it's fairly generic except for the reloc types. So
ARM64 for example might need to use SHT_REL and R_AARCH64_PREL32
instead. But I suppose we'll see that if/when someone tries to make it
work.

Re: [PATCH v6 09/17] x86/static_call: Add out-of-line static call implementation

[Peter Zijlstra]

On Fri, Jul 10, 2020 at 06:13:31PM -0400, Steven Rostedt wrote:
> On Fri, 10 Jul 2020 15:38:40 +0200
> Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org> wrote:
> 
> > From: Josh Poimboeuf <jpoimboe@redhat.com>
> > 
> > Add the x86 out-of-line static call implementation.  For each key, a
> > permanent trampoline is created which is the destination for all static
> > calls for the given key.  The trampoline has a direct jump which gets
> > patched by static_call_update() when the destination function changes.
> 
> FYI, I get the following warnings after applying this patch.
> 
> /work/git/linux-test.git/arch/x86/kernel/static_call.c: In function ‘__static_call_transform’:
> /work/git/linux-test.git/arch/x86/kernel/static_call.c:9:43: warning: passing argument 2 of ‘text_gen_insn’ makes pointer from integer without a cast [-Wint-conversion]
>     9 |  const void *code = text_gen_insn(opcode, (long)insn, (long)func);
>       |                                           ^~~~~~~~~~
>       |                                           |
>       |                                           long int

Hurmph, shows I haven't build the individual patches in a while I
suppose. It was fixed in the next patch.

Fixed it up, thanks!

Re: [PATCH v6 11/17] static_call: Simple self-test

[Peter Zijlstra]

On Fri, Jul 10, 2020 at 06:42:29PM -0400, Steven Rostedt wrote:
> On Fri, 10 Jul 2020 15:38:42 +0200
> Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org> wrote:

> > +static int __init test_static_call_init(void)
> > +{
> > +	WARN_ON(static_call(sc_selftest)(2) != 3);
> > +	static_call_update(sc_selftest, &func_b);
> > +	WARN_ON(static_call(sc_selftest)(2) != 4);
> > +	static_call_update(sc_selftest, &func_a);
> > +	WARN_ON(static_call(sc_selftest)(2) != 3);
> > +
> > +	return 0;
> > +}
> 
> I wonder if this would be better if we were testing the same static call each time?

Makes sense, I suppose.

> static int __init run_static_call(int val)
> {
> 	return static_call(sc_selftest)(val);
> }

Don't think we need this, or are you afraid of loop unrolling, in which
case you also want a noinline here I suppose.

> 
> static struct {
> 	int (*func)(int);
> 	int val;
> 	int expect;
> } static_call_data [] = {
> 	{ NULL, 2, 3 }
> 	( func_b, 2 , 4},
> 	{ func_a, 2, 3}
> } __initdata;
> 
> static int __init test_static_call_init(void)
> {
> 	int i;
> 
> 	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(static_call_data); i++ ) {
> 		if (static_call_data[i].func)
> 			static_call_update(sc_selftest, static_call_data[i].func);
> 		WARN_ON(run_static_call(static_call_data[i].val) != static_call_data[i].expect);
> 	}
> 
> 	return 0;
> }

Lots of compile errors with that, fixed them all :-)

Re: [PATCH v6 08/17] static_call: Avoid kprobes on inline static_call()s

[Peter Zijlstra]

On Fri, Jul 10, 2020 at 06:00:14PM -0400, Steven Rostedt wrote:

> > +int static_call_text_reserved(void *start, void *end)
> > +{
> > +	int ret = __static_call_text_reserved(__start_static_call_sites,
> > +			__stop_static_call_sites, start, end);
> > +
> > +	if (ret)
> > +		return ret;
> > +
> > +#ifdef CONFIG_MODULES
> > +	ret = __static_call_mod_text_reserved(start, end);
> > +#endif
> 
> Nit, but why not have a #else /* !CONFIG_MODULE */ above and just:
> 
> static inline int __static_call_mod_text_reserve(..)
> {
> 	return 0;
> }
> #endif
> 
> ?

Done.

Re: [PATCH v6 13/17] static_call: Add static_call_cond()

[Peter Zijlstra]

On Fri, Jul 10, 2020 at 07:08:25PM -0400, Steven Rostedt wrote:
> On Fri, 10 Jul 2020 15:38:44 +0200
> Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org> wrote:
> 
> > +static void __static_call_transform(void *insn, enum insn_type type, void *func)
> >  {
> > -	const void *code = text_gen_insn(opcode, insn, func);
> > +	int size = CALL_INSN_SIZE;
> > +	const void *code;
> >  
> > -	if (WARN_ONCE(*(u8 *)insn != opcode,
> > -		      "unexpected static call insn opcode 0x%x at %pS\n",
> > -		      opcode, insn))
> 
> I would still feel better if we did some sort of sanity check before
> just writing to the text. Confirm this is a jmp, call, ret or nop?

Something like so (on top of the next patch) ?

I'm not convinced it actually helps much, but if it makes you feel
better :-)


--- a/arch/x86/kernel/static_call.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/static_call.c
@@ -56,15 +56,36 @@ static inline enum insn_type __sc_insn(b
 	return 2*tail + null;
 }
 
+static void __static_call_validate(void *insn, bool tail)
+{
+	u8 opcode = *(u8 *)insn;
+
+	if (tail) {
+		if (opcode == JMP32_INSN_OPCODE ||
+		    opcode == RET_INSN_OPCODE)
+			return;
+	} else {
+		if (opcode == CALL_INSN_OPCODE ||
+		    !memcmp(insn, ideal_nops[NOP_ATOMIC5], 5))
+			return;
+	}
+
+	WARN_ONCE(1, "unexpected static_call insn opcode 0x%x at %pS\n", opcode, insn);
+}
+
 void arch_static_call_transform(void *site, void *tramp, void *func, bool tail)
 {
 	mutex_lock(&text_mutex);
 
-	if (tramp)
+	if (tramp) {
+		__static_call_validate(tramp, true);
 		__static_call_transform(tramp, __sc_insn(!func, true), func);
+	}
 
-	if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_HAVE_STATIC_CALL_INLINE) && site)
+	if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_HAVE_STATIC_CALL_INLINE) && site) {
+		__static_call_validate(site, tail);
 		__static_call_transform(site, __sc_insn(!func, tail), func);
+	}
 
 	mutex_unlock(&text_mutex);
 }

Re: [PATCH v6 15/17] static_call: Allow early init

[Steven Rostedt]

On Sat, 11 Jul 2020 07:08:31 +0200
Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org> wrote:

> On Fri, Jul 10, 2020 at 09:14:26PM -0400, Steven Rostedt wrote:
> > On Fri, 10 Jul 2020 15:38:46 +0200
> > Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org> wrote:
> >   
> > > In order to use static_call() to wire up x86_pmu, we need to
> > > initialize earlier; copy some of the tricks from jump_label to enable
> > > this.
> > > 
> > > Primarily we overload key->next to store a sites pointer when there
> > > are no modules, this avoids having to use kmalloc() to initialize the
> > > sites and allows us to run much earlier.
> > >   
> > 
> > I'm confused. What was the need to have key->next store site pointers
> > in order to move it up earlier?  
> 
> The critical part was to not need an allocation.

Why is an allocation needed? What's different about calling it early
that we need an allocation or this trick?

The two paragraphs above seem totally disconnected.

"In order to use static_call() to wire up x86_pmu, we need to
initialize earlier; copy some of the tricks from jump_label to enable
this."

What tricks were copied?

"Primarily we overload key->next to store a sites pointer when there
are no modules, this avoids having to use kmalloc() to initialize the
sites and allows us to run much earlier."

Why is kmalloc() (or this trick) needed to initialize the sites?

-- Steve

Re: [PATCH v6 11/17] static_call: Simple self-test

[Steven Rostedt]

On Sat, 11 Jul 2020 12:27:02 +0200
Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org> wrote:

> > static int __init test_static_call_init(void)
> > {
> > 	int i;
> > 
> > 	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(static_call_data); i++ ) {
> > 		if (static_call_data[i].func)
> > 			static_call_update(sc_selftest, static_call_data[i].func);
> > 		WARN_ON(run_static_call(static_call_data[i].val) != static_call_data[i].expect);
> > 	}
> > 
> > 	return 0;
> > }  
> 
> Lots of compile errors with that, fixed them all :-)

Hey, I wrote that all without compiling it. I would have been surprised
if it was clean.

-- Steve

Re: [PATCH v6 13/17] static_call: Add static_call_cond()

[Steven Rostedt]

On Sat, 11 Jul 2020 12:49:30 +0200
Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org> wrote:
> 
> Something like so (on top of the next patch) ?
> 
> I'm not convinced it actually helps much, but if it makes you feel
> better :-)

After you have bricked a bunch of people's NICs, you would be paranoid
about this too!

You work for Intel, next time you go to an office, see if you can find
my picture on any dartboards in there ;-)


> 
> 
> --- a/arch/x86/kernel/static_call.c
> +++ b/arch/x86/kernel/static_call.c
> @@ -56,15 +56,36 @@ static inline enum insn_type __sc_insn(b
>  	return 2*tail + null;
>  }
>  
> +static void __static_call_validate(void *insn, bool tail)
> +{
> +	u8 opcode = *(u8 *)insn;
> +
> +	if (tail) {
> +		if (opcode == JMP32_INSN_OPCODE ||
> +		    opcode == RET_INSN_OPCODE)
> +			return;
> +	} else {
> +		if (opcode == CALL_INSN_OPCODE ||
> +		    !memcmp(insn, ideal_nops[NOP_ATOMIC5], 5))
> +			return;
> +	}
> +
> +	WARN_ONCE(1, "unexpected static_call insn opcode 0x%x at %pS\n", opcode, insn);
> +}
> +
>  void arch_static_call_transform(void *site, void *tramp, void *func, bool tail)
>  {
>  	mutex_lock(&text_mutex);
>  
> -	if (tramp)
> +	if (tramp) {
> +		__static_call_validate(tramp, true);
>  		__static_call_transform(tramp, __sc_insn(!func, true), func);
> +	}
>  
> -	if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_HAVE_STATIC_CALL_INLINE) && site)
> +	if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_HAVE_STATIC_CALL_INLINE) && site) {
> +		__static_call_validate(site, tail);

I'd feel even more better if the validate failed, we just don't do the
update.

-- Steve


>  		__static_call_transform(site, __sc_insn(!func, tail), func);
> +	}
>  
>  	mutex_unlock(&text_mutex);
>  }

Re: [PATCH v6 15/17] static_call: Allow early init

[Peter Zijlstra]

On Mon, Jul 13, 2020 at 04:24:19PM -0400, Steven Rostedt wrote:
> On Sat, 11 Jul 2020 07:08:31 +0200
> Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org> wrote:
> 
> > On Fri, Jul 10, 2020 at 09:14:26PM -0400, Steven Rostedt wrote:
> > > On Fri, 10 Jul 2020 15:38:46 +0200
> > > Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org> wrote:
> > >   
> > > > In order to use static_call() to wire up x86_pmu, we need to
> > > > initialize earlier; copy some of the tricks from jump_label to enable
> > > > this.
> > > > 
> > > > Primarily we overload key->next to store a sites pointer when there
> > > > are no modules, this avoids having to use kmalloc() to initialize the
> > > > sites and allows us to run much earlier.
> > > >   
> > > 
> > > I'm confused. What was the need to have key->next store site pointers
> > > in order to move it up earlier?  
> > 
> > The critical part was to not need an allocation.
> 
> Why is an allocation needed? What's different about calling it early
> that we need an allocation or this trick?
> 
> The two paragraphs above seem totally disconnected.
> 
> "In order to use static_call() to wire up x86_pmu, we need to
> initialize earlier; copy some of the tricks from jump_label to enable
> this."
> 
> What tricks were copied?
> 
> "Primarily we overload key->next to store a sites pointer when there

^^ this trick...

+	union {
+		/* bit 0: 0 = mods, 1 = sites */
+		unsigned long type;
+		struct static_call_mod *mods;
+		struct static_call_site *sites;
+	};

If that isn't a trick, I don't know ;-)

> are no modules, this avoids having to use kmalloc() to initialize the
> sites and allows us to run much earlier."
> 
> Why is kmalloc() (or this trick) needed to initialize the sites?

That's just how the code was; it treated vmlinux as the NULL module, and
as such needed a static_call_mod allocated to host the static_call_sites
pointer.

That is, the static_call_key has a single linked list pointer to
static_call_mod, and every module has an entry on that list with a
pointer to their sites. Very simple and straight forward.

Except it requires an allocation to set up, which is a pain is you want
it initialized very early.

Re: [PATCH v6 13/17] static_call: Add static_call_cond()

[Peter Zijlstra]

On Mon, Jul 13, 2020 at 04:32:39PM -0400, Steven Rostedt wrote:
> On Sat, 11 Jul 2020 12:49:30 +0200
> Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org> wrote:
> > 
> > Something like so (on top of the next patch) ?
> > 
> > I'm not convinced it actually helps much, but if it makes you feel
> > better :-)
> 
> After you have bricked a bunch of people's NICs, you would be paranoid
> about this too!
> 
> You work for Intel, next time you go to an office, see if you can find
> my picture on any dartboards in there ;-)

I'll tell em it was bad hardware for being able to get bricked like that
instead, how's that? ;-)

> > --- a/arch/x86/kernel/static_call.c
> > +++ b/arch/x86/kernel/static_call.c
> > @@ -56,15 +56,36 @@ static inline enum insn_type __sc_insn(b
> >  	return 2*tail + null;
> >  }
> >  
> > +static void __static_call_validate(void *insn, bool tail)
> > +{
> > +	u8 opcode = *(u8 *)insn;
> > +
> > +	if (tail) {
> > +		if (opcode == JMP32_INSN_OPCODE ||
> > +		    opcode == RET_INSN_OPCODE)
> > +			return;
> > +	} else {
> > +		if (opcode == CALL_INSN_OPCODE ||
> > +		    !memcmp(insn, ideal_nops[NOP_ATOMIC5], 5))
> > +			return;
> > +	}
> > +
> > +	WARN_ONCE(1, "unexpected static_call insn opcode 0x%x at %pS\n", opcode, insn);
> > +}
> > +
> >  void arch_static_call_transform(void *site, void *tramp, void *func, bool tail)
> >  {
> >  	mutex_lock(&text_mutex);
> >  
> > -	if (tramp)
> > +	if (tramp) {
> > +		__static_call_validate(tramp, true);
> >  		__static_call_transform(tramp, __sc_insn(!func, true), func);
> > +	}
> >  
> > -	if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_HAVE_STATIC_CALL_INLINE) && site)
> > +	if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_HAVE_STATIC_CALL_INLINE) && site) {
> > +		__static_call_validate(site, tail);
> 
> I'd feel even more better if the validate failed, we just don't do the
> update.

It is either this or BUG()/panic(), you pick ;-)

Re: [PATCH v6 15/17] static_call: Allow early init

[Steven Rostedt]

On Tue, 14 Jul 2020 11:51:17 +0200
Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org> wrote:

> On Mon, Jul 13, 2020 at 04:24:19PM -0400, Steven Rostedt wrote:
> > On Sat, 11 Jul 2020 07:08:31 +0200
> > Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org> wrote:
> >   
> > > On Fri, Jul 10, 2020 at 09:14:26PM -0400, Steven Rostedt wrote:  
> > > > On Fri, 10 Jul 2020 15:38:46 +0200
> > > > Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org> wrote:
> > > >     
> > > > > In order to use static_call() to wire up x86_pmu, we need to
> > > > > initialize earlier; copy some of the tricks from jump_label to enable
> > > > > this.
> > > > > 
> > > > > Primarily we overload key->next to store a sites pointer when there
> > > > > are no modules, this avoids having to use kmalloc() to initialize the
> > > > > sites and allows us to run much earlier.
> > > > >     
> > > > 
> > > > I'm confused. What was the need to have key->next store site pointers
> > > > in order to move it up earlier?    
> > > 
> > > The critical part was to not need an allocation.  
> > 
> > Why is an allocation needed? What's different about calling it early
> > that we need an allocation or this trick?
> > 
> > The two paragraphs above seem totally disconnected.
> > 
> > "In order to use static_call() to wire up x86_pmu, we need to
> > initialize earlier; copy some of the tricks from jump_label to enable
> > this."
> > 
> > What tricks were copied?
> > 
> > "Primarily we overload key->next to store a sites pointer when there  
> 
> ^^ this trick...
> 
> +	union {
> +		/* bit 0: 0 = mods, 1 = sites */
> +		unsigned long type;
> +		struct static_call_mod *mods;
> +		struct static_call_site *sites;
> +	};
> 
> If that isn't a trick, I don't know ;-)

Ah, that makes more sense. The way it was worded didn't quite put 2 and
2 together like that.

> 
> > are no modules, this avoids having to use kmalloc() to initialize the
> > sites and allows us to run much earlier."
> > 
> > Why is kmalloc() (or this trick) needed to initialize the sites?  
> 
> That's just how the code was; it treated vmlinux as the NULL module, and
> as such needed a static_call_mod allocated to host the static_call_sites
> pointer.
> 
> That is, the static_call_key has a single linked list pointer to
> static_call_mod, and every module has an entry on that list with a
> pointer to their sites. Very simple and straight forward.
> 
> Except it requires an allocation to set up, which is a pain is you want
> it initialized very early.

OK, I'm still missing something, but having a hard time explaining
exactly what that is. ;-)

I guess that is, why did moving the initialization early require an
allocation where initializing it later did not? What allocation are we
avoiding?

I'm not seeing why this trick is needed when we moved the init early as
compared to doing the same thing later on.

Is it this?

> @@ -192,16 +222,35 @@ static int __static_call_init(struct mod
>                 if (key != prev_key) {
>                         prev_key = key;
>  
> +                       if (!mod) {
> +                               key->sites = site;
> +                               key->type |= 1;
> +                               goto do_transform;
> +                       }
> +

We want to avoid calling kzalloc() early?

If so, this should have a comment here stating so and why.

>                         site_mod = kzalloc(sizeof(*site_mod), GFP_KERNEL);
>                         if (!site_mod)
>                                 return -ENOMEM;

-- Steve

Re: [PATCH v6 15/17] static_call: Allow early init

[Peter Zijlstra]

On Tue, Jul 14, 2020 at 10:16:36AM -0400, Steven Rostedt wrote:

> > That's just how the code was; it treated vmlinux as the NULL module, and
> > as such needed a static_call_mod allocated to host the static_call_sites
> > pointer.
> > 
> > That is, the static_call_key has a single linked list pointer to
> > static_call_mod, and every module has an entry on that list with a
> > pointer to their sites. Very simple and straight forward.
> > 
> > Except it requires an allocation to set up, which is a pain is you want
> > it initialized very early.
> 
> OK, I'm still missing something, but having a hard time explaining
> exactly what that is. ;-)
> 
> I guess that is, why did moving the initialization early require an
> allocation where initializing it later did not? What allocation are we
> avoiding?

The other way around. Before this patch initialization required an
allocation, with this patch init no longer requires one.

> I'm not seeing why this trick is needed when we moved the init early as
> compared to doing the same thing later on.

We use the trick to avoid the alloc, which is what enables early init.

So, before:
 - init required alloc
 - alloc prohibits early use

after:
 - init no longer require alloc
   - because horrible pointer reuse
 - early use possible

> > @@ -192,16 +222,35 @@ static int __static_call_init(struct mod
> >                 if (key != prev_key) {
> >                         prev_key = key;
> >  
> > +                       if (!mod) {
> > +                               key->sites = site;
> > +                               key->type |= 1;
> > +                               goto do_transform;
> > +                       }
> > +
> 
> We want to avoid calling kzalloc() early?
> 
> If so, this should have a comment here stating so and why.

Fair enough; and I think I even see a further optimiation.

How's this:

---
Subject: static_call: Allow early init
From: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Date: Fri, 4 Oct 17:21:10 CEST 2019

In order to use static_call() to wire up x86_pmu, we need to
initialize earlier; copy some of the tricks from jump_label to enable
this.

Primarily we overload key->next to store a sites pointer when there
are no modules, this avoids having to use kmalloc() to initialize the
sites and allows us to run much earlier.

(arguably, this is much much earlier than needed for perf, but it
might allow other uses.)

Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
---
 arch/x86/kernel/setup.c       |    2 +
 arch/x86/kernel/static_call.c |    8 ++++-
 include/linux/static_call.h   |   15 ++++++++-
 kernel/static_call.c          |   67 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++---
 4 files changed, 85 insertions(+), 7 deletions(-)

--- a/arch/x86/kernel/setup.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/setup.c
@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@
 #include <linux/hugetlb.h>
 #include <linux/tboot.h>
 #include <linux/usb/xhci-dbgp.h>
+#include <linux/static_call.h>
 
 #include <uapi/linux/mount.h>
 
@@ -848,6 +849,7 @@ void __init setup_arch(char **cmdline_p)
 	early_cpu_init();
 	arch_init_ideal_nops();
 	jump_label_init();
+	static_call_init();
 	early_ioremap_init();
 
 	setup_olpc_ofw_pgd();
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/static_call.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/static_call.c
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ enum insn_type {
 	RET = 3,  /* tramp / site cond-tail-call */
 };
 
-static void __static_call_transform(void *insn, enum insn_type type, void *func)
+static void __ref __static_call_transform(void *insn, enum insn_type type, void *func)
 {
 	int size = CALL_INSN_SIZE;
 	const void *code;
@@ -33,11 +33,17 @@ static void __static_call_transform(void
 		code = text_gen_insn(RET_INSN_OPCODE, insn, func);
 		size = RET_INSN_SIZE;
 		break;
+
+	default: /* GCC is a moron -- it figures @code can be uninitialized below */
+		BUG();
 	}
 
 	if (memcmp(insn, code, size) == 0)
 		return;
 
+	if (unlikely(system_state == SYSTEM_BOOTING))
+		return text_poke_early(insn, code, size);
+
 	text_poke_bp(insn, code, size, NULL);
 }
 
--- a/include/linux/static_call.h
+++ b/include/linux/static_call.h
@@ -136,6 +136,8 @@ extern void arch_static_call_transform(v
 
 #ifdef CONFIG_HAVE_STATIC_CALL_INLINE
 
+extern void __init static_call_init(void);
+
 struct static_call_mod {
 	struct static_call_mod *next;
 	struct module *mod; /* for vmlinux, mod == NULL */
@@ -144,7 +146,12 @@ struct static_call_mod {
 
 struct static_call_key {
 	void *func;
-	struct static_call_mod *mods;
+	union {
+		/* bit 0: 0 = mods, 1 = sites */
+		unsigned long type;
+		struct static_call_mod *mods;
+		struct static_call_site *sites;
+	};
 };
 
 extern void __static_call_update(struct static_call_key *key, void *tramp, void *func);
@@ -155,7 +162,7 @@ extern int static_call_text_reserved(voi
 	DECLARE_STATIC_CALL(name, _func);				\
 	struct static_call_key STATIC_CALL_KEY(name) = {		\
 		.func = _func,						\
-		.mods = NULL,						\
+		.type = 1,						\
 	};								\
 	ARCH_DEFINE_STATIC_CALL_TRAMP(name, _func)
 
@@ -180,6 +187,8 @@ extern int static_call_text_reserved(voi
 
 #elif defined(CONFIG_HAVE_STATIC_CALL)
 
+static inline void static_call_init(void) { }
+
 struct static_call_key {
 	void *func;
 };
@@ -225,6 +234,8 @@ static inline int static_call_text_reser
 
 #else /* Generic implementation */
 
+static inline void static_call_init(void) { }
+
 struct static_call_key {
 	void *func;
 };
--- a/kernel/static_call.c
+++ b/kernel/static_call.c
@@ -94,10 +94,31 @@ static inline void static_call_sort_entr
 	     static_call_site_cmp, static_call_site_swap);
 }
 
+static inline bool static_call_key_has_mods(struct static_call_key *key)
+{
+	return !(key->type & 1);
+}
+
+static inline struct static_call_mod *static_call_key_next(struct static_call_key *key)
+{
+	if (!static_call_key_has_mods(key))
+		return NULL;
+
+	return key->mods;
+}
+
+static inline struct static_call_site *static_call_key_sites(struct static_call_key *key)
+{
+	if (static_call_key_has_mods(key))
+		return NULL;
+
+	return (struct static_call_site *)(key->type & ~1);
+}
+
 void __static_call_update(struct static_call_key *key, void *tramp, void *func)
 {
 	struct static_call_site *site, *stop;
-	struct static_call_mod *site_mod;
+	struct static_call_mod *site_mod, first;
 
 	cpus_read_lock();
 	static_call_lock();
@@ -116,13 +137,22 @@ void __static_call_update(struct static_
 	if (WARN_ON_ONCE(!static_call_initialized))
 		goto done;
 
-	for (site_mod = key->mods; site_mod; site_mod = site_mod->next) {
+	first = (struct static_call_mod){
+		.next = static_call_key_next(key),
+		.mod = NULL,
+		.sites = static_call_key_sites(key),
+	};
+
+	for (site_mod = &first; site_mod; site_mod = site_mod->next) {
 		struct module *mod = site_mod->mod;
 
 		if (!site_mod->sites) {
 			/*
 			 * This can happen if the static call key is defined in
 			 * a module which doesn't use it.
+			 *
+			 * It also happens in the has_mods case, where the
+			 * 'first' entry has no sites associated with it.
 			 */
 			continue;
 		}
@@ -192,16 +222,45 @@ static int __static_call_init(struct mod
 		if (key != prev_key) {
 			prev_key = key;
 
+			/*
+			 * For vmlinux (!mod) avoid the allocation by storing
+			 * the sites pointer in the key itself. Also see
+			 * __static_call_update()'s @first.
+			 */
+			if (!mod) {
+				key->sites = site;
+				key->type |= 1;
+				goto do_transform;
+			}
+
 			site_mod = kzalloc(sizeof(*site_mod), GFP_KERNEL);
 			if (!site_mod)
 				return -ENOMEM;
 
+			/*
+			 * When the key has a direct sites pointer, extract
+			 * that into an explicit struct static_call_mod, so we
+			 * can have a list of modules.
+			 */
+			if (static_call_key_sites(key)) {
+				site_mod->mod = NULL;
+				site_mod->next = NULL;
+				site_mod->sites = static_call_key_sites(key);
+
+				key->mods = site_mod;
+
+				site_mod = kzalloc(sizeof(*site_mod), GFP_KERNEL);
+				if (!site_mod)
+					return -ENOMEM;
+			}
+
 			site_mod->mod = mod;
 			site_mod->sites = site;
-			site_mod->next = key->mods;
+			site_mod->next = static_call_key_next(key);
 			key->mods = site_mod;
 		}
 
+do_transform:
 		arch_static_call_transform(site_addr, NULL, key->func,
 				static_call_is_tail(site));
 	}
@@ -348,7 +407,7 @@ int static_call_text_reserved(void *star
 	return __static_call_mod_text_reserved(start, end);
 }
 
-static void __init static_call_init(void)
+void __init static_call_init(void)
 {
 	int ret;
 

Re: [PATCH v6 15/17] static_call: Allow early init

[Steven Rostedt]

On Tue, 14 Jul 2020 17:54:17 +0200
Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org> wrote:
> > I guess that is, why did moving the initialization early require an
> > allocation where initializing it later did not? What allocation are we
> > avoiding?  
> 
> The other way around. Before this patch initialization required an
> allocation, with this patch init no longer requires one.
> 

Yeah, that's what I figured. Just didn't express myself that way.

> > I'm not seeing why this trick is needed when we moved the init early as
> > compared to doing the same thing later on.  
> 
> We use the trick to avoid the alloc, which is what enables early init.
> 
> So, before:
>  - init required alloc
>  - alloc prohibits early use
> 
> after:
>  - init no longer require alloc
>    - because horrible pointer reuse
>  - early use possible
> 
> > > @@ -192,16 +222,35 @@ static int __static_call_init(struct mod
> > >                 if (key != prev_key) {
> > >                         prev_key = key;
> > >  
> > > +                       if (!mod) {
> > > +                               key->sites = site;
> > > +                               key->type |= 1;
> > > +                               goto do_transform;
> > > +                       }
> > > +  
> > 
> > We want to avoid calling kzalloc() early?
> > 
> > If so, this should have a comment here stating so and why.  
> 
> Fair enough; and I think I even see a further optimiation.
> 
> How's this:
> 
> ---
> Subject: static_call: Allow early init
> From: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
> Date: Fri, 4 Oct 17:21:10 CEST 2019
> 
> In order to use static_call() to wire up x86_pmu, we need to
> initialize earlier; copy some of the tricks from jump_label to enable
> this.
> 
> Primarily we overload key->next to store a sites pointer when there
> are no modules, this avoids having to use kmalloc() to initialize the
> sites and allows us to run much earlier.

Can we add a statement that says something like: "Because x86 now calls
static_call_init() before the setup of the memory allocator, we must
avoid using kmalloc() and friends for core kernel static calls." ?

This was the missing piece for me.

> 
> (arguably, this is much much earlier than needed for perf, but it
> might allow other uses.)
> 
> Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
> ---
>  arch/x86/kernel/setup.c       |    2 +
>  arch/x86/kernel/static_call.c |    8 ++++-
>  include/linux/static_call.h   |   15 ++++++++-
>  kernel/static_call.c          |   67 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++---
>  4 files changed, 85 insertions(+), 7 deletions(-)
> 
> --- a/arch/x86/kernel/setup.c
> +++ b/arch/x86/kernel/setup.c
> @@ -19,6 +19,7 @@
>  #include <linux/hugetlb.h>
>  #include <linux/tboot.h>
>  #include <linux/usb/xhci-dbgp.h>
> +#include <linux/static_call.h>
>  
>  #include <uapi/linux/mount.h>
>  
> @@ -848,6 +849,7 @@ void __init setup_arch(char **cmdline_p)
>  	early_cpu_init();
>  	arch_init_ideal_nops();
>  	jump_label_init();
> +	static_call_init();
>  	early_ioremap_init();
>  
>  	setup_olpc_ofw_pgd();
> --- a/arch/x86/kernel/static_call.c
> +++ b/arch/x86/kernel/static_call.c
> @@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ enum insn_type {
>  	RET = 3,  /* tramp / site cond-tail-call */
>  };
>  
> -static void __static_call_transform(void *insn, enum insn_type type, void *func)
> +static void __ref __static_call_transform(void *insn, enum insn_type type, void *func)
>  {
>  	int size = CALL_INSN_SIZE;
>  	const void *code;
> @@ -33,11 +33,17 @@ static void __static_call_transform(void
>  		code = text_gen_insn(RET_INSN_OPCODE, insn, func);
>  		size = RET_INSN_SIZE;
>  		break;
> +
> +	default: /* GCC is a moron -- it figures @code can be uninitialized below */
> +		BUG();
>  	}
>  
>  	if (memcmp(insn, code, size) == 0)
>  		return;
>  
> +	if (unlikely(system_state == SYSTEM_BOOTING))
> +		return text_poke_early(insn, code, size);
> +
>  	text_poke_bp(insn, code, size, NULL);
>  }
>  
> --- a/include/linux/static_call.h
> +++ b/include/linux/static_call.h
> @@ -136,6 +136,8 @@ extern void arch_static_call_transform(v
>  
>  #ifdef CONFIG_HAVE_STATIC_CALL_INLINE
>  
> +extern void __init static_call_init(void);
> +
>  struct static_call_mod {
>  	struct static_call_mod *next;
>  	struct module *mod; /* for vmlinux, mod == NULL */
> @@ -144,7 +146,12 @@ struct static_call_mod {
>  
>  struct static_call_key {
>  	void *func;
> -	struct static_call_mod *mods;
> +	union {
> +		/* bit 0: 0 = mods, 1 = sites */
> +		unsigned long type;
> +		struct static_call_mod *mods;
> +		struct static_call_site *sites;
> +	};
>  };
>  
>  extern void __static_call_update(struct static_call_key *key, void *tramp, void *func);
> @@ -155,7 +162,7 @@ extern int static_call_text_reserved(voi
>  	DECLARE_STATIC_CALL(name, _func);				\
>  	struct static_call_key STATIC_CALL_KEY(name) = {		\
>  		.func = _func,						\
> -		.mods = NULL,						\
> +		.type = 1,						\
>  	};								\
>  	ARCH_DEFINE_STATIC_CALL_TRAMP(name, _func)
>  
> @@ -180,6 +187,8 @@ extern int static_call_text_reserved(voi
>  
>  #elif defined(CONFIG_HAVE_STATIC_CALL)
>  
> +static inline void static_call_init(void) { }
> +
>  struct static_call_key {
>  	void *func;
>  };
> @@ -225,6 +234,8 @@ static inline int static_call_text_reser
>  
>  #else /* Generic implementation */
>  
> +static inline void static_call_init(void) { }
> +
>  struct static_call_key {
>  	void *func;
>  };
> --- a/kernel/static_call.c
> +++ b/kernel/static_call.c
> @@ -94,10 +94,31 @@ static inline void static_call_sort_entr
>  	     static_call_site_cmp, static_call_site_swap);
>  }
>  
> +static inline bool static_call_key_has_mods(struct static_call_key *key)
> +{
> +	return !(key->type & 1);
> +}
> +
> +static inline struct static_call_mod *static_call_key_next(struct static_call_key *key)
> +{
> +	if (!static_call_key_has_mods(key))
> +		return NULL;
> +
> +	return key->mods;
> +}
> +
> +static inline struct static_call_site *static_call_key_sites(struct static_call_key *key)
> +{
> +	if (static_call_key_has_mods(key))
> +		return NULL;
> +
> +	return (struct static_call_site *)(key->type & ~1);
> +}
> +
>  void __static_call_update(struct static_call_key *key, void *tramp, void *func)
>  {
>  	struct static_call_site *site, *stop;
> -	struct static_call_mod *site_mod;
> +	struct static_call_mod *site_mod, first;
>  
>  	cpus_read_lock();
>  	static_call_lock();
> @@ -116,13 +137,22 @@ void __static_call_update(struct static_
>  	if (WARN_ON_ONCE(!static_call_initialized))
>  		goto done;
>  
> -	for (site_mod = key->mods; site_mod; site_mod = site_mod->next) {
> +	first = (struct static_call_mod){
> +		.next = static_call_key_next(key),
> +		.mod = NULL,
> +		.sites = static_call_key_sites(key),
> +	};
> +
> +	for (site_mod = &first; site_mod; site_mod = site_mod->next) {
>  		struct module *mod = site_mod->mod;
>  
>  		if (!site_mod->sites) {
>  			/*
>  			 * This can happen if the static call key is defined in
>  			 * a module which doesn't use it.
> +			 *
> +			 * It also happens in the has_mods case, where the
> +			 * 'first' entry has no sites associated with it.
>  			 */
>  			continue;
>  		}
> @@ -192,16 +222,45 @@ static int __static_call_init(struct mod
>  		if (key != prev_key) {
>  			prev_key = key;
>  
> +			/*

Can we add to this comment:

			 * Some architectures (x86) call this before the memory
			 * allocator is set up.
> +			 * For vmlinux (!mod) avoid the allocation by storing
> +			 * the sites pointer in the key itself. Also see
> +			 * __static_call_update()'s @first.

-- Steve

> +			 */
> +			if (!mod) {
> +				key->sites = site;
> +				key->type |= 1;
> +				goto do_transform;
> +			}
> +
>  			site_mod = kzalloc(sizeof(*site_mod), GFP_KERNEL);
>  			if (!site_mod)
>  				return -ENOMEM;
>  
> +			/*
> +			 * When the key has a direct sites pointer, extract
> +			 * that into an explicit struct static_call_mod, so we
> +			 * can have a list of modules.
> +			 */
> +			if (static_call_key_sites(key)) {
> +				site_mod->mod = NULL;
> +				site_mod->next = NULL;
> +				site_mod->sites = static_call_key_sites(key);
> +
> +				key->mods = site_mod;
> +
> +				site_mod = kzalloc(sizeof(*site_mod), GFP_KERNEL);
> +				if (!site_mod)
> +					return -ENOMEM;
> +			}
> +
>  			site_mod->mod = mod;
>  			site_mod->sites = site;
> -			site_mod->next = key->mods;
> +			site_mod->next = static_call_key_next(key);
>  			key->mods = site_mod;
>  		}
>  
> +do_transform:
>  		arch_static_call_transform(site_addr, NULL, key->func,
>  				static_call_is_tail(site));
>  	}
> @@ -348,7 +407,7 @@ int static_call_text_reserved(void *star
>  	return __static_call_mod_text_reserved(start, end);
>  }
>  
> -static void __init static_call_init(void)
> +void __init static_call_init(void)
>  {
>  	int ret;
>  

Re: [PATCH v6 15/17] static_call: Allow early init

[Peter Zijlstra]

On Tue, Jul 14, 2020 at 12:07:01PM -0400, Steven Rostedt wrote:
> Can we add a statement that says something like: "Because x86 now calls
> static_call_init() before the setup of the memory allocator, we must
> avoid using kmalloc() and friends for core kernel static calls." ?
> 
> This was the missing piece for me.

It now reads like this.

---
Subject: static_call: Allow early init
From: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Date: Fri, 4 Oct 17:21:10 CEST 2019

In order to use static_call() to wire up x86_pmu, we need to
initialize earlier, specifically before memory allocation works; copy
some of the tricks from jump_label to enable this.

Primarily we overload key->next to store a sites pointer when there
are no modules, this avoids having to use kmalloc() to initialize the
sites and allows us to run much earlier.

Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
---
 arch/x86/kernel/setup.c       |    2 +
 arch/x86/kernel/static_call.c |    8 ++++
 include/linux/static_call.h   |   15 +++++++--
 kernel/static_call.c          |   70 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++---
 4 files changed, 88 insertions(+), 7 deletions(-)

--- a/arch/x86/kernel/setup.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/setup.c
@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@
 #include <linux/hugetlb.h>
 #include <linux/tboot.h>
 #include <linux/usb/xhci-dbgp.h>
+#include <linux/static_call.h>

 #include <uapi/linux/mount.h>

@@ -848,6 +849,7 @@ void __init setup_arch(char **cmdline_p)
 	early_cpu_init();
 	arch_init_ideal_nops();
 	jump_label_init();
+	static_call_init();
 	early_ioremap_init();

 	setup_olpc_ofw_pgd();
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/static_call.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/static_call.c
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ enum insn_type {
 	RET = 3,  /* tramp / site cond-tail-call */
 };

-static void __static_call_transform(void *insn, enum insn_type type, void *func)
+static void __ref __static_call_transform(void *insn, enum insn_type type, void *func)
 {
 	int size = CALL_INSN_SIZE;
 	const void *code;
@@ -33,11 +33,17 @@ static void __static_call_transform(void
 		code = text_gen_insn(RET_INSN_OPCODE, insn, func);
 		size = RET_INSN_SIZE;
 		break;
+
+	default: /* GCC is a moron -- it figures @code can be uninitialized below */
+		BUG();
 	}

 	if (memcmp(insn, code, size) == 0)
 		return;

+	if (unlikely(system_state == SYSTEM_BOOTING))
+		return text_poke_early(insn, code, size);
+
 	text_poke_bp(insn, code, size, NULL);
 }

--- a/include/linux/static_call.h
+++ b/include/linux/static_call.h
@@ -136,6 +136,8 @@ extern void arch_static_call_transform(v

 #ifdef CONFIG_HAVE_STATIC_CALL_INLINE

+extern void __init static_call_init(void);
+
 struct static_call_mod {
 	struct static_call_mod *next;
 	struct module *mod; /* for vmlinux, mod == NULL */
@@ -144,7 +146,12 @@ struct static_call_mod {

 struct static_call_key {
 	void *func;
-	struct static_call_mod *mods;
+	union {
+		/* bit 0: 0 = mods, 1 = sites */
+		unsigned long type;
+		struct static_call_mod *mods;
+		struct static_call_site *sites;
+	};
 };

 extern void __static_call_update(struct static_call_key *key, void *tramp, void *func);
@@ -155,7 +162,7 @@ extern int static_call_text_reserved(voi
 	DECLARE_STATIC_CALL(name, _func);				\
 	struct static_call_key STATIC_CALL_KEY(name) = {		\
 		.func = _func,						\
-		.mods = NULL,						\
+		.type = 1,						\
 	};								\
 	ARCH_DEFINE_STATIC_CALL_TRAMP(name, _func)

@@ -180,6 +187,8 @@ extern int static_call_text_reserved(voi

 #elif defined(CONFIG_HAVE_STATIC_CALL)

+static inline void static_call_init(void) { }
+
 struct static_call_key {
 	void *func;
 };
@@ -225,6 +234,8 @@ static inline int static_call_text_reser

 #else /* Generic implementation */

+static inline void static_call_init(void) { }
+
 struct static_call_key {
 	void *func;
 };
--- a/kernel/static_call.c
+++ b/kernel/static_call.c
@@ -94,10 +94,31 @@ static inline void static_call_sort_entr
 	     static_call_site_cmp, static_call_site_swap);
 }

+static inline bool static_call_key_has_mods(struct static_call_key *key)
+{
+	return !(key->type & 1);
+}
+
+static inline struct static_call_mod *static_call_key_next(struct static_call_key *key)
+{
+	if (!static_call_key_has_mods(key))
+		return NULL;
+
+	return key->mods;
+}
+
+static inline struct static_call_site *static_call_key_sites(struct static_call_key *key)
+{
+	if (static_call_key_has_mods(key))
+		return NULL;
+
+	return (struct static_call_site *)(key->type & ~1);
+}
+
 void __static_call_update(struct static_call_key *key, void *tramp, void *func)
 {
 	struct static_call_site *site, *stop;
-	struct static_call_mod *site_mod;
+	struct static_call_mod *site_mod, first;

 	cpus_read_lock();
 	static_call_lock();
@@ -116,13 +137,22 @@ void __static_call_update(struct static_
 	if (WARN_ON_ONCE(!static_call_initialized))
 		goto done;

-	for (site_mod = key->mods; site_mod; site_mod = site_mod->next) {
+	first = (struct static_call_mod){
+		.next = static_call_key_next(key),
+		.mod = NULL,
+		.sites = static_call_key_sites(key),
+	};
+
+	for (site_mod = &first; site_mod; site_mod = site_mod->next) {
 		struct module *mod = site_mod->mod;

 		if (!site_mod->sites) {
 			/*
 			 * This can happen if the static call key is defined in
 			 * a module which doesn't use it.
+			 *
+			 * It also happens in the has_mods case, where the
+			 * 'first' entry has no sites associated with it.
 			 */
 			continue;
 		}
@@ -192,16 +222,48 @@ static int __static_call_init(struct mod
 		if (key != prev_key) {
 			prev_key = key;

+			/*
+			 * For vmlinux (!mod) avoid the allocation by storing
+			 * the sites pointer in the key itself. Also see
+			 * __static_call_update()'s @first.
+			 *
+			 * This allows architectures (eg. x86) to call
+			 * static_call_init() before memory allocation works.
+			 */
+			if (!mod) {
+				key->sites = site;
+				key->type |= 1;
+				goto do_transform;
+			}
+
 			site_mod = kzalloc(sizeof(*site_mod), GFP_KERNEL);
 			if (!site_mod)
 				return -ENOMEM;

+			/*
+			 * When the key has a direct sites pointer, extract
+			 * that into an explicit struct static_call_mod, so we
+			 * can have a list of modules.
+			 */
+			if (static_call_key_sites(key)) {
+				site_mod->mod = NULL;
+				site_mod->next = NULL;
+				site_mod->sites = static_call_key_sites(key);
+
+				key->mods = site_mod;
+
+				site_mod = kzalloc(sizeof(*site_mod), GFP_KERNEL);
+				if (!site_mod)
+					return -ENOMEM;
+			}
+
 			site_mod->mod = mod;
 			site_mod->sites = site;
-			site_mod->next = key->mods;
+			site_mod->next = static_call_key_next(key);
 			key->mods = site_mod;
 		}

+do_transform:
 		arch_static_call_transform(site_addr, NULL, key->func,
 				static_call_is_tail(site));
 	}
@@ -348,7 +410,7 @@ int static_call_text_reserved(void *star
 	return __static_call_mod_text_reserved(start, end);
 }

-static void __init static_call_init(void)
+void __init static_call_init(void)
 {
 	int ret;

Re: [PATCH v6 15/17] static_call: Allow early init

[Steven Rostedt]

On Tue, 14 Jul 2020 20:31:43 +0200
Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org> wrote:

> On Tue, Jul 14, 2020 at 12:07:01PM -0400, Steven Rostedt wrote:
> > Can we add a statement that says something like: "Because x86 now calls
> > static_call_init() before the setup of the memory allocator, we must
> > avoid using kmalloc() and friends for core kernel static calls." ?
> > 
> > This was the missing piece for me.  
> 
> It now reads like this.
> 
> ---
> Subject: static_call: Allow early init
> From: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
> Date: Fri, 4 Oct 17:21:10 CEST 2019
> 
> In order to use static_call() to wire up x86_pmu, we need to
> initialize earlier, specifically before memory allocation works; copy
> some of the tricks from jump_label to enable this.
> 
> Primarily we overload key->next to store a sites pointer when there
> are no modules, this avoids having to use kmalloc() to initialize the
> sites and allows us to run much earlier.

All the pieces lie in place. Thanks!

Reviewed-by: Steven Rostedt (VMware) <rostedt@goodmis.org>

-- Steve

> 
> Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
> ---