[PATCH v21 0/7] Control-flow Enforcement: Indirect Branch Tracking

[PATCH v21 0/7] Control-flow Enforcement: Indirect Branch Tracking

[Yu-cheng Yu]

Control-flow Enforcement (CET) is a new Intel processor feature that blocks
return/jump-oriented programming attacks.  Details are in "Intel 64 and
IA-32 Architectures Software Developer's Manual" [1].

This is the second part of CET and enables Indirect Branch Tracking (IBT).
It is built on top of the shadow stack series.

Changes in v21:
- Rebase to Linus tree v5.11.

[1] Intel 64 and IA-32 Architectures Software Developer's Manual:

    https://software.intel.com/en-us/download/intel-64-and-ia-32-
    architectures-sdm-combined-volumes-1-2a-2b-2c-2d-3a-3b-3c-3d-and-4

[2] Indirect Branch Tracking patches v20:

    https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20210210180245.13770-1-yu-cheng.yu@intel.com/

H.J. Lu (3):
  x86/cet/ibt: Update arch_prctl functions for Indirect Branch Tracking
  x86/vdso/32: Add ENDBR32 to __kernel_vsyscall entry point
  x86/vdso: Insert endbr32/endbr64 to vDSO

Yu-cheng Yu (4):
  x86/cet/ibt: Update Kconfig for user-mode Indirect Branch Tracking
  x86/cet/ibt: User-mode Indirect Branch Tracking support
  x86/cet/ibt: Handle signals for Indirect Branch Tracking
  x86/cet/ibt: Update ELF header parsing for Indirect Branch Tracking

 arch/x86/Kconfig                         |  1 +
 arch/x86/entry/vdso/Makefile             |  4 ++
 arch/x86/entry/vdso/vdso32/system_call.S |  3 ++
 arch/x86/include/asm/cet.h               |  3 ++
 arch/x86/kernel/cet.c                    | 59 +++++++++++++++++++++++-
 arch/x86/kernel/cet_prctl.c              |  5 ++
 arch/x86/kernel/fpu/signal.c             |  8 ++--
 arch/x86/kernel/process_64.c             |  8 ++++
 8 files changed, 86 insertions(+), 5 deletions(-)

-- 
2.21.0

[PATCH v21 1/7] x86/cet/ibt: Update Kconfig for user-mode Indirect Branch Tracking

[Yu-cheng Yu]

Indirect branch tracking is a hardware security feature that verifies near
indirect call/jump instructions arrive at intended targets, which are
labeled by the compiler with ENDBR opcodes.  If such instructions reach
unlabeled locations, the processor raises control-protection faults.

Check the compiler is up-to-date at config time.

Signed-off-by: Yu-cheng Yu <yu-cheng.yu@intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
---
 arch/x86/Kconfig | 1 +
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+)

diff --git a/arch/x86/Kconfig b/arch/x86/Kconfig
index cafa4a2c1d2d..5e157031bf82 100644
--- a/arch/x86/Kconfig
+++ b/arch/x86/Kconfig
@@ -1963,6 +1963,7 @@ config X86_CET
 	def_bool n
 	depends on AS_WRUSS
 	depends on ARCH_HAS_SHADOW_STACK
+	depends on $(cc-option,-fcf-protection)
 	select ARCH_USES_HIGH_VMA_FLAGS
 	select ARCH_MAYBE_MKWRITE
 	select ARCH_USE_GNU_PROPERTY
-- 
2.21.0

[PATCH v21 2/7] x86/cet/ibt: User-mode Indirect Branch Tracking support

[Yu-cheng Yu]

Introduce user-mode Indirect Branch Tracking (IBT) support.  Add routines
for the setup/disable of IBT.

Signed-off-by: Yu-cheng Yu <yu-cheng.yu@intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
---
 arch/x86/include/asm/cet.h |  3 +++
 arch/x86/kernel/cet.c      | 33 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 2 files changed, 36 insertions(+)

diff --git a/arch/x86/include/asm/cet.h b/arch/x86/include/asm/cet.h
index c2437378f339..c20c2f671145 100644
--- a/arch/x86/include/asm/cet.h
+++ b/arch/x86/include/asm/cet.h
@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@ struct cet_status {
 	unsigned long	shstk_base;
 	unsigned long	shstk_size;
 	unsigned int	locked:1;
+	unsigned int	ibt_enabled:1;
 };
 
 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_CET
@@ -27,6 +28,8 @@ void cet_free_shstk(struct task_struct *p);
 int cet_verify_rstor_token(bool ia32, unsigned long ssp, unsigned long *new_ssp);
 void cet_restore_signal(struct sc_ext *sc);
 int cet_setup_signal(bool ia32, unsigned long rstor, struct sc_ext *sc);
+int cet_setup_ibt(void);
+void cet_disable_ibt(void);
 #else
 static inline int prctl_cet(int option, u64 arg2) { return -EINVAL; }
 static inline int cet_setup_thread_shstk(struct task_struct *p,
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/cet.c b/arch/x86/kernel/cet.c
index 12738cdfb5f2..3361706ba950 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/cet.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/cet.c
@@ -13,6 +13,8 @@
 #include <linux/uaccess.h>
 #include <linux/sched/signal.h>
 #include <linux/compat.h>
+#include <linux/vmalloc.h>
+#include <linux/bitops.h>
 #include <asm/msr.h>
 #include <asm/user.h>
 #include <asm/fpu/internal.h>
@@ -346,3 +348,34 @@ int cet_setup_signal(bool ia32, unsigned long rstor_addr, struct sc_ext *sc_ext)
 
 	return 0;
 }
+
+int cet_setup_ibt(void)
+{
+	u64 msr_val;
+
+	if (!static_cpu_has(X86_FEATURE_IBT))
+		return -EOPNOTSUPP;
+
+	start_update_msrs();
+	rdmsrl(MSR_IA32_U_CET, msr_val);
+	msr_val |= (CET_ENDBR_EN | CET_NO_TRACK_EN);
+	wrmsrl(MSR_IA32_U_CET, msr_val);
+	end_update_msrs();
+	current->thread.cet.ibt_enabled = 1;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+void cet_disable_ibt(void)
+{
+	u64 msr_val;
+
+	if (!static_cpu_has(X86_FEATURE_IBT))
+		return;
+
+	start_update_msrs();
+	rdmsrl(MSR_IA32_U_CET, msr_val);
+	msr_val &= ~CET_ENDBR_EN;
+	wrmsrl(MSR_IA32_U_CET, msr_val);
+	end_update_msrs();
+	current->thread.cet.ibt_enabled = 0;
+}
-- 
2.21.0

[PATCH v21 3/7] x86/cet/ibt: Handle signals for Indirect Branch Tracking

[Yu-cheng Yu]

When an indirect CALL/JMP instruction is executed and before it reaches
the target, it is in 'WAIT_ENDBR' status, which can be read from
MSR_IA32_U_CET.  The status is part of a task's status before a signal is
raised and preserved in the signal frame.  It is restored for sigreturn.

IBT state machine is described in Intel SDM Vol. 1, Sec. 18.3.

Signed-off-by: Yu-cheng Yu <yu-cheng.yu@intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
---
 arch/x86/kernel/cet.c        | 26 ++++++++++++++++++++++++--
 arch/x86/kernel/fpu/signal.c |  8 +++++---
 2 files changed, 29 insertions(+), 5 deletions(-)

diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/cet.c b/arch/x86/kernel/cet.c
index 3361706ba950..34a26eb7f259 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/cet.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/cet.c
@@ -300,6 +300,13 @@ void cet_restore_signal(struct sc_ext *sc_ext)
 		msr_val |= CET_SHSTK_EN;
 	}
 
+	if (cet->ibt_enabled) {
+		msr_val |= (CET_ENDBR_EN | CET_NO_TRACK_EN);
+
+		if (sc_ext->wait_endbr)
+			msr_val |= CET_WAIT_ENDBR;
+	}
+
 	if (test_thread_flag(TIF_NEED_FPU_LOAD))
 		cet_user_state->user_cet = msr_val;
 	else
@@ -340,9 +347,24 @@ int cet_setup_signal(bool ia32, unsigned long rstor_addr, struct sc_ext *sc_ext)
 		sc_ext->ssp = new_ssp;
 	}
 
-	if (ssp) {
+	if (ssp || cet->ibt_enabled) {
 		start_update_msrs();
-		wrmsrl(MSR_IA32_PL3_SSP, ssp);
+
+		if (ssp)
+			wrmsrl(MSR_IA32_PL3_SSP, ssp);
+
+		if (cet->ibt_enabled) {
+			u64 r;
+
+			rdmsrl(MSR_IA32_U_CET, r);
+
+			if (r & CET_WAIT_ENDBR) {
+				sc_ext->wait_endbr = 1;
+				r &= ~CET_WAIT_ENDBR;
+				wrmsrl(MSR_IA32_U_CET, r);
+			}
+		}
+
 		end_update_msrs();
 	}
 
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/fpu/signal.c b/arch/x86/kernel/fpu/signal.c
index 270e4649f435..b914d74c8ba6 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/fpu/signal.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/fpu/signal.c
@@ -57,7 +57,8 @@ int save_cet_to_sigframe(int ia32, void __user *fp, unsigned long restorer)
 {
 	int err = 0;
 
-	if (!current->thread.cet.shstk_size)
+	if (!current->thread.cet.shstk_size &&
+	    !current->thread.cet.ibt_enabled)
 		return 0;
 
 	if (fp) {
@@ -89,7 +90,8 @@ static int get_cet_from_sigframe(int ia32, void __user *fp, struct sc_ext *ext)
 
 	memset(ext, 0, sizeof(*ext));
 
-	if (!current->thread.cet.shstk_size)
+	if (!current->thread.cet.shstk_size &&
+	    !current->thread.cet.ibt_enabled)
 		return 0;
 
 	if (fp) {
@@ -577,7 +579,7 @@ static unsigned long fpu__alloc_sigcontext_ext(unsigned long sp)
 	 * sigcontext_ext is at: fpu + fpu_user_xstate_size +
 	 * FP_XSTATE_MAGIC2_SIZE, then aligned to 8.
 	 */
-	if (cet->shstk_size)
+	if (cet->shstk_size || cet->ibt_enabled)
 		sp -= (sizeof(struct sc_ext) + 8);
 
 	return sp;
-- 
2.21.0

[PATCH v21 4/7] x86/cet/ibt: Update ELF header parsing for Indirect Branch Tracking

[Yu-cheng Yu]

An ELF file's .note.gnu.property indicates features the file supports.
The property is parsed at loading time and passed to arch_setup_elf_
property().  Update it for Indirect Branch Tracking.

Signed-off-by: Yu-cheng Yu <yu-cheng.yu@intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
---
 arch/x86/kernel/process_64.c | 8 ++++++++
 1 file changed, 8 insertions(+)

diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/process_64.c b/arch/x86/kernel/process_64.c
index 19f138f7a209..ccf3f66f4d2c 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/process_64.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/process_64.c
@@ -864,6 +864,14 @@ int arch_setup_elf_property(struct arch_elf_state *state)
 			r = cet_setup_shstk();
 	}
 
+	if (r < 0)
+		return r;
+
+	if (static_cpu_has(X86_FEATURE_IBT)) {
+		if (state->gnu_property & GNU_PROPERTY_X86_FEATURE_1_IBT)
+			r = cet_setup_ibt();
+	}
+
 	return r;
 }
 #endif
-- 
2.21.0

[PATCH v21 5/7] x86/cet/ibt: Update arch_prctl functions for Indirect Branch Tracking

[Yu-cheng Yu]

From: "H.J. Lu" <hjl.tools@gmail.com>

Update ARCH_X86_CET_STATUS and ARCH_X86_CET_DISABLE for Indirect Branch
Tracking.

Signed-off-by: H.J. Lu <hjl.tools@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Yu-cheng Yu <yu-cheng.yu@intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
---
 arch/x86/kernel/cet_prctl.c | 5 +++++
 1 file changed, 5 insertions(+)

diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/cet_prctl.c b/arch/x86/kernel/cet_prctl.c
index 0030c63a08c0..4df1eac41965 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/cet_prctl.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/cet_prctl.c
@@ -22,6 +22,9 @@ static int cet_copy_status_to_user(struct cet_status *cet, u64 __user *ubuf)
 		buf[2] = cet->shstk_size;
 	}
 
+	if (cet->ibt_enabled)
+		buf[0] |= GNU_PROPERTY_X86_FEATURE_1_IBT;
+
 	return copy_to_user(ubuf, buf, sizeof(buf));
 }
 
@@ -46,6 +49,8 @@ int prctl_cet(int option, u64 arg2)
 			return -EINVAL;
 		if (arg2 & GNU_PROPERTY_X86_FEATURE_1_SHSTK)
 			cet_disable_shstk();
+		if (arg2 & GNU_PROPERTY_X86_FEATURE_1_IBT)
+			cet_disable_ibt();
 		return 0;
 
 	case ARCH_X86_CET_LOCK:
-- 
2.21.0

[PATCH v21 6/7] x86/vdso/32: Add ENDBR32 to __kernel_vsyscall entry point

[Yu-cheng Yu]

From: "H.J. Lu" <hjl.tools@gmail.com>

Add ENDBR32 to __kernel_vsyscall entry point.

Signed-off-by: H.J. Lu <hjl.tools@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Yu-cheng Yu <yu-cheng.yu@intel.com>
Acked-by: Andy Lutomirski <luto@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
---
 arch/x86/entry/vdso/vdso32/system_call.S | 3 +++
 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+)

diff --git a/arch/x86/entry/vdso/vdso32/system_call.S b/arch/x86/entry/vdso/vdso32/system_call.S
index de1fff7188aa..f19eaec3de3b 100644
--- a/arch/x86/entry/vdso/vdso32/system_call.S
+++ b/arch/x86/entry/vdso/vdso32/system_call.S
@@ -14,6 +14,9 @@
 	ALIGN
 __kernel_vsyscall:
 	CFI_STARTPROC
+#ifdef CONFIG_X86_CET
+	endbr32
+#endif
 	/*
 	 * Reshuffle regs so that all of any of the entry instructions
 	 * will preserve enough state.
-- 
2.21.0

[PATCH v21 7/7] x86/vdso: Insert endbr32/endbr64 to vDSO

[Yu-cheng Yu]

From: "H.J. Lu" <hjl.tools@gmail.com>

When Indirect Branch Tracking (IBT) is enabled, vDSO functions may be
called indirectly, and must have ENDBR32 or ENDBR64 as the first
instruction.  The compiler must support -fcf-protection=branch so that it
can be used to compile vDSO.

Signed-off-by: H.J. Lu <hjl.tools@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Yu-cheng Yu <yu-cheng.yu@intel.com>
Acked-by: Andy Lutomirski <luto@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
---
 arch/x86/entry/vdso/Makefile | 4 ++++
 1 file changed, 4 insertions(+)

diff --git a/arch/x86/entry/vdso/Makefile b/arch/x86/entry/vdso/Makefile
index 02e3e42f380b..ff7b56feb5c3 100644
--- a/arch/x86/entry/vdso/Makefile
+++ b/arch/x86/entry/vdso/Makefile
@@ -93,6 +93,10 @@ endif
 
 $(vobjs): KBUILD_CFLAGS := $(filter-out $(GCC_PLUGINS_CFLAGS) $(RETPOLINE_CFLAGS),$(KBUILD_CFLAGS)) $(CFL)
 
+ifdef CONFIG_X86_CET
+$(vobjs) $(vobjs32): KBUILD_CFLAGS += -fcf-protection=branch
+endif
+
 #
 # vDSO code runs in userspace and -pg doesn't help with profiling anyway.
 #
-- 
2.21.0