[PATCH v3] userfaultfd: provide unmasked address on page-fault

[Nadav Amit <nadav.amit@gmail.com>]

From: Nadav Amit <namit@vmware.com>

Userfaultfd is supposed to provide the full address (i.e., unmasked) of
the faulting access back to userspace. However, that is not the case for
quite some time.

Even running "userfaultfd_demo" from the userfaultfd man page provides
the wrong output (and contradicts the man page). Notice that
"UFFD_EVENT_PAGEFAULT event" shows the masked address (7fc5e30b3000)
and not the first read address (0x7fc5e30b300f).

	Address returned by mmap() = 0x7fc5e30b3000

	fault_handler_thread():
	    poll() returns: nready = 1; POLLIN = 1; POLLERR = 0
	    UFFD_EVENT_PAGEFAULT event: flags = 0; address = 7fc5e30b3000
		(uffdio_copy.copy returned 4096)
	Read address 0x7fc5e30b300f in main(): A
	Read address 0x7fc5e30b340f in main(): A
	Read address 0x7fc5e30b380f in main(): A
	Read address 0x7fc5e30b3c0f in main(): A

The exact address is useful for various reasons and specifically for
prefetching decisions. If it is known that the memory is populated by
certain objects whose size is not page-aligned, then based on the
faulting address, the uffd-monitor can decide whether to prefetch and
prefault the adjacent page.

This bug has been for quite some time in the kernel: since commit
1a29d85eb0f1 ("mm: use vmf->address instead of of vmf->virtual_address")
vmf->virtual_address"), which dates back to 2016. A concern has been
raised that existing userspace application might rely on the old/wrong
behavior in which the address is masked. Therefore, it was suggested to
provide the masked address unless the user explicitly asks for the exact
address.

Add a new userfaultfd feature UFFD_FEATURE_EXACT_ADDRESS to direct
userfaultfd to provide the exact address. Add a new "real_address" field
to vmf to hold the unmasked address. Provide the address to userspace
accordingly.

Initialize real_address in various code-paths to be consistent with
address, even when it is not used, to be on the safe side.

Acked-by: Peter Xu <peterx@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Mike Rapoport <rppt@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Nadav Amit <namit@vmware.com>

---

v2->v3:
* Initialize real_address on all code paths [Jan]

v1->v2:
* Add uffd feature to selectively enable [David, Andrea]
---
 fs/userfaultfd.c                 | 5 ++++-
 include/linux/mm.h               | 3 ++-
 include/uapi/linux/userfaultfd.h | 8 +++++++-
 mm/hugetlb.c                     | 6 ++++--
 mm/memory.c                      | 1 +
 mm/swapfile.c                    | 1 +
 6 files changed, 19 insertions(+), 5 deletions(-)

diff --git a/fs/userfaultfd.c b/fs/userfaultfd.c
index e26b10132d47..826927026fe7 100644
--- a/fs/userfaultfd.c
+++ b/fs/userfaultfd.c
@@ -198,6 +198,9 @@ static inline struct uffd_msg userfault_msg(unsigned long address,
 	struct uffd_msg msg;
 	msg_init(&msg);
 	msg.event = UFFD_EVENT_PAGEFAULT;
+
+	if (!(features & UFFD_FEATURE_EXACT_ADDRESS))
+		address &= PAGE_MASK;
 	msg.arg.pagefault.address = address;
 	/*
 	 * These flags indicate why the userfault occurred:
@@ -482,7 +485,7 @@ vm_fault_t handle_userfault(struct vm_fault *vmf, unsigned long reason)
 
 	init_waitqueue_func_entry(&uwq.wq, userfaultfd_wake_function);
 	uwq.wq.private = current;
-	uwq.msg = userfault_msg(vmf->address, vmf->flags, reason,
+	uwq.msg = userfault_msg(vmf->real_address, vmf->flags, reason,
 			ctx->features);
 	uwq.ctx = ctx;
 	uwq.waken = false;
diff --git a/include/linux/mm.h b/include/linux/mm.h
index 213cc569b192..27df0ca0a36a 100644
--- a/include/linux/mm.h
+++ b/include/linux/mm.h
@@ -478,7 +478,8 @@ struct vm_fault {
 		struct vm_area_struct *vma;	/* Target VMA */
 		gfp_t gfp_mask;			/* gfp mask to be used for allocations */
 		pgoff_t pgoff;			/* Logical page offset based on vma */
-		unsigned long address;		/* Faulting virtual address */
+		unsigned long address;		/* Faulting virtual address - masked */
+		unsigned long real_address;	/* Faulting virtual address - unmaked */
 	};
 	enum fault_flag flags;		/* FAULT_FLAG_xxx flags
 					 * XXX: should really be 'const' */
diff --git a/include/uapi/linux/userfaultfd.h b/include/uapi/linux/userfaultfd.h
index 05b31d60acf6..ef739054cb1c 100644
--- a/include/uapi/linux/userfaultfd.h
+++ b/include/uapi/linux/userfaultfd.h
@@ -32,7 +32,8 @@
 			   UFFD_FEATURE_SIGBUS |		\
 			   UFFD_FEATURE_THREAD_ID |		\
 			   UFFD_FEATURE_MINOR_HUGETLBFS |	\
-			   UFFD_FEATURE_MINOR_SHMEM)
+			   UFFD_FEATURE_MINOR_SHMEM |		\
+			   UFFD_FEATURE_EXACT_ADDRESS)
 #define UFFD_API_IOCTLS				\
 	((__u64)1 << _UFFDIO_REGISTER |		\
 	 (__u64)1 << _UFFDIO_UNREGISTER |	\
@@ -189,6 +190,10 @@ struct uffdio_api {
 	 *
 	 * UFFD_FEATURE_MINOR_SHMEM indicates the same support as
 	 * UFFD_FEATURE_MINOR_HUGETLBFS, but for shmem-backed pages instead.
+	 *
+	 * UFFD_FEATURE_EXACT_ADDRESS indicates that the exact address of page
+	 * faults would be provided and the offset within the page would not be
+	 * masked.
 	 */
 #define UFFD_FEATURE_PAGEFAULT_FLAG_WP		(1<<0)
 #define UFFD_FEATURE_EVENT_FORK			(1<<1)
@@ -201,6 +206,7 @@ struct uffdio_api {
 #define UFFD_FEATURE_THREAD_ID			(1<<8)
 #define UFFD_FEATURE_MINOR_HUGETLBFS		(1<<9)
 #define UFFD_FEATURE_MINOR_SHMEM		(1<<10)
+#define UFFD_FEATURE_EXACT_ADDRESS		(1<<11)
 	__u64 features;
 
 	__u64 ioctls;
diff --git a/mm/hugetlb.c b/mm/hugetlb.c
index 61895cc01d09..16017f90568b 100644
--- a/mm/hugetlb.c
+++ b/mm/hugetlb.c
@@ -5342,6 +5342,7 @@ static inline vm_fault_t hugetlb_handle_userfault(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
 						  pgoff_t idx,
 						  unsigned int flags,
 						  unsigned long haddr,
+						  unsigned long addr,
 						  unsigned long reason)
 {
 	vm_fault_t ret;
@@ -5349,6 +5350,7 @@ static inline vm_fault_t hugetlb_handle_userfault(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
 	struct vm_fault vmf = {
 		.vma = vma,
 		.address = haddr,
+		.real_address = addr,
 		.flags = flags,
 
 		/*
@@ -5417,7 +5419,7 @@ static vm_fault_t hugetlb_no_page(struct mm_struct *mm,
 		/* Check for page in userfault range */
 		if (userfaultfd_missing(vma)) {
 			ret = hugetlb_handle_userfault(vma, mapping, idx,
-						       flags, haddr,
+						       flags, haddr, address,
 						       VM_UFFD_MISSING);
 			goto out;
 		}
@@ -5481,7 +5483,7 @@ static vm_fault_t hugetlb_no_page(struct mm_struct *mm,
 			unlock_page(page);
 			put_page(page);
 			ret = hugetlb_handle_userfault(vma, mapping, idx,
-						       flags, haddr,
+						       flags, haddr, address,
 						       VM_UFFD_MINOR);
 			goto out;
 		}
diff --git a/mm/memory.c b/mm/memory.c
index c125c4969913..aae53fde13d9 100644
--- a/mm/memory.c
+++ b/mm/memory.c
@@ -4622,6 +4622,7 @@ static vm_fault_t __handle_mm_fault(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
 	struct vm_fault vmf = {
 		.vma = vma,
 		.address = address & PAGE_MASK,
+		.real_address = address,
 		.flags = flags,
 		.pgoff = linear_page_index(vma, address),
 		.gfp_mask = __get_fault_gfp_mask(vma),
diff --git a/mm/swapfile.c b/mm/swapfile.c
index bf0df7aa7158..33c7abb16610 100644
--- a/mm/swapfile.c
+++ b/mm/swapfile.c
@@ -1951,6 +1951,7 @@ static int unuse_pte_range(struct vm_area_struct *vma, pmd_t *pmd,
 			struct vm_fault vmf = {
 				.vma = vma,
 				.address = addr,
+				.real_address = addr,
 				.pmd = pmd,
 			};
 
-- 
2.25.1