All of lore.kernel.org
 help / color / mirror / Atom feed
From: "Matthew Wilcox (Oracle)" <willy@infradead.org>
To: linux-fsdevel@vger.kernel.org
Cc: "Matthew Wilcox (Oracle)" <willy@infradead.org>
Subject: [PATCH 1/5] fs: Add free_folio address space operation
Date: Sun,  8 May 2022 21:32:57 +0100	[thread overview]
Message-ID: <20220508203301.669147-2-willy@infradead.org> (raw)
In-Reply-To: <20220508203301.669147-1-willy@infradead.org>

Include documentation and convert the callers to use ->free_folio as
well as ->freepage.

Signed-off-by: Matthew Wilcox (Oracle) <willy@infradead.org>
---
 Documentation/filesystems/locking.rst | 10 +++++-----
 Documentation/filesystems/vfs.rst     |  6 +++---
 include/linux/fs.h                    |  1 +
 mm/filemap.c                          |  9 ++++++++-
 mm/vmscan.c                           |  6 +++++-
 5 files changed, 22 insertions(+), 10 deletions(-)

diff --git a/Documentation/filesystems/locking.rst b/Documentation/filesystems/locking.rst
index 2a295bb72dbc..55b029b2d420 100644
--- a/Documentation/filesystems/locking.rst
+++ b/Documentation/filesystems/locking.rst
@@ -250,7 +250,7 @@ prototypes::
 	sector_t (*bmap)(struct address_space *, sector_t);
 	void (*invalidate_folio) (struct folio *, size_t start, size_t len);
 	int (*release_folio)(struct folio *, gfp_t);
-	void (*freepage)(struct page *);
+	void (*free_folio)(struct folio *);
 	int (*direct_IO)(struct kiocb *, struct iov_iter *iter);
 	bool (*isolate_page) (struct page *, isolate_mode_t);
 	int (*migratepage)(struct address_space *, struct page *, struct page *);
@@ -262,10 +262,10 @@ prototypes::
 	int (*swap_deactivate)(struct file *);
 
 locking rules:
-	All except dirty_folio and freepage may block
+	All except dirty_folio and free_folio may block
 
 ======================	======================== =========	===============
-ops			PageLocked(page)	 i_rwsem	invalidate_lock
+ops			folio locked		 i_rwsem	invalidate_lock
 ======================	======================== =========	===============
 writepage:		yes, unlocks (see below)
 read_folio:		yes, unlocks				shared
@@ -277,7 +277,7 @@ write_end:		yes, unlocks		 exclusive
 bmap:
 invalidate_folio:	yes					exclusive
 release_folio:		yes
-freepage:		yes
+free_folio:		yes
 direct_IO:
 isolate_page:		yes
 migratepage:		yes (both)
@@ -377,7 +377,7 @@ buffers from the folio in preparation for freeing it.  It returns false to
 indicate that the buffers are (or may be) freeable.  If ->release_folio is
 NULL, the kernel assumes that the fs has no private interest in the buffers.
 
-->freepage() is called when the kernel is done dropping the page
+->free_folio() is called when the kernel has dropped the folio
 from the page cache.
 
 ->launder_folio() may be called prior to releasing a folio if
diff --git a/Documentation/filesystems/vfs.rst b/Documentation/filesystems/vfs.rst
index 679887b5c8fc..12a011d2cbc6 100644
--- a/Documentation/filesystems/vfs.rst
+++ b/Documentation/filesystems/vfs.rst
@@ -735,7 +735,7 @@ cache in your filesystem.  The following members are defined:
 		sector_t (*bmap)(struct address_space *, sector_t);
 		void (*invalidate_folio) (struct folio *, size_t start, size_t len);
 		bool (*release_folio)(struct folio *, gfp_t);
-		void (*freepage)(struct page *);
+		void (*free_folio)(struct folio *);
 		ssize_t (*direct_IO)(struct kiocb *, struct iov_iter *iter);
 		/* isolate a page for migration */
 		bool (*isolate_page) (struct page *, isolate_mode_t);
@@ -891,8 +891,8 @@ cache in your filesystem.  The following members are defined:
 	its release_folio will need to ensure this.  Possibly it can
 	clear the uptodate flag if it cannot free private data yet.
 
-``freepage``
-	freepage is called once the page is no longer visible in the
+``free_folio``
+	free_folio is called once the folio is no longer visible in the
 	page cache in order to allow the cleanup of any private data.
 	Since it may be called by the memory reclaimer, it should not
 	assume that the original address_space mapping still exists, and
diff --git a/include/linux/fs.h b/include/linux/fs.h
index 1cee64d9724b..915844e6293e 100644
--- a/include/linux/fs.h
+++ b/include/linux/fs.h
@@ -356,6 +356,7 @@ struct address_space_operations {
 	sector_t (*bmap)(struct address_space *, sector_t);
 	void (*invalidate_folio) (struct folio *, size_t offset, size_t len);
 	bool (*release_folio)(struct folio *, gfp_t);
+	void (*free_folio)(struct folio *folio);
 	void (*freepage)(struct page *);
 	ssize_t (*direct_IO)(struct kiocb *, struct iov_iter *iter);
 	/*
diff --git a/mm/filemap.c b/mm/filemap.c
index d335a154a0d9..adcdef56890f 100644
--- a/mm/filemap.c
+++ b/mm/filemap.c
@@ -226,8 +226,12 @@ void __filemap_remove_folio(struct folio *folio, void *shadow)
 void filemap_free_folio(struct address_space *mapping, struct folio *folio)
 {
 	void (*freepage)(struct page *);
+	void (*free_folio)(struct folio *);
 	int refs = 1;
 
+	free_folio = mapping->a_ops->free_folio;
+	if (free_folio)
+		free_folio(folio);
 	freepage = mapping->a_ops->freepage;
 	if (freepage)
 		freepage(&folio->page);
@@ -807,6 +811,7 @@ void replace_page_cache_page(struct page *old, struct page *new)
 	struct folio *fold = page_folio(old);
 	struct folio *fnew = page_folio(new);
 	struct address_space *mapping = old->mapping;
+	void (*free_folio)(struct folio *) = mapping->a_ops->free_folio;
 	void (*freepage)(struct page *) = mapping->a_ops->freepage;
 	pgoff_t offset = old->index;
 	XA_STATE(xas, &mapping->i_pages, offset);
@@ -835,9 +840,11 @@ void replace_page_cache_page(struct page *old, struct page *new)
 	if (PageSwapBacked(new))
 		__inc_lruvec_page_state(new, NR_SHMEM);
 	xas_unlock_irq(&xas);
+	if (free_folio)
+		free_folio(fold);
 	if (freepage)
 		freepage(old);
-	put_page(old);
+	folio_put(fold);
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(replace_page_cache_page);
 
diff --git a/mm/vmscan.c b/mm/vmscan.c
index f3f7ce2c4068..d8a031128ad0 100644
--- a/mm/vmscan.c
+++ b/mm/vmscan.c
@@ -1282,8 +1282,10 @@ static int __remove_mapping(struct address_space *mapping, struct folio *folio,
 		xa_unlock_irq(&mapping->i_pages);
 		put_swap_page(&folio->page, swap);
 	} else {
+		void (*free_folio)(struct folio *);
 		void (*freepage)(struct page *);
 
+		free_folio = mapping->a_ops->free_folio;
 		freepage = mapping->a_ops->freepage;
 		/*
 		 * Remember a shadow entry for reclaimed file cache in
@@ -1310,7 +1312,9 @@ static int __remove_mapping(struct address_space *mapping, struct folio *folio,
 			inode_add_lru(mapping->host);
 		spin_unlock(&mapping->host->i_lock);
 
-		if (freepage != NULL)
+		if (free_folio)
+			free_folio(folio);
+		if (freepage)
 			freepage(&folio->page);
 	}
 
-- 
2.34.1


  reply	other threads:[~2022-05-08 20:35 UTC|newest]

Thread overview: 132+ messages / expand[flat|nested]  mbox.gz  Atom feed  top
2022-05-08 19:33 [GIT UPDATE] pagecache tree Matthew Wilcox
2022-05-08 20:28 ` [PATCH] Appoint myself page cache maintainer Matthew Wilcox (Oracle)
2022-05-08 23:16   ` Dave Chinner
2022-05-09  1:05     ` Darrick J. Wong
2022-05-09 10:28     ` Jeff Layton
2022-05-11 13:34   ` Christian Brauner
2022-05-12 13:48   ` Vlastimil Babka
2022-05-08 20:28 ` [PATCH] scsicam: Fix use of page cache Matthew Wilcox (Oracle)
2022-05-08 20:29 ` [PATCH 00/25] Remove AOP flags (and related cleanups) Matthew Wilcox (Oracle)
2022-05-08 20:29   ` [PATCH 01/25] ext4: Use page_symlink() instead of __page_symlink() Matthew Wilcox (Oracle)
2022-05-08 20:29   ` [PATCH 02/25] namei: Merge page_symlink() and __page_symlink() Matthew Wilcox (Oracle)
2022-05-08 20:29   ` [PATCH 03/25] namei: Convert page_symlink() to use memalloc_nofs_save() Matthew Wilcox (Oracle)
2022-05-08 20:29   ` [PATCH 04/25] f2fs: Convert f2fs_grab_cache_page() to use scoped memory APIs Matthew Wilcox (Oracle)
2022-05-08 20:29   ` [PATCH 05/25] ext4: Allow GFP_FS allocations in ext4_da_convert_inline_data_to_extent() Matthew Wilcox (Oracle)
2022-05-08 20:29   ` [PATCH 06/25] ext4: Use scoped memory API in mext_page_double_lock() Matthew Wilcox (Oracle)
2022-05-08 20:29   ` [PATCH 07/25] ext4: Use scoped memory APIs in ext4_da_write_begin() Matthew Wilcox (Oracle)
2022-05-08 20:29   ` [PATCH 08/25] ext4: Use scoped memory APIs in ext4_write_begin() Matthew Wilcox (Oracle)
2022-05-08 20:29   ` [PATCH 09/25] fs: Remove AOP_FLAG_NOFS Matthew Wilcox (Oracle)
2022-05-08 20:29   ` [PATCH 10/25] fs: Remove aop_flags parameter from netfs_write_begin() Matthew Wilcox (Oracle)
2022-05-08 20:29   ` [PATCH 11/25] fs: Remove aop flags parameter from block_write_begin() Matthew Wilcox (Oracle)
2022-05-08 20:29   ` [PATCH 12/25] fs: Remove aop flags parameter from cont_write_begin() Matthew Wilcox (Oracle)
2022-05-08 20:29   ` [PATCH 13/25] fs: Remove aop flags parameter from grab_cache_page_write_begin() Matthew Wilcox (Oracle)
2022-05-08 20:29   ` [PATCH 14/25] fs: Remove aop flags parameter from nobh_write_begin() Matthew Wilcox (Oracle)
2022-05-08 20:29   ` [PATCH 15/25] fs: Remove flags parameter from aops->write_begin Matthew Wilcox (Oracle)
2022-05-08 20:29   ` [PATCH 16/25] buffer: Call aops write_begin() and write_end() directly Matthew Wilcox (Oracle)
2022-05-08 20:29   ` [PATCH 17/25] namei: " Matthew Wilcox (Oracle)
2022-05-08 20:29   ` [PATCH 18/25] ntfs3: Call ntfs_write_begin() and ntfs_write_end() directly Matthew Wilcox (Oracle)
2022-05-08 20:29   ` [PATCH 19/25] ntfs3: Remove fsdata parameter from ntfs_extend_initialized_size() Matthew Wilcox (Oracle)
2022-05-08 20:29   ` [PATCH 20/25] hfs: Call hfs_write_begin() and generic_write_end() directly Matthew Wilcox (Oracle)
2022-05-08 20:29   ` [PATCH 21/25] hfsplus: Call hfsplus_write_begin() " Matthew Wilcox (Oracle)
2022-05-08 20:29   ` [PATCH 22/25] ext4: Call aops write_begin() and write_end() directly Matthew Wilcox (Oracle)
2022-05-08 20:29   ` [PATCH 23/25] f2fs: " Matthew Wilcox (Oracle)
2022-05-08 20:29   ` [PATCH 24/25] i915: " Matthew Wilcox (Oracle)
2022-05-08 20:29   ` [PATCH 25/25] fs: Remove pagecache_write_begin() and pagecache_write_end() Matthew Wilcox (Oracle)
2022-05-08 20:30 ` [PATCH 0/3] Pagecache documentation updates Matthew Wilcox (Oracle)
2022-05-08 20:30   ` [PATCH 1/3] filemap: Remove obsolete comment in lock_page Matthew Wilcox (Oracle)
2022-05-09  3:21     ` Miaohe Lin
2022-05-08 20:30   ` [PATCH 2/3] filemap: Update the folio_lock documentation Matthew Wilcox (Oracle)
2022-05-08 20:30   ` [PATCH 3/3] filemap: Update the folio_mark_dirty documentation Matthew Wilcox (Oracle)
2022-05-08 20:30 ` [PATCH 00/37] Convert aops->read_page to aops->read_folio Matthew Wilcox (Oracle)
2022-05-08 20:30   ` [PATCH 01/37] fs: Introduce aops->read_folio Matthew Wilcox (Oracle)
2022-05-08 20:30   ` [PATCH 02/37] fs: Add read_folio documentation Matthew Wilcox (Oracle)
2022-05-08 20:30   ` [PATCH 03/37] fs: Convert netfs_readpage to netfs_read_folio Matthew Wilcox (Oracle)
2022-05-08 20:30   ` [PATCH 04/37] fs: Convert iomap_readpage to iomap_read_folio Matthew Wilcox (Oracle)
2022-05-08 20:30   ` [PATCH 05/37] fs: Convert block_read_full_page() to block_read_full_folio() Matthew Wilcox (Oracle)
2022-05-08 20:31   ` [PATCH 06/37] fs: Convert mpage_readpage to mpage_read_folio Matthew Wilcox (Oracle)
2022-05-08 20:31   ` [PATCH 07/37] fs: Convert simple_readpage to simple_read_folio Matthew Wilcox (Oracle)
2022-05-08 20:31   ` [PATCH 08/37] affs: Convert affs to read_folio Matthew Wilcox (Oracle)
2022-05-08 20:31   ` [PATCH 09/37] afs: Convert afs_symlink_readpage to afs_symlink_read_folio Matthew Wilcox (Oracle)
2022-05-08 20:31   ` [PATCH 10/37] befs: Convert befs to read_folio Matthew Wilcox (Oracle)
2022-05-08 20:31   ` [PATCH 11/37] btrfs: Convert btrfs " Matthew Wilcox (Oracle)
2022-05-08 20:31   ` [PATCH 12/37] cifs: Convert cifs " Matthew Wilcox (Oracle)
2022-05-08 20:31   ` [PATCH 13/37] coda: Convert coda " Matthew Wilcox (Oracle)
2022-05-08 20:31   ` [PATCH 14/37] cramfs: Convert cramfs " Matthew Wilcox (Oracle)
2022-05-08 20:31   ` [PATCH 15/37] ecryptfs: Convert ecryptfs " Matthew Wilcox (Oracle)
2022-05-08 20:31   ` [PATCH 16/37] efs: Convert efs symlinks " Matthew Wilcox (Oracle)
2022-05-08 20:31   ` [PATCH 17/37] erofs: Convert erofs zdata " Matthew Wilcox (Oracle)
2022-05-08 20:31   ` [PATCH 18/37] ext4: Convert ext4 " Matthew Wilcox (Oracle)
2022-05-09 13:30     ` Theodore Ts'o
2022-05-09 14:07       ` Matthew Wilcox
2022-05-09 20:16         ` Theodore Ts'o
2022-05-09 21:07           ` Matthew Wilcox
2022-05-08 20:31   ` [PATCH 19/37] f2fs: Convert f2fs " Matthew Wilcox (Oracle)
2022-05-08 20:31   ` [PATCH 20/37] freevxfs: Convert vxfs_immed " Matthew Wilcox (Oracle)
2022-05-08 20:31   ` [PATCH 21/37] fuse: Convert fuse " Matthew Wilcox (Oracle)
2022-05-08 20:31   ` [PATCH 22/37] hostfs: Convert hostfs " Matthew Wilcox (Oracle)
2022-05-08 20:31   ` [PATCH 23/37] hpfs: Convert symlinks " Matthew Wilcox (Oracle)
2022-05-08 20:31   ` [PATCH 24/37] isofs: Convert symlinks and zisofs " Matthew Wilcox (Oracle)
2022-05-08 20:31   ` [PATCH 25/37] jffs2: Convert jffs2 " Matthew Wilcox (Oracle)
2022-05-08 20:31   ` [PATCH 26/37] jfs: Convert metadata pages " Matthew Wilcox (Oracle)
2022-05-08 20:31   ` [PATCH 27/37] nfs: Convert nfs " Matthew Wilcox (Oracle)
2022-05-08 20:31   ` [PATCH 28/37] ntfs: Convert ntfs " Matthew Wilcox (Oracle)
2022-05-08 20:31   ` [PATCH 29/37] ocfs2: Convert ocfs2 " Matthew Wilcox (Oracle)
2022-05-08 20:31   ` [PATCH 30/37] orangefs: Convert orangefs " Matthew Wilcox (Oracle)
2022-05-08 20:31   ` [PATCH 31/37] romfs: Convert romfs " Matthew Wilcox (Oracle)
2022-05-08 20:31   ` [PATCH 32/37] squashfs: Convert squashfs " Matthew Wilcox (Oracle)
2022-05-08 20:31   ` [PATCH 33/37] ubifs: Convert ubifs " Matthew Wilcox (Oracle)
2022-05-08 20:31   ` [PATCH 34/37] udf: Convert adinicb and symlinks " Matthew Wilcox (Oracle)
2022-05-08 20:31   ` [PATCH 35/37] vboxsf: Convert vboxsf " Matthew Wilcox (Oracle)
2022-05-08 20:31   ` [PATCH 36/37] mm: Convert swap_readpage to call read_folio instead of readpage Matthew Wilcox (Oracle)
2022-05-08 20:31   ` [PATCH 37/37] mm,fs: Remove aops->readpage Matthew Wilcox (Oracle)
2022-05-08 20:31 ` [PATCH 0/4] Miscellaneous folio conversions Matthew Wilcox (Oracle)
2022-05-08 20:31   ` [PATCH 1/4] readahead: Use a folio in read_pages() Matthew Wilcox (Oracle)
2022-05-08 20:31   ` [PATCH 2/4] fs: Convert is_dirty_writeback() to take a folio Matthew Wilcox (Oracle)
2022-05-08 20:31   ` [PATCH 3/4] mm/readahead: Convert page_cache_async_readahead " Matthew Wilcox (Oracle)
2022-05-08 20:31   ` [PATCH 4/4] buffer: Rewrite nobh_truncate_page() to use folios Matthew Wilcox (Oracle)
2022-05-08 20:32 ` [PATCH 00/26] Convert aops->releasepage to aops->release_folio Matthew Wilcox (Oracle)
2022-05-08 20:32   ` [PATCH 01/26] fs: Add aops->release_folio Matthew Wilcox (Oracle)
2022-05-09 10:33     ` Jeff Layton
2022-05-09 12:23       ` Matthew Wilcox
2022-05-08 20:32   ` [PATCH 02/26] iomap: Convert to release_folio Matthew Wilcox (Oracle)
2022-05-08 20:32   ` [PATCH 03/26] 9p: " Matthew Wilcox (Oracle)
2022-05-08 20:32   ` [PATCH 04/26] afs: " Matthew Wilcox (Oracle)
2022-05-08 20:32   ` [PATCH 05/26] btrfs: " Matthew Wilcox (Oracle)
2022-05-08 20:32   ` [PATCH 06/26] ceph: " Matthew Wilcox (Oracle)
2022-05-08 20:32   ` [PATCH 07/26] cifs: " Matthew Wilcox (Oracle)
2022-05-08 20:32   ` [PATCH 08/26] erofs: " Matthew Wilcox (Oracle)
2022-05-08 20:32   ` [PATCH 09/26] ext4: " Matthew Wilcox (Oracle)
2022-05-09 13:14     ` Theodore Ts'o
2022-05-08 20:32   ` [PATCH 10/26] f2fs: " Matthew Wilcox (Oracle)
2022-05-08 20:32   ` [PATCH 11/26] gfs2: " Matthew Wilcox (Oracle)
2022-05-09 12:24     ` Bob Peterson
2022-05-08 20:32   ` [PATCH 12/26] hfs: " Matthew Wilcox (Oracle)
2022-05-08 20:32   ` [PATCH 13/26] hfsplus: " Matthew Wilcox (Oracle)
2022-05-08 20:32   ` [PATCH 14/26] jfs: " Matthew Wilcox (Oracle)
2022-05-08 20:32   ` [PATCH 15/26] nfs: " Matthew Wilcox (Oracle)
2022-05-08 20:32   ` [PATCH 16/26] nilfs2: Remove comment about releasepage Matthew Wilcox (Oracle)
2022-05-08 20:32   ` [PATCH 17/26] ocfs2: Convert to release_folio Matthew Wilcox (Oracle)
2022-05-08 20:32   ` [PATCH 18/26] orangefs: " Matthew Wilcox (Oracle)
2022-05-08 20:32   ` [PATCH 19/26] reiserfs: " Matthew Wilcox (Oracle)
2022-05-08 20:32   ` [PATCH 20/26] ubifs: " Matthew Wilcox (Oracle)
2022-05-08 20:32   ` [PATCH 21/26] fs: Remove last vestiges of releasepage Matthew Wilcox (Oracle)
2022-05-08 20:32   ` [PATCH 22/26] reiserfs: Convert release_buffer_page() to use a folio Matthew Wilcox (Oracle)
2022-05-08 20:32   ` [PATCH 23/26] jbd2: Convert jbd2_journal_try_to_free_buffers to take " Matthew Wilcox (Oracle)
2022-05-09 13:17     ` Theodore Ts'o
2022-05-08 20:32   ` [PATCH 24/26] jbd2: Convert release_buffer_page() to use " Matthew Wilcox (Oracle)
2022-05-09 13:23     ` Theodore Ts'o
2022-05-09 13:48       ` Matthew Wilcox
2022-05-08 20:32   ` [PATCH 25/26] fs: Change try_to_free_buffers() to take " Matthew Wilcox (Oracle)
2022-05-08 20:32   ` [PATCH 26/26] fs: Convert drop_buffers() to use " Matthew Wilcox (Oracle)
2022-05-09 10:34   ` [PATCH 00/26] Convert aops->releasepage to aops->release_folio Jeff Layton
2022-05-08 20:32 ` [PATCH 0/4] Unify filler_t and aops->read_folio Matthew Wilcox (Oracle)
2022-05-08 20:32   ` [PATCH 1/4] jffs2: Pass the file pointer to jffs2_do_readpage_unlock() Matthew Wilcox (Oracle)
2022-05-08 20:32   ` [PATCH 2/4] nfs: Pass the file pointer to nfs_symlink_filler() Matthew Wilcox (Oracle)
2022-05-08 20:32   ` [PATCH 3/4] fs: Change the type of filler_t Matthew Wilcox (Oracle)
2022-05-08 20:32   ` [PATCH 4/4] mm/filemap: Hoist filler_t decision to the top of do_read_cache_folio() Matthew Wilcox (Oracle)
2022-05-08 20:32 ` [PATCH 0/5] Convert aops->freepage to aops->free_folio Matthew Wilcox (Oracle)
2022-05-08 20:32   ` Matthew Wilcox (Oracle) [this message]
2022-05-08 20:32   ` [PATCH 2/5] orangefs: Convert to free_folio Matthew Wilcox (Oracle)
2022-05-08 20:32   ` [PATCH 3/5] nfs: " Matthew Wilcox (Oracle)
2022-05-08 20:33   ` [PATCH 4/5] secretmem: " Matthew Wilcox (Oracle)
2022-05-08 20:33   ` [PATCH 5/5] fs: Remove aops->freepage Matthew Wilcox (Oracle)

Reply instructions:

You may reply publicly to this message via plain-text email
using any one of the following methods:

* Save the following mbox file, import it into your mail client,
  and reply-to-all from there: mbox

  Avoid top-posting and favor interleaved quoting:
  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Posting_style#Interleaved_style

* Reply using the --to, --cc, and --in-reply-to
  switches of git-send-email(1):

  git send-email \
    --in-reply-to=20220508203301.669147-2-willy@infradead.org \
    --to=willy@infradead.org \
    --cc=linux-fsdevel@vger.kernel.org \
    /path/to/YOUR_REPLY

  https://kernel.org/pub/software/scm/git/docs/git-send-email.html

* If your mail client supports setting the In-Reply-To header
  via mailto: links, try the mailto: link
Be sure your reply has a Subject: header at the top and a blank line before the message body.
This is an external index of several public inboxes,
see mirroring instructions on how to clone and mirror
all data and code used by this external index.