From mboxrd@z Thu Jan 1 00:00:00 1970 Return-Path: X-Spam-Checker-Version: SpamAssassin 3.4.0 (2014-02-07) on aws-us-west-2-korg-lkml-1.web.codeaurora.org Received: from vger.kernel.org (vger.kernel.org [23.128.96.18]) by smtp.lore.kernel.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id B20C8C433EF for ; Thu, 14 Jul 2022 05:00:11 +0000 (UTC) Received: (majordomo@vger.kernel.org) by vger.kernel.org via listexpand id S233353AbiGNFAJ (ORCPT ); Thu, 14 Jul 2022 01:00:09 -0400 Received: from lindbergh.monkeyblade.net ([23.128.96.19]:40614 "EHLO lindbergh.monkeyblade.net" rhost-flags-OK-OK-OK-OK) by vger.kernel.org with ESMTP id S237781AbiGNE7N (ORCPT ); Thu, 14 Jul 2022 00:59:13 -0400 Received: from mx0a-001b2d01.pphosted.com (mx0a-001b2d01.pphosted.com [148.163.156.1]) by lindbergh.monkeyblade.net (Postfix) with ESMTPS id 8240F319 for ; Wed, 13 Jul 2022 21:54:47 -0700 (PDT) Received: from pps.filterd (m0098399.ppops.net [127.0.0.1]) by mx0a-001b2d01.pphosted.com (8.17.1.5/8.17.1.5) with ESMTP id 26E4oX8Y003474; Thu, 14 Jul 2022 04:54:25 GMT DKIM-Signature: v=1; a=rsa-sha256; c=relaxed/relaxed; d=ibm.com; h=from : to : cc : subject : date : message-id : mime-version : content-transfer-encoding; s=pp1; bh=XrCQoAQK8uTWdfxaiQQrNH4gr0G4KJGzyW3NOHcisus=; b=dF1UZGf8mJJK+aLTeAXBEj3sGC2wWYXX2qwffUnLsmPH4kLGc7JMNbQne9cFLXQRkdU2 dFC0Z2vgbYCZxSYanH4yYfsEhaQPz1nZzVrEyCGy7IvmZ5She7MQhTd82f1FU4UCAiYi K0gpv9d6dplyL/dnHamDoLI1Hglgri3icDx88u0ZkWGwml0XhmaZumVWg2UD2cR9bnb0 A3AQd/QAilf7OGaZQ5QVkZxPX9EgC/IoGnGHpwWQTiNE9tFJswJrOgvJCXEvEAYu46fe 9qePENVkUlkkZeAFfx7P6+h2l3CMWSm4+gbYn6eZ6hpTW+A0tu60B1Ey9maLOYrbNx5Y Kw== Received: from pps.reinject (localhost [127.0.0.1]) by mx0a-001b2d01.pphosted.com (PPS) with ESMTPS id 3hacfng1af-1 (version=TLSv1.2 cipher=ECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384 bits=256 verify=NOT); Thu, 14 Jul 2022 04:54:25 +0000 Received: from m0098399.ppops.net (m0098399.ppops.net [127.0.0.1]) by pps.reinject (8.17.1.5/8.17.1.5) with ESMTP id 26E4qFrE007638; Thu, 14 Jul 2022 04:54:24 GMT Received: from ppma04wdc.us.ibm.com (1a.90.2fa9.ip4.static.sl-reverse.com [169.47.144.26]) by mx0a-001b2d01.pphosted.com (PPS) with ESMTPS id 3hacfng1a7-1 (version=TLSv1.2 cipher=ECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384 bits=256 verify=NOT); Thu, 14 Jul 2022 04:54:24 +0000 Received: from pps.filterd (ppma04wdc.us.ibm.com [127.0.0.1]) by ppma04wdc.us.ibm.com (8.16.1.2/8.16.1.2) with SMTP id 26E4pvML031038; Thu, 14 Jul 2022 04:54:22 GMT Received: from b03cxnp08026.gho.boulder.ibm.com (b03cxnp08026.gho.boulder.ibm.com [9.17.130.18]) by ppma04wdc.us.ibm.com with ESMTP id 3h71a9rf81-1 (version=TLSv1.2 cipher=ECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384 bits=256 verify=NOT); Thu, 14 Jul 2022 04:54:22 +0000 Received: from b03ledav004.gho.boulder.ibm.com (b03ledav004.gho.boulder.ibm.com [9.17.130.235]) by b03cxnp08026.gho.boulder.ibm.com (8.14.9/8.14.9/NCO v10.0) with ESMTP id 26E4sMF623462216 (version=TLSv1/SSLv3 cipher=DHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384 bits=256 verify=OK); Thu, 14 Jul 2022 04:54:22 GMT Received: from b03ledav004.gho.boulder.ibm.com (unknown [127.0.0.1]) by IMSVA (Postfix) with ESMTP id 02B377805E; Thu, 14 Jul 2022 04:54:22 +0000 (GMT) Received: from b03ledav004.gho.boulder.ibm.com (unknown [127.0.0.1]) by IMSVA (Postfix) with ESMTP id 488557805C; Thu, 14 Jul 2022 04:54:15 +0000 (GMT) Received: from skywalker.ibmuc.com (unknown [9.43.119.34]) by b03ledav004.gho.boulder.ibm.com (Postfix) with ESMTP; Thu, 14 Jul 2022 04:54:14 +0000 (GMT) From: "Aneesh Kumar K.V" To: linux-mm@kvack.org, akpm@linux-foundation.org Cc: Wei Xu , Huang Ying , Yang Shi , Davidlohr Bueso , Tim C Chen , Michal Hocko , Linux Kernel Mailing List , Hesham Almatary , Dave Hansen , Jonathan Cameron , Alistair Popple , Dan Williams , Johannes Weiner , jvgediya.oss@gmail.com, "Aneesh Kumar K.V" Subject: [PATCH v9 0/8] mm/demotion: Memory tiers and demotion Date: Thu, 14 Jul 2022 10:23:43 +0530 Message-Id: <20220714045351.434957-1-aneesh.kumar@linux.ibm.com> X-Mailer: git-send-email 2.36.1 MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit X-TM-AS-GCONF: 00 X-Proofpoint-ORIG-GUID: Kb2aL5HXbkst8SQJ6RuENKZV3AksaCMy X-Proofpoint-GUID: qJGSrjkex888ycC2_lnpgwOrshYoCIAa X-Proofpoint-Virus-Version: vendor=baseguard engine=ICAP:2.0.205,Aquarius:18.0.883,Hydra:6.0.517,FMLib:17.11.122.1 definitions=2022-07-14_02,2022-07-13_03,2022-06-22_01 X-Proofpoint-Spam-Details: rule=outbound_notspam policy=outbound score=0 priorityscore=1501 clxscore=1015 suspectscore=0 adultscore=0 lowpriorityscore=0 mlxscore=0 bulkscore=0 malwarescore=0 impostorscore=0 phishscore=0 mlxlogscore=999 spamscore=0 classifier=spam adjust=0 reason=mlx scancount=1 engine=8.12.0-2206140000 definitions=main-2207140019 Precedence: bulk List-ID: X-Mailing-List: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org The current kernel has the basic memory tiering support: Inactive pages on a higher tier NUMA node can be migrated (demoted) to a lower tier NUMA node to make room for new allocations on the higher tier NUMA node. Frequently accessed pages on a lower tier NUMA node can be migrated (promoted) to a higher tier NUMA node to improve the performance. In the current kernel, memory tiers are defined implicitly via a demotion path relationship between NUMA nodes, which is created during the kernel initialization and updated when a NUMA node is hot-added or hot-removed. The current implementation puts all nodes with CPU into the top tier, and builds the tier hierarchy tier-by-tier by establishing the per-node demotion targets based on the distances between nodes. This current memory tier kernel interface needs to be improved for several important use cases: * The current tier initialization code always initializes each memory-only NUMA node into a lower tier. But a memory-only NUMA node may have a high performance memory device (e.g. a DRAM device attached via CXL.mem or a DRAM-backed memory-only node on a virtual machine) and should be put into a higher tier. * The current tier hierarchy always puts CPU nodes into the top tier. But on a system with HBM (e.g. GPU memory) devices, these memory-only HBM NUMA nodes should be in the top tier, and DRAM nodes with CPUs are better to be placed into the next lower tier. * Also because the current tier hierarchy always puts CPU nodes into the top tier, when a CPU is hot-added (or hot-removed) and triggers a memory node from CPU-less into a CPU node (or vice versa), the memory tier hierarchy gets changed, even though no memory node is added or removed. This can make the tier hierarchy unstable and make it difficult to support tier-based memory accounting. * A higher tier node can only be demoted to selected nodes on the next lower tier as defined by the demotion path, not any other node from any lower tier. This strict, hard-coded demotion order does not work in all use cases (e.g. some use cases may want to allow cross-socket demotion to another node in the same demotion tier as a fallback when the preferred demotion node is out of space), and has resulted in the feature request for an interface to override the system-wide, per-node demotion order from the userspace. This demotion order is also inconsistent with the page allocation fallback order when all the nodes in a higher tier are out of space: The page allocation can fall back to any node from any lower tier, whereas the demotion order doesn't allow that. This patch series make the creation of memory tiers explicit under the control of device driver. Memory Tier Initialization ========================== By default, all memory nodes are assigned to the default tier with tier ID value 200. A device driver can move its memory nodes from the default tier. For example, PMEM can move its memory nodes below the default tier, whereas GPU can move its memory nodes above the default tier. The kernel initialization code makes the decision on which exact tier a memory node should be assigned to based on the requests from the device drivers as well as the memory device hardware information provided by the firmware. Hot-adding/removing CPUs doesn't affect memory tier hierarchy. Changes from v8: * Drop the sysfs interface patches and related documentation changes. Changes from v7: * Fix kernel crash with demotion. * Improve documentation. Changes from v6: * Drop the usage of rank. * Address other review feedback. Changes from v5: * Remove patch supporting N_MEMORY node removal from memory tiers. memory tiers are going to be used for features other than demotion. Hence keep all N_MEMORY nodes in memory tiers irrespective of whether they want to participate in promotion or demotion. * Add NODE_DATA->memtier * Rearrage patches to add sysfs files later. * Add support to create memory tiers from userspace. * Address other review feedback. Changes from v4: * Address review feedback. * Reverse the meaning of "rank": higher rank value means higher tier. * Add "/sys/devices/system/memtier/default_tier". * Add node_is_toptier v4: Add support for explicit memory tiers and ranks. v3: - Modify patch 1 subject to make it more specific - Remove /sys/kernel/mm/numa/demotion_targets interface, use /sys/devices/system/node/demotion_targets instead and make it writable to override node_states[N_DEMOTION_TARGETS]. - Add support to view per node demotion targets via sysfs v2: In v1, only 1st patch of this patch series was sent, which was implemented to avoid some of the limitations on the demotion target sharing, however for certain numa topology, the demotion targets found by that patch was not most optimal, so 1st patch in this series is modified according to suggestions from Huang and Baolin. Different examples of demotion list comparasion between existing implementation and changed implementation can be found in the commit message of 1st patch. Aneesh Kumar K.V (7): mm/demotion: Add support for explicit memory tiers mm/demotion: Move memory demotion related code mm/demotion/dax/kmem: Set node's memory tier to MEMORY_TIER_PMEM mm/demotion: Add hotplug callbacks to handle new numa node onlined mm/demotion: Build demotion targets based on explicit memory tiers mm/demotion: Add pg_data_t member to track node memory tier details mm/demotion: Update node_is_toptier to work with memory tiers Jagdish Gediya (1): mm/demotion: Demote pages according to allocation fallback order drivers/dax/kmem.c | 6 +- include/linux/memory-tiers.h | 59 ++++ include/linux/migrate.h | 15 - include/linux/mmzone.h | 3 + include/linux/node.h | 5 - mm/Makefile | 1 + mm/huge_memory.c | 1 + mm/memory-tiers.c | 653 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ mm/migrate.c | 453 +----------------------- mm/mprotect.c | 1 + mm/vmscan.c | 59 +++- mm/vmstat.c | 4 - 12 files changed, 768 insertions(+), 492 deletions(-) create mode 100644 include/linux/memory-tiers.h create mode 100644 mm/memory-tiers.c -- 2.36.1