[PATCH v17 00/10] introduce Arm FF-A support

[Abdellatif El Khlifi <abdellatif.elkhlifi@arm.com>]

Adding support for Arm FF-A v1.0 (Arm Firmware Framework for Armv8-A) [A].

FF-A specifies interfaces that enable a pair of software execution environments aka partitions to
communicate with each other. A partition could be a VM in the Normal or Secure world, an
application in S-EL0, or a Trusted OS in S-EL1.

FF-A is a discoverable bus and similar to architecture features.
FF-A bus is discovered using ARM_SMCCC_FEATURES mechanism performed
by the PSCI driver.

   => dm tree

    Class     Index  Probed  Driver                Name
   -----------------------------------------------------------
   ...
    firmware      0  [ + ]   psci                      |-- psci
    ffa                   0  [   ]   arm_ffa               |   `-- arm_ffa
   ...

Clients are able to probe then use the FF-A bus by calling the DM class
searching APIs (e.g: uclass_first_device).

This implementation of the specification provides support for Aarch64.

The FF-A driver uses the SMC ABIs defined by the FF-A specification to:

    - Discover the presence of secure partitions (SPs) of interest
    - Access an SP's service through communication protocols
      (e.g: EFI MM communication protocol)

The FF-A support provides the following features:

    - Being generic by design and can be used by any Arm 64-bit platform
    - FF-A support can be compiled and used without EFI
    - Support for SMCCCv1.2 x0-x17 registers
    - Support for SMC32 calling convention
    - Support for 32-bit and 64-bit FF-A direct messaging
    - Support for FF-A MM communication (compatible with EFI boot time)
    - Enabling FF-A and MM communication in Corstone1000 platform as a use case
    - A Uclass driver providing generic FF-A methods.
    - An Arm FF-A device driver providing Arm-specific methods and reusing the Uclass methods.
    - A sandbox emulator for Arm FF-A, emulates the FF-A side of the Secure World and provides
      FF-A ABIs inspection methods.
    - An FF-A sandbox device driver for FF-A communication with the emulated Secure World.
      The driver leverages the FF-A Uclass to establish FF-A communication.
    - Sandbox FF-A test cases.
    - A new command called armffa is provided as an example of how to access the
      FF-A bus

For more details about the FF-A support please refer to [B] and refer to [C] for
how to use the armffa command.

Please find at [D] an example of the expected boot logs when enabling
FF-A support for a platform. In this example the platform is
Corstone1000. But it can be any Arm 64-bit platform.

Changelog of changes:
===========================

v17:

Ilias:

* show a debug message rather than an error when FF-A is not detected

Tom:

* use savedefconfig to generate corstone1000_defconfig with FF-A MM comms enabled

v16: [16]

Tom:

* lib/efi_loader/Kconfig:
   rather than automatically selecting OPTEE and ARM_FFA_TRANSPORT configs by
   EFI_MM_COMM_TEE, set them as dependencies (Otherwise FF-A will be automatically
   enabled for boards that don't need it).

* configs/corstone1000_defconfig:
   enable MM communication by setting the configs: ARM_FFA_TRANSPORT, OPTEE, TEE

v15: [15]

Simon:

* drop commit "log: select physical address formatting in a generic way",
   this will be sent as a follow-up commit independently from this patchset
* armffa.c : integrate PHYS_ADDR_LN
* replace FFA_SHARED_MM_BUFFER_* defines with configs

v14: [14]

Simon:

    * add to log.h a generic physical address formatting

Ilias:

    * armffa command: in do_ffa_ping() reject the SP ID if it's 0
    * MM comms: drop truncating var_payload->size when using FF-A
    * MM comms: map the MM SP return codes to errnos
    * address nits

v13: [13]

Ilias:
    * remove FF-A and Optee ifdefs in efi_variable_tee.c
    * doc minor change: specify in the readme that the user
       should call ffa_rxtx_unmap() driver operation to unmap
       the RX/TX buffers on demand.

v12: [12]

* remove the global variable (dscvry_info), use uc_priv instead
* replace dscvry_info.invoke_ffa_fn() with a weak invoke_ffa_fn
   (user drivers can override it)
* improve FFA_PARTITION_INFO_GET implementation
   (clients no longer need to calloc a buffer)
* remove reparenting by making the sandbox emulator parent of the FF-A device in the DT
* improve argument checks for the armffa command
* address nits

v11: [11]

* move ffa_try_discovery() from the uclass to the Arm FF-A driver
* rename ffa_try_discovery() to arm_ffa_discover()
* add arm_ prefix to the Arm FF-A driver functions
* use U_BOOT_CMD_WITH_SUBCMDS for armffa command
* store the sandbox emulator pointer in the FF-A device uc_priv (struct ffa_priv)
* set the emulator as parent of the sandbox FF-A device
* rename select_ffa_mm_comms() to select_mm_comms()
* improve the logic of MM transport selection in mm_communicate()
* use ut_asserteq_mem() in uuid_str_to_le_bin test case
* address nits

v10: [10]

* provide the FF-A driver operations through the Uclass (arm-ffa-uclass.c)
* move the generic FF-A methods to the Uclass
* keep Arm specific methods in the Arm driver (arm-ffa.c renamed from core.c)
* split the FF-A sandbox support into an emulator (ffa-emul-uclass.c) and a driver (sandbox_ffa.c)
* use the FF-A driver Uclass operations by clients (armffa command, tests, MM comms)
* use uclass_first_device to search and probe the FF-A device (whether it is on Arm or on sandbox)
* address nits

v9: [9]

* integrate the FF-A bus discovery in the DM and use ARM_SMCCC_FEATURES for binding
* align FF-A sandbox driver with FF-A discovery through DM
* use DM class APIs to probe and interact with the FF-A bus (in FF-A MM comms,  armffa command, sandbox tests)
* add documentation for the armffa command: doc/usage/cmd/armffa.rst
* introduce testcase for uuid_str_to_le_bin

v8: [8]

* pass the FF-A bus device to the bus operations
* isolate the compilation choices between FF-A and OP-TEE
* drop OP-TEE configs from Corstone-1000 defconfig
* make ffa_get_partitions_info() second argument to be an SP count in both
  modes

v7: [7]

* add support for 32-bit direct messaging (now we have 32-bit and 64-bit support)
* set the MM door bell event to use 64-bit direct messaging
* issue a compile time error when one of these macros are not found :
  FFA_SHARED_MM_BUFFER_SIZE, FFA_SHARED_MM_BUFFER_OFFSET, FFA_SHARED_MM_BUFFER_ADDR
* make uuid_str_to_le_bin() implementation similar to uuid_str_to_bin()
  by using same APIs

v6: [6]

* remove clearing x0-x17 registers after SMC calls
* drop use of EFI runtime support for FF-A (We decided with Linaro to add this later)
* drop discovery from initcalls (discovery will be on demand by FF-A users)
* add FF-A runtime discovery at MM communication level
* update the documentation and move it to doc/arch/arm64.ffa.rst

v5: [5]

* move changelogs in each commit to the changes section

v4: [4]

* add FF-A support README (doc/README.ffa.drv)
* improving error handling by mapping the FF-A errors to standard errors
  and logs
* replacing panics with an error log
* align sandbox driver and tests with the new FF-A driver interfaces
 and new way of error handling
* use the new FF-A driver interfaces for MM communication
* discover MM partitions at runtime
* copy FF-A driver private data to EFI runtime section at
  ExitBootServices()
* moving the FF-A driver work to drivers/firmware/arm-ffa
* improving features discovery in FFA_FEATURES
* add remove/unbind functions to the FF-A core device
* improve how the driver behaves when bus discovery is done more than
  once
* move clearing x0-x17 registers code into a new macro like done in
   the linux kernel
* enable EFI MM communication for the Corstone1000 platform

v3: [3]

* port x0-x17 registers support from linux kernel as defined by
   SMCCCv1.2
* align the interfaces of the u-boot FF-A driver with those in the linux
   FF-A driver
* remove the FF-A helper layer
* make the u-boot FF-A driver independent from EFI
* provide an optional config that enables copying the driver data to
   EFI runtime section at ExitBootServices service
* use 64-bit version of FFA_RXTX_MAP, FFA_MSG_SEND_DIRECT_{REQ, RESP}
* update armffa command with the new driver interfaces

v2  [2]:

* make FF-A bus discoverable using device_{bind, probe} APIs
* remove device tree support

v1  [1]:

* introduce FF-A bus driver with device tree support
* introduce armffa command
* introduce FF-A Sandbox driver
* add FF-A Sandbox test cases
* introduce FF-A MM communication

Cheers,
Abdellatif

List of previous patches:

[1]: https://lore.kernel.org/all/20220329151659.16894-1-abdellatif.elkhlifi@arm.com/
[2]: https://lore.kernel.org/all/20220415122803.16666-1-abdellatif.elkhlifi@arm.com/
[3]: https://lore.kernel.org/all/20220801172053.20163-1-abdellatif.elkhlifi@arm.com/
[4]: https://lore.kernel.org/all/20220926101723.9965-1-abdellatif.elkhlifi@arm.com/
[5]: https://lore.kernel.org/all/20220926140827.15125-1-abdellatif.elkhlifi@arm.com/
[6]: https://lore.kernel.org/all/20221013103857.614-1-abdellatif.elkhlifi@arm.com/
[7]: https://lore.kernel.org/all/20221107192055.21669-1-abdellatif.elkhlifi@arm.com/
[8]: https://lore.kernel.org/all/20221122131751.22747-1-abdellatif.elkhlifi@arm.com/
[9]: https://lore.kernel.org/all/20230310141016.137986-1-abdellatif.elkhlifi@arm.com/
[10]: https://lore.kernel.org/all/20230328161157.219375-1-abdellatif.elkhlifi@arm.com/
[11]: https://lore.kernel.org/all/20230412094245.44674-1-abdellatif.elkhlifi@arm.com/
[12]: https://lore.kernel.org/all/20230512121044.111574-1-abdellatif.elkhlifi@arm.com/
[13]: https://lore.kernel.org/all/20230616152817.319869-1-abdellatif.elkhlifi@arm.com/
[14]: https://lore.kernel.org/all/20230707144410.228472-1-abdellatif.elkhlifi@arm.com/
[15]: https://lore.kernel.org/all/20230713132847.176000-1-abdellatif.elkhlifi@arm.com/
[16]: https://lore.kernel.org/all/20230726094503.100497-1-abdellatif.elkhlifi@arm.com/

More details:

[A]: https://developer.arm.com/documentation/den0077/latest/
[B]: doc/arch/arm64.ffa.rst
[C]: doc/usage/cmd/armffa.rst
[D]: example of boot logs when enabling FF-A

```
   U-Boot 2023.01 (May 10 2023 - 11:08:07 +0000) corstone1000 aarch64

   DRAM:  2 GiB
   Arm FF-A framework discovery
   FF-A driver 1.0
   FF-A framework 1.0
   FF-A versions are compatible
   ...
   FF-A driver 1.0
   FF-A framework 1.0
   FF-A versions are compatible
   EFI: MM partition ID 0x8003
   ...
   EFI stub: Booting Linux Kernel...
   ...
   Linux version 6.1.9-yocto-standard (oe-user@oe-host) (aarch64-poky-linux-musl-gcc (GCC) 12.2.0, GNU ld (GNU Binutils) 2.40.202301193
   Machine model: ARM Corstone1000 FPGA MPS3 board
```

Cc: Tom Rini <trini@konsulko.com>
Cc: Simon Glass <sjg@chromium.org>
Cc: Rob Herring <robh@kernel.org>
Cc: Ilias Apalodimas <ilias.apalodimas@linaro.org>
Cc: Jens Wiklander <jens.wiklander@linaro.org>
Cc: Achin Gupta <achin.gupta@arm.com>
Cc: Drew Reed <Drew.Reed@arm.com>
Cc: Xueliang Zhong <Xueliang.Zhong@arm.com>

Abdellatif El Khlifi (10):
  arm64: smccc: add support for SMCCCv1.2 x0-x17 registers
  lib: uuid: introduce uuid_str_to_le_bin function
  lib: uuid: introduce testcase for uuid_str_to_le_bin
  arm_ffa: introduce Arm FF-A support
  arm_ffa: introduce armffa command
  arm_ffa: introduce sandbox FF-A support
  arm_ffa: introduce sandbox test cases for UCLASS_FFA
  arm_ffa: introduce armffa command Sandbox test
  arm_ffa: efi: introduce FF-A MM communication
  arm_ffa: efi: corstone1000: enable MM communication

 MAINTAINERS                                   |   18 +
 arch/arm/cpu/armv8/smccc-call.S               |   57 +-
 arch/arm/lib/asm-offsets.c                    |   16 +
 arch/sandbox/dts/sandbox.dtsi                 |    9 +
 arch/sandbox/dts/test.dts                     |    8 +
 arch/sandbox/include/asm/sandbox_arm_ffa.h    |   72 ++
 .../include/asm/sandbox_arm_ffa_priv.h        |  121 ++
 cmd/Kconfig                                   |   10 +
 cmd/Makefile                                  |    1 +
 cmd/armffa.c                                  |  202 ++++
 configs/corstone1000_defconfig                |   12 +-
 configs/sandbox64_defconfig                   |    1 +
 configs/sandbox_defconfig                     |    1 +
 doc/arch/arm64.ffa.rst                        |  261 ++++
 doc/arch/index.rst                            |    1 +
 doc/arch/sandbox/sandbox.rst                  |    1 +
 doc/usage/cmd/armffa.rst                      |   94 ++
 doc/usage/index.rst                           |    1 +
 drivers/Makefile                              |    1 +
 drivers/firmware/Kconfig                      |    1 +
 drivers/firmware/arm-ffa/Kconfig              |   42 +
 drivers/firmware/arm-ffa/Makefile             |   16 +
 drivers/firmware/arm-ffa/arm-ffa-uclass.c     | 1065 +++++++++++++++++
 drivers/firmware/arm-ffa/arm-ffa.c            |  104 ++
 drivers/firmware/arm-ffa/ffa-emul-uclass.c    |  720 +++++++++++
 drivers/firmware/arm-ffa/sandbox_ffa.c        |  110 ++
 include/arm_ffa.h                             |  213 ++++
 include/arm_ffa_priv.h                        |  246 ++++
 include/dm/uclass-id.h                        |    7 +
 include/linux/arm-smccc.h                     |   45 +
 include/mm_communication.h                    |   13 +
 include/uuid.h                                |   15 +
 lib/efi_loader/Kconfig                        |   44 +-
 lib/efi_loader/efi_variable_tee.c             |  257 +++-
 lib/uuid.c                                    |   48 +
 test/cmd/Makefile                             |    2 +
 test/cmd/armffa.c                             |   33 +
 test/dm/Makefile                              |    3 +-
 test/dm/ffa.c                                 |  261 ++++
 test/lib/Makefile                             |    1 +
 test/lib/uuid.c                               |   41 +
 41 files changed, 4160 insertions(+), 14 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 arch/sandbox/include/asm/sandbox_arm_ffa.h
 create mode 100644 arch/sandbox/include/asm/sandbox_arm_ffa_priv.h
 create mode 100644 cmd/armffa.c
 create mode 100644 doc/arch/arm64.ffa.rst
 create mode 100644 doc/usage/cmd/armffa.rst
 create mode 100644 drivers/firmware/arm-ffa/Kconfig
 create mode 100644 drivers/firmware/arm-ffa/Makefile
 create mode 100644 drivers/firmware/arm-ffa/arm-ffa-uclass.c
 create mode 100644 drivers/firmware/arm-ffa/arm-ffa.c
 create mode 100644 drivers/firmware/arm-ffa/ffa-emul-uclass.c
 create mode 100644 drivers/firmware/arm-ffa/sandbox_ffa.c
 create mode 100644 include/arm_ffa.h
 create mode 100644 include/arm_ffa_priv.h
 create mode 100644 test/cmd/armffa.c
 create mode 100644 test/dm/ffa.c
 create mode 100644 test/lib/uuid.c

-- 
2.25.1