Re: INFO: REPRODUCED: memory leak in gpio device in 6.2-rc6

[Mirsad Goran Todorovac <mirsad.todorovac@alu.unizg.hr>]

On 12. 02. 2023. 15:19, Andy Shevchenko wrote:
> On Wed, Feb 08, 2023 at 08:55:24PM +0100, Mirsad Goran Todorovac wrote:
>> On 31. 01. 2023. 10:36, Mirsad Goran Todorovac wrote:
>>> I came across this memory leak apparently in the GPIO device driver.
>>> It is still present in 6.2-rc6 release candidate kernel (just ran kselftest).
>>>
>>> This is a vanilla Torvalds tree kernel with MGLRU and KMEMLEAK (obviously)
>>> enabled.
>>>
>>> If you think this bug is significant, I can attempt the bug bisect in the
>>> environment that triggered it (Lenovo LENOVO_MT_10TX_BU_Lenovo_FM_V530S-07ICB)
>>> with BIOS M22KT49A from 11/10/2022 and AlmaLinux 8.7.
>>>
>>> Here is the /sys/kernel/debug/kmemleak output:
>>>
>>> unreferenced object 0xffff9e67ad71f160 (size 32):
>>>   comm "gpio-sim.sh", pid 208926, jiffies 4372229685 (age 2101.564s)
>>>   hex dump (first 32 bytes):
>>>     67 70 69 6f 2d 73 69 6d 2e 30 2d 6e 6f 64 65 30  gpio-sim.0-node0
>>>     00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  ................
>>>   backtrace:
>>>     [<0000000098bf3d1b>] slab_post_alloc_hook+0x91/0x320
>>>     [<00000000da3205c5>] __kmem_cache_alloc_node+0x1bf/0x2b0
>>>     [<00000000aa51a58a>] __kmalloc_node_track_caller+0x55/0x140
>>>     [<00000000bd682ecc>] kvasprintf+0x6b/0xd0
>>>     [<00000000a3431d55>] kasprintf+0x4e/0x70
>>>     [<00000000f52d2629>] gpio_sim_device_config_live_store+0x401/0x59d [gpio_sim]
>>>     [<00000000673fc6df>] configfs_write_iter+0xcc/0x130
>>>     [<000000001d5d0829>] vfs_write+0x2b4/0x3d0
>>>     [<00000000d2336251>] ksys_write+0x61/0xe0
>>>     [<00000000f7015bb1>] __x64_sys_write+0x1a/0x20
>>>     [<000000008ac743d2>] do_syscall_64+0x58/0x80
>>>     [<000000004d7b7d50>] entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x63/0xcd
>>> [root@pc-mtodorov marvin]#
>>
>> The new development on the bug is that it probably requires some superuser privileges
>> or some capability to be exploited, for it requires access to configfs,
>> but it was reproduced on different hardware as well.
>>
>> The minimum reproducing script is attached, with its output log.
>>
>> From the testing "age" of the unreferenced object I assume that it is allocated earlier
>> in a part of script I am unable to locate or specify, but orphaned at the end of the script.
>>
>> root@/home/user/kernel_bugs/gpio-sim# time ./gpio-reproduce-min.sh
>> 2.14. Lines can be hogged
>> Scanning stage 2.14.7 ... done.
>> Sleeping 60 seconds ... done.
>> Stage 2.14.7 clean.
>> Rescanning stage 2.14.7 ... done.
>> Sleeping 60 seconds ... done.
>> unreferenced object 0xffff9593b9d16bc0 (size 32):
>>   comm "gpio-reproduce-", pid 7594, jiffies 4295865460 (age 136.184s)
>>   hex dump (first 32 bytes):
>>     67 70 69 6f 2d 73 69 6d 2e 30 2d 6e 6f 64 65 30  gpio-sim.0-node0
>>     00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  ................
>>   backtrace:
>>     [<00000000fe76444b>] __kmem_cache_alloc_node+0x380/0x4e0
>>     [<0000000099f63f55>] __kmalloc_node_track_caller+0x55/0x140
>>     [<00000000c4efe87f>] kvasprintf+0x6b/0xd0
>>     [<000000000c0f91cd>] kasprintf+0x4e/0x70
>>     [<000000003434d9b5>] gpio_sim_device_config_live_store+0x401/0x59d [gpio_sim]
>>     [<0000000052ce6759>] configfs_write_iter+0xcc/0x130
>>     [<0000000006087fd2>] vfs_write+0x2b4/0x3d0
>>     [<000000008a17e041>] ksys_write+0x61/0xe0
>>     [<000000007bded8ea>] __x64_sys_write+0x1a/0x20
>>     [<00000000e1220148>] do_syscall_64+0x58/0x80
>>     [<0000000006093069>] entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x63/0xcd
>>
>> real	2m16.398s
>> user	0m0.023s
>> sys	0m16.360s
>> root@/home/user/kernel_bugs/gpio-sim# 
>>
>> The effect is cummulative:
>>
>> root@marvin-IdeaPad-3-15ITL6:/home/user/kernel_bugs/gpio-sim# cat /sys/kernel/debug/kmemleak 
>> unreferenced object 0xffff9593b9d16bc0 (size 32):
>>   comm "gpio-reproduce-", pid 7594, jiffies 4295865460 (age 520.296s)
>>   hex dump (first 32 bytes):
>>     67 70 69 6f 2d 73 69 6d 2e 30 2d 6e 6f 64 65 30  gpio-sim.0-node0
>>     00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  ................
>>   backtrace:
>>     [<00000000fe76444b>] __kmem_cache_alloc_node+0x380/0x4e0
>>     [<0000000099f63f55>] __kmalloc_node_track_caller+0x55/0x140
>>     [<00000000c4efe87f>] kvasprintf+0x6b/0xd0
>>     [<000000000c0f91cd>] kasprintf+0x4e/0x70
>>     [<000000003434d9b5>] gpio_sim_device_config_live_store+0x401/0x59d [gpio_sim]
>>     [<0000000052ce6759>] configfs_write_iter+0xcc/0x130
>>     [<0000000006087fd2>] vfs_write+0x2b4/0x3d0
>>     [<000000008a17e041>] ksys_write+0x61/0xe0
>>     [<000000007bded8ea>] __x64_sys_write+0x1a/0x20
>>     [<00000000e1220148>] do_syscall_64+0x58/0x80
>>     [<0000000006093069>] entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x63/0xcd
>> unreferenced object 0xffff95938918fb40 (size 32):
>>   comm "gpio-reproduce-", pid 7675, jiffies 4295954327 (age 164.832s)
>>   hex dump (first 32 bytes):
>>     67 70 69 6f 2d 73 69 6d 2e 30 2d 6e 6f 64 65 30  gpio-sim.0-node0
>>     00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  ................
>>   backtrace:
>>     [<00000000fe76444b>] __kmem_cache_alloc_node+0x380/0x4e0
>>     [<0000000099f63f55>] __kmalloc_node_track_caller+0x55/0x140
>>     [<00000000c4efe87f>] kvasprintf+0x6b/0xd0
>>     [<000000000c0f91cd>] kasprintf+0x4e/0x70
>>     [<000000003434d9b5>] gpio_sim_device_config_live_store+0x401/0x59d [gpio_sim]
>>     [<0000000052ce6759>] configfs_write_iter+0xcc/0x130
>>     [<0000000006087fd2>] vfs_write+0x2b4/0x3d0
>>     [<000000008a17e041>] ksys_write+0x61/0xe0
>>     [<000000007bded8ea>] __x64_sys_write+0x1a/0x20
>>     [<00000000e1220148>] do_syscall_64+0x58/0x80
>>     [<0000000006093069>] entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x63/0xcd
>> unreferenced object 0xffff9594a3cf1820 (size 32):
>>   comm "gpio-reproduce-", pid 7721, jiffies 4295976853 (age 74.728s)
>>   hex dump (first 32 bytes):
>>     67 70 69 6f 2d 73 69 6d 2e 30 2d 6e 6f 64 65 30  gpio-sim.0-node0
>>     00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  ................
>>   backtrace:
>>     [<00000000fe76444b>] __kmem_cache_alloc_node+0x380/0x4e0
>>     [<0000000099f63f55>] __kmalloc_node_track_caller+0x55/0x140
>>     [<00000000c4efe87f>] kvasprintf+0x6b/0xd0
>>     [<000000000c0f91cd>] kasprintf+0x4e/0x70
>>     [<000000003434d9b5>] gpio_sim_device_config_live_store+0x401/0x59d [gpio_sim]
>>     [<0000000052ce6759>] configfs_write_iter+0xcc/0x130
>>     [<0000000006087fd2>] vfs_write+0x2b4/0x3d0
>>     [<000000008a17e041>] ksys_write+0x61/0xe0
>>     [<000000007bded8ea>] __x64_sys_write+0x1a/0x20
>>     [<00000000e1220148>] do_syscall_64+0x58/0x80
>>     [<0000000006093069>] entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x63/0xcd
>> root@marvin-IdeaPad-3-15ITL6:/home/user/kernel_bugs/gpio-sim# 
>>
>> With sufficient privileges (or possibly even without them), an exploit can be devised
>> to automate allocation of orphaned objects, at a rate of a couple per second (PoC attached).
> 
> Looking into the code I found one inconsistency. It might be that that brings
> an issue, dunno. Can you try the patch below if it helps (but TBH I'm a bit
> sceptical)?
> 
>>From 499cfb52aa7de67a8bbb56ce183d9528b2376db0 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
> From: Andy Shevchenko <andriy.shevchenko@linux.intel.com>
> Date: Sun, 12 Feb 2023 16:15:00 +0200
> Subject: [PATCH 1/1] gpio: sim: Deactivate device in reversed order
> 
> Run the steps to deactivate device in the reserved order to what
> it has been done in gpio_sim_device_activate_unlocked().
> 
> Signed-off-by: Andy Shevchenko <andriy.shevchenko@linux.intel.com>
> ---
>  drivers/gpio/gpio-sim.c | 2 +-
>  1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)
> 
> diff --git a/drivers/gpio/gpio-sim.c b/drivers/gpio/gpio-sim.c
> index a51b5ea38ad5..b0111d18808c 100644
> --- a/drivers/gpio/gpio-sim.c
> +++ b/drivers/gpio/gpio-sim.c
> @@ -953,9 +953,9 @@ static void gpio_sim_device_deactivate_unlocked(struct gpio_sim_device *dev)
>  
>  	swnode = dev_fwnode(&dev->pdev->dev);
>  	platform_device_unregister(dev->pdev);
> +	gpio_sim_remove_hogs(dev);
>  	gpio_sim_remove_swnode_recursive(swnode);
>  	dev->pdev = NULL;
> -	gpio_sim_remove_hogs(dev);
>  }
>  
>  static ssize_t

Hi, Andy,

Sorry, but unfortunately this patch didn't fix the memleak. Please see the result:

root@marvin-IdeaPad-3-15ITL6:/home/marvin/linux/kernel/linux_torvalds/tools/testing/selftests/gpio# echo clear > /sys/kernel/debug/kmemleak
root@marvin-IdeaPad-3-15ITL6:/home/marvin/linux/kernel/linux_torvalds/tools/testing/selftests/gpio# time ./gpio-sim.sh
trap: SIGTERM: bad trap
1. chip_name and dev_name attributes
1.1. Chip name is communicated to user
1.2. chip_name returns 'none' if the chip is still pending
1.3. Device name is communicated to user
2. Creating and configuring simulated chips
2.1. Default number of lines is 1
2.2. Number of lines can be specified
2.3. Label can be set
2.4. Label can be left empty
2.5. Line names can be configured
2.6. Line config can remain unused if offset is greater than number of lines
2.7. Line configfs directory names are sanitized
2.8. Multiple chips can be created
2.9. Can't modify settings when chip is live
2.10. Can't create line items when chip is live
2.11. Probe errors are propagated to user-space
2.12. Cannot enable a chip without any GPIO banks
2.13. Duplicate chip labels are not allowed
2.14. Lines can be hogged
3. Controlling simulated chips
3.1. Pull can be set over sysfs
3.2. Pull can be read from sysfs
3.3. Incorrect input in sysfs is rejected
3.4. Can't write to value
4. Simulated GPIO chips are functional
4.1. Values can be read from sysfs
4.2. Bias settings work correctly
GPIO gpio-sim test PASS

real	0m1.120s
user	0m0.283s
sys	0m0.842s
root@marvin-IdeaPad-3-15ITL6:/home/marvin/linux/kernel/linux_torvalds/tools/testing/selftests/gpio# echo scan > /sys/kernel/debug/kmemleak
root@marvin-IdeaPad-3-15ITL6:/home/marvin/linux/kernel/linux_torvalds/tools/testing/selftests/gpio# cat /sys/kernel/debug/kmemleak 
unreferenced object 0xffff91f019219660 (size 32):
  comm "gpio-sim.sh", pid 11223, jiffies 4295028142 (age 87.304s)
  hex dump (first 32 bytes):
    67 70 69 6f 2d 73 69 6d 2e 30 2d 6e 6f 64 65 30  gpio-sim.0-node0
    00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  ................
  backtrace:
    [<ffffffff86fcd408>] __kmem_cache_alloc_node+0x1d8/0x330
    [<ffffffff86f4c271>] __kmalloc_node_track_caller+0x51/0xd0
    [<ffffffff872fb359>] kvasprintf+0x69/0xd0
    [<ffffffff872fb4ce>] kasprintf+0x4e/0x70
    [<ffffffffc1864553>] gpio_sim_device_config_live_store+0x483/0x6b5 [gpio_sim]
    [<ffffffff870dde9c>] configfs_write_iter+0xcc/0x130
    [<ffffffff87016869>] vfs_write+0x1f9/0x3b0
    [<ffffffff87016dab>] ksys_write+0x6b/0xf0
    [<ffffffff87016e59>] __x64_sys_write+0x19/0x20
    [<ffffffff87b91188>] do_syscall_64+0x58/0x80
    [<ffffffff87c000aa>] entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x72/0xdc
root@marvin-IdeaPad-3-15ITL6:/home/marvin/linux/kernel/linux_torvalds/tools/testing/selftests/gpio# uname -rms
Linux 6.2.0-rc8-lru-km-andy-00015-gf6feea56f66d-dirty x86_64
root@marvin-IdeaPad-3-15ITL6:/home/marvin/linux/kernel/linux_torvalds/tools/testing/selftests/gpio# 

I can verify that I build the right patch:

marvin@marvin-IdeaPad-3-15ITL6:~/linux/kernel/linux_torvalds$ git diff
diff --git a/drivers/gpio/gpio-sim.c b/drivers/gpio/gpio-sim.c
index 60514bc5454f..7f79e49b23d7 100644
--- a/drivers/gpio/gpio-sim.c
+++ b/drivers/gpio/gpio-sim.c
@@ -954,9 +954,9 @@ static void gpio_sim_device_deactivate_unlocked(struct gpio_sim_device *dev)
 
        swnode = dev_fwnode(&dev->pdev->dev);
        platform_device_unregister(dev->pdev);
+       gpio_sim_remove_hogs(dev);
        gpio_sim_remove_swnode_recursive(swnode);
        dev->pdev = NULL;
-       gpio_sim_remove_hogs(dev);
 }
 
 static ssize_t
marvin@marvin-IdeaPad-3-15ITL6:~/linux/kernel/linux_torvalds$ 

Alternatively, I could try to bisect if you think it's prudent to try that.
But first I need a stroll after this kernel build :-)

Do you think that knowing when the bug was introduced might help find the culprit?

Regards,
Mirsad

--
Mirsad Goran Todorovac
Sistem inženjer
Grafički fakultet | Akademija likovnih umjetnosti
Sveučilište u Zagrebu
 
System engineer
Faculty of Graphic Arts | Academy of Fine Arts
University of Zagreb, Republic of Croatia
The European Union