On 2018年02月13日 09:13, Qu Wenruo wrote:
> There are reports in mail list, even with latest mainline kernel, btrfs
> can't survive a power loss.
> 
> Unlike journal based filesystem, btrfs doesn't use journal for such
> work. (log tree is an optimization for fsync, not to keep fs healthy)
> In btrfs we use metadata CoW to ensure all tree blocks are as atomic as
> superblock.
> 
> This leads to an obvious assumption, some code breaks such metadata CoW
> makes btrfs no longer bullet-proof against power loss.
> 
> This patch adds extra runtime selftest to find_free_extent(), which
> will check the range in commit root of extent tree to ensure there is no
> overlap at all.
> 
> And hopes this could help us to catch the cause of the problem.
> 
> Signed-off-by: Qu Wenruo <wqu@suse.com>
> ---
> Unfortunately, no new problem exposed yet.

Interestingly, I hit a bug during looping xfstest, where
btrfs_free_path() in check_extent_conflicts() caused rcu error.

This seems quite interesting and may be the clue to the problem.

BTW, for anyone interesting with this problem, the backtrace is:

ODEBUG: activate active (active state 1) object type: rcu_head hint:
      (null)
WARNING: CPU: 2 PID: 15435 at lib/debugobjects.c:291
debug_print_object+0xc1/0xe0
Modules linked in: dm_flakey ext4 mbcache jbd2 btrfs(O) xor
zstd_decompress zstd_compress xxhash raid6_pq efivarfs xfs dm_mod
virtio_scsi
CPU: 2 PID: 15435 Comm: kworker/u16:12 Tainted: G           O
4.15.0+ #32
Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (Q35 + ICH9, 2009), BIOS 0.0.0 02/06/2015
Workqueue: writeback wb_workfn (flush-btrfs-367)
RIP: 0010:debug_print_object+0xc1/0xe0
RSP: 0018:ffff88001819d1c0 EFLAGS: 00010086
RAX: dffffc0000000008 RBX: 0000000000000003 RCX: 0000000000000006
RDX: 0000000000000007 RSI: 1ffff10003033a01 RDI: ffff88006abde6d0
RBP: 0000000000000001 R08: 0000000000000000 R09: 0000000000000001
R10: ffff88001819d0b0 R11: 0000000000000000 R12: ffffffff82472120
R13: ffffffff8255cae0 R14: 0000000000000000 R15: ffff880054737268
FS:  0000000000000000(0000) GS:ffff88006aa00000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000
CS:  0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033
CR2: 00007f5e42c8d6c0 CR3: 00000000608aa000 CR4: 00000000003406e0
Call Trace:
 debug_object_activate+0x309/0x360
 __call_rcu.constprop.72+0x135/0xc50
 release_extent_buffer+0xf0/0x280 [btrfs]
 free_extent_buffer+0x16d/0x210 [btrfs]
 btrfs_release_path+0x2d/0xe0 [btrfs]
 btrfs_free_path.part.28+0xe/0x30 [btrfs]
 find_free_extent+0x1082/0x2440 [btrfs]
 btrfs_reserve_extent+0xda/0x1f0 [btrfs]
 cow_file_range.isra.67+0x223/0x5d0 [btrfs]
 run_delalloc_range+0x1cc/0x610 [btrfs]
 writepage_delalloc+0x1bb/0x2c0 [btrfs]
 __extent_writepage+0x422/0x630 [btrfs]
 extent_write_cache_pages.constprop.56+0x2f7/0x7b0 [btrfs]
 extent_writepages+0xce/0x110 [btrfs]
 do_writepages+0x8e/0xb0
 __writeback_single_inode+0x155/0xbf0
 writeback_sb_inodes+0x462/0x8e0
 wb_writeback+0x313/0x970
 wb_workfn+0x217/0xc80
 process_one_work+0x740/0xe40
 worker_thread+0x1c6/0xce0
 kthread+0x1ba/0x1e0
 ret_from_fork+0x24/0x30

Thanks,
Qu

> ---
>  fs/btrfs/extent-tree.c | 118 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
>  1 file changed, 118 insertions(+)
> 
> diff --git a/fs/btrfs/extent-tree.c b/fs/btrfs/extent-tree.c
> index 2f4328511ac8..3b3cd82bce3a 100644
> --- a/fs/btrfs/extent-tree.c
> +++ b/fs/btrfs/extent-tree.c
> @@ -7458,6 +7458,114 @@ btrfs_release_block_group(struct btrfs_block_group_cache *cache,
>  	btrfs_put_block_group(cache);
>  }
>  
> +#ifdef CONFIG_BTRFS_FS_RUN_SANITY_TESTS
> +/*
> + * Verify if the given extent range [@start, @start + @len) conflicts any
> + * existing extent in commit root.
> + *
> + * Btrfs doesn't use journal, but depends on metadata (and data) CoW to keep
> + * the whole filesystem consistent against powerloss.
> + * If we have overwritten any extent used by previous trans (commit root),
> + * and powerloss happen we will corrupt our filesystem.
> + *
> + * Return 0 if nothing wrong.
> + * Return <0 (including ENOMEM) means we have something wrong.
> + * Except NOEMEM, this normally means we have extent conflicts with previous
> + * transaction.
> + */
> +static int check_extent_conflicts(struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info,
> +				  u64 start, u64 len)
> +{
> +	struct btrfs_key key;
> +	struct btrfs_path *path;
> +	struct btrfs_root *extent_root = fs_info->extent_root;
> +	u64 extent_start;
> +	u64 extent_len;
> +	int ret;
> +
> +	path = btrfs_alloc_path();
> +	if (!path)
> +		return -ENOMEM;
> +
> +
> +	key.objectid = start + len;
> +	key.type = 0;
> +	key.offset = 0;
> +
> +	/*
> +	 * Here we use extent commit root to search for any conflicts.
> +	 * If extent commit tree is already overwritten, we will get transid
> +	 * error and error out any way.
> +	 * If extent commit tree is OK, but other extent conflicts, we will
> +	 * find it.
> +	 * So anyway, such search should be OK to find the conflicts.
> +	 */
> +	path->search_commit_root = true;
> +	ret = btrfs_search_slot(NULL, extent_root, &key, path, 0, 0);
> +
> +	if (ret < 0)
> +		goto out;
> +	/* Impossible as no type/offset should be (u64)-1 */
> +	if (ret == 0) {
> +		ret = -EUCLEAN;
> +		goto out;
> +	}
> +	ret = btrfs_previous_extent_item(extent_root, path, start);
> +	if (ret < 0)
> +		goto out;
> +	if (ret == 0) {
> +		btrfs_item_key_to_cpu(path->nodes[0], &key, path->slots[0]);
> +		extent_start = key.objectid;
> +		if (key.type == BTRFS_EXTENT_ITEM_KEY)
> +			extent_len = key.offset;
> +		else
> +			extent_len = fs_info->nodesize;
> +		goto report;
> +	}
> +	/*
> +	 * Even we didn't found extent starts after @start, we still need to
> +	 * ensure previous extent doesn't overlap with [@start, @start + @len)
> +	 */
> +	while (1) {
> +		extent_len = 0;
> +		btrfs_item_key_to_cpu(path->nodes[0], &key, path->slots[0]);
> +		if (key.type == BTRFS_EXTENT_ITEM_KEY)
> +			extent_len = key.offset;
> +		else if (key.type == BTRFS_METADATA_ITEM_KEY)
> +			extent_len = fs_info->nodesize;
> +
> +		if (extent_len) {
> +			if (extent_len + key.objectid <= start) {
> +				ret = 0;
> +				goto out;
> +			}
> +			extent_start = key.objectid;
> +			goto report;
> +		}
> +		if (path->slots[0] == 0) {
> +			ret = btrfs_prev_leaf(extent_root, path);
> +			if (ret > 0) {
> +				ret = 0;
> +				goto out;
> +			}
> +			if (ret < 0)
> +				goto out;
> +		} else {
> +			path->slots[0]--;
> +		}
> +	}
> +out:
> +	btrfs_free_path(path);
> +	return ret;
> +report:
> +	WARN(1,
> +"broken CoW detected: old extent [%llu, %llu) new extent [%llu, %llu)\n",
> +	     extent_start, extent_start + extent_len, start, start + len);
> +	btrfs_free_path(path);
> +	return -EEXIST;
> +}
> +#endif
> +
>  /*
>   * walks the btree of allocated extents and find a hole of a given size.
>   * The key ins is changed to record the hole:
> @@ -7949,6 +8057,16 @@ static noinline int find_free_extent(struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info,
>  		spin_unlock(&space_info->lock);
>  		ins->offset = max_extent_size;
>  	}
> +#ifdef CONFIG_BTRFS_FS_RUN_SANITY_TESTS
> +	if (!ret) {
> +		/*
> +		 * Any extent allocated must not conflict with any extent in
> +		 * commit root
> +		 */
> +		ret = check_extent_conflicts(fs_info, ins->objectid,
> +					     ins->offset);
> +	}
> +#endif
>  	return ret;
>  }
>  
>