[PATCH v6 0/7] iommu/amd: Enable page-selective flushes

[PATCH v6 0/7] iommu/amd: Enable page-selective flushes

[Nadav Amit]

From: Nadav Amit <namit@vmware.com>

The previous patch, commit 268aa4548277 ("iommu/amd: Page-specific
invalidations for more than one page") was supposed to enable
page-selective IOTLB flushes on AMD.

Besides the bug that was already fixed by commit a017c567915f
("iommu/amd: Fix wrong parentheses on page-specific invalidations")
there are several remaining matters to enable and benefit from
page-selective IOTLB flushes on AMD:

1. Enable selective flushes on unmap (patch 1)
2. Avoid using flush-queue on vIOMMUs (patch 2)
3. Relaxed flushes when gathering, excluding vIOMMUs (patches 3-5)
4. Syncing once on scatter-gather map operations (patch 6)
5. Breaking flushes to naturally aligned ranges on vIOMMU (patch 7)

The main difference in this version is that the logic that flushes
vIOMMU was improved based on Robin's feedback. Batching decisions are
not based on alignment anymore, but instead the flushing range is broken
into naturally aligned regions on sync. Doing so allows us to flush only
the entries that we modified with the minimal number of flushes.

Robin, others: your feedback would be highly appreciated to get these
patches merge.

Cc: Joerg Roedel <joro@8bytes.org>
Cc: Will Deacon <will@kernel.org>
Cc: Jiajun Cao <caojiajun@vmware.com>
Cc: Robin Murphy <robin.murphy@arm.com>
Cc: Lu Baolu <baolu.lu@linux.intel.com>
Cc: iommu@lists.linux-foundation.org
Cc: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org

---

v5->v6:
* Remove redundant check on amd_iommu_iotlb_gather_add_page() [Robin]
* Add Robin's reviewed-by tags

v4->v5:
* Rebase on v5.14-rc1
* Change pr_warn() to pr_info() [John Garry]

v3->v4:
* Breaking flushes to naturally aligned ranges on vIOMMU [Robin]
* Removing unnecessary stubs; fixing comment [Robin]
* Removing unused variable [Yong]
* Changing pr_warn_once() to pr_warn() [Robin]
* Improving commit log [Will]

v2->v3:
* Rebase on v5.13-rc5
* Refactoring (patches 4-5) [Robin]
* Rework flush logic (patch 5): more relaxed on native
* Syncing once on scatter-gather operations (patch 6)

v1->v2:
* Rebase on v5.13-rc3

Nadav Amit (6):
  iommu/amd: Selective flush on unmap
  iommu/amd: Do not use flush-queue when NpCache is on
  iommu: Factor iommu_iotlb_gather_is_disjoint() out
  iommu/amd: Tailored gather logic for AMD
  iommu/amd: Sync once for scatter-gather operations
  iommu/amd: Use only natural aligned flushes in a VM

Robin Murphy (1):
  iommu: Improve iommu_iotlb_gather helpers

 drivers/iommu/amd/init.c  |  7 ++-
 drivers/iommu/amd/iommu.c | 96 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++----
 drivers/iommu/mtk_iommu.c |  6 +--
 include/linux/iommu.h     | 72 +++++++++++++++++++++++------
 4 files changed, 153 insertions(+), 28 deletions(-)

-- 
2.25.1

[PATCH v6 0/7] iommu/amd: Enable page-selective flushes

[Nadav Amit]

From: Nadav Amit <namit@vmware.com>

The previous patch, commit 268aa4548277 ("iommu/amd: Page-specific
invalidations for more than one page") was supposed to enable
page-selective IOTLB flushes on AMD.

Besides the bug that was already fixed by commit a017c567915f
("iommu/amd: Fix wrong parentheses on page-specific invalidations")
there are several remaining matters to enable and benefit from
page-selective IOTLB flushes on AMD:

1. Enable selective flushes on unmap (patch 1)
2. Avoid using flush-queue on vIOMMUs (patch 2)
3. Relaxed flushes when gathering, excluding vIOMMUs (patches 3-5)
4. Syncing once on scatter-gather map operations (patch 6)
5. Breaking flushes to naturally aligned ranges on vIOMMU (patch 7)

The main difference in this version is that the logic that flushes
vIOMMU was improved based on Robin's feedback. Batching decisions are
not based on alignment anymore, but instead the flushing range is broken
into naturally aligned regions on sync. Doing so allows us to flush only
the entries that we modified with the minimal number of flushes.

Robin, others: your feedback would be highly appreciated to get these
patches merge.

Cc: Joerg Roedel <joro@8bytes.org>
Cc: Will Deacon <will@kernel.org>
Cc: Jiajun Cao <caojiajun@vmware.com>
Cc: Robin Murphy <robin.murphy@arm.com>
Cc: Lu Baolu <baolu.lu@linux.intel.com>
Cc: iommu@lists.linux-foundation.org
Cc: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org

---

v5->v6:
* Remove redundant check on amd_iommu_iotlb_gather_add_page() [Robin]
* Add Robin's reviewed-by tags

v4->v5:
* Rebase on v5.14-rc1
* Change pr_warn() to pr_info() [John Garry]

v3->v4:
* Breaking flushes to naturally aligned ranges on vIOMMU [Robin]
* Removing unnecessary stubs; fixing comment [Robin]
* Removing unused variable [Yong]
* Changing pr_warn_once() to pr_warn() [Robin]
* Improving commit log [Will]

v2->v3:
* Rebase on v5.13-rc5
* Refactoring (patches 4-5) [Robin]
* Rework flush logic (patch 5): more relaxed on native
* Syncing once on scatter-gather operations (patch 6)

v1->v2:
* Rebase on v5.13-rc3

Nadav Amit (6):
  iommu/amd: Selective flush on unmap
  iommu/amd: Do not use flush-queue when NpCache is on
  iommu: Factor iommu_iotlb_gather_is_disjoint() out
  iommu/amd: Tailored gather logic for AMD
  iommu/amd: Sync once for scatter-gather operations
  iommu/amd: Use only natural aligned flushes in a VM

Robin Murphy (1):
  iommu: Improve iommu_iotlb_gather helpers

 drivers/iommu/amd/init.c  |  7 ++-
 drivers/iommu/amd/iommu.c | 96 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++----
 drivers/iommu/mtk_iommu.c |  6 +--
 include/linux/iommu.h     | 72 +++++++++++++++++++++++------
 4 files changed, 153 insertions(+), 28 deletions(-)

-- 
2.25.1

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[PATCH v6 1/7] iommu/amd: Selective flush on unmap

[Nadav Amit]

From: Nadav Amit <namit@vmware.com>

Recent patch attempted to enable selective page flushes on AMD IOMMU but
neglected to adapt amd_iommu_iotlb_sync() to use the selective flushes.

Adapt amd_iommu_iotlb_sync() to use selective flushes and change
amd_iommu_unmap() to collect the flushes. As a defensive measure, to
avoid potential issues as those that the Intel IOMMU driver encountered
recently, flush the page-walk caches by always setting the "pde"
parameter. This can be removed later.

Cc: Joerg Roedel <joro@8bytes.org>
Cc: Will Deacon <will@kernel.org>
Cc: Jiajun Cao <caojiajun@vmware.com>
Cc: Robin Murphy <robin.murphy@arm.com>
Cc: Lu Baolu <baolu.lu@linux.intel.com>
Cc: iommu@lists.linux-foundation.org
Cc: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Nadav Amit <namit@vmware.com>
---
 drivers/iommu/amd/iommu.c | 15 +++++++++++++--
 1 file changed, 13 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/drivers/iommu/amd/iommu.c b/drivers/iommu/amd/iommu.c
index 811a49a95d04..bfae3928b98f 100644
--- a/drivers/iommu/amd/iommu.c
+++ b/drivers/iommu/amd/iommu.c
@@ -2054,12 +2054,17 @@ static size_t amd_iommu_unmap(struct iommu_domain *dom, unsigned long iova,
 {
 	struct protection_domain *domain = to_pdomain(dom);
 	struct io_pgtable_ops *ops = &domain->iop.iop.ops;
+	size_t r;
 
 	if ((amd_iommu_pgtable == AMD_IOMMU_V1) &&
 	    (domain->iop.mode == PAGE_MODE_NONE))
 		return 0;
 
-	return (ops->unmap) ? ops->unmap(ops, iova, page_size, gather) : 0;
+	r = (ops->unmap) ? ops->unmap(ops, iova, page_size, gather) : 0;
+
+	iommu_iotlb_gather_add_page(dom, gather, iova, page_size);
+
+	return r;
 }
 
 static phys_addr_t amd_iommu_iova_to_phys(struct iommu_domain *dom,
@@ -2162,7 +2167,13 @@ static void amd_iommu_flush_iotlb_all(struct iommu_domain *domain)
 static void amd_iommu_iotlb_sync(struct iommu_domain *domain,
 				 struct iommu_iotlb_gather *gather)
 {
-	amd_iommu_flush_iotlb_all(domain);
+	struct protection_domain *dom = to_pdomain(domain);
+	unsigned long flags;
+
+	spin_lock_irqsave(&dom->lock, flags);
+	__domain_flush_pages(dom, gather->start, gather->end - gather->start, 1);
+	amd_iommu_domain_flush_complete(dom);
+	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&dom->lock, flags);
 }
 
 static int amd_iommu_def_domain_type(struct device *dev)
-- 
2.25.1

[PATCH v6 1/7] iommu/amd: Selective flush on unmap

[Nadav Amit]

From: Nadav Amit <namit@vmware.com>

Recent patch attempted to enable selective page flushes on AMD IOMMU but
neglected to adapt amd_iommu_iotlb_sync() to use the selective flushes.

Adapt amd_iommu_iotlb_sync() to use selective flushes and change
amd_iommu_unmap() to collect the flushes. As a defensive measure, to
avoid potential issues as those that the Intel IOMMU driver encountered
recently, flush the page-walk caches by always setting the "pde"
parameter. This can be removed later.

Cc: Joerg Roedel <joro@8bytes.org>
Cc: Will Deacon <will@kernel.org>
Cc: Jiajun Cao <caojiajun@vmware.com>
Cc: Robin Murphy <robin.murphy@arm.com>
Cc: Lu Baolu <baolu.lu@linux.intel.com>
Cc: iommu@lists.linux-foundation.org
Cc: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Nadav Amit <namit@vmware.com>
---
 drivers/iommu/amd/iommu.c | 15 +++++++++++++--
 1 file changed, 13 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/drivers/iommu/amd/iommu.c b/drivers/iommu/amd/iommu.c
index 811a49a95d04..bfae3928b98f 100644
--- a/drivers/iommu/amd/iommu.c
+++ b/drivers/iommu/amd/iommu.c
@@ -2054,12 +2054,17 @@ static size_t amd_iommu_unmap(struct iommu_domain *dom, unsigned long iova,
 {
 	struct protection_domain *domain = to_pdomain(dom);
 	struct io_pgtable_ops *ops = &domain->iop.iop.ops;
+	size_t r;
 
 	if ((amd_iommu_pgtable == AMD_IOMMU_V1) &&
 	    (domain->iop.mode == PAGE_MODE_NONE))
 		return 0;
 
-	return (ops->unmap) ? ops->unmap(ops, iova, page_size, gather) : 0;
+	r = (ops->unmap) ? ops->unmap(ops, iova, page_size, gather) : 0;
+
+	iommu_iotlb_gather_add_page(dom, gather, iova, page_size);
+
+	return r;
 }
 
 static phys_addr_t amd_iommu_iova_to_phys(struct iommu_domain *dom,
@@ -2162,7 +2167,13 @@ static void amd_iommu_flush_iotlb_all(struct iommu_domain *domain)
 static void amd_iommu_iotlb_sync(struct iommu_domain *domain,
 				 struct iommu_iotlb_gather *gather)
 {
-	amd_iommu_flush_iotlb_all(domain);
+	struct protection_domain *dom = to_pdomain(domain);
+	unsigned long flags;
+
+	spin_lock_irqsave(&dom->lock, flags);
+	__domain_flush_pages(dom, gather->start, gather->end - gather->start, 1);
+	amd_iommu_domain_flush_complete(dom);
+	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&dom->lock, flags);
 }
 
 static int amd_iommu_def_domain_type(struct device *dev)
-- 
2.25.1

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[PATCH v6 2/7] iommu/amd: Do not use flush-queue when NpCache is on

[Nadav Amit]

From: Nadav Amit <namit@vmware.com>

Do not use flush-queue on virtualized environments, where the NpCache
capability of the IOMMU is set. This is required to reduce
virtualization overheads.

This change follows a similar change to Intel's VT-d and a detailed
explanation as for the rationale is described in commit 29b32839725f
("iommu/vt-d: Do not use flush-queue when caching-mode is on").

Cc: Joerg Roedel <joro@8bytes.org>
Cc: Will Deacon <will@kernel.org>
Cc: Jiajun Cao <caojiajun@vmware.com>
Cc: Robin Murphy <robin.murphy@arm.com>
Cc: Lu Baolu <baolu.lu@linux.intel.com>
Cc: iommu@lists.linux-foundation.org
Cc: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Nadav Amit <namit@vmware.com>
---
 drivers/iommu/amd/init.c | 7 ++++++-
 1 file changed, 6 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/drivers/iommu/amd/init.c b/drivers/iommu/amd/init.c
index 46280e6e1535..1c7ae7d3c55d 100644
--- a/drivers/iommu/amd/init.c
+++ b/drivers/iommu/amd/init.c
@@ -1850,8 +1850,13 @@ static int __init iommu_init_pci(struct amd_iommu *iommu)
 	if (ret)
 		return ret;
 
-	if (iommu->cap & (1UL << IOMMU_CAP_NPCACHE))
+	if (iommu->cap & (1UL << IOMMU_CAP_NPCACHE)) {
+		if (!amd_iommu_unmap_flush)
+			pr_info("IOMMU batching is disabled due to virtualization\n");
+
 		amd_iommu_np_cache = true;
+		amd_iommu_unmap_flush = true;
+	}
 
 	init_iommu_perf_ctr(iommu);
 
-- 
2.25.1

[PATCH v6 2/7] iommu/amd: Do not use flush-queue when NpCache is on

[Nadav Amit]

From: Nadav Amit <namit@vmware.com>

Do not use flush-queue on virtualized environments, where the NpCache
capability of the IOMMU is set. This is required to reduce
virtualization overheads.

This change follows a similar change to Intel's VT-d and a detailed
explanation as for the rationale is described in commit 29b32839725f
("iommu/vt-d: Do not use flush-queue when caching-mode is on").

Cc: Joerg Roedel <joro@8bytes.org>
Cc: Will Deacon <will@kernel.org>
Cc: Jiajun Cao <caojiajun@vmware.com>
Cc: Robin Murphy <robin.murphy@arm.com>
Cc: Lu Baolu <baolu.lu@linux.intel.com>
Cc: iommu@lists.linux-foundation.org
Cc: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Nadav Amit <namit@vmware.com>
---
 drivers/iommu/amd/init.c | 7 ++++++-
 1 file changed, 6 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/drivers/iommu/amd/init.c b/drivers/iommu/amd/init.c
index 46280e6e1535..1c7ae7d3c55d 100644
--- a/drivers/iommu/amd/init.c
+++ b/drivers/iommu/amd/init.c
@@ -1850,8 +1850,13 @@ static int __init iommu_init_pci(struct amd_iommu *iommu)
 	if (ret)
 		return ret;
 
-	if (iommu->cap & (1UL << IOMMU_CAP_NPCACHE))
+	if (iommu->cap & (1UL << IOMMU_CAP_NPCACHE)) {
+		if (!amd_iommu_unmap_flush)
+			pr_info("IOMMU batching is disabled due to virtualization\n");
+
 		amd_iommu_np_cache = true;
+		amd_iommu_unmap_flush = true;
+	}
 
 	init_iommu_perf_ctr(iommu);
 
-- 
2.25.1

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[PATCH v6 3/7] iommu: Improve iommu_iotlb_gather helpers

[Nadav Amit]

From: Robin Murphy <robin.murphy@arm.com>

The Mediatek driver is not the only one which might want a basic
address-based gathering behaviour, so although it's arguably simple
enough to open-code, let's factor it out for the sake of cleanliness.
Let's also take this opportunity to document the intent of these
helpers for clarity.

Cc: Joerg Roedel <joro@8bytes.org>
Cc: Will Deacon <will@kernel.org>
Cc: Jiajun Cao <caojiajun@vmware.com>
Cc: Robin Murphy <robin.murphy@arm.com>
Cc: Lu Baolu <baolu.lu@linux.intel.com>
Cc: iommu@lists.linux-foundation.org
Cc: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Robin Murphy <robin.murphy@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Nadav Amit <namit@vmware.com>
---
 drivers/iommu/mtk_iommu.c |  6 +-----
 include/linux/iommu.h     | 38 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 34 insertions(+), 10 deletions(-)

diff --git a/drivers/iommu/mtk_iommu.c b/drivers/iommu/mtk_iommu.c
index 6f7c69688ce2..d9939e4af35c 100644
--- a/drivers/iommu/mtk_iommu.c
+++ b/drivers/iommu/mtk_iommu.c
@@ -520,12 +520,8 @@ static size_t mtk_iommu_unmap(struct iommu_domain *domain,
 			      struct iommu_iotlb_gather *gather)
 {
 	struct mtk_iommu_domain *dom = to_mtk_domain(domain);
-	unsigned long end = iova + size - 1;
 
-	if (gather->start > iova)
-		gather->start = iova;
-	if (gather->end < end)
-		gather->end = end;
+	iommu_iotlb_gather_add_range(gather, iova, size);
 	return dom->iop->unmap(dom->iop, iova, size, gather);
 }
 
diff --git a/include/linux/iommu.h b/include/linux/iommu.h
index 32d448050bf7..e554871db46f 100644
--- a/include/linux/iommu.h
+++ b/include/linux/iommu.h
@@ -497,6 +497,38 @@ static inline void iommu_iotlb_sync(struct iommu_domain *domain,
 	iommu_iotlb_gather_init(iotlb_gather);
 }
 
+/**
+ * iommu_iotlb_gather_add_range - Gather for address-based TLB invalidation
+ * @gather: TLB gather data
+ * @iova: start of page to invalidate
+ * @size: size of page to invalidate
+ *
+ * Helper for IOMMU drivers to build arbitrarily-sized invalidation commands
+ * where only the address range matters, and simply minimising intermediate
+ * syncs is preferred.
+ */
+static inline void iommu_iotlb_gather_add_range(struct iommu_iotlb_gather *gather,
+						unsigned long iova, size_t size)
+{
+	unsigned long end = iova + size - 1;
+
+	if (gather->start > iova)
+		gather->start = iova;
+	if (gather->end < end)
+		gather->end = end;
+}
+
+/**
+ * iommu_iotlb_gather_add_page - Gather for page-based TLB invalidation
+ * @domain: IOMMU domain to be invalidated
+ * @gather: TLB gather data
+ * @iova: start of page to invalidate
+ * @size: size of page to invalidate
+ *
+ * Helper for IOMMU drivers to build invalidation commands based on individual
+ * pages, or with page size/table level hints which cannot be gathered if they
+ * differ.
+ */
 static inline void iommu_iotlb_gather_add_page(struct iommu_domain *domain,
 					       struct iommu_iotlb_gather *gather,
 					       unsigned long iova, size_t size)
@@ -515,11 +547,7 @@ static inline void iommu_iotlb_gather_add_page(struct iommu_domain *domain,
 		gather->pgsize = size;
 	}
 
-	if (gather->end < end)
-		gather->end = end;
-
-	if (gather->start > start)
-		gather->start = start;
+	iommu_iotlb_gather_add_range(gather, iova, size);
 }
 
 /* PCI device grouping function */
-- 
2.25.1

[PATCH v6 3/7] iommu: Improve iommu_iotlb_gather helpers

[Nadav Amit]

From: Robin Murphy <robin.murphy@arm.com>

The Mediatek driver is not the only one which might want a basic
address-based gathering behaviour, so although it's arguably simple
enough to open-code, let's factor it out for the sake of cleanliness.
Let's also take this opportunity to document the intent of these
helpers for clarity.

Cc: Joerg Roedel <joro@8bytes.org>
Cc: Will Deacon <will@kernel.org>
Cc: Jiajun Cao <caojiajun@vmware.com>
Cc: Robin Murphy <robin.murphy@arm.com>
Cc: Lu Baolu <baolu.lu@linux.intel.com>
Cc: iommu@lists.linux-foundation.org
Cc: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Robin Murphy <robin.murphy@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Nadav Amit <namit@vmware.com>
---
 drivers/iommu/mtk_iommu.c |  6 +-----
 include/linux/iommu.h     | 38 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 34 insertions(+), 10 deletions(-)

diff --git a/drivers/iommu/mtk_iommu.c b/drivers/iommu/mtk_iommu.c
index 6f7c69688ce2..d9939e4af35c 100644
--- a/drivers/iommu/mtk_iommu.c
+++ b/drivers/iommu/mtk_iommu.c
@@ -520,12 +520,8 @@ static size_t mtk_iommu_unmap(struct iommu_domain *domain,
 			      struct iommu_iotlb_gather *gather)
 {
 	struct mtk_iommu_domain *dom = to_mtk_domain(domain);
-	unsigned long end = iova + size - 1;
 
-	if (gather->start > iova)
-		gather->start = iova;
-	if (gather->end < end)
-		gather->end = end;
+	iommu_iotlb_gather_add_range(gather, iova, size);
 	return dom->iop->unmap(dom->iop, iova, size, gather);
 }
 
diff --git a/include/linux/iommu.h b/include/linux/iommu.h
index 32d448050bf7..e554871db46f 100644
--- a/include/linux/iommu.h
+++ b/include/linux/iommu.h
@@ -497,6 +497,38 @@ static inline void iommu_iotlb_sync(struct iommu_domain *domain,
 	iommu_iotlb_gather_init(iotlb_gather);
 }
 
+/**
+ * iommu_iotlb_gather_add_range - Gather for address-based TLB invalidation
+ * @gather: TLB gather data
+ * @iova: start of page to invalidate
+ * @size: size of page to invalidate
+ *
+ * Helper for IOMMU drivers to build arbitrarily-sized invalidation commands
+ * where only the address range matters, and simply minimising intermediate
+ * syncs is preferred.
+ */
+static inline void iommu_iotlb_gather_add_range(struct iommu_iotlb_gather *gather,
+						unsigned long iova, size_t size)
+{
+	unsigned long end = iova + size - 1;
+
+	if (gather->start > iova)
+		gather->start = iova;
+	if (gather->end < end)
+		gather->end = end;
+}
+
+/**
+ * iommu_iotlb_gather_add_page - Gather for page-based TLB invalidation
+ * @domain: IOMMU domain to be invalidated
+ * @gather: TLB gather data
+ * @iova: start of page to invalidate
+ * @size: size of page to invalidate
+ *
+ * Helper for IOMMU drivers to build invalidation commands based on individual
+ * pages, or with page size/table level hints which cannot be gathered if they
+ * differ.
+ */
 static inline void iommu_iotlb_gather_add_page(struct iommu_domain *domain,
 					       struct iommu_iotlb_gather *gather,
 					       unsigned long iova, size_t size)
@@ -515,11 +547,7 @@ static inline void iommu_iotlb_gather_add_page(struct iommu_domain *domain,
 		gather->pgsize = size;
 	}
 
-	if (gather->end < end)
-		gather->end = end;
-
-	if (gather->start > start)
-		gather->start = start;
+	iommu_iotlb_gather_add_range(gather, iova, size);
 }
 
 /* PCI device grouping function */
-- 
2.25.1

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[PATCH v6 4/7] iommu: Factor iommu_iotlb_gather_is_disjoint() out

[Nadav Amit]

From: Nadav Amit <namit@vmware.com>

Refactor iommu_iotlb_gather_add_page() and factor out the logic that
detects whether IOTLB gather range and a new range are disjoint. To be
used by the next patch that implements different gathering logic for
AMD.

Note that updating gather->pgsize unconditionally does not affect
correctness as the function had (and has) an invariant, in which
gather->pgsize always represents the flushing granularity of its range.
Arguably, “size" should never be zero, but lets assume for the matter of
discussion that it might.

If "size" equals to "gather->pgsize", then the assignment in question
has no impact.

Otherwise, if "size" is non-zero, then iommu_iotlb_sync() would
initialize the size and range (see iommu_iotlb_gather_init()), and the
invariant is kept.

Otherwise, "size" is zero, and "gather" already holds a range, so
gather->pgsize is non-zero and (gather->pgsize && gather->pgsize !=
size) is true. Therefore, again, iommu_iotlb_sync() would be called and
initialize the size.

Cc: Joerg Roedel <joro@8bytes.org>
Cc: Jiajun Cao <caojiajun@vmware.com>
Cc: Lu Baolu <baolu.lu@linux.intel.com>
Cc: iommu@lists.linux-foundation.org
Cc: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Robin Murphy <robin.murphy@arm.com>
Acked-by: Will Deacon <will@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Nadav Amit <namit@vmware.com>
---
 include/linux/iommu.h | 34 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++--------
 1 file changed, 26 insertions(+), 8 deletions(-)

diff --git a/include/linux/iommu.h b/include/linux/iommu.h
index e554871db46f..979a5ceeea55 100644
--- a/include/linux/iommu.h
+++ b/include/linux/iommu.h
@@ -497,6 +497,28 @@ static inline void iommu_iotlb_sync(struct iommu_domain *domain,
 	iommu_iotlb_gather_init(iotlb_gather);
 }
 
+/**
+ * iommu_iotlb_gather_is_disjoint - Checks whether a new range is disjoint
+ *
+ * @gather: TLB gather data
+ * @iova: start of page to invalidate
+ * @size: size of page to invalidate
+ *
+ * Helper for IOMMU drivers to check whether a new range and the gathered range
+ * are disjoint. For many IOMMUs, flushing the IOMMU in this case is better
+ * than merging the two, which might lead to unnecessary invalidations.
+ */
+static inline
+bool iommu_iotlb_gather_is_disjoint(struct iommu_iotlb_gather *gather,
+				    unsigned long iova, size_t size)
+{
+	unsigned long start = iova, end = start + size - 1;
+
+	return gather->end != 0 &&
+		(end + 1 < gather->start || start > gather->end + 1);
+}
+
+
 /**
  * iommu_iotlb_gather_add_range - Gather for address-based TLB invalidation
  * @gather: TLB gather data
@@ -533,20 +555,16 @@ static inline void iommu_iotlb_gather_add_page(struct iommu_domain *domain,
 					       struct iommu_iotlb_gather *gather,
 					       unsigned long iova, size_t size)
 {
-	unsigned long start = iova, end = start + size - 1;
-
 	/*
 	 * If the new page is disjoint from the current range or is mapped at
 	 * a different granularity, then sync the TLB so that the gather
 	 * structure can be rewritten.
 	 */
-	if (gather->pgsize != size ||
-	    end + 1 < gather->start || start > gather->end + 1) {
-		if (gather->pgsize)
-			iommu_iotlb_sync(domain, gather);
-		gather->pgsize = size;
-	}
+	if ((gather->pgsize && gather->pgsize != size) ||
+	    iommu_iotlb_gather_is_disjoint(gather, iova, size))
+		iommu_iotlb_sync(domain, gather);
 
+	gather->pgsize = size;
 	iommu_iotlb_gather_add_range(gather, iova, size);
 }
 
-- 
2.25.1

[PATCH v6 4/7] iommu: Factor iommu_iotlb_gather_is_disjoint() out

[Nadav Amit]

From: Nadav Amit <namit@vmware.com>

Refactor iommu_iotlb_gather_add_page() and factor out the logic that
detects whether IOTLB gather range and a new range are disjoint. To be
used by the next patch that implements different gathering logic for
AMD.

Note that updating gather->pgsize unconditionally does not affect
correctness as the function had (and has) an invariant, in which
gather->pgsize always represents the flushing granularity of its range.
Arguably, “size" should never be zero, but lets assume for the matter of
discussion that it might.

If "size" equals to "gather->pgsize", then the assignment in question
has no impact.

Otherwise, if "size" is non-zero, then iommu_iotlb_sync() would
initialize the size and range (see iommu_iotlb_gather_init()), and the
invariant is kept.

Otherwise, "size" is zero, and "gather" already holds a range, so
gather->pgsize is non-zero and (gather->pgsize && gather->pgsize !=
size) is true. Therefore, again, iommu_iotlb_sync() would be called and
initialize the size.

Cc: Joerg Roedel <joro@8bytes.org>
Cc: Jiajun Cao <caojiajun@vmware.com>
Cc: Lu Baolu <baolu.lu@linux.intel.com>
Cc: iommu@lists.linux-foundation.org
Cc: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Robin Murphy <robin.murphy@arm.com>
Acked-by: Will Deacon <will@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Nadav Amit <namit@vmware.com>
---
 include/linux/iommu.h | 34 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++--------
 1 file changed, 26 insertions(+), 8 deletions(-)

diff --git a/include/linux/iommu.h b/include/linux/iommu.h
index e554871db46f..979a5ceeea55 100644
--- a/include/linux/iommu.h
+++ b/include/linux/iommu.h
@@ -497,6 +497,28 @@ static inline void iommu_iotlb_sync(struct iommu_domain *domain,
 	iommu_iotlb_gather_init(iotlb_gather);
 }
 
+/**
+ * iommu_iotlb_gather_is_disjoint - Checks whether a new range is disjoint
+ *
+ * @gather: TLB gather data
+ * @iova: start of page to invalidate
+ * @size: size of page to invalidate
+ *
+ * Helper for IOMMU drivers to check whether a new range and the gathered range
+ * are disjoint. For many IOMMUs, flushing the IOMMU in this case is better
+ * than merging the two, which might lead to unnecessary invalidations.
+ */
+static inline
+bool iommu_iotlb_gather_is_disjoint(struct iommu_iotlb_gather *gather,
+				    unsigned long iova, size_t size)
+{
+	unsigned long start = iova, end = start + size - 1;
+
+	return gather->end != 0 &&
+		(end + 1 < gather->start || start > gather->end + 1);
+}
+
+
 /**
  * iommu_iotlb_gather_add_range - Gather for address-based TLB invalidation
  * @gather: TLB gather data
@@ -533,20 +555,16 @@ static inline void iommu_iotlb_gather_add_page(struct iommu_domain *domain,
 					       struct iommu_iotlb_gather *gather,
 					       unsigned long iova, size_t size)
 {
-	unsigned long start = iova, end = start + size - 1;
-
 	/*
 	 * If the new page is disjoint from the current range or is mapped at
 	 * a different granularity, then sync the TLB so that the gather
 	 * structure can be rewritten.
 	 */
-	if (gather->pgsize != size ||
-	    end + 1 < gather->start || start > gather->end + 1) {
-		if (gather->pgsize)
-			iommu_iotlb_sync(domain, gather);
-		gather->pgsize = size;
-	}
+	if ((gather->pgsize && gather->pgsize != size) ||
+	    iommu_iotlb_gather_is_disjoint(gather, iova, size))
+		iommu_iotlb_sync(domain, gather);
 
+	gather->pgsize = size;
 	iommu_iotlb_gather_add_range(gather, iova, size);
 }
 
-- 
2.25.1

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[PATCH v6 5/7] iommu/amd: Tailored gather logic for AMD

[Nadav Amit]

From: Nadav Amit <namit@vmware.com>

AMD's IOMMU can flush efficiently (i.e., in a single flush) any range.
This is in contrast, for instnace, to Intel IOMMUs that have a limit on
the number of pages that can be flushed in a single flush.  In addition,
AMD's IOMMU do not care about the page-size, so changes of the page size
do not need to trigger a TLB flush.

So in most cases, a TLB flush due to disjoint range is not needed for
AMD. Yet, vIOMMUs require the hypervisor to synchronize the virtualized
IOMMU's PTEs with the physical ones. This process induce overheads, so
it is better not to cause unnecessary flushes, i.e., flushes of PTEs
that were not modified.

Implement and use amd_iommu_iotlb_gather_add_page() and use it instead
of the generic iommu_iotlb_gather_add_page(). Ignore disjoint regions
unless "non-present cache" feature is reported by the IOMMU
capabilities, as this is an indication we are running on a physical
IOMMU. A similar indication is used by VT-d (see "caching mode"). The
new logic retains the same flushing behavior that we had before the
introduction of page-selective IOTLB flushes for AMD.

On virtualized environments, check if the newly flushed region and the
gathered one are disjoint and flush if it is.

Cc: Joerg Roedel <joro@8bytes.org>
Cc: Will Deacon <will@kernel.org>
Cc: Jiajun Cao <caojiajun@vmware.com>
Cc: Lu Baolu <baolu.lu@linux.intel.com>
Cc: iommu@lists.linux-foundation.org
Cc: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Robin Murphy <robin.murphy@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Nadav Amit <namit@vmware.com>
---
 drivers/iommu/amd/iommu.c | 23 ++++++++++++++++++++++-
 1 file changed, 22 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/drivers/iommu/amd/iommu.c b/drivers/iommu/amd/iommu.c
index bfae3928b98f..f5d5f2124391 100644
--- a/drivers/iommu/amd/iommu.c
+++ b/drivers/iommu/amd/iommu.c
@@ -2048,6 +2048,27 @@ static int amd_iommu_map(struct iommu_domain *dom, unsigned long iova,
 	return ret;
 }
 
+static void amd_iommu_iotlb_gather_add_page(struct iommu_domain *domain,
+					    struct iommu_iotlb_gather *gather,
+					    unsigned long iova, size_t size)
+{
+	/*
+	 * AMD's IOMMU can flush as many pages as necessary in a single flush.
+	 * Unless we run in a virtual machine, which can be inferred according
+	 * to whether "non-present cache" is on, it is probably best to prefer
+	 * (potentially) too extensive TLB flushing (i.e., more misses) over
+	 * mutliple TLB flushes (i.e., more flushes). For virtual machines the
+	 * hypervisor needs to synchronize the host IOMMU PTEs with those of
+	 * the guest, and the trade-off is different: unnecessary TLB flushes
+	 * should be avoided.
+	 */
+	if (amd_iommu_np_cache &&
+	    iommu_iotlb_gather_is_disjoint(gather, iova, size))
+		iommu_iotlb_sync(domain, gather);
+
+	iommu_iotlb_gather_add_range(gather, iova, size);
+}
+
 static size_t amd_iommu_unmap(struct iommu_domain *dom, unsigned long iova,
 			      size_t page_size,
 			      struct iommu_iotlb_gather *gather)
@@ -2062,7 +2083,7 @@ static size_t amd_iommu_unmap(struct iommu_domain *dom, unsigned long iova,
 
 	r = (ops->unmap) ? ops->unmap(ops, iova, page_size, gather) : 0;
 
-	iommu_iotlb_gather_add_page(dom, gather, iova, page_size);
+	amd_iommu_iotlb_gather_add_page(dom, gather, iova, page_size);
 
 	return r;
 }
-- 
2.25.1

[PATCH v6 5/7] iommu/amd: Tailored gather logic for AMD

[Nadav Amit]

From: Nadav Amit <namit@vmware.com>

AMD's IOMMU can flush efficiently (i.e., in a single flush) any range.
This is in contrast, for instnace, to Intel IOMMUs that have a limit on
the number of pages that can be flushed in a single flush.  In addition,
AMD's IOMMU do not care about the page-size, so changes of the page size
do not need to trigger a TLB flush.

So in most cases, a TLB flush due to disjoint range is not needed for
AMD. Yet, vIOMMUs require the hypervisor to synchronize the virtualized
IOMMU's PTEs with the physical ones. This process induce overheads, so
it is better not to cause unnecessary flushes, i.e., flushes of PTEs
that were not modified.

Implement and use amd_iommu_iotlb_gather_add_page() and use it instead
of the generic iommu_iotlb_gather_add_page(). Ignore disjoint regions
unless "non-present cache" feature is reported by the IOMMU
capabilities, as this is an indication we are running on a physical
IOMMU. A similar indication is used by VT-d (see "caching mode"). The
new logic retains the same flushing behavior that we had before the
introduction of page-selective IOTLB flushes for AMD.

On virtualized environments, check if the newly flushed region and the
gathered one are disjoint and flush if it is.

Cc: Joerg Roedel <joro@8bytes.org>
Cc: Will Deacon <will@kernel.org>
Cc: Jiajun Cao <caojiajun@vmware.com>
Cc: Lu Baolu <baolu.lu@linux.intel.com>
Cc: iommu@lists.linux-foundation.org
Cc: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Robin Murphy <robin.murphy@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Nadav Amit <namit@vmware.com>
---
 drivers/iommu/amd/iommu.c | 23 ++++++++++++++++++++++-
 1 file changed, 22 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/drivers/iommu/amd/iommu.c b/drivers/iommu/amd/iommu.c
index bfae3928b98f..f5d5f2124391 100644
--- a/drivers/iommu/amd/iommu.c
+++ b/drivers/iommu/amd/iommu.c
@@ -2048,6 +2048,27 @@ static int amd_iommu_map(struct iommu_domain *dom, unsigned long iova,
 	return ret;
 }
 
+static void amd_iommu_iotlb_gather_add_page(struct iommu_domain *domain,
+					    struct iommu_iotlb_gather *gather,
+					    unsigned long iova, size_t size)
+{
+	/*
+	 * AMD's IOMMU can flush as many pages as necessary in a single flush.
+	 * Unless we run in a virtual machine, which can be inferred according
+	 * to whether "non-present cache" is on, it is probably best to prefer
+	 * (potentially) too extensive TLB flushing (i.e., more misses) over
+	 * mutliple TLB flushes (i.e., more flushes). For virtual machines the
+	 * hypervisor needs to synchronize the host IOMMU PTEs with those of
+	 * the guest, and the trade-off is different: unnecessary TLB flushes
+	 * should be avoided.
+	 */
+	if (amd_iommu_np_cache &&
+	    iommu_iotlb_gather_is_disjoint(gather, iova, size))
+		iommu_iotlb_sync(domain, gather);
+
+	iommu_iotlb_gather_add_range(gather, iova, size);
+}
+
 static size_t amd_iommu_unmap(struct iommu_domain *dom, unsigned long iova,
 			      size_t page_size,
 			      struct iommu_iotlb_gather *gather)
@@ -2062,7 +2083,7 @@ static size_t amd_iommu_unmap(struct iommu_domain *dom, unsigned long iova,
 
 	r = (ops->unmap) ? ops->unmap(ops, iova, page_size, gather) : 0;
 
-	iommu_iotlb_gather_add_page(dom, gather, iova, page_size);
+	amd_iommu_iotlb_gather_add_page(dom, gather, iova, page_size);
 
 	return r;
 }
-- 
2.25.1

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[PATCH v6 6/7] iommu/amd: Sync once for scatter-gather operations

[Nadav Amit]

From: Nadav Amit <namit@vmware.com>

On virtual machines, software must flush the IOTLB after each page table
entry update.

The iommu_map_sg() code iterates through the given scatter-gather list
and invokes iommu_map() for each element in the scatter-gather list,
which calls into the vendor IOMMU driver through iommu_ops callback. As
the result, a single sg mapping may lead to multiple IOTLB flushes.

Fix this by adding amd_iotlb_sync_map() callback and flushing at this
point after all sg mappings we set.

This commit is followed and inspired by commit 933fcd01e97e2
("iommu/vt-d: Add iotlb_sync_map callback").

Cc: Joerg Roedel <joro@8bytes.org>
Cc: Will Deacon <will@kernel.org>
Cc: Jiajun Cao <caojiajun@vmware.com>
Cc: Robin Murphy <robin.murphy@arm.com>
Cc: Lu Baolu <baolu.lu@linux.intel.com>
Cc: iommu@lists.linux-foundation.org
Cc: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Nadav Amit <namit@vmware.com>
---
 drivers/iommu/amd/iommu.c | 15 ++++++++++++---
 1 file changed, 12 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)

diff --git a/drivers/iommu/amd/iommu.c b/drivers/iommu/amd/iommu.c
index f5d5f2124391..7846fcb1e92b 100644
--- a/drivers/iommu/amd/iommu.c
+++ b/drivers/iommu/amd/iommu.c
@@ -2022,6 +2022,16 @@ static int amd_iommu_attach_device(struct iommu_domain *dom,
 	return ret;
 }
 
+static void amd_iommu_iotlb_sync_map(struct iommu_domain *dom,
+				     unsigned long iova, size_t size)
+{
+	struct protection_domain *domain = to_pdomain(dom);
+	struct io_pgtable_ops *ops = &domain->iop.iop.ops;
+
+	if (ops->map)
+		domain_flush_np_cache(domain, iova, size);
+}
+
 static int amd_iommu_map(struct iommu_domain *dom, unsigned long iova,
 			 phys_addr_t paddr, size_t page_size, int iommu_prot,
 			 gfp_t gfp)
@@ -2040,10 +2050,8 @@ static int amd_iommu_map(struct iommu_domain *dom, unsigned long iova,
 	if (iommu_prot & IOMMU_WRITE)
 		prot |= IOMMU_PROT_IW;
 
-	if (ops->map) {
+	if (ops->map)
 		ret = ops->map(ops, iova, paddr, page_size, prot, gfp);
-		domain_flush_np_cache(domain, iova, page_size);
-	}
 
 	return ret;
 }
@@ -2223,6 +2231,7 @@ const struct iommu_ops amd_iommu_ops = {
 	.attach_dev = amd_iommu_attach_device,
 	.detach_dev = amd_iommu_detach_device,
 	.map = amd_iommu_map,
+	.iotlb_sync_map	= amd_iommu_iotlb_sync_map,
 	.unmap = amd_iommu_unmap,
 	.iova_to_phys = amd_iommu_iova_to_phys,
 	.probe_device = amd_iommu_probe_device,
-- 
2.25.1

[PATCH v6 6/7] iommu/amd: Sync once for scatter-gather operations

[Nadav Amit]

From: Nadav Amit <namit@vmware.com>

On virtual machines, software must flush the IOTLB after each page table
entry update.

The iommu_map_sg() code iterates through the given scatter-gather list
and invokes iommu_map() for each element in the scatter-gather list,
which calls into the vendor IOMMU driver through iommu_ops callback. As
the result, a single sg mapping may lead to multiple IOTLB flushes.

Fix this by adding amd_iotlb_sync_map() callback and flushing at this
point after all sg mappings we set.

This commit is followed and inspired by commit 933fcd01e97e2
("iommu/vt-d: Add iotlb_sync_map callback").

Cc: Joerg Roedel <joro@8bytes.org>
Cc: Will Deacon <will@kernel.org>
Cc: Jiajun Cao <caojiajun@vmware.com>
Cc: Robin Murphy <robin.murphy@arm.com>
Cc: Lu Baolu <baolu.lu@linux.intel.com>
Cc: iommu@lists.linux-foundation.org
Cc: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Nadav Amit <namit@vmware.com>
---
 drivers/iommu/amd/iommu.c | 15 ++++++++++++---
 1 file changed, 12 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)

diff --git a/drivers/iommu/amd/iommu.c b/drivers/iommu/amd/iommu.c
index f5d5f2124391..7846fcb1e92b 100644
--- a/drivers/iommu/amd/iommu.c
+++ b/drivers/iommu/amd/iommu.c
@@ -2022,6 +2022,16 @@ static int amd_iommu_attach_device(struct iommu_domain *dom,
 	return ret;
 }
 
+static void amd_iommu_iotlb_sync_map(struct iommu_domain *dom,
+				     unsigned long iova, size_t size)
+{
+	struct protection_domain *domain = to_pdomain(dom);
+	struct io_pgtable_ops *ops = &domain->iop.iop.ops;
+
+	if (ops->map)
+		domain_flush_np_cache(domain, iova, size);
+}
+
 static int amd_iommu_map(struct iommu_domain *dom, unsigned long iova,
 			 phys_addr_t paddr, size_t page_size, int iommu_prot,
 			 gfp_t gfp)
@@ -2040,10 +2050,8 @@ static int amd_iommu_map(struct iommu_domain *dom, unsigned long iova,
 	if (iommu_prot & IOMMU_WRITE)
 		prot |= IOMMU_PROT_IW;
 
-	if (ops->map) {
+	if (ops->map)
 		ret = ops->map(ops, iova, paddr, page_size, prot, gfp);
-		domain_flush_np_cache(domain, iova, page_size);
-	}
 
 	return ret;
 }
@@ -2223,6 +2231,7 @@ const struct iommu_ops amd_iommu_ops = {
 	.attach_dev = amd_iommu_attach_device,
 	.detach_dev = amd_iommu_detach_device,
 	.map = amd_iommu_map,
+	.iotlb_sync_map	= amd_iommu_iotlb_sync_map,
 	.unmap = amd_iommu_unmap,
 	.iova_to_phys = amd_iommu_iova_to_phys,
 	.probe_device = amd_iommu_probe_device,
-- 
2.25.1

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[PATCH v6 7/7] iommu/amd: Use only natural aligned flushes in a VM

[Nadav Amit]

From: Nadav Amit <namit@vmware.com>

When running on an AMD vIOMMU, it is better to avoid TLB flushes
of unmodified PTEs. vIOMMUs require the hypervisor to synchronize the
virtualized IOMMU's PTEs with the physical ones. This process induce
overheads.

AMD IOMMU allows us to flush any range that is aligned to the power of
2. So when running on top of a vIOMMU, break the range into sub-ranges
that are naturally aligned, and flush each one separately. This apporach
is better when running with a vIOMMU, but on physical IOMMUs, the
penalty of IOTLB misses due to unnecessary flushed entries is likely to
be low.

Repurpose (i.e., keeping the name, changing the logic)
domain_flush_pages() so it is used to choose whether to perform one
flush of the whole range or multiple ones to avoid flushing unnecessary
ranges. Use NpCache, as usual, to infer whether the IOMMU is physical or
virtual.

Cc: Joerg Roedel <joro@8bytes.org>
Cc: Will Deacon <will@kernel.org>
Cc: Jiajun Cao <caojiajun@vmware.com>
Cc: Lu Baolu <baolu.lu@linux.intel.com>
Cc: iommu@lists.linux-foundation.org
Cc: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org
Suggested-by: Robin Murphy <robin.murphy@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Nadav Amit <namit@vmware.com>
---
 drivers/iommu/amd/iommu.c | 47 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++-----
 1 file changed, 42 insertions(+), 5 deletions(-)

diff --git a/drivers/iommu/amd/iommu.c b/drivers/iommu/amd/iommu.c
index 7846fcb1e92b..3f6428aa68cd 100644
--- a/drivers/iommu/amd/iommu.c
+++ b/drivers/iommu/amd/iommu.c
@@ -1261,15 +1261,52 @@ static void __domain_flush_pages(struct protection_domain *domain,
 }
 
 static void domain_flush_pages(struct protection_domain *domain,
-			       u64 address, size_t size)
+			       u64 address, size_t size, int pde)
 {
-	__domain_flush_pages(domain, address, size, 0);
+	if (likely(!amd_iommu_np_cache)) {
+		__domain_flush_pages(domain, address, size, pde);
+		return;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * When NpCache is on, we infer that we run in a VM and use a vIOMMU.
+	 * In such setups it is best to avoid flushes of ranges which are not
+	 * naturally aligned, since it would lead to flushes of unmodified
+	 * PTEs. Such flushes would require the hypervisor to do more work than
+	 * necessary. Therefore, perform repeated flushes of aligned ranges
+	 * until you cover the range. Each iteration flushes the smaller
+	 * between the natural alignment of the address that we flush and the
+	 * greatest naturally aligned region that fits in the range.
+	 */
+	while (size != 0) {
+		int addr_alignment = __ffs(address);
+		int size_alignment = __fls(size);
+		int min_alignment;
+		size_t flush_size;
+
+		/*
+		 * size is always non-zero, but address might be zero, causing
+		 * addr_alignment to be negative. As the casting of the
+		 * argument in __ffs(address) to long might trim the high bits
+		 * of the address on x86-32, cast to long when doing the check.
+		 */
+		if (likely((unsigned long)address != 0))
+			min_alignment = min(addr_alignment, size_alignment);
+		else
+			min_alignment = size_alignment;
+
+		flush_size = 1ul << min_alignment;
+
+		__domain_flush_pages(domain, address, flush_size, pde);
+		address += flush_size;
+		size -= flush_size;
+	}
 }
 
 /* Flush the whole IO/TLB for a given protection domain - including PDE */
 void amd_iommu_domain_flush_tlb_pde(struct protection_domain *domain)
 {
-	__domain_flush_pages(domain, 0, CMD_INV_IOMMU_ALL_PAGES_ADDRESS, 1);
+	domain_flush_pages(domain, 0, CMD_INV_IOMMU_ALL_PAGES_ADDRESS, 1);
 }
 
 void amd_iommu_domain_flush_complete(struct protection_domain *domain)
@@ -1296,7 +1333,7 @@ static void domain_flush_np_cache(struct protection_domain *domain,
 		unsigned long flags;
 
 		spin_lock_irqsave(&domain->lock, flags);
-		domain_flush_pages(domain, iova, size);
+		domain_flush_pages(domain, iova, size, 1);
 		amd_iommu_domain_flush_complete(domain);
 		spin_unlock_irqrestore(&domain->lock, flags);
 	}
@@ -2200,7 +2237,7 @@ static void amd_iommu_iotlb_sync(struct iommu_domain *domain,
 	unsigned long flags;
 
 	spin_lock_irqsave(&dom->lock, flags);
-	__domain_flush_pages(dom, gather->start, gather->end - gather->start, 1);
+	domain_flush_pages(dom, gather->start, gather->end - gather->start, 1);
 	amd_iommu_domain_flush_complete(dom);
 	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&dom->lock, flags);
 }
-- 
2.25.1

[PATCH v6 7/7] iommu/amd: Use only natural aligned flushes in a VM

[Nadav Amit]

From: Nadav Amit <namit@vmware.com>

When running on an AMD vIOMMU, it is better to avoid TLB flushes
of unmodified PTEs. vIOMMUs require the hypervisor to synchronize the
virtualized IOMMU's PTEs with the physical ones. This process induce
overheads.

AMD IOMMU allows us to flush any range that is aligned to the power of
2. So when running on top of a vIOMMU, break the range into sub-ranges
that are naturally aligned, and flush each one separately. This apporach
is better when running with a vIOMMU, but on physical IOMMUs, the
penalty of IOTLB misses due to unnecessary flushed entries is likely to
be low.

Repurpose (i.e., keeping the name, changing the logic)
domain_flush_pages() so it is used to choose whether to perform one
flush of the whole range or multiple ones to avoid flushing unnecessary
ranges. Use NpCache, as usual, to infer whether the IOMMU is physical or
virtual.

Cc: Joerg Roedel <joro@8bytes.org>
Cc: Will Deacon <will@kernel.org>
Cc: Jiajun Cao <caojiajun@vmware.com>
Cc: Lu Baolu <baolu.lu@linux.intel.com>
Cc: iommu@lists.linux-foundation.org
Cc: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org
Suggested-by: Robin Murphy <robin.murphy@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Nadav Amit <namit@vmware.com>
---
 drivers/iommu/amd/iommu.c | 47 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++-----
 1 file changed, 42 insertions(+), 5 deletions(-)

diff --git a/drivers/iommu/amd/iommu.c b/drivers/iommu/amd/iommu.c
index 7846fcb1e92b..3f6428aa68cd 100644
--- a/drivers/iommu/amd/iommu.c
+++ b/drivers/iommu/amd/iommu.c
@@ -1261,15 +1261,52 @@ static void __domain_flush_pages(struct protection_domain *domain,
 }
 
 static void domain_flush_pages(struct protection_domain *domain,
-			       u64 address, size_t size)
+			       u64 address, size_t size, int pde)
 {
-	__domain_flush_pages(domain, address, size, 0);
+	if (likely(!amd_iommu_np_cache)) {
+		__domain_flush_pages(domain, address, size, pde);
+		return;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * When NpCache is on, we infer that we run in a VM and use a vIOMMU.
+	 * In such setups it is best to avoid flushes of ranges which are not
+	 * naturally aligned, since it would lead to flushes of unmodified
+	 * PTEs. Such flushes would require the hypervisor to do more work than
+	 * necessary. Therefore, perform repeated flushes of aligned ranges
+	 * until you cover the range. Each iteration flushes the smaller
+	 * between the natural alignment of the address that we flush and the
+	 * greatest naturally aligned region that fits in the range.
+	 */
+	while (size != 0) {
+		int addr_alignment = __ffs(address);
+		int size_alignment = __fls(size);
+		int min_alignment;
+		size_t flush_size;
+
+		/*
+		 * size is always non-zero, but address might be zero, causing
+		 * addr_alignment to be negative. As the casting of the
+		 * argument in __ffs(address) to long might trim the high bits
+		 * of the address on x86-32, cast to long when doing the check.
+		 */
+		if (likely((unsigned long)address != 0))
+			min_alignment = min(addr_alignment, size_alignment);
+		else
+			min_alignment = size_alignment;
+
+		flush_size = 1ul << min_alignment;
+
+		__domain_flush_pages(domain, address, flush_size, pde);
+		address += flush_size;
+		size -= flush_size;
+	}
 }
 
 /* Flush the whole IO/TLB for a given protection domain - including PDE */
 void amd_iommu_domain_flush_tlb_pde(struct protection_domain *domain)
 {
-	__domain_flush_pages(domain, 0, CMD_INV_IOMMU_ALL_PAGES_ADDRESS, 1);
+	domain_flush_pages(domain, 0, CMD_INV_IOMMU_ALL_PAGES_ADDRESS, 1);
 }
 
 void amd_iommu_domain_flush_complete(struct protection_domain *domain)
@@ -1296,7 +1333,7 @@ static void domain_flush_np_cache(struct protection_domain *domain,
 		unsigned long flags;
 
 		spin_lock_irqsave(&domain->lock, flags);
-		domain_flush_pages(domain, iova, size);
+		domain_flush_pages(domain, iova, size, 1);
 		amd_iommu_domain_flush_complete(domain);
 		spin_unlock_irqrestore(&domain->lock, flags);
 	}
@@ -2200,7 +2237,7 @@ static void amd_iommu_iotlb_sync(struct iommu_domain *domain,
 	unsigned long flags;
 
 	spin_lock_irqsave(&dom->lock, flags);
-	__domain_flush_pages(dom, gather->start, gather->end - gather->start, 1);
+	domain_flush_pages(dom, gather->start, gather->end - gather->start, 1);
 	amd_iommu_domain_flush_complete(dom);
 	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&dom->lock, flags);
 }
-- 
2.25.1

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Re: [PATCH v6 0/7] iommu/amd: Enable page-selective flushes

[Joerg Roedel]

[ Adding Suravee, reviewer for AMD IOMMU ]

On Fri, Jul 23, 2021 at 02:32:02AM -0700, Nadav Amit wrote:
> Nadav Amit (6):
>   iommu/amd: Selective flush on unmap
>   iommu/amd: Do not use flush-queue when NpCache is on
>   iommu: Factor iommu_iotlb_gather_is_disjoint() out
>   iommu/amd: Tailored gather logic for AMD
>   iommu/amd: Sync once for scatter-gather operations
>   iommu/amd: Use only natural aligned flushes in a VM
> 
> Robin Murphy (1):
>   iommu: Improve iommu_iotlb_gather helpers

Thanks for your work on this, Nadav. If there are no further objections
I am going to apply the patches later this week.

Regards,

	Joerg

Re: [PATCH v6 0/7] iommu/amd: Enable page-selective flushes

[Joerg Roedel]

[ Adding Suravee, reviewer for AMD IOMMU ]

On Fri, Jul 23, 2021 at 02:32:02AM -0700, Nadav Amit wrote:
> Nadav Amit (6):
>   iommu/amd: Selective flush on unmap
>   iommu/amd: Do not use flush-queue when NpCache is on
>   iommu: Factor iommu_iotlb_gather_is_disjoint() out
>   iommu/amd: Tailored gather logic for AMD
>   iommu/amd: Sync once for scatter-gather operations
>   iommu/amd: Use only natural aligned flushes in a VM
> 
> Robin Murphy (1):
>   iommu: Improve iommu_iotlb_gather helpers

Thanks for your work on this, Nadav. If there are no further objections
I am going to apply the patches later this week.

Regards,

	Joerg
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Re: [PATCH v6 0/7] iommu/amd: Enable page-selective flushes

[Joerg Roedel]

On Fri, Jul 23, 2021 at 02:32:02AM -0700, Nadav Amit wrote:
> Nadav Amit (6):
>   iommu/amd: Selective flush on unmap
>   iommu/amd: Do not use flush-queue when NpCache is on
>   iommu: Factor iommu_iotlb_gather_is_disjoint() out
>   iommu/amd: Tailored gather logic for AMD
>   iommu/amd: Sync once for scatter-gather operations
>   iommu/amd: Use only natural aligned flushes in a VM
> 
> Robin Murphy (1):
>   iommu: Improve iommu_iotlb_gather helpers

Applied, thanks Nadav.

Re: [PATCH v6 0/7] iommu/amd: Enable page-selective flushes

[Joerg Roedel]

On Fri, Jul 23, 2021 at 02:32:02AM -0700, Nadav Amit wrote:
> Nadav Amit (6):
>   iommu/amd: Selective flush on unmap
>   iommu/amd: Do not use flush-queue when NpCache is on
>   iommu: Factor iommu_iotlb_gather_is_disjoint() out
>   iommu/amd: Tailored gather logic for AMD
>   iommu/amd: Sync once for scatter-gather operations
>   iommu/amd: Use only natural aligned flushes in a VM
> 
> Robin Murphy (1):
>   iommu: Improve iommu_iotlb_gather helpers

Applied, thanks Nadav.
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