[RFC] 'unsigned long' to 'size_t' conversion

[Derrick Stolee <stolee@gmail.com>]

There are several places in Git where we refer to the size of an object 
by an 'unsigned long' instead of a 'size_t'. In 64-bit Linux, 'unsigned 
long' is 8 bytes, but in 64-bit Windows it is 4 bytes.

The main issue with this conversion is that large objects fail to load 
(they seem to hash and store just fine). For example, the following 
'blob8gb' is an 8 GB file where the ith byte is equal to i % 256:

$ git hash-object -w --no-filters blob8gb
5391939346b98600acc0283dda24649450cec51f

$ git cat-file -s 5391939346b98600acc0283dda24649450cec51f
error: bad object header
fatal: git cat-file: could not get object info

An existing discussion can be found here: 
https://github.com/git-for-windows/git/issues/1063

The error message results from unpack_object_header_buffer() which had 
its most-recent meaningful change in 'ea4f9685: 
unpack_object_header_buffer(): clear the size field upon error' (in 2011).

In my opinion, the correct thing to do would be to replace all 'unsigned 
long's that refer to an object size and replace them with 'size_t'. 
However, a simple "git grep 'unsigned long size'" reveals 194 results, 
and there are other permutations of names and pointer types all over.

This conversion would be a significant patch, so I wanted to get the 
community's thoughts on this conversion.

If there are small, isolated chunks that can be done safely, then this 
may be a good target for a first patch.

Thanks,

-Stolee