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Subject: Re: [Xen-devel][PATCH 1/1] cameraif: add ABI for para-virtual camera
To: Hans Verkuil <hverkuil@xs4all.nl>,
        "Oleksandr_Andrushchenko@epam.com" <Oleksandr_Andrushchenko@epam.com>,
        xen-devel@lists.xenproject.org, konrad.wilk@oracle.com,
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        linux-media@vger.kernel.org, sakari.ailus@linux.intel.com,
        koji.matsuoka.xm@renesas.com
References: <20180731093142.3828-1-andr2000@gmail.com>
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 <73b69e31-d36d-d89f-20d6-d59dbefe395e@xs4all.nl>
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From: Oleksandr Andrushchenko <andr2000@gmail.com>
Message-ID: <ae111e1d-4ac2-9e68-a4a5-6513650ae37f@gmail.com>
Date: Mon, 10 Sep 2018 14:49:10 +0300
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On 09/10/2018 02:09 PM, Hans Verkuil wrote:
> On 09/10/2018 11:52 AM, Oleksandr Andrushchenko wrote:
>> On 09/10/2018 12:04 PM, Hans Verkuil wrote:
>>> On 09/10/2018 10:24 AM, Oleksandr Andrushchenko wrote:
>>>> On 09/10/2018 10:53 AM, Hans Verkuil wrote:
>>>>> Hi Oleksandr,
>>>>>
>>>>> On 09/10/2018 09:16 AM, Oleksandr Andrushchenko wrote:
>>> <snip>
>>>
>>>>>>> I suspect that you likely will want to support such sources eventually, so
>>>>>>> it pays to design this with that in mind.
>>>>>> Again, I think that this is the backend to hide these
>>>>>> use-cases from the frontend.
>>>>> I'm not sure you can: say you are playing a bluray connected to the system
>>>>> with HDMI, then if there is a resolution change, what do you do? You can tear
>>>>> everything down and build it up again, or you can just tell frontends that
>>>>> something changed and that they have to look at the new vcamera configuration.
>>>>>
>>>>> The latter seems to be more sensible to me. It is really not much that you
>>>>> need to do: all you really need is an event signalling that something changed.
>>>>> In V4L2 that's the V4L2_EVENT_SOURCE_CHANGE.
>>>> well, this complicates things a lot as I'll have to
>>>> re-allocate buffers - right?
>>> Right. Different resolutions means different sized buffers and usually lots of
>>> changes throughout the whole video pipeline, which in this case can even
>>> go into multiple VMs.
>>>
>>> One additional thing to keep in mind for the future: V4L2_EVENT_SOURCE_CHANGE
>>> has a flags field that tells userspace what changed. Right now that is just the
>>> resolution, but in the future you can expect flags for cases where just the
>>> colorspace information changes, but not the resolution.
>>>
>>> Which reminds me of two important missing pieces of information in your protocol:
>>>
>>> 1) You need to communicate the colorspace data:
>>>
>>> - colorspace
>>> - xfer_func
>>> - ycbcr_enc/hsv_enc (unlikely you ever want to support HSV pixelformats, so I
>>>     think you can ignore hsv_enc)
>>> - quantization
>>>
>>> See https://hverkuil.home.xs4all.nl/spec/uapi/v4l/pixfmt-v4l2.html#c.v4l2_pix_format
>>> and the links to the colorspace sections in the V4L2 spec for details).
>>>
>>> This information is part of the format, it is reported by the driver.
>> I'll take a look and think what can be put and how into the protocol,
>> do you think I'll have to implement all the above for
>> this stage?
> Yes. Without it VMs will have no way of knowing how to reproduce the right colors.
> They don't *have* to use this information, but it should be there. For cameras
> this isn't all that important, for SDTV/HDTV sources this becomes more relevant
> (esp. the quantization and ycbcr_enc information) and for sources with BT.2020/HDR
> formats this is critical.
ok, then I'll add the following to the set_config request/response:

     uint32_t colorspace;
     uint32_t xfer_func;
     uint32_t ycbcr_enc;
     uint32_t quantization;

With this respect, I will need to put some OS agnostic constants
into the protocol, so if backend and frontend are not Linux/V4L2
based they can still talk to each other.
I see that V4L2 already defines constants for the above: [1], [2], [3], [4].

Do you think I can define the same replacing V4L2_ prefix
with XENCAMERA_, e.g. V4L2_XFER_FUNC_SRGB -> XENCAMERA_XFER_FUNC_SRGB?

Do I need to define all those or there can be some subset of the
above for my simpler use-case?

> The vivid driver can actually reproduce all combinations, so that's a good driver
> to test this with.
You mean I can use it on backend side instead of real HW camera and
test all the configurations possible/those of interest?
>>> 2) If you support interlaced formats and V4L2_FIELD_ALTERNATE (i.e.
>>>      each buffer contains a single field), then you need to be able to tell
>>>      userspace whether the dequeued buffer contains a top or bottom field.
>> I think at the first stage we can assume that interlaced
>> formats are not supported and add such support later if need be.
> Frankly I consider that a smart move :-) Interlaced formats are awful...
>
> You just have to keep this in mind if you ever have to add support for this.
Agreed
>
>>> Also, what to do with dropped frames/fields: V4L2 has a sequence counter and
>>> timestamp that can help detecting that. You probably need something similar.
>> Ok, this can be reported as part of XENCAMERA_EVT_FRAME_AVAIL event
>>>> But anyways, I can add
>>>> #define XENCAMERA_EVT_CFG_CHANGE       0x01
>>>> in the protocol, so we can address this use-case
>>> <snip>
>>>
>>>>>> 1. set format command:
>>>>>>      * pixel_format - uint32_t, pixel format to be used, FOURCC code.
>>>>>>      * width - uint32_t, width in pixels.
>>>>>>      * height - uint32_t, height in pixels.
>>>>>>
>>>>>> 2. Set frame rate command:
>>>>>>      + * frame_rate_numer - uint32_t, numerator of the frame rate.
>>>>>>      + * frame_rate_denom - uint32_t, denominator of the frame rate.
>>>>>>
>>>>>> 3. Set/request num bufs:
>>>>>>      * num_bufs - uint8_t, desired number of buffers to be used.
>>>>> I like this much better. 1+2 could be combined, but 3 should definitely remain
>>>>> separate.
>>>> ok, then 1+2 combined + 3 separate.
>>>> Do you think we can still name 1+2 as "set_format" or "set_config"
>>>> will fit better?
>>> set_format is closer to S_FMT as used in V4L2, so I have a slight preference
>>> for that, but it is really up to you.
>> I'll probably stick to SET_CONFIG here
>>>>>>>> + *
>>>>>>>> + * See response format for this request.
>>>>>>>> + *
>>>>>>>> + * Notes:
>>>>>>>> + *  - frontend must check the corresponding response in order to see
>>>>>>>> + *    if the values reported back by the backend do match the desired ones
>>>>>>>> + *    and can be accepted.
>>>>>>>> + *  - frontend may send multiple XENCAMERA_OP_SET_CONFIG requests before
>>>>>>>> + *    sending XENCAMERA_OP_STREAM_START request to update or tune the
>>>>>>>> + *    configuration.
>>>>>>>> + */
>>>>>>>> +struct xencamera_config {
>>>>>>>> +    uint32_t pixel_format;
>>>>>>>> +    uint32_t width;
>>>>>>>> +    uint32_t height;
>>>>>>>> +    uint32_t frame_rate_nom;
>>>>>>>> +    uint32_t frame_rate_denom;
>>>>>>>> +    uint8_t num_bufs;
>>>>>>>> +};
>>>>>>>> +
>>>>>>>> +/*
>>>>>>>> + * Request buffer details - request camera buffer's memory layout.
>>>>>>>> + * detailed description:
>>>>>>>> + *         0                1                 2               3        octet
>>>>>>>> + * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
>>>>>>>> + * |               id                |_GET_BUF_DETAILS|   reserved     | 4
>>>>>>>> + * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
>>>>>>>> + * |                              reserved                             | 8
>>>>>>>> + * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
>>>>>>>> + * |/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/|
>>>>>>>> + * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
>>>>>>>> + * |                              reserved                             | 64
>>>>>>>> + * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
>>>>>>>> + *
>>>>>>>> + * See response format for this request.
>>>>>>>> + *
>>>>>>>> + *
>>>>>>>> + * Request camera buffer creation:
>>>>>>>> + *         0                1                 2               3        octet
>>>>>>>> + * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
>>>>>>>> + * |               id                | _OP_BUF_CREATE |   reserved     | 4
>>>>>>>> + * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
>>>>>>>> + * |                             reserved                              | 8
>>>>>>>> + * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
>>>>>>>> + * |      index     |                     reserved                     | 12
>>>>>>>> + * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
>>>>>>>> + * |                           gref_directory                          | 16
>>>>>>>> + * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
>>>>>>>> + * |                             reserved                              | 20
>>>>>>>> + * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
>>>>>>>> + * |/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/|
>>>>>>>> + * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
>>>>>>>> + * |                             reserved                              | 64
>>>>>>>> + * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
>>>>>>>> + *
>>>>>>>> + * An attempt to create multiple buffers with the same index is an error.
>>>>>>>> + * index can be re-used after destroying the corresponding camera buffer.
>>>>>>>> + *
>>>>>>>> + * index - uint8_t, index of the buffer to be created.
>>>>>>>> + * gref_directory - grant_ref_t, a reference to the first shared page
>>>>>>>> + *   describing shared buffer references. The size of the buffer is equal to
>>>>>>>> + *   XENCAMERA_OP_GET_BUF_DETAILS.size response. At least one page exists. If
>>>>>>>> + *   shared buffer size exceeds what can be addressed by this single page,
>>>>>>>> + *   then reference to the next shared page must be supplied (see
>>>>>>>> + *   gref_dir_next_page below).
>>>>>>> It might be better to allocate all buffers in one go, i.e. what VIDIOC_REQBUFS
>>>>>>> does.
>>>>>> Well, I still think it is better to have a per buffer interface
>>>>>> in the protocol as it is done for other Xen virtual devices.
>>>>>> So, I'll keep this as is for now: VIDIOC_REQBUFS can still do
>>>>>> what it does internally in the frontend driver
>>>>> I may have misunderstood the original API. The newly proposed XENCAMERA_OP_BUF_REQUEST
>>>>> maps to REQBUFS, right? And then BUF_CREATE/DESTROY just set up the shared buffer
>>>>> mappings for the buffers created by REQBUFS. If that's the sequence, then it makes
>>>>> sense. I'm not sure about the naming.
>>>>>
>>>>> You might want to make it clear that XENCAMERA_OP_BUF_REQUEST allocates the buffers
>>>>> on the backend, and so can fail. Also, the actual number of allocated buffers in
>>>>> case of success can be more or less than what was requested.
>>>> The buffers can be allocated and shared by either backend or frontend: see
>>>> "be-alloc" configuration option telling which domain (VM) shares
>>>> the Xen grant references to the pages of the buffer: either frontend
>>>> or backend.
>>> If you want to do zero-copy video capture,
>> this is the goal
>>>    then you need to know which
>>> device in your video pipeline (which now covers both actual hardware and
>>> multiple VMs) has the strictest memory layout requirements. Often the
>>> video HW requires contiguous physical memory for the buffers, which means
>>> you can't just give it a piece of non-contig memory allocated elsewhere.
>> We have already implemented zero copying use-cases for
>> virtual display, please see [1] and [2] which are dma-buf
>> based which can cope with real HW restrictions you mention.
>> And in that case we can implement zero-copying both ways,
>> e.g. when the Xen grant references are shared by either
>> backend or frontend. This is different from camera use-cases:
>> a single buffer needs to be shared with multiple frontends,
>> so zero-copying is only possible when backend allocates the references
>> and shares those with frontends. The way when frontend allocates
>> the buffers and still we can implement zero-copying is when
>> there is a single frontend in the system, otherwise we
>> need to copy the images from backend's buffers into frontend's
>> ones.
> OK. The important thing is that you thought about this :-)
Sure, copying kills performance...
>
>>> In practice you have two possible memory models you can use with V4L2 drivers:
>>> MMAP (i.e. allocated by the driver and the buffers can, if needed, be exported
>>> as dmabuf handles with VIDIOC_EXPBUF), or DMABUF where buffers are allocated
>>> elsewhere and imported to V4L2, which may fail if it doesn't match the HW
>>> requirements.
>> For the frontend it is possible to work with both MMAP/DMABUF
>> and the rest is on the backend's side - this was proven by
>> virtual display implementation, so I see no problem here
>> for virtual camera.
>>>> So, I was more thinking that in case of V4L2 based frontend driver:
>>>> 1. Frontend serves REQBUFS ioctl and asks the backend with
>>>> XENCAMERA_OP_BUF_REQUEST
>>>> if it can handle that many buffers and gets number of buffers to be used
>>>> and buffer structure (number of planes, sizes, offsets etc.) as the reply
>>>> to that request
>>>> 2. Frontend creates n buffers with XENCAMERA_OP_BUF_CREATE
>>>> 3. Frontend returns from REQBUFS ioctl with actual number of buffers
>>>> allocated
> Regards,
>
> 	Hans
Thank you,
Oleksandr

[1] 
https://hverkuil.home.xs4all.nl/spec/uapi/v4l/colorspaces-defs.html#c.v4l2_colorspace
[2] 
https://hverkuil.home.xs4all.nl/spec/uapi/v4l/colorspaces-defs.html#c.v4l2_ycbcr_encoding
[3] 
https://hverkuil.home.xs4all.nl/spec/uapi/v4l/colorspaces-defs.html#c.v4l2_quantization
[4] 
https://hverkuil.home.xs4all.nl/spec/uapi/v4l/colorspaces-defs.html#c.v4l2_xfer_func

From mboxrd@z Thu Jan  1 00:00:00 1970
From: Oleksandr Andrushchenko <andr2000@gmail.com>
Subject: Re: [PATCH 1/1] cameraif: add ABI for para-virtual
 camera
Date: Mon, 10 Sep 2018 14:49:10 +0300
Message-ID: <ae111e1d-4ac2-9e68-a4a5-6513650ae37f@gmail.com>
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