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From: Zygo Blaxell <ce3g8jdj@umail.furryterror.org>
To: linux-btrfs@vger.kernel.org
Subject: Reproducer for "compressed data + hole data corruption bug, 2018 edition" still works on 4.20.7
Date: Mon, 11 Feb 2019 22:09:02 -0500	[thread overview]
Message-ID: <20190212030838.GB9995@hungrycats.org> (raw)
In-Reply-To: <20180823031125.GE13528@hungrycats.org>

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Still reproducible on 4.20.7.

The behavior is slightly different on current kernels (4.20.7, 4.14.96)
which makes the problem a bit more difficult to detect.

	# repro-hole-corruption-test
	i: 91, status: 0, bytes_deduped: 131072
	i: 92, status: 0, bytes_deduped: 131072
	i: 93, status: 0, bytes_deduped: 131072
	i: 94, status: 0, bytes_deduped: 131072
	i: 95, status: 0, bytes_deduped: 131072
	i: 96, status: 0, bytes_deduped: 131072
	i: 97, status: 0, bytes_deduped: 131072
	i: 98, status: 0, bytes_deduped: 131072
	i: 99, status: 0, bytes_deduped: 131072
	13107200 total bytes deduped in this operation
	am: 4.8 MiB (4964352 bytes) converted to sparse holes.
	94a8acd3e1f6e14272f3262a8aa73ab6b25c9ce8 am
	6926a34e0ab3e0a023e8ea85a650f5b4217acab4 am
	6926a34e0ab3e0a023e8ea85a650f5b4217acab4 am
	6926a34e0ab3e0a023e8ea85a650f5b4217acab4 am
	6926a34e0ab3e0a023e8ea85a650f5b4217acab4 am
	6926a34e0ab3e0a023e8ea85a650f5b4217acab4 am
	6926a34e0ab3e0a023e8ea85a650f5b4217acab4 am

The sha1sum seems stable after the first drop_caches--until a second
process tries to read the test file:

	6926a34e0ab3e0a023e8ea85a650f5b4217acab4 am
	6926a34e0ab3e0a023e8ea85a650f5b4217acab4 am
	# cat am > /dev/null              (in another shell)
	19294e695272c42edb89ceee24bb08c13473140a am                                                            
	6926a34e0ab3e0a023e8ea85a650f5b4217acab4 am

On Wed, Aug 22, 2018 at 11:11:25PM -0400, Zygo Blaxell wrote:
> This is a repro script for a btrfs bug that causes corrupted data reads
> when reading a mix of compressed extents and holes.  The bug is
> reproducible on at least kernels v4.1..v4.18.
>
> Some more observations and background follow, but first here is the
> script and some sample output:
>
> 	root@rescue:/test# cat repro-hole-corruption-test
> 	#!/bin/bash
>
> 	# Write a 4096 byte block of something
> 	block () { head -c 4096 /dev/zero | tr '\0' "\\$1"; }
>
> 	# Here is some test data with holes in it:
> 	for y in $(seq 0 100); do
> 		for x in 0 1; do
> 			block 0;
> 			block 21;
> 			block 0;
> 			block 22;
> 			block 0;
> 			block 0;
> 			block 43;
> 			block 44;
> 			block 0;
> 			block 0;
> 			block 61;
> 			block 62;
> 			block 63;
> 			block 64;
> 			block 65;
> 			block 66;
> 		done
> 	done > am
> 	sync
>
> 	# Now replace those 101 distinct extents with 101 references to the first extent
> 	btrfs-extent-same 131072 $(for x in $(seq 0 100); do echo am $((x * 131072)); done) 2>&1 | tail
>
> 	# Punch holes into the extent refs
> 	fallocate -v -d am
>
> 	# Do some other stuff on the machine while this runs, and watch the sha1sums change!
> 	while :; do echo $(sha1sum am); sysctl -q vm.drop_caches={1,2,3}; sleep 1; done
>
> 	root@rescue:/test# ./repro-hole-corruption-test
> 	i: 91, status: 0, bytes_deduped: 131072
> 	i: 92, status: 0, bytes_deduped: 131072
> 	i: 93, status: 0, bytes_deduped: 131072
> 	i: 94, status: 0, bytes_deduped: 131072
> 	i: 95, status: 0, bytes_deduped: 131072
> 	i: 96, status: 0, bytes_deduped: 131072
> 	i: 97, status: 0, bytes_deduped: 131072
> 	i: 98, status: 0, bytes_deduped: 131072
> 	i: 99, status: 0, bytes_deduped: 131072
> 	13107200 total bytes deduped in this operation
> 	am: 4.8 MiB (4964352 bytes) converted to sparse holes.
> 	6926a34e0ab3e0a023e8ea85a650f5b4217acab4 am
> 	6926a34e0ab3e0a023e8ea85a650f5b4217acab4 am
> 	6926a34e0ab3e0a023e8ea85a650f5b4217acab4 am
> 	072a152355788c767b97e4e4c0e4567720988b84 am
> 	6926a34e0ab3e0a023e8ea85a650f5b4217acab4 am
> 	6926a34e0ab3e0a023e8ea85a650f5b4217acab4 am
> 	6926a34e0ab3e0a023e8ea85a650f5b4217acab4 am
> 	6926a34e0ab3e0a023e8ea85a650f5b4217acab4 am
> 	6926a34e0ab3e0a023e8ea85a650f5b4217acab4 am
> 	6926a34e0ab3e0a023e8ea85a650f5b4217acab4 am
> 	6926a34e0ab3e0a023e8ea85a650f5b4217acab4 am
> 	6926a34e0ab3e0a023e8ea85a650f5b4217acab4 am
> 	6926a34e0ab3e0a023e8ea85a650f5b4217acab4 am
> 	6926a34e0ab3e0a023e8ea85a650f5b4217acab4 am
> 	6926a34e0ab3e0a023e8ea85a650f5b4217acab4 am
> 	6926a34e0ab3e0a023e8ea85a650f5b4217acab4 am
> 	bf00d862c6ad436a1be2be606a8ab88d22166b89 am
> 	6926a34e0ab3e0a023e8ea85a650f5b4217acab4 am
> 	0d44cdf030fb149e103cfdc164da3da2b7474c17 am
> 	6926a34e0ab3e0a023e8ea85a650f5b4217acab4 am
> 	60831f0e7ffe4b49722612c18685c09f4583b1df am
> 	6926a34e0ab3e0a023e8ea85a650f5b4217acab4 am
> 	6926a34e0ab3e0a023e8ea85a650f5b4217acab4 am
> 	6926a34e0ab3e0a023e8ea85a650f5b4217acab4 am
> 	6926a34e0ab3e0a023e8ea85a650f5b4217acab4 am
> 	a19662b294a3ccdf35dbb18fdd72c62018526d7d am
> 	6926a34e0ab3e0a023e8ea85a650f5b4217acab4 am
> 	6926a34e0ab3e0a023e8ea85a650f5b4217acab4 am
> 	^C
>
> Corruption occurs most often when there is a sequence like this in a file:
>
> 	ref 1: hole
> 	ref 2: extent A, offset 0
> 	ref 3: hole
> 	ref 4: extent A, offset 8192
>
> This scenario typically arises due to hole-punching or deduplication.
> Hole-punching replaces one extent ref with two references to the same
> extent with a hole between them, so:
>
> 	ref 1:  extent A, offset 0, length 16384
>
> becomes:
>
> 	ref 1:  extent A, offset 0, length 4096
> 	ref 2:  hole, length 8192
> 	ref 3:  extent A, offset 12288, length 4096
>
> Deduplication replaces two distinct extent refs surrounding a hole with
> two references to one of the duplicate extents, turning this:
>
> 	ref 1:  extent A, offset 0, length 4096
> 	ref 2:  hole, length 8192
> 	ref 3:  extent B, offset 0, length 4096
>
> into this:
>
> 	ref 1:  extent A, offset 0, length 4096
> 	ref 2:  hole, length 8192
> 	ref 3:  extent A, offset 0, length 4096
>
> Compression is required (zlib, zstd, or lzo) for corruption to occur.
> I am not able to reproduce the issue with an uncompressed extent nor
> have I observed any such corruption in the wild.
>
> The presence or absence of the no-holes filesystem feature has no effect.
>
> Ordinary writes can lead to pairs of extent references to the same extent
> separated by a reference to a different extent; however, in this case
> there is data to be read from a real extent, instead of pages that have
> to be zero filled from a hole.  If ordinary non-hole writes could trigger
> this bug, every page-oriented database engine would be crashing all the
> time on btrfs with compression enabled, and it's unlikely that would not
> have been noticed between 2015 and now.  An ordinary write that splits
> an extent ref would look like this:
>
> 	ref 1:  extent A, offset 0, length 4096
> 	ref 2:  extent C, offset 0, length 8192
> 	ref 3:  extent A, offset 12288, length 4096
>
> Sparse writes can lead to pairs of extent references surrounding a hole;
> however, in this case the extent references will point to different
> extents, avoiding the bug.  If a sparse write could trigger the bug,
> the rsync -S option and qemu/kvm 'raw' disk image files (among many
> other tools that produce sparse files) would be unusable, and it's
> unlikely that would not have been noticed between 2015 and now either.
> Sparse writes look like this:
>
> 	ref 1:  extent A, offset 0, length 4096
> 	ref 2:  hole, length 8192
> 	ref 3:  extent B, offset 0, length 4096
>
> The pattern or timing of read() calls seems to be relevant.  It is very
> hard to see the corruption when reading files with 'hd', but 'cat | hd'
> will see the corruption just fine.  Similar problems exist with 'cmp'
> but not 'sha1sum'.  Two processes reading the same file at the same time
> seem to trigger the corruption very frequently.
>
> Some patterns of holes and data produce corruption faster than others.
> The pattern generated by the script above is based on instances of
> corruption I've found in the wild, and has a much better repro rate than
> random holes.
>
> The corruption occurs during reads, after csum verification and before
> decompression, so btrfs detects no csum failures.  The data on disk
> seems to be OK and could be read correctly once the kernel bug is fixed.
> Repeated reads do eventually return correct data, but there is no way
> for userspace to distinguish between corrupt and correct data reliably.
>
> The corrupted data is usually data replaced by a hole or a copy of other
> blocks in the same extent.
>
> The behavior is similar to some earlier bugs related to holes and
> Compressed data in btrfs, but it's new and not fixed yet--hence,
> "2018 edition."



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  parent reply	other threads:[~2019-02-12  3:09 UTC|newest]

Thread overview: 38+ messages / expand[flat|nested]  mbox.gz  Atom feed  top
2018-08-23  3:11 Reproducer for "compressed data + hole data corruption bug, 2018 editiion" Zygo Blaxell
2018-08-23  5:10 ` Qu Wenruo
2018-08-23 16:44   ` Zygo Blaxell
2018-08-23 23:50     ` Qu Wenruo
2019-02-12  3:09 ` Zygo Blaxell [this message]
2019-02-12 15:33   ` Reproducer for "compressed data + hole data corruption bug, 2018 edition" still works on 4.20.7 Christoph Anton Mitterer
2019-02-12 15:35   ` Filipe Manana
2019-02-12 17:01     ` Zygo Blaxell
2019-02-12 17:56       ` Filipe Manana
2019-02-12 18:13         ` Zygo Blaxell
2019-02-13  7:24           ` Qu Wenruo
2019-02-13 17:36           ` Filipe Manana
2019-02-13 18:14             ` Filipe Manana
2019-02-14  1:22               ` Filipe Manana
2019-02-14  5:00                 ` Zygo Blaxell
2019-02-14 12:21                 ` Christoph Anton Mitterer
2019-02-15  5:40                   ` Zygo Blaxell
2019-03-04 15:34                     ` Christoph Anton Mitterer
2019-03-07 20:07                       ` Zygo Blaxell
2019-03-08 10:37                         ` Filipe Manana
2019-03-14 18:58                           ` Christoph Anton Mitterer
2019-03-14 20:22                           ` Christoph Anton Mitterer
2019-03-14 22:39                             ` Filipe Manana
2019-03-08 12:20                         ` Austin S. Hemmelgarn
2019-03-14 18:58                           ` Christoph Anton Mitterer
2019-03-14 18:58                         ` Christoph Anton Mitterer
2019-03-15  5:28                           ` Zygo Blaxell
2019-03-16 22:11                             ` Christoph Anton Mitterer
2019-03-17  2:54                               ` Zygo Blaxell
2019-02-15 12:02                   ` Filipe Manana
2019-03-04 15:46                     ` Christoph Anton Mitterer
2019-02-12 18:58       ` Andrei Borzenkov
2019-02-12 21:48         ` Chris Murphy
2019-02-12 22:11           ` Zygo Blaxell
2019-02-12 22:53             ` Chris Murphy
2019-02-13  2:46               ` Zygo Blaxell
2019-02-13  7:47   ` Roman Mamedov
2019-02-13  8:04     ` Qu Wenruo

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