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From: Zygo Blaxell <ce3g8jdj@umail.furryterror.org>
To: Filipe Manana <fdmanana@gmail.com>
Cc: linux-btrfs <linux-btrfs@vger.kernel.org>
Subject: Re: Reproducer for "compressed data + hole data corruption bug, 2018 edition" still works on 4.20.7
Date: Tue, 12 Feb 2019 12:01:03 -0500	[thread overview]
Message-ID: <20190212165916.GA23918@hungrycats.org> (raw)
In-Reply-To: <CAL3q7H7T_NX=D8qimRC55g8V-p0k-ygUiW-K5bxF02r-6XT6Rg@mail.gmail.com>

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On Tue, Feb 12, 2019 at 03:35:37PM +0000, Filipe Manana wrote:
> On Tue, Feb 12, 2019 at 3:11 AM Zygo Blaxell
> <ce3g8jdj@umail.furryterror.org> wrote:
> >
> > Still reproducible on 4.20.7.
> 
> I tried your reproducer when you first reported it, on different
> machines with different kernel versions.

That would have been useful to know last August...  :-/

> Never managed to reproduce it, nor see anything obviously wrong in
> relevant code paths.

I built a fresh VM running Debian stretch and
reproduced the issue immediately.  Mount options are
"rw,noatime,compress=zlib,space_cache,subvolid=5,subvol=/".  Kernel is
Debian's "4.9.0-8-amd64" but the bug is old enough that kernel version
probably doesn't matter.

I don't have any configuration that can't reproduce this issue, so I don't
know how to help you.  I've tested AMD and Intel CPUs, VM, baremetal,
hardware ranging in age from 0 to 9 years.  Locally built kernels from
4.1 to 4.20 and the stock Debian kernel (4.9).  SSDs and spinning rust.
All of these reproduce the issue immediately--wrong sha1sum appears in
the first 10 loops.

What is your test environment?  I can try that here.

> >
> > The behavior is slightly different on current kernels (4.20.7, 4.14.96)
> > which makes the problem a bit more difficult to detect.
> >
> >         # repro-hole-corruption-test
> >         i: 91, status: 0, bytes_deduped: 131072
> >         i: 92, status: 0, bytes_deduped: 131072
> >         i: 93, status: 0, bytes_deduped: 131072
> >         i: 94, status: 0, bytes_deduped: 131072
> >         i: 95, status: 0, bytes_deduped: 131072
> >         i: 96, status: 0, bytes_deduped: 131072
> >         i: 97, status: 0, bytes_deduped: 131072
> >         i: 98, status: 0, bytes_deduped: 131072
> >         i: 99, status: 0, bytes_deduped: 131072
> >         13107200 total bytes deduped in this operation
> >         am: 4.8 MiB (4964352 bytes) converted to sparse holes.
> >         94a8acd3e1f6e14272f3262a8aa73ab6b25c9ce8 am
> >         6926a34e0ab3e0a023e8ea85a650f5b4217acab4 am
> >         6926a34e0ab3e0a023e8ea85a650f5b4217acab4 am
> >         6926a34e0ab3e0a023e8ea85a650f5b4217acab4 am
> >         6926a34e0ab3e0a023e8ea85a650f5b4217acab4 am
> >         6926a34e0ab3e0a023e8ea85a650f5b4217acab4 am
> >         6926a34e0ab3e0a023e8ea85a650f5b4217acab4 am
> >
> > The sha1sum seems stable after the first drop_caches--until a second
> > process tries to read the test file:
> >
> >         6926a34e0ab3e0a023e8ea85a650f5b4217acab4 am
> >         6926a34e0ab3e0a023e8ea85a650f5b4217acab4 am
> >         # cat am > /dev/null              (in another shell)
> >         19294e695272c42edb89ceee24bb08c13473140a am
> >         6926a34e0ab3e0a023e8ea85a650f5b4217acab4 am
> >
> > On Wed, Aug 22, 2018 at 11:11:25PM -0400, Zygo Blaxell wrote:
> > > This is a repro script for a btrfs bug that causes corrupted data reads
> > > when reading a mix of compressed extents and holes.  The bug is
> > > reproducible on at least kernels v4.1..v4.18.
> > >
> > > Some more observations and background follow, but first here is the
> > > script and some sample output:
> > >
> > >       root@rescue:/test# cat repro-hole-corruption-test
> > >       #!/bin/bash
> > >
> > >       # Write a 4096 byte block of something
> > >       block () { head -c 4096 /dev/zero | tr '\0' "\\$1"; }
> > >
> > >       # Here is some test data with holes in it:
> > >       for y in $(seq 0 100); do
> > >               for x in 0 1; do
> > >                       block 0;
> > >                       block 21;
> > >                       block 0;
> > >                       block 22;
> > >                       block 0;
> > >                       block 0;
> > >                       block 43;
> > >                       block 44;
> > >                       block 0;
> > >                       block 0;
> > >                       block 61;
> > >                       block 62;
> > >                       block 63;
> > >                       block 64;
> > >                       block 65;
> > >                       block 66;
> > >               done
> > >       done > am
> > >       sync
> > >
> > >       # Now replace those 101 distinct extents with 101 references to the first extent
> > >       btrfs-extent-same 131072 $(for x in $(seq 0 100); do echo am $((x * 131072)); done) 2>&1 | tail
> > >
> > >       # Punch holes into the extent refs
> > >       fallocate -v -d am
> > >
> > >       # Do some other stuff on the machine while this runs, and watch the sha1sums change!
> > >       while :; do echo $(sha1sum am); sysctl -q vm.drop_caches={1,2,3}; sleep 1; done
> > >
> > >       root@rescue:/test# ./repro-hole-corruption-test
> > >       i: 91, status: 0, bytes_deduped: 131072
> > >       i: 92, status: 0, bytes_deduped: 131072
> > >       i: 93, status: 0, bytes_deduped: 131072
> > >       i: 94, status: 0, bytes_deduped: 131072
> > >       i: 95, status: 0, bytes_deduped: 131072
> > >       i: 96, status: 0, bytes_deduped: 131072
> > >       i: 97, status: 0, bytes_deduped: 131072
> > >       i: 98, status: 0, bytes_deduped: 131072
> > >       i: 99, status: 0, bytes_deduped: 131072
> > >       13107200 total bytes deduped in this operation
> > >       am: 4.8 MiB (4964352 bytes) converted to sparse holes.
> > >       6926a34e0ab3e0a023e8ea85a650f5b4217acab4 am
> > >       6926a34e0ab3e0a023e8ea85a650f5b4217acab4 am
> > >       6926a34e0ab3e0a023e8ea85a650f5b4217acab4 am
> > >       072a152355788c767b97e4e4c0e4567720988b84 am
> > >       6926a34e0ab3e0a023e8ea85a650f5b4217acab4 am
> > >       6926a34e0ab3e0a023e8ea85a650f5b4217acab4 am
> > >       6926a34e0ab3e0a023e8ea85a650f5b4217acab4 am
> > >       6926a34e0ab3e0a023e8ea85a650f5b4217acab4 am
> > >       6926a34e0ab3e0a023e8ea85a650f5b4217acab4 am
> > >       6926a34e0ab3e0a023e8ea85a650f5b4217acab4 am
> > >       6926a34e0ab3e0a023e8ea85a650f5b4217acab4 am
> > >       6926a34e0ab3e0a023e8ea85a650f5b4217acab4 am
> > >       6926a34e0ab3e0a023e8ea85a650f5b4217acab4 am
> > >       6926a34e0ab3e0a023e8ea85a650f5b4217acab4 am
> > >       6926a34e0ab3e0a023e8ea85a650f5b4217acab4 am
> > >       6926a34e0ab3e0a023e8ea85a650f5b4217acab4 am
> > >       bf00d862c6ad436a1be2be606a8ab88d22166b89 am
> > >       6926a34e0ab3e0a023e8ea85a650f5b4217acab4 am
> > >       0d44cdf030fb149e103cfdc164da3da2b7474c17 am
> > >       6926a34e0ab3e0a023e8ea85a650f5b4217acab4 am
> > >       60831f0e7ffe4b49722612c18685c09f4583b1df am
> > >       6926a34e0ab3e0a023e8ea85a650f5b4217acab4 am
> > >       6926a34e0ab3e0a023e8ea85a650f5b4217acab4 am
> > >       6926a34e0ab3e0a023e8ea85a650f5b4217acab4 am
> > >       6926a34e0ab3e0a023e8ea85a650f5b4217acab4 am
> > >       a19662b294a3ccdf35dbb18fdd72c62018526d7d am
> > >       6926a34e0ab3e0a023e8ea85a650f5b4217acab4 am
> > >       6926a34e0ab3e0a023e8ea85a650f5b4217acab4 am
> > >       ^C
> > >
> > > Corruption occurs most often when there is a sequence like this in a file:
> > >
> > >       ref 1: hole
> > >       ref 2: extent A, offset 0
> > >       ref 3: hole
> > >       ref 4: extent A, offset 8192
> > >
> > > This scenario typically arises due to hole-punching or deduplication.
> > > Hole-punching replaces one extent ref with two references to the same
> > > extent with a hole between them, so:
> > >
> > >       ref 1:  extent A, offset 0, length 16384
> > >
> > > becomes:
> > >
> > >       ref 1:  extent A, offset 0, length 4096
> > >       ref 2:  hole, length 8192
> > >       ref 3:  extent A, offset 12288, length 4096
> > >
> > > Deduplication replaces two distinct extent refs surrounding a hole with
> > > two references to one of the duplicate extents, turning this:
> > >
> > >       ref 1:  extent A, offset 0, length 4096
> > >       ref 2:  hole, length 8192
> > >       ref 3:  extent B, offset 0, length 4096
> > >
> > > into this:
> > >
> > >       ref 1:  extent A, offset 0, length 4096
> > >       ref 2:  hole, length 8192
> > >       ref 3:  extent A, offset 0, length 4096
> > >
> > > Compression is required (zlib, zstd, or lzo) for corruption to occur.
> > > I am not able to reproduce the issue with an uncompressed extent nor
> > > have I observed any such corruption in the wild.
> > >
> > > The presence or absence of the no-holes filesystem feature has no effect.
> > >
> > > Ordinary writes can lead to pairs of extent references to the same extent
> > > separated by a reference to a different extent; however, in this case
> > > there is data to be read from a real extent, instead of pages that have
> > > to be zero filled from a hole.  If ordinary non-hole writes could trigger
> > > this bug, every page-oriented database engine would be crashing all the
> > > time on btrfs with compression enabled, and it's unlikely that would not
> > > have been noticed between 2015 and now.  An ordinary write that splits
> > > an extent ref would look like this:
> > >
> > >       ref 1:  extent A, offset 0, length 4096
> > >       ref 2:  extent C, offset 0, length 8192
> > >       ref 3:  extent A, offset 12288, length 4096
> > >
> > > Sparse writes can lead to pairs of extent references surrounding a hole;
> > > however, in this case the extent references will point to different
> > > extents, avoiding the bug.  If a sparse write could trigger the bug,
> > > the rsync -S option and qemu/kvm 'raw' disk image files (among many
> > > other tools that produce sparse files) would be unusable, and it's
> > > unlikely that would not have been noticed between 2015 and now either.
> > > Sparse writes look like this:
> > >
> > >       ref 1:  extent A, offset 0, length 4096
> > >       ref 2:  hole, length 8192
> > >       ref 3:  extent B, offset 0, length 4096
> > >
> > > The pattern or timing of read() calls seems to be relevant.  It is very
> > > hard to see the corruption when reading files with 'hd', but 'cat | hd'
> > > will see the corruption just fine.  Similar problems exist with 'cmp'
> > > but not 'sha1sum'.  Two processes reading the same file at the same time
> > > seem to trigger the corruption very frequently.
> > >
> > > Some patterns of holes and data produce corruption faster than others.
> > > The pattern generated by the script above is based on instances of
> > > corruption I've found in the wild, and has a much better repro rate than
> > > random holes.
> > >
> > > The corruption occurs during reads, after csum verification and before
> > > decompression, so btrfs detects no csum failures.  The data on disk
> > > seems to be OK and could be read correctly once the kernel bug is fixed.
> > > Repeated reads do eventually return correct data, but there is no way
> > > for userspace to distinguish between corrupt and correct data reliably.
> > >
> > > The corrupted data is usually data replaced by a hole or a copy of other
> > > blocks in the same extent.
> > >
> > > The behavior is similar to some earlier bugs related to holes and
> > > Compressed data in btrfs, but it's new and not fixed yet--hence,
> > > "2018 edition."
> >
> >
> 
> 
> -- 
> Filipe David Manana,
> 
> “Whether you think you can, or you think you can't — you're right.”
> 

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  reply	other threads:[~2019-02-12 17:01 UTC|newest]

Thread overview: 38+ messages / expand[flat|nested]  mbox.gz  Atom feed  top
2018-08-23  3:11 Reproducer for "compressed data + hole data corruption bug, 2018 editiion" Zygo Blaxell
2018-08-23  5:10 ` Qu Wenruo
2018-08-23 16:44   ` Zygo Blaxell
2018-08-23 23:50     ` Qu Wenruo
2019-02-12  3:09 ` Reproducer for "compressed data + hole data corruption bug, 2018 edition" still works on 4.20.7 Zygo Blaxell
2019-02-12 15:33   ` Christoph Anton Mitterer
2019-02-12 15:35   ` Filipe Manana
2019-02-12 17:01     ` Zygo Blaxell [this message]
2019-02-12 17:56       ` Filipe Manana
2019-02-12 18:13         ` Zygo Blaxell
2019-02-13  7:24           ` Qu Wenruo
2019-02-13 17:36           ` Filipe Manana
2019-02-13 18:14             ` Filipe Manana
2019-02-14  1:22               ` Filipe Manana
2019-02-14  5:00                 ` Zygo Blaxell
2019-02-14 12:21                 ` Christoph Anton Mitterer
2019-02-15  5:40                   ` Zygo Blaxell
2019-03-04 15:34                     ` Christoph Anton Mitterer
2019-03-07 20:07                       ` Zygo Blaxell
2019-03-08 10:37                         ` Filipe Manana
2019-03-14 18:58                           ` Christoph Anton Mitterer
2019-03-14 20:22                           ` Christoph Anton Mitterer
2019-03-14 22:39                             ` Filipe Manana
2019-03-08 12:20                         ` Austin S. Hemmelgarn
2019-03-14 18:58                           ` Christoph Anton Mitterer
2019-03-14 18:58                         ` Christoph Anton Mitterer
2019-03-15  5:28                           ` Zygo Blaxell
2019-03-16 22:11                             ` Christoph Anton Mitterer
2019-03-17  2:54                               ` Zygo Blaxell
2019-02-15 12:02                   ` Filipe Manana
2019-03-04 15:46                     ` Christoph Anton Mitterer
2019-02-12 18:58       ` Andrei Borzenkov
2019-02-12 21:48         ` Chris Murphy
2019-02-12 22:11           ` Zygo Blaxell
2019-02-12 22:53             ` Chris Murphy
2019-02-13  2:46               ` Zygo Blaxell
2019-02-13  7:47   ` Roman Mamedov
2019-02-13  8:04     ` Qu Wenruo

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