From: "ying.huang@intel.com" <ying.huang@intel.com>
To: Hesham Almatary <hesham.almatary@huawei.com>,
Alistair Popple <apopple@nvidia.com>
Cc: Wei Xu <weixugc@google.com>,
Aneesh Kumar K V <aneesh.kumar@linux.ibm.com>,
Yang Shi <shy828301@gmail.com>,
Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>,
Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@linux.intel.com>,
Dan Williams <dan.j.williams@intel.com>,
Linux MM <linux-mm@kvack.org>, Greg Thelen <gthelen@google.com>,
Jagdish Gediya <jvgediya@linux.ibm.com>,
Linux Kernel Mailing List <linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org>,
Davidlohr Bueso <dave@stgolabs.net>,
Michal Hocko <mhocko@kernel.org>,
Baolin Wang <baolin.wang@linux.alibaba.com>,
Brice Goglin <brice.goglin@gmail.com>,
Feng Tang <feng.tang@intel.com>,
Tim Chen <tim.c.chen@linux.intel.com>
Subject: Re: RFC: Memory Tiering Kernel Interfaces
Date: Thu, 12 May 2022 11:02:43 +0800 [thread overview]
Message-ID: <28e1f3861eb4d01ef914cd456f8de334b8beb719.camel@intel.com> (raw)
In-Reply-To: <20220511100527.00007bc2@huawei.com>
On Wed, 2022-05-11 at 10:05 +0100, Hesham Almatary wrote:
> On Wed, 11 May 2022 17:12:34 +1000
> Alistair Popple <apopple@nvidia.com> wrote:
>
> >
> > Wei Xu <weixugc@google.com> writes:
> >
> > > On Tue, May 10, 2022 at 5:10 AM Aneesh Kumar K V
> > > <aneesh.kumar@linux.ibm.com> wrote:
> > > >
> > > > On 5/10/22 3:29 PM, Hesham Almatary wrote:
> > > > > Hello Yang,
> > > > >
> > > > > On 5/10/2022 4:24 AM, Yang Shi wrote:
> > > > > > On Mon, May 9, 2022 at 7:32 AM Hesham Almatary
> > > > > > <hesham.almatary@huawei.com> wrote:
> > > >
> > > >
> > > > ...
> > > >
> > > > > > >
> > > > > > > node 0 has a CPU and DDR memory in tier 0, node 1 has GPU and
> > > > > > > DDR memory in tier 0,
> > > > > > > node 2 has NVMM memory in tier 1, node 3 has some sort of
> > > > > > > bigger memory (could be a bigger DDR or something) in tier 2.
> > > > > > > The distances are as follows:
> > > > > > >
> > > > > > > -------------- --------------
> > > > > > > > Node 0 | | Node 1 |
> > > > > > > > ------- | | ------- |
> > > > > > > > > DDR | | | | DDR | |
> > > > > > > > ------- | | ------- |
> > > > > > > > | | |
> > > > > > > -------------- --------------
> > > > > > > | 20 | 120 |
> > > > > > > v v |
> > > > > > > ---------------------------- |
> > > > > > > > Node 2 PMEM | | 100
> > > > > > > ---------------------------- |
> > > > > > > | 100 |
> > > > > > > v v
> > > > > > > --------------------------------------
> > > > > > > > Node 3 Large mem |
> > > > > > > --------------------------------------
> > > > > > >
> > > > > > > node distances:
> > > > > > > node 0 1 2 3
> > > > > > > 0 10 20 20 120
> > > > > > > 1 20 10 120 100
> > > > > > > 2 20 120 10 100
> > > > > > > 3 120 100 100 10
> > > > > > >
> > > > > > > /sys/devices/system/node/memory_tiers
> > > > > > > 0-1
> > > > > > > 2
> > > > > > > 3
> > > > > > >
> > > > > > > N_TOPTIER_MEMORY: 0-1
> > > > > > >
> > > > > > >
> > > > > > > In this case, we want to be able to "skip" the demotion path
> > > > > > > from Node 1 to Node 2,
> > > > > > >
> > > > > > > and make demotion go directely to Node 3 as it is closer,
> > > > > > > distance wise. How can
> > > > > > >
> > > > > > > we accommodate this scenario (or at least not rule it out as
> > > > > > > future work) with the
> > > > > > >
> > > > > > > current RFC?
> > > > > > If I remember correctly NUMA distance is hardcoded in SLIT by
> > > > > > the firmware, it is supposed to reflect the latency. So I
> > > > > > suppose it is the firmware's responsibility to have correct
> > > > > > information. And the RFC assumes higher tier memory has better
> > > > > > performance than lower tier memory (latency, bandwidth,
> > > > > > throughput, etc), so it sounds like a buggy firmware to have
> > > > > > lower tier memory with shorter distance than higher tier memory
> > > > > > IMHO.
> > > > >
> > > > > You are correct if you're assuming the topology is all
> > > > > hierarchically
> > > > >
> > > > > symmetric, but unfortuantely, in real hardware (e.g., my example
> > > > > above)
> > > > >
> > > > > it is not. The distance/latency between two nodes in the same
> > > > > tier
> > > > >
> > > > > and a third node, is different. The firmware still provides the
> > > > > correct
> > > > >
> > > > > latency, but putting a node in a tier is up to the kernel/user,
> > > > > and
> > > > >
> > > > > is relative: e.g., Node 3 could belong to tier 1 from Node 1's
> > > > >
> > > > > perspective, but to tier 2 from Node 0's.
> > > > >
> > > > >
> > > > > A more detailed example (building on my previous one) is when
> > > > > having
> > > > >
> > > > > the GPU connected to a switch:
> > > > >
> > > > > ----------------------------
> > > > > > Node 2 PMEM |
> > > > > ----------------------------
> > > > > ^
> > > > > |
> > > > > -------------- --------------
> > > > > > Node 0 | | Node 1 |
> > > > > > ------- | | ------- |
> > > > > > > DDR | | | | DDR | |
> > > > > > ------- | | ------- |
> > > > > > CPU | | GPU |
> > > > > -------------- --------------
> > > > > | |
> > > > > v v
> > > > > ----------------------------
> > > > > > Switch |
> > > > > ----------------------------
> > > > > |
> > > > > v
> > > > > --------------------------------------
> > > > > > Node 3 Large mem |
> > > > > --------------------------------------
> > > > >
> > > > > Here, demoting from Node 1 to Node 3 directly would be faster as
> > > > >
> > > > > it only has to go through one hub, compared to demoting from
> > > > > Node 1
> > > > >
> > > > > to Node 2, where it goes through two hubs. I hope that example
> > > > >
> > > > > clarifies things a little bit.
> > > > >
> > > >
> > > > Alistair mentioned that we want to consider GPU memory to be
> > > > expensive and want to demote from GPU to regular DRAM. In that
> > > > case for the above case we should end up with
> > > >
> > > >
> > > > tier 0 - > Node3
> > > > tier 1 -> Node0, Node1
> > > > tier 2 -> Node2
> >
> > I'm a little bit confused by the tiering here as I don't think it's
> > quite what we want. As pointed out GPU memory is expensive and
> > therefore we don't want anything demoting to it. That implies it
> > should be in the top tier:
> >
> > tier 0 -> Node1
> > tier 1 -> Node0, Node3
> > tier 2 -> Node2
> >
> > Hence:
> >
> > node 0: allowed=2
> > node 1: allowed=0,3,2
> > node 2: allowed=empty
> > node 3: allowed=2
> >
> > Alternatively Node3 could be put in tier 2 which would prevent
> > demotion to PMEM via the switch/CPU:
> >
> > tier 0 -> Node1
> > tier 1 -> Node0
> > tier 2 -> Node2, Node3
> >
> > node 0: allowed=2,3
> > node 1: allowed=0,3,2
> > node 2: allowed=empty
> > node 3: allowed=empty
> >
> Indeed. The scenario I described here is where the GPU can't/don't
> demote to PMEM, but the CPU can. In this case it would work fine if we
> put the GPU (Node 1) in tier 0, and rely on the fallback order.
>
We can also try to enforce this with NUMA policy and cpusets together
with memory tier. We have not only one weapon.
Best Regards,
Huang, Ying
> > Both of these would be an improvement over the current situation
> > upstream, which demotes everything to GPU memory and doesn't support
> > demoting from the GPU (meaning reclaim on GPU memory pages everything
> > to disk).
> >
> > > >
> > > > Hence
> > > >
> > > > node 0: allowed=2
> > > > node 1: allowed=2
> > > > node 2: allowed = empty
> > > > node 3: allowed = 0-1 , based on fallback order 1, 0
> > >
> > > If we have 3 tiers as defined above, then we'd better to have:
> > >
> > > node 0: allowed = 2
> > > node 1: allowed = 2
> > > node 2: allowed = empty
> > > node 3: allowed = 0-2, based on fallback order: 1,0,2
> > >
> > > The firmware should provide the node distance values to reflect that
> > > PMEM is slowest and should have the largest distance away from node
> > > 3.
> >
> > Right. In my above example firmware would have to provide reasonable
> > distance values to ensure optimal fallback order.
> >
> > > > -aneesh
> > > >
> > > >
>
next prev parent reply other threads:[~2022-05-12 3:02 UTC|newest]
Thread overview: 57+ messages / expand[flat|nested] mbox.gz Atom feed top
2022-04-30 2:10 RFC: Memory Tiering Kernel Interfaces Wei Xu
2022-04-30 3:59 ` Yang Shi
2022-04-30 6:37 ` Wei Xu
2022-05-06 0:01 ` Alistair Popple
2022-05-10 4:32 ` Wei Xu
2022-05-10 5:37 ` Alistair Popple
2022-05-10 11:38 ` Aneesh Kumar K.V
2022-05-11 5:30 ` Wei Xu
2022-05-11 7:34 ` Alistair Popple
2022-05-11 7:49 ` ying.huang
2022-05-11 17:07 ` Wei Xu
2022-05-12 1:42 ` ying.huang
2022-05-12 2:39 ` Wei Xu
2022-05-12 3:13 ` ying.huang
2022-05-12 3:37 ` Wei Xu
2022-05-12 6:24 ` Wei Xu
2022-05-06 18:56 ` Yang Shi
2022-05-09 14:32 ` Hesham Almatary
2022-05-10 3:24 ` Yang Shi
2022-05-10 9:59 ` Hesham Almatary
2022-05-10 12:10 ` Aneesh Kumar K V
2022-05-11 5:42 ` Wei Xu
2022-05-11 7:12 ` Alistair Popple
2022-05-11 9:05 ` Hesham Almatary
2022-05-12 3:02 ` ying.huang [this message]
2022-05-12 4:40 ` Aneesh Kumar K V
2022-05-12 4:49 ` Wei Xu
2022-05-10 4:22 ` Wei Xu
2022-05-10 10:01 ` Hesham Almatary
2022-05-10 11:44 ` Aneesh Kumar K.V
2022-05-01 18:35 ` Dan Williams
2022-05-03 6:36 ` Wei Xu
2022-05-06 19:05 ` Yang Shi
2022-05-07 7:56 ` ying.huang
2022-05-01 17:58 ` Davidlohr Bueso
2022-05-02 1:04 ` David Rientjes
2022-05-02 7:23 ` Aneesh Kumar K.V
2022-05-03 2:07 ` Baolin Wang
2022-05-03 6:06 ` Wei Xu
2022-05-03 17:14 ` Alistair Popple
2022-05-03 17:47 ` Dave Hansen
2022-05-03 22:35 ` Alistair Popple
2022-05-03 23:54 ` Dave Hansen
2022-05-04 1:31 ` Wei Xu
2022-05-04 17:02 ` Dave Hansen
2022-05-05 6:35 ` Wei Xu
2022-05-05 14:24 ` Dave Hansen
2022-05-10 4:43 ` Wei Xu
2022-05-02 6:25 ` Aneesh Kumar K.V
2022-05-03 7:02 ` Wei Xu
2022-05-02 15:20 ` Dave Hansen
2022-05-03 7:19 ` Wei Xu
2022-05-03 19:12 ` Tim Chen
2022-05-05 7:02 ` Wei Xu
2022-05-05 8:57 ` ying.huang
2022-05-05 23:57 ` Alistair Popple
2022-05-06 0:25 ` Alistair Popple
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