From: Changbin Du <changbin.du@gmail.com>
To: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>
Cc: Bjorn Helgaas <bhelgaas@google.com>,
rjw@rjwysocki.net, linux-pci@vger.kernel.org,
linux-doc@vger.kernel.org, linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org,
tglx@linutronix.de, mingo@redhat.com, x86@kernel.org,
fenghua.yu@intel.com, linuxppc-dev@lists.ozlabs.org,
linux-acpi@vger.kernel.org, linux-gpio@vger.kernel.org,
mchehab+samsung@kernel.org, Changbin Du <changbin.du@gmail.com>
Subject: [PATCH v4 51/63] Documentation: x86: convert pti.txt to reST
Date: Wed, 24 Apr 2019 00:29:20 +0800 [thread overview]
Message-ID: <20190423162932.21428-52-changbin.du@gmail.com> (raw)
In-Reply-To: <20190423162932.21428-1-changbin.du@gmail.com>
This converts the plain text documentation to reStructuredText format and
add it to Sphinx TOC tree. No essential content change.
Signed-off-by: Changbin Du <changbin.du@gmail.com>
---
Documentation/x86/index.rst | 1 +
Documentation/x86/{pti.txt => pti.rst} | 19 ++++++++++++++-----
2 files changed, 15 insertions(+), 5 deletions(-)
rename Documentation/x86/{pti.txt => pti.rst} (95%)
diff --git a/Documentation/x86/index.rst b/Documentation/x86/index.rst
index a0426ab156bd..1c675cef14d7 100644
--- a/Documentation/x86/index.rst
+++ b/Documentation/x86/index.rst
@@ -21,3 +21,4 @@ Linux x86 Support
protection-keys
intel_mpx
amd-memory-encryption
+ pti
diff --git a/Documentation/x86/pti.txt b/Documentation/x86/pti.rst
similarity index 95%
rename from Documentation/x86/pti.txt
rename to Documentation/x86/pti.rst
index 5cd58439ad2d..44b98f99ca8a 100644
--- a/Documentation/x86/pti.txt
+++ b/Documentation/x86/pti.rst
@@ -1,9 +1,15 @@
+.. SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
+
+==========================
+Page Table Isolation (PTI)
+==========================
+
Overview
========
-Page Table Isolation (pti, previously known as KAISER[1]) is a
+Page Table Isolation (pti, previously known as KAISER [1]_) is a
countermeasure against attacks on the shared user/kernel address
-space such as the "Meltdown" approach[2].
+space such as the "Meltdown" approach [2]_.
To mitigate this class of attacks, we create an independent set of
page tables for use only when running userspace applications. When
@@ -60,6 +66,7 @@ Protection against side-channel attacks is important. But,
this protection comes at a cost:
1. Increased Memory Use
+
a. Each process now needs an order-1 PGD instead of order-0.
(Consumes an additional 4k per process).
b. The 'cpu_entry_area' structure must be 2MB in size and 2MB
@@ -68,6 +75,7 @@ this protection comes at a cost:
is decompressed, but no space in the kernel image itself.
2. Runtime Cost
+
a. CR3 manipulation to switch between the page table copies
must be done at interrupt, syscall, and exception entry
and exit (it can be skipped when the kernel is interrupted,
@@ -142,8 +150,9 @@ ideally doing all of these in parallel:
interrupted, including nested NMIs. Using "-c" boosts the rate of
NMIs, and using two -c with separate counters encourages nested NMIs
and less deterministic behavior.
+ ::
- while true; do perf record -c 10000 -e instructions,cycles -a sleep 10; done
+ while true; do perf record -c 10000 -e instructions,cycles -a sleep 10; done
4. Launch a KVM virtual machine.
5. Run 32-bit binaries on systems supporting the SYSCALL instruction.
@@ -182,5 +191,5 @@ that are worth noting here.
tended to be TLB invalidation issues. Usually invalidating
the wrong PCID, or otherwise missing an invalidation.
-1. https://gruss.cc/files/kaiser.pdf
-2. https://meltdownattack.com/meltdown.pdf
+.. [1] https://gruss.cc/files/kaiser.pdf
+.. [2] https://meltdownattack.com/meltdown.pdf
--
2.20.1
next prev parent reply other threads:[~2019-04-23 16:40 UTC|newest]
Thread overview: 123+ messages / expand[flat|nested] mbox.gz Atom feed top
2019-04-23 16:28 [PATCH v4 00/63] Include linux ACPI/PCI/X86 docs into Sphinx TOC tree Changbin Du
2019-04-23 16:28 ` [PATCH v4 01/63] Documentation: add Linux ACPI to " Changbin Du
2019-04-23 20:39 ` Mauro Carvalho Chehab
2019-04-23 16:28 ` [PATCH v4 02/63] Documentation: ACPI: move namespace.txt to firmware-guide/acpi and convert to reST Changbin Du
2019-04-23 20:38 ` Mauro Carvalho Chehab
2019-04-24 16:09 ` Changbin Du
2019-04-23 16:28 ` [PATCH v4 03/63] Documentation: ACPI: move enumeration.txt " Changbin Du
2019-04-23 20:42 ` Mauro Carvalho Chehab
2019-04-23 16:28 ` [PATCH v4 04/63] Documentation: ACPI: move osi.txt " Changbin Du
2019-04-23 20:44 ` Mauro Carvalho Chehab
2019-04-23 16:28 ` [PATCH v4 05/63] Documentation: ACPI: move linuxized-acpica.txt to driver-api/acpi " Changbin Du
2019-04-23 20:50 ` Mauro Carvalho Chehab
2019-04-24 16:15 ` Changbin Du
2019-04-23 16:28 ` [PATCH v4 06/63] Documentation: ACPI: move scan_handlers.txt " Changbin Du
2019-04-23 20:51 ` Mauro Carvalho Chehab
2019-04-23 16:28 ` [PATCH v4 07/63] Documentation: ACPI: move DSD-properties-rules.txt to firmware-guide/acpi and covert " Changbin Du
2019-04-23 20:52 ` Mauro Carvalho Chehab
2019-04-23 16:28 ` [PATCH v4 08/63] Documentation: ACPI: move gpio-properties.txt to firmware-guide/acpi and convert " Changbin Du
2019-04-23 20:55 ` Mauro Carvalho Chehab
2019-04-24 16:21 ` Changbin Du
2019-04-23 16:28 ` [PATCH v4 09/63] Documentation: ACPI: move method-customizing.txt " Changbin Du
2019-04-23 21:03 ` Mauro Carvalho Chehab
2019-04-24 16:28 ` Changbin Du
2019-04-24 17:53 ` Mauro Carvalho Chehab
2019-04-23 16:28 ` [PATCH v4 10/63] Documentation: ACPI: move initrd_table_override.txt to admin-guide/acpi " Changbin Du
2019-04-23 21:07 ` Mauro Carvalho Chehab
2019-04-24 16:33 ` Changbin Du
2019-04-23 16:28 ` [PATCH v4 11/63] Documentation: ACPI: move dsdt-override.txt " Changbin Du
2019-04-23 21:08 ` Mauro Carvalho Chehab
2019-04-23 16:28 ` [PATCH v4 12/63] Documentation: ACPI: move i2c-muxes.txt to firmware-guide/acpi " Changbin Du
2019-04-23 21:09 ` Mauro Carvalho Chehab
2019-04-23 16:28 ` [PATCH v4 13/63] Documentation: ACPI: move acpi-lid.txt " Changbin Du
2019-04-23 21:12 ` Mauro Carvalho Chehab
2019-04-23 16:28 ` [PATCH v4 14/63] Documentation: ACPI: move dsd/graph.txt " Changbin Du
2019-04-23 21:14 ` Mauro Carvalho Chehab
2019-04-23 16:28 ` [PATCH v4 15/63] Documentation: ACPI: move dsd/data-node-references.txt " Changbin Du
2019-04-23 21:17 ` Mauro Carvalho Chehab
2019-04-24 16:44 ` Changbin Du
2019-04-23 16:28 ` [PATCH v4 16/63] Documentation: ACPI: move debug.txt " Changbin Du
2019-04-23 21:21 ` Mauro Carvalho Chehab
2019-04-23 16:28 ` [PATCH v4 17/63] Documentation: ACPI: move method-tracing.txt to firmware-guide/acpi and convert to rsST Changbin Du
2019-04-24 14:26 ` Mauro Carvalho Chehab
2019-04-24 16:55 ` Changbin Du
2019-04-23 16:28 ` [PATCH v4 18/63] Documentation: ACPI: move aml-debugger.txt to firmware-guide/acpi and convert to reST Changbin Du
2019-04-24 14:28 ` Mauro Carvalho Chehab
2019-04-23 16:28 ` [PATCH v4 19/63] Documentation: ACPI: move apei/output_format.txt " Changbin Du
2019-04-24 14:29 ` Mauro Carvalho Chehab
2019-04-23 16:28 ` [PATCH v4 20/63] Documentation: ACPI: move apei/einj.txt " Changbin Du
2019-04-24 14:33 ` Mauro Carvalho Chehab
2019-04-24 17:12 ` Changbin Du
2019-04-23 16:28 ` [PATCH v4 21/63] Documentation: ACPI: move cppc_sysfs.txt to admin-guide/acpi " Changbin Du
2019-04-24 14:48 ` Mauro Carvalho Chehab
2019-04-24 17:22 ` Changbin Du
2019-04-24 18:04 ` Mauro Carvalho Chehab
2019-04-23 16:28 ` [PATCH v4 22/63] Documentation: ACPI: move lpit.txt to firmware-guide/acpi " Changbin Du
2019-04-24 14:49 ` Mauro Carvalho Chehab
2019-04-23 16:28 ` [PATCH v4 23/63] Documentation: ACPI: move ssdt-overlays.txt to admin-guide/acpi " Changbin Du
2019-04-24 14:51 ` Mauro Carvalho Chehab
2019-04-23 16:28 ` [PATCH v4 24/63] Documentation: ACPI: move video_extension.txt to firmware-guide/acpi " Changbin Du
2019-04-24 14:56 ` Mauro Carvalho Chehab
2019-04-24 17:31 ` Changbin Du
2019-04-23 16:28 ` [PATCH v4 25/63] Documentation: add Linux PCI to Sphinx TOC tree Changbin Du
2019-04-24 15:03 ` Mauro Carvalho Chehab
2019-04-25 15:42 ` Changbin Du
2019-04-23 16:28 ` [PATCH v4 26/63] Documentation: PCI: convert pci.txt to reST Changbin Du
2019-04-24 15:20 ` Mauro Carvalho Chehab
2019-04-23 16:28 ` [PATCH v4 27/63] Documentation: PCI: convert PCIEBUS-HOWTO.txt " Changbin Du
2019-04-24 15:23 ` Mauro Carvalho Chehab
2019-04-23 16:28 ` [PATCH v4 28/63] Documentation: PCI: convert pci-iov-howto.txt " Changbin Du
2019-04-24 15:25 ` Mauro Carvalho Chehab
2019-04-23 16:28 ` [PATCH v4 29/63] Documentation: PCI: convert MSI-HOWTO.txt " Changbin Du
2019-04-24 15:29 ` Mauro Carvalho Chehab
2019-04-23 16:28 ` [PATCH v4 30/63] Documentation: PCI: convert acpi-info.txt " Changbin Du
2019-04-24 15:34 ` Mauro Carvalho Chehab
2019-04-23 16:29 ` [PATCH v4 31/63] Documentation: PCI: convert pci-error-recovery.txt " Changbin Du
2019-04-24 15:45 ` Mauro Carvalho Chehab
2019-04-23 16:29 ` [PATCH v4 32/63] Documentation: PCI: convert pcieaer-howto.txt " Changbin Du
2019-04-24 15:49 ` Mauro Carvalho Chehab
2019-04-23 16:29 ` [PATCH v4 33/63] Documentation: PCI: convert endpoint/pci-endpoint.txt " Changbin Du
2019-04-24 15:55 ` Mauro Carvalho Chehab
2019-04-23 16:29 ` [PATCH v4 34/63] Documentation: PCI: convert endpoint/pci-endpoint-cfs.txt " Changbin Du
2019-04-24 16:26 ` Mauro Carvalho Chehab
2019-04-23 16:29 ` [PATCH v4 35/63] Documentation: PCI: convert endpoint/pci-test-function.txt " Changbin Du
2019-04-24 16:58 ` Mauro Carvalho Chehab
2019-04-23 16:29 ` [PATCH v4 36/63] Documentation: PCI: convert endpoint/pci-test-howto.txt " Changbin Du
2019-04-24 17:00 ` Mauro Carvalho Chehab
2019-04-23 16:29 ` [PATCH v4 37/63] Documentation: add Linux x86 docs to Sphinx TOC tree Changbin Du
2019-04-24 17:04 ` Mauro Carvalho Chehab
2019-04-23 16:29 ` [PATCH v4 38/63] Documentation: x86: convert boot.txt to reST Changbin Du
2019-04-24 17:36 ` Mauro Carvalho Chehab
2019-04-23 16:29 ` [PATCH v4 39/63] Documentation: x86: convert topology.txt " Changbin Du
2019-04-24 17:44 ` Mauro Carvalho Chehab
2019-04-26 14:23 ` Changbin Du
2019-04-23 16:29 ` [PATCH v4 40/63] Documentation: x86: convert exception-tables.txt " Changbin Du
2019-04-23 16:29 ` [PATCH v4 41/63] Documentation: x86: convert kernel-stacks " Changbin Du
2019-04-23 16:29 ` [PATCH v4 42/63] Documentation: x86: convert entry_64.txt " Changbin Du
2019-04-23 16:29 ` [PATCH v4 43/63] Documentation: x86: convert earlyprintk.txt " Changbin Du
2019-04-23 16:29 ` [PATCH v4 44/63] Documentation: x86: convert zero-page.txt " Changbin Du
2019-04-23 16:29 ` [PATCH v4 45/63] Documentation: x86: convert tlb.txt " Changbin Du
2019-04-23 16:29 ` [PATCH v4 46/63] Documentation: x86: convert mtrr.txt " Changbin Du
2019-04-23 16:29 ` [PATCH v4 47/63] Documentation: x86: convert pat.txt " Changbin Du
2019-04-23 16:29 ` [PATCH v4 48/63] Documentation: x86: convert protection-keys.txt " Changbin Du
2019-04-23 16:29 ` [PATCH v4 49/63] Documentation: x86: convert intel_mpx.txt " Changbin Du
2019-04-23 16:29 ` [PATCH v4 50/63] Documentation: x86: convert amd-memory-encryption.txt " Changbin Du
2019-04-23 16:29 ` Changbin Du [this message]
2019-04-23 16:29 ` [PATCH v4 52/63] Documentation: x86: convert microcode.txt " Changbin Du
2019-04-23 16:29 ` [PATCH v4 53/63] Documentation: x86: convert resctrl_ui.txt " Changbin Du
2019-04-23 16:29 ` [PATCH v4 54/63] Documentation: x86: convert orc-unwinder.txt " Changbin Du
2019-04-23 16:29 ` [PATCH v4 55/63] Documentation: x86: convert usb-legacy-support.txt " Changbin Du
2019-04-23 16:29 ` [PATCH v4 56/63] Documentation: x86: convert i386/IO-APIC.txt " Changbin Du
2019-04-23 16:29 ` [PATCH v4 57/63] Documentation: x86: convert x86_64/boot-options.txt " Changbin Du
2019-04-23 16:29 ` [PATCH v4 58/63] Documentation: x86: convert x86_64/uefi.txt " Changbin Du
2019-04-23 16:29 ` [PATCH v4 59/63] Documentation: x86: convert x86_64/mm.txt " Changbin Du
2019-04-23 16:29 ` [PATCH v4 60/63] Documentation: x86: convert x86_64/5level-paging.txt " Changbin Du
2019-04-23 16:29 ` [PATCH v4 61/63] Documentation: x86: convert x86_64/fake-numa-for-cpusets " Changbin Du
2019-04-23 16:29 ` [PATCH v4 62/63] Documentation: x86: convert x86_64/cpu-hotplug-spec " Changbin Du
2019-04-23 16:29 ` [PATCH v4 63/63] Documentation: x86: convert x86_64/machinecheck " Changbin Du
2019-04-23 16:39 ` [PATCH v4 00/63] Include linux ACPI/PCI/X86 docs into Sphinx TOC tree Rafael J. Wysocki
2019-04-23 17:36 ` Bjorn Helgaas
2019-04-24 15:46 ` Changbin Du
2019-04-24 17:48 ` Mauro Carvalho Chehab
2019-04-24 16:18 ` Jonathan Corbet
2019-04-24 16:52 ` Mauro Carvalho Chehab
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