linux-raid.vger.kernel.org archive mirror
 help / color / mirror / Atom feed
From: Daniel Sanabria <sanabria.d@gmail.com>
To: Roger Heflin <rogerheflin@gmail.com>
Cc: Roman Mamedov <rm@romanrm.net>, Linux-RAID <linux-raid@vger.kernel.org>
Subject: Re: do i need to give up on this setup
Date: Tue, 6 Oct 2020 08:56:32 +0100	[thread overview]
Message-ID: <CAHscji01ikKz4fQ_9i4Tb3AraTD+ZcXBbK-Mm+zY4p3p2qbF4Q@mail.gmail.com> (raw)
In-Reply-To: <CAAMCDedZfx+w3NT_QgB0KGkeEQikCtYVy9YuiNEhNaEjXF1C8w@mail.gmail.com>

Yeah it is quite possible that the hardware can't support the setup
because this array was an afterthought and considered an upgrade to
the system.

For the record here are some more details about the setup:

Motherboard: ASROCK EP2C602-4L/D16
PSU: 850W Corsair RM Series
I have 6 drives connected to the motherboard. The 3 drives forming the
array are Western Digital Green WDC WD30EZRX-00D8PB0 and are connected
to 3 ports of the Marvell 9230 SATA controller. The other 3 drives are
Western Digital Caviar Blue (SATA) WDC WD5000AAKS-00A7B2 are connected
to the spare Marvell port and the 2 SATA/SAS Motherboard ports
available.

On Mon, 5 Oct 2020 at 16:58, Roger Heflin <rogerheflin@gmail.com> wrote:
>
> what they said you have a hardware problem.
>
> it could be about anything previously mentioned and could also be the
> power supply being unable to provide a stable 12V for the disks.
>
> You should provide the list more specifics on your hw setup, of
> interest are what kind of SATA/SAS ports you are using and how the
> disk are cabled in.
>
> Note that there are a number of controllers that aren't the most
> reliable and some of those controllers when something happens will
> stop responding for all disks connected to it.
>
> I have also seen badly designed motherboards have
> build-in(non-AMD/non-Intel chips) sata ports that don't work under any
> load that uses more than a single disk at a time, and/or acts badly
> when given smart commands.
>
> On Mon, Oct 5, 2020 at 9:30 AM Daniel Sanabria <sanabria.d@gmail.com> wrote:
> >
> > > I meant not to me personally, but to the mailing list. The drives seem OK
> > > though, even sde.
> >
> > Sorry missed the reply-all button
> >
> > On Mon, 5 Oct 2020 at 15:04, Roman Mamedov <rm@romanrm.net> wrote:
> > >
> > > On Mon, 5 Oct 2020 14:59:35 +0100
> > > Daniel Sanabria <sanabria.d@gmail.com> wrote:
> > >
> > > > > It looks like a drive is dropping off the bus and then failing to reidentify,
> > > > > could be bad cabling/controller/PSU, or just a bad drive. You should post
> > > > > "smartctl -a" of all drives as well.
> > >
> > > I meant not to me personally, but to the mailing list. The drives seem OK
> > > though, even sde.
> > >
> > > > [dan@lamachine ~]$ sudo smartctl -a /dev/sdc
> > > > [sudo] password for dan:
> > > > smartctl 6.6 2017-11-05 r4594
> > > > [x86_64-linux-4.18.0-193.14.2.el8_2.x86_64] (local build)
> > > > Copyright (C) 2002-17, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org
> > > >
> > > > === START OF INFORMATION SECTION ===
> > > > Model Family:     Western Digital Green
> > > > Device Model:     WDC WD30EZRX-00D8PB0
> > > > Serial Number:    WD-WCC4NCWT13RF
> > > > LU WWN Device Id: 5 0014ee 25fc9e460
> > > > Firmware Version: 80.00A80
> > > > User Capacity:    3,000,591,900,160 bytes [3.00 TB]
> > > > Sector Sizes:     512 bytes logical, 4096 bytes physical
> > > > Rotation Rate:    5400 rpm
> > > > Device is:        In smartctl database [for details use: -P show]
> > > > ATA Version is:   ACS-2 (minor revision not indicated)
> > > > SATA Version is:  SATA 3.0, 6.0 Gb/s (current: 6.0 Gb/s)
> > > > Local Time is:    Mon Oct  5 14:58:34 2020 BST
> > > > SMART support is: Available - device has SMART capability.
> > > > SMART support is: Enabled
> > > >
> > > > === START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION ===
> > > > SMART overall-health self-assessment test result: PASSED
> > > >
> > > > General SMART Values:
> > > > Offline data collection status:  (0x82) Offline data collection activity
> > > > was completed without error.
> > > > Auto Offline Data Collection: Enabled.
> > > > Self-test execution status:      (   0) The previous self-test routine completed
> > > > without error or no self-test has ever
> > > > been run.
> > > > Total time to complete Offline
> > > > data collection: (38940) seconds.
> > > > Offline data collection
> > > > capabilities: (0x7b) SMART execute Offline immediate.
> > > > Auto Offline data collection on/off support.
> > > > Suspend Offline collection upon new
> > > > command.
> > > > Offline surface scan supported.
> > > > Self-test supported.
> > > > Conveyance Self-test supported.
> > > > Selective Self-test supported.
> > > > SMART capabilities:            (0x0003) Saves SMART data before entering
> > > > power-saving mode.
> > > > Supports SMART auto save timer.
> > > > Error logging capability:        (0x01) Error logging supported.
> > > > General Purpose Logging supported.
> > > > Short self-test routine
> > > > recommended polling time: (   2) minutes.
> > > > Extended self-test routine
> > > > recommended polling time: ( 391) minutes.
> > > > Conveyance self-test routine
> > > > recommended polling time: (   5) minutes.
> > > > SCT capabilities:        (0x7035) SCT Status supported.
> > > > SCT Feature Control supported.
> > > > SCT Data Table supported.
> > > >
> > > > SMART Attributes Data Structure revision number: 16
> > > > Vendor Specific SMART Attributes with Thresholds:
> > > > ID# ATTRIBUTE_NAME          FLAG     VALUE WORST THRESH TYPE
> > > > UPDATED  WHEN_FAILED RAW_VALUE
> > > >   1 Raw_Read_Error_Rate     0x002f   200   200   051    Pre-fail
> > > > Always       -       0
> > > >   3 Spin_Up_Time            0x0027   178   165   021    Pre-fail
> > > > Always       -       6075
> > > >   4 Start_Stop_Count        0x0032   100   100   000    Old_age
> > > > Always       -       81
> > > >   5 Reallocated_Sector_Ct   0x0033   200   200   140    Pre-fail
> > > > Always       -       0
> > > >   7 Seek_Error_Rate         0x002e   100   253   000    Old_age
> > > > Always       -       0
> > > >   9 Power_On_Hours          0x0032   075   075   000    Old_age
> > > > Always       -       18577
> > > >  10 Spin_Retry_Count        0x0032   100   253   000    Old_age
> > > > Always       -       0
> > > >  11 Calibration_Retry_Count 0x0032   100   253   000    Old_age
> > > > Always       -       0
> > > >  12 Power_Cycle_Count       0x0032   100   100   000    Old_age
> > > > Always       -       81
> > > > 192 Power-Off_Retract_Count 0x0032   200   200   000    Old_age
> > > > Always       -       46
> > > > 193 Load_Cycle_Count        0x0032   142   142   000    Old_age
> > > > Always       -       176661
> > > > 194 Temperature_Celsius     0x0022   122   109   000    Old_age
> > > > Always       -       28
> > > > 196 Reallocated_Event_Count 0x0032   200   200   000    Old_age
> > > > Always       -       0
> > > > 197 Current_Pending_Sector  0x0032   200   200   000    Old_age
> > > > Always       -       0
> > > > 198 Offline_Uncorrectable   0x0030   200   200   000    Old_age
> > > > Offline      -       0
> > > > 199 UDMA_CRC_Error_Count    0x0032   200   200   000    Old_age
> > > > Always       -       0
> > > > 200 Multi_Zone_Error_Rate   0x0008   200   200   000    Old_age
> > > > Offline      -       0
> > > >
> > > > SMART Error Log Version: 1
> > > > No Errors Logged
> > > >
> > > > SMART Self-test log structure revision number 1
> > > > Num  Test_Description    Status                  Remaining
> > > > LifeTime(hours)  LBA_of_first_error
> > > > # 1  Extended offline    Completed without error       00%     17479         -
> > > > # 2  Short offline       Completed without error       00%     15531         -
> > > >
> > > > SMART Selective self-test log data structure revision number 1
> > > >  SPAN  MIN_LBA  MAX_LBA  CURRENT_TEST_STATUS
> > > >     1        0        0  Not_testing
> > > >     2        0        0  Not_testing
> > > >     3        0        0  Not_testing
> > > >     4        0        0  Not_testing
> > > >     5        0        0  Not_testing
> > > > Selective self-test flags (0x0):
> > > >   After scanning selected spans, do NOT read-scan remainder of disk.
> > > > If Selective self-test is pending on power-up, resume after 0 minute delay.
> > > >
> > > > [dan@lamachine ~]$ sudo smartctl -a /dev/sdd
> > > > smartctl 6.6 2017-11-05 r4594
> > > > [x86_64-linux-4.18.0-193.14.2.el8_2.x86_64] (local build)
> > > > Copyright (C) 2002-17, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org
> > > >
> > > > === START OF INFORMATION SECTION ===
> > > > Model Family:     Western Digital Green
> > > > Device Model:     WDC WD30EZRX-00D8PB0
> > > > Serial Number:    WD-WCC4NPRDD6D7
> > > > LU WWN Device Id: 5 0014ee 25fca27b1
> > > > Firmware Version: 80.00A80
> > > > User Capacity:    3,000,592,982,016 bytes [3.00 TB]
> > > > Sector Sizes:     512 bytes logical, 4096 bytes physical
> > > > Rotation Rate:    5400 rpm
> > > > Device is:        In smartctl database [for details use: -P show]
> > > > ATA Version is:   ACS-2 (minor revision not indicated)
> > > > SATA Version is:  SATA 3.0, 6.0 Gb/s (current: 6.0 Gb/s)
> > > > Local Time is:    Mon Oct  5 14:58:54 2020 BST
> > > > SMART support is: Available - device has SMART capability.
> > > > SMART support is: Enabled
> > > >
> > > > === START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION ===
> > > > SMART overall-health self-assessment test result: PASSED
> > > >
> > > > General SMART Values:
> > > > Offline data collection status:  (0x82) Offline data collection activity
> > > > was completed without error.
> > > > Auto Offline Data Collection: Enabled.
> > > > Self-test execution status:      (   0) The previous self-test routine completed
> > > > without error or no self-test has ever
> > > > been run.
> > > > Total time to complete Offline
> > > > data collection: (39060) seconds.
> > > > Offline data collection
> > > > capabilities: (0x7b) SMART execute Offline immediate.
> > > > Auto Offline data collection on/off support.
> > > > Suspend Offline collection upon new
> > > > command.
> > > > Offline surface scan supported.
> > > > Self-test supported.
> > > > Conveyance Self-test supported.
> > > > Selective Self-test supported.
> > > > SMART capabilities:            (0x0003) Saves SMART data before entering
> > > > power-saving mode.
> > > > Supports SMART auto save timer.
> > > > Error logging capability:        (0x01) Error logging supported.
> > > > General Purpose Logging supported.
> > > > Short self-test routine
> > > > recommended polling time: (   2) minutes.
> > > > Extended self-test routine
> > > > recommended polling time: ( 392) minutes.
> > > > Conveyance self-test routine
> > > > recommended polling time: (   5) minutes.
> > > > SCT capabilities:        (0x7035) SCT Status supported.
> > > > SCT Feature Control supported.
> > > > SCT Data Table supported.
> > > >
> > > > SMART Attributes Data Structure revision number: 16
> > > > Vendor Specific SMART Attributes with Thresholds:
> > > > ID# ATTRIBUTE_NAME          FLAG     VALUE WORST THRESH TYPE
> > > > UPDATED  WHEN_FAILED RAW_VALUE
> > > >   1 Raw_Read_Error_Rate     0x002f   200   200   051    Pre-fail
> > > > Always       -       0
> > > >   3 Spin_Up_Time            0x0027   178   164   021    Pre-fail
> > > > Always       -       6100
> > > >   4 Start_Stop_Count        0x0032   100   100   000    Old_age
> > > > Always       -       81
> > > >   5 Reallocated_Sector_Ct   0x0033   200   200   140    Pre-fail
> > > > Always       -       0
> > > >   7 Seek_Error_Rate         0x002e   100   253   000    Old_age
> > > > Always       -       0
> > > >   9 Power_On_Hours          0x0032   075   075   000    Old_age
> > > > Always       -       18580
> > > >  10 Spin_Retry_Count        0x0032   100   253   000    Old_age
> > > > Always       -       0
> > > >  11 Calibration_Retry_Count 0x0032   100   253   000    Old_age
> > > > Always       -       0
> > > >  12 Power_Cycle_Count       0x0032   100   100   000    Old_age
> > > > Always       -       81
> > > > 192 Power-Off_Retract_Count 0x0032   200   200   000    Old_age
> > > > Always       -       53
> > > > 193 Load_Cycle_Count        0x0032   136   136   000    Old_age
> > > > Always       -       192427
> > > > 194 Temperature_Celsius     0x0022   121   108   000    Old_age
> > > > Always       -       29
> > > > 196 Reallocated_Event_Count 0x0032   200   200   000    Old_age
> > > > Always       -       0
> > > > 197 Current_Pending_Sector  0x0032   200   200   000    Old_age
> > > > Always       -       0
> > > > 198 Offline_Uncorrectable   0x0030   200   200   000    Old_age
> > > > Offline      -       0
> > > > 199 UDMA_CRC_Error_Count    0x0032   200   200   000    Old_age
> > > > Always       -       0
> > > > 200 Multi_Zone_Error_Rate   0x0008   200   200   000    Old_age
> > > > Offline      -       0
> > > >
> > > > SMART Error Log Version: 1
> > > > No Errors Logged
> > > >
> > > > SMART Self-test log structure revision number 1
> > > > Num  Test_Description    Status                  Remaining
> > > > LifeTime(hours)  LBA_of_first_error
> > > > # 1  Extended offline    Completed without error       00%     17481         -
> > > > # 2  Short offline       Completed without error       00%     15534         -
> > > >
> > > > SMART Selective self-test log data structure revision number 1
> > > >  SPAN  MIN_LBA  MAX_LBA  CURRENT_TEST_STATUS
> > > >     1        0        0  Not_testing
> > > >     2        0        0  Not_testing
> > > >     3        0        0  Not_testing
> > > >     4        0        0  Not_testing
> > > >     5        0        0  Not_testing
> > > > Selective self-test flags (0x0):
> > > >   After scanning selected spans, do NOT read-scan remainder of disk.
> > > > If Selective self-test is pending on power-up, resume after 0 minute delay.
> > > >
> > > > [dan@lamachine ~]$ sudo smartctl -a /dev/sde
> > > > smartctl 6.6 2017-11-05 r4594
> > > > [x86_64-linux-4.18.0-193.14.2.el8_2.x86_64] (local build)
> > > > Copyright (C) 2002-17, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org
> > > >
> > > > === START OF INFORMATION SECTION ===
> > > > Model Family:     Western Digital Green
> > > > Device Model:     WDC WD30EZRX-00D8PB0
> > > > Serial Number:    WD-WCC4N1294906
> > > > LU WWN Device Id: 5 0014ee 25f968120
> > > > Firmware Version: 80.00A80
> > > > User Capacity:    3,000,591,900,160 bytes [3.00 TB]
> > > > Sector Sizes:     512 bytes logical, 4096 bytes physical
> > > > Rotation Rate:    5400 rpm
> > > > Device is:        In smartctl database [for details use: -P show]
> > > > ATA Version is:   ACS-2 (minor revision not indicated)
> > > > SATA Version is:  SATA 3.0, 6.0 Gb/s (current: 6.0 Gb/s)
> > > > Local Time is:    Mon Oct  5 14:58:57 2020 BST
> > > > SMART support is: Available - device has SMART capability.
> > > > SMART support is: Enabled
> > > >
> > > > === START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION ===
> > > > SMART overall-health self-assessment test result: PASSED
> > > >
> > > > General SMART Values:
> > > > Offline data collection status:  (0x82) Offline data collection activity
> > > > was completed without error.
> > > > Auto Offline Data Collection: Enabled.
> > > > Self-test execution status:      (   0) The previous self-test routine completed
> > > > without error or no self-test has ever
> > > > been run.
> > > > Total time to complete Offline
> > > > data collection: (43200) seconds.
> > > > Offline data collection
> > > > capabilities: (0x7b) SMART execute Offline immediate.
> > > > Auto Offline data collection on/off support.
> > > > Suspend Offline collection upon new
> > > > command.
> > > > Offline surface scan supported.
> > > > Self-test supported.
> > > > Conveyance Self-test supported.
> > > > Selective Self-test supported.
> > > > SMART capabilities:            (0x0003) Saves SMART data before entering
> > > > power-saving mode.
> > > > Supports SMART auto save timer.
> > > > Error logging capability:        (0x01) Error logging supported.
> > > > General Purpose Logging supported.
> > > > Short self-test routine
> > > > recommended polling time: (   2) minutes.
> > > > Extended self-test routine
> > > > recommended polling time: ( 433) minutes.
> > > > Conveyance self-test routine
> > > > recommended polling time: (   5) minutes.
> > > > SCT capabilities:        (0x7035) SCT Status supported.
> > > > SCT Feature Control supported.
> > > > SCT Data Table supported.
> > > >
> > > > SMART Attributes Data Structure revision number: 16
> > > > Vendor Specific SMART Attributes with Thresholds:
> > > > ID# ATTRIBUTE_NAME          FLAG     VALUE WORST THRESH TYPE
> > > > UPDATED  WHEN_FAILED RAW_VALUE
> > > >   1 Raw_Read_Error_Rate     0x002f   200   200   051    Pre-fail
> > > > Always       -       0
> > > >   3 Spin_Up_Time            0x0027   176   166   021    Pre-fail
> > > > Always       -       6158
> > > >   4 Start_Stop_Count        0x0032   100   100   000    Old_age
> > > > Always       -       80
> > > >   5 Reallocated_Sector_Ct   0x0033   200   200   140    Pre-fail
> > > > Always       -       0
> > > >   7 Seek_Error_Rate         0x002e   200   200   000    Old_age
> > > > Always       -       0
> > > >   9 Power_On_Hours          0x0032   075   075   000    Old_age
> > > > Always       -       18465
> > > >  10 Spin_Retry_Count        0x0032   100   253   000    Old_age
> > > > Always       -       0
> > > >  11 Calibration_Retry_Count 0x0032   100   253   000    Old_age
> > > > Always       -       0
> > > >  12 Power_Cycle_Count       0x0032   100   100   000    Old_age
> > > > Always       -       80
> > > > 192 Power-Off_Retract_Count 0x0032   200   200   000    Old_age
> > > > Always       -       53
> > > > 193 Load_Cycle_Count        0x0032   142   142   000    Old_age
> > > > Always       -       174015
> > > > 194 Temperature_Celsius     0x0022   121   107   000    Old_age
> > > > Always       -       29
> > > > 196 Reallocated_Event_Count 0x0032   200   200   000    Old_age
> > > > Always       -       0
> > > > 197 Current_Pending_Sector  0x0032   200   200   000    Old_age
> > > > Always       -       0
> > > > 198 Offline_Uncorrectable   0x0030   200   200   000    Old_age
> > > > Offline      -       0
> > > > 199 UDMA_CRC_Error_Count    0x0032   200   200   000    Old_age
> > > > Always       -       0
> > > > 200 Multi_Zone_Error_Rate   0x0008   200   200   000    Old_age
> > > > Offline      -       0
> > > >
> > > > SMART Error Log Version: 1
> > > > No Errors Logged
> > > >
> > > > SMART Self-test log structure revision number 1
> > > > Num  Test_Description    Status                  Remaining
> > > > LifeTime(hours)  LBA_of_first_error
> > > > # 1  Extended offline    Completed without error       00%     17347         -
> > > > # 2  Short offline       Completed without error       00%     15414         -
> > > >
> > > > SMART Selective self-test log data structure revision number 1
> > > >  SPAN  MIN_LBA  MAX_LBA  CURRENT_TEST_STATUS
> > > >     1        0        0  Not_testing
> > > >     2        0        0  Not_testing
> > > >     3        0        0  Not_testing
> > > >     4        0        0  Not_testing
> > > >     5        0        0  Not_testing
> > > > Selective self-test flags (0x0):
> > > >   After scanning selected spans, do NOT read-scan remainder of disk.
> > > > If Selective self-test is pending on power-up, resume after 0 minute delay.
> > > >
> > > > [dan@lamachine ~]$
> > > >
> > > >
> > > > On Mon, 5 Oct 2020 at 14:44, Roman Mamedov <rm@romanrm.net> wrote:
> > > > >
> > > > > On Mon, 5 Oct 2020 14:10:25 +0100
> > > > > Daniel Sanabria <sanabria.d@gmail.com> wrote:
> > > > >
> > > > > > Hi all,
> > > > > >
> > > > > > Scrubbing ( # echo check >
> > > > > > /sys/devices/virtual/block/md1/md/sync_action) is killing my array :(
> > > > > >
> > > > > > I'm attaching details of the array and disks (bloody wd greens) as
> > > > > > well as journalctl errors providing some details about the issue.
> > > > > >
> > > > > > If you have any pointers on what might be the cause of this as well as
> > > > > > any recommendations on how to improve things please let me thank you
> > > > > > in advance ...
> > > > > >
> > > > > > I have backups of the data so happy to move this to a different setup
> > > > > > you might recommend (apps will be mostly reading from the array via
> > > > > > NFS since most of the content will be media).
> > > > > >
> > > > > > My suspicion is that a timer service is kicking in and disrupting the
> > > > > > scrubbing somehow but can't pinpoint what causes this.
> > > > >
> > > > > It looks like a drive is dropping off the bus and then failing to reidentify,
> > > > > could be bad cabling/controller/PSU, or just a bad drive. You should post
> > > > > "smartctl -a" of all drives as well.
> > > > >
> > > > > --
> > > > > With respect,
> > > > > Roman
> > >
> > >
> > > --
> > > With respect,
> > > Roman

  reply	other threads:[~2020-10-06  7:56 UTC|newest]

Thread overview: 16+ messages / expand[flat|nested]  mbox.gz  Atom feed  top
2020-10-05 13:10 do i need to give up on this setup Daniel Sanabria
2020-10-05 13:17 ` Reindl Harald
2020-10-05 13:44 ` Roman Mamedov
     [not found]   ` <CAHscji0pNezf6xCpjWto5-21ayoCeLWm34GTYh5TSgxkOw90mw@mail.gmail.com>
2020-10-05 14:04     ` Roman Mamedov
2020-10-05 14:10       ` Reindl Harald
2020-10-05 14:28       ` Daniel Sanabria
2020-10-05 15:58         ` Roger Heflin
2020-10-06  7:56           ` Daniel Sanabria [this message]
2020-10-06  8:24             ` Reindl Harald
2020-10-06 10:53             ` Roger Heflin
2020-10-06 11:29               ` antlists
2020-10-06 14:59                 ` Roger Heflin
2020-10-09  1:00                   ` John Stoffel
2020-10-06 15:03               ` Tim Small
2020-10-06 16:01                 ` Daniel Sanabria
2020-10-07  7:26                   ` Tim Small

Reply instructions:

You may reply publicly to this message via plain-text email
using any one of the following methods:

* Save the following mbox file, import it into your mail client,
  and reply-to-all from there: mbox

  Avoid top-posting and favor interleaved quoting:
  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Posting_style#Interleaved_style

* Reply using the --to, --cc, and --in-reply-to
  switches of git-send-email(1):

  git send-email \
    --in-reply-to=CAHscji01ikKz4fQ_9i4Tb3AraTD+ZcXBbK-Mm+zY4p3p2qbF4Q@mail.gmail.com \
    --to=sanabria.d@gmail.com \
    --cc=linux-raid@vger.kernel.org \
    --cc=rm@romanrm.net \
    --cc=rogerheflin@gmail.com \
    /path/to/YOUR_REPLY

  https://kernel.org/pub/software/scm/git/docs/git-send-email.html

* If your mail client supports setting the In-Reply-To header
  via mailto: links, try the mailto: link
Be sure your reply has a Subject: header at the top and a blank line before the message body.
This is a public inbox, see mirroring instructions
for how to clone and mirror all data and code used for this inbox;
as well as URLs for NNTP newsgroup(s).