[PATCHSET v2 0/3] fstests: exercise code refactored in 5.14

[PATCHSET v2 0/3] fstests: exercise code refactored in 5.14

[Darrick J. Wong]

Hi all,

Add new tests to exercise code that got refactored in 5.14.  The
nested shutdown test simulates the process of recovering after a VM host
filesystem goes down and the guests have to recover.

v2: fix some bugs pointed out by the maintainer, add cpu offlining stress test

If you're going to start using this mess, you probably ought to just
pull from my git trees, which are linked below.

This is an extraordinary way to destroy everything.  Enjoy!
Comments and questions are, as always, welcome.

--D

fstests git tree:
https://git.kernel.org/cgit/linux/kernel/git/djwong/xfstests-dev.git/log/?h=new-tests-for-5.14
---
 common/rc             |   24 +++++++++
 tests/generic/725     |  136 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 tests/generic/725.out |    2 +
 tests/generic/726     |   69 +++++++++++++++++++++++++
 tests/generic/726.out |    2 +
 tests/xfs/449         |    2 -
 6 files changed, 234 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)
 create mode 100755 tests/generic/725
 create mode 100644 tests/generic/725.out
 create mode 100755 tests/generic/726
 create mode 100644 tests/generic/726.out

[PATCH 1/3] generic: fsstress with cpu offlining

[Darrick J. Wong]

From: Darrick J. Wong <djwong@kernel.org>

Exercise filesystem operations when we're taking CPUs online and offline
throughout the test.

Signed-off-by: Darrick J. Wong <djwong@kernel.org>
---
 tests/generic/726     |   69 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 tests/generic/726.out |    2 +
 2 files changed, 71 insertions(+)
 create mode 100755 tests/generic/726
 create mode 100644 tests/generic/726.out


diff --git a/tests/generic/726 b/tests/generic/726
new file mode 100755
index 00000000..cb709795
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/generic/726
@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+#! /bin/bash
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
+# Copyright (c) 2021 Oracle, Inc.  All Rights Reserved.
+#
+# FS QA Test No. 726
+#
+# Run an all-writes fsstress run with multiple threads while exercising CPU
+# hotplugging to shake out bugs in the write path.
+#
+. ./common/preamble
+_begin_fstest auto rw stress
+
+# Override the default cleanup function.
+_cleanup()
+{
+	cd /
+	rm -f $tmp.*
+	$KILLALL_PROG -9 fsstress > /dev/null 2>&1
+	wait	# for exercise_cpu_hotplug subprocess
+	for i in "$sysfs_cpu_dir/"cpu*/online; do
+		echo 1 > "$i" 2>/dev/null
+	done
+}
+
+exercise_cpu_hotplug()
+{
+	while [ -e $sentinel_file ]; do
+		local idx=$(( RANDOM % nr_hotplug_cpus ))
+		local cpu="${hotplug_cpus[idx]}"
+		local action=$(( RANDOM % 2 ))
+
+		echo "$action" > "$sysfs_cpu_dir/cpu$cpu/online" 2>/dev/null
+		sleep 0.5
+	done
+}
+
+_supported_fs generic
+
+sysfs_cpu_dir="/sys/devices/system/cpu"
+
+# Figure out which CPU(s) support hotplug.
+nrcpus=$(getconf _NPROCESSORS_CONF)
+hotplug_cpus=()
+for ((i = 0; i < nrcpus; i++ )); do
+	test -e "$sysfs_cpu_dir/cpu$i/online" && hotplug_cpus+=("$i")
+done
+nr_hotplug_cpus="${#hotplug_cpus[@]}"
+test "$nr_hotplug_cpus" -gt 0 || _notrun "CPU hotplugging not supported"
+
+_require_scratch
+_require_command "$KILLALL_PROG" "killall"
+
+echo "Silence is golden."
+
+_scratch_mkfs > $seqres.full 2>&1
+_scratch_mount >> $seqres.full 2>&1
+
+sentinel_file=$tmp.hotplug
+touch $sentinel_file
+exercise_cpu_hotplug &
+
+nr_cpus=$((LOAD_FACTOR * nr_hotplug_cpus))
+nr_ops=$((25000 * TIME_FACTOR))
+$FSSTRESS_PROG $FSSTRESS_AVOID -w -d $SCRATCH_MNT -n $nr_ops -p $nr_cpus >> $seqres.full
+rm -f $sentinel_file
+
+# success, all done
+status=0
+exit
diff --git a/tests/generic/726.out b/tests/generic/726.out
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..6839f8ce
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/generic/726.out
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+QA output created by 726
+Silence is golden.

[PATCH 2/3] generic: test shutdowns of a nested filesystem

[Darrick J. Wong]

From: Darrick J. Wong <djwong@kernel.org>

generic/475, but we're running fsstress on a disk image inside the
scratch filesystem

Signed-off-by: Darrick J. Wong <djwong@kernel.org>
---
 common/rc             |   24 +++++++++
 tests/generic/725     |  136 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 tests/generic/725.out |    2 +
 3 files changed, 162 insertions(+)
 create mode 100755 tests/generic/725
 create mode 100644 tests/generic/725.out


diff --git a/common/rc b/common/rc
index 46b6b220..05c87332 100644
--- a/common/rc
+++ b/common/rc
@@ -631,6 +631,30 @@ _ext4_metadump()
 		$DUMP_COMPRESSOR -f "$dumpfile" &>> "$seqres.full"
 }
 
+# Capture the metadata of a filesystem in a dump file for offline analysis.
+# This is not supported by all filesystem types, so this function should only
+# be used after a test has already failed.
+_metadump_dev() {
+	local device="$1"
+	local dumpfile="$2"
+	local compressopt="$3"
+
+	test "$DUMP_CORRUPT_FS" = 1 || return 0
+
+	case "$FSTYP" in
+	ext*)
+		_ext4_metadump $device $dumpfile $compressopt
+		;;
+	xfs)
+		_xfs_metadump $dumpfile $device none $compressopt
+		;;
+	*)
+		echo "Don't know how to metadump $FSTYP"
+		return 1
+		;;
+	esac
+}
+
 _test_mkfs()
 {
     case $FSTYP in
diff --git a/tests/generic/725 b/tests/generic/725
new file mode 100755
index 00000000..ac008fdb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/generic/725
@@ -0,0 +1,136 @@
+#! /bin/bash
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
+# Copyright (c) 2021 Oracle, Inc.  All Rights Reserved.
+#
+# FS QA Test No. 725
+#
+# Test nested log recovery with repeated (simulated) disk failures.  We kick
+# off fsstress on a loopback filesystem mounted on the scratch fs, then switch
+# out the underlying scratch device with dm-error to see what happens when the
+# disk goes down.  Having taken down both fses in this manner, remount them and
+# repeat.  This test simulates VM hosts crashing to try to shake out CoW bugs
+# in writeback on the host that cause VM guests to fail to recover.
+#
+. ./common/preamble
+_begin_fstest shutdown auto log metadata eio recoveryloop
+
+_cleanup()
+{
+	cd /
+	$KILLALL_PROG -9 fsstress > /dev/null 2>&1
+	wait
+	if [ -n "$loopmnt" ]; then
+		$UMOUNT_PROG $loopmnt 2>/dev/null
+		rm -r -f $loopmnt
+	fi
+	rm -f $tmp.*
+	_dmerror_unmount
+	_dmerror_cleanup
+}
+
+# Import common functions.
+. ./common/dmerror
+. ./common/reflink
+
+# Modify as appropriate.
+_supported_fs generic
+
+_require_scratch_reflink
+_require_cp_reflink
+_require_dm_target error
+_require_command "$KILLALL_PROG" "killall"
+
+echo "Silence is golden."
+
+_scratch_mkfs >> $seqres.full 2>&1
+_require_metadata_journaling $SCRATCH_DEV
+_dmerror_init
+_dmerror_mount
+
+# Create a fs image consuming 1/3 of the scratch fs
+scratch_freesp_bytes=$(_get_available_space $SCRATCH_MNT)
+loopimg_bytes=$((scratch_freesp_bytes / 3))
+
+loopimg=$SCRATCH_MNT/testfs
+truncate -s $loopimg_bytes $loopimg
+_mkfs_dev $loopimg
+
+loopmnt=$tmp.mount
+mkdir -p $loopmnt
+
+scratch_aliveflag=$tmp.runsnap
+snap_aliveflag=$tmp.snapping
+
+snap_loop_fs() {
+	touch "$snap_aliveflag"
+	while [ -e "$scratch_aliveflag" ]; do
+		rm -f $loopimg.a
+		_cp_reflink $loopimg $loopimg.a
+		sleep 1
+	done
+	rm -f "$snap_aliveflag"
+}
+
+fsstress=($FSSTRESS_PROG $FSSTRESS_AVOID -d "$loopmnt" -n 999999 -p "$((LOAD_FACTOR * 4))")
+
+for i in $(seq 1 $((25 * TIME_FACTOR)) ); do
+	touch $scratch_aliveflag
+	snap_loop_fs >> $seqres.full 2>&1 &
+
+	if ! _mount $loopimg $loopmnt -o loop; then
+		rm -f $scratch_aliveflag
+		_metadump_dev $loopimg $seqres.loop.$i.md
+		_fail "iteration $i loopimg mount failed"
+		break
+	fi
+
+	("${fsstress[@]}" >> $seqres.full &) > /dev/null 2>&1
+
+	# purposely include 0 second sleeps to test shutdown immediately after
+	# recovery
+	sleep $((RANDOM % (3 * TIME_FACTOR) ))
+	rm -f $scratch_aliveflag
+
+	# This test aims to simulate sudden disk failure, which means that we
+	# do not want to quiesce the filesystem or otherwise give it a chance
+	# to flush its logs.  Therefore we want to call dmsetup with the
+	# --nolockfs parameter; to make this happen we must call the load
+	# error table helper *without* 'lockfs'.
+	_dmerror_load_error_table
+
+	ps -e | grep fsstress > /dev/null 2>&1
+	while [ $? -eq 0 ]; do
+		$KILLALL_PROG -9 fsstress > /dev/null 2>&1
+		wait > /dev/null 2>&1
+		ps -e | grep fsstress > /dev/null 2>&1
+	done
+	for ((i = 0; i < 10; i++)); do
+		test -e "$snap_aliveflag" || break
+		sleep 1
+	done
+
+	# Mount again to replay log after loading working table, so we have a
+	# consistent fs after test.
+	$UMOUNT_PROG $loopmnt
+	_dmerror_unmount || _fail "iteration $i scratch unmount failed"
+	_dmerror_load_working_table
+	if ! _dmerror_mount; then
+		_metadump_dev $DMERROR_DEV $seqres.scratch.$i.md
+		_fail "iteration $i scratch mount failed"
+	fi
+done
+
+# Make sure the fs image file is ok
+if [ -f "$loopimg" ]; then
+	if _mount $loopimg $loopmnt -o loop; then
+		$UMOUNT_PROG $loopmnt &> /dev/null
+	else
+		_metadump_dev $DMERROR_DEV $seqres.scratch.final.md
+		echo "final scratch mount failed"
+	fi
+	SCRATCH_RTDEV= SCRATCH_LOGDEV= _check_scratch_fs $loopimg
+fi
+
+# success, all done; let the test harness check the scratch fs
+status=0
+exit
diff --git a/tests/generic/725.out b/tests/generic/725.out
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..ed73a9fc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/generic/725.out
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+QA output created by 725
+Silence is golden.

[PATCH 3/3] xfs/449: filter out deprecation warnings from mkfs

[Darrick J. Wong]

From: Darrick J. Wong <djwong@kernel.org>

To avoid regressing this test when testing XFS v4 when mkfs is new
enough to whine about creating new deprecated filesystems, filter out
the deprecation warning.

Signed-off-by: Darrick J. Wong <djwong@kernel.org>
---
 tests/xfs/449 |    2 +-
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)


diff --git a/tests/xfs/449 b/tests/xfs/449
index a3fcd78e..5374bf2f 100755
--- a/tests/xfs/449
+++ b/tests/xfs/449
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ _require_scratch_nocheck
 _require_xfs_spaceman_command "info"
 _require_command "$XFS_GROWFS_PROG" xfs_growfs
 
-_scratch_mkfs | sed -e '/Discarding/d' > $tmp.mkfs
+_scratch_mkfs | sed -e '/Discarding/d' -e '/deprecated/d' > $tmp.mkfs
 echo MKFS >> $seqres.full
 cat $tmp.mkfs >> $seqres.full
 

Re: [PATCH 1/3] generic: fsstress with cpu offlining

[Eryu Guan]

On Tue, Aug 31, 2021 at 05:11:50PM -0700, Darrick J. Wong wrote:
> From: Darrick J. Wong <djwong@kernel.org>
> 
> Exercise filesystem operations when we're taking CPUs online and offline
> throughout the test.
> 
> Signed-off-by: Darrick J. Wong <djwong@kernel.org>
> ---
>  tests/generic/726     |   69 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
>  tests/generic/726.out |    2 +
>  2 files changed, 71 insertions(+)
>  create mode 100755 tests/generic/726
>  create mode 100644 tests/generic/726.out
> 
> 
> diff --git a/tests/generic/726 b/tests/generic/726
> new file mode 100755
> index 00000000..cb709795
> --- /dev/null
> +++ b/tests/generic/726
> @@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
> +#! /bin/bash
> +# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
> +# Copyright (c) 2021 Oracle, Inc.  All Rights Reserved.
> +#
> +# FS QA Test No. 726
> +#
> +# Run an all-writes fsstress run with multiple threads while exercising CPU
> +# hotplugging to shake out bugs in the write path.
> +#
> +. ./common/preamble
> +_begin_fstest auto rw stress
> +
> +# Override the default cleanup function.
> +_cleanup()
> +{
> +	cd /
> +	rm -f $tmp.*
> +	$KILLALL_PROG -9 fsstress > /dev/null 2>&1
> +	wait	# for exercise_cpu_hotplug subprocess
> +	for i in "$sysfs_cpu_dir/"cpu*/online; do
> +		echo 1 > "$i" 2>/dev/null
> +	done
> +}
> +
> +exercise_cpu_hotplug()
> +{
> +	while [ -e $sentinel_file ]; do
> +		local idx=$(( RANDOM % nr_hotplug_cpus ))
> +		local cpu="${hotplug_cpus[idx]}"
> +		local action=$(( RANDOM % 2 ))
> +
> +		echo "$action" > "$sysfs_cpu_dir/cpu$cpu/online" 2>/dev/null
> +		sleep 0.5
> +	done
> +}
> +
> +_supported_fs generic
> +
> +sysfs_cpu_dir="/sys/devices/system/cpu"
> +
> +# Figure out which CPU(s) support hotplug.
> +nrcpus=$(getconf _NPROCESSORS_CONF)
> +hotplug_cpus=()
> +for ((i = 0; i < nrcpus; i++ )); do
> +	test -e "$sysfs_cpu_dir/cpu$i/online" && hotplug_cpus+=("$i")
> +done
> +nr_hotplug_cpus="${#hotplug_cpus[@]}"
> +test "$nr_hotplug_cpus" -gt 0 || _notrun "CPU hotplugging not supported"
> +
> +_require_scratch
> +_require_command "$KILLALL_PROG" "killall"
> +
> +echo "Silence is golden."
> +
> +_scratch_mkfs > $seqres.full 2>&1
> +_scratch_mount >> $seqres.full 2>&1

I think we could just run fsstress against a dir in $TEST_DIR?

> +
> +sentinel_file=$tmp.hotplug
> +touch $sentinel_file
> +exercise_cpu_hotplug &
> +
> +nr_cpus=$((LOAD_FACTOR * nr_hotplug_cpus))

We'd better to cap nr_cpu just in case we're testing on a system with
1024 cpus and taking very long time for fsstress to finish.

Thanks,
Eryu

> +nr_ops=$((25000 * TIME_FACTOR))
> +$FSSTRESS_PROG $FSSTRESS_AVOID -w -d $SCRATCH_MNT -n $nr_ops -p $nr_cpus >> $seqres.full
> +rm -f $sentinel_file
> +
> +# success, all done
> +status=0
> +exit
> diff --git a/tests/generic/726.out b/tests/generic/726.out
> new file mode 100644
> index 00000000..6839f8ce
> --- /dev/null
> +++ b/tests/generic/726.out
> @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
> +QA output created by 726
> +Silence is golden.
> 

Re: [PATCHSET v2 0/3] fstests: exercise code refactored in 5.14

[Eryu Guan]

On Tue, Aug 31, 2021 at 05:11:44PM -0700, Darrick J. Wong wrote:
> Hi all,
> 
> Add new tests to exercise code that got refactored in 5.14.  The
> nested shutdown test simulates the process of recovering after a VM host
> filesystem goes down and the guests have to recover.
> 
> v2: fix some bugs pointed out by the maintainer, add cpu offlining stress test

Thanks for the revision! I've applied patch 2 and 3 for the update.

Thanks,
Eryu

> 
> If you're going to start using this mess, you probably ought to just
> pull from my git trees, which are linked below.
> 
> This is an extraordinary way to destroy everything.  Enjoy!
> Comments and questions are, as always, welcome.
> 
> --D
> 
> fstests git tree:
> https://git.kernel.org/cgit/linux/kernel/git/djwong/xfstests-dev.git/log/?h=new-tests-for-5.14
> ---
>  common/rc             |   24 +++++++++
>  tests/generic/725     |  136 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
>  tests/generic/725.out |    2 +
>  tests/generic/726     |   69 +++++++++++++++++++++++++
>  tests/generic/726.out |    2 +
>  tests/xfs/449         |    2 -
>  6 files changed, 234 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)
>  create mode 100755 tests/generic/725
>  create mode 100644 tests/generic/725.out
>  create mode 100755 tests/generic/726
>  create mode 100644 tests/generic/726.out

Re: [PATCH 1/3] generic: fsstress with cpu offlining

[Darrick J. Wong]

On Sun, Sep 05, 2021 at 10:48:15PM +0800, Eryu Guan wrote:
> On Tue, Aug 31, 2021 at 05:11:50PM -0700, Darrick J. Wong wrote:
> > From: Darrick J. Wong <djwong@kernel.org>
> > 
> > Exercise filesystem operations when we're taking CPUs online and offline
> > throughout the test.
> > 
> > Signed-off-by: Darrick J. Wong <djwong@kernel.org>
> > ---
> >  tests/generic/726     |   69 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
> >  tests/generic/726.out |    2 +
> >  2 files changed, 71 insertions(+)
> >  create mode 100755 tests/generic/726
> >  create mode 100644 tests/generic/726.out
> > 
> > 
> > diff --git a/tests/generic/726 b/tests/generic/726
> > new file mode 100755
> > index 00000000..cb709795
> > --- /dev/null
> > +++ b/tests/generic/726
> > @@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
> > +#! /bin/bash
> > +# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
> > +# Copyright (c) 2021 Oracle, Inc.  All Rights Reserved.
> > +#
> > +# FS QA Test No. 726
> > +#
> > +# Run an all-writes fsstress run with multiple threads while exercising CPU
> > +# hotplugging to shake out bugs in the write path.
> > +#
> > +. ./common/preamble
> > +_begin_fstest auto rw stress
> > +
> > +# Override the default cleanup function.
> > +_cleanup()
> > +{
> > +	cd /
> > +	rm -f $tmp.*
> > +	$KILLALL_PROG -9 fsstress > /dev/null 2>&1
> > +	wait	# for exercise_cpu_hotplug subprocess
> > +	for i in "$sysfs_cpu_dir/"cpu*/online; do
> > +		echo 1 > "$i" 2>/dev/null
> > +	done
> > +}
> > +
> > +exercise_cpu_hotplug()
> > +{
> > +	while [ -e $sentinel_file ]; do
> > +		local idx=$(( RANDOM % nr_hotplug_cpus ))
> > +		local cpu="${hotplug_cpus[idx]}"
> > +		local action=$(( RANDOM % 2 ))
> > +
> > +		echo "$action" > "$sysfs_cpu_dir/cpu$cpu/online" 2>/dev/null
> > +		sleep 0.5
> > +	done
> > +}
> > +
> > +_supported_fs generic
> > +
> > +sysfs_cpu_dir="/sys/devices/system/cpu"
> > +
> > +# Figure out which CPU(s) support hotplug.
> > +nrcpus=$(getconf _NPROCESSORS_CONF)
> > +hotplug_cpus=()
> > +for ((i = 0; i < nrcpus; i++ )); do
> > +	test -e "$sysfs_cpu_dir/cpu$i/online" && hotplug_cpus+=("$i")
> > +done
> > +nr_hotplug_cpus="${#hotplug_cpus[@]}"
> > +test "$nr_hotplug_cpus" -gt 0 || _notrun "CPU hotplugging not supported"
> > +
> > +_require_scratch
> > +_require_command "$KILLALL_PROG" "killall"
> > +
> > +echo "Silence is golden."
> > +
> > +_scratch_mkfs > $seqres.full 2>&1
> > +_scratch_mount >> $seqres.full 2>&1
> 
> I think we could just run fsstress against a dir in $TEST_DIR?

Ok.

> > +
> > +sentinel_file=$tmp.hotplug
> > +touch $sentinel_file
> > +exercise_cpu_hotplug &
> > +
> > +nr_cpus=$((LOAD_FACTOR * nr_hotplug_cpus))
> 
> We'd better to cap nr_cpu just in case we're testing on a system with
> 1024 cpus and taking very long time for fsstress to finish.

Not sure why that matters, but I'll cap the number of IO thread at one
per hotpluggable CPU if we go over 1024.

--D

> Thanks,
> Eryu
> 
> > +nr_ops=$((25000 * TIME_FACTOR))
> > +$FSSTRESS_PROG $FSSTRESS_AVOID -w -d $SCRATCH_MNT -n $nr_ops -p $nr_cpus >> $seqres.full
> > +rm -f $sentinel_file
> > +
> > +# success, all done
> > +status=0
> > +exit
> > diff --git a/tests/generic/726.out b/tests/generic/726.out
> > new file mode 100644
> > index 00000000..6839f8ce
> > --- /dev/null
> > +++ b/tests/generic/726.out
> > @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
> > +QA output created by 726
> > +Silence is golden.
> > 

Re: [PATCHSET v2 0/3] fstests: exercise code refactored in 5.14

[Darrick J. Wong]

On Sun, Sep 05, 2021 at 11:04:33PM +0800, Eryu Guan wrote:
> On Tue, Aug 31, 2021 at 05:11:44PM -0700, Darrick J. Wong wrote:
> > Hi all,
> > 
> > Add new tests to exercise code that got refactored in 5.14.  The
> > nested shutdown test simulates the process of recovering after a VM host
> > filesystem goes down and the guests have to recover.
> > 
> > v2: fix some bugs pointed out by the maintainer, add cpu offlining stress test
> 
> Thanks for the revision! I've applied patch 2 and 3 for the update.

Cool, thanks!

--D

> Thanks,
> Eryu
> 
> > 
> > If you're going to start using this mess, you probably ought to just
> > pull from my git trees, which are linked below.
> > 
> > This is an extraordinary way to destroy everything.  Enjoy!
> > Comments and questions are, as always, welcome.
> > 
> > --D
> > 
> > fstests git tree:
> > https://git.kernel.org/cgit/linux/kernel/git/djwong/xfstests-dev.git/log/?h=new-tests-for-5.14
> > ---
> >  common/rc             |   24 +++++++++
> >  tests/generic/725     |  136 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
> >  tests/generic/725.out |    2 +
> >  tests/generic/726     |   69 +++++++++++++++++++++++++
> >  tests/generic/726.out |    2 +
> >  tests/xfs/449         |    2 -
> >  6 files changed, 234 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)
> >  create mode 100755 tests/generic/725
> >  create mode 100644 tests/generic/725.out
> >  create mode 100755 tests/generic/726
> >  create mode 100644 tests/generic/726.out