* [PATCH 1/2] KVM: PPC: Book3S HV: Fix race in re-enabling XIVE escalation interrupts
2019-08-12 5:06 [PATCH 0/2] powerpc/xive: Fix race condition leading to host crashes and hangs Paul Mackerras
@ 2019-08-12 5:07 ` Paul Mackerras
2019-08-13 4:59 ` Paul Mackerras
2019-08-12 5:07 ` [PATCH 2/2] powerpc/xive: Implement get_irqchip_state method for XIVE to fix shutdown race Paul Mackerras
1 sibling, 1 reply; 6+ messages in thread
From: Paul Mackerras @ 2019-08-12 5:07 UTC (permalink / raw)
To: linuxppc-dev, kvm; +Cc: kvm-ppc, David Gibson
Escalation interrupts are interrupts sent to the host by the XIVE
hardware when it has an interrupt to deliver to a guest VCPU but that
VCPU is not running anywhere in the system. Hence we disable the
escalation interrupt for the VCPU being run when we enter the guest
and re-enable it when the guest does an H_CEDE hypercall indicating
it is idle.
It is possible that an escalation interrupt gets generated just as we
are entering the guest. In that case the escalation interrupt may be
using a queue entry in one of the interrupt queues, and that queue
entry may not have been processed when the guest exits with an H_CEDE.
The existing entry code detects this situation and does not clear the
vcpu->arch.xive_esc_on flag as an indication that there is a pending
queue entry (if the queue entry gets processed, xive_esc_irq() will
clear the flag). There is a comment in the code saying that if the
flag is still set on H_CEDE, we have to abort the cede rather than
re-enabling the escalation interrupt, lest we end up with two
occurrences of the escalation interrupt in the interrupt queue.
However, the exit code doesn't do that; it aborts the cede in the sense
that vcpu->arch.ceded gets cleared, but it still enables the escalation
interrupt by setting the source's PQ bits to 00. Instead we need to
set the PQ bits to 10, indicating that an interrupt has been triggered.
We also need to avoid setting vcpu->arch.xive_esc_on in this case
(i.e. vcpu->arch.xive_esc_on seen to be set on H_CEDE) because
xive_esc_irq() will run at some point and clear it, and if we race with
that we may end up with an incorrect result (i.e. xive_esc_on set when
the escalation interrupt has just been handled).
It is extremely unlikely that having two queue entries would cause
observable problems; theoretically it could cause queue overflow, but
the CPU would have to have thousands of interrupts targetted to it for
that to be possible. However, this fix will also make it possible to
determine accurately whether there is an unhandled escalation
interrupt in the queue, which will be needed by the following patch.
Signed-off-by: Paul Mackerras <paulus@ozlabs.org>
---
arch/powerpc/kvm/book3s_hv_rmhandlers.S | 23 ++++++++++++++++-------
1 file changed, 16 insertions(+), 7 deletions(-)
diff --git a/arch/powerpc/kvm/book3s_hv_rmhandlers.S b/arch/powerpc/kvm/book3s_hv_rmhandlers.S
index 337e64468d78..0e70d63b16b3 100644
--- a/arch/powerpc/kvm/book3s_hv_rmhandlers.S
+++ b/arch/powerpc/kvm/book3s_hv_rmhandlers.S
@@ -2831,29 +2831,38 @@ kvm_cede_prodded:
kvm_cede_exit:
ld r9, HSTATE_KVM_VCPU(r13)
#ifdef CONFIG_KVM_XICS
- /* Abort if we still have a pending escalation */
+ li r6, XIVE_ESB_SET_PQ_00
+ /*
+ * If we still have a pending escalation, abort the cede,
+ * and we must set PQ to 10 rather than 00 so that we don't
+ * potentially end up with two entries for the escalation
+ * interrupt in the XIVE interrupt queue. In that case
+ * we also don't want to set xive_esc_on to 1 here in
+ * case we race with xive_esc_irq().
+ */
lbz r5, VCPU_XIVE_ESC_ON(r9)
cmpwi r5, 0
- beq 1f
+ beq 4f
li r0, 0
stb r0, VCPU_CEDED(r9)
+ li r6, XIVE_ESB_SET_PQ_10
+ b 1f
+4: li r0, 1
+ stb r0, VCPU_XIVE_ESC_ON(r9)
1: /* Enable XIVE escalation */
- li r5, XIVE_ESB_SET_PQ_00
mfmsr r0
andi. r0, r0, MSR_DR /* in real mode? */
beq 1f
ld r10, VCPU_XIVE_ESC_VADDR(r9)
cmpdi r10, 0
beq 3f
- ldx r0, r10, r5
+ ldx r0, r10, r6
b 2f
1: ld r10, VCPU_XIVE_ESC_RADDR(r9)
cmpdi r10, 0
beq 3f
- ldcix r0, r10, r5
+ ldcix r0, r10, r6
2: sync
- li r0, 1
- stb r0, VCPU_XIVE_ESC_ON(r9)
#endif /* CONFIG_KVM_XICS */
3: b guest_exit_cont
--
2.11.0
^ permalink raw reply related [flat|nested] 6+ messages in thread
* [PATCH 2/2] powerpc/xive: Implement get_irqchip_state method for XIVE to fix shutdown race
2019-08-12 5:06 [PATCH 0/2] powerpc/xive: Fix race condition leading to host crashes and hangs Paul Mackerras
2019-08-12 5:07 ` [PATCH 1/2] KVM: PPC: Book3S HV: Fix race in re-enabling XIVE escalation interrupts Paul Mackerras
@ 2019-08-12 5:07 ` Paul Mackerras
2019-08-13 3:52 ` Lijun Pan
1 sibling, 1 reply; 6+ messages in thread
From: Paul Mackerras @ 2019-08-12 5:07 UTC (permalink / raw)
To: linuxppc-dev, kvm; +Cc: kvm-ppc, David Gibson
Testing has revealed the existence of a race condition where a XIVE
interrupt being shut down can be in one of the XIVE interrupt queues
(of which there are up to 8 per CPU, one for each priority) at the
point where free_irq() is called. If this happens, can return an
interrupt number which has been shut down. This can lead to various
symptoms:
- irq_to_desc(irq) can be NULL. In this case, no end-of-interrupt
function gets called, resulting in the CPU's elevated interrupt
priority (numerically lowered CPPR) never gets reset. That then
means that the CPU stops processing interrupts, causing device
timeouts and other errors in various device drivers.
- The irq descriptor or related data structures can be in the process
of being freed as the interrupt code is using them. This typically
leads to crashes due to bad pointer dereferences.
This race is basically what commit 62e0468650c3 ("genirq: Add optional
hardware synchronization for shutdown", 2019-06-28) is intended to
fix, given a get_irqchip_state() method for the interrupt controller
being used. It works by polling the interrupt controller when an
interrupt is being freed until the controller says it is not pending.
With XIVE, the PQ bits of the interrupt source indicate the state of
the interrupt source, and in particular the P bit goes from 0 to 1 at
the point where the hardware writes an entry into the interrupt queue
that this interrupt is directed towards. Normally, the code will then
process the interrupt and do an end-of-interrupt (EOI) operation which
will reset PQ to 00 (assuming another interrupt hasn't been generated
in the meantime). However, there are situations where the code resets
P even though a queue entry exists (for example, by setting PQ to 01,
which disables the interrupt source), and also situations where the
code leaves P at 1 after removing the queue entry (for example, this
is done for escalation interrupts so they cannot fire again until
they are explicitly re-enabled).
The code already has a 'saved_p' flag for the interrupt source which
indicates that a queue entry exists, although it isn't maintained
consistently. This patch adds a 'stale_p' flag to indicate that
P has been left at 1 after processing a queue entry, and adds code
to set and clear saved_p and stale_p as necessary to maintain a
consistent indication of whether a queue entry may or may not exist.
With this, we can implement xive_get_irqchip_state() by looking at
stale_p, saved_p and the ESB PQ bits for the interrupt.
There is some additional code to handle escalation interrupts properly;
because they are enabled and disabled in KVM assembly code, which does
not have access to the xive_irq_data struct for the escalation
interrupt. Hence, stale_p may be incorrect when the escalation
interrupt is freed in kvmppc_xive_cleanup_vcpu(). Fortunately, we
can fix it up by looking at vcpu->arch.xive_esc_on, with some
careful attention to barriers in order to ensure the correct result
if xive_esc_irq() races with kvmppc_xive_cleanup_vcpu().
Finally, this adds code to make noise on the console (pr_crit and
WARN_ON(1)) if we find an interrupt queue entry for an interrupt
which does not have a descriptor. While this won't catch the race
reliably, if it does get triggered it will be an indication that
the race is occurring and needs to be debugged.
Signed-off-by: Paul Mackerras <paulus@ozlabs.org>
---
arch/powerpc/include/asm/xive.h | 8 ++++
arch/powerpc/kvm/book3s_xive.c | 31 ++++++++++++++
arch/powerpc/sysdev/xive/common.c | 87 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++-----------
3 files changed, 103 insertions(+), 23 deletions(-)
diff --git a/arch/powerpc/include/asm/xive.h b/arch/powerpc/include/asm/xive.h
index e4016985764e..efb0e597b272 100644
--- a/arch/powerpc/include/asm/xive.h
+++ b/arch/powerpc/include/asm/xive.h
@@ -46,7 +46,15 @@ struct xive_irq_data {
/* Setup/used by frontend */
int target;
+ /*
+ * saved_p means that there is a queue entry for this interrupt
+ * in some CPU's queue (not including guest vcpu queues), even
+ * if P is not set in the source ESB.
+ * stale_p means that there is no queue entry for this interrupt
+ * in some CPU's queue, even if P is set in the source ESB.
+ */
bool saved_p;
+ bool stale_p;
};
#define XIVE_IRQ_FLAG_STORE_EOI 0x01
#define XIVE_IRQ_FLAG_LSI 0x02
diff --git a/arch/powerpc/kvm/book3s_xive.c b/arch/powerpc/kvm/book3s_xive.c
index 09f838aa3138..74eea009c095 100644
--- a/arch/powerpc/kvm/book3s_xive.c
+++ b/arch/powerpc/kvm/book3s_xive.c
@@ -160,6 +160,9 @@ static irqreturn_t xive_esc_irq(int irq, void *data)
*/
vcpu->arch.xive_esc_on = false;
+ /* This orders xive_esc_on = false vs. subsequent stale_p = true */
+ smp_wmb(); /* goes with smp_mb() in cleanup_single_escalation */
+
return IRQ_HANDLED;
}
@@ -1113,6 +1116,31 @@ void kvmppc_xive_disable_vcpu_interrupts(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
vcpu->arch.xive_esc_raddr = 0;
}
+/*
+ * In single escalation mode, the escalation interrupt is marked so
+ * that EOI doesn't re-enable it, but just sets the stale_p flag to
+ * indicate that the P bit has already been dealt with. However, the
+ * assembly code that enters the guest sets PQ to 00 without clearing
+ * stale_p (because it has no easy way to address it). Hence we have
+ * to adjust stale_p before shutting down the interrupt.
+ */
+static void cleanup_single_escalation(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu,
+ struct kvmppc_xive_vcpu *xc, int irq)
+{
+ struct irq_data *d = irq_get_irq_data(irq);
+ struct xive_irq_data *xd = irq_data_get_irq_handler_data(d);
+
+ /*
+ * This slightly odd sequence gives the right result
+ * (i.e. stale_p set if xive_esc_on is false) even if
+ * we race with xive_esc_irq() and xive_irq_eoi().
+ */
+ xd->stale_p = false;
+ smp_mb(); /* paired with smb_wmb in xive_esc_irq */
+ if (!vcpu->arch.xive_esc_on)
+ xd->stale_p = true;
+}
+
void kvmppc_xive_cleanup_vcpu(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
{
struct kvmppc_xive_vcpu *xc = vcpu->arch.xive_vcpu;
@@ -1137,6 +1165,9 @@ void kvmppc_xive_cleanup_vcpu(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
/* Free escalations */
for (i = 0; i < KVMPPC_XIVE_Q_COUNT; i++) {
if (xc->esc_virq[i]) {
+ if (xc->xive->single_escalation)
+ cleanup_single_escalation(vcpu, xc,
+ xc->esc_virq[i]);
free_irq(xc->esc_virq[i], vcpu);
irq_dispose_mapping(xc->esc_virq[i]);
kfree(xc->esc_virq_names[i]);
diff --git a/arch/powerpc/sysdev/xive/common.c b/arch/powerpc/sysdev/xive/common.c
index 1cdb39575eae..be86fce1a84e 100644
--- a/arch/powerpc/sysdev/xive/common.c
+++ b/arch/powerpc/sysdev/xive/common.c
@@ -135,7 +135,7 @@ static u32 xive_read_eq(struct xive_q *q, bool just_peek)
static u32 xive_scan_interrupts(struct xive_cpu *xc, bool just_peek)
{
u32 irq = 0;
- u8 prio;
+ u8 prio = 0;
/* Find highest pending priority */
while (xc->pending_prio != 0) {
@@ -148,8 +148,19 @@ static u32 xive_scan_interrupts(struct xive_cpu *xc, bool just_peek)
irq = xive_read_eq(&xc->queue[prio], just_peek);
/* Found something ? That's it */
- if (irq)
- break;
+ if (irq) {
+ if (just_peek || irq_to_desc(irq))
+ break;
+ /*
+ * We should never get here; if we do then we must
+ * have failed to synchronize the interrupt properly
+ * when shutting it down.
+ */
+ pr_crit("xive: got interrupt %d without descriptor, dropping\n",
+ irq);
+ WARN_ON(1);
+ continue;
+ }
/* Clear pending bits */
xc->pending_prio &= ~(1 << prio);
@@ -307,6 +318,7 @@ static void xive_do_queue_eoi(struct xive_cpu *xc)
*/
static void xive_do_source_eoi(u32 hw_irq, struct xive_irq_data *xd)
{
+ xd->stale_p = false;
/* If the XIVE supports the new "store EOI facility, use it */
if (xd->flags & XIVE_IRQ_FLAG_STORE_EOI)
xive_esb_write(xd, XIVE_ESB_STORE_EOI, 0);
@@ -350,7 +362,7 @@ static void xive_do_source_eoi(u32 hw_irq, struct xive_irq_data *xd)
}
}
-/* irq_chip eoi callback */
+/* irq_chip eoi callback, called with irq descriptor lock held */
static void xive_irq_eoi(struct irq_data *d)
{
struct xive_irq_data *xd = irq_data_get_irq_handler_data(d);
@@ -366,6 +378,8 @@ static void xive_irq_eoi(struct irq_data *d)
if (!irqd_irq_disabled(d) && !irqd_is_forwarded_to_vcpu(d) &&
!(xd->flags & XIVE_IRQ_NO_EOI))
xive_do_source_eoi(irqd_to_hwirq(d), xd);
+ else
+ xd->stale_p = true;
/*
* Clear saved_p to indicate that it's no longer occupying
@@ -397,11 +411,16 @@ static void xive_do_source_set_mask(struct xive_irq_data *xd,
*/
if (mask) {
val = xive_esb_read(xd, XIVE_ESB_SET_PQ_01);
- xd->saved_p = !!(val & XIVE_ESB_VAL_P);
- } else if (xd->saved_p)
+ if (!xd->stale_p && !!(val & XIVE_ESB_VAL_P))
+ xd->saved_p = true;
+ xd->stale_p = false;
+ } else if (xd->saved_p) {
xive_esb_read(xd, XIVE_ESB_SET_PQ_10);
- else
+ xd->saved_p = false;
+ } else {
xive_esb_read(xd, XIVE_ESB_SET_PQ_00);
+ xd->stale_p = false;
+ }
}
/*
@@ -541,6 +560,8 @@ static unsigned int xive_irq_startup(struct irq_data *d)
unsigned int hw_irq = (unsigned int)irqd_to_hwirq(d);
int target, rc;
+ xd->saved_p = false;
+ xd->stale_p = false;
pr_devel("xive_irq_startup: irq %d [0x%x] data @%p\n",
d->irq, hw_irq, d);
@@ -587,6 +608,7 @@ static unsigned int xive_irq_startup(struct irq_data *d)
return 0;
}
+/* called with irq descriptor lock held */
static void xive_irq_shutdown(struct irq_data *d)
{
struct xive_irq_data *xd = irq_data_get_irq_handler_data(d);
@@ -602,16 +624,6 @@ static void xive_irq_shutdown(struct irq_data *d)
xive_do_source_set_mask(xd, true);
/*
- * The above may have set saved_p. We clear it otherwise it
- * will prevent re-enabling later on. It is ok to forget the
- * fact that the interrupt might be in a queue because we are
- * accounting that already in xive_dec_target_count() and will
- * be re-routing it to a new queue with proper accounting when
- * it's started up again
- */
- xd->saved_p = false;
-
- /*
* Mask the interrupt in HW in the IVT/EAS and set the number
* to be the "bad" IRQ number
*/
@@ -797,6 +809,10 @@ static int xive_irq_retrigger(struct irq_data *d)
return 1;
}
+/*
+ * Caller holds the irq descriptor lock, so this won't be called
+ * concurrently with xive_get_irqchip_state on the same interrupt.
+ */
static int xive_irq_set_vcpu_affinity(struct irq_data *d, void *state)
{
struct xive_irq_data *xd = irq_data_get_irq_handler_data(d);
@@ -820,6 +836,10 @@ static int xive_irq_set_vcpu_affinity(struct irq_data *d, void *state)
/* Set it to PQ=10 state to prevent further sends */
pq = xive_esb_read(xd, XIVE_ESB_SET_PQ_10);
+ if (!xd->stale_p) {
+ xd->saved_p = !!(pq & XIVE_ESB_VAL_P);
+ xd->stale_p = !xd->saved_p;
+ }
/* No target ? nothing to do */
if (xd->target == XIVE_INVALID_TARGET) {
@@ -827,7 +847,7 @@ static int xive_irq_set_vcpu_affinity(struct irq_data *d, void *state)
* An untargetted interrupt should have been
* also masked at the source
*/
- WARN_ON(pq & 2);
+ WARN_ON(xd->saved_p);
return 0;
}
@@ -847,9 +867,8 @@ static int xive_irq_set_vcpu_affinity(struct irq_data *d, void *state)
* This saved_p is cleared by the host EOI, when we know
* for sure the queue slot is no longer in use.
*/
- if (pq & 2) {
- pq = xive_esb_read(xd, XIVE_ESB_SET_PQ_11);
- xd->saved_p = true;
+ if (xd->saved_p) {
+ xive_esb_read(xd, XIVE_ESB_SET_PQ_11);
/*
* Sync the XIVE source HW to ensure the interrupt
@@ -862,8 +881,7 @@ static int xive_irq_set_vcpu_affinity(struct irq_data *d, void *state)
*/
if (xive_ops->sync_source)
xive_ops->sync_source(hw_irq);
- } else
- xd->saved_p = false;
+ }
} else {
irqd_clr_forwarded_to_vcpu(d);
@@ -914,6 +932,23 @@ static int xive_irq_set_vcpu_affinity(struct irq_data *d, void *state)
return 0;
}
+/* Called with irq descriptor lock held. */
+static int xive_get_irqchip_state(struct irq_data *data,
+ enum irqchip_irq_state which, bool *state)
+{
+ struct xive_irq_data *xd = irq_data_get_irq_handler_data(data);
+
+ switch (which) {
+ case IRQCHIP_STATE_ACTIVE:
+ *state = !xd->stale_p &&
+ (xd->saved_p ||
+ !!(xive_esb_read(xd, XIVE_ESB_GET) & XIVE_ESB_VAL_P));
+ return 0;
+ default:
+ return -EINVAL;
+ }
+}
+
static struct irq_chip xive_irq_chip = {
.name = "XIVE-IRQ",
.irq_startup = xive_irq_startup,
@@ -925,6 +960,7 @@ static struct irq_chip xive_irq_chip = {
.irq_set_type = xive_irq_set_type,
.irq_retrigger = xive_irq_retrigger,
.irq_set_vcpu_affinity = xive_irq_set_vcpu_affinity,
+ .irq_get_irqchip_state = xive_get_irqchip_state,
};
bool is_xive_irq(struct irq_chip *chip)
@@ -1338,6 +1374,11 @@ static void xive_flush_cpu_queue(unsigned int cpu, struct xive_cpu *xc)
xd = irq_desc_get_handler_data(desc);
/*
+ * Clear saved_p to indicate that it's no longer pending
+ */
+ xd->saved_p = false;
+
+ /*
* For LSIs, we EOI, this will cause a resend if it's
* still asserted. Otherwise do an MSI retrigger.
*/
--
2.11.0
^ permalink raw reply related [flat|nested] 6+ messages in thread