From mboxrd@z Thu Jan 1 00:00:00 1970 Return-Path: X-Spam-Checker-Version: SpamAssassin 3.4.0 (2014-02-07) on aws-us-west-2-korg-lkml-1.web.codeaurora.org X-Spam-Level: X-Spam-Status: No, score=-8.8 required=3.0 tests=DKIM_SIGNED,DKIM_VALID, DKIM_VALID_AU,FREEMAIL_FORGED_FROMDOMAIN,FREEMAIL_FROM, HEADER_FROM_DIFFERENT_DOMAINS,INCLUDES_PATCH,MAILING_LIST_MULTI,SIGNED_OFF_BY, SPF_PASS,URIBL_BLOCKED,USER_AGENT_GIT autolearn=ham autolearn_force=no version=3.4.0 Received: from mail.kernel.org (mail.kernel.org [198.145.29.99]) by smtp.lore.kernel.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 6193FC04A6B for ; Wed, 8 May 2019 15:23:46 +0000 (UTC) Received: from vger.kernel.org (vger.kernel.org [209.132.180.67]) by mail.kernel.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 2705521530 for ; Wed, 8 May 2019 15:23:46 +0000 (UTC) Authentication-Results: mail.kernel.org; dkim=pass (2048-bit key) header.d=gmail.com header.i=@gmail.com header.b="XfxA54mp" Received: (majordomo@vger.kernel.org) by vger.kernel.org via listexpand id S1728321AbfEHPXo (ORCPT ); Wed, 8 May 2019 11:23:44 -0400 Received: from mail-pl1-f193.google.com ([209.85.214.193]:44233 "EHLO mail-pl1-f193.google.com" rhost-flags-OK-OK-OK-OK) by vger.kernel.org with ESMTP id S1727112AbfEHPXm (ORCPT ); Wed, 8 May 2019 11:23:42 -0400 Received: by mail-pl1-f193.google.com with SMTP id d3so6066153plj.11; Wed, 08 May 2019 08:23:42 -0700 (PDT) DKIM-Signature: v=1; a=rsa-sha256; c=relaxed/relaxed; d=gmail.com; s=20161025; h=from:to:cc:subject:date:message-id:in-reply-to:references :mime-version:content-transfer-encoding; bh=+HtXa4Ue9AbTj0aCIbX5pYV5pqTXz//dsdosYq60Tuc=; b=XfxA54mp9EMnunv7+lG6hqgizijWPnfMtaft1/tW5sJ/8oAQFyH/9hyiAK/0UeBTeu 47nUU3GPZedUMOpH5Ck/4uALKLBLXWw1P1napdM2b+eZPJ6qpHGfk0F5Ibnd1ZgPD49o mRNNsCHsRZo1Y3c2Tv+apVJxrL6hJzn4HlkjgEm3zRXrDzdEvr4LDRNHSB/Gmbns7IHt 8B7XuprISHRTJnoCdXdy7FcMl6f6M6+HT0FORVYWw3pYhxXlz83s3XNwnxnSLcrMltRE RAukZ8MHQm8y/gkWSGcr1/GLmmY+DsyxM6+AwNiHhatuCLKCImNMjq0AkIo3wy3/5zPq vh5Q== X-Google-DKIM-Signature: v=1; a=rsa-sha256; c=relaxed/relaxed; d=1e100.net; s=20161025; h=x-gm-message-state:from:to:cc:subject:date:message-id:in-reply-to :references:mime-version:content-transfer-encoding; bh=+HtXa4Ue9AbTj0aCIbX5pYV5pqTXz//dsdosYq60Tuc=; b=R8lj87SU4w9CvEjRjmxCaKCgFcRQaRDDUz4Fc7pKF887P6QFeWsscqru13N/ShzAus 4OQfAtiIl4wsrQLohF7Cld0uo1NzZieWNGiDl+W8QfEjZuYWA/id6HewUoct9fzaJiu8 D7YwE0s8fwSmo17uCWQApMz9HVqs0K0Rj7xnmiy6djBet+1fibT9svX24FiSVbWoAMIH Tzikj2kZrRorn2C6b1aav0QcLs6cJC7SjTRl3z3fOKW2GqJYTfCJFTDDO/7KSlZx4D1i 6KENNMXiO/o6AwK3RRkLJ0GzYWlZ1uuhzvkSWh/hoeG08Dx18w68tEzIOnM0EjFbinkE C6Nw== X-Gm-Message-State: APjAAAVM8HEGIKlDflMLv7o4AL2tK9e9CApgugTfdVx549dziUSSdXZO TCbyMZ+89gQxGIWmpNVFC10= X-Google-Smtp-Source: APXvYqyUjhw1p6ZEqTOZzafbT4V6UVfd0HgEUG+drhfd3huNXjt5/uYM+jZvFi6hIQoZXGMVHz4oQw== X-Received: by 2002:a17:902:b193:: with SMTP id s19mr49134718plr.17.1557329021875; Wed, 08 May 2019 08:23:41 -0700 (PDT) Received: from localhost.localdomain ([104.238.181.70]) by smtp.gmail.com with ESMTPSA id o73sm7459360pfi.137.2019.05.08.08.23.36 (version=TLS1_3 cipher=AEAD-AES256-GCM-SHA384 bits=256/256); Wed, 08 May 2019 08:23:41 -0700 (PDT) From: Changbin Du To: corbet@lwn.net, tglx@linutronix.de, mingo@redhat.com, bp@alien8.de Cc: x86@kernel.org, linux-doc@vger.kernel.org, linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org, Changbin Du , Mauro Carvalho Chehab Subject: [PATCH v4 16/27] Documentation: x86: convert microcode.txt to reST Date: Wed, 8 May 2019 23:21:30 +0800 Message-Id: <20190508152141.8740-17-changbin.du@gmail.com> X-Mailer: git-send-email 2.20.1 In-Reply-To: <20190508152141.8740-1-changbin.du@gmail.com> References: <20190508152141.8740-1-changbin.du@gmail.com> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit Sender: linux-kernel-owner@vger.kernel.org Precedence: bulk List-ID: X-Mailing-List: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org This converts the plain text documentation to reStructuredText format and add it to Sphinx TOC tree. No essential content change. Signed-off-by: Changbin Du Reviewed-by: Mauro Carvalho Chehab --- Documentation/x86/index.rst | 1 + .../x86/{microcode.txt => microcode.rst} | 62 ++++++++++--------- 2 files changed, 35 insertions(+), 28 deletions(-) rename Documentation/x86/{microcode.txt => microcode.rst} (81%) diff --git a/Documentation/x86/index.rst b/Documentation/x86/index.rst index 6719defc16f8..ae29c026be72 100644 --- a/Documentation/x86/index.rst +++ b/Documentation/x86/index.rst @@ -22,3 +22,4 @@ x86-specific Documentation intel_mpx amd-memory-encryption pti + microcode diff --git a/Documentation/x86/microcode.txt b/Documentation/x86/microcode.rst similarity index 81% rename from Documentation/x86/microcode.txt rename to Documentation/x86/microcode.rst index 79fdb4a8148a..a320d37982ed 100644 --- a/Documentation/x86/microcode.txt +++ b/Documentation/x86/microcode.rst @@ -1,7 +1,11 @@ - The Linux Microcode Loader +.. SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 -Authors: Fenghua Yu - Borislav Petkov +========================== +The Linux Microcode Loader +========================== + +:Authors: - Fenghua Yu + - Borislav Petkov The kernel has a x86 microcode loading facility which is supposed to provide microcode loading methods in the OS. Potential use cases are @@ -10,8 +14,8 @@ and updating the microcode on long-running systems without rebooting. The loader supports three loading methods: -1. Early load microcode -======================= +Early load microcode +==================== The kernel can update microcode very early during boot. Loading microcode early can fix CPU issues before they are observed during @@ -26,8 +30,10 @@ loader parses the combined initrd image during boot. The microcode files in cpio name space are: -on Intel: kernel/x86/microcode/GenuineIntel.bin -on AMD : kernel/x86/microcode/AuthenticAMD.bin +on Intel: + kernel/x86/microcode/GenuineIntel.bin +on AMD : + kernel/x86/microcode/AuthenticAMD.bin During BSP (BootStrapping Processor) boot (pre-SMP), the kernel scans the microcode file in the initrd. If microcode matching the @@ -42,8 +48,8 @@ Here's a crude example how to prepare an initrd with microcode (this is normally done automatically by the distribution, when recreating the initrd, so you don't really have to do it yourself. It is documented here for future reference only). +:: ---- #!/bin/bash if [ -z "$1" ]; then @@ -76,15 +82,15 @@ here for future reference only). cat ucode.cpio $INITRD.orig > $INITRD rm -rf $TMPDIR ---- + The system needs to have the microcode packages installed into /lib/firmware or you need to fixup the paths above if yours are somewhere else and/or you've downloaded them directly from the processor vendor's site. -2. Late loading -=============== +Late loading +============ There are two legacy user space interfaces to load microcode, either through /dev/cpu/microcode or through /sys/devices/system/cpu/microcode/reload file @@ -94,9 +100,9 @@ The /dev/cpu/microcode method is deprecated because it needs a special userspace tool for that. The easier method is simply installing the microcode packages your distro -supplies and running: +supplies and running:: -# echo 1 > /sys/devices/system/cpu/microcode/reload + # echo 1 > /sys/devices/system/cpu/microcode/reload as root. @@ -104,29 +110,29 @@ The loading mechanism looks for microcode blobs in /lib/firmware/{intel-ucode,amd-ucode}. The default distro installation packages already put them there. -3. Builtin microcode -==================== +Builtin microcode +================= The loader supports also loading of a builtin microcode supplied through the regular builtin firmware method CONFIG_EXTRA_FIRMWARE. Only 64-bit is currently supported. -Here's an example: +Here's an example:: -CONFIG_EXTRA_FIRMWARE="intel-ucode/06-3a-09 amd-ucode/microcode_amd_fam15h.bin" -CONFIG_EXTRA_FIRMWARE_DIR="/lib/firmware" + CONFIG_EXTRA_FIRMWARE="intel-ucode/06-3a-09 amd-ucode/microcode_amd_fam15h.bin" + CONFIG_EXTRA_FIRMWARE_DIR="/lib/firmware" -This basically means, you have the following tree structure locally: +This basically means, you have the following tree structure locally:: -/lib/firmware/ -|-- amd-ucode -... -| |-- microcode_amd_fam15h.bin -... -|-- intel-ucode -... -| |-- 06-3a-09 -... + /lib/firmware/ + |-- amd-ucode + ... + | |-- microcode_amd_fam15h.bin + ... + |-- intel-ucode + ... + | |-- 06-3a-09 + ... so that the build system can find those files and integrate them into the final kernel image. The early loader finds them and applies them. -- 2.20.1