[RFC v4][PATCH part-1 1/7] mm/x86: Introduce kernel Address Space Isolation (ASI)

[Alexandre Chartre <alexandre.chartre@oracle.com>]

Introduce core functions and structures for implementing Address Space
Isolation (ASI). Kernel address space isolation provides the ability to
run some kernel code with a reduced kernel address space.

An address space isolation is defined with a struct asi structure and
associated with an ASI type and a pagetable.

Signed-off-by: Alexandre Chartre <alexandre.chartre@oracle.com>
---
 arch/x86/include/asm/asi.h | 88 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 arch/x86/mm/Makefile       |  1 +
 arch/x86/mm/asi.c          | 60 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 security/Kconfig           | 10 +++++
 4 files changed, 159 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 arch/x86/include/asm/asi.h
 create mode 100644 arch/x86/mm/asi.c

diff --git a/arch/x86/include/asm/asi.h b/arch/x86/include/asm/asi.h
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..844a81fb84d2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/arch/x86/include/asm/asi.h
@@ -0,0 +1,88 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
+#ifndef ARCH_X86_MM_ASI_H
+#define ARCH_X86_MM_ASI_H
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_ADDRESS_SPACE_ISOLATION
+
+/*
+ * An Address Space Isolation (ASI) is defined with a struct asi and
+ * associated with an ASI type (struct asi_type). All ASIs of the same
+ * type reference the same ASI type.
+ *
+ * An ASI type has a unique PCID prefix (a value in the range [1, 255])
+ * which is used to define the PCID used for the ASI CR3 value. The
+ * first four bits of the ASI PCID come from the kernel PCID (a value
+ * between 1 and 6, see TLB_NR_DYN_ASIDS). The remaining 8 bits are
+ * filled with the ASI PCID prefix.
+ *
+ *   ASI PCID = (ASI Type PCID Prefix << 4) | Kernel PCID
+ *
+ * The ASI PCID is used to optimize TLB flushing when switching between
+ * the kernel and ASI pagetables. The optimization is valid only when
+ * a task switches between ASI of different types. If a task switches
+ * between different ASIs with the same type then the ASI TLB the task
+ * is switching to will always be flushed.
+ */
+
+#define ASI_PCID_PREFIX_SHIFT	4
+#define ASI_PCID_PREFIX_MASK	0xff0
+#define ASI_KERNEL_PCID_MASK	0x00f
+
+/*
+ * We use bit 12 of a pagetable pointer (and so of the CR3 value) as
+ * a way to know if a pointer/CR3 is referencing a full kernel page
+ * table or an ASI page table.
+ *
+ * A full kernel pagetable is always located on the first half of an
+ * 8K buffer, while an ASI pagetable is always located on the second
+ * half of an 8K buffer.
+ */
+#define ASI_PGTABLE_BIT		PAGE_SHIFT
+#define ASI_PGTABLE_MASK	(1 << ASI_PGTABLE_BIT)
+
+#ifndef __ASSEMBLY__
+
+#include <linux/export.h>
+
+struct asi_type {
+	int			pcid_prefix;	/* PCID prefix */
+};
+
+/*
+ * Macro to define and declare an ASI type.
+ *
+ * Declaring an ASI type will also define an inline function
+ * (asi_create_<typename>()) to easily create an ASI of the
+ * specified type.
+ */
+#define DEFINE_ASI_TYPE(name, pcid_prefix)			\
+	struct asi_type asi_type_ ## name = {			\
+		pcid_prefix,					\
+	};							\
+	EXPORT_SYMBOL(asi_type_ ## name)
+
+#define DECLARE_ASI_TYPE(name)				\
+	extern struct asi_type asi_type_ ## name;	\
+	DECLARE_ASI_CREATE(name)
+
+#define DECLARE_ASI_CREATE(name)			\
+static inline struct asi *asi_create_ ## name(void)	\
+{							\
+	return asi_create(&asi_type_ ## name);		\
+}
+
+struct asi {
+	struct asi_type		*type;		/* ASI type */
+	pgd_t			*pagetable;	/* ASI pagetable */
+	unsigned long		base_cr3;	/* base ASI CR3 */
+};
+
+extern struct asi *asi_create(struct asi_type *type);
+extern void asi_destroy(struct asi *asi);
+extern void asi_set_pagetable(struct asi *asi, pgd_t *pagetable);
+
+#endif	/* __ASSEMBLY__ */
+
+#endif	/* CONFIG_ADDRESS_SPACE_ISOLATION */
+
+#endif
diff --git a/arch/x86/mm/Makefile b/arch/x86/mm/Makefile
index 98f7c6fa2eaa..e57af263e870 100644
--- a/arch/x86/mm/Makefile
+++ b/arch/x86/mm/Makefile
@@ -48,6 +48,7 @@ obj-$(CONFIG_NUMA_EMU)		+= numa_emulation.o
 obj-$(CONFIG_X86_INTEL_MEMORY_PROTECTION_KEYS)	+= pkeys.o
 obj-$(CONFIG_RANDOMIZE_MEMORY)			+= kaslr.o
 obj-$(CONFIG_PAGE_TABLE_ISOLATION)		+= pti.o
+obj-$(CONFIG_ADDRESS_SPACE_ISOLATION)		+= asi.o
 
 obj-$(CONFIG_AMD_MEM_ENCRYPT)	+= mem_encrypt.o
 obj-$(CONFIG_AMD_MEM_ENCRYPT)	+= mem_encrypt_identity.o
diff --git a/arch/x86/mm/asi.c b/arch/x86/mm/asi.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..0a0ac9d6d078
--- /dev/null
+++ b/arch/x86/mm/asi.c
@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2019, 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates.
+ *
+ * Kernel Address Space Isolation (ASI)
+ */
+
+#include <linux/mm.h>
+#include <linux/slab.h>
+
+#include <asm/asi.h>
+#include <asm/bug.h>
+
+struct asi *asi_create(struct asi_type *type)
+{
+	struct asi *asi;
+
+	if (!type)
+		return NULL;
+
+	asi = kzalloc(sizeof(*asi), GFP_KERNEL);
+	if (!asi)
+		return NULL;
+
+	asi->type = type;
+
+	return asi;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(asi_create);
+
+void asi_destroy(struct asi *asi)
+{
+	kfree(asi);
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(asi_destroy);
+
+void asi_set_pagetable(struct asi *asi, pgd_t *pagetable)
+{
+	/*
+	 * Check that the specified pagetable is properly aligned to be
+	 * used as an ASI pagetable. If not, the pagetable is ignored
+	 * and entering/exiting ASI will do nothing.
+	 */
+	if (!(((unsigned long)pagetable) & ASI_PGTABLE_MASK)) {
+		WARN(1, "ASI %p: invalid ASI pagetable", asi);
+		asi->pagetable = NULL;
+		return;
+	}
+	asi->pagetable = pagetable;
+
+	/*
+	 * Initialize the invariant part of the ASI CR3 value. We will
+	 * just have to complete the PCID with the kernel PCID before
+	 * using it.
+	 */
+	asi->base_cr3 = __sme_pa(asi->pagetable) |
+		(asi->type->pcid_prefix << ASI_PCID_PREFIX_SHIFT);
+
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(asi_set_pagetable);
diff --git a/security/Kconfig b/security/Kconfig
index cd3cc7da3a55..d98197eb260c 100644
--- a/security/Kconfig
+++ b/security/Kconfig
@@ -65,6 +65,16 @@ config PAGE_TABLE_ISOLATION
 
 	  See Documentation/x86/pti.rst for more details.
 
+config ADDRESS_SPACE_ISOLATION
+	bool "Allow code to run with a reduced kernel address space"
+	default y
+	depends on (X86_64 || X86_PAE) && !UML
+	help
+	   This feature provides the ability to run some kernel code
+	   with a reduced kernel address space. This can be used to
+	   mitigate speculative execution attacks which are able to
+	   leak data between sibling CPU hyper-threads.
+
 config SECURITY_INFINIBAND
 	bool "Infiniband Security Hooks"
 	depends on SECURITY && INFINIBAND
-- 
2.18.2