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[73.93.239.127]) by smtp.gmail.com with ESMTPSA id x8sm3699696pfq.131.2021.09.22.20.28.44 (version=TLS1_3 cipher=TLS_AES_256_GCM_SHA384 bits=256/256); Wed, 22 Sep 2021 20:28:45 -0700 (PDT) From: Yang Shi To: naoya.horiguchi@nec.com, hughd@google.com, kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com, willy@infradead.org, peterx@redhat.com, osalvador@suse.de, akpm@linux-foundation.org Cc: shy828301@gmail.com, linux-mm@kvack.org, linux-fsdevel@vger.kernel.org, linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org Subject: [RFC v2 PATCH 0/5] Solve silent data loss caused by poisoned page cache (shmem/tmpfs) Date: Wed, 22 Sep 2021 20:28:25 -0700 Message-Id: <20210923032830.314328-1-shy828301@gmail.com> X-Mailer: git-send-email 2.26.2 MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit Precedence: bulk List-ID: X-Mailing-List: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org When discussing the patch that splits page cache THP in order to offline the poisoned page, Noaya mentioned there is a bigger problem [1] that prevents this from working since the page cache page will be truncated if uncorrectable errors happen. By looking this deeper it turns out this approach (truncating poisoned page) may incur silent data loss for all non-readonly filesystems if the page is dirty. It may be worse for in-memory filesystem, e.g. shmem/tmpfs since the data blocks are actually gone. To solve this problem we could keep the poisoned dirty page in page cache then notify the users on any later access, e.g. page fault, read/write, etc. The clean page could be truncated as is since they can be reread from disk later on. The consequence is the filesystems may find poisoned page and manipulate it as healthy page since all the filesystems actually don't check if the page is poisoned or not in all the relevant paths except page fault. In general, we need make the filesystems be aware of poisoned page before we could keep the poisoned page in page cache in order to solve the data loss problem. To make filesystems be aware of poisoned page we should consider: - The page should be not written back: clearing dirty flag could prevent from writeback. - The page should not be dropped (it shows as a clean page) by drop caches or other callers: the refcount pin from hwpoison could prevent from invalidating (called by cache drop, inode cache shrinking, etc), but it doesn't avoid invalidation in DIO path. - The page should be able to get truncated/hole punched/unlinked: it works as it is. - Notify users when the page is accessed, e.g. read/write, page fault and other paths (compression, encryption, etc). The scope of the last one is huge since almost all filesystems need do it once a page is returned from page cache lookup. There are a couple of options to do it: 1. Check hwpoison flag for every path, the most straightforward way. 2. Return NULL for poisoned page from page cache lookup, the most callsites check if NULL is returned, this should have least work I think. But the error handling in filesystems just return -ENOMEM, the error code will incur confusion to the users obviously. 3. To improve #2, we could return error pointer, e.g. ERR_PTR(-EIO), but this will involve significant amount of code change as well since all the paths need check if the pointer is ERR or not just like option #1. I did prototype for both #1 and #3, but it seems #3 may require more changes than #1. For #3 ERR_PTR will be returned so all the callers need to check the return value otherwise invalid pointer may be dereferenced, but not all callers really care about the content of the page, for example, partial truncate which just sets the truncated range in one page to 0. So for such paths it needs additional modification if ERR_PTR is returned. And if the callers have their own way to handle the problematic pages we need to add a new FGP flag to tell FGP functions to return the pointer to the page. It may happen very rarely, but once it happens the consequence (data corruption) could be very bad and it is very hard to debug. It seems this problem had been slightly discussed before, but seems no action was taken at that time. [2] As the aforementioned investigation, it needs huge amount of work to solve the potential data loss for all filesystems. But it is much easier for in-memory filesystems and such filesystems actually suffer more than others since even the data blocks are gone due to truncating. So this patchset starts from shmem/tmpfs by taking option #1. Patch #1: fix bugs in page fault and khugepaged. Patch #2 and #3: refactor, cleanup and preparation. Patch #4: keep the poisoned page in page cache and handle such case for all the paths. Patch #5: the previous patches unblock page cache THP split, so this patch add page cache THP split support. Changelog v1 --> v2: * Incorporated the suggestion from Kirill to use a new page flag to indicate there is hwpoisoned subpage(s) in a THP. (patch #1) * Dropped patch #2 of v1. * Refctored the page refcount check logic of hwpoison per Naoya. (patch #2) * Removed unnecessary THP check per Naoya. (patch #3) * Incorporated the other comments for shmem from Naoya. (patch #4) Yang Shi (5): mm: filemap: check if THP has hwpoisoned subpage for PMD page fault mm: hwpoison: refactor refcount check handling mm: hwpoison: remove the unnecessary THP check mm: shmem: don't truncate page if memory failure happens mm: hwpoison: handle non-anonymous THP correctly include/linux/page-flags.h | 19 ++++++++++ mm/filemap.c | 15 ++++---- mm/huge_memory.c | 2 ++ mm/memory-failure.c | 130 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++--------------------------- mm/memory.c | 9 +++++ mm/page_alloc.c | 4 ++- mm/shmem.c | 31 +++++++++++++++-- mm/userfaultfd.c | 5 +++ 8 files changed, 156 insertions(+), 59 deletions(-) [1] https://lore.kernel.org/linux-mm/CAHbLzkqNPBh_sK09qfr4yu4WTFOzRy+MKj+PA7iG-adzi9zGsg@mail.gmail.com/T/#m0e959283380156f1d064456af01ae51fdff91265 [2] https://lore.kernel.org/lkml/20210318183350.GT3420@casper.infradead.org/