Re: [bisected] clang 15 built kernel fails to boot, stuck at "Loading Linux 6.1.1 ...", gcc 12 built kernel with same config boots fine

[Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>]

On Fri, Jan 20, 2023 at 12:16:26PM +0100, Peter Zijlstra wrote:
> On Fri, Jan 20, 2023 at 11:20:53AM +0530, Sandipan Das wrote:
> 
> > With the combination of defconfig+kvm_guest.config+localyesconfig, the only
> > thing that made a difference was the compiler optimization choice. The kernel
> > boots up with CONFIG_CC_OPTIMIZE_FOR_PERFORMANCE=y but not with
> > CONFIG_CC_OPTIMIZE_FOR_SIZE=y. Both Clang 15 and 16 kernel builds are affected.
> 
> *groan*..
> 
> 0000000000000350 <amd_pmu_add_event>:
> 350:       0f 1f 44 00 00          nopl   0x0(%rax,%rax,1) 351: R_X86_64_NONE      __fentry__-0x4
> 355:       48 83 bf 20 01 00 00 00         cmpq   $0x0,0x120(%rdi)
> 35d:       0f 85 00 00 00 00       jne    363 <amd_pmu_add_event+0x13>     35f: R_X86_64_PLT32     __SCT__amd_pmu_branch_add-0x4
> 363:       e9 00 00 00 00          jmp    368 <amd_pmu_add_event+0x18>     364: R_X86_64_PLT32     __x86_return_thunk-0x4
> 
> and static_call() can't deal with Jcc, I wonder why we've not seen that
> before -- this isn't totally idiotic code-gen and esp. clang is known to
> do this (see the retpoline thing).
> 
> Let me see if I can do something about that.

Here, this makes my qemu/kvm happy enough to complain about not having a
root device to mount :-)

Let me go try booting it for real.

---

diff --git a/arch/x86/include/asm/text-patching.h b/arch/x86/include/asm/text-patching.h
index f4b87f08f5c5..29832c338cdc 100644
--- a/arch/x86/include/asm/text-patching.h
+++ b/arch/x86/include/asm/text-patching.h
@@ -184,6 +184,37 @@ void int3_emulate_ret(struct pt_regs *regs)
 	unsigned long ip = int3_emulate_pop(regs);
 	int3_emulate_jmp(regs, ip);
 }
+
+static __always_inline
+void int3_emulate_jcc(struct pt_regs *regs, u8 cc, unsigned long ip, unsigned long disp)
+{
+	static const unsigned long jcc_mask[6] = {
+		[0] = X86_EFLAGS_OF,
+		[1] = X86_EFLAGS_CF,
+		[2] = X86_EFLAGS_ZF,
+		[3] = X86_EFLAGS_CF | X86_EFLAGS_ZF,
+		[4] = X86_EFLAGS_SF,
+		[5] = X86_EFLAGS_PF,
+	};
+
+	bool invert = cc & 1;
+	bool match;
+
+	if (cc < 0xc) {
+		match = regs->flags & jcc_mask[cc >> 1];
+	} else {
+		match = ((regs->flags & X86_EFLAGS_SF) >> X86_EFLAGS_SF_BIT) ^
+			((regs->flags & X86_EFLAGS_OF) >> X86_EFLAGS_OF_BIT);
+		if (cc >= 0xe)
+			match = match || (regs->flags & X86_EFLAGS_ZF);
+	}
+
+	if ((match && !invert) || (!match && invert))
+		ip += disp;
+
+	int3_emulate_jmp(regs, ip);
+}
+
 #endif /* !CONFIG_UML_X86 */
 
 #endif /* _ASM_X86_TEXT_PATCHING_H */
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/alternative.c b/arch/x86/kernel/alternative.c
index 7d8c3cbde368..cd632a0171b4 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/alternative.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/alternative.c
@@ -1772,6 +1772,11 @@ void text_poke_sync(void)
 	on_each_cpu(do_sync_core, NULL, 1);
 }
 
+/*
+ * NOTE: crazy scheme to allow patching Jcc.d32 but not increase the size of
+ * this thing. When len == 6 everything is prefixed with 0x0f and we map
+ * opcode to Jcc.d8, using len to distinguish.
+ */
 struct text_poke_loc {
 	/* addr := _stext + rel_addr */
 	s32 rel_addr;
@@ -1893,6 +1898,10 @@ noinstr int poke_int3_handler(struct pt_regs *regs)
 		int3_emulate_jmp(regs, (long)ip + tp->disp);
 		break;
 
+	case 0x70 ... 0x7f: /* Jcc */
+		int3_emulate_jcc(regs, tp->opcode & 0xf, (long)ip, tp->disp);
+		break;
+
 	default:
 		BUG();
 	}
@@ -1966,16 +1975,26 @@ static void text_poke_bp_batch(struct text_poke_loc *tp, unsigned int nr_entries
 	 * Second step: update all but the first byte of the patched range.
 	 */
 	for (do_sync = 0, i = 0; i < nr_entries; i++) {
-		u8 old[POKE_MAX_OPCODE_SIZE] = { tp[i].old, };
+		u8 old[POKE_MAX_OPCODE_SIZE+1] = { tp[i].old, };
+		u8 _new[POKE_MAX_OPCODE_SIZE+1];
+		const u8 *new = tp[i].text;
 		int len = tp[i].len;
 
 		if (len - INT3_INSN_SIZE > 0) {
 			memcpy(old + INT3_INSN_SIZE,
 			       text_poke_addr(&tp[i]) + INT3_INSN_SIZE,
 			       len - INT3_INSN_SIZE);
+
+			if (len == 6) {
+				_new[0] = 0x0f;
+				memcpy(_new + 1, new, 5);
+				new = _new;
+			}
+
 			text_poke(text_poke_addr(&tp[i]) + INT3_INSN_SIZE,
-				  (const char *)tp[i].text + INT3_INSN_SIZE,
+				  new + INT3_INSN_SIZE,
 				  len - INT3_INSN_SIZE);
+
 			do_sync++;
 		}
 
@@ -2003,8 +2022,7 @@ static void text_poke_bp_batch(struct text_poke_loc *tp, unsigned int nr_entries
 		 * The old instruction is recorded so that the event can be
 		 * processed forwards or backwards.
 		 */
-		perf_event_text_poke(text_poke_addr(&tp[i]), old, len,
-				     tp[i].text, len);
+		perf_event_text_poke(text_poke_addr(&tp[i]), old, len, new, len);
 	}
 
 	if (do_sync) {
@@ -2021,10 +2039,15 @@ static void text_poke_bp_batch(struct text_poke_loc *tp, unsigned int nr_entries
 	 * replacing opcode.
 	 */
 	for (do_sync = 0, i = 0; i < nr_entries; i++) {
-		if (tp[i].text[0] == INT3_INSN_OPCODE)
+		u8 byte = tp[i].text[0];
+
+		if (tp[i].len == 6)
+			byte = 0x0f;
+
+		if (byte == INT3_INSN_OPCODE)
 			continue;
 
-		text_poke(text_poke_addr(&tp[i]), tp[i].text, INT3_INSN_SIZE);
+		text_poke(text_poke_addr(&tp[i]), &byte, INT3_INSN_SIZE);
 		do_sync++;
 	}
 
@@ -2042,9 +2065,11 @@ static void text_poke_loc_init(struct text_poke_loc *tp, void *addr,
 			       const void *opcode, size_t len, const void *emulate)
 {
 	struct insn insn;
-	int ret, i;
+	int ret, i = 0;
 
-	memcpy((void *)tp->text, opcode, len);
+	if (len == 6)
+		i = 1;
+	memcpy((void *)tp->text, opcode+i, len-i);
 	if (!emulate)
 		emulate = opcode;
 
@@ -2055,6 +2080,13 @@ static void text_poke_loc_init(struct text_poke_loc *tp, void *addr,
 	tp->len = len;
 	tp->opcode = insn.opcode.bytes[0];
 
+	if (is_jcc32(&insn)) {
+		/*
+		 * Map Jcc.d32 onto Jcc.d8 and use len to distinguish.
+		 */
+		tp->opcode = insn.opcode.bytes[1] - 0x10;
+	}
+
 	switch (tp->opcode) {
 	case RET_INSN_OPCODE:
 	case JMP32_INSN_OPCODE:
@@ -2071,7 +2103,6 @@ static void text_poke_loc_init(struct text_poke_loc *tp, void *addr,
 		BUG_ON(len != insn.length);
 	}
 
-
 	switch (tp->opcode) {
 	case INT3_INSN_OPCODE:
 	case RET_INSN_OPCODE:
@@ -2080,6 +2111,7 @@ static void text_poke_loc_init(struct text_poke_loc *tp, void *addr,
 	case CALL_INSN_OPCODE:
 	case JMP32_INSN_OPCODE:
 	case JMP8_INSN_OPCODE:
+	case 0x70 ... 0x7f: /* Jcc */
 		tp->disp = insn.immediate.value;
 		break;
 
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/kprobes/core.c b/arch/x86/kernel/kprobes/core.c
index b36f3c367cb2..f2b2f7545ecb 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/kprobes/core.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/kprobes/core.c
@@ -464,50 +464,26 @@ static void kprobe_emulate_call(struct kprobe *p, struct pt_regs *regs)
 }
 NOKPROBE_SYMBOL(kprobe_emulate_call);
 
-static nokprobe_inline
-void __kprobe_emulate_jmp(struct kprobe *p, struct pt_regs *regs, bool cond)
+static void kprobe_emulate_jmp(struct kprobe *p, struct pt_regs *regs)
 {
 	unsigned long ip = regs->ip - INT3_INSN_SIZE + p->ainsn.size;
 
-	if (cond)
-		ip += p->ainsn.rel32;
+	ip += p->ainsn.rel32;
 	int3_emulate_jmp(regs, ip);
 }
-
-static void kprobe_emulate_jmp(struct kprobe *p, struct pt_regs *regs)
-{
-	__kprobe_emulate_jmp(p, regs, true);
-}
 NOKPROBE_SYMBOL(kprobe_emulate_jmp);
 
-static const unsigned long jcc_mask[6] = {
-	[0] = X86_EFLAGS_OF,
-	[1] = X86_EFLAGS_CF,
-	[2] = X86_EFLAGS_ZF,
-	[3] = X86_EFLAGS_CF | X86_EFLAGS_ZF,
-	[4] = X86_EFLAGS_SF,
-	[5] = X86_EFLAGS_PF,
-};
-
 static void kprobe_emulate_jcc(struct kprobe *p, struct pt_regs *regs)
 {
-	bool invert = p->ainsn.jcc.type & 1;
-	bool match;
-
-	if (p->ainsn.jcc.type < 0xc) {
-		match = regs->flags & jcc_mask[p->ainsn.jcc.type >> 1];
-	} else {
-		match = ((regs->flags & X86_EFLAGS_SF) >> X86_EFLAGS_SF_BIT) ^
-			((regs->flags & X86_EFLAGS_OF) >> X86_EFLAGS_OF_BIT);
-		if (p->ainsn.jcc.type >= 0xe)
-			match = match || (regs->flags & X86_EFLAGS_ZF);
-	}
-	__kprobe_emulate_jmp(p, regs, (match && !invert) || (!match && invert));
+	int3_emulate_jcc(regs, p->ainsn.jcc.type,
+			 regs->ip - INT3_INSN_SIZE + p->ainsn.size,
+			 p->ainsn.rel32);
 }
 NOKPROBE_SYMBOL(kprobe_emulate_jcc);
 
 static void kprobe_emulate_loop(struct kprobe *p, struct pt_regs *regs)
 {
+	unsigned long ip = regs->ip - INT3_INSN_SIZE + p->ainsn.size;
 	bool match;
 
 	if (p->ainsn.loop.type != 3) {	/* LOOP* */
@@ -535,7 +511,9 @@ static void kprobe_emulate_loop(struct kprobe *p, struct pt_regs *regs)
 	else if (p->ainsn.loop.type == 1)	/* LOOPE */
 		match = match && (regs->flags & X86_EFLAGS_ZF);
 
-	__kprobe_emulate_jmp(p, regs, match);
+	if (match)
+		ip += p->ainsn.rel32;
+	int3_emulate_jmp(regs, ip);
 }
 NOKPROBE_SYMBOL(kprobe_emulate_loop);
 
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/static_call.c b/arch/x86/kernel/static_call.c
index 2ebc338980bc..deb909f2b62f 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/static_call.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/static_call.c
@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ enum insn_type {
 	NOP = 1,  /* site cond-call */
 	JMP = 2,  /* tramp / site tail-call */
 	RET = 3,  /* tramp / site cond-tail-call */
+	JCC = 4,
 };
 
 /*
@@ -25,12 +26,38 @@ static const u8 xor5rax[] = { 0x2e, 0x2e, 0x2e, 0x31, 0xc0 };
 
 static const u8 retinsn[] = { RET_INSN_OPCODE, 0xcc, 0xcc, 0xcc, 0xcc };
 
+static u8 __is_Jcc(u8 *insn) /* Jcc.d32 */
+{
+	u8 ret = 0;
+
+	if (insn[0] == 0x0f) {
+		u8 tmp = insn[1];
+		if ((tmp & 0xf0) == 0x80)
+			ret = tmp;
+	}
+
+	return ret;
+}
+
+extern void __static_call_return(void);
+
+asm (".global __static_call_return\n\t"
+     ".type __static_call_return, @function\n\t"
+     ASM_FUNC_ALIGN "\n\t"
+     "__static_call_return:\n\t"
+     "ret; int3\n\t"
+     ".size __static_call_return, . - __static_call_return \n\t");
+
 static void __ref __static_call_transform(void *insn, enum insn_type type,
 					  void *func, bool modinit)
 {
 	const void *emulate = NULL;
 	int size = CALL_INSN_SIZE;
 	const void *code;
+	u8 op, buf[6];
+
+	if ((type == JMP || type == RET) && (op = __is_Jcc(insn)))
+		type = JCC;
 
 	switch (type) {
 	case CALL:
@@ -57,6 +84,20 @@ static void __ref __static_call_transform(void *insn, enum insn_type type,
 		else
 			code = &retinsn;
 		break;
+
+	case JCC:
+		if (!func) {
+			func = __static_call_return;
+			if (cpu_feature_enabled(X86_FEATURE_RETHUNK))
+				func = x86_return_thunk;
+		}
+
+		buf[0] = 0x0f;
+		__text_gen_insn(buf+1, op, insn+1, func, 5);
+		code = buf;
+		size = 6;
+
+		break;
 	}
 
 	if (memcmp(insn, code, size) == 0)
@@ -79,7 +120,8 @@ static void __static_call_validate(void *insn, bool tail, bool tramp)
 
 	if (tail) {
 		if (opcode == JMP32_INSN_OPCODE ||
-		    opcode == RET_INSN_OPCODE)
+		    opcode == RET_INSN_OPCODE ||
+		    __is_Jcc(insn))
 			return;
 	} else {
 		if (opcode == CALL_INSN_OPCODE ||