Re: [RFC PATCH 0/4] mm/page_alloc: cache pte-mapped allocations

From: Mike Rapoport <rppt@kernel.org>
To: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: linux-mm@kvack.org, Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>,
	Andy Lutomirski <luto@kernel.org>,
	Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@linux.intel.com>,
	Ira Weiny <ira.weiny@intel.com>,
	Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>,
	Mike Rapoport <rppt@linux.ibm.com>,
	Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>,
	Rick Edgecombe <rick.p.edgecombe@intel.com>,
	x86@kernel.org, linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org,
	Brijesh Singh <brijesh.singh@amd.com>
Subject: Re: [RFC PATCH 0/4] mm/page_alloc: cache pte-mapped allocations
Date: Sun, 29 Aug 2021 10:06:10 +0300	[thread overview]
Message-ID: <YSsx4qFlvQEwI1kz@kernel.org> (raw)
In-Reply-To: <9d61b4f7-82d0-5caf-88fa-ff1b78704eea@suse.cz>

On Tue, Aug 24, 2021 at 06:09:44PM +0200, Vlastimil Babka wrote:
> On 8/23/21 15:25, Mike Rapoport wrote:
> >
> > The idea is to use a gfp flag that will instruct the page allocator to use
> > the cache of pte-mapped pages because the caller needs to remove them from
> > the direct map or change their attributes. 
> 
> Like Dave, I don't like much the idea of a new GFP flag that all page
> allocations now have to check, and freeing that has to check a new pageblock
> flag, although I can see some of the benefits this brings...
> 
> > When the cache is empty there is an attempt to refill it using PMD-sized
> > allocation so that once the direct map is split we'll be able to use all 4K
> > pages made available by the split. 
> > 
> > If the high order allocation fails, we fall back to order-0 and mark the
> 
> Yeah, this fallback is where we benefit from the page allocator implementation,
> because of the page freeing hook that will recognize page from such fallback
> blocks and free them to the cache. But does that prevent so much fragmentation
> to be worth it? I'd see first if we can do without it.

I've run 'stress-ng --mmapfork 20 -t 30' in a VM with 4G or RAM and then
checked splits reported in /proc/vmstat to get some ideas what may be the
benefit.

I've compared Rick's implementation of grouped alloc (rebased on v5.14-rc6)
with this set. For that simple test there were ~30% less splits.

                      | grouped alloc | pte-mapped
----------------------+---------------+------------
PMD splits after boot |       16      |     14
PMD splits after test |       49      |     34

(there were no PUD splits at all).

I think the closer we have such cache to the buddy, the better would be
memory utilization. The downside is that it will be harder to reclaim 2M
blocks than with separate caches because at page allocator level we don't
have enough information to make the pages allocated from the cache movable.

-- 
Sincerely yours,
Mike.