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From: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
To: Alexander Graf <agraf@suse.de>
Cc: kvm-ppc@vger.kernel.org, kvm@vger.kernel.org
Subject: [PATCH 02/12] KVM: PPC: Book3S HV: Take the SRCU read lock before looking up memslots
Date: Tue, 28 Aug 2012 22:32:33 +1000	[thread overview]
Message-ID: <20120828123233.GC7258@bloggs.ozlabs.ibm.com> (raw)
In-Reply-To: <20120828123043.GA7258@bloggs.ozlabs.ibm.com>

The generic KVM code uses SRCU (sleeping RCU) to protect accesses
to the memslots data structures against updates due to userspace
adding, modifying or removing memory slots.  We need to do that too,
both to avoid accessing stale copies of the memslots and to avoid
lockdep warnings.  This therefore adds srcu_read_lock/unlock pairs
around code that accesses and uses memslots.

Since the real-mode handlers for H_ENTER, H_REMOVE and H_BULK_REMOVE
need to access the memslots, and we don't want to call the SRCU code
in real mode (since we have no assurance that it would only access
the linear mapping), we hold the SRCU read lock for the VM while
in the guest.  This does mean that adding or removing memory slots
while some vcpus are executing in the guest will block for up to
two jiffies.  This tradeoff is acceptable since adding/removing
memory slots only happens rarely, while H_ENTER/H_REMOVE/H_BULK_REMOVE
are performance-critical hot paths.

Signed-off-by: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
---
 arch/powerpc/kvm/book3s_64_mmu_hv.c |   17 +++++++++++++----
 arch/powerpc/kvm/book3s_hv.c        |   27 +++++++++++++++++++++++----
 2 files changed, 36 insertions(+), 8 deletions(-)

diff --git a/arch/powerpc/kvm/book3s_64_mmu_hv.c b/arch/powerpc/kvm/book3s_64_mmu_hv.c
index 3c679ff..a389cc6 100644
--- a/arch/powerpc/kvm/book3s_64_mmu_hv.c
+++ b/arch/powerpc/kvm/book3s_64_mmu_hv.c
@@ -24,6 +24,7 @@
 #include <linux/slab.h>
 #include <linux/hugetlb.h>
 #include <linux/vmalloc.h>
+#include <linux/srcu.h>
 
 #include <asm/tlbflush.h>
 #include <asm/kvm_ppc.h>
@@ -1057,20 +1058,22 @@ void *kvmppc_pin_guest_page(struct kvm *kvm, unsigned long gpa,
 	unsigned long hva, psize, offset;
 	unsigned long pa;
 	unsigned long *physp;
+	int srcu_idx;
 
+	srcu_idx = srcu_read_lock(&kvm->srcu);
 	memslot = gfn_to_memslot(kvm, gfn);
 	if (!memslot || (memslot->flags & KVM_MEMSLOT_INVALID))
-		return NULL;
+		goto err;
 	if (!kvm->arch.using_mmu_notifiers) {
 		physp = memslot->arch.slot_phys;
 		if (!physp)
-			return NULL;
+			goto err;
 		physp += gfn - memslot->base_gfn;
 		pa = *physp;
 		if (!pa) {
 			if (kvmppc_get_guest_page(kvm, gfn, memslot,
 						  PAGE_SIZE) < 0)
-				return NULL;
+				goto err;
 			pa = *physp;
 		}
 		page = pfn_to_page(pa >> PAGE_SHIFT);
@@ -1079,9 +1082,11 @@ void *kvmppc_pin_guest_page(struct kvm *kvm, unsigned long gpa,
 		hva = gfn_to_hva_memslot(memslot, gfn);
 		npages = get_user_pages_fast(hva, 1, 1, pages);
 		if (npages < 1)
-			return NULL;
+			goto err;
 		page = pages[0];
 	}
+	srcu_read_unlock(&kvm->srcu, srcu_idx);
+
 	psize = PAGE_SIZE;
 	if (PageHuge(page)) {
 		page = compound_head(page);
@@ -1091,6 +1096,10 @@ void *kvmppc_pin_guest_page(struct kvm *kvm, unsigned long gpa,
 	if (nb_ret)
 		*nb_ret = psize - offset;
 	return page_address(page) + offset;
+
+ err:
+	srcu_read_unlock(&kvm->srcu, srcu_idx);
+	return NULL;
 }
 
 void kvmppc_unpin_guest_page(struct kvm *kvm, void *va)
diff --git a/arch/powerpc/kvm/book3s_hv.c b/arch/powerpc/kvm/book3s_hv.c
index 416de2c..817837d 100644
--- a/arch/powerpc/kvm/book3s_hv.c
+++ b/arch/powerpc/kvm/book3s_hv.c
@@ -30,6 +30,7 @@
 #include <linux/cpumask.h>
 #include <linux/spinlock.h>
 #include <linux/page-flags.h>
+#include <linux/srcu.h>
 
 #include <asm/reg.h>
 #include <asm/cputable.h>
@@ -366,13 +367,16 @@ int kvmppc_pseries_do_hcall(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
 	unsigned long req = kvmppc_get_gpr(vcpu, 3);
 	unsigned long target, ret = H_SUCCESS;
 	struct kvm_vcpu *tvcpu;
+	int idx;
 
 	switch (req) {
 	case H_ENTER:
+		idx = srcu_read_lock(&vcpu->kvm->srcu);
 		ret = kvmppc_virtmode_h_enter(vcpu, kvmppc_get_gpr(vcpu, 4),
 					      kvmppc_get_gpr(vcpu, 5),
 					      kvmppc_get_gpr(vcpu, 6),
 					      kvmppc_get_gpr(vcpu, 7));
+		srcu_read_unlock(&vcpu->kvm->srcu, idx);
 		break;
 	case H_CEDE:
 		break;
@@ -411,6 +415,7 @@ static int kvmppc_handle_exit(struct kvm_run *run, struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu,
 			      struct task_struct *tsk)
 {
 	int r = RESUME_HOST;
+	int srcu_idx;
 
 	vcpu->stat.sum_exits++;
 
@@ -470,12 +475,16 @@ static int kvmppc_handle_exit(struct kvm_run *run, struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu,
 	 * have been handled already.
 	 */
 	case BOOK3S_INTERRUPT_H_DATA_STORAGE:
+		srcu_idx = srcu_read_lock(&vcpu->kvm->srcu);
 		r = kvmppc_book3s_hv_page_fault(run, vcpu,
 				vcpu->arch.fault_dar, vcpu->arch.fault_dsisr);
+		srcu_read_unlock(&vcpu->kvm->srcu, srcu_idx);
 		break;
 	case BOOK3S_INTERRUPT_H_INST_STORAGE:
+		srcu_idx = srcu_read_lock(&vcpu->kvm->srcu);
 		r = kvmppc_book3s_hv_page_fault(run, vcpu,
 				kvmppc_get_pc(vcpu), 0);
+		srcu_read_unlock(&vcpu->kvm->srcu, srcu_idx);
 		break;
 	/*
 	 * This occurs if the guest executes an illegal instruction.
@@ -820,6 +829,7 @@ static int kvmppc_run_core(struct kvmppc_vcore *vc)
 	long ret;
 	u64 now;
 	int ptid, i, need_vpa_update;
+	int srcu_idx;
 
 	/* don't start if any threads have a signal pending */
 	need_vpa_update = 0;
@@ -898,6 +908,9 @@ static int kvmppc_run_core(struct kvmppc_vcore *vc)
 	spin_unlock(&vc->lock);
 
 	kvm_guest_enter();
+
+	srcu_idx = srcu_read_lock(&vcpu0->kvm->srcu);
+
 	__kvmppc_vcore_entry(NULL, vcpu0);
 	for (i = 0; i < threads_per_core; ++i)
 		kvmppc_release_hwthread(vc->pcpu + i);
@@ -913,6 +926,8 @@ static int kvmppc_run_core(struct kvmppc_vcore *vc)
 	vc->vcore_state = VCORE_EXITING;
 	spin_unlock(&vc->lock);
 
+	srcu_read_unlock(&vcpu0->kvm->srcu, srcu_idx);
+
 	/* make sure updates to secondary vcpu structs are visible now */
 	smp_mb();
 	kvm_guest_exit();
@@ -1381,6 +1396,7 @@ static int kvmppc_hv_setup_htab_rma(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
 	unsigned long rmls;
 	unsigned long *physp;
 	unsigned long i, npages;
+	int srcu_idx;
 
 	mutex_lock(&kvm->lock);
 	if (kvm->arch.rma_setup_done)
@@ -1396,12 +1412,13 @@ static int kvmppc_hv_setup_htab_rma(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
 	}
 
 	/* Look up the memslot for guest physical address 0 */
+	srcu_idx = srcu_read_lock(&kvm->srcu);
 	memslot = gfn_to_memslot(kvm, 0);
 
 	/* We must have some memory at 0 by now */
 	err = -EINVAL;
 	if (!memslot || (memslot->flags & KVM_MEMSLOT_INVALID))
-		goto out;
+		goto out_srcu;
 
 	/* Look up the VMA for the start of this memory slot */
 	hva = memslot->userspace_addr;
@@ -1425,14 +1442,14 @@ static int kvmppc_hv_setup_htab_rma(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
 		err = -EPERM;
 		if (cpu_has_feature(CPU_FTR_ARCH_201)) {
 			pr_err("KVM: CPU requires an RMO\n");
-			goto out;
+			goto out_srcu;
 		}
 
 		/* We can handle 4k, 64k or 16M pages in the VRMA */
 		err = -EINVAL;
 		if (!(psize == 0x1000 || psize == 0x10000 ||
 		      psize == 0x1000000))
-			goto out;
+			goto out_srcu;
 
 		/* Update VRMASD field in the LPCR */
 		senc = slb_pgsize_encoding(psize);
@@ -1455,7 +1472,7 @@ static int kvmppc_hv_setup_htab_rma(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
 		err = -EINVAL;
 		if (rmls < 0) {
 			pr_err("KVM: Can't use RMA of 0x%lx bytes\n", rma_size);
-			goto out;
+			goto out_srcu;
 		}
 		atomic_inc(&ri->use_count);
 		kvm->arch.rma = ri;
@@ -1500,6 +1517,8 @@ static int kvmppc_hv_setup_htab_rma(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
 	smp_wmb();
 	kvm->arch.rma_setup_done = 1;
 	err = 0;
+ out_srcu:
+	srcu_read_unlock(&kvm->srcu, srcu_idx);
  out:
 	mutex_unlock(&kvm->lock);
 	return err;
-- 
1.7.10.rc3.219.g53414

WARNING: multiple messages have this Message-ID (diff)
From: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
To: Alexander Graf <agraf@suse.de>
Cc: kvm-ppc@vger.kernel.org, kvm@vger.kernel.org
Subject: [PATCH 02/12] KVM: PPC: Book3S HV: Take the SRCU read lock before looking up memslots
Date: Tue, 28 Aug 2012 12:32:33 +0000	[thread overview]
Message-ID: <20120828123233.GC7258@bloggs.ozlabs.ibm.com> (raw)
In-Reply-To: <20120828123043.GA7258@bloggs.ozlabs.ibm.com>

The generic KVM code uses SRCU (sleeping RCU) to protect accesses
to the memslots data structures against updates due to userspace
adding, modifying or removing memory slots.  We need to do that too,
both to avoid accessing stale copies of the memslots and to avoid
lockdep warnings.  This therefore adds srcu_read_lock/unlock pairs
around code that accesses and uses memslots.

Since the real-mode handlers for H_ENTER, H_REMOVE and H_BULK_REMOVE
need to access the memslots, and we don't want to call the SRCU code
in real mode (since we have no assurance that it would only access
the linear mapping), we hold the SRCU read lock for the VM while
in the guest.  This does mean that adding or removing memory slots
while some vcpus are executing in the guest will block for up to
two jiffies.  This tradeoff is acceptable since adding/removing
memory slots only happens rarely, while H_ENTER/H_REMOVE/H_BULK_REMOVE
are performance-critical hot paths.

Signed-off-by: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
---
 arch/powerpc/kvm/book3s_64_mmu_hv.c |   17 +++++++++++++----
 arch/powerpc/kvm/book3s_hv.c        |   27 +++++++++++++++++++++++----
 2 files changed, 36 insertions(+), 8 deletions(-)

diff --git a/arch/powerpc/kvm/book3s_64_mmu_hv.c b/arch/powerpc/kvm/book3s_64_mmu_hv.c
index 3c679ff..a389cc6 100644
--- a/arch/powerpc/kvm/book3s_64_mmu_hv.c
+++ b/arch/powerpc/kvm/book3s_64_mmu_hv.c
@@ -24,6 +24,7 @@
 #include <linux/slab.h>
 #include <linux/hugetlb.h>
 #include <linux/vmalloc.h>
+#include <linux/srcu.h>
 
 #include <asm/tlbflush.h>
 #include <asm/kvm_ppc.h>
@@ -1057,20 +1058,22 @@ void *kvmppc_pin_guest_page(struct kvm *kvm, unsigned long gpa,
 	unsigned long hva, psize, offset;
 	unsigned long pa;
 	unsigned long *physp;
+	int srcu_idx;
 
+	srcu_idx = srcu_read_lock(&kvm->srcu);
 	memslot = gfn_to_memslot(kvm, gfn);
 	if (!memslot || (memslot->flags & KVM_MEMSLOT_INVALID))
-		return NULL;
+		goto err;
 	if (!kvm->arch.using_mmu_notifiers) {
 		physp = memslot->arch.slot_phys;
 		if (!physp)
-			return NULL;
+			goto err;
 		physp += gfn - memslot->base_gfn;
 		pa = *physp;
 		if (!pa) {
 			if (kvmppc_get_guest_page(kvm, gfn, memslot,
 						  PAGE_SIZE) < 0)
-				return NULL;
+				goto err;
 			pa = *physp;
 		}
 		page = pfn_to_page(pa >> PAGE_SHIFT);
@@ -1079,9 +1082,11 @@ void *kvmppc_pin_guest_page(struct kvm *kvm, unsigned long gpa,
 		hva = gfn_to_hva_memslot(memslot, gfn);
 		npages = get_user_pages_fast(hva, 1, 1, pages);
 		if (npages < 1)
-			return NULL;
+			goto err;
 		page = pages[0];
 	}
+	srcu_read_unlock(&kvm->srcu, srcu_idx);
+
 	psize = PAGE_SIZE;
 	if (PageHuge(page)) {
 		page = compound_head(page);
@@ -1091,6 +1096,10 @@ void *kvmppc_pin_guest_page(struct kvm *kvm, unsigned long gpa,
 	if (nb_ret)
 		*nb_ret = psize - offset;
 	return page_address(page) + offset;
+
+ err:
+	srcu_read_unlock(&kvm->srcu, srcu_idx);
+	return NULL;
 }
 
 void kvmppc_unpin_guest_page(struct kvm *kvm, void *va)
diff --git a/arch/powerpc/kvm/book3s_hv.c b/arch/powerpc/kvm/book3s_hv.c
index 416de2c..817837d 100644
--- a/arch/powerpc/kvm/book3s_hv.c
+++ b/arch/powerpc/kvm/book3s_hv.c
@@ -30,6 +30,7 @@
 #include <linux/cpumask.h>
 #include <linux/spinlock.h>
 #include <linux/page-flags.h>
+#include <linux/srcu.h>
 
 #include <asm/reg.h>
 #include <asm/cputable.h>
@@ -366,13 +367,16 @@ int kvmppc_pseries_do_hcall(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
 	unsigned long req = kvmppc_get_gpr(vcpu, 3);
 	unsigned long target, ret = H_SUCCESS;
 	struct kvm_vcpu *tvcpu;
+	int idx;
 
 	switch (req) {
 	case H_ENTER:
+		idx = srcu_read_lock(&vcpu->kvm->srcu);
 		ret = kvmppc_virtmode_h_enter(vcpu, kvmppc_get_gpr(vcpu, 4),
 					      kvmppc_get_gpr(vcpu, 5),
 					      kvmppc_get_gpr(vcpu, 6),
 					      kvmppc_get_gpr(vcpu, 7));
+		srcu_read_unlock(&vcpu->kvm->srcu, idx);
 		break;
 	case H_CEDE:
 		break;
@@ -411,6 +415,7 @@ static int kvmppc_handle_exit(struct kvm_run *run, struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu,
 			      struct task_struct *tsk)
 {
 	int r = RESUME_HOST;
+	int srcu_idx;
 
 	vcpu->stat.sum_exits++;
 
@@ -470,12 +475,16 @@ static int kvmppc_handle_exit(struct kvm_run *run, struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu,
 	 * have been handled already.
 	 */
 	case BOOK3S_INTERRUPT_H_DATA_STORAGE:
+		srcu_idx = srcu_read_lock(&vcpu->kvm->srcu);
 		r = kvmppc_book3s_hv_page_fault(run, vcpu,
 				vcpu->arch.fault_dar, vcpu->arch.fault_dsisr);
+		srcu_read_unlock(&vcpu->kvm->srcu, srcu_idx);
 		break;
 	case BOOK3S_INTERRUPT_H_INST_STORAGE:
+		srcu_idx = srcu_read_lock(&vcpu->kvm->srcu);
 		r = kvmppc_book3s_hv_page_fault(run, vcpu,
 				kvmppc_get_pc(vcpu), 0);
+		srcu_read_unlock(&vcpu->kvm->srcu, srcu_idx);
 		break;
 	/*
 	 * This occurs if the guest executes an illegal instruction.
@@ -820,6 +829,7 @@ static int kvmppc_run_core(struct kvmppc_vcore *vc)
 	long ret;
 	u64 now;
 	int ptid, i, need_vpa_update;
+	int srcu_idx;
 
 	/* don't start if any threads have a signal pending */
 	need_vpa_update = 0;
@@ -898,6 +908,9 @@ static int kvmppc_run_core(struct kvmppc_vcore *vc)
 	spin_unlock(&vc->lock);
 
 	kvm_guest_enter();
+
+	srcu_idx = srcu_read_lock(&vcpu0->kvm->srcu);
+
 	__kvmppc_vcore_entry(NULL, vcpu0);
 	for (i = 0; i < threads_per_core; ++i)
 		kvmppc_release_hwthread(vc->pcpu + i);
@@ -913,6 +926,8 @@ static int kvmppc_run_core(struct kvmppc_vcore *vc)
 	vc->vcore_state = VCORE_EXITING;
 	spin_unlock(&vc->lock);
 
+	srcu_read_unlock(&vcpu0->kvm->srcu, srcu_idx);
+
 	/* make sure updates to secondary vcpu structs are visible now */
 	smp_mb();
 	kvm_guest_exit();
@@ -1381,6 +1396,7 @@ static int kvmppc_hv_setup_htab_rma(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
 	unsigned long rmls;
 	unsigned long *physp;
 	unsigned long i, npages;
+	int srcu_idx;
 
 	mutex_lock(&kvm->lock);
 	if (kvm->arch.rma_setup_done)
@@ -1396,12 +1412,13 @@ static int kvmppc_hv_setup_htab_rma(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
 	}
 
 	/* Look up the memslot for guest physical address 0 */
+	srcu_idx = srcu_read_lock(&kvm->srcu);
 	memslot = gfn_to_memslot(kvm, 0);
 
 	/* We must have some memory at 0 by now */
 	err = -EINVAL;
 	if (!memslot || (memslot->flags & KVM_MEMSLOT_INVALID))
-		goto out;
+		goto out_srcu;
 
 	/* Look up the VMA for the start of this memory slot */
 	hva = memslot->userspace_addr;
@@ -1425,14 +1442,14 @@ static int kvmppc_hv_setup_htab_rma(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
 		err = -EPERM;
 		if (cpu_has_feature(CPU_FTR_ARCH_201)) {
 			pr_err("KVM: CPU requires an RMO\n");
-			goto out;
+			goto out_srcu;
 		}
 
 		/* We can handle 4k, 64k or 16M pages in the VRMA */
 		err = -EINVAL;
 		if (!(psize = 0x1000 || psize = 0x10000 ||
 		      psize = 0x1000000))
-			goto out;
+			goto out_srcu;
 
 		/* Update VRMASD field in the LPCR */
 		senc = slb_pgsize_encoding(psize);
@@ -1455,7 +1472,7 @@ static int kvmppc_hv_setup_htab_rma(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
 		err = -EINVAL;
 		if (rmls < 0) {
 			pr_err("KVM: Can't use RMA of 0x%lx bytes\n", rma_size);
-			goto out;
+			goto out_srcu;
 		}
 		atomic_inc(&ri->use_count);
 		kvm->arch.rma = ri;
@@ -1500,6 +1517,8 @@ static int kvmppc_hv_setup_htab_rma(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
 	smp_wmb();
 	kvm->arch.rma_setup_done = 1;
 	err = 0;
+ out_srcu:
+	srcu_read_unlock(&kvm->srcu, srcu_idx);
  out:
 	mutex_unlock(&kvm->lock);
 	return err;
-- 
1.7.10.rc3.219.g53414


  parent reply	other threads:[~2012-08-28 12:32 UTC|newest]

Thread overview: 28+ messages / expand[flat|nested]  mbox.gz  Atom feed  top
2012-08-28 12:30 [PATCH 0/12] Sundry fixes for Book3S HV Paul Mackerras
2012-08-28 12:30 ` Paul Mackerras
2012-08-28 12:32 ` [PATCH 01/12] KVM: PPC: Move kvm->arch.slot_phys into memslot.arch Paul Mackerras
2012-08-28 12:32   ` Paul Mackerras
2012-08-28 12:32 ` Paul Mackerras [this message]
2012-08-28 12:32   ` [PATCH 02/12] KVM: PPC: Book3S HV: Take the SRCU read lock before looking up memslots Paul Mackerras
2012-08-28 12:33 ` [PATCH 03/12] KVM: PPC: Book3S HV: Provide a way for userspace to get/set per-vCPU areas Paul Mackerras
2012-08-28 12:33   ` Paul Mackerras
2012-08-28 12:34 ` [PATCH 04/12] KVM: PPC: Book3S HV: Allow KVM guests to stop secondary threads coming online Paul Mackerras
2012-08-28 12:34   ` Paul Mackerras
2012-08-29  4:51   ` [PATCH v2 " Paul Mackerras
2012-08-29  4:51     ` Paul Mackerras
2012-08-28 12:34 ` [PATCH 05/12] KVM: PPC: Fix updates of vcpu->cpu on HV KVM Paul Mackerras
2012-08-28 12:34   ` Paul Mackerras
2012-08-28 12:35 ` [PATCH 06/12] KVM: PPC: Book3S HV: Remove bogus update of thread IDs in " Paul Mackerras
2012-08-28 12:35   ` Paul Mackerras
2012-08-28 12:36 ` [PATCH 07/12] KVM: PPC: Book3S HV: Fix some races in starting secondary threads Paul Mackerras
2012-08-28 12:36   ` Paul Mackerras
2012-08-28 12:37 ` [PATCH 08/12] KVM: PPC: Book3s HV: Don't access runnable threads list without vcore lock Paul Mackerras
2012-08-28 12:37   ` Paul Mackerras
2012-08-28 12:38 ` [PATCH 09/12] KVM: PPC: Book3S HV: Fixes for late-joining threads Paul Mackerras
2012-08-28 12:38   ` Paul Mackerras
2012-08-28 12:39 ` [PATCH 10/12] KVM: PPC: Book3S HV: Run virtual core whenever any vcpus in it can run Paul Mackerras
2012-08-28 12:39   ` Paul Mackerras
2012-08-28 12:40 ` [PATCH 11/12] KVM: PPC: Book3S HV: Fix accounting of stolen time Paul Mackerras
2012-08-28 12:40   ` Paul Mackerras
2012-08-28 12:40 ` [PATCH 12/12] KVM: PPC: Book3S HV: Fix calculation of guest phys address for MMIO emulation Paul Mackerras
2012-08-28 12:40   ` Paul Mackerras

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    --in-reply-to=20120828123233.GC7258@bloggs.ozlabs.ibm.com \
    --to=paulus@samba.org \
    --cc=agraf@suse.de \
    --cc=kvm-ppc@vger.kernel.org \
    --cc=kvm@vger.kernel.org \
    /path/to/YOUR_REPLY

  https://kernel.org/pub/software/scm/git/docs/git-send-email.html

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