[PATCH] btrfs: do not do delalloc reservation under page lock

[Josef Bacik <josef@toxicpanda.com>]

We ran into a deadlock in production with the fixup worker.  The stack
traces were as follows

Thread responsible for the writeout, waiting on the page lock

[<0>] io_schedule+0x12/0x40
[<0>] __lock_page+0x109/0x1e0
[<0>] extent_write_cache_pages+0x206/0x360
[<0>] extent_writepages+0x40/0x60
[<0>] do_writepages+0x31/0xb0
[<0>] __writeback_single_inode+0x3d/0x350
[<0>] writeback_sb_inodes+0x19d/0x3c0
[<0>] __writeback_inodes_wb+0x5d/0xb0
[<0>] wb_writeback+0x231/0x2c0
[<0>] wb_workfn+0x308/0x3c0
[<0>] process_one_work+0x1e0/0x390
[<0>] worker_thread+0x2b/0x3c0
[<0>] kthread+0x113/0x130
[<0>] ret_from_fork+0x35/0x40
[<0>] 0xffffffffffffffff

Thread of the fixup worker who is holding the page lock

[<0>] start_delalloc_inodes+0x241/0x2d0
[<0>] btrfs_start_delalloc_roots+0x179/0x230
[<0>] btrfs_alloc_data_chunk_ondemand+0x11b/0x2e0
[<0>] btrfs_check_data_free_space+0x53/0xa0
[<0>] btrfs_delalloc_reserve_space+0x20/0x70
[<0>] btrfs_writepage_fixup_worker+0x1fc/0x2a0
[<0>] normal_work_helper+0x11c/0x360
[<0>] process_one_work+0x1e0/0x390
[<0>] worker_thread+0x2b/0x3c0
[<0>] kthread+0x113/0x130
[<0>] ret_from_fork+0x35/0x40
[<0>] 0xffffffffffffffff

Thankfully the stars have to align just right to hit this.  First you
have to end up in the fixup worker, which is tricky by itself (my
reproducer does DIO reads into a MMAP'ed region, so not a common
operation).  Then you have to have less than a page size of free data
space and 0 unallocated space so you go down the "commit the transaction
to free up pinned space" path.  This was accomplished by a random
balance that was running on the host.  Then you get this deadlock.

I'm still in the process of trying to force the deadlock to happen on
demand, but I've hit other issues.  I can still trigger the fixup worker
path itself so this patch has been tested in that regard, so the normal
case is fine.

Fixes: 87826df0ec36 ("btrfs: delalloc for page dirtied out-of-band in fixup worker")
Signed-off-by: Josef Bacik <josef@toxicpanda.com>
---
 fs/btrfs/inode.c | 55 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++------------------
 1 file changed, 34 insertions(+), 21 deletions(-)

diff --git a/fs/btrfs/inode.c b/fs/btrfs/inode.c
index da31571b150b..9886c15e00d8 100644
--- a/fs/btrfs/inode.c
+++ b/fs/btrfs/inode.c
@@ -2198,6 +2198,7 @@ int btrfs_set_extent_delalloc(struct inode *inode, u64 start, u64 end,
 /* see btrfs_writepage_start_hook for details on why this is required */
 struct btrfs_writepage_fixup {
 	struct page *page;
+	struct inode *inode;
 	struct btrfs_work work;
 };
 
@@ -2212,26 +2213,37 @@ static void btrfs_writepage_fixup_worker(struct btrfs_work *work)
 	u64 page_start;
 	u64 page_end;
 	int ret;
+	bool free_delalloc_space = true;
 
 	fixup = container_of(work, struct btrfs_writepage_fixup, work);
 	page = fixup->page;
+	inode = fixup->inode;
+	page_start = page_offset(page);
+	page_end = page_offset(page) + PAGE_SIZE - 1;
+
+	/*
+	 * This is similar to page_mkwrite, we need to reserve the space before
+	 * we take the page lock.
+	 */
+	ret = btrfs_delalloc_reserve_space(inode, &data_reserved, page_start,
+					   PAGE_SIZE);
+	if (ret) {
+		mapping_set_error(inode->i_mapping, ret);
+		goto out_page;
+	}
 again:
 	lock_page(page);
 	if (!page->mapping || !PageDirty(page) || !PageChecked(page)) {
 		ClearPageChecked(page);
-		goto out_page;
+		goto out_reserved;
 	}
 
-	inode = page->mapping->host;
-	page_start = page_offset(page);
-	page_end = page_offset(page) + PAGE_SIZE - 1;
-
 	lock_extent_bits(&BTRFS_I(inode)->io_tree, page_start, page_end,
 			 &cached_state);
 
 	/* already ordered? We're done */
 	if (PagePrivate2(page))
-		goto out;
+		goto out_reserved;
 
 	ordered = btrfs_lookup_ordered_range(BTRFS_I(inode), page_start,
 					PAGE_SIZE);
@@ -2244,39 +2256,32 @@ static void btrfs_writepage_fixup_worker(struct btrfs_work *work)
 		goto again;
 	}
 
-	ret = btrfs_delalloc_reserve_space(inode, &data_reserved, page_start,
-					   PAGE_SIZE);
-	if (ret) {
-		mapping_set_error(page->mapping, ret);
-		end_extent_writepage(page, ret, page_start, page_end);
-		ClearPageChecked(page);
-		goto out;
-	 }
-
 	ret = btrfs_set_extent_delalloc(inode, page_start, page_end, 0,
 					&cached_state);
 	if (ret) {
 		mapping_set_error(page->mapping, ret);
 		end_extent_writepage(page, ret, page_start, page_end);
 		ClearPageChecked(page);
-		goto out_reserved;
+		goto out;
 	}
 
 	ClearPageChecked(page);
 	set_page_dirty(page);
+	free_delalloc_space = false;
+out:
+	unlock_extent_cached(&BTRFS_I(inode)->io_tree, page_start, page_end,
+			     &cached_state);
 out_reserved:
 	btrfs_delalloc_release_extents(BTRFS_I(inode), PAGE_SIZE);
-	if (ret)
+	if (free_delalloc_space)
 		btrfs_delalloc_release_space(inode, data_reserved, page_start,
 					     PAGE_SIZE, true);
-out:
-	unlock_extent_cached(&BTRFS_I(inode)->io_tree, page_start, page_end,
-			     &cached_state);
-out_page:
 	unlock_page(page);
+out_page:
 	put_page(page);
 	kfree(fixup);
 	extent_changeset_free(data_reserved);
+	iput(inode);
 }
 
 /*
@@ -2307,10 +2312,18 @@ int btrfs_writepage_cow_fixup(struct page *page, u64 start, u64 end)
 	if (!fixup)
 		return -EAGAIN;
 
+	/*
+	 * We are already holding a reference to this inode from
+	 * write_cache_pages.  We need to hold it because the space reservation
+	 * takes place outside of the page lock, and we can't trust
+	 * page->mapping outside of the page lock.
+	 */
+	ihold(inode);
 	SetPageChecked(page);
 	get_page(page);
 	btrfs_init_work(&fixup->work, btrfs_writepage_fixup_worker, NULL, NULL);
 	fixup->page = page;
+	fixup->inode = inode;
 	btrfs_queue_work(fs_info->fixup_workers, &fixup->work);
 	return -EBUSY;
 }
-- 
2.24.1