[PATCH v4 3/4] usb: gadget: functionfs: Add DMABUF import interface

From: Paul Cercueil <paul@crapouillou.net>
To: "Greg Kroah-Hartman" <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>,
	"Jonathan Corbet" <corbet@lwn.net>,
	"Sumit Semwal" <sumit.semwal@linaro.org>,
	"Christian König" <christian.koenig@amd.com>
Cc: "Paul Cercueil" <paul@crapouillou.net>,
	"Michael Hennerich" <Michael.Hennerich@analog.com>,
	linux-doc@vger.kernel.org,
	"Daniel Vetter" <daniel.vetter@ffwll.ch>,
	linux-usb@vger.kernel.org, linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org,
	dri-devel@lists.freedesktop.org, linaro-mm-sig@lists.linaro.org,
	"Nuno Sá" <noname.nuno@gmail.com>,
	"Jonathan Cameron" <jic23@kernel.org>,
	linux-media@vger.kernel.org
Subject: [PATCH v4 3/4] usb: gadget: functionfs: Add DMABUF import interface
Date: Wed, 17 Jan 2024 13:26:45 +0100	[thread overview]
Message-ID: <20240117122646.41616-4-paul@crapouillou.net> (raw)
In-Reply-To: <20240117122646.41616-1-paul@crapouillou.net>

This patch introduces three new ioctls. They all should be called on a
data endpoint (ie. not ep0). They are:

- FUNCTIONFS_DMABUF_ATTACH, which takes the file descriptor of a DMABUF
  object to attach to the endpoint.

- FUNCTIONFS_DMABUF_DETACH, which takes the file descriptor of the
  DMABUF to detach from the endpoint. Note that closing the endpoint's
  file descriptor will automatically detach all attached DMABUFs.

- FUNCTIONFS_DMABUF_TRANSFER, which requests a data transfer from / to
  the given DMABUF. Its argument is a structure that packs the DMABUF's
  file descriptor, the size in bytes to transfer (which should generally
  be set to the size of the DMABUF), and a 'flags' field which is unused
  for now.
  Before this ioctl can be used, the related DMABUF must be attached
  with FUNCTIONFS_DMABUF_ATTACH.

These three ioctls enable the FunctionFS code to transfer data between
the USB stack and a DMABUF object, which can be provided by a driver
from a completely different subsystem, in a zero-copy fashion.

Signed-off-by: Paul Cercueil <paul@crapouillou.net>
Acked-by: Daniel Vetter <daniel.vetter@ffwll.ch>

---
v2:
- Make ffs_dma_resv_lock() static
- Add MODULE_IMPORT_NS(DMA_BUF);
- The attach/detach functions are now performed without locking the
  eps_lock spinlock. The transfer function starts with the spinlock
  unlocked, then locks it before allocating and queueing the USB
  transfer.

v3:
- Inline to_ffs_dma_fence() which was called only once.
- Simplify ffs_dma_resv_lock()
- Add comment explaining why we unref twice in ffs_dmabuf_detach()
- Document uapi struct usb_ffs_dmabuf_transfer_req and IOCTLs

v4:
- Protect the dmabufs list with a mutex
- Use incremental sequence number for the dma_fences
- Unref attachments and DMABUFs in workers
- Remove dead code in ffs_dma_resv_lock()
- Fix non-block actually blocking
- Use dma_fence_begin/end_signalling()
- Add comment about cache-management and dma_buf_unmap_attachment()
- Make sure dma_buf_map_attachment() is called with the dma-resv locked
---
 drivers/usb/gadget/function/f_fs.c  | 454 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 include/uapi/linux/usb/functionfs.h |  41 +++
 2 files changed, 495 insertions(+)

diff --git a/drivers/usb/gadget/function/f_fs.c b/drivers/usb/gadget/function/f_fs.c
index ed2a6d5fcef7..64dfd084c857 100644
--- a/drivers/usb/gadget/function/f_fs.c
+++ b/drivers/usb/gadget/function/f_fs.c
@@ -15,6 +15,9 @@
 /* #define VERBOSE_DEBUG */
 
 #include <linux/blkdev.h>
+#include <linux/dma-buf.h>
+#include <linux/dma-fence.h>
+#include <linux/dma-resv.h>
 #include <linux/pagemap.h>
 #include <linux/export.h>
 #include <linux/fs_parser.h>
@@ -43,6 +46,8 @@
 
 #define FUNCTIONFS_MAGIC	0xa647361 /* Chosen by a honest dice roll ;) */
 
+MODULE_IMPORT_NS(DMA_BUF);
+
 /* Reference counter handling */
 static void ffs_data_get(struct ffs_data *ffs);
 static void ffs_data_put(struct ffs_data *ffs);
@@ -124,6 +129,23 @@ struct ffs_ep {
 	u8				num;
 };
 
+struct ffs_dmabuf_priv {
+	struct list_head entry;
+	struct kref ref;
+	struct ffs_data *ffs;
+	struct dma_buf_attachment *attach;
+	spinlock_t lock;
+	u64 context;
+};
+
+struct ffs_dma_fence {
+	struct dma_fence base;
+	struct ffs_dmabuf_priv *priv;
+	struct sg_table *sgt;
+	enum dma_data_direction dir;
+	struct work_struct work;
+};
+
 struct ffs_epfile {
 	/* Protects ep->ep and ep->req. */
 	struct mutex			mutex;
@@ -197,6 +219,11 @@ struct ffs_epfile {
 	unsigned char			isoc;	/* P: ffs->eps_lock */
 
 	unsigned char			_pad;
+
+	/* Protects dmabufs */
+	struct mutex			dmabufs_mutex;
+	struct list_head		dmabufs; /* P: dmabufs_mutex */
+	atomic_t			seqno;
 };
 
 struct ffs_buffer {
@@ -1271,10 +1298,47 @@ static ssize_t ffs_epfile_read_iter(struct kiocb *kiocb, struct iov_iter *to)
 	return res;
 }
 
+static void ffs_dmabuf_release(struct kref *ref)
+{
+	struct ffs_dmabuf_priv *priv = container_of(ref, struct ffs_dmabuf_priv, ref);
+	struct dma_buf_attachment *attach = priv->attach;
+	struct dma_buf *dmabuf = attach->dmabuf;
+
+	pr_debug("FFS DMABUF release\n");
+	dma_buf_detach(attach->dmabuf, attach);
+	dma_buf_put(dmabuf);
+	kfree(priv);
+}
+
+static void ffs_dmabuf_get(struct dma_buf_attachment *attach)
+{
+	struct ffs_dmabuf_priv *priv = attach->importer_priv;
+
+	kref_get(&priv->ref);
+}
+
+static void ffs_dmabuf_put(struct dma_buf_attachment *attach)
+{
+	struct ffs_dmabuf_priv *priv = attach->importer_priv;
+
+	kref_put(&priv->ref, ffs_dmabuf_release);
+}
+
 static int
 ffs_epfile_release(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
 {
 	struct ffs_epfile *epfile = inode->i_private;
+	struct ffs_dmabuf_priv *priv, *tmp;
+
+	mutex_lock(&epfile->dmabufs_mutex);
+
+	/* Close all attached DMABUFs */
+	list_for_each_entry_safe(priv, tmp, &epfile->dmabufs, entry) {
+		list_del(&priv->entry);
+		ffs_dmabuf_put(priv->attach);
+	}
+
+	mutex_unlock(&epfile->dmabufs_mutex);
 
 	__ffs_epfile_read_buffer_free(epfile);
 	ffs_data_closed(epfile->ffs);
@@ -1282,6 +1346,356 @@ ffs_epfile_release(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
 	return 0;
 }
 
+static void ffs_dmabuf_unmap_work(struct work_struct *work)
+{
+	struct ffs_dma_fence *dma_fence =
+		container_of(work, struct ffs_dma_fence, work);
+	struct ffs_dmabuf_priv *priv = dma_fence->priv;
+	struct dma_buf_attachment *attach = priv->attach;
+	struct dma_fence *fence = &dma_fence->base;
+
+	dma_resv_lock(attach->dmabuf->resv, NULL);
+	dma_buf_unmap_attachment(attach, dma_fence->sgt, dma_fence->dir);
+	dma_resv_unlock(attach->dmabuf->resv);
+
+	ffs_dmabuf_put(attach);
+	dma_fence_put(fence);
+}
+
+static void ffs_dmabuf_signal_done(struct ffs_dma_fence *dma_fence, int ret)
+{
+	struct ffs_dmabuf_priv *priv = dma_fence->priv;
+	struct dma_fence *fence = &dma_fence->base;
+	bool cookie = dma_fence_begin_signalling();
+
+	/*
+	 * The dma_buf_unmap_attachment() also perform cache-management.
+	 * In a perfect world this would be done before the DMA fence is
+	 * signaled; however this is not yet possible as
+	 * dma_buf_unmap_attachment() is not safe to use in the DMA fence's
+	 * critical section.
+	 */
+
+	dma_fence_get(fence);
+	fence->error = ret;
+	dma_fence_signal(fence);
+	dma_fence_end_signalling(cookie);
+
+	/*
+	 * The fence will be unref'd in ffs_dmabuf_unmap_work.
+	 * It can't be done here, as the unref functions might try to lock
+	 * the resv object, which would deadlock.
+	 */
+	INIT_WORK(&dma_fence->work, ffs_dmabuf_unmap_work);
+	queue_work(priv->ffs->io_completion_wq, &dma_fence->work);
+}
+
+static void ffs_epfile_dmabuf_io_complete(struct usb_ep *ep,
+					  struct usb_request *req)
+{
+	pr_debug("FFS: DMABUF transfer complete, status=%d\n", req->status);
+	ffs_dmabuf_signal_done(req->context, req->status);
+	usb_ep_free_request(ep, req);
+}
+
+static const char *ffs_dmabuf_get_driver_name(struct dma_fence *fence)
+{
+	return "functionfs";
+}
+
+static const char *ffs_dmabuf_get_timeline_name(struct dma_fence *fence)
+{
+	return "";
+}
+
+static void ffs_dmabuf_fence_release(struct dma_fence *fence)
+{
+	struct ffs_dma_fence *dma_fence =
+		container_of(fence, struct ffs_dma_fence, base);
+
+	kfree(dma_fence);
+}
+
+static const struct dma_fence_ops ffs_dmabuf_fence_ops = {
+	.get_driver_name	= ffs_dmabuf_get_driver_name,
+	.get_timeline_name	= ffs_dmabuf_get_timeline_name,
+	.release		= ffs_dmabuf_fence_release,
+};
+
+static int ffs_dma_resv_lock(struct dma_buf *dmabuf, bool nonblock)
+{
+	if (!nonblock)
+		return dma_resv_lock_interruptible(dmabuf->resv, NULL);
+
+	if (!dma_resv_trylock(dmabuf->resv))
+		return -EBUSY;
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static struct dma_buf_attachment *
+ffs_dmabuf_find_attachment(struct ffs_epfile *epfile, struct dma_buf *dmabuf)
+{
+	struct device *dev = epfile->ffs->gadget->dev.parent;
+	struct dma_buf_attachment *attach = NULL;
+	struct ffs_dmabuf_priv *priv;
+
+	mutex_lock(&epfile->dmabufs_mutex);
+
+	list_for_each_entry(priv, &epfile->dmabufs, entry) {
+		if (priv->attach->dev == dev
+		    && priv->attach->dmabuf == dmabuf) {
+			attach = priv->attach;
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (attach)
+		ffs_dmabuf_get(attach);
+
+	mutex_unlock(&epfile->dmabufs_mutex);
+
+	return attach ?: ERR_PTR(-EPERM);
+}
+
+static int ffs_dmabuf_attach(struct file *file, int fd)
+{
+	struct ffs_epfile *epfile = file->private_data;
+	struct usb_gadget *gadget = epfile->ffs->gadget;
+	struct dma_buf_attachment *attach;
+	struct ffs_dmabuf_priv *priv;
+	struct dma_buf *dmabuf;
+	int err;
+
+	if (!gadget || !gadget->sg_supported)
+		return -EPERM;
+
+	dmabuf = dma_buf_get(fd);
+	if (IS_ERR(dmabuf))
+		return PTR_ERR(dmabuf);
+
+	attach = dma_buf_attach(dmabuf, gadget->dev.parent);
+	if (IS_ERR(attach)) {
+		err = PTR_ERR(attach);
+		goto err_dmabuf_put;
+	}
+
+	priv = kzalloc(sizeof(*priv), GFP_KERNEL);
+	if (!priv) {
+		err = -ENOMEM;
+		goto err_dmabuf_detach;
+	}
+
+	attach->importer_priv = priv;
+
+	priv->ffs = epfile->ffs;
+	priv->attach = attach;
+	spin_lock_init(&priv->lock);
+	kref_init(&priv->ref);
+	priv->context = dma_fence_context_alloc(1);
+
+	mutex_lock(&epfile->dmabufs_mutex);
+	list_add(&priv->entry, &epfile->dmabufs);
+	mutex_unlock(&epfile->dmabufs_mutex);
+
+	return 0;
+
+err_dmabuf_detach:
+	dma_buf_detach(dmabuf, attach);
+err_dmabuf_put:
+	dma_buf_put(dmabuf);
+
+	return err;
+}
+
+static int ffs_dmabuf_detach(struct file *file, int fd)
+{
+	struct ffs_epfile *epfile = file->private_data;
+	struct device *dev = epfile->ffs->gadget->dev.parent;
+	struct ffs_dmabuf_priv *priv;
+	struct dma_buf *dmabuf;
+	int ret = -EPERM;
+
+	dmabuf = dma_buf_get(fd);
+	if (IS_ERR(dmabuf))
+		return PTR_ERR(dmabuf);
+
+	mutex_lock(&epfile->dmabufs_mutex);
+
+	list_for_each_entry(priv, &epfile->dmabufs, entry) {
+		if (priv->attach->dev == dev
+		    && priv->attach->dmabuf == dmabuf) {
+			list_del(&priv->entry);
+
+			/* Unref the reference from ffs_dmabuf_attach() */
+			ffs_dmabuf_put(priv->attach);
+			ret = 0;
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+
+	mutex_unlock(&epfile->dmabufs_mutex);
+	dma_buf_put(dmabuf);
+
+	return ret;
+}
+
+static int ffs_dmabuf_transfer(struct file *file,
+			       const struct usb_ffs_dmabuf_transfer_req *req)
+{
+	bool dma_to_ram, nonblock = file->f_flags & O_NONBLOCK;
+	struct ffs_epfile *epfile = file->private_data;
+	struct dma_buf_attachment *attach;
+	struct ffs_dmabuf_priv *priv;
+	enum dma_data_direction dir;
+	struct ffs_dma_fence *fence;
+	struct usb_request *usb_req;
+	struct sg_table *sg_table;
+	struct dma_buf *dmabuf;
+	struct ffs_ep *ep;
+	bool cookie;
+	u32 seqno;
+	int ret;
+
+	if (req->flags & ~USB_FFS_DMABUF_TRANSFER_MASK)
+		return -EINVAL;
+
+	dmabuf = dma_buf_get(req->fd);
+	if (IS_ERR(dmabuf))
+		return PTR_ERR(dmabuf);
+
+	if (req->length > dmabuf->size || req->length == 0) {
+		ret = -EINVAL;
+		goto err_dmabuf_put;
+	}
+
+	attach = ffs_dmabuf_find_attachment(epfile, dmabuf);
+	if (IS_ERR(attach)) {
+		ret = PTR_ERR(attach);
+		goto err_dmabuf_put;
+	}
+
+	priv = attach->importer_priv;
+
+	if (epfile->in)
+		dir = DMA_FROM_DEVICE;
+	else
+		dir = DMA_TO_DEVICE;
+
+	ep = ffs_epfile_wait_ep(file);
+	if (IS_ERR(ep)) {
+		ret = PTR_ERR(ep);
+		goto err_attachment_put;
+	}
+
+	ret = ffs_dma_resv_lock(dmabuf, nonblock);
+	if (ret)
+		goto err_attachment_put;
+
+	/* Make sure we don't have writers */
+	if (!dma_resv_test_signaled(dmabuf->resv, DMA_RESV_USAGE_WRITE)) {
+		pr_debug("FFS WRITE fence is not signaled\n");
+		ret = -EBUSY;
+		goto err_resv_unlock;
+	}
+
+	dma_to_ram = dir == DMA_FROM_DEVICE;
+
+	/* If we're writing to the DMABUF, make sure we don't have readers */
+	if (dma_to_ram &&
+	    !dma_resv_test_signaled(dmabuf->resv, DMA_RESV_USAGE_READ)) {
+		pr_debug("FFS READ fence is not signaled\n");
+		ret = -EBUSY;
+		goto err_resv_unlock;
+	}
+
+	sg_table = dma_buf_map_attachment(attach, dir);
+	if (IS_ERR(sg_table)) {
+		ret = PTR_ERR(sg_table);
+		goto err_resv_unlock;
+	}
+
+	ret = dma_resv_reserve_fences(dmabuf->resv, 1);
+	if (ret)
+		goto err_unmap_attachment;
+
+	fence = kmalloc(sizeof(*fence), GFP_KERNEL);
+	if (!fence) {
+		ret = -ENOMEM;
+		goto err_resv_unlock;
+	}
+
+	fence->sgt = sg_table;
+	fence->dir = dir;
+	fence->priv = priv;
+
+	spin_lock_irq(&epfile->ffs->eps_lock);
+
+	/* In the meantime, endpoint got disabled or changed. */
+	if (epfile->ep != ep) {
+		ret = -ESHUTDOWN;
+		goto err_fence_put;
+	}
+
+	usb_req = usb_ep_alloc_request(ep->ep, GFP_ATOMIC);
+	if (!usb_req) {
+		ret = -ENOMEM;
+		goto err_fence_put;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * usb_ep_queue() guarantees that all transfers are processed in the
+	 * order they are enqueued, so we can use a simple incrementing
+	 * sequence number for the dma_fence.
+	 */
+	seqno = atomic_add_return(1, &epfile->seqno);
+
+	dma_fence_init(&fence->base, &ffs_dmabuf_fence_ops,
+		       &priv->lock, priv->context, seqno);
+
+	dma_resv_add_fence(dmabuf->resv, &fence->base,
+			   dma_resv_usage_rw(dma_to_ram));
+	dma_resv_unlock(dmabuf->resv);
+
+	/* Now that the dma_fence is in place, queue the transfer. */
+
+	usb_req->length = req->length;
+	usb_req->buf = NULL;
+	usb_req->sg = sg_table->sgl;
+	usb_req->num_sgs = sg_nents_for_len(sg_table->sgl, req->length);
+	usb_req->sg_was_mapped = true;
+	usb_req->context  = fence;
+	usb_req->complete = ffs_epfile_dmabuf_io_complete;
+
+	cookie = dma_fence_begin_signalling();
+	ret = usb_ep_queue(ep->ep, usb_req, GFP_ATOMIC);
+	dma_fence_end_signalling(cookie);
+	if (ret) {
+		pr_warn("FFS: Failed to queue DMABUF: %d\n", ret);
+		ffs_dmabuf_signal_done(fence, ret);
+		usb_ep_free_request(ep->ep, usb_req);
+	}
+
+	spin_unlock_irq(&epfile->ffs->eps_lock);
+	dma_buf_put(dmabuf);
+
+	return ret;
+
+err_fence_put:
+	spin_unlock_irq(&epfile->ffs->eps_lock);
+	dma_fence_put(&fence->base);
+err_unmap_attachment:
+	dma_buf_unmap_attachment(attach, sg_table, dir);
+err_resv_unlock:
+	dma_resv_unlock(dmabuf->resv);
+err_attachment_put:
+	ffs_dmabuf_put(attach);
+err_dmabuf_put:
+	dma_buf_put(dmabuf);
+
+	return ret;
+}
+
 static long ffs_epfile_ioctl(struct file *file, unsigned code,
 			     unsigned long value)
 {
@@ -1292,6 +1706,44 @@ static long ffs_epfile_ioctl(struct file *file, unsigned code,
 	if (WARN_ON(epfile->ffs->state != FFS_ACTIVE))
 		return -ENODEV;
 
+	switch (code) {
+	case FUNCTIONFS_DMABUF_ATTACH:
+	{
+		int fd;
+
+		if (copy_from_user(&fd, (void __user *)value, sizeof(fd))) {
+			ret = -EFAULT;
+			break;
+		}
+
+		return ffs_dmabuf_attach(file, fd);
+	}
+	case FUNCTIONFS_DMABUF_DETACH:
+	{
+		int fd;
+
+		if (copy_from_user(&fd, (void __user *)value, sizeof(fd))) {
+			ret = -EFAULT;
+			break;
+		}
+
+		return ffs_dmabuf_detach(file, fd);
+	}
+	case FUNCTIONFS_DMABUF_TRANSFER:
+	{
+		struct usb_ffs_dmabuf_transfer_req req;
+
+		if (copy_from_user(&req, (void __user *)value, sizeof(req))) {
+			ret = -EFAULT;
+			break;
+		}
+
+		return ffs_dmabuf_transfer(file, &req);
+	}
+	default:
+		break;
+	}
+
 	/* Wait for endpoint to be enabled */
 	ep = ffs_epfile_wait_ep(file);
 	if (IS_ERR(ep))
@@ -1869,6 +2321,8 @@ static int ffs_epfiles_create(struct ffs_data *ffs)
 	for (i = 1; i <= count; ++i, ++epfile) {
 		epfile->ffs = ffs;
 		mutex_init(&epfile->mutex);
+		mutex_init(&epfile->dmabufs_mutex);
+		INIT_LIST_HEAD(&epfile->dmabufs);
 		if (ffs->user_flags & FUNCTIONFS_VIRTUAL_ADDR)
 			sprintf(epfile->name, "ep%02x", ffs->eps_addrmap[i]);
 		else
diff --git a/include/uapi/linux/usb/functionfs.h b/include/uapi/linux/usb/functionfs.h
index 078098e73fd3..9f88de9c3d66 100644
--- a/include/uapi/linux/usb/functionfs.h
+++ b/include/uapi/linux/usb/functionfs.h
@@ -86,6 +86,22 @@ struct usb_ext_prop_desc {
 	__le16	wPropertyNameLength;
 } __attribute__((packed));
 
+/* Flags for usb_ffs_dmabuf_transfer_req->flags (none for now) */
+#define USB_FFS_DMABUF_TRANSFER_MASK	0x0
+
+/**
+ * struct usb_ffs_dmabuf_transfer_req - Transfer request for a DMABUF object
+ * @fd:		file descriptor of the DMABUF object
+ * @flags:	one or more USB_FFS_DMABUF_TRANSFER_* flags
+ * @length:	number of bytes used in this DMABUF for the data transfer.
+ *		Should generally be set to the DMABUF's size.
+ */
+struct usb_ffs_dmabuf_transfer_req {
+	int fd;
+	__u32 flags;
+	__u64 length;
+} __attribute__((packed));
+
 #ifndef __KERNEL__
 
 /*
@@ -290,6 +306,31 @@ struct usb_functionfs_event {
 #define	FUNCTIONFS_ENDPOINT_DESC	_IOR('g', 130, \
 					     struct usb_endpoint_descriptor)
 
+/*
+ * Attach the DMABUF object, identified by its file descriptor, to the
+ * data endpoint. Returns zero on success, and a negative errno value
+ * on error.
+ */
+#define FUNCTIONFS_DMABUF_ATTACH	_IOW('g', 131, int)
+
 
+/*
+ * Detach the given DMABUF object, identified by its file descriptor,
+ * from the data endpoint. Returns zero on success, and a negative
+ * errno value on error. Note that closing the endpoint's file
+ * descriptor will automatically detach all attached DMABUFs.
+ */
+#define FUNCTIONFS_DMABUF_DETACH	_IOW('g', 132, int)
+
+/*
+ * Enqueue the previously attached DMABUF to the transfer queue.
+ * The argument is a structure that packs the DMABUF's file descriptor,
+ * the size in bytes to transfer (which should generally correspond to
+ * the size of the DMABUF), and a 'flags' field which is unused
+ * for now. Returns zero on success, and a negative errno value on
+ * error.
+ */
+#define FUNCTIONFS_DMABUF_TRANSFER	_IOW('g', 133, \
+					     struct usb_ffs_dmabuf_transfer_req)
 
 #endif /* _UAPI__LINUX_FUNCTIONFS_H__ */
-- 
2.43.0

