[PATCH v6 1/4] x86/xen: Probe target addresses in set_aliased_prot before the hypercall

[PATCH v6 1/4] x86/xen: Probe target addresses in set_aliased_prot before the hypercall

[Andy Lutomirski]

The update_va_mapping hypercall can fail if the VA isn't present in
the guest's page tables.  Under certain loads, this can result in an
OOPS when the target address is in unpopulated vmap space.

While we're at it, add comments to help explain what's going on.

This isn't a great long-term fix.  This code should probably be
changed to use something like set_memory_ro.

Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Cc: Andrew Cooper <andrew.cooper3@citrix.com>
Cc: Boris Ostrovsky <boris.ostrovsky@oracle.com>
Cc: David Vrabel <dvrabel@cantab.net>
Signed-off-by: Andy Lutomirski <luto@kernel.org>
---
 arch/x86/xen/enlighten.c | 40 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 1 file changed, 40 insertions(+)

diff --git a/arch/x86/xen/enlighten.c b/arch/x86/xen/enlighten.c
index 0b95c9b8283f..09f7fd6aa5c8 100644
--- a/arch/x86/xen/enlighten.c
+++ b/arch/x86/xen/enlighten.c
@@ -483,6 +483,7 @@ static void set_aliased_prot(void *v, pgprot_t prot)
 	pte_t pte;
 	unsigned long pfn;
 	struct page *page;
+	unsigned char dummy;
 
 	ptep = lookup_address((unsigned long)v, &level);
 	BUG_ON(ptep == NULL);
@@ -492,6 +493,32 @@ static void set_aliased_prot(void *v, pgprot_t prot)
 
 	pte = pfn_pte(pfn, prot);
 
+	/*
+	 * Careful: update_va_mapping will fail if the virtual address
+	 * we're poking isn't populated in the page tables.  We don't
+	 * need to worry about the direct map (that's always in the page
+	 * tables), but we need to be careful about vmap space.  In
+	 * particular, the top level page table can lazily propagate
+	 * entries between processes, so if we've switched mms since we
+	 * vmapped the target in the first place, we might not have the
+	 * top-level page table entry populated.
+	 *
+	 * We disable preemption because we want the same mm active when
+	 * we probe the target and when we issue the hypercall.  We'll
+	 * have the same nominal mm, but if we're a kernel thread, lazy
+	 * mm dropping could change our pgd.
+	 *
+	 * Out of an abundance of caution, this uses __get_user to fault
+	 * in the target address just in case there's some obscure case
+	 * in which the target address isn't readable.
+	 */
+
+	preempt_disable();
+
+	pagefault_disable();	/* Avoid warnings due to being atomic. */
+	__get_user(dummy, (unsigned char __user __force *)v);
+	pagefault_enable();
+
 	if (HYPERVISOR_update_va_mapping((unsigned long)v, pte, 0))
 		BUG();
 
@@ -503,6 +530,8 @@ static void set_aliased_prot(void *v, pgprot_t prot)
 				BUG();
 	} else
 		kmap_flush_unused();
+
+	preempt_enable();
 }
 
 static void xen_alloc_ldt(struct desc_struct *ldt, unsigned entries)
@@ -510,6 +539,17 @@ static void xen_alloc_ldt(struct desc_struct *ldt, unsigned entries)
 	const unsigned entries_per_page = PAGE_SIZE / LDT_ENTRY_SIZE;
 	int i;
 
+	/*
+	 * We need to mark the all aliases of the LDT pages RO.  We
+	 * don't need to call vm_flush_aliases(), though, since that's
+	 * only responsible for flushing aliases out the TLBs, not the
+	 * page tables, and Xen will flush the TLB for us if needed.
+	 *
+	 * To avoid confusing future readers: none of this is necessary
+	 * to load the LDT.  The hypervisor only checks this when the
+	 * LDT is faulted in due to subsequent descriptor access.
+	 */
+
 	for(i = 0; i < entries; i += entries_per_page)
 		set_aliased_prot(ldt + i, PAGE_KERNEL_RO);
 }
-- 
2.4.3

Re: [Xen-devel] [PATCH v6 1/4] x86/xen: Probe target addresses in set_aliased_prot before the hypercall

[David Vrabel]

On 30/07/15 22:31, Andy Lutomirski wrote:
> The update_va_mapping hypercall can fail if the VA isn't present in
> the guest's page tables.  Under certain loads, this can result in an
> OOPS when the target address is in unpopulated vmap space.
> 
> While we're at it, add comments to help explain what's going on.
> 
> This isn't a great long-term fix.  This code should probably be
> changed to use something like set_memory_ro.

Reviewed-by: David Vrabel <david.vrabel@citrix.com>

Thanks.

David

[tip:x86/asm] x86/xen: Probe target addresses in set_aliased_prot () before the hypercall

[tip-bot for Andy Lutomirski]

Commit-ID:  aa1acff356bbedfd03b544051f5b371746735d89
Gitweb:     http://git.kernel.org/tip/aa1acff356bbedfd03b544051f5b371746735d89
Author:     Andy Lutomirski <luto@kernel.org>
AuthorDate: Thu, 30 Jul 2015 14:31:31 -0700
Committer:  Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
CommitDate: Fri, 31 Jul 2015 10:23:22 +0200

x86/xen: Probe target addresses in set_aliased_prot() before the hypercall

The update_va_mapping hypercall can fail if the VA isn't present
in the guest's page tables.  Under certain loads, this can
result in an OOPS when the target address is in unpopulated vmap
space.

While we're at it, add comments to help explain what's going on.

This isn't a great long-term fix.  This code should probably be
changed to use something like set_memory_ro.

Signed-off-by: Andy Lutomirski <luto@kernel.org>
Cc: Andrew Cooper <andrew.cooper3@citrix.com>
Cc: Andy Lutomirski <luto@amacapital.net>
Cc: Boris Ostrovsky <boris.ostrovsky@oracle.com>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@alien8.de>
Cc: Brian Gerst <brgerst@gmail.com>
Cc: David Vrabel <dvrabel@cantab.net>
Cc: Denys Vlasenko <dvlasenk@redhat.com>
Cc: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Jan Beulich <jbeulich@suse.com>
Cc: Konrad Rzeszutek Wilk <konrad.wilk@oracle.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Sasha Levin <sasha.levin@oracle.com>
Cc: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: security@kernel.org <security@kernel.org>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org>
Cc: xen-devel <xen-devel@lists.xen.org>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/0b0e55b995cda11e7829f140b833ef932fcabe3a.1438291540.git.luto@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
---
 arch/x86/xen/enlighten.c | 40 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 1 file changed, 40 insertions(+)

diff --git a/arch/x86/xen/enlighten.c b/arch/x86/xen/enlighten.c
index 0b95c9b..11d6fb4 100644
--- a/arch/x86/xen/enlighten.c
+++ b/arch/x86/xen/enlighten.c
@@ -483,6 +483,7 @@ static void set_aliased_prot(void *v, pgprot_t prot)
 	pte_t pte;
 	unsigned long pfn;
 	struct page *page;
+	unsigned char dummy;
 
 	ptep = lookup_address((unsigned long)v, &level);
 	BUG_ON(ptep == NULL);
@@ -492,6 +493,32 @@ static void set_aliased_prot(void *v, pgprot_t prot)
 
 	pte = pfn_pte(pfn, prot);
 
+	/*
+	 * Careful: update_va_mapping() will fail if the virtual address
+	 * we're poking isn't populated in the page tables.  We don't
+	 * need to worry about the direct map (that's always in the page
+	 * tables), but we need to be careful about vmap space.  In
+	 * particular, the top level page table can lazily propagate
+	 * entries between processes, so if we've switched mms since we
+	 * vmapped the target in the first place, we might not have the
+	 * top-level page table entry populated.
+	 *
+	 * We disable preemption because we want the same mm active when
+	 * we probe the target and when we issue the hypercall.  We'll
+	 * have the same nominal mm, but if we're a kernel thread, lazy
+	 * mm dropping could change our pgd.
+	 *
+	 * Out of an abundance of caution, this uses __get_user() to fault
+	 * in the target address just in case there's some obscure case
+	 * in which the target address isn't readable.
+	 */
+
+	preempt_disable();
+
+	pagefault_disable();	/* Avoid warnings due to being atomic. */
+	__get_user(dummy, (unsigned char __user __force *)v);
+	pagefault_enable();
+
 	if (HYPERVISOR_update_va_mapping((unsigned long)v, pte, 0))
 		BUG();
 
@@ -503,6 +530,8 @@ static void set_aliased_prot(void *v, pgprot_t prot)
 				BUG();
 	} else
 		kmap_flush_unused();
+
+	preempt_enable();
 }
 
 static void xen_alloc_ldt(struct desc_struct *ldt, unsigned entries)
@@ -510,6 +539,17 @@ static void xen_alloc_ldt(struct desc_struct *ldt, unsigned entries)
 	const unsigned entries_per_page = PAGE_SIZE / LDT_ENTRY_SIZE;
 	int i;
 
+	/*
+	 * We need to mark the all aliases of the LDT pages RO.  We
+	 * don't need to call vm_flush_aliases(), though, since that's
+	 * only responsible for flushing aliases out the TLBs, not the
+	 * page tables, and Xen will flush the TLB for us if needed.
+	 *
+	 * To avoid confusing future readers: none of this is necessary
+	 * to load the LDT.  The hypervisor only checks this when the
+	 * LDT is faulted in due to subsequent descriptor access.
+	 */
+
 	for(i = 0; i < entries; i += entries_per_page)
 		set_aliased_prot(ldt + i, PAGE_KERNEL_RO);
 }

[PATCH v6 2/4] x86/ldt: Make modify_ldt synchronous

[Andy Lutomirski]

modify_ldt has questionable locking and does not synchronize
threads.  Improve it: redesign the locking and synchronize all
threads' LDTs using an IPI on all modifications.

This will dramatically slow down modify_ldt in multithreaded
programs, but there shouldn't be any multithreaded programs that
care about modify_ldt's performance in the first place.

This fixes some fallout from the CVE-2015-5157 fixes.

Note to -stable maintainers: by itself, this patch makes a
pre-existing Xen bug much easier to trigger; on a 32-bit Xen guest,
the new ldt_gdt selftest is likely to OOPS.  Even without this
patch, the test can OOPS, but it's much less likely to happen.  The
Xen maintainers should have a fix for that issue shortly.

Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Reviewed-by: Borislav Petkov <bp@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Andy Lutomirski <luto@kernel.org>
---
 arch/x86/include/asm/desc.h        |  15 ---
 arch/x86/include/asm/mmu.h         |   3 +-
 arch/x86/include/asm/mmu_context.h |  54 +++++++-
 arch/x86/kernel/cpu/common.c       |   4 +-
 arch/x86/kernel/cpu/perf_event.c   |  12 +-
 arch/x86/kernel/ldt.c              | 262 ++++++++++++++++++++-----------------
 arch/x86/kernel/process_64.c       |   4 +-
 arch/x86/kernel/step.c             |   6 +-
 arch/x86/power/cpu.c               |   3 +-
 9 files changed, 210 insertions(+), 153 deletions(-)

diff --git a/arch/x86/include/asm/desc.h b/arch/x86/include/asm/desc.h
index a0bf89fd2647..4e10d73cf018 100644
--- a/arch/x86/include/asm/desc.h
+++ b/arch/x86/include/asm/desc.h
@@ -280,21 +280,6 @@ static inline void clear_LDT(void)
 	set_ldt(NULL, 0);
 }
 
-/*
- * load one particular LDT into the current CPU
- */
-static inline void load_LDT_nolock(mm_context_t *pc)
-{
-	set_ldt(pc->ldt, pc->size);
-}
-
-static inline void load_LDT(mm_context_t *pc)
-{
-	preempt_disable();
-	load_LDT_nolock(pc);
-	preempt_enable();
-}
-
 static inline unsigned long get_desc_base(const struct desc_struct *desc)
 {
 	return (unsigned)(desc->base0 | ((desc->base1) << 16) | ((desc->base2) << 24));
diff --git a/arch/x86/include/asm/mmu.h b/arch/x86/include/asm/mmu.h
index 09b9620a73b4..364d27481a52 100644
--- a/arch/x86/include/asm/mmu.h
+++ b/arch/x86/include/asm/mmu.h
@@ -9,8 +9,7 @@
  * we put the segment information here.
  */
 typedef struct {
-	void *ldt;
-	int size;
+	struct ldt_struct *ldt;
 
 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_64
 	/* True if mm supports a task running in 32 bit compatibility mode. */
diff --git a/arch/x86/include/asm/mmu_context.h b/arch/x86/include/asm/mmu_context.h
index 804a3a6030ca..984abfe47edc 100644
--- a/arch/x86/include/asm/mmu_context.h
+++ b/arch/x86/include/asm/mmu_context.h
@@ -34,6 +34,50 @@ static inline void load_mm_cr4(struct mm_struct *mm) {}
 #endif
 
 /*
+ * ldt_structs can be allocated, used, and freed, but they are never
+ * modified while live.
+ */
+struct ldt_struct {
+	/*
+	 * Xen requires page-aligned LDTs with special permissions.  This is
+	 * needed to prevent us from installing evil descriptors such as
+	 * call gates.  On native, we could merge the ldt_struct and LDT
+	 * allocations, but it's not worth trying to optimize.
+	 */
+	struct desc_struct *entries;
+	int size;
+};
+
+static inline void load_mm_ldt(struct mm_struct *mm)
+{
+	struct ldt_struct *ldt;
+
+	/* lockless_dereference synchronizes with smp_store_release */
+	ldt = lockless_dereference(mm->context.ldt);
+
+	/*
+	 * Any change to mm->context.ldt is followed by an IPI to all
+	 * CPUs with the mm active.  The LDT will not be freed until
+	 * after the IPI is handled by all such CPUs.  This means that,
+	 * if the ldt_struct changes before we return, the values we see
+	 * will be safe, and the new values will be loaded before we run
+	 * any user code.
+	 *
+	 * NB: don't try to convert this to use RCU without extreme care.
+	 * We would still need IRQs off, because we don't want to change
+	 * the local LDT after an IPI loaded a newer value than the one
+	 * that we can see.
+	 */
+
+	if (unlikely(ldt))
+		set_ldt(ldt->entries, ldt->size);
+	else
+		clear_LDT();
+
+	DEBUG_LOCKS_WARN_ON(preemptible());
+}
+
+/*
  * Used for LDT copy/destruction.
  */
 int init_new_context(struct task_struct *tsk, struct mm_struct *mm);
@@ -78,12 +122,12 @@ static inline void switch_mm(struct mm_struct *prev, struct mm_struct *next,
 		 * was called and then modify_ldt changed
 		 * prev->context.ldt but suppressed an IPI to this CPU.
 		 * In this case, prev->context.ldt != NULL, because we
-		 * never free an LDT while the mm still exists.  That
-		 * means that next->context.ldt != prev->context.ldt,
-		 * because mms never share an LDT.
+		 * never set context.ldt to NULL while the mm still
+		 * exists.  That means that next->context.ldt !=
+		 * prev->context.ldt, because mms never share an LDT.
 		 */
 		if (unlikely(prev->context.ldt != next->context.ldt))
-			load_LDT_nolock(&next->context);
+			load_mm_ldt(next);
 	}
 #ifdef CONFIG_SMP
 	  else {
@@ -106,7 +150,7 @@ static inline void switch_mm(struct mm_struct *prev, struct mm_struct *next,
 			load_cr3(next->pgd);
 			trace_tlb_flush(TLB_FLUSH_ON_TASK_SWITCH, TLB_FLUSH_ALL);
 			load_mm_cr4(next);
-			load_LDT_nolock(&next->context);
+			load_mm_ldt(next);
 		}
 	}
 #endif
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/common.c b/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/common.c
index 922c5e0cea4c..cb9e5df42dd2 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/common.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/common.c
@@ -1410,7 +1410,7 @@ void cpu_init(void)
 	load_sp0(t, &current->thread);
 	set_tss_desc(cpu, t);
 	load_TR_desc();
-	load_LDT(&init_mm.context);
+	load_mm_ldt(&init_mm);
 
 	clear_all_debug_regs();
 	dbg_restore_debug_regs();
@@ -1459,7 +1459,7 @@ void cpu_init(void)
 	load_sp0(t, thread);
 	set_tss_desc(cpu, t);
 	load_TR_desc();
-	load_LDT(&init_mm.context);
+	load_mm_ldt(&init_mm);
 
 	t->x86_tss.io_bitmap_base = offsetof(struct tss_struct, io_bitmap);
 
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/perf_event.c b/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/perf_event.c
index 3658de47900f..9469dfa55607 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/perf_event.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/perf_event.c
@@ -2179,21 +2179,25 @@ static unsigned long get_segment_base(unsigned int segment)
 	int idx = segment >> 3;
 
 	if ((segment & SEGMENT_TI_MASK) == SEGMENT_LDT) {
+		struct ldt_struct *ldt;
+
 		if (idx > LDT_ENTRIES)
 			return 0;
 
-		if (idx > current->active_mm->context.size)
+		/* IRQs are off, so this synchronizes with smp_store_release */
+		ldt = lockless_dereference(current->active_mm->context.ldt);
+		if (!ldt || idx > ldt->size)
 			return 0;
 
-		desc = current->active_mm->context.ldt;
+		desc = &ldt->entries[idx];
 	} else {
 		if (idx > GDT_ENTRIES)
 			return 0;
 
-		desc = raw_cpu_ptr(gdt_page.gdt);
+		desc = raw_cpu_ptr(gdt_page.gdt) + idx;
 	}
 
-	return get_desc_base(desc + idx);
+	return get_desc_base(desc);
 }
 
 #ifdef CONFIG_COMPAT
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/ldt.c b/arch/x86/kernel/ldt.c
index c37886d759cc..2bcc0525f1c1 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/ldt.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/ldt.c
@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@
 #include <linux/string.h>
 #include <linux/mm.h>
 #include <linux/smp.h>
+#include <linux/slab.h>
 #include <linux/vmalloc.h>
 #include <linux/uaccess.h>
 
@@ -20,82 +21,82 @@
 #include <asm/mmu_context.h>
 #include <asm/syscalls.h>
 
-#ifdef CONFIG_SMP
+/* context.lock is held for us, so we don't need any locking. */
 static void flush_ldt(void *current_mm)
 {
-	if (current->active_mm == current_mm)
-		load_LDT(&current->active_mm->context);
+	mm_context_t *pc;
+
+	if (current->active_mm != current_mm)
+		return;
+
+	pc = &current->active_mm->context;
+	set_ldt(pc->ldt->entries, pc->ldt->size);
 }
-#endif
 
-static int alloc_ldt(mm_context_t *pc, int mincount, int reload)
+/* The caller must call finalize_ldt_struct on the result. LDT starts zeroed. */
+static struct ldt_struct *alloc_ldt_struct(int size)
 {
-	void *oldldt, *newldt;
-	int oldsize;
-
-	if (mincount <= pc->size)
-		return 0;
-	oldsize = pc->size;
-	mincount = (mincount + (PAGE_SIZE / LDT_ENTRY_SIZE - 1)) &
-			(~(PAGE_SIZE / LDT_ENTRY_SIZE - 1));
-	if (mincount * LDT_ENTRY_SIZE > PAGE_SIZE)
-		newldt = vmalloc(mincount * LDT_ENTRY_SIZE);
+	struct ldt_struct *new_ldt;
+	int alloc_size;
+
+	if (size > LDT_ENTRIES)
+		return NULL;
+
+	new_ldt = kmalloc(sizeof(struct ldt_struct), GFP_KERNEL);
+	if (!new_ldt)
+		return NULL;
+
+	BUILD_BUG_ON(LDT_ENTRY_SIZE != sizeof(struct desc_struct));
+	alloc_size = size * LDT_ENTRY_SIZE;
+
+	/*
+	 * Xen is very picky: it requires a page-aligned LDT that has no
+	 * trailing nonzero bytes in any page that contains LDT descriptors.
+	 * Keep it simple: zero the whole allocation and never allocate less
+	 * than PAGE_SIZE.
+	 */
+	if (alloc_size > PAGE_SIZE)
+		new_ldt->entries = vzalloc(alloc_size);
 	else
-		newldt = (void *)__get_free_page(GFP_KERNEL);
-
-	if (!newldt)
-		return -ENOMEM;
+		new_ldt->entries = kzalloc(PAGE_SIZE, GFP_KERNEL);
 
-	if (oldsize)
-		memcpy(newldt, pc->ldt, oldsize * LDT_ENTRY_SIZE);
-	oldldt = pc->ldt;
-	memset(newldt + oldsize * LDT_ENTRY_SIZE, 0,
-	       (mincount - oldsize) * LDT_ENTRY_SIZE);
+	if (!new_ldt->entries) {
+		kfree(new_ldt);
+		return NULL;
+	}
 
-	paravirt_alloc_ldt(newldt, mincount);
+	new_ldt->size = size;
+	return new_ldt;
+}
 
-#ifdef CONFIG_X86_64
-	/* CHECKME: Do we really need this ? */
-	wmb();
-#endif
-	pc->ldt = newldt;
-	wmb();
-	pc->size = mincount;
-	wmb();
-
-	if (reload) {
-#ifdef CONFIG_SMP
-		preempt_disable();
-		load_LDT(pc);
-		if (!cpumask_equal(mm_cpumask(current->mm),
-				   cpumask_of(smp_processor_id())))
-			smp_call_function(flush_ldt, current->mm, 1);
-		preempt_enable();
-#else
-		load_LDT(pc);
-#endif
-	}
-	if (oldsize) {
-		paravirt_free_ldt(oldldt, oldsize);
-		if (oldsize * LDT_ENTRY_SIZE > PAGE_SIZE)
-			vfree(oldldt);
-		else
-			put_page(virt_to_page(oldldt));
-	}
-	return 0;
+/* After calling this, the LDT is immutable. */
+static void finalize_ldt_struct(struct ldt_struct *ldt)
+{
+	paravirt_alloc_ldt(ldt->entries, ldt->size);
 }
 
-static inline int copy_ldt(mm_context_t *new, mm_context_t *old)
+/* context.lock is held */
+static void install_ldt(struct mm_struct *current_mm,
+			struct ldt_struct *ldt)
 {
-	int err = alloc_ldt(new, old->size, 0);
-	int i;
+	/* Synchronizes with lockless_dereference in load_mm_ldt. */
+	smp_store_release(&current_mm->context.ldt, ldt);
+
+	/* Activate the LDT for all CPUs using current_mm. */
+	on_each_cpu_mask(mm_cpumask(current_mm), flush_ldt, current_mm, true);
+}
 
-	if (err < 0)
-		return err;
+static void free_ldt_struct(struct ldt_struct *ldt)
+{
+	if (likely(!ldt))
+		return;
 
-	for (i = 0; i < old->size; i++)
-		write_ldt_entry(new->ldt, i, old->ldt + i * LDT_ENTRY_SIZE);
-	return 0;
+	paravirt_free_ldt(ldt->entries, ldt->size);
+	if (ldt->size * LDT_ENTRY_SIZE > PAGE_SIZE)
+		vfree(ldt->entries);
+	else
+		kfree(ldt->entries);
+	kfree(ldt);
 }
 
 /*
@@ -104,17 +105,37 @@ static inline int copy_ldt(mm_context_t *new, mm_context_t *old)
  */
 int init_new_context(struct task_struct *tsk, struct mm_struct *mm)
 {
+	struct ldt_struct *new_ldt;
 	struct mm_struct *old_mm;
 	int retval = 0;
 
 	mutex_init(&mm->context.lock);
-	mm->context.size = 0;
 	old_mm = current->mm;
-	if (old_mm && old_mm->context.size > 0) {
-		mutex_lock(&old_mm->context.lock);
-		retval = copy_ldt(&mm->context, &old_mm->context);
-		mutex_unlock(&old_mm->context.lock);
+	if (!old_mm) {
+		mm->context.ldt = NULL;
+		return 0;
 	}
+
+	mutex_lock(&old_mm->context.lock);
+	if (!old_mm->context.ldt) {
+		mm->context.ldt = NULL;
+		goto out_unlock;
+	}
+
+	new_ldt = alloc_ldt_struct(old_mm->context.ldt->size);
+	if (!new_ldt) {
+		retval = -ENOMEM;
+		goto out_unlock;
+	}
+
+	memcpy(new_ldt->entries, old_mm->context.ldt->entries,
+	       new_ldt->size * LDT_ENTRY_SIZE);
+	finalize_ldt_struct(new_ldt);
+
+	mm->context.ldt = new_ldt;
+
+out_unlock:
+	mutex_unlock(&old_mm->context.lock);
 	return retval;
 }
 
@@ -125,53 +146,47 @@ int init_new_context(struct task_struct *tsk, struct mm_struct *mm)
  */
 void destroy_context(struct mm_struct *mm)
 {
-	if (mm->context.size) {
-#ifdef CONFIG_X86_32
-		/* CHECKME: Can this ever happen ? */
-		if (mm == current->active_mm)
-			clear_LDT();
-#endif
-		paravirt_free_ldt(mm->context.ldt, mm->context.size);
-		if (mm->context.size * LDT_ENTRY_SIZE > PAGE_SIZE)
-			vfree(mm->context.ldt);
-		else
-			put_page(virt_to_page(mm->context.ldt));
-		mm->context.size = 0;
-	}
+	free_ldt_struct(mm->context.ldt);
+	mm->context.ldt = NULL;
 }
 
 static int read_ldt(void __user *ptr, unsigned long bytecount)
 {
-	int err;
+	int retval;
 	unsigned long size;
 	struct mm_struct *mm = current->mm;
 
-	if (!mm->context.size)
-		return 0;
+	mutex_lock(&mm->context.lock);
+
+	if (!mm->context.ldt) {
+		retval = 0;
+		goto out_unlock;
+	}
+
 	if (bytecount > LDT_ENTRY_SIZE * LDT_ENTRIES)
 		bytecount = LDT_ENTRY_SIZE * LDT_ENTRIES;
 
-	mutex_lock(&mm->context.lock);
-	size = mm->context.size * LDT_ENTRY_SIZE;
+	size = mm->context.ldt->size * LDT_ENTRY_SIZE;
 	if (size > bytecount)
 		size = bytecount;
 
-	err = 0;
-	if (copy_to_user(ptr, mm->context.ldt, size))
-		err = -EFAULT;
-	mutex_unlock(&mm->context.lock);
-	if (err < 0)
-		goto error_return;
+	if (copy_to_user(ptr, mm->context.ldt->entries, size)) {
+		retval = -EFAULT;
+		goto out_unlock;
+	}
+
 	if (size != bytecount) {
-		/* zero-fill the rest */
-		if (clear_user(ptr + size, bytecount - size) != 0) {
-			err = -EFAULT;
-			goto error_return;
+		/* Zero-fill the rest and pretend we read bytecount bytes. */
+		if (clear_user(ptr + size, bytecount - size)) {
+			retval = -EFAULT;
+			goto out_unlock;
 		}
 	}
-	return bytecount;
-error_return:
-	return err;
+	retval = bytecount;
+
+out_unlock:
+	mutex_unlock(&mm->context.lock);
+	return retval;
 }
 
 static int read_default_ldt(void __user *ptr, unsigned long bytecount)
@@ -195,6 +210,8 @@ static int write_ldt(void __user *ptr, unsigned long bytecount, int oldmode)
 	struct desc_struct ldt;
 	int error;
 	struct user_desc ldt_info;
+	int oldsize, newsize;
+	struct ldt_struct *new_ldt, *old_ldt;
 
 	error = -EINVAL;
 	if (bytecount != sizeof(ldt_info))
@@ -213,34 +230,39 @@ static int write_ldt(void __user *ptr, unsigned long bytecount, int oldmode)
 			goto out;
 	}
 
-	mutex_lock(&mm->context.lock);
-	if (ldt_info.entry_number >= mm->context.size) {
-		error = alloc_ldt(&current->mm->context,
-				  ldt_info.entry_number + 1, 1);
-		if (error < 0)
-			goto out_unlock;
-	}
-
-	/* Allow LDTs to be cleared by the user. */
-	if (ldt_info.base_addr == 0 && ldt_info.limit == 0) {
-		if (oldmode || LDT_empty(&ldt_info)) {
-			memset(&ldt, 0, sizeof(ldt));
-			goto install;
+	if ((oldmode && !ldt_info.base_addr && !ldt_info.limit) ||
+	    LDT_empty(&ldt_info)) {
+		/* The user wants to clear the entry. */
+		memset(&ldt, 0, sizeof(ldt));
+	} else {
+		if (!IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_X86_16BIT) && !ldt_info.seg_32bit) {
+			error = -EINVAL;
+			goto out;
 		}
+
+		fill_ldt(&ldt, &ldt_info);
+		if (oldmode)
+			ldt.avl = 0;
 	}
 
-	if (!IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_X86_16BIT) && !ldt_info.seg_32bit) {
-		error = -EINVAL;
+	mutex_lock(&mm->context.lock);
+
+	old_ldt = mm->context.ldt;
+	oldsize = old_ldt ? old_ldt->size : 0;
+	newsize = max((int)(ldt_info.entry_number + 1), oldsize);
+
+	error = -ENOMEM;
+	new_ldt = alloc_ldt_struct(newsize);
+	if (!new_ldt)
 		goto out_unlock;
-	}
 
-	fill_ldt(&ldt, &ldt_info);
-	if (oldmode)
-		ldt.avl = 0;
+	if (old_ldt)
+		memcpy(new_ldt->entries, old_ldt->entries, oldsize * LDT_ENTRY_SIZE);
+	new_ldt->entries[ldt_info.entry_number] = ldt;
+	finalize_ldt_struct(new_ldt);
 
-	/* Install the new entry ...  */
-install:
-	write_ldt_entry(mm->context.ldt, ldt_info.entry_number, &ldt);
+	install_ldt(mm, new_ldt);
+	free_ldt_struct(old_ldt);
 	error = 0;
 
 out_unlock:
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/process_64.c b/arch/x86/kernel/process_64.c
index 71d7849a07f7..f6b916387590 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/process_64.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/process_64.c
@@ -121,11 +121,11 @@ void __show_regs(struct pt_regs *regs, int all)
 void release_thread(struct task_struct *dead_task)
 {
 	if (dead_task->mm) {
-		if (dead_task->mm->context.size) {
+		if (dead_task->mm->context.ldt) {
 			pr_warn("WARNING: dead process %s still has LDT? <%p/%d>\n",
 				dead_task->comm,
 				dead_task->mm->context.ldt,
-				dead_task->mm->context.size);
+				dead_task->mm->context.ldt->size);
 			BUG();
 		}
 	}
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/step.c b/arch/x86/kernel/step.c
index 9b4d51d0c0d0..6273324186ac 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/step.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/step.c
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@
 #include <linux/mm.h>
 #include <linux/ptrace.h>
 #include <asm/desc.h>
+#include <asm/mmu_context.h>
 
 unsigned long convert_ip_to_linear(struct task_struct *child, struct pt_regs *regs)
 {
@@ -30,10 +31,11 @@ unsigned long convert_ip_to_linear(struct task_struct *child, struct pt_regs *re
 		seg &= ~7UL;
 
 		mutex_lock(&child->mm->context.lock);
-		if (unlikely((seg >> 3) >= child->mm->context.size))
+		if (unlikely(!child->mm->context.ldt ||
+			     (seg >> 3) >= child->mm->context.ldt->size))
 			addr = -1L; /* bogus selector, access would fault */
 		else {
-			desc = child->mm->context.ldt + seg;
+			desc = &child->mm->context.ldt->entries[seg];
 			base = get_desc_base(desc);
 
 			/* 16-bit code segment? */
diff --git a/arch/x86/power/cpu.c b/arch/x86/power/cpu.c
index 0d7dd1f5ac36..9ab52791fed5 100644
--- a/arch/x86/power/cpu.c
+++ b/arch/x86/power/cpu.c
@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@
 #include <asm/fpu/internal.h>
 #include <asm/debugreg.h>
 #include <asm/cpu.h>
+#include <asm/mmu_context.h>
 
 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_32
 __visible unsigned long saved_context_ebx;
@@ -153,7 +154,7 @@ static void fix_processor_context(void)
 	syscall_init();				/* This sets MSR_*STAR and related */
 #endif
 	load_TR_desc();				/* This does ltr */
-	load_LDT(&current->active_mm->context);	/* This does lldt */
+	load_mm_ldt(current->active_mm);	/* This does lldt */
 
 	fpu__resume_cpu();
 }
-- 
2.4.3

Re: [PATCH v6 2/4] x86/ldt: Make modify_ldt synchronous

[Andrew Cooper]

On 30/07/2015 22:31, Andy Lutomirski wrote:
> Note to -stable maintainers: by itself, this patch makes a
> pre-existing Xen bug much easier to trigger; on a 32-bit Xen guest,
> the new ldt_gdt selftest is likely to OOPS.  Even without this
> patch, the test can OOPS, but it's much less likely to happen.  The
> Xen maintainers should have a fix for that issue shortly.

All Xen issues should be fixed by patch 1 now.

~Andrew

Re: [PATCH v6 2/4] x86/ldt: Make modify_ldt synchronous

[Andy Lutomirski]

On Thu, Jul 30, 2015 at 3:50 PM, Andrew Cooper
<andrew.cooper3@citrix.com> wrote:
> On 30/07/2015 22:31, Andy Lutomirski wrote:
>> Note to -stable maintainers: by itself, this patch makes a
>> pre-existing Xen bug much easier to trigger; on a 32-bit Xen guest,
>> the new ldt_gdt selftest is likely to OOPS.  Even without this
>> patch, the test can OOPS, but it's much less likely to happen.  The
>> Xen maintainers should have a fix for that issue shortly.
>
> All Xen issues should be fixed by patch 1 now.
>

Whoops, right.  That paragraph in the changelog can be deleted.

> ~Andrew



-- 
Andy Lutomirski
AMA Capital Management, LLC

[tip:x86/asm] x86/ldt: Make modify_ldt synchronous

[tip-bot for Andy Lutomirski]

Commit-ID:  37868fe113ff2ba814b3b4eb12df214df555f8dc
Gitweb:     http://git.kernel.org/tip/37868fe113ff2ba814b3b4eb12df214df555f8dc
Author:     Andy Lutomirski <luto@kernel.org>
AuthorDate: Thu, 30 Jul 2015 14:31:32 -0700
Committer:  Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
CommitDate: Fri, 31 Jul 2015 10:23:23 +0200

x86/ldt: Make modify_ldt synchronous

modify_ldt() has questionable locking and does not synchronize
threads.  Improve it: redesign the locking and synchronize all
threads' LDTs using an IPI on all modifications.

This will dramatically slow down modify_ldt in multithreaded
programs, but there shouldn't be any multithreaded programs that
care about modify_ldt's performance in the first place.

This fixes some fallout from the CVE-2015-5157 fixes.

Signed-off-by: Andy Lutomirski <luto@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Borislav Petkov <bp@suse.de>
Cc: Andrew Cooper <andrew.cooper3@citrix.com>
Cc: Andy Lutomirski <luto@amacapital.net>
Cc: Boris Ostrovsky <boris.ostrovsky@oracle.com>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@alien8.de>
Cc: Brian Gerst <brgerst@gmail.com>
Cc: Denys Vlasenko <dvlasenk@redhat.com>
Cc: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Jan Beulich <jbeulich@suse.com>
Cc: Konrad Rzeszutek Wilk <konrad.wilk@oracle.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Sasha Levin <sasha.levin@oracle.com>
Cc: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: security@kernel.org <security@kernel.org>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org>
Cc: xen-devel <xen-devel@lists.xen.org>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/4c6978476782160600471bd865b318db34c7b628.1438291540.git.luto@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
---
 arch/x86/include/asm/desc.h        |  15 ---
 arch/x86/include/asm/mmu.h         |   3 +-
 arch/x86/include/asm/mmu_context.h |  54 +++++++-
 arch/x86/kernel/cpu/common.c       |   4 +-
 arch/x86/kernel/cpu/perf_event.c   |  12 +-
 arch/x86/kernel/ldt.c              | 262 ++++++++++++++++++++-----------------
 arch/x86/kernel/process_64.c       |   4 +-
 arch/x86/kernel/step.c             |   6 +-
 arch/x86/power/cpu.c               |   3 +-
 9 files changed, 210 insertions(+), 153 deletions(-)

diff --git a/arch/x86/include/asm/desc.h b/arch/x86/include/asm/desc.h
index a0bf89f..4e10d73 100644
--- a/arch/x86/include/asm/desc.h
+++ b/arch/x86/include/asm/desc.h
@@ -280,21 +280,6 @@ static inline void clear_LDT(void)
 	set_ldt(NULL, 0);
 }
 
-/*
- * load one particular LDT into the current CPU
- */
-static inline void load_LDT_nolock(mm_context_t *pc)
-{
-	set_ldt(pc->ldt, pc->size);
-}
-
-static inline void load_LDT(mm_context_t *pc)
-{
-	preempt_disable();
-	load_LDT_nolock(pc);
-	preempt_enable();
-}
-
 static inline unsigned long get_desc_base(const struct desc_struct *desc)
 {
 	return (unsigned)(desc->base0 | ((desc->base1) << 16) | ((desc->base2) << 24));
diff --git a/arch/x86/include/asm/mmu.h b/arch/x86/include/asm/mmu.h
index 09b9620..364d274 100644
--- a/arch/x86/include/asm/mmu.h
+++ b/arch/x86/include/asm/mmu.h
@@ -9,8 +9,7 @@
  * we put the segment information here.
  */
 typedef struct {
-	void *ldt;
-	int size;
+	struct ldt_struct *ldt;
 
 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_64
 	/* True if mm supports a task running in 32 bit compatibility mode. */
diff --git a/arch/x86/include/asm/mmu_context.h b/arch/x86/include/asm/mmu_context.h
index 804a3a6..984abfe 100644
--- a/arch/x86/include/asm/mmu_context.h
+++ b/arch/x86/include/asm/mmu_context.h
@@ -34,6 +34,50 @@ static inline void load_mm_cr4(struct mm_struct *mm) {}
 #endif
 
 /*
+ * ldt_structs can be allocated, used, and freed, but they are never
+ * modified while live.
+ */
+struct ldt_struct {
+	/*
+	 * Xen requires page-aligned LDTs with special permissions.  This is
+	 * needed to prevent us from installing evil descriptors such as
+	 * call gates.  On native, we could merge the ldt_struct and LDT
+	 * allocations, but it's not worth trying to optimize.
+	 */
+	struct desc_struct *entries;
+	int size;
+};
+
+static inline void load_mm_ldt(struct mm_struct *mm)
+{
+	struct ldt_struct *ldt;
+
+	/* lockless_dereference synchronizes with smp_store_release */
+	ldt = lockless_dereference(mm->context.ldt);
+
+	/*
+	 * Any change to mm->context.ldt is followed by an IPI to all
+	 * CPUs with the mm active.  The LDT will not be freed until
+	 * after the IPI is handled by all such CPUs.  This means that,
+	 * if the ldt_struct changes before we return, the values we see
+	 * will be safe, and the new values will be loaded before we run
+	 * any user code.
+	 *
+	 * NB: don't try to convert this to use RCU without extreme care.
+	 * We would still need IRQs off, because we don't want to change
+	 * the local LDT after an IPI loaded a newer value than the one
+	 * that we can see.
+	 */
+
+	if (unlikely(ldt))
+		set_ldt(ldt->entries, ldt->size);
+	else
+		clear_LDT();
+
+	DEBUG_LOCKS_WARN_ON(preemptible());
+}
+
+/*
  * Used for LDT copy/destruction.
  */
 int init_new_context(struct task_struct *tsk, struct mm_struct *mm);
@@ -78,12 +122,12 @@ static inline void switch_mm(struct mm_struct *prev, struct mm_struct *next,
 		 * was called and then modify_ldt changed
 		 * prev->context.ldt but suppressed an IPI to this CPU.
 		 * In this case, prev->context.ldt != NULL, because we
-		 * never free an LDT while the mm still exists.  That
-		 * means that next->context.ldt != prev->context.ldt,
-		 * because mms never share an LDT.
+		 * never set context.ldt to NULL while the mm still
+		 * exists.  That means that next->context.ldt !=
+		 * prev->context.ldt, because mms never share an LDT.
 		 */
 		if (unlikely(prev->context.ldt != next->context.ldt))
-			load_LDT_nolock(&next->context);
+			load_mm_ldt(next);
 	}
 #ifdef CONFIG_SMP
 	  else {
@@ -106,7 +150,7 @@ static inline void switch_mm(struct mm_struct *prev, struct mm_struct *next,
 			load_cr3(next->pgd);
 			trace_tlb_flush(TLB_FLUSH_ON_TASK_SWITCH, TLB_FLUSH_ALL);
 			load_mm_cr4(next);
-			load_LDT_nolock(&next->context);
+			load_mm_ldt(next);
 		}
 	}
 #endif
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/common.c b/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/common.c
index 922c5e0..cb9e5df 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/common.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/common.c
@@ -1410,7 +1410,7 @@ void cpu_init(void)
 	load_sp0(t, &current->thread);
 	set_tss_desc(cpu, t);
 	load_TR_desc();
-	load_LDT(&init_mm.context);
+	load_mm_ldt(&init_mm);
 
 	clear_all_debug_regs();
 	dbg_restore_debug_regs();
@@ -1459,7 +1459,7 @@ void cpu_init(void)
 	load_sp0(t, thread);
 	set_tss_desc(cpu, t);
 	load_TR_desc();
-	load_LDT(&init_mm.context);
+	load_mm_ldt(&init_mm);
 
 	t->x86_tss.io_bitmap_base = offsetof(struct tss_struct, io_bitmap);
 
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/perf_event.c b/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/perf_event.c
index 3658de4..9469dfa 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/perf_event.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/perf_event.c
@@ -2179,21 +2179,25 @@ static unsigned long get_segment_base(unsigned int segment)
 	int idx = segment >> 3;
 
 	if ((segment & SEGMENT_TI_MASK) == SEGMENT_LDT) {
+		struct ldt_struct *ldt;
+
 		if (idx > LDT_ENTRIES)
 			return 0;
 
-		if (idx > current->active_mm->context.size)
+		/* IRQs are off, so this synchronizes with smp_store_release */
+		ldt = lockless_dereference(current->active_mm->context.ldt);
+		if (!ldt || idx > ldt->size)
 			return 0;
 
-		desc = current->active_mm->context.ldt;
+		desc = &ldt->entries[idx];
 	} else {
 		if (idx > GDT_ENTRIES)
 			return 0;
 
-		desc = raw_cpu_ptr(gdt_page.gdt);
+		desc = raw_cpu_ptr(gdt_page.gdt) + idx;
 	}
 
-	return get_desc_base(desc + idx);
+	return get_desc_base(desc);
 }
 
 #ifdef CONFIG_COMPAT
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/ldt.c b/arch/x86/kernel/ldt.c
index c37886d..2bcc052 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/ldt.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/ldt.c
@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@
 #include <linux/string.h>
 #include <linux/mm.h>
 #include <linux/smp.h>
+#include <linux/slab.h>
 #include <linux/vmalloc.h>
 #include <linux/uaccess.h>
 
@@ -20,82 +21,82 @@
 #include <asm/mmu_context.h>
 #include <asm/syscalls.h>
 
-#ifdef CONFIG_SMP
+/* context.lock is held for us, so we don't need any locking. */
 static void flush_ldt(void *current_mm)
 {
-	if (current->active_mm == current_mm)
-		load_LDT(&current->active_mm->context);
+	mm_context_t *pc;
+
+	if (current->active_mm != current_mm)
+		return;
+
+	pc = &current->active_mm->context;
+	set_ldt(pc->ldt->entries, pc->ldt->size);
 }
-#endif
 
-static int alloc_ldt(mm_context_t *pc, int mincount, int reload)
+/* The caller must call finalize_ldt_struct on the result. LDT starts zeroed. */
+static struct ldt_struct *alloc_ldt_struct(int size)
 {
-	void *oldldt, *newldt;
-	int oldsize;
-
-	if (mincount <= pc->size)
-		return 0;
-	oldsize = pc->size;
-	mincount = (mincount + (PAGE_SIZE / LDT_ENTRY_SIZE - 1)) &
-			(~(PAGE_SIZE / LDT_ENTRY_SIZE - 1));
-	if (mincount * LDT_ENTRY_SIZE > PAGE_SIZE)
-		newldt = vmalloc(mincount * LDT_ENTRY_SIZE);
+	struct ldt_struct *new_ldt;
+	int alloc_size;
+
+	if (size > LDT_ENTRIES)
+		return NULL;
+
+	new_ldt = kmalloc(sizeof(struct ldt_struct), GFP_KERNEL);
+	if (!new_ldt)
+		return NULL;
+
+	BUILD_BUG_ON(LDT_ENTRY_SIZE != sizeof(struct desc_struct));
+	alloc_size = size * LDT_ENTRY_SIZE;
+
+	/*
+	 * Xen is very picky: it requires a page-aligned LDT that has no
+	 * trailing nonzero bytes in any page that contains LDT descriptors.
+	 * Keep it simple: zero the whole allocation and never allocate less
+	 * than PAGE_SIZE.
+	 */
+	if (alloc_size > PAGE_SIZE)
+		new_ldt->entries = vzalloc(alloc_size);
 	else
-		newldt = (void *)__get_free_page(GFP_KERNEL);
-
-	if (!newldt)
-		return -ENOMEM;
+		new_ldt->entries = kzalloc(PAGE_SIZE, GFP_KERNEL);
 
-	if (oldsize)
-		memcpy(newldt, pc->ldt, oldsize * LDT_ENTRY_SIZE);
-	oldldt = pc->ldt;
-	memset(newldt + oldsize * LDT_ENTRY_SIZE, 0,
-	       (mincount - oldsize) * LDT_ENTRY_SIZE);
+	if (!new_ldt->entries) {
+		kfree(new_ldt);
+		return NULL;
+	}
 
-	paravirt_alloc_ldt(newldt, mincount);
+	new_ldt->size = size;
+	return new_ldt;
+}
 
-#ifdef CONFIG_X86_64
-	/* CHECKME: Do we really need this ? */
-	wmb();
-#endif
-	pc->ldt = newldt;
-	wmb();
-	pc->size = mincount;
-	wmb();
-
-	if (reload) {
-#ifdef CONFIG_SMP
-		preempt_disable();
-		load_LDT(pc);
-		if (!cpumask_equal(mm_cpumask(current->mm),
-				   cpumask_of(smp_processor_id())))
-			smp_call_function(flush_ldt, current->mm, 1);
-		preempt_enable();
-#else
-		load_LDT(pc);
-#endif
-	}
-	if (oldsize) {
-		paravirt_free_ldt(oldldt, oldsize);
-		if (oldsize * LDT_ENTRY_SIZE > PAGE_SIZE)
-			vfree(oldldt);
-		else
-			put_page(virt_to_page(oldldt));
-	}
-	return 0;
+/* After calling this, the LDT is immutable. */
+static void finalize_ldt_struct(struct ldt_struct *ldt)
+{
+	paravirt_alloc_ldt(ldt->entries, ldt->size);
 }
 
-static inline int copy_ldt(mm_context_t *new, mm_context_t *old)
+/* context.lock is held */
+static void install_ldt(struct mm_struct *current_mm,
+			struct ldt_struct *ldt)
 {
-	int err = alloc_ldt(new, old->size, 0);
-	int i;
+	/* Synchronizes with lockless_dereference in load_mm_ldt. */
+	smp_store_release(&current_mm->context.ldt, ldt);
+
+	/* Activate the LDT for all CPUs using current_mm. */
+	on_each_cpu_mask(mm_cpumask(current_mm), flush_ldt, current_mm, true);
+}
 
-	if (err < 0)
-		return err;
+static void free_ldt_struct(struct ldt_struct *ldt)
+{
+	if (likely(!ldt))
+		return;
 
-	for (i = 0; i < old->size; i++)
-		write_ldt_entry(new->ldt, i, old->ldt + i * LDT_ENTRY_SIZE);
-	return 0;
+	paravirt_free_ldt(ldt->entries, ldt->size);
+	if (ldt->size * LDT_ENTRY_SIZE > PAGE_SIZE)
+		vfree(ldt->entries);
+	else
+		kfree(ldt->entries);
+	kfree(ldt);
 }
 
 /*
@@ -104,17 +105,37 @@ static inline int copy_ldt(mm_context_t *new, mm_context_t *old)
  */
 int init_new_context(struct task_struct *tsk, struct mm_struct *mm)
 {
+	struct ldt_struct *new_ldt;
 	struct mm_struct *old_mm;
 	int retval = 0;
 
 	mutex_init(&mm->context.lock);
-	mm->context.size = 0;
 	old_mm = current->mm;
-	if (old_mm && old_mm->context.size > 0) {
-		mutex_lock(&old_mm->context.lock);
-		retval = copy_ldt(&mm->context, &old_mm->context);
-		mutex_unlock(&old_mm->context.lock);
+	if (!old_mm) {
+		mm->context.ldt = NULL;
+		return 0;
 	}
+
+	mutex_lock(&old_mm->context.lock);
+	if (!old_mm->context.ldt) {
+		mm->context.ldt = NULL;
+		goto out_unlock;
+	}
+
+	new_ldt = alloc_ldt_struct(old_mm->context.ldt->size);
+	if (!new_ldt) {
+		retval = -ENOMEM;
+		goto out_unlock;
+	}
+
+	memcpy(new_ldt->entries, old_mm->context.ldt->entries,
+	       new_ldt->size * LDT_ENTRY_SIZE);
+	finalize_ldt_struct(new_ldt);
+
+	mm->context.ldt = new_ldt;
+
+out_unlock:
+	mutex_unlock(&old_mm->context.lock);
 	return retval;
 }
 
@@ -125,53 +146,47 @@ int init_new_context(struct task_struct *tsk, struct mm_struct *mm)
  */
 void destroy_context(struct mm_struct *mm)
 {
-	if (mm->context.size) {
-#ifdef CONFIG_X86_32
-		/* CHECKME: Can this ever happen ? */
-		if (mm == current->active_mm)
-			clear_LDT();
-#endif
-		paravirt_free_ldt(mm->context.ldt, mm->context.size);
-		if (mm->context.size * LDT_ENTRY_SIZE > PAGE_SIZE)
-			vfree(mm->context.ldt);
-		else
-			put_page(virt_to_page(mm->context.ldt));
-		mm->context.size = 0;
-	}
+	free_ldt_struct(mm->context.ldt);
+	mm->context.ldt = NULL;
 }
 
 static int read_ldt(void __user *ptr, unsigned long bytecount)
 {
-	int err;
+	int retval;
 	unsigned long size;
 	struct mm_struct *mm = current->mm;
 
-	if (!mm->context.size)
-		return 0;
+	mutex_lock(&mm->context.lock);
+
+	if (!mm->context.ldt) {
+		retval = 0;
+		goto out_unlock;
+	}
+
 	if (bytecount > LDT_ENTRY_SIZE * LDT_ENTRIES)
 		bytecount = LDT_ENTRY_SIZE * LDT_ENTRIES;
 
-	mutex_lock(&mm->context.lock);
-	size = mm->context.size * LDT_ENTRY_SIZE;
+	size = mm->context.ldt->size * LDT_ENTRY_SIZE;
 	if (size > bytecount)
 		size = bytecount;
 
-	err = 0;
-	if (copy_to_user(ptr, mm->context.ldt, size))
-		err = -EFAULT;
-	mutex_unlock(&mm->context.lock);
-	if (err < 0)
-		goto error_return;
+	if (copy_to_user(ptr, mm->context.ldt->entries, size)) {
+		retval = -EFAULT;
+		goto out_unlock;
+	}
+
 	if (size != bytecount) {
-		/* zero-fill the rest */
-		if (clear_user(ptr + size, bytecount - size) != 0) {
-			err = -EFAULT;
-			goto error_return;
+		/* Zero-fill the rest and pretend we read bytecount bytes. */
+		if (clear_user(ptr + size, bytecount - size)) {
+			retval = -EFAULT;
+			goto out_unlock;
 		}
 	}
-	return bytecount;
-error_return:
-	return err;
+	retval = bytecount;
+
+out_unlock:
+	mutex_unlock(&mm->context.lock);
+	return retval;
 }
 
 static int read_default_ldt(void __user *ptr, unsigned long bytecount)
@@ -195,6 +210,8 @@ static int write_ldt(void __user *ptr, unsigned long bytecount, int oldmode)
 	struct desc_struct ldt;
 	int error;
 	struct user_desc ldt_info;
+	int oldsize, newsize;
+	struct ldt_struct *new_ldt, *old_ldt;
 
 	error = -EINVAL;
 	if (bytecount != sizeof(ldt_info))
@@ -213,34 +230,39 @@ static int write_ldt(void __user *ptr, unsigned long bytecount, int oldmode)
 			goto out;
 	}
 
-	mutex_lock(&mm->context.lock);
-	if (ldt_info.entry_number >= mm->context.size) {
-		error = alloc_ldt(&current->mm->context,
-				  ldt_info.entry_number + 1, 1);
-		if (error < 0)
-			goto out_unlock;
-	}
-
-	/* Allow LDTs to be cleared by the user. */
-	if (ldt_info.base_addr == 0 && ldt_info.limit == 0) {
-		if (oldmode || LDT_empty(&ldt_info)) {
-			memset(&ldt, 0, sizeof(ldt));
-			goto install;
+	if ((oldmode && !ldt_info.base_addr && !ldt_info.limit) ||
+	    LDT_empty(&ldt_info)) {
+		/* The user wants to clear the entry. */
+		memset(&ldt, 0, sizeof(ldt));
+	} else {
+		if (!IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_X86_16BIT) && !ldt_info.seg_32bit) {
+			error = -EINVAL;
+			goto out;
 		}
+
+		fill_ldt(&ldt, &ldt_info);
+		if (oldmode)
+			ldt.avl = 0;
 	}
 
-	if (!IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_X86_16BIT) && !ldt_info.seg_32bit) {
-		error = -EINVAL;
+	mutex_lock(&mm->context.lock);
+
+	old_ldt = mm->context.ldt;
+	oldsize = old_ldt ? old_ldt->size : 0;
+	newsize = max((int)(ldt_info.entry_number + 1), oldsize);
+
+	error = -ENOMEM;
+	new_ldt = alloc_ldt_struct(newsize);
+	if (!new_ldt)
 		goto out_unlock;
-	}
 
-	fill_ldt(&ldt, &ldt_info);
-	if (oldmode)
-		ldt.avl = 0;
+	if (old_ldt)
+		memcpy(new_ldt->entries, old_ldt->entries, oldsize * LDT_ENTRY_SIZE);
+	new_ldt->entries[ldt_info.entry_number] = ldt;
+	finalize_ldt_struct(new_ldt);
 
-	/* Install the new entry ...  */
-install:
-	write_ldt_entry(mm->context.ldt, ldt_info.entry_number, &ldt);
+	install_ldt(mm, new_ldt);
+	free_ldt_struct(old_ldt);
 	error = 0;
 
 out_unlock:
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/process_64.c b/arch/x86/kernel/process_64.c
index 71d7849..f6b9163 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/process_64.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/process_64.c
@@ -121,11 +121,11 @@ void __show_regs(struct pt_regs *regs, int all)
 void release_thread(struct task_struct *dead_task)
 {
 	if (dead_task->mm) {
-		if (dead_task->mm->context.size) {
+		if (dead_task->mm->context.ldt) {
 			pr_warn("WARNING: dead process %s still has LDT? <%p/%d>\n",
 				dead_task->comm,
 				dead_task->mm->context.ldt,
-				dead_task->mm->context.size);
+				dead_task->mm->context.ldt->size);
 			BUG();
 		}
 	}
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/step.c b/arch/x86/kernel/step.c
index 9b4d51d..6273324 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/step.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/step.c
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@
 #include <linux/mm.h>
 #include <linux/ptrace.h>
 #include <asm/desc.h>
+#include <asm/mmu_context.h>
 
 unsigned long convert_ip_to_linear(struct task_struct *child, struct pt_regs *regs)
 {
@@ -30,10 +31,11 @@ unsigned long convert_ip_to_linear(struct task_struct *child, struct pt_regs *re
 		seg &= ~7UL;
 
 		mutex_lock(&child->mm->context.lock);
-		if (unlikely((seg >> 3) >= child->mm->context.size))
+		if (unlikely(!child->mm->context.ldt ||
+			     (seg >> 3) >= child->mm->context.ldt->size))
 			addr = -1L; /* bogus selector, access would fault */
 		else {
-			desc = child->mm->context.ldt + seg;
+			desc = &child->mm->context.ldt->entries[seg];
 			base = get_desc_base(desc);
 
 			/* 16-bit code segment? */
diff --git a/arch/x86/power/cpu.c b/arch/x86/power/cpu.c
index 0d7dd1f..9ab5279 100644
--- a/arch/x86/power/cpu.c
+++ b/arch/x86/power/cpu.c
@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@
 #include <asm/fpu/internal.h>
 #include <asm/debugreg.h>
 #include <asm/cpu.h>
+#include <asm/mmu_context.h>
 
 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_32
 __visible unsigned long saved_context_ebx;
@@ -153,7 +154,7 @@ static void fix_processor_context(void)
 	syscall_init();				/* This sets MSR_*STAR and related */
 #endif
 	load_TR_desc();				/* This does ltr */
-	load_LDT(&current->active_mm->context);	/* This does lldt */
+	load_mm_ldt(current->active_mm);	/* This does lldt */
 
 	fpu__resume_cpu();
 }