v9fs.lists.linux.dev archive mirror
 help / color / mirror / Atom feed
From: Jeff Layton <jlayton@kernel.org>
To: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>,
	 Masami Hiramatsu <mhiramat@kernel.org>,
	 Mathieu Desnoyers <mathieu.desnoyers@efficios.com>,
	 Chuck Lever <chuck.lever@oracle.com>,
	 Alexander Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>,
	 Christian Brauner <brauner@kernel.org>, Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>,
	 Eric Van Hensbergen <ericvh@kernel.org>,
	 Latchesar Ionkov <lucho@ionkov.net>,
	 Dominique Martinet <asmadeus@codewreck.org>,
	 Christian Schoenebeck <linux_oss@crudebyte.com>,
	 David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>,
	Marc Dionne <marc.dionne@auristor.com>,
	 Xiubo Li <xiubli@redhat.com>, Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>,
	 Alexander Aring <aahringo@redhat.com>,
	David Teigland <teigland@redhat.com>,
	 Andreas Gruenbacher <agruenba@redhat.com>,
	Neil Brown <neilb@suse.de>,  Olga Kornievskaia <kolga@netapp.com>,
	Dai Ngo <Dai.Ngo@oracle.com>,  Tom Talpey <tom@talpey.com>,
	 Trond Myklebust <trond.myklebust@hammerspace.com>,
	 Anna Schumaker <anna@kernel.org>, Mark Fasheh <mark@fasheh.com>,
	 Joel Becker <jlbec@evilplan.org>,
	Joseph Qi <joseph.qi@linux.alibaba.com>,
	 Steve French <sfrench@samba.org>,
	Paulo Alcantara <pc@manguebit.com>,
	 Ronnie Sahlberg <ronniesahlberg@gmail.com>,
	 Shyam Prasad N <sprasad@microsoft.com>,
	Namjae Jeon <linkinjeon@kernel.org>,
	 Sergey Senozhatsky <senozhatsky@chromium.org>,
	 Miklos Szeredi <miklos@szeredi.hu>
Cc: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org, linux-trace-kernel@vger.kernel.org,
	 linux-fsdevel@vger.kernel.org, v9fs@lists.linux.dev,
	 linux-afs@lists.infradead.org, ceph-devel@vger.kernel.org,
	 gfs2@lists.linux.dev, linux-nfs@vger.kernel.org,
	 ocfs2-devel@lists.linux.dev, linux-cifs@vger.kernel.org,
	 Jeff Layton <jlayton@kernel.org>
Subject: [PATCH v3 25/47] filelock: convert __locks_insert_block, conflict and deadlock checks to use file_lock_core
Date: Wed, 31 Jan 2024 18:02:06 -0500	[thread overview]
Message-ID: <20240131-flsplit-v3-25-c6129007ee8d@kernel.org> (raw)
In-Reply-To: <20240131-flsplit-v3-0-c6129007ee8d@kernel.org>

Have both __locks_insert_block and the deadlock and conflict checking
functions take a struct file_lock_core pointer instead of a struct
file_lock one. Also, change posix_locks_deadlock to return bool.

Signed-off-by: Jeff Layton <jlayton@kernel.org>
---
 fs/locks.c | 132 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++----------------------------
 1 file changed, 72 insertions(+), 60 deletions(-)

diff --git a/fs/locks.c b/fs/locks.c
index 1e8b943bd7f9..0dc1c9da858c 100644
--- a/fs/locks.c
+++ b/fs/locks.c
@@ -757,39 +757,41 @@ EXPORT_SYMBOL(locks_delete_block);
  * waiters, and add beneath any waiter that blocks the new waiter.
  * Thus wakeups don't happen until needed.
  */
-static void __locks_insert_block(struct file_lock *blocker,
-				 struct file_lock *waiter,
-				 bool conflict(struct file_lock *,
-					       struct file_lock *))
+static void __locks_insert_block(struct file_lock *blocker_fl,
+				 struct file_lock *waiter_fl,
+				 bool conflict(struct file_lock_core *,
+					       struct file_lock_core *))
 {
-	struct file_lock *fl;
-	BUG_ON(!list_empty(&waiter->c.flc_blocked_member));
+	struct file_lock_core *blocker = &blocker_fl->c;
+	struct file_lock_core *waiter = &waiter_fl->c;
+	struct file_lock_core *flc;
 
+	BUG_ON(!list_empty(&waiter->flc_blocked_member));
 new_blocker:
-	list_for_each_entry(fl, &blocker->c.flc_blocked_requests,
-			    c.flc_blocked_member)
-		if (conflict(fl, waiter)) {
-			blocker =  fl;
+	list_for_each_entry(flc, &blocker->flc_blocked_requests, flc_blocked_member)
+		if (conflict(flc, waiter)) {
+			blocker =  flc;
 			goto new_blocker;
 		}
-	waiter->c.flc_blocker = blocker;
-	list_add_tail(&waiter->c.flc_blocked_member,
-		      &blocker->c.flc_blocked_requests);
-	if ((blocker->c.flc_flags & (FL_POSIX|FL_OFDLCK)) == FL_POSIX)
-		locks_insert_global_blocked(&waiter->c);
+	waiter->flc_blocker = file_lock(blocker);
+	list_add_tail(&waiter->flc_blocked_member,
+		      &blocker->flc_blocked_requests);
 
-	/* The requests in waiter->fl_blocked are known to conflict with
+	if ((blocker->flc_flags & (FL_POSIX|FL_OFDLCK)) == (FL_POSIX|FL_OFDLCK))
+		locks_insert_global_blocked(waiter);
+
+	/* The requests in waiter->flc_blocked are known to conflict with
 	 * waiter, but might not conflict with blocker, or the requests
 	 * and lock which block it.  So they all need to be woken.
 	 */
-	__locks_wake_up_blocks(&waiter->c);
+	__locks_wake_up_blocks(waiter);
 }
 
 /* Must be called with flc_lock held. */
 static void locks_insert_block(struct file_lock *blocker,
 			       struct file_lock *waiter,
-			       bool conflict(struct file_lock *,
-					     struct file_lock *))
+			       bool conflict(struct file_lock_core *,
+					     struct file_lock_core *))
 {
 	spin_lock(&blocked_lock_lock);
 	__locks_insert_block(blocker, waiter, conflict);
@@ -846,12 +848,12 @@ locks_delete_lock_ctx(struct file_lock *fl, struct list_head *dispose)
 /* Determine if lock sys_fl blocks lock caller_fl. Common functionality
  * checks for shared/exclusive status of overlapping locks.
  */
-static bool locks_conflict(struct file_lock *caller_fl,
-			   struct file_lock *sys_fl)
+static bool locks_conflict(struct file_lock_core *caller_flc,
+			   struct file_lock_core *sys_flc)
 {
-	if (lock_is_write(sys_fl))
+	if (sys_flc->flc_type == F_WRLCK)
 		return true;
-	if (lock_is_write(caller_fl))
+	if (caller_flc->flc_type == F_WRLCK)
 		return true;
 	return false;
 }
@@ -859,20 +861,23 @@ static bool locks_conflict(struct file_lock *caller_fl,
 /* Determine if lock sys_fl blocks lock caller_fl. POSIX specific
  * checking before calling the locks_conflict().
  */
-static bool posix_locks_conflict(struct file_lock *caller_fl,
-				 struct file_lock *sys_fl)
+static bool posix_locks_conflict(struct file_lock_core *caller_flc,
+				 struct file_lock_core *sys_flc)
 {
+	struct file_lock *caller_fl = file_lock(caller_flc);
+	struct file_lock *sys_fl = file_lock(sys_flc);
+
 	/* POSIX locks owned by the same process do not conflict with
 	 * each other.
 	 */
-	if (posix_same_owner(&caller_fl->c, &sys_fl->c))
+	if (posix_same_owner(caller_flc, sys_flc))
 		return false;
 
 	/* Check whether they overlap */
 	if (!locks_overlap(caller_fl, sys_fl))
 		return false;
 
-	return locks_conflict(caller_fl, sys_fl);
+	return locks_conflict(caller_flc, sys_flc);
 }
 
 /* Determine if lock sys_fl blocks lock caller_fl. Used on xx_GETLK
@@ -881,28 +886,31 @@ static bool posix_locks_conflict(struct file_lock *caller_fl,
 static bool posix_test_locks_conflict(struct file_lock *caller_fl,
 				      struct file_lock *sys_fl)
 {
+	struct file_lock_core *caller = &caller_fl->c;
+	struct file_lock_core *sys = &sys_fl->c;
+
 	/* F_UNLCK checks any locks on the same fd. */
 	if (lock_is_unlock(caller_fl)) {
-		if (!posix_same_owner(&caller_fl->c, &sys_fl->c))
+		if (!posix_same_owner(caller, sys))
 			return false;
 		return locks_overlap(caller_fl, sys_fl);
 	}
-	return posix_locks_conflict(caller_fl, sys_fl);
+	return posix_locks_conflict(caller, sys);
 }
 
 /* Determine if lock sys_fl blocks lock caller_fl. FLOCK specific
  * checking before calling the locks_conflict().
  */
-static bool flock_locks_conflict(struct file_lock *caller_fl,
-				 struct file_lock *sys_fl)
+static bool flock_locks_conflict(struct file_lock_core *caller_flc,
+				 struct file_lock_core *sys_flc)
 {
 	/* FLOCK locks referring to the same filp do not conflict with
 	 * each other.
 	 */
-	if (caller_fl->c.flc_file == sys_fl->c.flc_file)
+	if (caller_flc->flc_file == sys_flc->flc_file)
 		return false;
 
-	return locks_conflict(caller_fl, sys_fl);
+	return locks_conflict(caller_flc, sys_flc);
 }
 
 void
@@ -980,25 +988,27 @@ EXPORT_SYMBOL(posix_test_lock);
 
 #define MAX_DEADLK_ITERATIONS 10
 
-/* Find a lock that the owner of the given block_fl is blocking on. */
-static struct file_lock *what_owner_is_waiting_for(struct file_lock *block_fl)
+/* Find a lock that the owner of the given @blocker is blocking on. */
+static struct file_lock_core *what_owner_is_waiting_for(struct file_lock_core *blocker)
 {
-	struct file_lock *fl;
+	struct file_lock_core *flc;
 
-	hash_for_each_possible(blocked_hash, fl, c.flc_link, posix_owner_key(&block_fl->c)) {
-		if (posix_same_owner(&fl->c, &block_fl->c)) {
-			while (fl->c.flc_blocker)
-				fl = fl->c.flc_blocker;
-			return fl;
+	hash_for_each_possible(blocked_hash, flc, flc_link, posix_owner_key(blocker)) {
+		if (posix_same_owner(flc, blocker)) {
+			while (flc->flc_blocker)
+				flc = &flc->flc_blocker->c;
+			return flc;
 		}
 	}
 	return NULL;
 }
 
 /* Must be called with the blocked_lock_lock held! */
-static int posix_locks_deadlock(struct file_lock *caller_fl,
-				struct file_lock *block_fl)
+static bool posix_locks_deadlock(struct file_lock *caller_fl,
+				 struct file_lock *block_fl)
 {
+	struct file_lock_core *caller = &caller_fl->c;
+	struct file_lock_core *blocker = &block_fl->c;
 	int i = 0;
 
 	lockdep_assert_held(&blocked_lock_lock);
@@ -1007,16 +1017,16 @@ static int posix_locks_deadlock(struct file_lock *caller_fl,
 	 * This deadlock detector can't reasonably detect deadlocks with
 	 * FL_OFDLCK locks, since they aren't owned by a process, per-se.
 	 */
-	if (caller_fl->c.flc_flags & FL_OFDLCK)
-		return 0;
+	if (caller->flc_flags & FL_OFDLCK)
+		return false;
 
-	while ((block_fl = what_owner_is_waiting_for(block_fl))) {
+	while ((blocker = what_owner_is_waiting_for(blocker))) {
 		if (i++ > MAX_DEADLK_ITERATIONS)
-			return 0;
-		if (posix_same_owner(&caller_fl->c, &block_fl->c))
-			return 1;
+			return false;
+		if (posix_same_owner(caller, blocker))
+			return true;
 	}
-	return 0;
+	return false;
 }
 
 /* Try to create a FLOCK lock on filp. We always insert new FLOCK locks
@@ -1071,7 +1081,7 @@ static int flock_lock_inode(struct inode *inode, struct file_lock *request)
 
 find_conflict:
 	list_for_each_entry(fl, &ctx->flc_flock, c.flc_list) {
-		if (!flock_locks_conflict(request, fl))
+		if (!flock_locks_conflict(&request->c, &fl->c))
 			continue;
 		error = -EAGAIN;
 		if (!(request->c.flc_flags & FL_SLEEP))
@@ -1140,7 +1150,7 @@ static int posix_lock_inode(struct inode *inode, struct file_lock *request,
 	 */
 	if (request->c.flc_type != F_UNLCK) {
 		list_for_each_entry(fl, &ctx->flc_posix, c.flc_list) {
-			if (!posix_locks_conflict(request, fl))
+			if (!posix_locks_conflict(&request->c, &fl->c))
 				continue;
 			if (fl->fl_lmops && fl->fl_lmops->lm_lock_expirable
 				&& (*fl->fl_lmops->lm_lock_expirable)(fl)) {
@@ -1442,23 +1452,25 @@ static void time_out_leases(struct inode *inode, struct list_head *dispose)
 	}
 }
 
-static bool leases_conflict(struct file_lock *lease, struct file_lock *breaker)
+static bool leases_conflict(struct file_lock_core *lc, struct file_lock_core *bc)
 {
 	bool rc;
+	struct file_lock *lease = file_lock(lc);
+	struct file_lock *breaker = file_lock(bc);
 
 	if (lease->fl_lmops->lm_breaker_owns_lease
 			&& lease->fl_lmops->lm_breaker_owns_lease(lease))
 		return false;
-	if ((breaker->c.flc_flags & FL_LAYOUT) != (lease->c.flc_flags & FL_LAYOUT)) {
+	if ((bc->flc_flags & FL_LAYOUT) != (lc->flc_flags & FL_LAYOUT)) {
 		rc = false;
 		goto trace;
 	}
-	if ((breaker->c.flc_flags & FL_DELEG) && (lease->c.flc_flags & FL_LEASE)) {
+	if ((bc->flc_flags & FL_DELEG) && (lc->flc_flags & FL_LEASE)) {
 		rc = false;
 		goto trace;
 	}
 
-	rc = locks_conflict(breaker, lease);
+	rc = locks_conflict(bc, lc);
 trace:
 	trace_leases_conflict(rc, lease, breaker);
 	return rc;
@@ -1468,12 +1480,12 @@ static bool
 any_leases_conflict(struct inode *inode, struct file_lock *breaker)
 {
 	struct file_lock_context *ctx = inode->i_flctx;
-	struct file_lock *fl;
+	struct file_lock_core *flc;
 
 	lockdep_assert_held(&ctx->flc_lock);
 
-	list_for_each_entry(fl, &ctx->flc_lease, c.flc_list) {
-		if (leases_conflict(fl, breaker))
+	list_for_each_entry(flc, &ctx->flc_lease, flc_list) {
+		if (leases_conflict(flc, &breaker->c))
 			return true;
 	}
 	return false;
@@ -1529,7 +1541,7 @@ int __break_lease(struct inode *inode, unsigned int mode, unsigned int type)
 	}
 
 	list_for_each_entry_safe(fl, tmp, &ctx->flc_lease, c.flc_list) {
-		if (!leases_conflict(fl, new_fl))
+		if (!leases_conflict(&fl->c, &new_fl->c))
 			continue;
 		if (want_write) {
 			if (fl->c.flc_flags & FL_UNLOCK_PENDING)

-- 
2.43.0


  parent reply	other threads:[~2024-01-31 23:03 UTC|newest]

Thread overview: 57+ messages / expand[flat|nested]  mbox.gz  Atom feed  top
2024-01-31 23:01 [PATCH v3 00/47] filelock: split file leases out of struct file_lock Jeff Layton
2024-01-31 23:01 ` [PATCH v3 01/47] filelock: fl_pid field should be signed int Jeff Layton
2024-01-31 23:01 ` [PATCH v3 02/47] filelock: rename some fields in tracepoints Jeff Layton
2024-01-31 23:01 ` [PATCH v3 03/47] filelock: rename fl_pid variable in lock_get_status Jeff Layton
2024-01-31 23:01 ` [PATCH v3 04/47] filelock: add some new helper functions Jeff Layton
2024-02-05 11:36   ` Christian Brauner
2024-02-05 11:55     ` Jeff Layton
2024-02-05 11:57       ` Christian Brauner
2024-02-05 12:06         ` Jeff Layton
2024-02-05 12:19           ` Christian Brauner
2024-01-31 23:01 ` [PATCH v3 05/47] 9p: rename fl_type variable in v9fs_file_do_lock Jeff Layton
2024-01-31 23:01 ` [PATCH v3 06/47] afs: convert to using new filelock helpers Jeff Layton
2024-01-31 23:01 ` [PATCH v3 07/47] ceph: " Jeff Layton
2024-01-31 23:01 ` [PATCH v3 08/47] dlm: " Jeff Layton
2024-01-31 23:01 ` [PATCH v3 09/47] gfs2: " Jeff Layton
2024-01-31 23:01 ` [PATCH v3 10/47] lockd: " Jeff Layton
2024-01-31 23:01 ` [PATCH v3 11/47] nfs: " Jeff Layton
2024-01-31 23:01 ` [PATCH v3 12/47] nfsd: " Jeff Layton
2024-01-31 23:01 ` [PATCH v3 13/47] ocfs2: " Jeff Layton
2024-01-31 23:01 ` [PATCH v3 14/47] smb/client: " Jeff Layton
2024-01-31 23:01 ` [PATCH v3 15/47] smb/server: " Jeff Layton
2024-01-31 23:01 ` [PATCH v3 16/47] filelock: drop the IS_* macros Jeff Layton
2024-01-31 23:01 ` [PATCH v3 17/47] filelock: split common fields into struct file_lock_core Jeff Layton
2024-01-31 23:01 ` [PATCH v3 18/47] filelock: have fs/locks.c deal with file_lock_core directly Jeff Layton
2024-01-31 23:02 ` [PATCH v3 19/47] filelock: convert more internal functions to use file_lock_core Jeff Layton
2024-01-31 23:02 ` [PATCH v3 20/47] filelock: make posix_same_owner take file_lock_core pointers Jeff Layton
2024-01-31 23:02 ` [PATCH v3 21/47] filelock: convert posix_owner_key to take file_lock_core arg Jeff Layton
2024-01-31 23:02 ` [PATCH v3 22/47] filelock: make locks_{insert,delete}_global_locks " Jeff Layton
2024-01-31 23:02 ` [PATCH v3 23/47] filelock: convert locks_{insert,delete}_global_blocked Jeff Layton
2024-01-31 23:02 ` [PATCH v3 24/47] filelock: make __locks_delete_block and __locks_wake_up_blocks take file_lock_core Jeff Layton
2024-01-31 23:02 ` Jeff Layton [this message]
2024-02-18 12:16   ` [PATCH v3 25/47] filelock: convert __locks_insert_block, conflict and deadlock checks to use file_lock_core Jeff Layton
2024-01-31 23:02 ` [PATCH v3 26/47] filelock: convert fl_blocker to file_lock_core Jeff Layton
2024-01-31 23:02 ` [PATCH v3 27/47] filelock: clean up locks_delete_block internals Jeff Layton
2024-01-31 23:02 ` [PATCH v3 28/47] filelock: reorganize locks_delete_block and __locks_insert_block Jeff Layton
2024-01-31 23:02 ` [PATCH v3 29/47] filelock: make assign_type helper take a file_lock_core pointer Jeff Layton
2024-01-31 23:02 ` [PATCH v3 30/47] filelock: convert locks_wake_up_blocks to " Jeff Layton
2024-01-31 23:02 ` [PATCH v3 31/47] filelock: convert locks_insert_lock_ctx and locks_delete_lock_ctx Jeff Layton
2024-01-31 23:02 ` [PATCH v3 32/47] filelock: convert locks_translate_pid to take file_lock_core Jeff Layton
2024-01-31 23:02 ` [PATCH v3 33/47] filelock: convert seqfile handling to use file_lock_core Jeff Layton
2024-01-31 23:02 ` [PATCH v3 34/47] 9p: adapt to breakup of struct file_lock Jeff Layton
2024-02-01 22:40   ` NeilBrown
2024-01-31 23:02 ` [PATCH v3 35/47] afs: " Jeff Layton
2024-01-31 23:02 ` [PATCH v3 36/47] ceph: " Jeff Layton
2024-01-31 23:02 ` [PATCH v3 37/47] dlm: " Jeff Layton
2024-01-31 23:02 ` [PATCH v3 38/47] gfs2: " Jeff Layton
2024-01-31 23:02 ` [PATCH v3 39/47] fuse: " Jeff Layton
2024-01-31 23:02 ` [PATCH v3 40/47] lockd: " Jeff Layton
2024-01-31 23:02 ` [PATCH v3 41/47] nfs: " Jeff Layton
2024-01-31 23:02 ` [PATCH v3 42/47] nfsd: " Jeff Layton
2024-01-31 23:02 ` [PATCH v3 43/47] ocfs2: " Jeff Layton
2024-01-31 23:02 ` [PATCH v3 44/47] smb/client: " Jeff Layton
2024-01-31 23:02 ` [PATCH v3 45/47] smb/server: " Jeff Layton
2024-01-31 23:02 ` [PATCH v3 46/47] filelock: remove temporary compatibility macros Jeff Layton
2024-01-31 23:02 ` [PATCH v3 47/47] filelock: split leases out of struct file_lock Jeff Layton
2024-02-01 22:49 ` [PATCH v3 00/47] filelock: split file " NeilBrown
2024-02-02 11:16 ` Christian Brauner

Reply instructions:

You may reply publicly to this message via plain-text email
using any one of the following methods:

* Save the following mbox file, import it into your mail client,
  and reply-to-all from there: mbox

  Avoid top-posting and favor interleaved quoting:
  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Posting_style#Interleaved_style

* Reply using the --to, --cc, and --in-reply-to
  switches of git-send-email(1):

  git send-email \
    --in-reply-to=20240131-flsplit-v3-25-c6129007ee8d@kernel.org \
    --to=jlayton@kernel.org \
    --cc=Dai.Ngo@oracle.com \
    --cc=aahringo@redhat.com \
    --cc=agruenba@redhat.com \
    --cc=anna@kernel.org \
    --cc=asmadeus@codewreck.org \
    --cc=brauner@kernel.org \
    --cc=ceph-devel@vger.kernel.org \
    --cc=chuck.lever@oracle.com \
    --cc=dhowells@redhat.com \
    --cc=ericvh@kernel.org \
    --cc=gfs2@lists.linux.dev \
    --cc=idryomov@gmail.com \
    --cc=jack@suse.cz \
    --cc=jlbec@evilplan.org \
    --cc=joseph.qi@linux.alibaba.com \
    --cc=kolga@netapp.com \
    --cc=linkinjeon@kernel.org \
    --cc=linux-afs@lists.infradead.org \
    --cc=linux-cifs@vger.kernel.org \
    --cc=linux-fsdevel@vger.kernel.org \
    --cc=linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org \
    --cc=linux-nfs@vger.kernel.org \
    --cc=linux-trace-kernel@vger.kernel.org \
    --cc=linux_oss@crudebyte.com \
    --cc=lucho@ionkov.net \
    --cc=marc.dionne@auristor.com \
    --cc=mark@fasheh.com \
    --cc=mathieu.desnoyers@efficios.com \
    --cc=mhiramat@kernel.org \
    --cc=miklos@szeredi.hu \
    --cc=neilb@suse.de \
    --cc=ocfs2-devel@lists.linux.dev \
    --cc=pc@manguebit.com \
    --cc=ronniesahlberg@gmail.com \
    --cc=rostedt@goodmis.org \
    --cc=senozhatsky@chromium.org \
    --cc=sfrench@samba.org \
    --cc=sprasad@microsoft.com \
    --cc=teigland@redhat.com \
    --cc=tom@talpey.com \
    --cc=trond.myklebust@hammerspace.com \
    --cc=v9fs@lists.linux.dev \
    --cc=viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk \
    --cc=xiubli@redhat.com \
    /path/to/YOUR_REPLY

  https://kernel.org/pub/software/scm/git/docs/git-send-email.html

* If your mail client supports setting the In-Reply-To header
  via mailto: links, try the mailto: link
Be sure your reply has a Subject: header at the top and a blank line before the message body.
This is a public inbox, see mirroring instructions
for how to clone and mirror all data and code used for this inbox;
as well as URLs for NNTP newsgroup(s).