xen-devel.lists.xenproject.org archive mirror
 help / color / mirror / Atom feed
From: Stefano Stabellini <sstabellini@kernel.org>
To: Shannon Zhao <zhaoshenglong@huawei.com>
Cc: sstabellini@kernel.org, wei.liu2@citrix.com,
	ian.jackson@eu.citrix.com, peter.huangpeng@huawei.com,
	xen-devel@lists.xen.org, julien.grall@arm.com,
	shannon.zhao@linaro.org
Subject: Re: [PATCH RESEND 04/14] tools: add ACPI tables relevant definitions
Date: Mon, 6 Jun 2016 11:04:00 +0100 (BST)	[thread overview]
Message-ID: <alpine.DEB.2.10.1606061101340.6721@sstabellini-ThinkPad-X260> (raw)
In-Reply-To: <1464670986-10256-5-git-send-email-zhaoshenglong@huawei.com>

On Tue, 31 May 2016, Shannon Zhao wrote:
> From: Shannon Zhao <shannon.zhao@linaro.org>
> 
> Add ACPI tables relevant definitions for generating ACPI tables for ARM
> guest later. Currently RSDP, XSDT, GTDT, MADT, FADT and DSDT tables will
> be used.
> 
> Signed-off-by: Shannon Zhao <shannon.zhao@linaro.org>
> ---
>  tools/libxc/include/acpi_defs.h | 277 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
>  1 file changed, 277 insertions(+)
>  create mode 100644 tools/libxc/include/acpi_defs.h
> 
> diff --git a/tools/libxc/include/acpi_defs.h b/tools/libxc/include/acpi_defs.h
> new file mode 100644
> index 0000000..9389a96
> --- /dev/null
> +++ b/tools/libxc/include/acpi_defs.h
> @@ -0,0 +1,277 @@
> +#ifndef _ACPI_DEFS_H_
> +#define _ACPI_DEFS_H_
> +
> +#define ACPI_BUILD_APPNAME6 "XenARM"
> +#define ACPI_BUILD_APPNAME4 "Xen "

This header is actually ARM specific (also see the gic stuff below). It
is probably best to rename it to acpi_arm_defs.h.


> +#pragma pack (1)
> +
> +/* Root System Description Pointer Structure. */
> +struct acpi_rsdp_descriptor {        /* Root System Descriptor Pointer */
> +    uint64_t signature;              /* ACPI signature, contains "RSD PTR " */
> +    uint8_t  checksum;               /* To make sum of struct == 0 */
> +    uint8_t  oem_id[6];             /* OEM identification */
> +    uint8_t  revision;               /* Must be 0 for 1.0, 2 for 2.0 */
> +    uint32_t rsdt_physical_address;  /* 32-bit physical address of RSDT */
> +    uint32_t length;                 /* XSDT Length in bytes including hdr */
> +    uint64_t xsdt_physical_address;  /* 64-bit physical address of XSDT */
> +    uint8_t  extended_checksum;      /* Checksum of entire table */
> +    uint8_t  reserved[3];           /* Reserved field must be 0 */
> +};
> +
> +/* ACPI common table header. */
> +struct acpi_table_header {
> +    uint32_t signature;          /* ACPI signature (4 ASCII characters) */ \
> +    uint32_t length;                 /* Length of table, in bytes, including header */ \
> +    uint8_t  revision;               /* ACPI Specification minor version # */ \
> +    uint8_t  checksum;               /* To make sum of entire table == 0 */ \
> +    uint8_t  oem_id[6];             /* OEM identification */ \
> +    uint8_t  oem_table_id[8];       /* OEM table identification */ \
> +    uint32_t oem_revision;           /* OEM revision number */ \
> +    uint8_t  asl_compiler_id[4];    /* ASL compiler vendor ID */ \
> +    uint32_t asl_compiler_revision;  /* ASL compiler revision number */
> +};
> +
> +/* Extended System Description Table (XSDT). */
> +struct acpi_xsdt_descriptor {
> +    struct acpi_table_header header;
> +    uint64_t entry[0];
> +};
> +
> +/* Generic Timer Description Table (GTDT). */
> +#define ACPI_GTDT_INTERRUPT_MODE        0
> +#define ACPI_GTDT_INTERRUPT_POLARITY    1
> +#define ACPI_GTDT_ALWAYS_ON             2
> +
> +/* Triggering */
> +#define ACPI_LEVEL_SENSITIVE            ((uint8_t) 0x00)
> +#define ACPI_EDGE_SENSITIVE             ((uint8_t) 0x01)
> +
> +/* Polarity */
> +#define ACPI_ACTIVE_HIGH                ((uint8_t) 0x00)
> +#define ACPI_ACTIVE_LOW                 ((uint8_t) 0x01)
> +
> +struct acpi_gtdt_descriptor {
> +    struct acpi_table_header header;
> +    uint64_t counter_block_addresss;
> +    uint32_t reserved;
> +    uint32_t secure_el1_interrupt;
> +    uint32_t secure_el1_flags;
> +    uint32_t non_secure_el1_interrupt;
> +    uint32_t non_secure_el1_flags;
> +    uint32_t virtual_timer_interrupt;
> +    uint32_t virtual_timer_flags;
> +    uint32_t non_secure_el2_interrupt;
> +    uint32_t non_secure_el2_flags;
> +    uint64_t counter_read_block_address;
> +    uint32_t platform_timer_count;
> +    uint32_t platform_timer_offset;
> +};
> +
> +/* Multiple APIC Description Table header definition (MADT). */
> +struct acpi_madt_descriptor
> +{
> +    struct acpi_table_header header;     /* ACPI common table header */
> +    uint32_t local_apic_address;     /* Physical address of local APIC */
> +    uint32_t flags;
> +};
> +
> +/* Values for Type in APIC sub-headers. */
> +
> +#define ACPI_APIC_PROCESSOR          0
> +#define ACPI_APIC_IO                 1
> +#define ACPI_APIC_XRUPT_OVERRIDE     2
> +#define ACPI_APIC_NMI                3
> +#define ACPI_APIC_LOCAL_NMI          4
> +#define ACPI_APIC_ADDRESS_OVERRIDE   5
> +#define ACPI_APIC_IO_SAPIC           6
> +#define ACPI_APIC_LOCAL_SAPIC        7
> +#define ACPI_APIC_XRUPT_SOURCE       8
> +#define ACPI_APIC_LOCAL_X2APIC       9
> +#define ACPI_APIC_LOCAL_X2APIC_NMI      10
> +#define ACPI_APIC_GENERIC_INTERRUPT     11
> +#define ACPI_APIC_GENERIC_DISTRIBUTOR   12
> +#define ACPI_APIC_GENERIC_MSI_FRAME     13
> +#define ACPI_APIC_GENERIC_REDISTRIBUTOR 14
> +#define ACPI_APIC_RESERVED              15   /* 15 and greater are reserved */
> +
> +/*
> + * MADT sub-structures (Follow MULTIPLE_APIC_DESCRIPTION_TABLE).
> + */
> +#define ACPI_SUB_HEADER_DEF   /* Common ACPI sub-structure header */\
> +    uint8_t  type;                               \
> +    uint8_t  length;
> +
> +/* Sub-structures for MADT */
> +
> +struct acpi_madt_generic_interrupt {
> +    ACPI_SUB_HEADER_DEF
> +    uint16_t reserved;
> +    uint32_t cpu_interface_number;
> +    uint32_t uid;
> +    uint32_t flags;
> +    uint32_t parking_version;
> +    uint32_t performance_interrupt;
> +    uint64_t parked_address;
> +    uint64_t base_address;
> +    uint64_t gicv_base_address;
> +    uint64_t gich_base_address;
> +    uint32_t vgic_interrupt;
> +    uint64_t gicr_base_address;
> +    uint64_t arm_mpidr;
> +};
> +
> +struct acpi_madt_generic_distributor {
> +    ACPI_SUB_HEADER_DEF
> +    uint16_t reserved;
> +    uint32_t gic_id;
> +    uint64_t base_address;
> +    uint32_t global_irq_base;
> +    uint8_t version;
> +    uint8_t reserved2[3];
> +};
> +
> +struct acpi_madt_generic_msi_frame {
> +    ACPI_SUB_HEADER_DEF
> +    uint16_t reserved;
> +    uint32_t gic_msi_frame_id;
> +    uint64_t base_address;
> +    uint32_t flags;
> +    uint16_t spi_count;
> +    uint16_t spi_base;
> +};
> +
> +struct acpi_madt_generic_redistributor {
> +    ACPI_SUB_HEADER_DEF
> +    uint16_t reserved;
> +    uint64_t base_address;
> +    uint32_t range_length;
> +};
> +
> +enum {
> +    ACPI_FADT_F_WBINVD,
> +    ACPI_FADT_F_WBINVD_FLUSH,
> +    ACPI_FADT_F_PROC_C1,
> +    ACPI_FADT_F_P_LVL2_UP,
> +    ACPI_FADT_F_PWR_BUTTON,
> +    ACPI_FADT_F_SLP_BUTTON,
> +    ACPI_FADT_F_FIX_RTC,
> +    ACPI_FADT_F_RTC_S4,
> +    ACPI_FADT_F_TMR_VAL_EXT,
> +    ACPI_FADT_F_DCK_CAP,
> +    ACPI_FADT_F_RESET_REG_SUP,
> +    ACPI_FADT_F_SEALED_CASE,
> +    ACPI_FADT_F_HEADLESS,
> +    ACPI_FADT_F_CPU_SW_SLP,
> +    ACPI_FADT_F_PCI_EXP_WAK,
> +    ACPI_FADT_F_USE_PLATFORM_CLOCK,
> +    ACPI_FADT_F_S4_RTC_STS_VALID,
> +    ACPI_FADT_F_REMOTE_POWER_ON_CAPABLE,
> +    ACPI_FADT_F_FORCE_APIC_CLUSTER_MODEL,
> +    ACPI_FADT_F_FORCE_APIC_PHYSICAL_DESTINATION_MODE,
> +    ACPI_FADT_F_HW_REDUCED_ACPI,
> +    ACPI_FADT_F_LOW_POWER_S0_IDLE_CAPABLE,
> +};
> +
> +enum {
> +    ACPI_FADT_ARM_USE_PSCI_G_0_2 = 0,
> +    ACPI_FADT_ARM_PSCI_USE_HVC = 1,
> +};
> +
> +struct acpi_generic_address {
> +    uint8_t space_id;        /* Address space where struct or register exists */
> +    uint8_t bit_width;       /* Size in bits of given register */
> +    uint8_t bit_offset;      /* Bit offset within the register */
> +    uint8_t access_width;    /* Minimum Access size (ACPI 3.0) */
> +    uint64_t address;        /* 64-bit address of struct or register */
> +};
> +
> +struct acpi_fadt_descriptor {
> +    struct acpi_table_header header;    /* ACPI common table header */ \
> +    uint32_t firmware_ctrl;  /* Physical address of FACS */ \
> +    uint32_t dsdt;         /* Physical address of DSDT */ \
> +    uint8_t  model;        /* System Interrupt Model */ \
> +    uint8_t  reserved1;    /* Reserved */ \
> +    uint16_t sci_int;      /* System vector of SCI interrupt */ \
> +    uint32_t smi_cmd;      /* Port address of SMI command port */ \
> +    uint8_t  acpi_enable;  /* Value to write to smi_cmd to enable ACPI */ \
> +    uint8_t  acpi_disable; /* Value to write to smi_cmd to disable ACPI */ \
> +    /* Value to write to SMI CMD to enter S4BIOS state */ \
> +    uint8_t  S4bios_req; \
> +    uint8_t  reserved2;    /* Reserved - must be zero */ \
> +    /* Port address of Power Mgt 1a acpi_event Reg Blk */ \
> +    uint32_t pm1a_evt_blk; \
> +    /* Port address of Power Mgt 1b acpi_event Reg Blk */ \
> +    uint32_t pm1b_evt_blk; \
> +    uint32_t pm1a_cnt_blk; /* Port address of Power Mgt 1a Control Reg Blk */ \
> +    uint32_t pm1b_cnt_blk; /* Port address of Power Mgt 1b Control Reg Blk */ \
> +    uint32_t pm2_cnt_blk;  /* Port address of Power Mgt 2 Control Reg Blk */ \
> +    uint32_t pm_tmr_blk;   /* Port address of Power Mgt Timer Ctrl Reg Blk */ \
> +    /* Port addr of General Purpose acpi_event 0 Reg Blk */ \
> +    uint32_t gpe0_blk; \
> +    /* Port addr of General Purpose acpi_event 1 Reg Blk */ \
> +    uint32_t gpe1_blk; \
> +    uint8_t  pm1_evt_len;  /* Byte length of ports at pm1_x_evt_blk */ \
> +    uint8_t  pm1_cnt_len;  /* Byte length of ports at pm1_x_cnt_blk */ \
> +    uint8_t  pm2_cnt_len;  /* Byte Length of ports at pm2_cnt_blk */ \
> +    uint8_t  pm_tmr_len;   /* Byte Length of ports at pm_tm_blk */ \
> +    uint8_t  gpe0_blk_len; /* Byte Length of ports at gpe0_blk */ \
> +    uint8_t  gpe1_blk_len; /* Byte Length of ports at gpe1_blk */ \
> +    uint8_t  gpe1_base;    /* Offset in gpe model where gpe1 events start */ \
> +    uint8_t  reserved3;    /* Reserved */ \
> +    uint16_t plvl2_lat;    /* Worst case HW latency to enter/exit C2 state */ \
> +    uint16_t plvl3_lat;    /* Worst case HW latency to enter/exit C3 state */ \
> +    uint16_t flush_size;   /* Size of area read to flush caches */ \
> +    uint16_t flush_stride; /* Stride used in flushing caches */ \
> +    uint8_t  duty_offset;  /* Bit location of duty cycle field in p_cnt reg */ \
> +    uint8_t  duty_width;   /* Bit width of duty cycle field in p_cnt reg */ \
> +    uint8_t  day_alrm;     /* Index to day-of-month alarm in RTC CMOS RAM */ \
> +    uint8_t  mon_alrm;     /* Index to month-of-year alarm in RTC CMOS RAM */ \
> +    uint8_t  century;      /* Index to century in RTC CMOS RAM */
> +    /* IA-PC Boot Architecture Flags (see below for individual flags) */
> +    uint16_t boot_flags;
> +    uint8_t reserved;    /* Reserved, must be zero */
> +    /* Miscellaneous flag bits (see below for individual flags) */
> +    uint32_t flags;
> +    /* 64-bit address of the Reset register */
> +    struct acpi_generic_address reset_register;
> +    /* Value to write to the reset_register port to reset the system */
> +    uint8_t reset_value;
> +    /* ARM-Specific Boot Flags (see below for individual flags) (ACPI 5.1) */
> +    uint16_t arm_boot_flags;
> +    uint8_t minor_revision;  /* FADT Minor Revision (ACPI 5.1) */
> +    uint64_t Xfacs;          /* 64-bit physical address of FACS */
> +    uint64_t Xdsdt;          /* 64-bit physical address of DSDT */
> +    /* 64-bit Extended Power Mgt 1a Event Reg Blk address */
> +    struct acpi_generic_address xpm1a_event_block;
> +    /* 64-bit Extended Power Mgt 1b Event Reg Blk address */
> +    struct acpi_generic_address xpm1b_event_block;
> +    /* 64-bit Extended Power Mgt 1a Control Reg Blk address */
> +    struct acpi_generic_address xpm1a_control_block;
> +    /* 64-bit Extended Power Mgt 1b Control Reg Blk address */
> +    struct acpi_generic_address xpm1b_control_block;
> +    /* 64-bit Extended Power Mgt 2 Control Reg Blk address */
> +    struct acpi_generic_address xpm2_control_block;
> +    /* 64-bit Extended Power Mgt Timer Ctrl Reg Blk address */
> +    struct acpi_generic_address xpm_timer_block;
> +    /* 64-bit Extended General Purpose Event 0 Reg Blk address */
> +    struct acpi_generic_address xgpe0_block;
> +    /* 64-bit Extended General Purpose Event 1 Reg Blk address */
> +    struct acpi_generic_address xgpe1_block;
> +    /* 64-bit Sleep Control register (ACPI 5.0) */
> +    struct acpi_generic_address sleep_control;
> +    /* 64-bit Sleep Status register (ACPI 5.0) */
> +    struct acpi_generic_address sleep_status;
> +};
> +
> +#endif /* _ACPI_DEFS_H_ */
> +
> +/*
> + * Local variables:
> + * mode: C
> + * c-file-style: "BSD"
> + * c-basic-offset: 4
> + * tab-width: 4
> + * indent-tabs-mode: nil
> + * End:
> + */
> -- 
> 2.0.4
> 
> 

_______________________________________________
Xen-devel mailing list
Xen-devel@lists.xen.org
http://lists.xen.org/xen-devel

  reply	other threads:[~2016-06-06 10:04 UTC|newest]

Thread overview: 104+ messages / expand[flat|nested]  mbox.gz  Atom feed  top
2016-05-31  5:02 [PATCH RESEND 00/14] Xen ARM DomU ACPI support Shannon Zhao
2016-05-31  5:02 ` [PATCH RESEND 01/14] libxl/arm: Fix the function name in error log Shannon Zhao
2016-06-03 19:25   ` Wei Liu
2016-06-17 10:46     ` Wei Liu
2016-06-20  1:12       ` Shannon Zhao
2016-05-31  5:02 ` [PATCH RESEND 02/14] libxl/arm: Factor out codes for generating DTB Shannon Zhao
2016-06-03 19:25   ` Wei Liu
2016-05-31  5:02 ` [PATCH RESEND 03/14] libxc: Add placeholders for ACPI tables blob and size Shannon Zhao
2016-06-06 10:00   ` Stefano Stabellini
2016-06-06 12:16     ` Wei Liu
2016-06-06 14:20       ` Shannon Zhao
2016-06-07 11:05   ` Julien Grall
2016-06-07 11:13     ` Shannon Zhao
2016-06-07 11:27       ` Julien Grall
2016-06-07 11:35         ` Shannon Zhao
2016-06-07 11:42           ` Julien Grall
2016-06-07 11:59             ` Shannon Zhao
2016-06-07 12:06               ` Julien Grall
2016-06-07 12:32                 ` Shannon Zhao
2016-06-07 13:06                   ` Julien Grall
2016-06-16  6:53                     ` Shannon Zhao
2016-06-16 10:21                       ` Julien Grall
2016-06-16 10:45                         ` Shannon Zhao
2016-06-16 11:04                           ` Julien Grall
2016-06-16 10:49                   ` Wei Liu
2016-06-16 10:53                     ` Shannon Zhao
2016-06-16 11:04                       ` Wei Liu
2016-06-07 12:02             ` Julien Grall
2016-06-07 12:27               ` Shannon Zhao
2016-05-31  5:02 ` [PATCH RESEND 04/14] tools: add ACPI tables relevant definitions Shannon Zhao
2016-06-06 10:04   ` Stefano Stabellini [this message]
2016-06-06 10:11     ` Julien Grall
2016-06-06 10:27       ` Shannon Zhao
2016-06-06 12:16         ` Wei Liu
2016-06-06 14:19           ` Shannon Zhao
2016-06-22  3:24           ` Shannon Zhao
2016-06-22  8:35             ` Julien Grall
2016-06-22  8:50               ` Shannon Zhao
2016-06-22  8:55                 ` Julien Grall
2016-06-22  9:38             ` [PATCH RESEND 04/14] tools: add ACPI tables relevant definitions (and more) Wei Liu
2016-06-22 10:06               ` Shannon Zhao
2016-05-31  5:02 ` [PATCH RESEND 05/14] libxl/arm: Construct ACPI GTDT table Shannon Zhao
2016-06-06 11:40   ` Stefano Stabellini
2016-06-06 11:52     ` Julien Grall
2016-06-06 12:04       ` Stefano Stabellini
2016-06-06 14:31         ` Shannon Zhao
2016-06-06 14:50           ` Stefano Stabellini
2016-06-06 15:42             ` Julien Grall
2016-06-07  9:41               ` Stefano Stabellini
2016-06-06 15:35         ` Julien Grall
2016-06-07  9:48           ` Stefano Stabellini
2016-06-07 11:55             ` Wei Liu
2016-06-17  3:29     ` Shannon Zhao
2016-06-17  8:17       ` Julien Grall
2016-06-17  9:15         ` Stefano Stabellini
2016-06-17 13:27           ` Julien Grall
2016-06-06 12:18   ` Wei Liu
2016-06-07 11:02     ` Julien Grall
2016-06-07 11:19   ` Julien Grall
2016-06-07 11:30     ` Shannon Zhao
2016-06-07 11:36       ` Julien Grall
2016-06-07 11:39         ` Shannon Zhao
2016-06-07 11:43           ` Julien Grall
2016-05-31  5:02 ` [PATCH RESEND 06/14] libxl/arm: Construct ACPI FADT table Shannon Zhao
2016-06-07 13:17   ` Julien Grall
2016-06-07 14:13     ` Shannon Zhao
2016-06-07 14:14       ` Julien Grall
2016-05-31  5:02 ` [PATCH RESEND 07/14] libxl/arm: Construct ACPI DSDT table Shannon Zhao
2016-06-07 13:42   ` Julien Grall
2016-06-16  6:25     ` Shannon Zhao
2016-06-16  9:44       ` Julien Grall
2016-06-16 10:01         ` Stefano Stabellini
2016-05-31  5:03 ` [PATCH RESEND 08/14] libxl/arm: Construct ACPI MADT table Shannon Zhao
2016-06-07 13:40   ` Julien Grall
2016-05-31  5:03 ` [PATCH RESEND 09/14] libxl/arm: Construct ACPI XSDT table Shannon Zhao
2016-05-31  5:03 ` [PATCH RESEND 10/14] libxl/arm: Construct ACPI RSDP table Shannon Zhao
2016-05-31  5:03 ` [PATCH RESEND 11/14] libxl/arm: Initialize domain param HVM_PARAM_CALLBACK_IRQ Shannon Zhao
2016-05-31  5:03 ` [PATCH RESEND 12/14] libxl/arm: Add ACPI module Shannon Zhao
2016-06-07 13:47   ` Julien Grall
2016-05-31  5:03 ` [PATCH RESEND 13/14] libxl/arm: initialize memory information of ACPI blob Shannon Zhao
2016-06-06 11:40   ` Stefano Stabellini
2016-06-06 14:35     ` Shannon Zhao
2016-05-31  5:03 ` [PATCH RESEND 14/14] libxc/xc_dom_core: Copy ACPI tables to guest memory space Shannon Zhao
2016-05-31 10:47 ` [PATCH RESEND 00/14] Xen ARM DomU ACPI support Julien Grall
2016-05-31 14:19   ` Shannon Zhao
2016-06-03 19:24 ` Wei Liu
2016-06-03 20:02   ` Konrad Rzeszutek Wilk
2016-06-03 20:20     ` Boris Ostrovsky
2016-06-03 20:27       ` Wei Liu
2016-06-03 20:36         ` Boris Ostrovsky
2016-06-06 11:41 ` Stefano Stabellini
2016-06-06 12:26 ` Wei Liu
2016-06-06 15:37   ` Boris Ostrovsky
2016-06-06 16:50     ` Boris Ostrovsky
2016-06-07 10:54       ` Julien Grall
2016-06-07 14:24         ` Boris Ostrovsky
2016-06-06 15:48   ` Julien Grall
2016-06-07  1:07     ` Shannon Zhao
2016-06-07 11:00       ` Julien Grall
2016-06-16 11:20         ` Wei Liu
2016-06-16 13:25           ` Boris Ostrovsky
2016-06-17 10:14             ` Wei Liu
2016-06-17  2:03           ` Shannon Zhao
2016-06-17  8:18           ` Julien Grall

Reply instructions:

You may reply publicly to this message via plain-text email
using any one of the following methods:

* Save the following mbox file, import it into your mail client,
  and reply-to-all from there: mbox

  Avoid top-posting and favor interleaved quoting:
  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Posting_style#Interleaved_style

* Reply using the --to, --cc, and --in-reply-to
  switches of git-send-email(1):

  git send-email \
    --in-reply-to=alpine.DEB.2.10.1606061101340.6721@sstabellini-ThinkPad-X260 \
    --to=sstabellini@kernel.org \
    --cc=ian.jackson@eu.citrix.com \
    --cc=julien.grall@arm.com \
    --cc=peter.huangpeng@huawei.com \
    --cc=shannon.zhao@linaro.org \
    --cc=wei.liu2@citrix.com \
    --cc=xen-devel@lists.xen.org \
    --cc=zhaoshenglong@huawei.com \
    /path/to/YOUR_REPLY

  https://kernel.org/pub/software/scm/git/docs/git-send-email.html

* If your mail client supports setting the In-Reply-To header
  via mailto: links, try the mailto: link
Be sure your reply has a Subject: header at the top and a blank line before the message body.
This is a public inbox, see mirroring instructions
for how to clone and mirror all data and code used for this inbox;
as well as URLs for NNTP newsgroup(s).