[PATCH] UBI: allow atomic updates to sychronously erase old PEB

* [PATCH] UBI: allow atomic updates to sychronously erase old PEB
@ 2012-03-29 14:55 ` Joel Reardon
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 19+ messages in thread
From: Joel Reardon @ 2012-03-29 14:55 UTC (permalink / raw)
  To: Artem Bityutskiy; +Cc: linux-mtd, linux-fsdevel, linux-kernel

This is a proposal for adding an immediate mode for atomic updates of LEBs in
UBI. The idea is that, if the erase parameter is non-zero, then the old PEB will
be erase after the new PEB is written, but before the function returns. It
will not go into a work queue. This is for security-relevant situations where,
for instance, the user needs assurance that sensitive information on an
eraseblock is actually gone after the update.

The function schedule_erase always returns zero, because the actual error
during erasure is not known at the time. Now, if it is immediate, then it has
the ability to return an error if that fails. This would mean some functions
higher up (i.e., change_leb), will be able to return "old PEB is now bad"
messages, indicating that the secure erasure has failed.  I want to check now
that this would be okay, or should the old PEB fail be ignored, or handled in
some other way.

Signed-off-by: Joel Reardon <reardonj@inf.ethz.ch>
---
 drivers/mtd/ubi/eba.c   |   20 +++++++++++---------
 drivers/mtd/ubi/kapi.c  |    7 ++++---
 drivers/mtd/ubi/ubi.h   |    5 +++--
 drivers/mtd/ubi/upd.c   |    5 +++--
 drivers/mtd/ubi/wl.c    |   25 +++++++++++++++----------
 fs/ubifs/debug.c        |    4 ++--
 fs/ubifs/debug.h        |    2 +-
 fs/ubifs/io.c           |    6 +++---
 fs/ubifs/log.c          |    5 +++--
 fs/ubifs/lpt.c          |   10 +++++-----
 fs/ubifs/orphan.c       |    2 +-
 fs/ubifs/recovery.c     |   12 ++++++------
 fs/ubifs/sb.c           |    4 ++--
 fs/ubifs/tnc_commit.c   |    2 +-
 fs/ubifs/ubifs.h        |    2 +-
 include/linux/mtd/ubi.h |    6 +++---
 16 files changed, 64 insertions(+), 53 deletions(-)

diff --git a/drivers/mtd/ubi/eba.c b/drivers/mtd/ubi/eba.c
index cd26da8..6e44cfe 100644
--- a/drivers/mtd/ubi/eba.c
+++ b/drivers/mtd/ubi/eba.c
@@ -341,7 +341,7 @@ int ubi_eba_unmap_leb(struct ubi_device *ubi, struct ubi_volume *vol,
 	dbg_eba("erase LEB %d:%d, PEB %d", vol_id, lnum, pnum);

 	vol->eba_tbl[lnum] = UBI_LEB_UNMAPPED;
-	err = ubi_wl_put_peb(ubi, pnum, 0);
+	err = ubi_wl_put_peb(ubi, pnum, 0, 0);

 out_unlock:
 	leb_write_unlock(ubi, vol_id, lnum);
@@ -550,7 +550,7 @@ retry:
 	ubi_free_vid_hdr(ubi, vid_hdr);

 	vol->eba_tbl[lnum] = new_pnum;
-	ubi_wl_put_peb(ubi, pnum, 1);
+	ubi_wl_put_peb(ubi, pnum, 1, 0);

 	ubi_msg("data was successfully recovered");
 	return 0;
@@ -558,7 +558,7 @@ retry:
 out_unlock:
 	mutex_unlock(&ubi->buf_mutex);
 out_put:
-	ubi_wl_put_peb(ubi, new_pnum, 1);
+	ubi_wl_put_peb(ubi, new_pnum, 1, 0);
 	ubi_free_vid_hdr(ubi, vid_hdr);
 	return err;

@@ -568,7 +568,7 @@ write_error:
 	 * get another one.
 	 */
 	ubi_warn("failed to write to PEB %d", new_pnum);
-	ubi_wl_put_peb(ubi, new_pnum, 1);
+	ubi_wl_put_peb(ubi, new_pnum, 1, 0);
 	if (++tries > UBI_IO_RETRIES) {
 		ubi_free_vid_hdr(ubi, vid_hdr);
 		return err;
@@ -687,7 +687,7 @@ write_error:
 	 * eraseblock, so just put it and request a new one. We assume that if
 	 * this physical eraseblock went bad, the erase code will handle that.
 	 */
-	err = ubi_wl_put_peb(ubi, pnum, 1);
+	err = ubi_wl_put_peb(ubi, pnum, 1, 0);
 	if (err || ++tries > UBI_IO_RETRIES) {
 		ubi_ro_mode(ubi);
 		leb_write_unlock(ubi, vol_id, lnum);
@@ -807,7 +807,7 @@ write_error:
 		return err;
 	}

-	err = ubi_wl_put_peb(ubi, pnum, 1);
+	err = ubi_wl_put_peb(ubi, pnum, 1, 0);
 	if (err || ++tries > UBI_IO_RETRIES) {
 		ubi_ro_mode(ubi);
 		leb_write_unlock(ubi, vol_id, lnum);
@@ -828,6 +828,7 @@ write_error:
  * @buf: data to write
  * @len: how many bytes to write
  * @dtype: data type
+ * @erase: if this physical eraseblock should be syncronously erased
  *
  * This function changes the contents of a logical eraseblock atomically. @buf
  * has to contain new logical eraseblock data, and @len - the length of the
@@ -839,7 +840,8 @@ write_error:
  * LEB change may be done at a time. This is ensured by @ubi->alc_mutex.
  */
 int ubi_eba_atomic_leb_change(struct ubi_device *ubi, struct ubi_volume *vol,
-			      int lnum, const void *buf, int len, int dtype)
+			      int lnum, const void *buf, int len, int dtype,
+			      int erase)
 {
 	int err, pnum, tries = 0, vol_id = vol->vol_id;
 	struct ubi_vid_hdr *vid_hdr;
@@ -905,7 +907,7 @@ retry:
 	}

 	if (vol->eba_tbl[lnum] >= 0) {
-		err = ubi_wl_put_peb(ubi, vol->eba_tbl[lnum], 0);
+		err = ubi_wl_put_peb(ubi, vol->eba_tbl[lnum], 0, erase);
 		if (err)
 			goto out_leb_unlock;
 	}
@@ -930,7 +932,7 @@ write_error:
 		goto out_leb_unlock;
 	}

-	err = ubi_wl_put_peb(ubi, pnum, 1);
+	err = ubi_wl_put_peb(ubi, pnum, 1, erase);
 	if (err || ++tries > UBI_IO_RETRIES) {
 		ubi_ro_mode(ubi);
 		goto out_leb_unlock;
diff --git a/drivers/mtd/ubi/kapi.c b/drivers/mtd/ubi/kapi.c
index 9fdb353..7be2044 100644
--- a/drivers/mtd/ubi/kapi.c
+++ b/drivers/mtd/ubi/kapi.c
@@ -487,6 +487,7 @@ EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(ubi_leb_write);
  * @buf: data to write
  * @len: how many bytes to write
  * @dtype: expected data type
+ * @erase: if non-zero then blocks until old block is erased
  *
  * This function changes the contents of a logical eraseblock atomically. @buf
  * has to contain new logical eraseblock data, and @len - the length of the
@@ -497,7 +498,7 @@ EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(ubi_leb_write);
  * code in case of failure.
  */
 int ubi_leb_change(struct ubi_volume_desc *desc, int lnum, const void *buf,
-		   int len, int dtype)
+		   int len, int dtype, int erase)
 {
 	struct ubi_volume *vol = desc->vol;
 	struct ubi_device *ubi = vol->ubi;
@@ -524,8 +525,8 @@ int ubi_leb_change(struct ubi_volume_desc *desc, int lnum, const void *buf,

 	if (len == 0)
 		return 0;
-
-	return ubi_eba_atomic_leb_change(ubi, vol, lnum, buf, len, dtype);
+	return ubi_eba_atomic_leb_change(ubi, vol, lnum, buf,
+					 len, dtype, erase);
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(ubi_leb_change);

diff --git a/drivers/mtd/ubi/ubi.h b/drivers/mtd/ubi/ubi.h
index d51d75d..cbe9082 100644
--- a/drivers/mtd/ubi/ubi.h
+++ b/drivers/mtd/ubi/ubi.h
@@ -532,14 +532,15 @@ int ubi_eba_write_leb_st(struct ubi_device *ubi, struct ubi_volume *vol,
 			 int lnum, const void *buf, int len, int dtype,
 			 int used_ebs);
 int ubi_eba_atomic_leb_change(struct ubi_device *ubi, struct ubi_volume *vol,
-			      int lnum, const void *buf, int len, int dtype);
+			      int lnum, const void *buf, int len, int dtype,
+			      int erase);
 int ubi_eba_copy_leb(struct ubi_device *ubi, int from, int to,
 		     struct ubi_vid_hdr *vid_hdr);
 int ubi_eba_init_scan(struct ubi_device *ubi, struct ubi_scan_info *si);

 /* wl.c */
 int ubi_wl_get_peb(struct ubi_device *ubi, int dtype);
-int ubi_wl_put_peb(struct ubi_device *ubi, int pnum, int torture);
+int ubi_wl_put_peb(struct ubi_device *ubi, int pnum, int torture, int erase);
 int ubi_wl_flush(struct ubi_device *ubi);
 int ubi_wl_scrub_peb(struct ubi_device *ubi, int pnum);
 int ubi_wl_init_scan(struct ubi_device *ubi, struct ubi_scan_info *si);
diff --git a/drivers/mtd/ubi/upd.c b/drivers/mtd/ubi/upd.c
index 425bf5a..7584aed 100644
--- a/drivers/mtd/ubi/upd.c
+++ b/drivers/mtd/ubi/upd.c
@@ -187,7 +187,7 @@ int ubi_start_leb_change(struct ubi_device *ubi, struct ubi_volume *vol,
 		vol->vol_id, req->lnum, req->bytes);
 	if (req->bytes == 0)
 		return ubi_eba_atomic_leb_change(ubi, vol, req->lnum, NULL, 0,
-						 req->dtype);
+						 req->dtype, 0);

 	vol->upd_bytes = req->bytes;
 	vol->upd_received = 0;
@@ -421,7 +421,8 @@ int ubi_more_leb_change_data(struct ubi_device *ubi, struct ubi_volume *vol,
 		       len - vol->upd_bytes);
 		len = ubi_calc_data_len(ubi, vol->upd_buf, len);
 		err = ubi_eba_atomic_leb_change(ubi, vol, vol->ch_lnum,
-						vol->upd_buf, len, UBI_UNKNOWN);
+						vol->upd_buf, len,
+						UBI_UNKNOWN, 0);
 		if (err)
 			return err;
 	}
diff --git a/drivers/mtd/ubi/wl.c b/drivers/mtd/ubi/wl.c
index 0696e36..fa973f6 100644
--- a/drivers/mtd/ubi/wl.c
+++ b/drivers/mtd/ubi/wl.c
@@ -469,7 +469,6 @@ retry:
 		ubi_err("new PEB %d does not contain all 0xFF bytes", e->pnum);
 		return err;
 	}
-
 	return e->pnum;
 }

@@ -629,12 +628,13 @@ static int erase_worker(struct ubi_device *ubi, struct ubi_work *wl_wrk,
  * @ubi: UBI device description object
  * @e: the WL entry of the physical eraseblock to erase
  * @torture: if the physical eraseblock has to be tortured
+ * @blocking: schedule the work immediately and return after completion
  *
  * This function returns zero in case of success and a %-ENOMEM in case of
  * failure.
  */
 static int schedule_erase(struct ubi_device *ubi, struct ubi_wl_entry *e,
-			  int torture)
+			  int torture, int blocking)
 {
 	struct ubi_work *wl_wrk;

@@ -649,7 +649,11 @@ static int schedule_erase(struct ubi_device *ubi, struct ubi_wl_entry *e,
 	wl_wrk->e = e;
 	wl_wrk->torture = torture;

-	schedule_ubi_work(ubi, wl_wrk);
+	if (blocking)
+		erase_worker(ubi, wl_wrk, 0);
+	else
+		schedule_ubi_work(ubi, wl_wrk);
+
 	return 0;
 }

@@ -847,7 +851,7 @@ static int wear_leveling_worker(struct ubi_device *ubi, struct ubi_work *wrk,
 	ubi->move_to_put = ubi->wl_scheduled = 0;
 	spin_unlock(&ubi->wl_lock);

-	err = schedule_erase(ubi, e1, 0);
+	err = schedule_erase(ubi, e1, 0, 0);
 	if (err) {
 		kmem_cache_free(ubi_wl_entry_slab, e1);
 		if (e2)
@@ -862,7 +866,7 @@ static int wear_leveling_worker(struct ubi_device *ubi, struct ubi_work *wrk,
 		 */
 		dbg_wl("PEB %d (LEB %d:%d) was put meanwhile, erase",
 		       e2->pnum, vol_id, lnum);
-		err = schedule_erase(ubi, e2, 0);
+		err = schedule_erase(ubi, e2, 0, 0);
 		if (err) {
 			kmem_cache_free(ubi_wl_entry_slab, e2);
 			goto out_ro;
@@ -901,7 +905,7 @@ out_not_moved:
 	spin_unlock(&ubi->wl_lock);

 	ubi_free_vid_hdr(ubi, vid_hdr);
-	err = schedule_erase(ubi, e2, torture);
+	err = schedule_erase(ubi, e2, torture, 0);
 	if (err) {
 		kmem_cache_free(ubi_wl_entry_slab, e2);
 		goto out_ro;
@@ -1058,7 +1062,7 @@ static int erase_worker(struct ubi_device *ubi, struct ubi_work *wl_wrk,
 		int err1;

 		/* Re-schedule the LEB for erasure */
-		err1 = schedule_erase(ubi, e, 0);
+		err1 = schedule_erase(ubi, e, 0, 0);
 		if (err1) {
 			err = err1;
 			goto out_ro;
@@ -1128,13 +1132,14 @@ out_ro:
  * @ubi: UBI device description object
  * @pnum: physical eraseblock to return
  * @torture: if this physical eraseblock has to be tortured
+ * @erase: if this physical eraseblock should be synchronously erased
  *
  * This function is called to return physical eraseblock @pnum to the pool of
  * free physical eraseblocks. The @torture flag has to be set if an I/O error
  * occurred to this @pnum and it has to be tested. This function returns zero
  * in case of success, and a negative error code in case of failure.
  */
-int ubi_wl_put_peb(struct ubi_device *ubi, int pnum, int torture)
+int ubi_wl_put_peb(struct ubi_device *ubi, int pnum, int torture, int erase)
 {
 	int err;
 	struct ubi_wl_entry *e;
@@ -1199,8 +1204,8 @@ retry:
 		}
 	}
 	spin_unlock(&ubi->wl_lock);
+	err = schedule_erase(ubi, e, torture, erase);

-	err = schedule_erase(ubi, e, torture);
 	if (err) {
 		spin_lock(&ubi->wl_lock);
 		wl_tree_add(e, &ubi->used);
@@ -1465,7 +1470,7 @@ int ubi_wl_init_scan(struct ubi_device *ubi, struct ubi_scan_info *si)
 		e->pnum = seb->pnum;
 		e->ec = seb->ec;
 		ubi->lookuptbl[e->pnum] = e;
-		if (schedule_erase(ubi, e, 0)) {
+		if (schedule_erase(ubi, e, 0, 0)) {
 			kmem_cache_free(ubi_wl_entry_slab, e);
 			goto out_free;
 		}
diff --git a/fs/ubifs/debug.c b/fs/ubifs/debug.c
index 1934084..415a04f 100644
--- a/fs/ubifs/debug.c
+++ b/fs/ubifs/debug.c
@@ -2697,7 +2697,7 @@ int dbg_leb_write(struct ubifs_info *c, int lnum, const void *buf,
 }

 int dbg_leb_change(struct ubifs_info *c, int lnum, const void *buf,
-		   int len, int dtype)
+		   int len, int dtype, int erase)
 {
 	int err;

@@ -2705,7 +2705,7 @@ int dbg_leb_change(struct ubifs_info *c, int lnum, const void *buf,
 		return -EROFS;
 	if (power_cut_emulated(c, lnum, 1))
 		return -EROFS;
-	err = ubi_leb_change(c->ubi, lnum, buf, len, dtype);
+	err = ubi_leb_change(c->ubi, lnum, buf, len, dtype, erase);
 	if (err)
 		return err;
 	if (power_cut_emulated(c, lnum, 1))
diff --git a/fs/ubifs/debug.h b/fs/ubifs/debug.h
index 9f71765..64950a7 100644
--- a/fs/ubifs/debug.h
+++ b/fs/ubifs/debug.h
@@ -309,7 +309,7 @@ int dbg_check_nondata_nodes_order(struct ubifs_info *c, struct list_head *head);
 int dbg_leb_write(struct ubifs_info *c, int lnum, const void *buf, int offs,
 		  int len, int dtype);
 int dbg_leb_change(struct ubifs_info *c, int lnum, const void *buf, int len,
-		   int dtype);
+		   int dtype, int erase);
 int dbg_leb_unmap(struct ubifs_info *c, int lnum);
 int dbg_leb_map(struct ubifs_info *c, int lnum, int dtype);

diff --git a/fs/ubifs/io.c b/fs/ubifs/io.c
index 9228950..9ea6741 100644
--- a/fs/ubifs/io.c
+++ b/fs/ubifs/io.c
@@ -136,7 +136,7 @@ int ubifs_leb_write(struct ubifs_info *c, int lnum, const void *buf, int offs,
 }

 int ubifs_leb_change(struct ubifs_info *c, int lnum, const void *buf, int len,
-		     int dtype)
+		     int dtype, int erase)
 {
 	int err;

@@ -144,9 +144,9 @@ int ubifs_leb_change(struct ubifs_info *c, int lnum, const void *buf, int len,
 	if (c->ro_error)
 		return -EROFS;
 	if (!dbg_is_tst_rcvry(c))
-		err = ubi_leb_change(c->ubi, lnum, buf, len, dtype);
+		err = ubi_leb_change(c->ubi, lnum, buf, len, dtype, erase);
 	else
-		err = dbg_leb_change(c, lnum, buf, len, dtype);
+		err = dbg_leb_change(c, lnum, buf, len, dtype, erase);
 	if (err) {
 		ubifs_err("changing %d bytes in LEB %d failed, error %d",
 			  len, lnum, err);
diff --git a/fs/ubifs/log.c b/fs/ubifs/log.c
index f9fd068..a3d4660 100644
--- a/fs/ubifs/log.c
+++ b/fs/ubifs/log.c
@@ -623,7 +623,7 @@ static int add_node(struct ubifs_info *c, void *buf, int *lnum, int *offs,
 		int sz = ALIGN(*offs, c->min_io_size), err;

 		ubifs_pad(c, buf + *offs, sz - *offs);
-		err = ubifs_leb_change(c, *lnum, buf, sz, UBI_SHORTTERM);
+		err = ubifs_leb_change(c, *lnum, buf, sz, UBI_SHORTTERM, 0);
 		if (err)
 			return err;
 		*lnum = ubifs_next_log_lnum(c, *lnum);
@@ -702,7 +702,8 @@ int ubifs_consolidate_log(struct ubifs_info *c)
 		int sz = ALIGN(offs, c->min_io_size);

 		ubifs_pad(c, buf + offs, sz - offs);
-		err = ubifs_leb_change(c, write_lnum, buf, sz, UBI_SHORTTERM);
+		err = ubifs_leb_change(c, write_lnum, buf,
+				       sz, UBI_SHORTTERM, 0);
 		if (err)
 			goto out_free;
 		offs = ALIGN(offs, c->min_io_size);
diff --git a/fs/ubifs/lpt.c b/fs/ubifs/lpt.c
index 66d59d0..c974211 100644
--- a/fs/ubifs/lpt.c
+++ b/fs/ubifs/lpt.c
@@ -702,7 +702,7 @@ int ubifs_create_dflt_lpt(struct ubifs_info *c, int *main_lebs, int lpt_first,
 			set_ltab(c, lnum, c->leb_size - alen, alen - len);
 			memset(p, 0xff, alen - len);
 			err = ubifs_leb_change(c, lnum++, buf, alen,
-					       UBI_SHORTTERM);
+					       UBI_SHORTTERM, 0);
 			if (err)
 				goto out;
 			p = buf;
@@ -733,7 +733,7 @@ int ubifs_create_dflt_lpt(struct ubifs_info *c, int *main_lebs, int lpt_first,
 					    alen - len);
 				memset(p, 0xff, alen - len);
 				err = ubifs_leb_change(c, lnum++, buf, alen,
-						       UBI_SHORTTERM);
+						       UBI_SHORTTERM, 0);
 				if (err)
 					goto out;
 				p = buf;
@@ -781,7 +781,7 @@ int ubifs_create_dflt_lpt(struct ubifs_info *c, int *main_lebs, int lpt_first,
 			set_ltab(c, lnum, c->leb_size - alen, alen - len);
 			memset(p, 0xff, alen - len);
 			err = ubifs_leb_change(c, lnum++, buf, alen,
-					       UBI_SHORTTERM);
+					       UBI_SHORTTERM, 0);
 			if (err)
 				goto out;
 			p = buf;
@@ -806,7 +806,7 @@ int ubifs_create_dflt_lpt(struct ubifs_info *c, int *main_lebs, int lpt_first,
 		alen = ALIGN(len, c->min_io_size);
 		set_ltab(c, lnum, c->leb_size - alen, alen - len);
 		memset(p, 0xff, alen - len);
-		err = ubifs_leb_change(c, lnum++, buf, alen, UBI_SHORTTERM);
+		err = ubifs_leb_change(c, lnum++, buf, alen, UBI_SHORTTERM, 0);
 		if (err)
 			goto out;
 		p = buf;
@@ -826,7 +826,7 @@ int ubifs_create_dflt_lpt(struct ubifs_info *c, int *main_lebs, int lpt_first,

 	/* Write remaining buffer */
 	memset(p, 0xff, alen - len);
-	err = ubifs_leb_change(c, lnum, buf, alen, UBI_SHORTTERM);
+	err = ubifs_leb_change(c, lnum, buf, alen, UBI_SHORTTERM, 0);
 	if (err)
 		goto out;

diff --git a/fs/ubifs/orphan.c b/fs/ubifs/orphan.c
index c542c73..a0ec4ed 100644
--- a/fs/ubifs/orphan.c
+++ b/fs/ubifs/orphan.c
@@ -249,7 +249,7 @@ static int do_write_orph_node(struct ubifs_info *c, int len, int atomic)
 		ubifs_prepare_node(c, c->orph_buf, len, 1);
 		len = ALIGN(len, c->min_io_size);
 		err = ubifs_leb_change(c, c->ohead_lnum, c->orph_buf, len,
-				       UBI_SHORTTERM);
+				       UBI_SHORTTERM, 0);
 	} else {
 		if (c->ohead_offs == 0) {
 			/* Ensure LEB has been unmapped */
diff --git a/fs/ubifs/recovery.c b/fs/ubifs/recovery.c
index 2a935b3..0531112 100644
--- a/fs/ubifs/recovery.c
+++ b/fs/ubifs/recovery.c
@@ -213,10 +213,10 @@ static int write_rcvrd_mst_node(struct ubifs_info *c,
 	mst->flags |= cpu_to_le32(UBIFS_MST_RCVRY);

 	ubifs_prepare_node(c, mst, UBIFS_MST_NODE_SZ, 1);
-	err = ubifs_leb_change(c, lnum, mst, sz, UBI_SHORTTERM);
+	err = ubifs_leb_change(c, lnum, mst, sz, UBI_SHORTTERM, 0);
 	if (err)
 		goto out;
-	err = ubifs_leb_change(c, lnum + 1, mst, sz, UBI_SHORTTERM);
+	err = ubifs_leb_change(c, lnum + 1, mst, sz, UBI_SHORTTERM, 0);
 	if (err)
 		goto out;
 out:
@@ -556,7 +556,7 @@ static int fix_unclean_leb(struct ubifs_info *c, struct ubifs_scan_leb *sleb,
 				}
 			}
 			err = ubifs_leb_change(c, lnum, sleb->buf, len,
-					       UBI_UNKNOWN);
+					       UBI_UNKNOWN, 0);
 			if (err)
 				return err;
 		}
@@ -941,7 +941,7 @@ static int recover_head(struct ubifs_info *c, int lnum, int offs, void *sbuf)
 		err = ubifs_leb_read(c, lnum, sbuf, 0, offs, 1);
 		if (err)
 			return err;
-		return ubifs_leb_change(c, lnum, sbuf, offs, UBI_UNKNOWN);
+		return ubifs_leb_change(c, lnum, sbuf, offs, UBI_UNKNOWN, 0);
 	}

 	return 0;
@@ -1071,7 +1071,7 @@ static int clean_an_unclean_leb(struct ubifs_info *c,
 	}

 	/* Write back the LEB atomically */
-	err = ubifs_leb_change(c, lnum, sbuf, len, UBI_UNKNOWN);
+	err = ubifs_leb_change(c, lnum, sbuf, len, UBI_UNKNOWN, 0);
 	if (err)
 		return err;

@@ -1472,7 +1472,7 @@ static int fix_size_in_place(struct ubifs_info *c, struct size_entry *e)
 		len -= 1;
 	len = ALIGN(len + 1, c->min_io_size);
 	/* Atomically write the fixed LEB back again */
-	err = ubifs_leb_change(c, lnum, c->sbuf, len, UBI_UNKNOWN);
+	err = ubifs_leb_change(c, lnum, c->sbuf, len, UBI_UNKNOWN, 0);
 	if (err)
 		goto out;
 	dbg_rcvry("inode %lu at %d:%d size %lld -> %lld",
diff --git a/fs/ubifs/sb.c b/fs/ubifs/sb.c
index 771f7fb..e38d72e 100644
--- a/fs/ubifs/sb.c
+++ b/fs/ubifs/sb.c
@@ -518,7 +518,7 @@ int ubifs_write_sb_node(struct ubifs_info *c, struct ubifs_sb_node *sup)
 	int len = ALIGN(UBIFS_SB_NODE_SZ, c->min_io_size);

 	ubifs_prepare_node(c, sup, UBIFS_SB_NODE_SZ, 1);
-	return ubifs_leb_change(c, UBIFS_SB_LNUM, sup, len, UBI_LONGTERM);
+	return ubifs_leb_change(c, UBIFS_SB_LNUM, sup, len, UBI_LONGTERM, 0);
 }

 /**
@@ -691,7 +691,7 @@ static int fixup_leb(struct ubifs_info *c, int lnum, int len)
 	if (err)
 		return err;

-	return ubifs_leb_change(c, lnum, c->sbuf, len, UBI_UNKNOWN);
+	return ubifs_leb_change(c, lnum, c->sbuf, len, UBI_UNKNOWN, 0);
 }

 /**
diff --git a/fs/ubifs/tnc_commit.c b/fs/ubifs/tnc_commit.c
index 4c15f07..485a283 100644
--- a/fs/ubifs/tnc_commit.c
+++ b/fs/ubifs/tnc_commit.c
@@ -323,7 +323,7 @@ static int layout_leb_in_gaps(struct ubifs_info *c, int *p)
 	if (err)
 		return err;
 	err = ubifs_leb_change(c, lnum, c->ileb_buf, c->ileb_len,
-			       UBI_SHORTTERM);
+			       UBI_SHORTTERM, 1);
 	if (err)
 		return err;
 	dbg_gc("LEB %d wrote %d index nodes", lnum, tot_written);
diff --git a/fs/ubifs/ubifs.h b/fs/ubifs/ubifs.h
index 0cc1180..d7a2827 100644
--- a/fs/ubifs/ubifs.h
+++ b/fs/ubifs/ubifs.h
@@ -1470,7 +1470,7 @@ int ubifs_leb_read(const struct ubifs_info *c, int lnum, void *buf, int offs,
 int ubifs_leb_write(struct ubifs_info *c, int lnum, const void *buf, int offs,
 		    int len, int dtype);
 int ubifs_leb_change(struct ubifs_info *c, int lnum, const void *buf, int len,
-		     int dtype);
+		     int dtype, int erase);
 int ubifs_leb_unmap(struct ubifs_info *c, int lnum);
 int ubifs_leb_map(struct ubifs_info *c, int lnum, int dtype);
 int ubifs_is_mapped(const struct ubifs_info *c, int lnum);
diff --git a/include/linux/mtd/ubi.h b/include/linux/mtd/ubi.h
index db4836b..2387c8a 100644
--- a/include/linux/mtd/ubi.h
+++ b/include/linux/mtd/ubi.h
@@ -210,7 +210,7 @@ int ubi_leb_read(struct ubi_volume_desc *desc, int lnum, char *buf, int offset,
 int ubi_leb_write(struct ubi_volume_desc *desc, int lnum, const void *buf,
 		  int offset, int len, int dtype);
 int ubi_leb_change(struct ubi_volume_desc *desc, int lnum, const void *buf,
-		   int len, int dtype);
+		   int len, int dtype, int erase);
 int ubi_leb_erase(struct ubi_volume_desc *desc, int lnum);
 int ubi_leb_unmap(struct ubi_volume_desc *desc, int lnum);
 int ubi_leb_map(struct ubi_volume_desc *desc, int lnum, int dtype);
@@ -239,12 +239,12 @@ static inline int ubi_write(struct ubi_volume_desc *desc, int lnum,

 /*
  * This function is the same as the 'ubi_leb_change()' functions, but it does
- * not have the data type argument.
+ * not have the data type argument or the immediate erase argument.
  */
 static inline int ubi_change(struct ubi_volume_desc *desc, int lnum,
 				    const void *buf, int len)
 {
-	return ubi_leb_change(desc, lnum, buf, len, UBI_UNKNOWN);
+	return ubi_leb_change(desc, lnum, buf, len, UBI_UNKNOWN, 0);
 }

 #endif /* !__LINUX_UBI_H__ */
-- 
1.7.5.4


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