[PATCH v6 0/9] watchdog: Add support for keepalives triggered by infrastructure

[PATCH v6 0/9] watchdog: Add support for keepalives triggered by infrastructure

[Guenter Roeck]

The watchdog infrastructure is currently purely passive, meaning
it only passes information from user space to drivers and vice versa.

Since watchdog hardware tends to have its own quirks, this can result
in quite complex watchdog drivers. A number of scanarios are especially common.

- A watchdog is always active and can not be disabled, or can not be disabled
  once enabled. To support such hardware, watchdog drivers have to implement
  their own timers and use those timers to trigger watchdog keepalives while
  the watchdog device is not or not yet opened.
- A variant of this is the desire to enable a watchdog as soon as its driver
  has been instantiated, to protect the system while it is still booting up,
  but the watchdog daemon is not yet running.
- Some watchdogs have a very short maximum timeout, in the range of just a few
  seconds. Such low timeouts are difficult if not impossible to support from
  user space. Drivers supporting such watchdog hardware need to implement
  a timer function to augment heartbeats from user space.

This patch set solves the above problems while keeping changes to the
watchdog core minimal.

- A new status flag, WDOG_RUNNING, informs the watchdog subsystem that a
  watchdog is running, and that the watchdog subsystem needs to generate
  heartbeat requests while the associated watchdog device is closed.
- A new parameter in the watchdog data structure, max_hw_timeout_ms, informs
  the watchdog subsystem about a maximum hardware timeout. The watchdog
  subsystem uses this information together with the configured timeout
  and the maximum permitted timeout to determine if it needs to generate
  additional heartbeat requests.

As part of this patchset, the semantics of the 'timeout' variable and of
the WDOG_ACTIVE flag are changed slightly.

Per the current watchdog kernel API, the 'timeout' variable is supposed
to reflect the actual hardware watcdog timeout. WDOG_ACTIVE is supposed
to reflect if the hardware watchdog is running or not.

Unfortunately, this does not always reflect reality. In drivers which solve
the above mentioned problems internally, 'timeout' is the watchdog timeout
as seen from user space, and WDOG_ACTIVE reflects that user space is expected
to send keepalive requests to the watchdog driver.

After this patch set is applied, this so far inofficial interpretation
is the 'official' semantics for the timeout variable and the WDOG_ACTIVE
flag. In other words, both values no longer reflect the hardware watchdog
status, but its status as seen from user space.

Patch #1 adds timer functionality to the watchdog core. It solves the problem
of short maximum hardware timeouts by augmenting heartbeats triggered from
user space with internally triggered heartbeats.

Patch #2 adds functionality to generate heartbeats while the watchdog device is
closed. It handles situation where where the watchdog is running after
the driver has been instantiated, but the device is not yet opened,
and post-close situations necessary if a watchdog can not be stopped.

Patch #3 makes the set_timeout function optional. This is now possible since
timeout changes can now be completely handled in the watchdog core, for
example if the hardware watchdog timeout is fixed.

Patch #4 adds code to unconditionally ensure that the minimum timeout meets
constraints provided by the watchdog driver.

Patch #5 simplifies the watchdog_update_worker() function introduced with
patch #1 to only take a single argument, and always cancel any pending work
if a worker is not or no longer needed. This patch is kept as separate
patch on purpose, to enable dropping or reverting it easily if it causes
any problems. It should not cause any problems; this is just out of an
abundance of caution.

Patch #6 to #9 are example conversions of some watchdog drivers.
Those patches will require testing and are marked as RFT.

The patch set is also available in branch watchdog-timer of
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/groeck/linux-staging.git.
In this branch, the series is rebased on top of the watchdog-next branch
in the same repository. This was done since other pending changes in the
watchdog subsystem cause merge conflicts, and we want to be able to test
all pending changes together.

The patch set was inspired by an earlier patch set from Timo Kokonnen.

v6:
- Added patch #9, converting the dw_wdt driver.
  Set last_keepalive more accurately when starting the watchdog.
  Rebased to v4.4-rc2.
  Renamed WDOG_RUNNING to WDOG_HW_RUNNING and watchdog_running() to
  watchdog_hw_running().
v5:
- Patches #1 and #2 of the original patch series are now in mainline
  and have been dropped.
- Rebased to v4.4-rc1. 
- Added patch to simplify watchdog_update_worker().
v4:
- Rebased to v4.3-rc3
- Rearranged patch sequence
- Dropped gpio driver patch. The driver was changed since v4.2,
  and merging the changes turned out to be too difficult.
- Various other cleanups as listed in individual patches
v3:
- Rebased to v4.2-rc8
- Reworked and cleaned up some of the functions.
- No longer call the worker update function if all that is needed is to stop
  the worker.
- max_timeout will now be ignored if max_hw_timeout_ms is provided.
- Added patch 9/9.
v2:
- Rebased to v4.2-rc5
- Improved and hopefully clarified documentation.
- Rearranged variables in struct watchdog_device such that internal variables
  come last.
- The code now ensures that the watchdog times out <timeout> seconds after
  the most recent keepalive sent from user space.
- The internal keepalive now stops silently and no longer generates a
  warning message. Reason is that it will now stop early, while there
  may still be a substantial amount of time for keepalives from user space
  to arrive. If such keepalives arrive late (for example if user space
  is configured to send keepalives just a few seconds before the watchdog
  times out), the message would just be noise and not provide any value.

[PATCH v6 1/9] watchdog: Introduce hardware maximum timeout in watchdog core

[Guenter Roeck]

Introduce an optional hardware maximum timeout in the watchdog core.
The hardware maximum timeout can be lower than the maximum timeout.

Drivers can set the maximum hardware timeout value in the watchdog data
structure. If the configured timeout exceeds the maximum hardware timeout,
the watchdog core enables a timer function to assist sending keepalive
requests to the watchdog driver.

Acked-by: Uwe Kleine-König <u.kleine-koenig@pengutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Guenter Roeck <linux@roeck-us.net>
---
v6:
- Set last_keepalive more accurately when starting the watchdog
- Rebased to v4.4-rc2
- Added Uwe's Acked-by:
v5:
- Rebased to v4.4-rc1
v4:
- Improved and fixed documentation
- Split hw_timeout_ms variable to timeout_ms, hw_timeout_ms for clarity
- Dropped redundant comments
- Added comments explaining failure conditions in watchdog_timeout_invalid().
- Moved the call to watchdog_update_worker() into _watchdog_ping().
v3:
- Reworked and cleaned up some of the functions.
- No longer call the worker update function if all that is needed is to stop
  the worker.
- max_timeout will now be ignored if max_hw_timeout_ms is provided.
v2:
- Improved and hopefully clarified documentation.
- Rearranged variables in struct watchdog_device such that internal variables
  come last.
- The code now ensures that the watchdog times out <timeout> seconds after
  the most recent keepalive sent from user space.
- The internal keepalive now stops silently and no longer generates a
  warning message. Reason is that it will now stop early, while there
  may still be a substantial amount of time for keepalives from user space
  to arrive. If such keepalives arrive late (for example if user space
  is configured to send keepalives just a few seconds before the watchdog
  times out), the message would just be noise and not provide any value.
---
 Documentation/watchdog/watchdog-kernel-api.txt |  28 ++++-
 drivers/watchdog/watchdog_dev.c                | 137 ++++++++++++++++++++++---
 include/linux/watchdog.h                       |  40 ++++++--
 3 files changed, 175 insertions(+), 30 deletions(-)

diff --git a/Documentation/watchdog/watchdog-kernel-api.txt b/Documentation/watchdog/watchdog-kernel-api.txt
index d8b0d3367706..f66859117d1f 100644
--- a/Documentation/watchdog/watchdog-kernel-api.txt
+++ b/Documentation/watchdog/watchdog-kernel-api.txt
@@ -53,9 +53,12 @@ struct watchdog_device {
 	unsigned int timeout;
 	unsigned int min_timeout;
 	unsigned int max_timeout;
+	unsigned int max_hw_timeout_ms;
 	void *driver_data;
-	struct mutex lock;
 	unsigned long status;
+	struct mutex lock;
+	unsigned long last_keepalive;
+	struct delayed_work work;
 	struct list_head deferred;
 };
 
@@ -73,18 +76,31 @@ It contains following fields:
   additional information about the watchdog timer itself. (Like it's unique name)
 * ops: a pointer to the list of watchdog operations that the watchdog supports.
 * timeout: the watchdog timer's timeout value (in seconds).
+  This is the time after which the system will reboot if user space does
+  not send a heartbeat request if WDOG_ACTIVE is set.
 * min_timeout: the watchdog timer's minimum timeout value (in seconds).
-* max_timeout: the watchdog timer's maximum timeout value (in seconds).
+  If set, the minimum configurable value for 'timeout'.
+* max_timeout: the watchdog timer's maximum timeout value (in seconds),
+  as seen from userspace. If set, the maximum configurable value for
+  'timeout'. Not used if max_hw_timeout_ms is non-zero.
+* max_hw_timeout_ms: Maximum hardware timeout, in milli-seconds.
+  If set, the infrastructure will send heartbeats to the watchdog driver
+  if 'timeout' is larger than max_hw_timeout, unless WDOG_ACTIVE
+  is set and userspace failed to send a heartbeat for at least 'timeout'
+  seconds.
 * bootstatus: status of the device after booting (reported with watchdog
   WDIOF_* status bits).
 * driver_data: a pointer to the drivers private data of a watchdog device.
   This data should only be accessed via the watchdog_set_drvdata and
   watchdog_get_drvdata routines.
-* lock: Mutex for WatchDog Timer Driver Core internal use only.
 * status: this field contains a number of status bits that give extra
   information about the status of the device (Like: is the watchdog timer
   running/active, is the nowayout bit set, is the device opened via
   the /dev/watchdog interface or not, ...).
+* lock: Mutex for WatchDog Timer Driver Core internal use only.
+* last_keepalive: Time of most recent keepalive triggered from user space,
+  in jiffies.
+* work: Worker data structure for WatchDog Timer Driver Core internal use only.
 * deferred: entry in wtd_deferred_reg_list which is used to
   register early initialized watchdogs.
 
@@ -160,7 +176,11 @@ they are supported. These optional routines/operations are:
   and -EIO for "could not write value to the watchdog". On success this
   routine should set the timeout value of the watchdog_device to the
   achieved timeout value (which may be different from the requested one
-  because the watchdog does not necessarily has a 1 second resolution).
+  because the watchdog does not necessarily have a 1 second resolution).
+  Drivers implementing hw_max_timeout_ms set the hardware watchdog timeout
+  to the minimum of timeout and hw_max_timeout_ms. Those drivers set the
+  timeout value of the watchdog_device either to the requested timeout value
+  (if it is larger than hw_max_timeout_ms), or to the achieved timeout value.
   (Note: the WDIOF_SETTIMEOUT needs to be set in the options field of the
   watchdog's info structure).
 * get_timeleft: this routines returns the time that's left before a reset.
diff --git a/drivers/watchdog/watchdog_dev.c b/drivers/watchdog/watchdog_dev.c
index 56a649e66eb2..1e150f56d561 100644
--- a/drivers/watchdog/watchdog_dev.c
+++ b/drivers/watchdog/watchdog_dev.c
@@ -37,7 +37,9 @@
 #include <linux/errno.h>	/* For the -ENODEV/... values */
 #include <linux/kernel.h>	/* For printk/panic/... */
 #include <linux/fs.h>		/* For file operations */
+#include <linux/jiffies.h>	/* For timeout functions */
 #include <linux/watchdog.h>	/* For watchdog specific items */
+#include <linux/workqueue.h>	/* For workqueue */
 #include <linux/miscdevice.h>	/* For handling misc devices */
 #include <linux/init.h>		/* For __init/__exit/... */
 #include <linux/uaccess.h>	/* For copy_to_user/put_user/... */
@@ -49,6 +51,80 @@ static dev_t watchdog_devt;
 /* the watchdog device behind /dev/watchdog */
 static struct watchdog_device *old_wdd;
 
+static struct workqueue_struct *watchdog_wq;
+
+static inline bool watchdog_need_worker(struct watchdog_device *wdd)
+{
+	/* All variables in milli-seconds */
+	unsigned int hm = wdd->max_hw_timeout_ms;
+	unsigned int t = wdd->timeout * 1000;
+
+	/*
+	 * A worker to generate heartbeat requests is needed if all of the
+	 * following conditions are true.
+	 * - Userspace activated the watchdog.
+	 * - The driver provided a value for the maximum hardware timeout, and
+	 *   thus is aware that the framework supports generating heartbeat
+	 *   requests.
+	 * - Userspace requests a longer timeout than the hardware can handle.
+	 */
+	return watchdog_active(wdd) && hm && t > hm;
+}
+
+static long watchdog_next_keepalive(struct watchdog_device *wdd)
+{
+	unsigned int timeout_ms = wdd->timeout * 1000;
+	unsigned long keepalive_interval;
+	unsigned long last_heartbeat;
+	unsigned long virt_timeout;
+	unsigned int hw_timeout_ms;
+
+	virt_timeout = wdd->last_keepalive + msecs_to_jiffies(timeout_ms);
+	hw_timeout_ms = min(timeout_ms, wdd->max_hw_timeout_ms);
+	keepalive_interval = msecs_to_jiffies(hw_timeout_ms / 2);
+
+	/*
+	 * To ensure that the watchdog times out wdd->timeout seconds
+	 * after the most recent ping from userspace, the last
+	 * worker ping has to come in hw_timeout_ms before this timeout.
+	 */
+	last_heartbeat = virt_timeout - msecs_to_jiffies(hw_timeout_ms);
+	return min_t(long, last_heartbeat - jiffies, keepalive_interval);
+}
+
+static inline void watchdog_update_worker(struct watchdog_device *wdd,
+					  bool cancel)
+{
+	if (watchdog_need_worker(wdd)) {
+		long t = watchdog_next_keepalive(wdd);
+
+		if (t > 0)
+			mod_delayed_work(watchdog_wq, &wdd->work, t);
+	} else if (cancel) {
+		cancel_delayed_work(&wdd->work);
+	}
+}
+
+static int _watchdog_ping(struct watchdog_device *wdd)
+{
+	int err;
+
+	if (test_bit(WDOG_UNREGISTERED, &wdd->status))
+		return -ENODEV;
+
+	if (!watchdog_active(wdd))
+		return 0;
+
+	if (wdd->ops->ping)
+		err = wdd->ops->ping(wdd);  /* ping the watchdog */
+	else
+		err = wdd->ops->start(wdd); /* restart watchdog */
+
+	watchdog_update_worker(wdd, false);
+
+	return err;
+}
+
 /*
  *	watchdog_ping: ping the watchdog.
  *	@wdd: the watchdog device to ping
@@ -61,26 +137,25 @@ static struct watchdog_device *old_wdd;
 
 static int watchdog_ping(struct watchdog_device *wdd)
 {
-	int err = 0;
+	int err;
 
 	mutex_lock(&wdd->lock);
+	wdd->last_keepalive = jiffies;
+	err = _watchdog_ping(wdd);
+	mutex_unlock(&wdd->lock);
 
-	if (test_bit(WDOG_UNREGISTERED, &wdd->status)) {
-		err = -ENODEV;
-		goto out_ping;
-	}
+	return err;
+}
 
-	if (!watchdog_active(wdd))
-		goto out_ping;
+static void watchdog_ping_work(struct work_struct *work)
+{
+	struct watchdog_device *wdd;
 
-	if (wdd->ops->ping)
-		err = wdd->ops->ping(wdd);	/* ping the watchdog */
-	else
-		err = wdd->ops->start(wdd);	/* restart watchdog */
+	wdd = container_of(to_delayed_work(work), struct watchdog_device, work);
 
-out_ping:
+	mutex_lock(&wdd->lock);
+	_watchdog_ping(wdd);
 	mutex_unlock(&wdd->lock);
-	return err;
 }
 
 /*
@@ -94,6 +169,7 @@ out_ping:
 
 static int watchdog_start(struct watchdog_device *wdd)
 {
+	unsigned long started_at;
 	int err = 0;
 
 	mutex_lock(&wdd->lock);
@@ -106,9 +182,13 @@ static int watchdog_start(struct watchdog_device *wdd)
 	if (watchdog_active(wdd))
 		goto out_start;
 
+	started_at = jiffies;
 	err = wdd->ops->start(wdd);
-	if (err == 0)
+	if (err == 0) {
 		set_bit(WDOG_ACTIVE, &wdd->status);
+		wdd->last_keepalive = started_at;
+		watchdog_update_worker(wdd, true);
+	}
 
 out_start:
 	mutex_unlock(&wdd->lock);
@@ -146,8 +226,10 @@ static int watchdog_stop(struct watchdog_device *wdd)
 	}
 
 	err = wdd->ops->stop(wdd);
-	if (err == 0)
+	if (err == 0) {
 		clear_bit(WDOG_ACTIVE, &wdd->status);
+		cancel_delayed_work(&wdd->work);
+	}
 
 out_stop:
 	mutex_unlock(&wdd->lock);
@@ -211,6 +293,8 @@ static int watchdog_set_timeout(struct watchdog_device *wdd,
 
 	err = wdd->ops->set_timeout(wdd, timeout);
 
+	watchdog_update_worker(wdd, true);
+
 out_timeout:
 	mutex_unlock(&wdd->lock);
 	return err;
@@ -487,6 +571,8 @@ static int watchdog_release(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
 		watchdog_ping(wdd);
 	}
 
+	cancel_delayed_work_sync(&wdd->work);
+
 	/* Allow the owner module to be unloaded again */
 	module_put(wdd->ops->owner);
 
@@ -527,6 +613,11 @@ int watchdog_dev_register(struct watchdog_device *wdd)
 {
 	int err, devno;
 
+	if (!watchdog_wq)
+		return -ENODEV;
+
+	INIT_DELAYED_WORK(&wdd->work, watchdog_ping_work);
+
 	if (wdd->id == 0) {
 		old_wdd = wdd;
 		watchdog_miscdev.parent = wdd->parent;
@@ -578,6 +669,9 @@ int watchdog_dev_unregister(struct watchdog_device *wdd)
 		misc_deregister(&watchdog_miscdev);
 		old_wdd = NULL;
 	}
+
+	cancel_delayed_work_sync(&wdd->work);
+
 	return 0;
 }
 
@@ -589,9 +683,19 @@ int watchdog_dev_unregister(struct watchdog_device *wdd)
 
 int __init watchdog_dev_init(void)
 {
-	int err = alloc_chrdev_region(&watchdog_devt, 0, MAX_DOGS, "watchdog");
+	int err;
+
+	watchdog_wq = alloc_workqueue("watchdogd",
+				      WQ_HIGHPRI | WQ_MEM_RECLAIM, 0);
+	if (!watchdog_wq) {
+		pr_err("Failed to create watchdog workqueue\n");
+		return -ENOMEM;
+	}
+
+	err = alloc_chrdev_region(&watchdog_devt, 0, MAX_DOGS, "watchdog");
 	if (err < 0)
 		pr_err("watchdog: unable to allocate char dev region\n");
+
 	return err;
 }
 
@@ -604,4 +708,5 @@ int __init watchdog_dev_init(void)
 void __exit watchdog_dev_exit(void)
 {
 	unregister_chrdev_region(watchdog_devt, MAX_DOGS);
+	destroy_workqueue(watchdog_wq);
 }
diff --git a/include/linux/watchdog.h b/include/linux/watchdog.h
index 027b1f43f12d..b535b02b1d7f 100644
--- a/include/linux/watchdog.h
+++ b/include/linux/watchdog.h
@@ -10,8 +10,10 @@
 
 
 #include <linux/bitops.h>
-#include <linux/device.h>
 #include <linux/cdev.h>
+#include <linux/device.h>
+#include <linux/kernel.h>
+#include <linux/workqueue.h>
 #include <uapi/linux/watchdog.h>
 
 struct watchdog_ops;
@@ -61,12 +63,21 @@ struct watchdog_ops {
  * @bootstatus:	Status of the watchdog device at boot.
  * @timeout:	The watchdog devices timeout value (in seconds).
  * @min_timeout:The watchdog devices minimum timeout value (in seconds).
- * @max_timeout:The watchdog devices maximum timeout value (in seconds).
+ * @max_timeout:The watchdog devices maximum timeout value (in seconds)
+ *		as configurable from user space. Only relevant if
+ *		max_hw_timeout_ms is not provided.
+ * @max_hw_timeout_ms:
+ *		Hardware limit for maximum timeout, in milli-seconds.
+ *		Replaces max_timeout if specified.
  * @driver-data:Pointer to the drivers private data.
- * @lock:	Lock for watchdog core internal use only.
  * @status:	Field that contains the devices internal status bits.
- * @deferred: entry in wtd_deferred_reg_list which is used to
- *			   register early initialized watchdogs.
+ * @lock:	Lock for watchdog core internal use only.
+ * @last_keepalive:
+ *		Time of most recent keepalive triggered from user space,
+ *		in jiffies (watchdog core internal).
+ * @work:	Data structure for worker function (watchdog core internal).
+ * @deferred:	entry in wtd_deferred_reg_list which is used to
+ *		register early initialized watchdogs.
  *
  * The watchdog_device structure contains all information about a
  * watchdog timer device.
@@ -88,8 +99,8 @@ struct watchdog_device {
 	unsigned int timeout;
 	unsigned int min_timeout;
 	unsigned int max_timeout;
+	unsigned int max_hw_timeout_ms;
 	void *driver_data;
-	struct mutex lock;
 	unsigned long status;
 /* Bit numbers for status flags */
 #define WDOG_ACTIVE		0	/* Is the watchdog running/active */
@@ -97,6 +108,10 @@ struct watchdog_device {
 #define WDOG_ALLOW_RELEASE	2	/* Did we receive the magic char ? */
 #define WDOG_NO_WAY_OUT		3	/* Is 'nowayout' feature set ? */
 #define WDOG_UNREGISTERED	4	/* Has the device been unregistered */
+	/* the following variables are for internal use only */
+	struct mutex lock;
+	unsigned long last_keepalive;
+	struct delayed_work work;
 	struct list_head deferred;
 };
 
@@ -121,13 +136,18 @@ static inline bool watchdog_timeout_invalid(struct watchdog_device *wdd, unsigne
 {
 	/*
 	 * The timeout is invalid if
+	 * - the requested value is larger than UINT_MAX / 1000
+	 *   (since internal calculations are done in milli-seconds),
+	 * or
 	 * - the requested value is smaller than the configured minimum timeout,
 	 * or
-	 * - a maximum timeout is configured, and the requested value is larger
-	 *   than the maximum timeout.
+	 * - a maximum hardware timeout is not configured, a maximum timeout
+	 *   is configured, and the requested value is larger than the
+	 *   configured maximum timeout.
 	 */
-	return t < wdd->min_timeout ||
-		(wdd->max_timeout && t > wdd->max_timeout);
+	return t > UINT_MAX / 1000 || t < wdd->min_timeout ||
+		(!wdd->max_hw_timeout_ms && wdd->max_timeout &&
+		 t > wdd->max_timeout);
 }
 
 /* Use the following functions to manipulate watchdog driver specific data */
-- 
2.1.4

[PATCH v6 2/9] watchdog: Introduce WDOG_HW_RUNNING flag

[Guenter Roeck]

The WDOG_HW_RUNNING flag is expected to be set by watchdog drivers if
the hardware watchdog is running. If the flag is set, the watchdog
subsystem will ping the watchdog even if the watchdog device is closed.

The watchdog driver stop function is now optional and may be omitted
if the watchdog can not be stopped. If stopping the watchdog is not
possible but the driver implements a stop function, it is responsible
to set the WDOG_HW_RUNNING flag in its stop function.

Signed-off-by: Guenter Roeck <linux@roeck-us.net>
---
v6: Fixed typo in documentation.
    Renamed WDOG_RUNNING to WDOG_HW_RUNNING and watchdog_running() to
    watchdog_hw_running().
    Rebased to v4.4-rc2.
v5: Rebased to v4.4-rc1.
v4: No change.
v3: Clarified meaning of WDOG_ACTIVE.
    Do not call cancel_delayed_work_sync() from watchdog_update_worker().
    Call it directly where needed instead, to keep the common code simple.
    Do not (re-)start an already running watchdog when opening the watchdog
    device. Send a heartbeat request instead.
v2: Improved documentation.
---
 Documentation/watchdog/watchdog-kernel-api.txt | 29 +++++++++------
 drivers/watchdog/watchdog_core.c               |  2 +-
 drivers/watchdog/watchdog_dev.c                | 49 +++++++++++++++++++-------
 include/linux/watchdog.h                       | 10 ++++++
 4 files changed, 67 insertions(+), 23 deletions(-)

diff --git a/Documentation/watchdog/watchdog-kernel-api.txt b/Documentation/watchdog/watchdog-kernel-api.txt
index f66859117d1f..44787ddd59de 100644
--- a/Documentation/watchdog/watchdog-kernel-api.txt
+++ b/Documentation/watchdog/watchdog-kernel-api.txt
@@ -146,17 +146,18 @@ are:
   device.
   The routine needs a pointer to the watchdog timer device structure as a
   parameter. It returns zero on success or a negative errno code for failure.
-* stop: with this routine the watchdog timer device is being stopped.
-  The routine needs a pointer to the watchdog timer device structure as a
-  parameter. It returns zero on success or a negative errno code for failure.
-  Some watchdog timer hardware can only be started and not be stopped. The
-  driver supporting this hardware needs to make sure that a start and stop
-  routine is being provided. This can be done by using a timer in the driver
-  that regularly sends a keepalive ping to the watchdog timer hardware.
 
 Not all watchdog timer hardware supports the same functionality. That's why
 all other routines/operations are optional. They only need to be provided if
 they are supported. These optional routines/operations are:
+* stop: with this routine the watchdog timer device is being stopped.
+  The routine needs a pointer to the watchdog timer device structure as a
+  parameter. It returns zero on success or a negative errno code for failure.
+  Some watchdog timer hardware can only be started and not be stopped. A
+  driver supporting such hardware does not have to implement the stop routine.
+  If a driver has no stop function, the watchdog core will set WDOG_HW_RUNNING
+  and start calling the driver's keepalive pings function after the watchdog
+  device is closed.
 * ping: this is the routine that sends a keepalive ping to the watchdog timer
   hardware.
   The routine needs a pointer to the watchdog timer device structure as a
@@ -196,9 +197,8 @@ they are supported. These optional routines/operations are:
 The status bits should (preferably) be set with the set_bit and clear_bit alike
 bit-operations. The status bits that are defined are:
 * WDOG_ACTIVE: this status bit indicates whether or not a watchdog timer device
-  is active or not. When the watchdog is active after booting, then you should
-  set this status bit (Note: when you register the watchdog timer device with
-  this bit set, then opening /dev/watchdog will skip the start operation)
+  is active or not from user perspective. User space is expected to send
+  heartbeat requests to the driver while this flag is set.
 * WDOG_DEV_OPEN: this status bit shows whether or not the watchdog device
   was opened via /dev/watchdog.
   (This bit should only be used by the WatchDog Timer Driver Core).
@@ -212,6 +212,15 @@ bit-operations. The status bits that are defined are:
   any watchdog_ops, so that you can be sure that no operations (other then
   unref) will get called after unregister, even if userspace still holds a
   reference to /dev/watchdog
+* WDOG_HW_RUNNING: Set by the watchdog driver if the hardware watchdog is
+  running. The bit must be set if the watchdog timer hardware can not be
+  stopped. The bit may also be set if the watchdog timer is running after
+  booting, before the watchdog device is opened. If set, the watchdog
+  infrastructure will send keepalives to the watchdog hardware while
+  WDOG_ACTIVE is not set.
+  Note: when you register the watchdog timer device with this bit set,
+  then opening /dev/watchdog will skip the start operation but send a keepalive
+  request instead.
 
   To set the WDOG_NO_WAY_OUT status bit (before registering your watchdog
   timer device) you can either:
diff --git a/drivers/watchdog/watchdog_core.c b/drivers/watchdog/watchdog_core.c
index 873f13972cf4..c2202ab62490 100644
--- a/drivers/watchdog/watchdog_core.c
+++ b/drivers/watchdog/watchdog_core.c
@@ -145,7 +145,7 @@ static int __watchdog_register_device(struct watchdog_device *wdd)
 		return -EINVAL;
 
 	/* Mandatory operations need to be supported */
-	if (wdd->ops->start == NULL || wdd->ops->stop == NULL)
+	if (!wdd->ops->start)
 		return -EINVAL;
 
 	watchdog_check_min_max_timeout(wdd);
diff --git a/drivers/watchdog/watchdog_dev.c b/drivers/watchdog/watchdog_dev.c
index 1e150f56d561..2c99c3bb2fcf 100644
--- a/drivers/watchdog/watchdog_dev.c
+++ b/drivers/watchdog/watchdog_dev.c
@@ -68,7 +68,8 @@ static inline bool watchdog_need_worker(struct watchdog_device *wdd)
 	 *   requests.
 	 * - Userspace requests a longer timeout than the hardware can handle.
 	 */
-	return watchdog_active(wdd) && hm && t > hm;
+	return hm && ((watchdog_active(wdd) && t > hm) ||
+		      (t && !watchdog_active(wdd) && watchdog_hw_running(wdd)));
 }
 
 static long watchdog_next_keepalive(struct watchdog_device *wdd)
@@ -83,6 +84,9 @@ static long watchdog_next_keepalive(struct watchdog_device *wdd)
 	hw_timeout_ms = min(timeout_ms, wdd->max_hw_timeout_ms);
 	keepalive_interval = msecs_to_jiffies(hw_timeout_ms / 2);
 
+	if (!watchdog_active(wdd))
+		return keepalive_interval;
+
 	/*
 	 * To ensure that the watchdog times out wdd->timeout seconds
 	 * after the most recent ping from userspace, the last
@@ -112,7 +116,7 @@ static int _watchdog_ping(struct watchdog_device *wdd)
 	if (test_bit(WDOG_UNREGISTERED, &wdd->status))
 		return -ENODEV;
 
-	if (!watchdog_active(wdd))
+	if (!watchdog_active(wdd) && !watchdog_hw_running(wdd))
 		return 0;
 
 	if (wdd->ops->ping)
@@ -179,11 +183,11 @@ static int watchdog_start(struct watchdog_device *wdd)
 		goto out_start;
 	}
 
-	if (watchdog_active(wdd))
-		goto out_start;
-
 	started_at = jiffies;
-	err = wdd->ops->start(wdd);
+	if (watchdog_hw_running(wdd) && wdd->ops->ping)
+		err = wdd->ops->ping(wdd);
+	else
+		err = wdd->ops->start(wdd);
 	if (err == 0) {
 		set_bit(WDOG_ACTIVE, &wdd->status);
 		wdd->last_keepalive = started_at;
@@ -225,10 +229,14 @@ static int watchdog_stop(struct watchdog_device *wdd)
 		goto out_stop;
 	}
 
-	err = wdd->ops->stop(wdd);
+	if (wdd->ops->stop)
+		err = wdd->ops->stop(wdd);
+	else
+		set_bit(WDOG_HW_RUNNING, &wdd->status);
+
 	if (err == 0) {
 		clear_bit(WDOG_ACTIVE, &wdd->status);
-		cancel_delayed_work(&wdd->work);
+		watchdog_update_worker(wdd, true);
 	}
 
 out_stop:
@@ -514,7 +522,7 @@ static int watchdog_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
 	 * If the /dev/watchdog device is open, we don't want the module
 	 * to be unloaded.
 	 */
-	if (!try_module_get(wdd->ops->owner))
+	if (!watchdog_hw_running(wdd) && !try_module_get(wdd->ops->owner))
 		goto out;
 
 	err = watchdog_start(wdd);
@@ -572,9 +580,15 @@ static int watchdog_release(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
 	}
 
 	cancel_delayed_work_sync(&wdd->work);
+	watchdog_update_worker(wdd, false);
 
-	/* Allow the owner module to be unloaded again */
-	module_put(wdd->ops->owner);
+	/*
+	 * Allow the owner module to be unloaded again unless the watchdog
+	 * is still running. If the watchdog is still running, it can not
+	 * be stopped, and its driver must not be unloaded.
+	 */
+	if (!watchdog_hw_running(wdd))
+		module_put(wdd->ops->owner);
 
 	/* make sure that /dev/watchdog can be re-opened */
 	clear_bit(WDOG_DEV_OPEN, &wdd->status);
@@ -647,8 +661,19 @@ int watchdog_dev_register(struct watchdog_device *wdd)
 			misc_deregister(&watchdog_miscdev);
 			old_wdd = NULL;
 		}
+		return err;
 	}
-	return err;
+
+	/*
+	 * If the watchdog is running, prevent its driver from being unloaded,
+	 * and schedule an immediate ping.
+	 */
+	if (watchdog_hw_running(wdd)) {
+		__module_get(wdd->ops->owner);
+		queue_delayed_work(watchdog_wq, &wdd->work, 0);
+	}
+
+	return 0;
 }
 
 /*
diff --git a/include/linux/watchdog.h b/include/linux/watchdog.h
index b535b02b1d7f..98f79db93600 100644
--- a/include/linux/watchdog.h
+++ b/include/linux/watchdog.h
@@ -108,6 +108,7 @@ struct watchdog_device {
 #define WDOG_ALLOW_RELEASE	2	/* Did we receive the magic char ? */
 #define WDOG_NO_WAY_OUT		3	/* Is 'nowayout' feature set ? */
 #define WDOG_UNREGISTERED	4	/* Has the device been unregistered */
+#define WDOG_HW_RUNNING		5	/* True if HW watchdog running */
 	/* the following variables are for internal use only */
 	struct mutex lock;
 	unsigned long last_keepalive;
@@ -124,6 +125,15 @@ static inline bool watchdog_active(struct watchdog_device *wdd)
 	return test_bit(WDOG_ACTIVE, &wdd->status);
 }
 
+/*
+ * Use the following function to check whether or not the hardware watchdog
+ * is running
+ */
+static inline bool watchdog_hw_running(struct watchdog_device *wdd)
+{
+	return test_bit(WDOG_HW_RUNNING, &wdd->status);
+}
+
 /* Use the following function to set the nowayout feature */
 static inline void watchdog_set_nowayout(struct watchdog_device *wdd, bool nowayout)
 {
-- 
2.1.4

[PATCH v6 3/9] watchdog: Make set_timeout function optional

[Guenter Roeck]

For some watchdogs, the hardware timeout is fixed, and the
watchdog driver depends on the watchdog core to handle the
actual timeout. In this situation, the watchdog driver might
only set the 'timeout' variable but do nothing else.
This can as well be handled by the infrastructure, so make
the set_timeout callback optional. If WDIOF_SETTIMEOUT is
configured but the .set_timeout callback is not available,
update the timeout variable in the infrastructure code.

Acked-by: Uwe Kleine-König <u.kleine-koenig@pengutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Guenter Roeck <linux@roeck-us.net>
---
v6: Rebased to v4.4-rc2
v5: Rebased to v4.4-rc1
v4: No changes
v3: No changes
v2: No changes
---
 Documentation/watchdog/watchdog-kernel-api.txt | 5 +++++
 drivers/watchdog/watchdog_dev.c                | 9 ++++++---
 2 files changed, 11 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)

diff --git a/Documentation/watchdog/watchdog-kernel-api.txt b/Documentation/watchdog/watchdog-kernel-api.txt
index 44787ddd59de..f2ee8226d320 100644
--- a/Documentation/watchdog/watchdog-kernel-api.txt
+++ b/Documentation/watchdog/watchdog-kernel-api.txt
@@ -184,6 +184,11 @@ they are supported. These optional routines/operations are:
   (if it is larger than hw_max_timeout_ms), or to the achieved timeout value.
   (Note: the WDIOF_SETTIMEOUT needs to be set in the options field of the
   watchdog's info structure).
+  If the watchdog driver does not have to perform any action but setting the
+  watchdog_device.timeout, this callback can be omitted.
+  If set_timeout is not provided but, WDIOF_SETTIMEOUT is set, the watchdog
+  infrastructure updates the timeout value of the watchdog_device internally
+  to the requested value.
 * get_timeleft: this routines returns the time that's left before a reset.
 * ref: the operation that calls kref_get on the kref of a dynamically
   allocated watchdog_device struct.
diff --git a/drivers/watchdog/watchdog_dev.c b/drivers/watchdog/watchdog_dev.c
index 2c99c3bb2fcf..5dd7319c0169 100644
--- a/drivers/watchdog/watchdog_dev.c
+++ b/drivers/watchdog/watchdog_dev.c
@@ -284,9 +284,9 @@ out_status:
 static int watchdog_set_timeout(struct watchdog_device *wdd,
 							unsigned int timeout)
 {
-	int err;
+	int err = 0;
 
-	if (!wdd->ops->set_timeout || !(wdd->info->options & WDIOF_SETTIMEOUT))
+	if (!(wdd->info->options & WDIOF_SETTIMEOUT))
 		return -EOPNOTSUPP;
 
 	if (watchdog_timeout_invalid(wdd, timeout))
@@ -299,7 +299,10 @@ static int watchdog_set_timeout(struct watchdog_device *wdd,
 		goto out_timeout;
 	}
 
-	err = wdd->ops->set_timeout(wdd, timeout);
+	if (wdd->ops->set_timeout)
+		err = wdd->ops->set_timeout(wdd, timeout);
+	else
+		wdd->timeout = timeout;
 
 	watchdog_update_worker(wdd, true);
 
-- 
2.1.4

[PATCH v6 4/9] watchdog: Add support for minimum time between heartbeats

[Guenter Roeck]

Some watchdogs require a minimum time between heartbeats.
Examples are the watchdogs in DA9062 and AT91SAM9x.

Signed-off-by: Guenter Roeck <linux@roeck-us.net>

---
v6: Rebased to v4.4-rc2
v5: Rebased to v4.4-rc1
    Fixed typo in documentation.
v4: Added patch
---
 Documentation/watchdog/watchdog-kernel-api.txt |  4 ++++
 drivers/watchdog/watchdog_dev.c                | 12 ++++++++++++
 include/linux/watchdog.h                       |  6 ++++++
 3 files changed, 22 insertions(+)

diff --git a/Documentation/watchdog/watchdog-kernel-api.txt b/Documentation/watchdog/watchdog-kernel-api.txt
index f2ee8226d320..b417fdb6caac 100644
--- a/Documentation/watchdog/watchdog-kernel-api.txt
+++ b/Documentation/watchdog/watchdog-kernel-api.txt
@@ -53,11 +53,13 @@ struct watchdog_device {
 	unsigned int timeout;
 	unsigned int min_timeout;
 	unsigned int max_timeout;
+	unsigned int min_hw_heartbeat_ms;
 	unsigned int max_hw_timeout_ms;
 	void *driver_data;
 	unsigned long status;
 	struct mutex lock;
 	unsigned long last_keepalive;
+	unsigned long last_hw_keepalive;
 	struct delayed_work work;
 	struct list_head deferred;
 };
@@ -83,6 +85,8 @@ It contains following fields:
 * max_timeout: the watchdog timer's maximum timeout value (in seconds),
   as seen from userspace. If set, the maximum configurable value for
   'timeout'. Not used if max_hw_timeout_ms is non-zero.
+* min_hw_heartbeat_ms: Minimum time between heartbeats sent to the chip,
+  in milli-seconds.
 * max_hw_timeout_ms: Maximum hardware timeout, in milli-seconds.
   If set, the infrastructure will send heartbeats to the watchdog driver
   if 'timeout' is larger than max_hw_timeout, unless WDOG_ACTIVE
diff --git a/drivers/watchdog/watchdog_dev.c b/drivers/watchdog/watchdog_dev.c
index 5dd7319c0169..82706d43e0c8 100644
--- a/drivers/watchdog/watchdog_dev.c
+++ b/drivers/watchdog/watchdog_dev.c
@@ -111,6 +111,8 @@ static inline void watchdog_update_worker(struct watchdog_device *wdd,
 
 static int _watchdog_ping(struct watchdog_device *wdd)
 {
+	unsigned long earliest_keepalive = wdd->last_hw_keepalive +
+				msecs_to_jiffies(wdd->min_hw_heartbeat_ms);
 	int err;
 
 	if (test_bit(WDOG_UNREGISTERED, &wdd->status))
@@ -119,6 +121,13 @@ static int _watchdog_ping(struct watchdog_device *wdd)
 	if (!watchdog_active(wdd) && !watchdog_hw_running(wdd))
 		return 0;
 
+	if (time_is_after_jiffies(earliest_keepalive)) {
+		mod_delayed_work(watchdog_wq, &wdd->work,
+				 earliest_keepalive - jiffies);
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	wdd->last_hw_keepalive = jiffies;
 	if (wdd->ops->ping)
 		err = wdd->ops->ping(wdd);  /* ping the watchdog */
 	else
@@ -667,6 +676,9 @@ int watchdog_dev_register(struct watchdog_device *wdd)
 		return err;
 	}
 
+	/* Record time of most recent heartbeat as 'just before now'. */
+	wdd->last_hw_keepalive = jiffies - 1;
+
 	/*
 	 * If the watchdog is running, prevent its driver from being unloaded,
 	 * and schedule an immediate ping.
diff --git a/include/linux/watchdog.h b/include/linux/watchdog.h
index 98f79db93600..606dfd55927f 100644
--- a/include/linux/watchdog.h
+++ b/include/linux/watchdog.h
@@ -66,6 +66,8 @@ struct watchdog_ops {
  * @max_timeout:The watchdog devices maximum timeout value (in seconds)
  *		as configurable from user space. Only relevant if
  *		max_hw_timeout_ms is not provided.
+ * @min_hw_heartbeat_ms:
+ *		Minimum time between heartbeats, in milli-seconds.
  * @max_hw_timeout_ms:
  *		Hardware limit for maximum timeout, in milli-seconds.
  *		Replaces max_timeout if specified.
@@ -75,6 +77,8 @@ struct watchdog_ops {
  * @last_keepalive:
  *		Time of most recent keepalive triggered from user space,
  *		in jiffies (watchdog core internal).
+ * @last_hw_keepalive:
+ *		Time of most recent keepalive sent to the driver, in jiffies.
  * @work:	Data structure for worker function (watchdog core internal).
  * @deferred:	entry in wtd_deferred_reg_list which is used to
  *		register early initialized watchdogs.
@@ -99,6 +103,7 @@ struct watchdog_device {
 	unsigned int timeout;
 	unsigned int min_timeout;
 	unsigned int max_timeout;
+	unsigned int min_hw_heartbeat_ms;
 	unsigned int max_hw_timeout_ms;
 	void *driver_data;
 	unsigned long status;
@@ -112,6 +117,7 @@ struct watchdog_device {
 	/* the following variables are for internal use only */
 	struct mutex lock;
 	unsigned long last_keepalive;
+	unsigned long last_hw_keepalive;
 	struct delayed_work work;
 	struct list_head deferred;
 };
-- 
2.1.4

[PATCH v6 5/9] watchdog: Simplify update_worker

[Guenter Roeck]

Drop 'cancel' parameter; simply cancel worker unconditionally
if not needed.

Signed-off-by: Guenter Roeck <linux@roeck-us.net>

---
v6: Rebased to v4.4-rc2
v5: Introduced patch
---
 drivers/watchdog/watchdog_dev.c | 15 +++++++--------
 1 file changed, 7 insertions(+), 8 deletions(-)

diff --git a/drivers/watchdog/watchdog_dev.c b/drivers/watchdog/watchdog_dev.c
index 82706d43e0c8..be65b388e277 100644
--- a/drivers/watchdog/watchdog_dev.c
+++ b/drivers/watchdog/watchdog_dev.c
@@ -96,15 +96,14 @@ static long watchdog_next_keepalive(struct watchdog_device *wdd)
 	return min_t(long, last_heartbeat - jiffies, keepalive_interval);
 }
 
-static inline void watchdog_update_worker(struct watchdog_device *wdd,
-					  bool cancel)
+static inline void watchdog_update_worker(struct watchdog_device *wdd)
 {
 	if (watchdog_need_worker(wdd)) {
 		long t = watchdog_next_keepalive(wdd);
 
 		if (t > 0)
 			mod_delayed_work(watchdog_wq, &wdd->work, t);
-	} else if (cancel) {
+	} else {
 		cancel_delayed_work(&wdd->work);
 	}
 }
@@ -133,7 +132,7 @@ static int _watchdog_ping(struct watchdog_device *wdd)
 	else
 		err = wdd->ops->start(wdd); /* restart watchdog */
 
-	watchdog_update_worker(wdd, false);
+	watchdog_update_worker(wdd);
 
 	return err;
 }
@@ -200,7 +199,7 @@ static int watchdog_start(struct watchdog_device *wdd)
 	if (err == 0) {
 		set_bit(WDOG_ACTIVE, &wdd->status);
 		wdd->last_keepalive = started_at;
-		watchdog_update_worker(wdd, true);
+		watchdog_update_worker(wdd);
 	}
 
 out_start:
@@ -245,7 +244,7 @@ static int watchdog_stop(struct watchdog_device *wdd)
 
 	if (err == 0) {
 		clear_bit(WDOG_ACTIVE, &wdd->status);
-		watchdog_update_worker(wdd, true);
+		watchdog_update_worker(wdd);
 	}
 
 out_stop:
@@ -313,7 +312,7 @@ static int watchdog_set_timeout(struct watchdog_device *wdd,
 	else
 		wdd->timeout = timeout;
 
-	watchdog_update_worker(wdd, true);
+	watchdog_update_worker(wdd);
 
 out_timeout:
 	mutex_unlock(&wdd->lock);
@@ -592,7 +591,7 @@ static int watchdog_release(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
 	}
 
 	cancel_delayed_work_sync(&wdd->work);
-	watchdog_update_worker(wdd, false);
+	watchdog_update_worker(wdd);
 
 	/*
 	 * Allow the owner module to be unloaded again unless the watchdog
-- 
2.1.4

[RFT PATCH v6 6/9] watchdog: imx2: Convert to use infrastructure triggered keepalives

[Guenter Roeck]

The watchdog infrastructure now supports handling watchdog keepalive
if the watchdog is running while the watchdog device is closed.
Convert the driver to use this infrastructure.

Signed-off-by: Guenter Roeck <linux@roeck-us.net>
---
v6: Rename WDOG_RUNNING to WDOG_HW_RUNNING
    Rebased to v4.4-rc2
v5: Rebased to v4.4-rc1
v4: No changes
v3: No changes
v2: No changes
---
 drivers/watchdog/imx2_wdt.c | 72 ++++++++-------------------------------------
 1 file changed, 12 insertions(+), 60 deletions(-)

diff --git a/drivers/watchdog/imx2_wdt.c b/drivers/watchdog/imx2_wdt.c
index 29ef719a6a3c..610888cc8f85 100644
--- a/drivers/watchdog/imx2_wdt.c
+++ b/drivers/watchdog/imx2_wdt.c
@@ -25,7 +25,6 @@
 #include <linux/delay.h>
 #include <linux/init.h>
 #include <linux/io.h>
-#include <linux/jiffies.h>
 #include <linux/kernel.h>
 #include <linux/module.h>
 #include <linux/moduleparam.h>
@@ -34,7 +33,6 @@
 #include <linux/platform_device.h>
 #include <linux/reboot.h>
 #include <linux/regmap.h>
-#include <linux/timer.h>
 #include <linux/watchdog.h>
 
 #define DRIVER_NAME "imx2-wdt"
@@ -62,7 +60,6 @@
 struct imx2_wdt_device {
 	struct clk *clk;
 	struct regmap *regmap;
-	struct timer_list timer;	/* Pings the watchdog when closed */
 	struct watchdog_device wdog;
 	struct notifier_block restart_handler;
 };
@@ -151,16 +148,6 @@ static int imx2_wdt_ping(struct watchdog_device *wdog)
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static void imx2_wdt_timer_ping(unsigned long arg)
-{
-	struct watchdog_device *wdog = (struct watchdog_device *)arg;
-	struct imx2_wdt_device *wdev = watchdog_get_drvdata(wdog);
-
-	/* ping it every wdog->timeout / 2 seconds to prevent reboot */
-	imx2_wdt_ping(wdog);
-	mod_timer(&wdev->timer, jiffies + wdog->timeout * HZ / 2);
-}
-
 static int imx2_wdt_set_timeout(struct watchdog_device *wdog,
 				unsigned int new_timeout)
 {
@@ -177,40 +164,19 @@ static int imx2_wdt_start(struct watchdog_device *wdog)
 {
 	struct imx2_wdt_device *wdev = watchdog_get_drvdata(wdog);
 
-	if (imx2_wdt_is_running(wdev)) {
-		/* delete the timer that pings the watchdog after close */
-		del_timer_sync(&wdev->timer);
+	if (imx2_wdt_is_running(wdev))
 		imx2_wdt_set_timeout(wdog, wdog->timeout);
-	} else
+	else
 		imx2_wdt_setup(wdog);
 
-	return imx2_wdt_ping(wdog);
-}
-
-static int imx2_wdt_stop(struct watchdog_device *wdog)
-{
-	/*
-	 * We don't need a clk_disable, it cannot be disabled once started.
-	 * We use a timer to ping the watchdog while /dev/watchdog is closed
-	 */
-	imx2_wdt_timer_ping((unsigned long)wdog);
-	return 0;
-}
-
-static inline void imx2_wdt_ping_if_active(struct watchdog_device *wdog)
-{
-	struct imx2_wdt_device *wdev = watchdog_get_drvdata(wdog);
+	set_bit(WDOG_HW_RUNNING, &wdog->status);
 
-	if (imx2_wdt_is_running(wdev)) {
-		imx2_wdt_set_timeout(wdog, wdog->timeout);
-		imx2_wdt_timer_ping((unsigned long)wdog);
-	}
+	return imx2_wdt_ping(wdog);
 }
 
 static const struct watchdog_ops imx2_wdt_ops = {
 	.owner = THIS_MODULE,
 	.start = imx2_wdt_start,
-	.stop = imx2_wdt_stop,
 	.ping = imx2_wdt_ping,
 	.set_timeout = imx2_wdt_set_timeout,
 };
@@ -277,9 +243,10 @@ static int __init imx2_wdt_probe(struct platform_device *pdev)
 	watchdog_set_nowayout(wdog, nowayout);
 	watchdog_init_timeout(wdog, timeout, &pdev->dev);
 
-	setup_timer(&wdev->timer, imx2_wdt_timer_ping, (unsigned long)wdog);
-
-	imx2_wdt_ping_if_active(wdog);
+	if (imx2_wdt_is_running(wdev)) {
+		imx2_wdt_set_timeout(wdog, wdog->timeout);
+		set_bit(WDOG_HW_RUNNING, &wdog->status);
+	}
 
 	/*
 	 * Disable the watchdog power down counter at boot. Otherwise the power
@@ -320,7 +287,6 @@ static int __exit imx2_wdt_remove(struct platform_device *pdev)
 	watchdog_unregister_device(wdog);
 
 	if (imx2_wdt_is_running(wdev)) {
-		del_timer_sync(&wdev->timer);
 		imx2_wdt_ping(wdog);
 		dev_crit(&pdev->dev, "Device removed: Expect reboot!\n");
 	}
@@ -334,10 +300,9 @@ static void imx2_wdt_shutdown(struct platform_device *pdev)
 
 	if (imx2_wdt_is_running(wdev)) {
 		/*
-		 * We are running, we need to delete the timer but will
-		 * give max timeout before reboot will take place
+		 * We are running, configure max timeout before reboot
+		 * will take place.
 		 */
-		del_timer_sync(&wdev->timer);
 		imx2_wdt_set_timeout(wdog, IMX2_WDT_MAX_TIME);
 		imx2_wdt_ping(wdog);
 		dev_crit(&pdev->dev, "Device shutdown: Expect reboot!\n");
@@ -355,10 +320,6 @@ static int imx2_wdt_suspend(struct device *dev)
 	if (imx2_wdt_is_running(wdev)) {
 		imx2_wdt_set_timeout(wdog, IMX2_WDT_MAX_TIME);
 		imx2_wdt_ping(wdog);
-
-		/* The watchdog is not active */
-		if (!watchdog_active(wdog))
-			del_timer_sync(&wdev->timer);
 	}
 
 	clk_disable_unprepare(wdev->clk);
@@ -384,19 +345,10 @@ static int imx2_wdt_resume(struct device *dev)
 		 * watchdog again.
 		 */
 		imx2_wdt_setup(wdog);
+	}
+	if (imx2_wdt_is_running(wdev)) {
 		imx2_wdt_set_timeout(wdog, wdog->timeout);
 		imx2_wdt_ping(wdog);
-	} else if (imx2_wdt_is_running(wdev)) {
-		/* Resuming from non-deep sleep state. */
-		imx2_wdt_set_timeout(wdog, wdog->timeout);
-		imx2_wdt_ping(wdog);
-		/*
-		 * But the watchdog is not active, then start
-		 * the timer again.
-		 */
-		if (!watchdog_active(wdog))
-			mod_timer(&wdev->timer,
-				  jiffies + wdog->timeout * HZ / 2);
 	}
 
 	return 0;
-- 
2.1.4

[RFT PATCH v6 7/9] watchdog: retu: Convert to use infrastructure triggered keepalives

[Guenter Roeck]

The watchdog infrastructure now supports handling watchdog keepalive
if the watchdog is running while the watchdog device is closed.
Convert the driver to use this infrastructure.

Signed-off-by: Guenter Roeck <linux@roeck-us.net>
---
v6: Rename WDOG_RUNNING to WDOG_HW_RUNNING
    Rebased to v4.4-rc2
v5: Rebased to v4.4-rc1
v4: No changes
v3: No changes
v2: No changes
---
 drivers/watchdog/retu_wdt.c | 78 ++++-----------------------------------------
 1 file changed, 7 insertions(+), 71 deletions(-)

diff --git a/drivers/watchdog/retu_wdt.c b/drivers/watchdog/retu_wdt.c
index 39cd51df2ffc..6a8508d24fcb 100644
--- a/drivers/watchdog/retu_wdt.c
+++ b/drivers/watchdog/retu_wdt.c
@@ -28,69 +28,22 @@
 /* Watchdog timer values in seconds */
 #define RETU_WDT_MAX_TIMER	63
 
-struct retu_wdt_dev {
-	struct retu_dev		*rdev;
-	struct device		*dev;
-	struct delayed_work	ping_work;
-};
-
-/*
- * Since Retu watchdog cannot be disabled in hardware, we must kick it
- * with a timer until userspace watchdog software takes over. If
- * CONFIG_WATCHDOG_NOWAYOUT is set, we never start the feeding.
- */
-static void retu_wdt_ping_enable(struct retu_wdt_dev *wdev)
-{
-	retu_write(wdev->rdev, RETU_REG_WATCHDOG, RETU_WDT_MAX_TIMER);
-	schedule_delayed_work(&wdev->ping_work,
-			round_jiffies_relative(RETU_WDT_MAX_TIMER * HZ / 2));
-}
-
-static void retu_wdt_ping_disable(struct retu_wdt_dev *wdev)
-{
-	retu_write(wdev->rdev, RETU_REG_WATCHDOG, RETU_WDT_MAX_TIMER);
-	cancel_delayed_work_sync(&wdev->ping_work);
-}
-
-static void retu_wdt_ping_work(struct work_struct *work)
-{
-	struct retu_wdt_dev *wdev = container_of(to_delayed_work(work),
-						struct retu_wdt_dev, ping_work);
-	retu_wdt_ping_enable(wdev);
-}
-
 static int retu_wdt_start(struct watchdog_device *wdog)
 {
-	struct retu_wdt_dev *wdev = watchdog_get_drvdata(wdog);
+	struct retu_dev *rdev = watchdog_get_drvdata(wdog);
 
-	retu_wdt_ping_disable(wdev);
+	set_bit(WDOG_HW_RUNNING, &wdog->status);
 
-	return retu_write(wdev->rdev, RETU_REG_WATCHDOG, wdog->timeout);
-}
-
-static int retu_wdt_stop(struct watchdog_device *wdog)
-{
-	struct retu_wdt_dev *wdev = watchdog_get_drvdata(wdog);
-
-	retu_wdt_ping_enable(wdev);
-
-	return 0;
-}
-
-static int retu_wdt_ping(struct watchdog_device *wdog)
-{
-	struct retu_wdt_dev *wdev = watchdog_get_drvdata(wdog);
-
-	return retu_write(wdev->rdev, RETU_REG_WATCHDOG, wdog->timeout);
+	return retu_write(rdev, RETU_REG_WATCHDOG, wdog->timeout);
 }
 
 static int retu_wdt_set_timeout(struct watchdog_device *wdog,
 				unsigned int timeout)
 {
-	struct retu_wdt_dev *wdev = watchdog_get_drvdata(wdog);
+	struct retu_dev *rdev = watchdog_get_drvdata(wdog);
 
 	wdog->timeout = timeout;
-	return retu_write(wdev->rdev, RETU_REG_WATCHDOG, wdog->timeout);
+	return retu_write(rdev, RETU_REG_WATCHDOG, wdog->timeout);
 }
 
 static const struct watchdog_info retu_wdt_info = {
@@ -101,8 +54,6 @@ static const struct watchdog_info retu_wdt_info = {
 static const struct watchdog_ops retu_wdt_ops = {
 	.owner		= THIS_MODULE,
 	.start		= retu_wdt_start,
-	.stop		= retu_wdt_stop,
-	.ping		= retu_wdt_ping,
 	.set_timeout	= retu_wdt_set_timeout,
 };
 
@@ -111,17 +62,12 @@ static int retu_wdt_probe(struct platform_device *pdev)
 	struct retu_dev *rdev = dev_get_drvdata(pdev->dev.parent);
 	bool nowayout = WATCHDOG_NOWAYOUT;
 	struct watchdog_device *retu_wdt;
-	struct retu_wdt_dev *wdev;
 	int ret;
 
 	retu_wdt = devm_kzalloc(&pdev->dev, sizeof(*retu_wdt), GFP_KERNEL);
 	if (!retu_wdt)
 		return -ENOMEM;
 
-	wdev = devm_kzalloc(&pdev->dev, sizeof(*wdev), GFP_KERNEL);
-	if (!wdev)
-		return -ENOMEM;
-
 	retu_wdt->info		= &retu_wdt_info;
 	retu_wdt->ops		= &retu_wdt_ops;
 	retu_wdt->timeout	= RETU_WDT_MAX_TIMER;
@@ -129,22 +75,14 @@ static int retu_wdt_probe(struct platform_device *pdev)
 	retu_wdt->max_timeout	= RETU_WDT_MAX_TIMER;
 	retu_wdt->parent	= &pdev->dev;
 
-	watchdog_set_drvdata(retu_wdt, wdev);
+	watchdog_set_drvdata(retu_wdt, rdev);
 	watchdog_set_nowayout(retu_wdt, nowayout);
 
-	wdev->rdev		= rdev;
-	wdev->dev		= &pdev->dev;
-
-	INIT_DELAYED_WORK(&wdev->ping_work, retu_wdt_ping_work);
-
 	ret = watchdog_register_device(retu_wdt);
 	if (ret < 0)
 		return ret;
 
-	if (nowayout)
-		retu_wdt_ping(retu_wdt);
-	else
-		retu_wdt_ping_enable(wdev);
+	retu_wdt_start(retu_wdt);
 
 	platform_set_drvdata(pdev, retu_wdt);
 
@@ -154,10 +92,8 @@ static int retu_wdt_probe(struct platform_device *pdev)
 static int retu_wdt_remove(struct platform_device *pdev)
 {
 	struct watchdog_device *wdog = platform_get_drvdata(pdev);
-	struct retu_wdt_dev *wdev = watchdog_get_drvdata(wdog);
 
 	watchdog_unregister_device(wdog);
-	cancel_delayed_work_sync(&wdev->ping_work);
 
 	return 0;
 }
-- 
2.1.4

[RFT PATCH v6 8/9] watchdog: at91sam9: Convert to use infrastructure triggered keepalives

[Guenter Roeck]

The watchdog infrastructure now supports handling watchdog keepalive
if the watchdog is running while the watchdog device is closed.
The infrastructure now also supports generating additional heartbeats
if the maximum hardware timeout is smaller than or close to the
configured timeout. Convert the driver to use this
infrastructure.

Signed-off-by: Guenter Roeck <linux@roeck-us.net>
---
v6: Rebased to v4.4-rc2
v5: Rebased to v4.4-rc1
v4: No changes
v3: No changes
v2: No changes
---
 drivers/watchdog/at91sam9_wdt.c | 103 +++++-----------------------------------
 1 file changed, 12 insertions(+), 91 deletions(-)

diff --git a/drivers/watchdog/at91sam9_wdt.c b/drivers/watchdog/at91sam9_wdt.c
index 7e6acaf3ece4..a1c1c79b700e 100644
--- a/drivers/watchdog/at91sam9_wdt.c
+++ b/drivers/watchdog/at91sam9_wdt.c
@@ -30,7 +30,6 @@
 #include <linux/types.h>
 #include <linux/watchdog.h>
 #include <linux/jiffies.h>
-#include <linux/timer.h>
 #include <linux/bitops.h>
 #include <linux/uaccess.h>
 #include <linux/of.h>
@@ -49,8 +48,8 @@
  * use this to convert a watchdog
  * value from/to milliseconds.
  */
-#define ticks_to_hz_rounddown(t)	((((t) + 1) * HZ) >> 8)
-#define ticks_to_hz_roundup(t)		(((((t) + 1) * HZ) + 255) >> 8)
+#define ticks_to_ms_rounddown(t)	((((t) + 1) * 1000) >> 8)
+#define ticks_to_ms_roundup(t)		(((((t) + 1) * 1000) + 255) >> 8)
 #define ticks_to_secs(t)		(((t) + 1) >> 8)
 #define secs_to_ticks(s)		((s) ? (((s) << 8) - 1) : 0)
 
@@ -65,9 +64,6 @@
 /* Hardware timeout in seconds */
 #define WDT_HW_TIMEOUT 2
 
-/* Timer heartbeat (500ms) */
-#define WDT_TIMEOUT	(HZ/2)
-
 /* User land timeout */
 #define WDT_HEARTBEAT 15
 static int heartbeat;
@@ -84,11 +80,8 @@ MODULE_PARM_DESC(nowayout, "Watchdog cannot be stopped once started "
 struct at91wdt {
 	struct watchdog_device wdd;
 	void __iomem *base;
-	unsigned long next_heartbeat;	/* the next_heartbeat for the timer */
-	struct timer_list timer;	/* The timer that pings the watchdog */
 	u32 mr;
 	u32 mr_mask;
-	unsigned long heartbeat;	/* WDT heartbeat in jiffies */
 	bool nowayout;
 	unsigned int irq;
 	struct clk *sclk;
@@ -109,47 +102,13 @@ static irqreturn_t wdt_interrupt(int irq, void *dev_id)
 	return IRQ_HANDLED;
 }
 
-/*
- * Reload the watchdog timer.  (ie, pat the watchdog)
- */
-static inline void at91_wdt_reset(struct at91wdt *wdt)
-{
-	wdt_write(wdt, AT91_WDT_CR, AT91_WDT_KEY | AT91_WDT_WDRSTT);
-}
-
-/*
- * Timer tick
- */
-static void at91_ping(unsigned long data)
-{
-	struct at91wdt *wdt = (struct at91wdt *)data;
-	if (time_before(jiffies, wdt->next_heartbeat) ||
-	    !watchdog_active(&wdt->wdd)) {
-		at91_wdt_reset(wdt);
-		mod_timer(&wdt->timer, jiffies + wdt->heartbeat);
-	} else {
-		pr_crit("I will reset your machine !\n");
-	}
-}
-
 static int at91_wdt_start(struct watchdog_device *wdd)
 {
 	struct at91wdt *wdt = to_wdt(wdd);
-	/* calculate when the next userspace timeout will be */
-	wdt->next_heartbeat = jiffies + wdd->timeout * HZ;
-	return 0;
-}
 
-static int at91_wdt_stop(struct watchdog_device *wdd)
-{
-	/* The watchdog timer hardware can not be stopped... */
-	return 0;
-}
+	wdt_write(wdt, AT91_WDT_CR, AT91_WDT_KEY | AT91_WDT_WDRSTT);
 
-static int at91_wdt_set_timeout(struct watchdog_device *wdd, unsigned int new_timeout)
-{
-	wdd->timeout = new_timeout;
-	return at91_wdt_start(wdd);
+	return 0;
 }
 
 static int at91_wdt_init(struct platform_device *pdev, struct at91wdt *wdt)
@@ -159,8 +118,8 @@ static int at91_wdt_init(struct platform_device *pdev, struct at91wdt *wdt)
 	u32 value;
 	int err;
 	u32 mask = wdt->mr_mask;
-	unsigned long min_heartbeat = 1;
-	unsigned long max_heartbeat;
+	unsigned int min_timeout = jiffies_to_msecs(1);
+	unsigned int hw_timeout;
 	struct device *dev = &pdev->dev;
 
 	tmp = wdt_read(wdt, AT91_WDT_MR);
@@ -182,31 +141,15 @@ static int at91_wdt_init(struct platform_device *pdev, struct at91wdt *wdt)
 	delta = (tmp & AT91_WDT_WDD) >> 16;
 
 	if (delta < value)
-		min_heartbeat = ticks_to_hz_roundup(value - delta);
+		min_timeout = ticks_to_ms_roundup(value - delta);
 
-	max_heartbeat = ticks_to_hz_rounddown(value);
-	if (!max_heartbeat) {
+	hw_timeout = ticks_to_ms_rounddown(value);
+	if (hw_timeout < min_timeout * 2) {
 		dev_err(dev,
 			"heartbeat is too small for the system to handle it correctly\n");
 		return -EINVAL;
 	}
-
-	/*
-	 * Try to reset the watchdog counter 4 or 2 times more often than
-	 * actually requested, to avoid spurious watchdog reset.
-	 * If this is not possible because of the min_heartbeat value, reset
-	 * it at the min_heartbeat period.
-	 */
-	if ((max_heartbeat / 4) >= min_heartbeat)
-		wdt->heartbeat = max_heartbeat / 4;
-	else if ((max_heartbeat / 2) >= min_heartbeat)
-		wdt->heartbeat = max_heartbeat / 2;
-	else
-		wdt->heartbeat = min_heartbeat;
-
-	if (max_heartbeat < min_heartbeat + 4)
-		dev_warn(dev,
-			 "min heartbeat and max heartbeat might be too close for the system to handle it correctly\n");
+	wdt->wdd.max_hw_timeout_ms = hw_timeout;
 
 	if ((tmp & AT91_WDT_WDFIEN) && wdt->irq) {
 		err = request_irq(wdt->irq, wdt_interrupt,
@@ -222,32 +165,12 @@ static int at91_wdt_init(struct platform_device *pdev, struct at91wdt *wdt)
 			 "watchdog already configured differently (mr = %x expecting %x)\n",
 			 tmp & wdt->mr_mask, wdt->mr & wdt->mr_mask);
 
-	setup_timer(&wdt->timer, at91_ping, (unsigned long)wdt);
-
-	/*
-	 * Use min_heartbeat the first time to avoid spurious watchdog reset:
-	 * we don't know for how long the watchdog counter is running, and
-	 *  - resetting it right now might trigger a watchdog fault reset
-	 *  - waiting for heartbeat time might lead to a watchdog timeout
-	 *    reset
-	 */
-	mod_timer(&wdt->timer, jiffies + min_heartbeat);
-
 	/* Try to set timeout from device tree first */
 	if (watchdog_init_timeout(&wdt->wdd, 0, dev))
 		watchdog_init_timeout(&wdt->wdd, heartbeat, dev);
 	watchdog_set_nowayout(&wdt->wdd, wdt->nowayout);
-	err = watchdog_register_device(&wdt->wdd);
-	if (err)
-		goto out_stop_timer;
-
-	wdt->next_heartbeat = jiffies + wdt->wdd.timeout * HZ;
 
-	return 0;
-
-out_stop_timer:
-	del_timer(&wdt->timer);
-	return err;
+	return watchdog_register_device(&wdt->wdd);
 }
 
 /* ......................................................................... */
@@ -261,8 +184,6 @@ static const struct watchdog_info at91_wdt_info = {
 static const struct watchdog_ops at91_wdt_ops = {
 	.owner =	THIS_MODULE,
 	.start =	at91_wdt_start,
-	.stop =		at91_wdt_stop,
-	.set_timeout =	at91_wdt_set_timeout,
 };
 
 #if defined(CONFIG_OF)
@@ -393,7 +314,7 @@ static int __exit at91wdt_remove(struct platform_device *pdev)
 	watchdog_unregister_device(&wdt->wdd);
 
 	pr_warn("I quit now, hardware will probably reboot!\n");
-	del_timer(&wdt->timer);
+
 	clk_disable_unprepare(wdt->sclk);
 
 	return 0;
-- 
2.1.4

[RFT PATCH v6 9/9] watchdog: dw_wdt: Convert to use watchdog infrastructure

[Guenter Roeck]

Convert driver to use watchdog infrastructure. This includes
infrastructure support to handle watchdog keepalive if the watchdog
is running while the watchdog device is closed.

Signed-off-by: Guenter Roeck <linux@roeck-us.net>

---
v6: Added patch
---
 drivers/watchdog/Kconfig  |   1 +
 drivers/watchdog/dw_wdt.c | 322 ++++++++++++++++------------------------------
 2 files changed, 114 insertions(+), 209 deletions(-)

diff --git a/drivers/watchdog/Kconfig b/drivers/watchdog/Kconfig
index 7a8a6c6952e9..886468aa4d83 100644
--- a/drivers/watchdog/Kconfig
+++ b/drivers/watchdog/Kconfig
@@ -291,6 +291,7 @@ config SA1100_WATCHDOG
 config DW_WATCHDOG
 	tristate "Synopsys DesignWare watchdog"
 	depends on HAS_IOMEM
+	select WATCHDOG_CORE
 	help
 	  Say Y here if to include support for the Synopsys DesignWare
 	  watchdog timer found in many chips.
diff --git a/drivers/watchdog/dw_wdt.c b/drivers/watchdog/dw_wdt.c
index 6ea0634345e9..c22effe47f57 100644
--- a/drivers/watchdog/dw_wdt.c
+++ b/drivers/watchdog/dw_wdt.c
@@ -10,11 +10,6 @@
  * This file implements a driver for the Synopsys DesignWare watchdog device
  * in the many subsystems. The watchdog has 16 different timeout periods
  * and these are a function of the input clock frequency.
- *
- * The DesignWare watchdog cannot be stopped once it has been started so we
- * use a software timer to implement a ping that will keep the watchdog alive.
- * If we receive an expected close for the watchdog then we keep the timer
- * running, otherwise the timer is stopped and the watchdog will expire.
  */
 
 #define pr_fmt(fmt) KBUILD_MODNAME ": " fmt
@@ -22,12 +17,9 @@
 #include <linux/bitops.h>
 #include <linux/clk.h>
 #include <linux/delay.h>
-#include <linux/device.h>
 #include <linux/err.h>
-#include <linux/fs.h>
 #include <linux/io.h>
 #include <linux/kernel.h>
-#include <linux/miscdevice.h>
 #include <linux/module.h>
 #include <linux/moduleparam.h>
 #include <linux/notifier.h>
@@ -35,8 +27,6 @@
 #include <linux/pm.h>
 #include <linux/platform_device.h>
 #include <linux/reboot.h>
-#include <linux/timer.h>
-#include <linux/uaccess.h>
 #include <linux/watchdog.h>
 
 #define WDOG_CONTROL_REG_OFFSET		    0x00
@@ -57,53 +47,50 @@ module_param(nowayout, bool, 0);
 MODULE_PARM_DESC(nowayout, "Watchdog cannot be stopped once started "
 		 "(default=" __MODULE_STRING(WATCHDOG_NOWAYOUT) ")");
 
-#define WDT_TIMEOUT		(HZ / 2)
-
-static struct {
+struct dw_wdt {
 	void __iomem		*regs;
 	struct clk		*clk;
-	unsigned long		in_use;
-	unsigned long		next_heartbeat;
-	struct timer_list	timer;
-	int			expect_close;
 	struct notifier_block	restart_handler;
-} dw_wdt;
+	struct watchdog_device	wdd;
+};
 
-static inline int dw_wdt_is_enabled(void)
+#define to_dw_wdt(wdd)	container_of(wdd, struct dw_wdt, wdd)
+
+static inline int dw_wdt_is_enabled(struct dw_wdt *dw_wdt)
 {
-	return readl(dw_wdt.regs + WDOG_CONTROL_REG_OFFSET) &
+	return readl(dw_wdt->regs + WDOG_CONTROL_REG_OFFSET) &
 		WDOG_CONTROL_REG_WDT_EN_MASK;
 }
 
-static inline int dw_wdt_top_in_seconds(unsigned top)
+static inline int dw_wdt_top_in_seconds(struct dw_wdt *dw_wdt, unsigned top)
 {
 	/*
 	 * There are 16 possible timeout values in 0..15 where the number of
 	 * cycles is 2 ^ (16 + i) and the watchdog counts down.
 	 */
-	return (1 << (16 + top)) / clk_get_rate(dw_wdt.clk);
+	return (1 << (16 + top)) / clk_get_rate(dw_wdt->clk);
 }
 
-static int dw_wdt_get_top(void)
+static int dw_wdt_get_top(struct dw_wdt *dw_wdt)
 {
-	int top = readl(dw_wdt.regs + WDOG_TIMEOUT_RANGE_REG_OFFSET) & 0xF;
+	int top = readl(dw_wdt->regs + WDOG_TIMEOUT_RANGE_REG_OFFSET) & 0xF;
 
-	return dw_wdt_top_in_seconds(top);
+	return dw_wdt_top_in_seconds(dw_wdt, top);
 }
 
-static inline void dw_wdt_set_next_heartbeat(void)
+static int dw_wdt_ping(struct watchdog_device *wdd)
 {
-	dw_wdt.next_heartbeat = jiffies + dw_wdt_get_top() * HZ;
-}
+	struct dw_wdt *dw_wdt = to_dw_wdt(wdd);
 
-static void dw_wdt_keepalive(void)
-{
-	writel(WDOG_COUNTER_RESTART_KICK_VALUE, dw_wdt.regs +
+	writel(WDOG_COUNTER_RESTART_KICK_VALUE, dw_wdt->regs +
 	       WDOG_COUNTER_RESTART_REG_OFFSET);
+
+	return 0;
 }
 
-static int dw_wdt_set_top(unsigned top_s)
+static int dw_wdt_set_timeout(struct watchdog_device *wdd, unsigned int top_s)
 {
+	struct dw_wdt *dw_wdt = to_dw_wdt(wdd);
 	int i, top_val = DW_WDT_MAX_TOP;
 
 	/*
@@ -111,7 +98,7 @@ static int dw_wdt_set_top(unsigned top_s)
 	 * always look for >=.
 	 */
 	for (i = 0; i <= DW_WDT_MAX_TOP; ++i)
-		if (dw_wdt_top_in_seconds(i) >= top_s) {
+		if (dw_wdt_top_in_seconds(dw_wdt, i) >= top_s) {
 			top_val = i;
 			break;
 		}
@@ -123,33 +110,43 @@ static int dw_wdt_set_top(unsigned top_s)
 	 * effectively get a pat of the watchdog right here.
 	 */
 	writel(top_val | top_val << WDOG_TIMEOUT_RANGE_TOPINIT_SHIFT,
-		dw_wdt.regs + WDOG_TIMEOUT_RANGE_REG_OFFSET);
+	       dw_wdt->regs + WDOG_TIMEOUT_RANGE_REG_OFFSET);
 
-	/*
-	 * Add an explicit pat to handle versions of the watchdog that
-	 * don't have TOPINIT.  This won't hurt on versions that have
-	 * it.
-	 */
-	dw_wdt_keepalive();
+	wdd->timeout = dw_wdt_top_in_seconds(dw_wdt, top_val);
 
-	dw_wdt_set_next_heartbeat();
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int dw_wdt_start(struct watchdog_device *wdd)
+{
+	struct dw_wdt *dw_wdt = to_dw_wdt(wdd);
 
-	return dw_wdt_top_in_seconds(top_val);
+	dw_wdt_set_timeout(wdd, wdd->timeout);
+
+	set_bit(WDOG_HW_RUNNING, &wdd->status);
+
+	writel(WDOG_CONTROL_REG_WDT_EN_MASK,
+	       dw_wdt->regs + WDOG_CONTROL_REG_OFFSET);
+
+	return 0;
 }
 
 static int dw_wdt_restart_handle(struct notifier_block *this,
-				unsigned long mode, void *cmd)
+				 unsigned long mode, void *cmd)
 {
+	struct dw_wdt *dw_wdt;
 	u32 val;
 
-	writel(0, dw_wdt.regs + WDOG_TIMEOUT_RANGE_REG_OFFSET);
-	val = readl(dw_wdt.regs + WDOG_CONTROL_REG_OFFSET);
+	dw_wdt = container_of(this, struct dw_wdt, restart_handler);
+
+	writel(0, dw_wdt->regs + WDOG_TIMEOUT_RANGE_REG_OFFSET);
+	val = readl(dw_wdt->regs + WDOG_CONTROL_REG_OFFSET);
 	if (val & WDOG_CONTROL_REG_WDT_EN_MASK)
-		writel(WDOG_COUNTER_RESTART_KICK_VALUE, dw_wdt.regs +
-			WDOG_COUNTER_RESTART_REG_OFFSET);
+		writel(WDOG_COUNTER_RESTART_KICK_VALUE,
+		       dw_wdt->regs + WDOG_COUNTER_RESTART_REG_OFFSET);
 	else
 		writel(WDOG_CONTROL_REG_WDT_EN_MASK,
-		       dw_wdt.regs + WDOG_CONTROL_REG_OFFSET);
+		       dw_wdt->regs + WDOG_CONTROL_REG_OFFSET);
 
 	/* wait for reset to assert... */
 	mdelay(500);
@@ -157,74 +154,12 @@ static int dw_wdt_restart_handle(struct notifier_block *this,
 	return NOTIFY_DONE;
 }
 
-static void dw_wdt_ping(unsigned long data)
+static unsigned int dw_wdt_get_timeleft(struct watchdog_device *wdd)
 {
-	if (time_before(jiffies, dw_wdt.next_heartbeat) ||
-	    (!nowayout && !dw_wdt.in_use)) {
-		dw_wdt_keepalive();
-		mod_timer(&dw_wdt.timer, jiffies + WDT_TIMEOUT);
-	} else
-		pr_crit("keepalive missed, machine will reset\n");
-}
+	struct dw_wdt *dw_wdt = to_dw_wdt(wdd);
 
-static int dw_wdt_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *filp)
-{
-	if (test_and_set_bit(0, &dw_wdt.in_use))
-		return -EBUSY;
-
-	/* Make sure we don't get unloaded. */
-	__module_get(THIS_MODULE);
-
-	if (!dw_wdt_is_enabled()) {
-		/*
-		 * The watchdog is not currently enabled. Set the timeout to
-		 * something reasonable and then start it.
-		 */
-		dw_wdt_set_top(DW_WDT_DEFAULT_SECONDS);
-		writel(WDOG_CONTROL_REG_WDT_EN_MASK,
-		       dw_wdt.regs + WDOG_CONTROL_REG_OFFSET);
-	}
-
-	dw_wdt_set_next_heartbeat();
-
-	return nonseekable_open(inode, filp);
-}
-
-static ssize_t dw_wdt_write(struct file *filp, const char __user *buf,
-			    size_t len, loff_t *offset)
-{
-	if (!len)
-		return 0;
-
-	if (!nowayout) {
-		size_t i;
-
-		dw_wdt.expect_close = 0;
-
-		for (i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
-			char c;
-
-			if (get_user(c, buf + i))
-				return -EFAULT;
-
-			if (c == 'V') {
-				dw_wdt.expect_close = 1;
-				break;
-			}
-		}
-	}
-
-	dw_wdt_set_next_heartbeat();
-	dw_wdt_keepalive();
-	mod_timer(&dw_wdt.timer, jiffies + WDT_TIMEOUT);
-
-	return len;
-}
-
-static u32 dw_wdt_time_left(void)
-{
-	return readl(dw_wdt.regs + WDOG_CURRENT_COUNT_REG_OFFSET) /
-		clk_get_rate(dw_wdt.clk);
+	return readl(dw_wdt->regs + WDOG_CURRENT_COUNT_REG_OFFSET) /
+		clk_get_rate(dw_wdt->clk);
 }
 
 static const struct watchdog_info dw_wdt_ident = {
@@ -233,78 +168,33 @@ static const struct watchdog_info dw_wdt_ident = {
 	.identity	= "Synopsys DesignWare Watchdog",
 };
 
-static long dw_wdt_ioctl(struct file *filp, unsigned int cmd, unsigned long arg)
-{
-	unsigned long val;
-	int timeout;
-
-	switch (cmd) {
-	case WDIOC_GETSUPPORT:
-		return copy_to_user((void __user *)arg, &dw_wdt_ident,
-				    sizeof(dw_wdt_ident)) ? -EFAULT : 0;
-
-	case WDIOC_GETSTATUS:
-	case WDIOC_GETBOOTSTATUS:
-		return put_user(0, (int __user *)arg);
-
-	case WDIOC_KEEPALIVE:
-		dw_wdt_set_next_heartbeat();
-		return 0;
-
-	case WDIOC_SETTIMEOUT:
-		if (get_user(val, (int __user *)arg))
-			return -EFAULT;
-		timeout = dw_wdt_set_top(val);
-		return put_user(timeout , (int __user *)arg);
-
-	case WDIOC_GETTIMEOUT:
-		return put_user(dw_wdt_get_top(), (int __user *)arg);
-
-	case WDIOC_GETTIMELEFT:
-		/* Get the time left until expiry. */
-		if (get_user(val, (int __user *)arg))
-			return -EFAULT;
-		return put_user(dw_wdt_time_left(), (int __user *)arg);
-
-	default:
-		return -ENOTTY;
-	}
-}
-
-static int dw_wdt_release(struct inode *inode, struct file *filp)
-{
-	clear_bit(0, &dw_wdt.in_use);
-
-	if (!dw_wdt.expect_close) {
-		del_timer(&dw_wdt.timer);
-
-		if (!nowayout)
-			pr_crit("unexpected close, system will reboot soon\n");
-		else
-			pr_crit("watchdog cannot be disabled, system will reboot soon\n");
-	}
-
-	dw_wdt.expect_close = 0;
-
-	return 0;
-}
+static const struct watchdog_ops dw_wdt_ops = {
+	.owner		= THIS_MODULE,
+	.start		= dw_wdt_start,
+	.ping		= dw_wdt_ping,
+	.set_timeout	= dw_wdt_set_timeout,
+	.get_timeleft	= dw_wdt_get_timeleft,
+};
 
 #ifdef CONFIG_PM_SLEEP
 static int dw_wdt_suspend(struct device *dev)
 {
-	clk_disable_unprepare(dw_wdt.clk);
+	struct dw_wdt *dw_wdt = dev_get_drvdata(dev);
+
+	clk_disable_unprepare(dw_wdt->clk);
 
 	return 0;
 }
 
 static int dw_wdt_resume(struct device *dev)
 {
-	int err = clk_prepare_enable(dw_wdt.clk);
+	struct dw_wdt *dw_wdt = dev_get_drvdata(dev);
+	int err = clk_prepare_enable(dw_wdt->clk);
 
 	if (err)
 		return err;
 
-	dw_wdt_keepalive();
+	dw_wdt_ping(&dw_wdt->wdd);
 
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -312,67 +202,81 @@ static int dw_wdt_resume(struct device *dev)
 
 static SIMPLE_DEV_PM_OPS(dw_wdt_pm_ops, dw_wdt_suspend, dw_wdt_resume);
 
-static const struct file_operations wdt_fops = {
-	.owner		= THIS_MODULE,
-	.llseek		= no_llseek,
-	.open		= dw_wdt_open,
-	.write		= dw_wdt_write,
-	.unlocked_ioctl	= dw_wdt_ioctl,
-	.release	= dw_wdt_release
-};
-
-static struct miscdevice dw_wdt_miscdev = {
-	.fops		= &wdt_fops,
-	.name		= "watchdog",
-	.minor		= WATCHDOG_MINOR,
-};
-
 static int dw_wdt_drv_probe(struct platform_device *pdev)
 {
+	struct device *dev = &pdev->dev;
+	struct watchdog_device *wdd;
+	struct dw_wdt *dw_wdt;
+	struct resource *mem;
 	int ret;
-	struct resource *mem = platform_get_resource(pdev, IORESOURCE_MEM, 0);
 
-	dw_wdt.regs = devm_ioremap_resource(&pdev->dev, mem);
-	if (IS_ERR(dw_wdt.regs))
-		return PTR_ERR(dw_wdt.regs);
+	dw_wdt = devm_kzalloc(dev, sizeof(*dw_wdt), GFP_KERNEL);
+	if (!dw_wdt)
+		return -ENOMEM;
+
+	mem = platform_get_resource(pdev, IORESOURCE_MEM, 0);
+	dw_wdt->regs = devm_ioremap_resource(dev, mem);
+	if (IS_ERR(dw_wdt->regs))
+		return PTR_ERR(dw_wdt->regs);
 
-	dw_wdt.clk = devm_clk_get(&pdev->dev, NULL);
-	if (IS_ERR(dw_wdt.clk))
-		return PTR_ERR(dw_wdt.clk);
+	dw_wdt->clk = devm_clk_get(dev, NULL);
+	if (IS_ERR(dw_wdt->clk))
+		return PTR_ERR(dw_wdt->clk);
 
-	ret = clk_prepare_enable(dw_wdt.clk);
+	ret = clk_prepare_enable(dw_wdt->clk);
 	if (ret)
 		return ret;
 
-	ret = misc_register(&dw_wdt_miscdev);
+	wdd = &dw_wdt->wdd;
+	wdd->info = &dw_wdt_ident;
+	wdd->ops = &dw_wdt_ops;
+	wdd->min_timeout = 1;
+	wdd->max_timeout = dw_wdt_top_in_seconds(dw_wdt, DW_WDT_MAX_TOP);
+	wdd->parent = dev;
+
+	watchdog_set_drvdata(wdd, dw_wdt);
+	watchdog_set_nowayout(wdd, nowayout);
+	watchdog_init_timeout(wdd, 0, dev);
+
+	/*
+	 * If the watchdog is already running, use its already configured
+	 * timeout. Otherwise use the default or the value provided through
+	 * devicetree.
+	 */
+	if (dw_wdt_is_enabled(dw_wdt)) {
+		wdd->timeout = dw_wdt_get_top(dw_wdt);
+		set_bit(WDOG_HW_RUNNING, &wdd->status);
+	} else {
+		wdd->timeout = DW_WDT_DEFAULT_SECONDS;
+		watchdog_init_timeout(wdd, 0, dev);
+	}
+
+	platform_set_drvdata(pdev, dw_wdt);
+
+	ret = watchdog_register_device(wdd);
 	if (ret)
 		goto out_disable_clk;
 
-	dw_wdt.restart_handler.notifier_call = dw_wdt_restart_handle;
-	dw_wdt.restart_handler.priority = 128;
-	ret = register_restart_handler(&dw_wdt.restart_handler);
+	dw_wdt->restart_handler.notifier_call = dw_wdt_restart_handle;
+	dw_wdt->restart_handler.priority = 128;
+	ret = register_restart_handler(&dw_wdt->restart_handler);
 	if (ret)
 		pr_warn("cannot register restart handler\n");
 
-	dw_wdt_set_next_heartbeat();
-	setup_timer(&dw_wdt.timer, dw_wdt_ping, 0);
-	mod_timer(&dw_wdt.timer, jiffies + WDT_TIMEOUT);
-
 	return 0;
 
 out_disable_clk:
-	clk_disable_unprepare(dw_wdt.clk);
-
+	clk_disable_unprepare(dw_wdt->clk);
 	return ret;
 }
 
 static int dw_wdt_drv_remove(struct platform_device *pdev)
 {
-	unregister_restart_handler(&dw_wdt.restart_handler);
-
-	misc_deregister(&dw_wdt_miscdev);
+	struct dw_wdt *dw_wdt = platform_get_drvdata(pdev);
 
-	clk_disable_unprepare(dw_wdt.clk);
+	unregister_restart_handler(&dw_wdt->restart_handler);
+	watchdog_unregister_device(&dw_wdt->wdd);
+	clk_disable_unprepare(dw_wdt->clk);
 
 	return 0;
 }
-- 
2.1.4