[PATCH v3 1/2] mm: page_alloc: simplify pageblock migratetype check in __free_one_page().

[PATCH v3 1/2] mm: page_alloc: simplify pageblock migratetype check in __free_one_page().

[Zi Yan]

From: Zi Yan <ziy@nvidia.com>

Move pageblock migratetype check code in the while loop to simplify the
logic. It also saves redundant buddy page checking code.

Suggested-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/linux-mm/27ff69f9-60c5-9e59-feb2-295250077551@suse.cz/
Signed-off-by: Zi Yan <ziy@nvidia.com>
Acked-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
---
 mm/page_alloc.c | 46 +++++++++++++++++-----------------------------
 1 file changed, 17 insertions(+), 29 deletions(-)

diff --git a/mm/page_alloc.c b/mm/page_alloc.c
index 856473e54155..2ea106146686 100644
--- a/mm/page_alloc.c
+++ b/mm/page_alloc.c
@@ -1054,7 +1054,6 @@ static inline void __free_one_page(struct page *page,
 		int migratetype, fpi_t fpi_flags)
 {
 	struct capture_control *capc = task_capc(zone);
-	unsigned int max_order = pageblock_order;
 	unsigned long buddy_pfn;
 	unsigned long combined_pfn;
 	struct page *buddy;
@@ -1070,8 +1069,7 @@ static inline void __free_one_page(struct page *page,
 	VM_BUG_ON_PAGE(pfn & ((1 << order) - 1), page);
 	VM_BUG_ON_PAGE(bad_range(zone, page), page);
 
-continue_merging:
-	while (order < max_order) {
+	while (order < MAX_ORDER - 1) {
 		if (compaction_capture(capc, page, order, migratetype)) {
 			__mod_zone_freepage_state(zone, -(1 << order),
 								migratetype);
@@ -1082,6 +1080,22 @@ static inline void __free_one_page(struct page *page,
 
 		if (!page_is_buddy(page, buddy, order))
 			goto done_merging;
+
+		if (unlikely(order >= pageblock_order)) {
+			/*
+			 * We want to prevent merge between freepages on pageblock
+			 * without fallbacks and normal pageblock. Without this,
+			 * pageblock isolation could cause incorrect freepage or CMA
+			 * accounting or HIGHATOMIC accounting.
+			 */
+			int buddy_mt = get_pageblock_migratetype(buddy);
+
+			if (migratetype != buddy_mt
+					&& (!migratetype_is_mergeable(migratetype) ||
+						!migratetype_is_mergeable(buddy_mt)))
+				goto done_merging;
+		}
+
 		/*
 		 * Our buddy is free or it is CONFIG_DEBUG_PAGEALLOC guard page,
 		 * merge with it and move up one order.
@@ -1095,32 +1109,6 @@ static inline void __free_one_page(struct page *page,
 		pfn = combined_pfn;
 		order++;
 	}
-	if (order < MAX_ORDER - 1) {
-		/* If we are here, it means order is >= pageblock_order.
-		 * We want to prevent merge between freepages on pageblock
-		 * without fallbacks and normal pageblock. Without this,
-		 * pageblock isolation could cause incorrect freepage or CMA
-		 * accounting or HIGHATOMIC accounting.
-		 *
-		 * We don't want to hit this code for the more frequent
-		 * low-order merging.
-		 */
-		int buddy_mt;
-
-		buddy_pfn = __find_buddy_pfn(pfn, order);
-		buddy = page + (buddy_pfn - pfn);
-
-		if (!page_is_buddy(page, buddy, order))
-			goto done_merging;
-		buddy_mt = get_pageblock_migratetype(buddy);
-
-		if (migratetype != buddy_mt
-				&& (!migratetype_is_mergeable(migratetype) ||
-					!migratetype_is_mergeable(buddy_mt)))
-			goto done_merging;
-		max_order = order + 1;
-		goto continue_merging;
-	}
 
 done_merging:
 	set_buddy_order(page, order);
-- 
2.35.1

[PATCH v3 2/2] mm: wrap __find_buddy_pfn() with a necessary buddy page validation.

[Zi Yan]

From: Zi Yan <ziy@nvidia.com>

Whenever the buddy of a page is found from __find_buddy_pfn(),
page_is_buddy() should be used to check its validity. Add a helper
function find_buddy_page_pfn() to find the buddy page and do the check
together.

Suggested-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/linux-mm/CAHk-=wji_AmYygZMTsPMdJ7XksMt7kOur8oDfDdniBRMjm4VkQ@mail.gmail.com/
Signed-off-by: Zi Yan <ziy@nvidia.com>
---
 mm/internal.h       | 117 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++----------
 mm/page_alloc.c     |  52 +++-----------------
 mm/page_isolation.c |   9 ++--
 3 files changed, 101 insertions(+), 77 deletions(-)

diff --git a/mm/internal.h b/mm/internal.h
index 876e66237c89..56bbae014e0e 100644
--- a/mm/internal.h
+++ b/mm/internal.h
@@ -211,6 +211,67 @@ struct alloc_context {
 	bool spread_dirty_pages;
 };
 
+/*
+ * This function returns the order of a free page in the buddy system. In
+ * general, page_zone(page)->lock must be held by the caller to prevent the
+ * page from being allocated in parallel and returning garbage as the order.
+ * If a caller does not hold page_zone(page)->lock, it must guarantee that the
+ * page cannot be allocated or merged in parallel. Alternatively, it must
+ * handle invalid values gracefully, and use buddy_order_unsafe() below.
+ */
+static inline unsigned int buddy_order(struct page *page)
+{
+	/* PageBuddy() must be checked by the caller */
+	return page_private(page);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Like buddy_order(), but for callers who cannot afford to hold the zone lock.
+ * PageBuddy() should be checked first by the caller to minimize race window,
+ * and invalid values must be handled gracefully.
+ *
+ * READ_ONCE is used so that if the caller assigns the result into a local
+ * variable and e.g. tests it for valid range before using, the compiler cannot
+ * decide to remove the variable and inline the page_private(page) multiple
+ * times, potentially observing different values in the tests and the actual
+ * use of the result.
+ */
+#define buddy_order_unsafe(page)	READ_ONCE(page_private(page))
+
+/*
+ * This function checks whether a page is free && is the buddy
+ * we can coalesce a page and its buddy if
+ * (a) the buddy is not in a hole (check before calling!) &&
+ * (b) the buddy is in the buddy system &&
+ * (c) a page and its buddy have the same order &&
+ * (d) a page and its buddy are in the same zone.
+ *
+ * For recording whether a page is in the buddy system, we set PageBuddy.
+ * Setting, clearing, and testing PageBuddy is serialized by zone->lock.
+ *
+ * For recording page's order, we use page_private(page).
+ */
+static inline bool page_is_buddy(struct page *page, struct page *buddy,
+							unsigned int order)
+{
+	if (!page_is_guard(buddy) && !PageBuddy(buddy))
+		return false;
+
+	if (buddy_order(buddy) != order)
+		return false;
+
+	/*
+	 * zone check is done late to avoid uselessly calculating
+	 * zone/node ids for pages that could never merge.
+	 */
+	if (page_zone_id(page) != page_zone_id(buddy))
+		return false;
+
+	VM_BUG_ON_PAGE(page_count(buddy) != 0, buddy);
+
+	return true;
+}
+
 /*
  * Locate the struct page for both the matching buddy in our
  * pair (buddy1) and the combined O(n+1) page they form (page).
@@ -234,6 +295,35 @@ __find_buddy_pfn(unsigned long page_pfn, unsigned int order)
 	return page_pfn ^ (1 << order);
 }
 
+/*
+ * Find the buddy of @page and validate it.
+ * @page: The input page
+ * @pfn: The pfn of the page, it saves a call to page_to_pfn() when the
+ *       function is used in the performance-critical __free_one_page().
+ * @order: The order of the page
+ * @buddy_pfn: The output pointer to the buddy pfn, it also saves a call to
+ *             page_to_pfn().
+ *
+ * The found buddy can be a non PageBuddy, out of @page's zone, or its order is
+ * not the same as @page. The validation is necessary before use it.
+ *
+ * Return: the found buddy page or NULL if not found.
+ */
+static inline struct page *find_buddy_page_pfn(struct page *page,
+			unsigned long pfn, unsigned int order, unsigned long *buddy_pfn)
+{
+	struct page *buddy;
+	unsigned long __buddy_pfn = __find_buddy_pfn(pfn, order);
+
+	buddy = page + (__buddy_pfn - pfn);
+	if (buddy_pfn)
+		*buddy_pfn = __buddy_pfn;
+
+	if (page_is_buddy(page, buddy, order))
+		return buddy;
+	return NULL;
+}
+
 extern struct page *__pageblock_pfn_to_page(unsigned long start_pfn,
 				unsigned long end_pfn, struct zone *zone);
 
@@ -336,33 +426,6 @@ isolate_migratepages_range(struct compact_control *cc,
 int find_suitable_fallback(struct free_area *area, unsigned int order,
 			int migratetype, bool only_stealable, bool *can_steal);
 
-/*
- * This function returns the order of a free page in the buddy system. In
- * general, page_zone(page)->lock must be held by the caller to prevent the
- * page from being allocated in parallel and returning garbage as the order.
- * If a caller does not hold page_zone(page)->lock, it must guarantee that the
- * page cannot be allocated or merged in parallel. Alternatively, it must
- * handle invalid values gracefully, and use buddy_order_unsafe() below.
- */
-static inline unsigned int buddy_order(struct page *page)
-{
-	/* PageBuddy() must be checked by the caller */
-	return page_private(page);
-}
-
-/*
- * Like buddy_order(), but for callers who cannot afford to hold the zone lock.
- * PageBuddy() should be checked first by the caller to minimize race window,
- * and invalid values must be handled gracefully.
- *
- * READ_ONCE is used so that if the caller assigns the result into a local
- * variable and e.g. tests it for valid range before using, the compiler cannot
- * decide to remove the variable and inline the page_private(page) multiple
- * times, potentially observing different values in the tests and the actual
- * use of the result.
- */
-#define buddy_order_unsafe(page)	READ_ONCE(page_private(page))
-
 /*
  * These three helpers classifies VMAs for virtual memory accounting.
  */
diff --git a/mm/page_alloc.c b/mm/page_alloc.c
index 2ea106146686..b08eecd67aba 100644
--- a/mm/page_alloc.c
+++ b/mm/page_alloc.c
@@ -868,40 +868,6 @@ static inline void set_buddy_order(struct page *page, unsigned int order)
 	__SetPageBuddy(page);
 }
 
-/*
- * This function checks whether a page is free && is the buddy
- * we can coalesce a page and its buddy if
- * (a) the buddy is not in a hole (check before calling!) &&
- * (b) the buddy is in the buddy system &&
- * (c) a page and its buddy have the same order &&
- * (d) a page and its buddy are in the same zone.
- *
- * For recording whether a page is in the buddy system, we set PageBuddy.
- * Setting, clearing, and testing PageBuddy is serialized by zone->lock.
- *
- * For recording page's order, we use page_private(page).
- */
-static inline bool page_is_buddy(struct page *page, struct page *buddy,
-							unsigned int order)
-{
-	if (!page_is_guard(buddy) && !PageBuddy(buddy))
-		return false;
-
-	if (buddy_order(buddy) != order)
-		return false;
-
-	/*
-	 * zone check is done late to avoid uselessly calculating
-	 * zone/node ids for pages that could never merge.
-	 */
-	if (page_zone_id(page) != page_zone_id(buddy))
-		return false;
-
-	VM_BUG_ON_PAGE(page_count(buddy) != 0, buddy);
-
-	return true;
-}
-
 #ifdef CONFIG_COMPACTION
 static inline struct capture_control *task_capc(struct zone *zone)
 {
@@ -1010,18 +976,17 @@ static inline bool
 buddy_merge_likely(unsigned long pfn, unsigned long buddy_pfn,
 		   struct page *page, unsigned int order)
 {
-	struct page *higher_page, *higher_buddy;
-	unsigned long combined_pfn;
+	struct page *higher_page;
+	unsigned long higher_page_pfn;
 
 	if (order >= MAX_ORDER - 2)
 		return false;
 
-	combined_pfn = buddy_pfn & pfn;
-	higher_page = page + (combined_pfn - pfn);
-	buddy_pfn = __find_buddy_pfn(combined_pfn, order + 1);
-	higher_buddy = higher_page + (buddy_pfn - combined_pfn);
+	higher_page_pfn = buddy_pfn & pfn;
+	higher_page = page + (higher_page_pfn - pfn);
 
-	return page_is_buddy(higher_page, higher_buddy, order + 1);
+	return find_buddy_page_pfn(higher_page, higher_page_pfn, order + 1,
+			NULL) != NULL;
 }
 
 /*
@@ -1075,10 +1040,9 @@ static inline void __free_one_page(struct page *page,
 								migratetype);
 			return;
 		}
-		buddy_pfn = __find_buddy_pfn(pfn, order);
-		buddy = page + (buddy_pfn - pfn);
 
-		if (!page_is_buddy(page, buddy, order))
+		buddy = find_buddy_page_pfn(page, pfn, order, &buddy_pfn);
+		if (!buddy)
 			goto done_merging;
 
 		if (unlikely(order >= pageblock_order)) {
diff --git a/mm/page_isolation.c b/mm/page_isolation.c
index f67c4c70f17f..ff0ea6308299 100644
--- a/mm/page_isolation.c
+++ b/mm/page_isolation.c
@@ -70,7 +70,6 @@ static void unset_migratetype_isolate(struct page *page, unsigned migratetype)
 	unsigned long flags, nr_pages;
 	bool isolated_page = false;
 	unsigned int order;
-	unsigned long pfn, buddy_pfn;
 	struct page *buddy;
 
 	zone = page_zone(page);
@@ -89,11 +88,9 @@ static void unset_migratetype_isolate(struct page *page, unsigned migratetype)
 	if (PageBuddy(page)) {
 		order = buddy_order(page);
 		if (order >= pageblock_order && order < MAX_ORDER - 1) {
-			pfn = page_to_pfn(page);
-			buddy_pfn = __find_buddy_pfn(pfn, order);
-			buddy = page + (buddy_pfn - pfn);
-
-			if (!is_migrate_isolate_page(buddy)) {
+			buddy = find_buddy_page_pfn(page, page_to_pfn(page),
+						    order, NULL);
+			if (buddy && !is_migrate_isolate_page(buddy)) {
 				isolated_page = !!__isolate_free_page(page, order);
 				/*
 				 * Isolating a free page in an isolated pageblock
-- 
2.35.1

Re: [PATCH v3 2/2] mm: wrap __find_buddy_pfn() with a necessary buddy page validation.

[Vlastimil Babka]

On 4/2/22 01:08, Zi Yan wrote:
> From: Zi Yan <ziy@nvidia.com>
> 
> Whenever the buddy of a page is found from __find_buddy_pfn(),
> page_is_buddy() should be used to check its validity. Add a helper
> function find_buddy_page_pfn() to find the buddy page and do the check
> together.
> 
> Suggested-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/linux-mm/CAHk-=wji_AmYygZMTsPMdJ7XksMt7kOur8oDfDdniBRMjm4VkQ@mail.gmail.com/
> Signed-off-by: Zi Yan <ziy@nvidia.com>

Acked-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>

Thanks.