[PATCH 0/4] repair: fixes for 3.2

[PATCH 0/4] repair: fixes for 3.2

[Dave Chinner]

Hi Arkadiusz,

These are the fixes I have so far from working through the metadumps
you supplied me with. The unobfuscated metadump repairs cleanly with
these patches, but the obfuscated one still has a directory rebuild
issue that I haven't got to the bottom of yet. That results in
an error in phase 6 like:

Metadata corruption detected at block 0x2af84770/0x1000
name create failed in ino 2306912354 (117), filesystem may be out of space

It appears that a read verifier is on a recently created
directory leaf block and that is failing. I'm not yet sure why the
leaf block is corrupt, nor why the verifier is even being run on it
seeing as it was only allocated and initialised during the directory
rebuild. That directory rebuil dfailure is the reason for all the
disconected inode that end up in lost+found, and I think it's the
only remaining issue that I need to solve.

Can you test the patches on you machine and see if you get the same
results?

Cheers,

Dave.

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[PATCH 1/4] repair: handle directory block corruption in phase 6

[Dave Chinner]

From: Dave Chinner <dchinner@redhat.com>

This should only occur in no-modify mode, but when we fail to find
the last extent in a directory btree due to corruption we need to
trash the directory if it's the first data block we find the error
on. That is because there is nothing to recover from the directory,
and if we try to scan it xfs_reapir segv's because nothing has been
read from disk.

Also catch a memory allocation failure in this code, too.

Signed-off-by: Dave Chinner <dchinner@redhat.com>
---
 repair/phase6.c | 19 +++++++++++++++++--
 1 file changed, 17 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/repair/phase6.c b/repair/phase6.c
index 9b10f16..47ecad4 100644
--- a/repair/phase6.c
+++ b/repair/phase6.c
@@ -2179,7 +2179,7 @@ longform_dir2_entry_check(xfs_mount_t	*mp,
 	freetab = malloc(FREETAB_SIZE(ip->i_d.di_size / mp->m_dirblksize));
 	if (!freetab) {
 		do_error(
-		_("malloc failed in longform_dir2_entry_check (%" PRId64 " bytes)\n"),
+_("malloc failed in longform_dir2_entry_check (%" PRId64 " bytes)\n"),
 			FREETAB_SIZE(ip->i_d.di_size / mp->m_dirblksize));
 		exit(1);
 	}
@@ -2191,6 +2191,11 @@ longform_dir2_entry_check(xfs_mount_t	*mp,
 	}
 	num_bps = freetab->naents;
 	bplist = calloc(num_bps, sizeof(struct xfs_buf*));
+	if (!bplist)
+		do_error(
+_("calloc failed in longform_dir2_entry_check (%zu bytes)\n"),
+			num_bps * sizeof(struct xfs_buf*));
+
 	/* is this a block, leaf, or node directory? */
 	libxfs_dir2_isblock(NULL, ip, &isblock);
 	libxfs_dir2_isleaf(NULL, ip, &isleaf);
@@ -2203,8 +2208,18 @@ longform_dir2_entry_check(xfs_mount_t	*mp,
 		int			 error;
 
 		next_da_bno = da_bno + mp->m_dirblkfsbs - 1;
-		if (bmap_next_offset(NULL, ip, &next_da_bno, XFS_DATA_FORK))
+		if (bmap_next_offset(NULL, ip, &next_da_bno, XFS_DATA_FORK)) {
+			/*
+			 * if this is the first block, there isn't anything we
+			 * can recover so we just trash it.
+			 */
+			 if (da_bno == 0) {
+				fixit++;
+				goto out_fix;
+			}
 			break;
+		}
+
 		db = xfs_dir2_da_to_db(mp, da_bno);
 		if (db >= num_bps) {
 			/* more data blocks than expected */
-- 
2.0.0

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[PATCH 2/4] libxfs: buffers aren't stale once written

[Dave Chinner]

From: Dave Chinner <dchinner@redhat.com>

When rebuilding a bad directory, repair first truncates away all the
blocks in the directory. This removes blocks from the bmap btree,
and when those blocks are freed the bmap btree code invalidates
them. This marks the buffers LIBXFS_B_STALE so that we don't try to
write stale data from that buffer at a later time.

However, when rebuilding the directory, the block gets reallocated
and new metadata gets written into it. however, it is still marked
stale and hence the new, corrected metadata is never written. Hence
if we write new metadata to a stale buffer, we have to clear the
LIBXFS_B_STALE flag to ensure that the new data gets written.

Note that this can affect more than just bmap btree buffers - there
are several different places in the libxfs code that mark buffers
stale via xfs_trans_binval() during repair operations.

Signed-off-by: Dave Chinner <dchinner@redhat.com>
---
 libxfs/rdwr.c | 2 ++
 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+)

diff --git a/libxfs/rdwr.c b/libxfs/rdwr.c
index 981f2ba..28f8f36 100644
--- a/libxfs/rdwr.c
+++ b/libxfs/rdwr.c
@@ -928,6 +928,7 @@ libxfs_writebuf_int(xfs_buf_t *bp, int flags)
 	 * subsequent reads after this write from seeing stale errors.
 	 */
 	bp->b_error = 0;
+	bp->b_flags &= ~LIBXFS_B_STALE;
 	bp->b_flags |= (LIBXFS_B_DIRTY | flags);
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -946,6 +947,7 @@ libxfs_writebuf(xfs_buf_t *bp, int flags)
 	 * subsequent reads after this write from seeing stale errors.
 	 */
 	bp->b_error = 0;
+	bp->b_flags &= ~LIBXFS_B_STALE;
 	bp->b_flags |= (LIBXFS_B_DIRTY | flags);
 	libxfs_putbuf(bp);
 	return 0;
-- 
2.0.0

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[PATCH 3/4] repair: fix quota inode handling in secondary superblocks

[Dave Chinner]

From: Dave Chinner <dchinner@redhat.com>

Changes to support separate project quota inodes changed the way
quota inodes got written to the superblock. The current code is
tailored for the needs to the kernel, where the inodes should only
be written if certain falgs are set saying a quota type is enabled.

Unfortunately, when recovering a corrupt secondary superblock, we
need to unconditionally write the quota inode fields after we
unconditionally zero the quota flags field. The result of this bug
is that the bad quota inode fields cannot be cleared and hence
always are reported by bad by repair in subsequent runs.

Fix this by directly clearing the quota inodes in the superblock
buffers so that we do need to set special flags to get
xfs_sb_to_disk() to do the right thing as setting flags leave bad
flag values in the superblock instead of bad inode numbers....

Also, when clearing the inode numbers, write them as NULLFSINO
rather than 0 as this is what the kernel will write them as if quota
is turned off.

Signed-off-by: Dave Chinner <dchinner@redhat.com>
---
 include/libxfs.h    |  1 +
 libxfs/rdwr.c       |  4 ++--
 repair/agheader.c   | 52 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++------------------
 repair/sb.c         |  2 ++
 repair/scan.c       |  1 +
 repair/xfs_repair.c |  1 +
 6 files changed, 41 insertions(+), 20 deletions(-)

diff --git a/include/libxfs.h b/include/libxfs.h
index 7203d79..45a924f 100644
--- a/include/libxfs.h
+++ b/include/libxfs.h
@@ -759,6 +759,7 @@ bool xfs_dinode_verify(struct xfs_mount *mp, xfs_ino_t ino,
 /* xfs_sb.h */
 #define libxfs_mod_sb			xfs_mod_sb
 #define libxfs_sb_from_disk		xfs_sb_from_disk
+#define libxfs_sb_quota_from_disk	xfs_sb_quota_from_disk
 #define libxfs_sb_to_disk		xfs_sb_to_disk
 
 /* xfs_symlink.h */
diff --git a/libxfs/rdwr.c b/libxfs/rdwr.c
index 28f8f36..88f84ac 100644
--- a/libxfs/rdwr.c
+++ b/libxfs/rdwr.c
@@ -907,10 +907,10 @@ libxfs_writebufr(xfs_buf_t *bp)
 	}
 
 #ifdef IO_DEBUG
-	printf("%lx: %s: wrote %u bytes, blkno=%llu(%llu), %p\n",
+	printf("%lx: %s: wrote %u bytes, blkno=%llu(%llu), %p, error %d\n",
 			pthread_self(), __FUNCTION__, bp->b_bcount,
 			(long long)LIBXFS_BBTOOFF64(bp->b_bn),
-			(long long)bp->b_bn, bp);
+			(long long)bp->b_bn, bp, error);
 #endif
 	if (!error) {
 		bp->b_flags |= LIBXFS_B_UPTODATE;
diff --git a/repair/agheader.c b/repair/agheader.c
index fc5dac9..2b84aab 100644
--- a/repair/agheader.c
+++ b/repair/agheader.c
@@ -245,13 +245,17 @@ compare_sb(xfs_mount_t *mp, xfs_sb_t *sb)
  * superblocks, not just the secondary superblocks.
  */
 static int
-secondary_sb_wack(xfs_mount_t *mp, xfs_buf_t *sbuf, xfs_sb_t *sb,
-	xfs_agnumber_t i)
+secondary_sb_wack(
+	struct xfs_mount *mp,
+	struct xfs_buf	*sbuf,
+	struct xfs_sb	*sb,
+	xfs_agnumber_t	i)
 {
-	int do_bzero;
-	int size;
-	char *ip;
-	int rval;
+	struct xfs_dsb	*dsb = XFS_BUF_TO_SBP(sbuf);
+	int		do_bzero = 0;
+	int		size;
+	char		*ip;
+	int		rval = 0;;
 
 	rval = do_bzero = 0;
 
@@ -334,14 +338,22 @@ secondary_sb_wack(xfs_mount_t *mp, xfs_buf_t *sbuf, xfs_sb_t *sb,
 	}
 
 	/*
-	 * quota inodes and flags in secondary superblocks
-	 * are never set by mkfs.  However, they could be set
-	 * in a secondary if a fs with quotas was growfs'ed since
-	 * growfs copies the new primary into the secondaries.
+	 * quota inodes and flags in secondary superblocks are never set by
+	 * mkfs.  However, they could be set in a secondary if a fs with quotas
+	 * was growfs'ed since growfs copies the new primary into the
+	 * secondaries. Also, the kernel now writes the quota inodes when unused
+	 * as NULLFSINO rather than zero, so rewrite the inodes if they are not
+	 * NULLFSINO and inprogress is set.
+	 *
+	 * Finally, the in-core inode flags now have different meaning to the
+	 * on-disk flags, and so libxfs_sb_to_disk cannot directly write the
+	 * sb_gquotino/sb_pquotino fields without specific sb_qflags being set.
+	 * Hence we need to zero it directly in the sb buffer here.
 	 */
-	if (sb->sb_inprogress == 1 && sb->sb_uquotino)  {
+
+	if (sb->sb_inprogress == 1 && sb->sb_uquotino != NULLFSINO)  {
 		if (!no_modify)
-			sb->sb_uquotino = 0;
+			sb->sb_uquotino = NULLFSINO;
 		if (sb->sb_versionnum & XR_PART_SECSB_VNMASK || !do_bzero)  {
 			rval |= XR_AG_SB;
 			do_warn(
@@ -352,9 +364,11 @@ secondary_sb_wack(xfs_mount_t *mp, xfs_buf_t *sbuf, xfs_sb_t *sb,
 			rval |= XR_AG_SB_SEC;
 	}
 
-	if (sb->sb_inprogress == 1 && sb->sb_gquotino)  {
-		if (!no_modify)
-			sb->sb_gquotino = 0;
+	if (sb->sb_inprogress == 1 && sb->sb_gquotino != NULLFSINO)  {
+		if (!no_modify) {
+			sb->sb_gquotino = NULLFSINO;
+			dsb->sb_gquotino = cpu_to_be64(NULLFSINO);
+		}
 		if (sb->sb_versionnum & XR_PART_SECSB_VNMASK || !do_bzero)  {
 			rval |= XR_AG_SB;
 			do_warn(
@@ -365,9 +379,11 @@ secondary_sb_wack(xfs_mount_t *mp, xfs_buf_t *sbuf, xfs_sb_t *sb,
 			rval |= XR_AG_SB_SEC;
 	}
 
-	if (sb->sb_inprogress == 1 && sb->sb_pquotino)  {
-		if (!no_modify)
-			sb->sb_pquotino = 0;
+	if (sb->sb_inprogress == 1 && sb->sb_pquotino != NULLFSINO)  {
+		if (!no_modify) {
+			sb->sb_pquotino = NULLFSINO;
+			dsb->sb_pquotino = cpu_to_be64(NULLFSINO);
+		}
 		if (sb->sb_versionnum & XR_PART_SECSB_VNMASK || !do_bzero)  {
 			rval |= XR_AG_SB;
 			do_warn(
diff --git a/repair/sb.c b/repair/sb.c
index 5e0b0f2..bc421cc 100644
--- a/repair/sb.c
+++ b/repair/sb.c
@@ -138,6 +138,7 @@ find_secondary_sb(xfs_sb_t *rsb)
 		for (i = 0; !done && i < bsize; i += BBSIZE)  {
 			c_bufsb = (char *)sb + i;
 			libxfs_sb_from_disk(&bufsb, (xfs_dsb_t *)c_bufsb);
+			libxfs_sb_quota_from_disk(&bufsb);
 
 			if (verify_sb(c_bufsb, &bufsb, 0) != XR_OK)
 				continue;
@@ -538,6 +539,7 @@ get_sb(xfs_sb_t *sbp, xfs_off_t off, int size, xfs_agnumber_t agno)
 		do_error("%s\n", strerror(error));
 	}
 	libxfs_sb_from_disk(sbp, buf);
+	libxfs_sb_quota_from_disk(sbp);
 
 	rval = verify_sb((char *)buf, sbp, agno == 0);
 	free(buf);
diff --git a/repair/scan.c b/repair/scan.c
index 1b64d8b..f29ff8d 100644
--- a/repair/scan.c
+++ b/repair/scan.c
@@ -1496,6 +1496,7 @@ scan_ag(
 		goto out_free_sb;
 	}
 	libxfs_sb_from_disk(sb, XFS_BUF_TO_SBP(sbbuf));
+	libxfs_sb_quota_from_disk(sb);
 
 	agfbuf = libxfs_readbuf(mp->m_dev,
 			XFS_AG_DADDR(mp, agno, XFS_AGF_DADDR(mp)),
diff --git a/repair/xfs_repair.c b/repair/xfs_repair.c
index 9eb2fa4..8a3e825 100644
--- a/repair/xfs_repair.c
+++ b/repair/xfs_repair.c
@@ -782,6 +782,7 @@ main(int argc, char **argv)
 	/* make sure the per-ag freespace maps are ok so we can mount the fs */
 	phase2(mp, phase2_threads);
 	timestamp(PHASE_END, 2, NULL);
+	libxfs_bcache_flush();
 
 	if (do_prefetch)
 		init_prefetch(mp);
-- 
2.0.0

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[PATCH 4/4] repair: get rid of BADFSINO

[Dave Chinner]

From: Dave Chinner <dchinner@redhat.com>

When we find a bad dirent, we "clear" the inode the inode number by
writing BADFSINO to the inode number in the entry:

#define BADFSINO        ((xfs_ino_t)0xfeffffffffffffffULL)

We then capture this bad inode number later in the same function
either in the same pass or in a later phase and junk the entry.
When we junk the entry, we write a "/" over the first character of
the dirent name, which is then detected up later by the directory
rebuild and ignored.

The issue with this is that the directory buffer can be written to
disk between the dirent being marked with BADFSINO and the directory
rebuild processing in phase 6, resulting in the directory block
verifier firing this error:

Invalid inode number 0xfeffffffffffffff
xfs_dir_ino_validate: XFS_ERROR_REPORT
Metadata corruption detected at block 0x11fbb698/0x1000
libxfs_writebufr: write verifer failed on bno 0x11fbb698/0x1000

And so will not write the *corrupt block* to disk. The result is
that we don't repair a corruption in the directory block correctly
and subsequent repair runs continue to find problems with the
directory.

We really don't need both BADFSINO *and* overwriting the dirent name
with "/" to mark an entry as junked. They both mean exactly the same
thing, so get rid of BADFSINO and only use the name junking to mark
dirents as bad. This prevents the directory data block verifier from
triggering on bad inode numbers, and so the later reread of the
block will find the junked entries correctly.

Signed-off-by: Dave Chinner <dchinner@redhat.com>
---
 repair/dir2.c | 18 +++++-------------
 1 file changed, 5 insertions(+), 13 deletions(-)

diff --git a/repair/dir2.c b/repair/dir2.c
index 14c1435..ef0d377 100644
--- a/repair/dir2.c
+++ b/repair/dir2.c
@@ -28,13 +28,6 @@
 #include "progress.h"
 
 /*
- * Tag bad directory entries with this.
- * We can't tag them with -1 since that will look like a
- * data_unused_t instead of a data_entry_t.
- */
-#define	BADFSINO	((xfs_ino_t)0xfeffffffffffffffULL)
-
-/*
  * Known bad inode list.  These are seen when the leaf and node
  * block linkages are incorrect.
  */
@@ -1314,7 +1307,7 @@ process_dir2_data(
 		 * Conditions must either set clearino to zero or set
 		 * clearreason why it's being cleared.
 		 */
-		if (!ino_discovery && ent_ino == BADFSINO) {
+		if (!ino_discovery && dep->name[0] == '/') {
 			/*
 			 * Don't do a damned thing.  We already found this
 			 * (or did it ourselves) during phase 3.
@@ -1401,8 +1394,7 @@ _("entry at block %u offset %" PRIdPTR " in directory inode %" PRIu64
 				do_warn(
 _("\tclearing inode number in entry at offset %" PRIdPTR "...\n"),
 					(intptr_t)ptr - (intptr_t)d);
-				dep->inumber = cpu_to_be64(BADFSINO);
-				ent_ino = BADFSINO;
+				dep->name[0] = '/';
 				*dirty = 1;
 			} else {
 				do_warn(
@@ -1415,7 +1407,7 @@ _("\twould clear inode number in entry at offset %" PRIdPTR "...\n"),
 		 * discovery is turned on).  Otherwise, we'd complain a lot
 		 * during phase 4.
 		 */
-		junkit = ent_ino == BADFSINO;
+		junkit = dep->name[0] == '/';
 		nm_illegal = namecheck((char *)dep->name, dep->namelen);
 		if (ino_discovery && nm_illegal) {
 			do_warn(
@@ -1427,11 +1419,11 @@ _("entry at block %u offset %" PRIdPTR " in directory inode %" PRIu64 " has ille
 		/*
 		 * Now we can mark entries with BADFSINO's bad.
 		 */
-		if (!no_modify && ent_ino == BADFSINO) {
-			dep->name[0] = '/';
+		if (!no_modify && dep->name[0] == '/') {
 			*dirty = 1;
 			junkit = 0;
 		}
+
 		/*
 		 * Special .. entry processing.
 		 */
-- 
2.0.0

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Re: [PATCH 0/4] repair: fixes for 3.2

[Arkadiusz Miśkiewicz]

On Tuesday 01 of July 2014, Dave Chinner wrote:
> Hi Arkadiusz,
> 
> These are the fixes I have so far from working through the metadumps
> you supplied me with. The unobfuscated metadump repairs cleanly with
> these patches, but the obfuscated one still has a directory rebuild
> issue that I haven't got to the bottom of yet. That results in
> an error in phase 6 like:
> 
> Metadata corruption detected at block 0x2af84770/0x1000
> name create failed in ino 2306912354 (117), filesystem may be out of space
> 
> It appears that a read verifier is on a recently created
> directory leaf block and that is failing. I'm not yet sure why the
> leaf block is corrupt, nor why the verifier is even being run on it
> seeing as it was only allocated and initialised during the directory
> rebuild. That directory rebuil dfailure is the reason for all the
> disconected inode that end up in lost+found, and I think it's the
> only remaining issue that I need to solve.
> 
> Can you test the patches on you machine and see if you get the same
> results?

Testing on non obfuscated image here.

Most of issues got fixed, first xfs_repair run:
http://ixion.pld-linux.org/~arekm/p2/x1/repair-3.2-dchinner1-4patches-run1.txt 

second xfs_repair run (reports no problems):
http://ixion.pld-linux.org/~arekm/p2/x1/repair-3.2-dchinner1-4patches-run2.txt

When trying to mount
"XFS (loop0): Failed to initialize disk quotas."
so this issue left.


Question:

Phase 2 - using internal log
        - zero log...
zero_log: head block 2 tail block 2
        - scan filesystem freespace and inode maps...
Metadata CRC error detected at block 0x0/0x200

Is "Metadata CRC error detected at block" expected here? I mean v4 fs, so no 
CRC.

Thanks a lot for the fixes.

> Cheers,
> 
> Dave.


-- 
Arkadiusz Miśkiewicz, arekm / maven.pl

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Re: [PATCH 4/4] repair: get rid of BADFSINO

[Arkadiusz Miśkiewicz]

On Tuesday 01 of July 2014, Dave Chinner wrote:
> From: Dave Chinner <dchinner@redhat.com>

> so get rid of BADFSINO and only use the name junking to mark
> dirents as bad. This prevents the directory data block verifier from
> triggering on bad inode numbers, and so the later reread of the
> block will find the junked entries correctly.
> 
> Signed-off-by: Dave Chinner <dchinner@redhat.com>
> ---
>  repair/dir2.c | 18 +++++-------------
>  1 file changed, 5 insertions(+), 13 deletions(-)


> @@ -1427,11 +1419,11 @@ _("entry at block %u offset %" PRIdPTR " in
> directory inode %" PRIu64 " has ille /*
>  		 * Now we can mark entries with BADFSINO's bad.
>  		 */

Comment above needs update.

> -		if (!no_modify && ent_ino == BADFSINO) {
> -			dep->name[0] = '/';
> +		if (!no_modify && dep->name[0] == '/') {
>  			*dirty = 1;
>  			junkit = 0;
>  		}
> +
>  		/*
>  		 * Special .. entry processing.
>  		 */


-- 
Arkadiusz Miśkiewicz, arekm / maven.pl

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Re: [PATCH 0/4] repair: fixes for 3.2

[Dave Chinner]

On Tue, Jul 01, 2014 at 03:40:56PM +0200, Arkadiusz Miśkiewicz wrote:
> On Tuesday 01 of July 2014, Dave Chinner wrote:
> > Hi Arkadiusz,
> > 
> > These are the fixes I have so far from working through the metadumps
> > you supplied me with. The unobfuscated metadump repairs cleanly with
> > these patches, but the obfuscated one still has a directory rebuild
> > issue that I haven't got to the bottom of yet. That results in
> > an error in phase 6 like:
> > 
> > Metadata corruption detected at block 0x2af84770/0x1000
> > name create failed in ino 2306912354 (117), filesystem may be out of space
> > 
> > It appears that a read verifier is on a recently created
> > directory leaf block and that is failing. I'm not yet sure why the
> > leaf block is corrupt, nor why the verifier is even being run on it
> > seeing as it was only allocated and initialised during the directory
> > rebuild. That directory rebuil dfailure is the reason for all the
> > disconected inode that end up in lost+found, and I think it's the
> > only remaining issue that I need to solve.
> > 
> > Can you test the patches on you machine and see if you get the same
> > results?
> 
> Testing on non obfuscated image here.
> 
> Most of issues got fixed, first xfs_repair run:
> http://ixion.pld-linux.org/~arekm/p2/x1/repair-3.2-dchinner1-4patches-run1.txt 
> 
> second xfs_repair run (reports no problems):
> http://ixion.pld-linux.org/~arekm/p2/x1/repair-3.2-dchinner1-4patches-run2.txt
> 
> When trying to mount
> "XFS (loop0): Failed to initialize disk quotas."
> so this issue left.

Yeah, I haven't got that far yet....

> Question:
> 
> Phase 2 - using internal log
>         - zero log...
> zero_log: head block 2 tail block 2
>         - scan filesystem freespace and inode maps...
> Metadata CRC error detected at block 0x0/0x200
> 
> Is "Metadata CRC error detected at block" expected here? I mean v4 fs, so no 
> CRC.

Given that it was followed by:

zeroing unused portion of primary superblock (AG #0)

Then there was garbage in the superblock that made the verifier
think that maybe it was missing a feature bit. It didn't come up the
second time, so everything is fine....

Cheers,

Dave.
-- 
Dave Chinner
david@fromorbit.com

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