[PATCH v2 0/3] bootconfig: Support embedding a bootconfig in kernel for non initrd boot

[PATCH v2 0/3] bootconfig: Support embedding a bootconfig in kernel for non initrd boot

[Masami Hiramatsu]

Hi,

Here are the 3rd version of the patchset to enable kernel embedded bootconfig
for non-initrd kernel boot environment. In this version, I fixed some typo in
the document patch [3/3].

You can embed a bootconfig file into the kernel as a default bootconfig,
which will be used if there is no initrd or no bootconfig is attached to initrd. 

This needs 2 options: CONFIG_EMBED_BOOT_CONFIG=y and set the file
path to CONFIG_EMBED_BOOT_CONFIG_FILE. Even if you embed the bootconfig file
to the kernel, it will not be enabled unless you pass "bootconfig" kernel
command line option at boot. Moreover, since this is just a "default"
bootconfig, you can override it with a new bootconfig if you attach another
bootconfig to the initrd (if possible).
CONFIG_EMBED_BOOT_CONFIG_FILE can take both absolute and relative path, but
to simplify and make it independent from the build environment, I recommend
you to use an absolute path for that.

This is requested by Padmanabha at the below thread;

 https://lore.kernel.org/all/20220307184011.GA2570@pswork/T/#u

Thank you,

---

Masami Hiramatsu (3):
      bootconfig: Check the checksum before removing the bootconfig from initrd
      bootconfig: Support embedding a bootconfig file in kernel
      docs: bootconfig: Add how to embed the bootconfig into kernel


 Documentation/admin-guide/bootconfig.rst |   30 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++---
 include/linux/bootconfig.h               |   10 ++++++++++
 init/Kconfig                             |   21 ++++++++++++++++++++
 init/main.c                              |   31 +++++++++++++++---------------
 lib/.gitignore                           |    1 +
 lib/Makefile                             |   12 ++++++++++++
 lib/bootconfig.c                         |   23 ++++++++++++++++++++++
 7 files changed, 110 insertions(+), 18 deletions(-)

--
Masami Hiramatsu (Linaro) <mhiramat@kernel.org>

[PATCH v2 1/3] bootconfig: Check the checksum before removing the bootconfig from initrd

[Masami Hiramatsu]

Check the bootconfig's checksum before removing the bootcinfig data
from initrd to avoid modifying initrd by mistake.
This will also simplifies the get_boot_config_from_initrd() interface.

Signed-off-by: Masami Hiramatsu <mhiramat@kernel.org>
---
 init/main.c |   22 ++++++++++------------
 1 file changed, 10 insertions(+), 12 deletions(-)

diff --git a/init/main.c b/init/main.c
index 65fa2e41a9c0..421050be5039 100644
--- a/init/main.c
+++ b/init/main.c
@@ -265,7 +265,7 @@ static int __init loglevel(char *str)
 early_param("loglevel", loglevel);
 
 #ifdef CONFIG_BLK_DEV_INITRD
-static void * __init get_boot_config_from_initrd(u32 *_size, u32 *_csum)
+static void * __init get_boot_config_from_initrd(u32 *_size)
 {
 	u32 size, csum;
 	char *data;
@@ -299,17 +299,20 @@ static void * __init get_boot_config_from_initrd(u32 *_size, u32 *_csum)
 		return NULL;
 	}
 
+	if (xbc_calc_checksum(data, size) != csum) {
+		pr_err("bootconfig checksum failed\n");
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
 	/* Remove bootconfig from initramfs/initrd */
 	initrd_end = (unsigned long)data;
 	if (_size)
 		*_size = size;
-	if (_csum)
-		*_csum = csum;
 
 	return data;
 }
 #else
-static void * __init get_boot_config_from_initrd(u32 *_size, u32 *_csum)
+static void * __init get_boot_config_from_initrd(u32 *_size)
 {
 	return NULL;
 }
@@ -408,12 +411,12 @@ static void __init setup_boot_config(void)
 	static char tmp_cmdline[COMMAND_LINE_SIZE] __initdata;
 	const char *msg;
 	int pos;
-	u32 size, csum;
+	u32 size;
 	char *data, *err;
 	int ret;
 
 	/* Cut out the bootconfig data even if we have no bootconfig option */
-	data = get_boot_config_from_initrd(&size, &csum);
+	data = get_boot_config_from_initrd(&size);
 
 	strlcpy(tmp_cmdline, boot_command_line, COMMAND_LINE_SIZE);
 	err = parse_args("bootconfig", tmp_cmdline, NULL, 0, 0, 0, NULL,
@@ -437,11 +440,6 @@ static void __init setup_boot_config(void)
 		return;
 	}
 
-	if (xbc_calc_checksum(data, size) != csum) {
-		pr_err("bootconfig checksum failed\n");
-		return;
-	}
-
 	ret = xbc_init(data, size, &msg, &pos);
 	if (ret < 0) {
 		if (pos < 0)
@@ -470,7 +468,7 @@ static void __init exit_boot_config(void)
 static void __init setup_boot_config(void)
 {
 	/* Remove bootconfig data from initrd */
-	get_boot_config_from_initrd(NULL, NULL);
+	get_boot_config_from_initrd(NULL);
 }
 
 static int __init warn_bootconfig(char *str)

[PATCH v2 2/3] bootconfig: Support embedding a bootconfig file in kernel

[Masami Hiramatsu]

This allows kernel developer to embed a default bootconfig file in
the kernel instead of embedding it in the initrd. This will be good
for who are using the kernel without initrd, or who needs a default
bootconfigs.
This needs to set two kconfigs: CONFIG_EMBED_BOOT_CONFIG=y and set
the file path to CONFIG_EMBED_BOOT_CONFIG_FILE.

Note that you still need 'bootconfig' command line option to load the
embedded bootconfig. Also if you boot using an initrd with a different
bootconfig, the kernel will use the bootconfig in the initrd, instead
of the default bootconfig.

Signed-off-by: Masami Hiramatsu <mhiramat@kernel.org>
---
 include/linux/bootconfig.h |   10 ++++++++++
 init/Kconfig               |   21 +++++++++++++++++++++
 init/main.c                |   13 ++++++++-----
 lib/.gitignore             |    1 +
 lib/Makefile               |   12 ++++++++++++
 lib/bootconfig.c           |   23 +++++++++++++++++++++++
 6 files changed, 75 insertions(+), 5 deletions(-)

diff --git a/include/linux/bootconfig.h b/include/linux/bootconfig.h
index a4665c7ab07c..5dbda5e3e9bb 100644
--- a/include/linux/bootconfig.h
+++ b/include/linux/bootconfig.h
@@ -289,4 +289,14 @@ int __init xbc_get_info(int *node_size, size_t *data_size);
 /* XBC cleanup data structures */
 void __init xbc_exit(void);
 
+/* XBC embedded bootconfig data in kernel */
+#ifdef CONFIG_EMBED_BOOT_CONFIG
+char * __init xbc_get_embedded_bootconfig(size_t *size);
+#else
+static inline char *xbc_get_embedded_bootconfig(size_t *size)
+{
+	return NULL;
+}
+#endif
+
 #endif
diff --git a/init/Kconfig b/init/Kconfig
index e9119bf54b1f..70440804874d 100644
--- a/init/Kconfig
+++ b/init/Kconfig
@@ -1357,6 +1357,27 @@ config BOOT_CONFIG
 
 	  If unsure, say Y.
 
+config EMBED_BOOT_CONFIG
+	bool "Embed bootconfig file in the kernel"
+	depends on BOOT_CONFIG
+	default n
+	help
+	  Embed a bootconfig file given by EMBED_BOOT_CONFIG_FILE in the
+	  kernel. Usually, the bootconfig file is loaded with the initrd
+	  image. But if the system doesn't support initrd, this option will
+	  help you by embedding a bootconfig file while building the kernel.
+
+	  If unsure, say N.
+
+config EMBED_BOOT_CONFIG_FILE
+	string "Embedded bootconfig file path"
+	default ""
+	depends on EMBED_BOOT_CONFIG
+	help
+	  Specify a bootconfig file which will be embedded to the kernel.
+	  This bootconfig will be used if there is no initrd or no other
+	  bootconfig in the initrd.
+
 choice
 	prompt "Compiler optimization level"
 	default CC_OPTIMIZE_FOR_PERFORMANCE
diff --git a/init/main.c b/init/main.c
index 421050be5039..3803bf2e22ea 100644
--- a/init/main.c
+++ b/init/main.c
@@ -265,7 +265,7 @@ static int __init loglevel(char *str)
 early_param("loglevel", loglevel);
 
 #ifdef CONFIG_BLK_DEV_INITRD
-static void * __init get_boot_config_from_initrd(u32 *_size)
+static void * __init get_boot_config_from_initrd(size_t *_size)
 {
 	u32 size, csum;
 	char *data;
@@ -411,12 +411,15 @@ static void __init setup_boot_config(void)
 	static char tmp_cmdline[COMMAND_LINE_SIZE] __initdata;
 	const char *msg;
 	int pos;
-	u32 size;
+	size_t size;
 	char *data, *err;
 	int ret;
 
 	/* Cut out the bootconfig data even if we have no bootconfig option */
 	data = get_boot_config_from_initrd(&size);
+	/* If there is no bootconfig in initrd, try embedded one. */
+	if (!data)
+		data = xbc_get_embedded_bootconfig(&size);
 
 	strlcpy(tmp_cmdline, boot_command_line, COMMAND_LINE_SIZE);
 	err = parse_args("bootconfig", tmp_cmdline, NULL, 0, 0, 0, NULL,
@@ -435,8 +438,8 @@ static void __init setup_boot_config(void)
 	}
 
 	if (size >= XBC_DATA_MAX) {
-		pr_err("bootconfig size %d greater than max size %d\n",
-			size, XBC_DATA_MAX);
+		pr_err("bootconfig size %ld greater than max size %d\n",
+			(long)size, XBC_DATA_MAX);
 		return;
 	}
 
@@ -449,7 +452,7 @@ static void __init setup_boot_config(void)
 				msg, pos);
 	} else {
 		xbc_get_info(&ret, NULL);
-		pr_info("Load bootconfig: %d bytes %d nodes\n", size, ret);
+		pr_info("Load bootconfig: %ld bytes %d nodes\n", (long)size, ret);
 		/* keys starting with "kernel." are passed via cmdline */
 		extra_command_line = xbc_make_cmdline("kernel");
 		/* Also, "init." keys are init arguments */
diff --git a/lib/.gitignore b/lib/.gitignore
index e5e217b8307b..30a2a5db7033 100644
--- a/lib/.gitignore
+++ b/lib/.gitignore
@@ -6,3 +6,4 @@
 /oid_registry_data.c
 /test_fortify.log
 /test_fortify/*.log
+/default.bconf
diff --git a/lib/Makefile b/lib/Makefile
index 300f569c626b..8183785ee99d 100644
--- a/lib/Makefile
+++ b/lib/Makefile
@@ -279,6 +279,18 @@ $(foreach file, $(libfdt_files), \
 	$(eval CFLAGS_$(file) = -I $(srctree)/scripts/dtc/libfdt))
 lib-$(CONFIG_LIBFDT) += $(libfdt_files)
 
+ifeq ($(CONFIG_EMBED_BOOT_CONFIG),y)
+# Since the specified bootconfig file can be switched, we forcibly update the
+# default.bconf file always.
+$(obj)/default.bconf: FORCE
+	$(call cmd,defbconf)
+
+quiet_cmd_defbconf = GEN     $@
+      cmd_defbconf = cat < /dev/null $(CONFIG_EMBED_BOOT_CONFIG_FILE) > $@
+clean-files	+= default.bconf
+$(obj)/bootconfig.o: $(obj)/default.bconf
+endif
+
 lib-$(CONFIG_BOOT_CONFIG) += bootconfig.o
 
 obj-$(CONFIG_RBTREE_TEST) += rbtree_test.o
diff --git a/lib/bootconfig.c b/lib/bootconfig.c
index 74f3201ab8e5..3a3bf3a208e3 100644
--- a/lib/bootconfig.c
+++ b/lib/bootconfig.c
@@ -12,6 +12,29 @@
 #include <linux/kernel.h>
 #include <linux/memblock.h>
 #include <linux/string.h>
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_EMBED_BOOT_CONFIG
+asm (
+"	.pushsection .init.data, \"aw\"			\n"
+"	.global embedded_bootconfig_data		\n"
+"embedded_bootconfig_data:				\n"
+"	.incbin \"lib/default.bconf\"			\n"
+"	.global embedded_bootconfig_data_end		\n"
+"embedded_bootconfig_data_end:				\n"
+"	.popsection					\n"
+);
+
+extern __visible char embedded_bootconfig_data[];
+extern __visible char embedded_bootconfig_data_end[];
+
+char * __init xbc_get_embedded_bootconfig(size_t *size)
+{
+	*size = embedded_bootconfig_data_end - embedded_bootconfig_data;
+	return (*size) ? embedded_bootconfig_data : NULL;
+}
+
+#endif
+
 #else /* !__KERNEL__ */
 /*
  * NOTE: This is only for tools/bootconfig, because tools/bootconfig will

[PATCH v2 3/3] docs: bootconfig: Add how to embed the bootconfig into kernel

[Masami Hiramatsu]

Add a description how to embed the bootconfig file into kernel.

Signed-off-by: Masami Hiramatsu <mhiramat@kernel.org>
---
 Changes in v3:
  - Fix typos.
 Changes in v2:
  - Corrected the text accoding to Randy's suggestion.
  - Do not reccomend to use relative path for CONFIG_EMBED_BOOT_CONFIG_FILE.
---
 Documentation/admin-guide/bootconfig.rst |   30 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++---
 1 file changed, 27 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)

diff --git a/Documentation/admin-guide/bootconfig.rst b/Documentation/admin-guide/bootconfig.rst
index a1860fc0ca88..9028e0f1307b 100644
--- a/Documentation/admin-guide/bootconfig.rst
+++ b/Documentation/admin-guide/bootconfig.rst
@@ -158,9 +158,15 @@ Each key-value pair is shown in each line with following style::
 Boot Kernel With a Boot Config
 ==============================
 
-Since the boot configuration file is loaded with initrd, it will be added
-to the end of the initrd (initramfs) image file with padding, size,
-checksum and 12-byte magic word as below.
+There are two options to boot the kernel with bootconfig: attaching the
+bootconfig to the initrd image or embedding it in the kernel itself.
+
+Attaching a Boot Config to Initrd
+---------------------------------
+
+Since the boot configuration file is loaded with initrd by default,
+it will be added to the end of the initrd (initramfs) image file with
+padding, size, checksum and 12-byte magic word as below.
 
 [initrd][bootconfig][padding][size(le32)][checksum(le32)][#BOOTCONFIG\n]
 
@@ -196,6 +202,24 @@ To remove the config from the image, you can use -d option as below::
 Then add "bootconfig" on the normal kernel command line to tell the
 kernel to look for the bootconfig at the end of the initrd file.
 
+Embedding a Boot Config into Kernel
+-----------------------------------
+
+If you can not use initrd, you can also embed the bootconfig file in the
+kernel by Kconfig options. In this case, you need to recompile the kernel
+with the following configs::
+
+ CONFIG_EMBED_BOOT_CONFIG=y
+ CONFIG_EMBED_BOOT_CONFIG_FILE="/PATH/TO/BOOTCONFIG/FILE"
+
+``CONFIG_EMBED_BOOT_CONFIG_FILE`` requires a correct absolute path to
+the bootconfig file. The kernel will embed it as the default bootconfig.
+
+Just as when attaching the bootconfig to the initrd, you need ``bootconfig``
+option on the kernel command line to enable the embedded bootconfig.
+
+Note that even if you set this option, you can override the embedded
+bootconfig by another bootconfig which attached to the initrd.
 
 Kernel parameters via Boot Config
 =================================

Re: [PATCH v2 2/3] bootconfig: Support embedding a bootconfig file in kernel

[Padmanabha Srinivasaiah]

Hello Masami Hiramatsu,

On Mon, Mar 14, 2022 at 06:08:41PM +0900, Masami Hiramatsu wrote:
> This allows kernel developer to embed a default bootconfig file in
> the kernel instead of embedding it in the initrd. This will be good
> for who are using the kernel without initrd, or who needs a default
> bootconfigs.
> This needs to set two kconfigs: CONFIG_EMBED_BOOT_CONFIG=y and set
> the file path to CONFIG_EMBED_BOOT_CONFIG_FILE.
> 
> Note that you still need 'bootconfig' command line option to load the
> embedded bootconfig. Also if you boot using an initrd with a different
> bootconfig, the kernel will use the bootconfig in the initrd, instead
> of the default bootconfig.
> 
> Signed-off-by: Masami Hiramatsu <mhiramat@kernel.org>
> ---
>  include/linux/bootconfig.h |   10 ++++++++++
>  init/Kconfig               |   21 +++++++++++++++++++++
>  init/main.c                |   13 ++++++++-----
>  lib/.gitignore             |    1 +
>  lib/Makefile               |   12 ++++++++++++
>  lib/bootconfig.c           |   23 +++++++++++++++++++++++
>  6 files changed, 75 insertions(+), 5 deletions(-)
> 
> diff --git a/include/linux/bootconfig.h b/include/linux/bootconfig.h
> index a4665c7ab07c..5dbda5e3e9bb 100644
> --- a/include/linux/bootconfig.h
> +++ b/include/linux/bootconfig.h
> @@ -289,4 +289,14 @@ int __init xbc_get_info(int *node_size, size_t *data_size);
>  /* XBC cleanup data structures */
>  void __init xbc_exit(void);
>  
> +/* XBC embedded bootconfig data in kernel */
> +#ifdef CONFIG_EMBED_BOOT_CONFIG
> +char * __init xbc_get_embedded_bootconfig(size_t *size);
> +#else
> +static inline char *xbc_get_embedded_bootconfig(size_t *size)
> +{
> +	return NULL;
> +}
> +#endif
> +
>  #endif
> diff --git a/init/Kconfig b/init/Kconfig
> index e9119bf54b1f..70440804874d 100644
> --- a/init/Kconfig
> +++ b/init/Kconfig
> @@ -1357,6 +1357,27 @@ config BOOT_CONFIG
>  
>  	  If unsure, say Y.
>  
> +config EMBED_BOOT_CONFIG
> +	bool "Embed bootconfig file in the kernel"
> +	depends on BOOT_CONFIG
> +	default n
> +	help
> +	  Embed a bootconfig file given by EMBED_BOOT_CONFIG_FILE in the
> +	  kernel. Usually, the bootconfig file is loaded with the initrd
> +	  image. But if the system doesn't support initrd, this option will
> +	  help you by embedding a bootconfig file while building the kernel.
> +
> +	  If unsure, say N.
> +
> +config EMBED_BOOT_CONFIG_FILE
> +	string "Embedded bootconfig file path"
> +	default ""
> +	depends on EMBED_BOOT_CONFIG
> +	help
> +	  Specify a bootconfig file which will be embedded to the kernel.
> +	  This bootconfig will be used if there is no initrd or no other
> +	  bootconfig in the initrd.
> +
>  choice
>  	prompt "Compiler optimization level"
>  	default CC_OPTIMIZE_FOR_PERFORMANCE
> diff --git a/init/main.c b/init/main.c
> index 421050be5039..3803bf2e22ea 100644
> --- a/init/main.c
> +++ b/init/main.c
> @@ -265,7 +265,7 @@ static int __init loglevel(char *str)
>  early_param("loglevel", loglevel);
>  
>  #ifdef CONFIG_BLK_DEV_INITRD
> -static void * __init get_boot_config_from_initrd(u32 *_size)
> +static void * __init get_boot_config_from_initrd(size_t *_size)
>  {
>  	u32 size, csum;
>  	char *data;
> @@ -411,12 +411,15 @@ static void __init setup_boot_config(void)
>  	static char tmp_cmdline[COMMAND_LINE_SIZE] __initdata;
>  	const char *msg;
>  	int pos;
> -	u32 size;
> +	size_t size;
>  	char *data, *err;
>  	int ret;
>  
>  	/* Cut out the bootconfig data even if we have no bootconfig option */
>  	data = get_boot_config_from_initrd(&size);
> +	/* If there is no bootconfig in initrd, try embedded one. */
> +	if (!data)
> +		data = xbc_get_embedded_bootconfig(&size);
>  
>  	strlcpy(tmp_cmdline, boot_command_line, COMMAND_LINE_SIZE);
>  	err = parse_args("bootconfig", tmp_cmdline, NULL, 0, 0, 0, NULL,
> @@ -435,8 +438,8 @@ static void __init setup_boot_config(void)
>  	}
>  
>  	if (size >= XBC_DATA_MAX) {
> -		pr_err("bootconfig size %d greater than max size %d\n",
> -			size, XBC_DATA_MAX);
> +		pr_err("bootconfig size %ld greater than max size %d\n",
> +			(long)size, XBC_DATA_MAX);
>  		return;
>  	}
>  
> @@ -449,7 +452,7 @@ static void __init setup_boot_config(void)
>  				msg, pos);
>  	} else {
>  		xbc_get_info(&ret, NULL);
> -		pr_info("Load bootconfig: %d bytes %d nodes\n", size, ret);
> +		pr_info("Load bootconfig: %ld bytes %d nodes\n", (long)size, ret);
>  		/* keys starting with "kernel." are passed via cmdline */
>  		extra_command_line = xbc_make_cmdline("kernel");
>  		/* Also, "init." keys are init arguments */
> diff --git a/lib/.gitignore b/lib/.gitignore
> index e5e217b8307b..30a2a5db7033 100644
> --- a/lib/.gitignore
> +++ b/lib/.gitignore
> @@ -6,3 +6,4 @@
>  /oid_registry_data.c
>  /test_fortify.log
>  /test_fortify/*.log
> +/default.bconf
> diff --git a/lib/Makefile b/lib/Makefile
> index 300f569c626b..8183785ee99d 100644
> --- a/lib/Makefile
> +++ b/lib/Makefile
> @@ -279,6 +279,18 @@ $(foreach file, $(libfdt_files), \
>  	$(eval CFLAGS_$(file) = -I $(srctree)/scripts/dtc/libfdt))
>  lib-$(CONFIG_LIBFDT) += $(libfdt_files)
>  
> +ifeq ($(CONFIG_EMBED_BOOT_CONFIG),y)
> +# Since the specified bootconfig file can be switched, we forcibly update the
> +# default.bconf file always.
> +$(obj)/default.bconf: FORCE
> +	$(call cmd,defbconf)
> +
> +quiet_cmd_defbconf = GEN     $@
> +      cmd_defbconf = cat < /dev/null $(CONFIG_EMBED_BOOT_CONFIG_FILE) > $@
> +clean-files	+= default.bconf
> +$(obj)/bootconfig.o: $(obj)/default.bconf
> +endif
> +
>  lib-$(CONFIG_BOOT_CONFIG) += bootconfig.o
>  
>  obj-$(CONFIG_RBTREE_TEST) += rbtree_test.o
> diff --git a/lib/bootconfig.c b/lib/bootconfig.c
> index 74f3201ab8e5..3a3bf3a208e3 100644
> --- a/lib/bootconfig.c
> +++ b/lib/bootconfig.c
> @@ -12,6 +12,29 @@
>  #include <linux/kernel.h>
>  #include <linux/memblock.h>
>  #include <linux/string.h>
> +
> +#ifdef CONFIG_EMBED_BOOT_CONFIG
> +asm (
> +"	.pushsection .init.data, \"aw\"			\n"
> +"	.global embedded_bootconfig_data		\n"
> +"embedded_bootconfig_data:				\n"
> +"	.incbin \"lib/default.bconf\"			\n"
> +"	.global embedded_bootconfig_data_end		\n"
> +"embedded_bootconfig_data_end:				\n"
> +"	.popsection					\n"
> +);
> +
> +extern __visible char embedded_bootconfig_data[];
> +extern __visible char embedded_bootconfig_data_end[];
> +
> +char * __init xbc_get_embedded_bootconfig(size_t *size)
> +{
> +	*size = embedded_bootconfig_data_end - embedded_bootconfig_data;
> +	return (*size) ? embedded_bootconfig_data : NULL;
> +}
> +
> +#endif
> +
>  #else /* !__KERNEL__ */
>  /*
>   * NOTE: This is only for tools/bootconfig, because tools/bootconfig will
>

Thanks tested the implemation, it works as expected.

Also noted that a change in default.bconf requries a clean build, is it
expected behaviour?

Thanks and Regards,
Padmanabha.S

Re: [PATCH v2 2/3] bootconfig: Support embedding a bootconfig file in kernel

[Masami Hiramatsu]

On Wed, 16 Mar 2022 20:16:49 +0100
Padmanabha Srinivasaiah <treasure4paddy@gmail.com> wrote:

> Hello Masami Hiramatsu,
> 
> On Mon, Mar 14, 2022 at 06:08:41PM +0900, Masami Hiramatsu wrote:
> > This allows kernel developer to embed a default bootconfig file in
> > the kernel instead of embedding it in the initrd. This will be good
> > for who are using the kernel without initrd, or who needs a default
> > bootconfigs.
> > This needs to set two kconfigs: CONFIG_EMBED_BOOT_CONFIG=y and set
> > the file path to CONFIG_EMBED_BOOT_CONFIG_FILE.
> > 
> > Note that you still need 'bootconfig' command line option to load the
> > embedded bootconfig. Also if you boot using an initrd with a different
> > bootconfig, the kernel will use the bootconfig in the initrd, instead
> > of the default bootconfig.
> > 
> > Signed-off-by: Masami Hiramatsu <mhiramat@kernel.org>
> > ---
> >  include/linux/bootconfig.h |   10 ++++++++++
> >  init/Kconfig               |   21 +++++++++++++++++++++
> >  init/main.c                |   13 ++++++++-----
> >  lib/.gitignore             |    1 +
> >  lib/Makefile               |   12 ++++++++++++
> >  lib/bootconfig.c           |   23 +++++++++++++++++++++++
> >  6 files changed, 75 insertions(+), 5 deletions(-)
> > 
> > diff --git a/include/linux/bootconfig.h b/include/linux/bootconfig.h
> > index a4665c7ab07c..5dbda5e3e9bb 100644
> > --- a/include/linux/bootconfig.h
> > +++ b/include/linux/bootconfig.h
> > @@ -289,4 +289,14 @@ int __init xbc_get_info(int *node_size, size_t *data_size);
> >  /* XBC cleanup data structures */
> >  void __init xbc_exit(void);
> >  
> > +/* XBC embedded bootconfig data in kernel */
> > +#ifdef CONFIG_EMBED_BOOT_CONFIG
> > +char * __init xbc_get_embedded_bootconfig(size_t *size);
> > +#else
> > +static inline char *xbc_get_embedded_bootconfig(size_t *size)
> > +{
> > +	return NULL;
> > +}
> > +#endif
> > +
> >  #endif
> > diff --git a/init/Kconfig b/init/Kconfig
> > index e9119bf54b1f..70440804874d 100644
> > --- a/init/Kconfig
> > +++ b/init/Kconfig
> > @@ -1357,6 +1357,27 @@ config BOOT_CONFIG
> >  
> >  	  If unsure, say Y.
> >  
> > +config EMBED_BOOT_CONFIG
> > +	bool "Embed bootconfig file in the kernel"
> > +	depends on BOOT_CONFIG
> > +	default n
> > +	help
> > +	  Embed a bootconfig file given by EMBED_BOOT_CONFIG_FILE in the
> > +	  kernel. Usually, the bootconfig file is loaded with the initrd
> > +	  image. But if the system doesn't support initrd, this option will
> > +	  help you by embedding a bootconfig file while building the kernel.
> > +
> > +	  If unsure, say N.
> > +
> > +config EMBED_BOOT_CONFIG_FILE
> > +	string "Embedded bootconfig file path"
> > +	default ""
> > +	depends on EMBED_BOOT_CONFIG
> > +	help
> > +	  Specify a bootconfig file which will be embedded to the kernel.
> > +	  This bootconfig will be used if there is no initrd or no other
> > +	  bootconfig in the initrd.
> > +
> >  choice
> >  	prompt "Compiler optimization level"
> >  	default CC_OPTIMIZE_FOR_PERFORMANCE
> > diff --git a/init/main.c b/init/main.c
> > index 421050be5039..3803bf2e22ea 100644
> > --- a/init/main.c
> > +++ b/init/main.c
> > @@ -265,7 +265,7 @@ static int __init loglevel(char *str)
> >  early_param("loglevel", loglevel);
> >  
> >  #ifdef CONFIG_BLK_DEV_INITRD
> > -static void * __init get_boot_config_from_initrd(u32 *_size)
> > +static void * __init get_boot_config_from_initrd(size_t *_size)
> >  {
> >  	u32 size, csum;
> >  	char *data;
> > @@ -411,12 +411,15 @@ static void __init setup_boot_config(void)
> >  	static char tmp_cmdline[COMMAND_LINE_SIZE] __initdata;
> >  	const char *msg;
> >  	int pos;
> > -	u32 size;
> > +	size_t size;
> >  	char *data, *err;
> >  	int ret;
> >  
> >  	/* Cut out the bootconfig data even if we have no bootconfig option */
> >  	data = get_boot_config_from_initrd(&size);
> > +	/* If there is no bootconfig in initrd, try embedded one. */
> > +	if (!data)
> > +		data = xbc_get_embedded_bootconfig(&size);
> >  
> >  	strlcpy(tmp_cmdline, boot_command_line, COMMAND_LINE_SIZE);
> >  	err = parse_args("bootconfig", tmp_cmdline, NULL, 0, 0, 0, NULL,
> > @@ -435,8 +438,8 @@ static void __init setup_boot_config(void)
> >  	}
> >  
> >  	if (size >= XBC_DATA_MAX) {
> > -		pr_err("bootconfig size %d greater than max size %d\n",
> > -			size, XBC_DATA_MAX);
> > +		pr_err("bootconfig size %ld greater than max size %d\n",
> > +			(long)size, XBC_DATA_MAX);
> >  		return;
> >  	}
> >  
> > @@ -449,7 +452,7 @@ static void __init setup_boot_config(void)
> >  				msg, pos);
> >  	} else {
> >  		xbc_get_info(&ret, NULL);
> > -		pr_info("Load bootconfig: %d bytes %d nodes\n", size, ret);
> > +		pr_info("Load bootconfig: %ld bytes %d nodes\n", (long)size, ret);
> >  		/* keys starting with "kernel." are passed via cmdline */
> >  		extra_command_line = xbc_make_cmdline("kernel");
> >  		/* Also, "init." keys are init arguments */
> > diff --git a/lib/.gitignore b/lib/.gitignore
> > index e5e217b8307b..30a2a5db7033 100644
> > --- a/lib/.gitignore
> > +++ b/lib/.gitignore
> > @@ -6,3 +6,4 @@
> >  /oid_registry_data.c
> >  /test_fortify.log
> >  /test_fortify/*.log
> > +/default.bconf
> > diff --git a/lib/Makefile b/lib/Makefile
> > index 300f569c626b..8183785ee99d 100644
> > --- a/lib/Makefile
> > +++ b/lib/Makefile
> > @@ -279,6 +279,18 @@ $(foreach file, $(libfdt_files), \
> >  	$(eval CFLAGS_$(file) = -I $(srctree)/scripts/dtc/libfdt))
> >  lib-$(CONFIG_LIBFDT) += $(libfdt_files)
> >  
> > +ifeq ($(CONFIG_EMBED_BOOT_CONFIG),y)
> > +# Since the specified bootconfig file can be switched, we forcibly update the
> > +# default.bconf file always.
> > +$(obj)/default.bconf: FORCE
> > +	$(call cmd,defbconf)
> > +
> > +quiet_cmd_defbconf = GEN     $@
> > +      cmd_defbconf = cat < /dev/null $(CONFIG_EMBED_BOOT_CONFIG_FILE) > $@
> > +clean-files	+= default.bconf
> > +$(obj)/bootconfig.o: $(obj)/default.bconf
> > +endif
> > +
> >  lib-$(CONFIG_BOOT_CONFIG) += bootconfig.o
> >  
> >  obj-$(CONFIG_RBTREE_TEST) += rbtree_test.o
> > diff --git a/lib/bootconfig.c b/lib/bootconfig.c
> > index 74f3201ab8e5..3a3bf3a208e3 100644
> > --- a/lib/bootconfig.c
> > +++ b/lib/bootconfig.c
> > @@ -12,6 +12,29 @@
> >  #include <linux/kernel.h>
> >  #include <linux/memblock.h>
> >  #include <linux/string.h>
> > +
> > +#ifdef CONFIG_EMBED_BOOT_CONFIG
> > +asm (
> > +"	.pushsection .init.data, \"aw\"			\n"
> > +"	.global embedded_bootconfig_data		\n"
> > +"embedded_bootconfig_data:				\n"
> > +"	.incbin \"lib/default.bconf\"			\n"
> > +"	.global embedded_bootconfig_data_end		\n"
> > +"embedded_bootconfig_data_end:				\n"
> > +"	.popsection					\n"
> > +);
> > +
> > +extern __visible char embedded_bootconfig_data[];
> > +extern __visible char embedded_bootconfig_data_end[];
> > +
> > +char * __init xbc_get_embedded_bootconfig(size_t *size)
> > +{
> > +	*size = embedded_bootconfig_data_end - embedded_bootconfig_data;
> > +	return (*size) ? embedded_bootconfig_data : NULL;
> > +}
> > +
> > +#endif
> > +
> >  #else /* !__KERNEL__ */
> >  /*
> >   * NOTE: This is only for tools/bootconfig, because tools/bootconfig will
> >
> 
> Thanks tested the implemation, it works as expected.

Great!

> 
> Also noted that a change in default.bconf requries a clean build, is it
> expected behaviour?

default.bconf will be always updated if CONFIG_EMBED_BOOT_CONFIG=y. So you can
do incremental build. (I tested it with the incremental build environment)

Thank you,

> 
> Thanks and Regards,
> Padmanabha.S


-- 
Masami Hiramatsu <mhiramat@kernel.org>

Re: [PATCH v2 2/3] bootconfig: Support embedding a bootconfig file in kernel

[Padmanabha Srinivasaiah]

Hello Masami Hiramatsu,

On Fri, Mar 18, 2022 at 10:14:45AM +0900, Masami Hiramatsu wrote:
> On Wed, 16 Mar 2022 20:16:49 +0100
> Padmanabha Srinivasaiah <treasure4paddy@gmail.com> wrote:
> 
> > Hello Masami Hiramatsu,
> > 
> > On Mon, Mar 14, 2022 at 06:08:41PM +0900, Masami Hiramatsu wrote:
> > > This allows kernel developer to embed a default bootconfig file in
> > > the kernel instead of embedding it in the initrd. This will be good
> > > for who are using the kernel without initrd, or who needs a default
> > > bootconfigs.
> > > This needs to set two kconfigs: CONFIG_EMBED_BOOT_CONFIG=y and set
> > > the file path to CONFIG_EMBED_BOOT_CONFIG_FILE.
> > > 
> > > Note that you still need 'bootconfig' command line option to load the
> > > embedded bootconfig. Also if you boot using an initrd with a different
> > > bootconfig, the kernel will use the bootconfig in the initrd, instead
> > > of the default bootconfig.
> > > 
> > > Signed-off-by: Masami Hiramatsu <mhiramat@kernel.org>
> > > ---
> > >  include/linux/bootconfig.h |   10 ++++++++++
> > >  init/Kconfig               |   21 +++++++++++++++++++++
> > >  init/main.c                |   13 ++++++++-----
> > >  lib/.gitignore             |    1 +
> > >  lib/Makefile               |   12 ++++++++++++
> > >  lib/bootconfig.c           |   23 +++++++++++++++++++++++
> > >  6 files changed, 75 insertions(+), 5 deletions(-)
> > > 
> > > diff --git a/include/linux/bootconfig.h b/include/linux/bootconfig.h
> > > index a4665c7ab07c..5dbda5e3e9bb 100644
> > > --- a/include/linux/bootconfig.h
> > > +++ b/include/linux/bootconfig.h
> > > @@ -289,4 +289,14 @@ int __init xbc_get_info(int *node_size, size_t *data_size);
> > >  /* XBC cleanup data structures */
> > >  void __init xbc_exit(void);
> > >  
> > > +/* XBC embedded bootconfig data in kernel */
> > > +#ifdef CONFIG_EMBED_BOOT_CONFIG
> > > +char * __init xbc_get_embedded_bootconfig(size_t *size);
> > > +#else
> > > +static inline char *xbc_get_embedded_bootconfig(size_t *size)
> > > +{
> > > +	return NULL;
> > > +}
> > > +#endif
> > > +
> > >  #endif
> > > diff --git a/init/Kconfig b/init/Kconfig
> > > index e9119bf54b1f..70440804874d 100644
> > > --- a/init/Kconfig
> > > +++ b/init/Kconfig
> > > @@ -1357,6 +1357,27 @@ config BOOT_CONFIG
> > >  
> > >  	  If unsure, say Y.
> > >  
> > > +config EMBED_BOOT_CONFIG
> > > +	bool "Embed bootconfig file in the kernel"
> > > +	depends on BOOT_CONFIG
> > > +	default n
> > > +	help
> > > +	  Embed a bootconfig file given by EMBED_BOOT_CONFIG_FILE in the
> > > +	  kernel. Usually, the bootconfig file is loaded with the initrd
> > > +	  image. But if the system doesn't support initrd, this option will
> > > +	  help you by embedding a bootconfig file while building the kernel.
> > > +
> > > +	  If unsure, say N.
> > > +
> > > +config EMBED_BOOT_CONFIG_FILE
> > > +	string "Embedded bootconfig file path"
> > > +	default ""
> > > +	depends on EMBED_BOOT_CONFIG
> > > +	help
> > > +	  Specify a bootconfig file which will be embedded to the kernel.
> > > +	  This bootconfig will be used if there is no initrd or no other
> > > +	  bootconfig in the initrd.
> > > +
> > >  choice
> > >  	prompt "Compiler optimization level"
> > >  	default CC_OPTIMIZE_FOR_PERFORMANCE
> > > diff --git a/init/main.c b/init/main.c
> > > index 421050be5039..3803bf2e22ea 100644
> > > --- a/init/main.c
> > > +++ b/init/main.c
> > > @@ -265,7 +265,7 @@ static int __init loglevel(char *str)
> > >  early_param("loglevel", loglevel);
> > >  
> > >  #ifdef CONFIG_BLK_DEV_INITRD
> > > -static void * __init get_boot_config_from_initrd(u32 *_size)
> > > +static void * __init get_boot_config_from_initrd(size_t *_size)
> > >  {
> > >  	u32 size, csum;
> > >  	char *data;
> > > @@ -411,12 +411,15 @@ static void __init setup_boot_config(void)
> > >  	static char tmp_cmdline[COMMAND_LINE_SIZE] __initdata;
> > >  	const char *msg;
> > >  	int pos;
> > > -	u32 size;
> > > +	size_t size;
> > >  	char *data, *err;
> > >  	int ret;
> > >  
> > >  	/* Cut out the bootconfig data even if we have no bootconfig option */
> > >  	data = get_boot_config_from_initrd(&size);
> > > +	/* If there is no bootconfig in initrd, try embedded one. */
> > > +	if (!data)
> > > +		data = xbc_get_embedded_bootconfig(&size);
> > >  
> > >  	strlcpy(tmp_cmdline, boot_command_line, COMMAND_LINE_SIZE);
> > >  	err = parse_args("bootconfig", tmp_cmdline, NULL, 0, 0, 0, NULL,
> > > @@ -435,8 +438,8 @@ static void __init setup_boot_config(void)
> > >  	}
> > >  
> > >  	if (size >= XBC_DATA_MAX) {
> > > -		pr_err("bootconfig size %d greater than max size %d\n",
> > > -			size, XBC_DATA_MAX);
> > > +		pr_err("bootconfig size %ld greater than max size %d\n",
> > > +			(long)size, XBC_DATA_MAX);
> > >  		return;
> > >  	}
> > >  
> > > @@ -449,7 +452,7 @@ static void __init setup_boot_config(void)
> > >  				msg, pos);
> > >  	} else {
> > >  		xbc_get_info(&ret, NULL);
> > > -		pr_info("Load bootconfig: %d bytes %d nodes\n", size, ret);
> > > +		pr_info("Load bootconfig: %ld bytes %d nodes\n", (long)size, ret);
> > >  		/* keys starting with "kernel." are passed via cmdline */
> > >  		extra_command_line = xbc_make_cmdline("kernel");
> > >  		/* Also, "init." keys are init arguments */
> > > diff --git a/lib/.gitignore b/lib/.gitignore
> > > index e5e217b8307b..30a2a5db7033 100644
> > > --- a/lib/.gitignore
> > > +++ b/lib/.gitignore
> > > @@ -6,3 +6,4 @@
> > >  /oid_registry_data.c
> > >  /test_fortify.log
> > >  /test_fortify/*.log
> > > +/default.bconf
> > > diff --git a/lib/Makefile b/lib/Makefile
> > > index 300f569c626b..8183785ee99d 100644
> > > --- a/lib/Makefile
> > > +++ b/lib/Makefile
> > > @@ -279,6 +279,18 @@ $(foreach file, $(libfdt_files), \
> > >  	$(eval CFLAGS_$(file) = -I $(srctree)/scripts/dtc/libfdt))
> > >  lib-$(CONFIG_LIBFDT) += $(libfdt_files)
> > >  
> > > +ifeq ($(CONFIG_EMBED_BOOT_CONFIG),y)
> > > +# Since the specified bootconfig file can be switched, we forcibly update the
> > > +# default.bconf file always.
> > > +$(obj)/default.bconf: FORCE
> > > +	$(call cmd,defbconf)
> > > +
> > > +quiet_cmd_defbconf = GEN     $@
> > > +      cmd_defbconf = cat < /dev/null $(CONFIG_EMBED_BOOT_CONFIG_FILE) > $@
> > > +clean-files	+= default.bconf
> > > +$(obj)/bootconfig.o: $(obj)/default.bconf
> > > +endif
> > > +
> > >  lib-$(CONFIG_BOOT_CONFIG) += bootconfig.o
> > >  
> > >  obj-$(CONFIG_RBTREE_TEST) += rbtree_test.o
> > > diff --git a/lib/bootconfig.c b/lib/bootconfig.c
> > > index 74f3201ab8e5..3a3bf3a208e3 100644
> > > --- a/lib/bootconfig.c
> > > +++ b/lib/bootconfig.c
> > > @@ -12,6 +12,29 @@
> > >  #include <linux/kernel.h>
> > >  #include <linux/memblock.h>
> > >  #include <linux/string.h>
> > > +
> > > +#ifdef CONFIG_EMBED_BOOT_CONFIG
> > > +asm (
> > > +"	.pushsection .init.data, \"aw\"			\n"
> > > +"	.global embedded_bootconfig_data		\n"
> > > +"embedded_bootconfig_data:				\n"
> > > +"	.incbin \"lib/default.bconf\"			\n"
> > > +"	.global embedded_bootconfig_data_end		\n"
> > > +"embedded_bootconfig_data_end:				\n"
> > > +"	.popsection					\n"
> > > +);
> > > +
> > > +extern __visible char embedded_bootconfig_data[];
> > > +extern __visible char embedded_bootconfig_data_end[];
> > > +
> > > +char * __init xbc_get_embedded_bootconfig(size_t *size)
> > > +{
> > > +	*size = embedded_bootconfig_data_end - embedded_bootconfig_data;
> > > +	return (*size) ? embedded_bootconfig_data : NULL;
> > > +}
> > > +
> > > +#endif
> > > +
> > >  #else /* !__KERNEL__ */
> > >  /*
> > >   * NOTE: This is only for tools/bootconfig, because tools/bootconfig will
> > >
> > 
> > Thanks tested the implemation, it works as expected.
> 
> Great!
> 
> > 
> > Also noted that a change in default.bconf requries a clean build, is it
> > expected behaviour?
> 
> default.bconf will be always updated if CONFIG_EMBED_BOOT_CONFIG=y. So you can
> do incremental build. (I tested it with the incremental build environment)
>

Thanks, your observation made me to further experiment ther incremental build.

Below are the observations I have:

When I use GCC for a build; yes, the modified default.conf was observed on
the target.

But when I use clang; either with FULL or THIN LTO, the modified
default.conf doesnt get reflected on the target.

PS: Using: GCC version 8.2.1 20180802, LLVM version 13.0.2git.

Thank you,
Padmanabha.S
> Thank you,
> 
> > 
> > Thanks and Regards,
> > Padmanabha.S
> 
> 
> -- 
> Masami Hiramatsu <mhiramat@kernel.org>

Re: [PATCH v2 2/3] bootconfig: Support embedding a bootconfig file in kernel

[Masami Hiramatsu]

On Mon, 21 Mar 2022 19:35:00 +0100
Padmanabha Srinivasaiah <treasure4paddy@gmail.com> wrote:

> Hello Masami Hiramatsu,
> 
> On Fri, Mar 18, 2022 at 10:14:45AM +0900, Masami Hiramatsu wrote:
> > On Wed, 16 Mar 2022 20:16:49 +0100
> > Padmanabha Srinivasaiah <treasure4paddy@gmail.com> wrote:
> > 
> > > Hello Masami Hiramatsu,
> > > 
> > > On Mon, Mar 14, 2022 at 06:08:41PM +0900, Masami Hiramatsu wrote:
> > > > This allows kernel developer to embed a default bootconfig file in
> > > > the kernel instead of embedding it in the initrd. This will be good
> > > > for who are using the kernel without initrd, or who needs a default
> > > > bootconfigs.
> > > > This needs to set two kconfigs: CONFIG_EMBED_BOOT_CONFIG=y and set
> > > > the file path to CONFIG_EMBED_BOOT_CONFIG_FILE.
> > > > 
> > > > Note that you still need 'bootconfig' command line option to load the
> > > > embedded bootconfig. Also if you boot using an initrd with a different
> > > > bootconfig, the kernel will use the bootconfig in the initrd, instead
> > > > of the default bootconfig.
> > > > 
> > > > Signed-off-by: Masami Hiramatsu <mhiramat@kernel.org>
> > > > ---
> > > >  include/linux/bootconfig.h |   10 ++++++++++
> > > >  init/Kconfig               |   21 +++++++++++++++++++++
> > > >  init/main.c                |   13 ++++++++-----
> > > >  lib/.gitignore             |    1 +
> > > >  lib/Makefile               |   12 ++++++++++++
> > > >  lib/bootconfig.c           |   23 +++++++++++++++++++++++
> > > >  6 files changed, 75 insertions(+), 5 deletions(-)
> > > > 
> > > > diff --git a/include/linux/bootconfig.h b/include/linux/bootconfig.h
> > > > index a4665c7ab07c..5dbda5e3e9bb 100644
> > > > --- a/include/linux/bootconfig.h
> > > > +++ b/include/linux/bootconfig.h
> > > > @@ -289,4 +289,14 @@ int __init xbc_get_info(int *node_size, size_t *data_size);
> > > >  /* XBC cleanup data structures */
> > > >  void __init xbc_exit(void);
> > > >  
> > > > +/* XBC embedded bootconfig data in kernel */
> > > > +#ifdef CONFIG_EMBED_BOOT_CONFIG
> > > > +char * __init xbc_get_embedded_bootconfig(size_t *size);
> > > > +#else
> > > > +static inline char *xbc_get_embedded_bootconfig(size_t *size)
> > > > +{
> > > > +	return NULL;
> > > > +}
> > > > +#endif
> > > > +
> > > >  #endif
> > > > diff --git a/init/Kconfig b/init/Kconfig
> > > > index e9119bf54b1f..70440804874d 100644
> > > > --- a/init/Kconfig
> > > > +++ b/init/Kconfig
> > > > @@ -1357,6 +1357,27 @@ config BOOT_CONFIG
> > > >  
> > > >  	  If unsure, say Y.
> > > >  
> > > > +config EMBED_BOOT_CONFIG
> > > > +	bool "Embed bootconfig file in the kernel"
> > > > +	depends on BOOT_CONFIG
> > > > +	default n
> > > > +	help
> > > > +	  Embed a bootconfig file given by EMBED_BOOT_CONFIG_FILE in the
> > > > +	  kernel. Usually, the bootconfig file is loaded with the initrd
> > > > +	  image. But if the system doesn't support initrd, this option will
> > > > +	  help you by embedding a bootconfig file while building the kernel.
> > > > +
> > > > +	  If unsure, say N.
> > > > +
> > > > +config EMBED_BOOT_CONFIG_FILE
> > > > +	string "Embedded bootconfig file path"
> > > > +	default ""
> > > > +	depends on EMBED_BOOT_CONFIG
> > > > +	help
> > > > +	  Specify a bootconfig file which will be embedded to the kernel.
> > > > +	  This bootconfig will be used if there is no initrd or no other
> > > > +	  bootconfig in the initrd.
> > > > +
> > > >  choice
> > > >  	prompt "Compiler optimization level"
> > > >  	default CC_OPTIMIZE_FOR_PERFORMANCE
> > > > diff --git a/init/main.c b/init/main.c
> > > > index 421050be5039..3803bf2e22ea 100644
> > > > --- a/init/main.c
> > > > +++ b/init/main.c
> > > > @@ -265,7 +265,7 @@ static int __init loglevel(char *str)
> > > >  early_param("loglevel", loglevel);
> > > >  
> > > >  #ifdef CONFIG_BLK_DEV_INITRD
> > > > -static void * __init get_boot_config_from_initrd(u32 *_size)
> > > > +static void * __init get_boot_config_from_initrd(size_t *_size)
> > > >  {
> > > >  	u32 size, csum;
> > > >  	char *data;
> > > > @@ -411,12 +411,15 @@ static void __init setup_boot_config(void)
> > > >  	static char tmp_cmdline[COMMAND_LINE_SIZE] __initdata;
> > > >  	const char *msg;
> > > >  	int pos;
> > > > -	u32 size;
> > > > +	size_t size;
> > > >  	char *data, *err;
> > > >  	int ret;
> > > >  
> > > >  	/* Cut out the bootconfig data even if we have no bootconfig option */
> > > >  	data = get_boot_config_from_initrd(&size);
> > > > +	/* If there is no bootconfig in initrd, try embedded one. */
> > > > +	if (!data)
> > > > +		data = xbc_get_embedded_bootconfig(&size);
> > > >  
> > > >  	strlcpy(tmp_cmdline, boot_command_line, COMMAND_LINE_SIZE);
> > > >  	err = parse_args("bootconfig", tmp_cmdline, NULL, 0, 0, 0, NULL,
> > > > @@ -435,8 +438,8 @@ static void __init setup_boot_config(void)
> > > >  	}
> > > >  
> > > >  	if (size >= XBC_DATA_MAX) {
> > > > -		pr_err("bootconfig size %d greater than max size %d\n",
> > > > -			size, XBC_DATA_MAX);
> > > > +		pr_err("bootconfig size %ld greater than max size %d\n",
> > > > +			(long)size, XBC_DATA_MAX);
> > > >  		return;
> > > >  	}
> > > >  
> > > > @@ -449,7 +452,7 @@ static void __init setup_boot_config(void)
> > > >  				msg, pos);
> > > >  	} else {
> > > >  		xbc_get_info(&ret, NULL);
> > > > -		pr_info("Load bootconfig: %d bytes %d nodes\n", size, ret);
> > > > +		pr_info("Load bootconfig: %ld bytes %d nodes\n", (long)size, ret);
> > > >  		/* keys starting with "kernel." are passed via cmdline */
> > > >  		extra_command_line = xbc_make_cmdline("kernel");
> > > >  		/* Also, "init." keys are init arguments */
> > > > diff --git a/lib/.gitignore b/lib/.gitignore
> > > > index e5e217b8307b..30a2a5db7033 100644
> > > > --- a/lib/.gitignore
> > > > +++ b/lib/.gitignore
> > > > @@ -6,3 +6,4 @@
> > > >  /oid_registry_data.c
> > > >  /test_fortify.log
> > > >  /test_fortify/*.log
> > > > +/default.bconf
> > > > diff --git a/lib/Makefile b/lib/Makefile
> > > > index 300f569c626b..8183785ee99d 100644
> > > > --- a/lib/Makefile
> > > > +++ b/lib/Makefile
> > > > @@ -279,6 +279,18 @@ $(foreach file, $(libfdt_files), \
> > > >  	$(eval CFLAGS_$(file) = -I $(srctree)/scripts/dtc/libfdt))
> > > >  lib-$(CONFIG_LIBFDT) += $(libfdt_files)
> > > >  
> > > > +ifeq ($(CONFIG_EMBED_BOOT_CONFIG),y)
> > > > +# Since the specified bootconfig file can be switched, we forcibly update the
> > > > +# default.bconf file always.
> > > > +$(obj)/default.bconf: FORCE
> > > > +	$(call cmd,defbconf)
> > > > +
> > > > +quiet_cmd_defbconf = GEN     $@
> > > > +      cmd_defbconf = cat < /dev/null $(CONFIG_EMBED_BOOT_CONFIG_FILE) > $@
> > > > +clean-files	+= default.bconf
> > > > +$(obj)/bootconfig.o: $(obj)/default.bconf
> > > > +endif
> > > > +
> > > >  lib-$(CONFIG_BOOT_CONFIG) += bootconfig.o
> > > >  
> > > >  obj-$(CONFIG_RBTREE_TEST) += rbtree_test.o
> > > > diff --git a/lib/bootconfig.c b/lib/bootconfig.c
> > > > index 74f3201ab8e5..3a3bf3a208e3 100644
> > > > --- a/lib/bootconfig.c
> > > > +++ b/lib/bootconfig.c
> > > > @@ -12,6 +12,29 @@
> > > >  #include <linux/kernel.h>
> > > >  #include <linux/memblock.h>
> > > >  #include <linux/string.h>
> > > > +
> > > > +#ifdef CONFIG_EMBED_BOOT_CONFIG
> > > > +asm (
> > > > +"	.pushsection .init.data, \"aw\"			\n"
> > > > +"	.global embedded_bootconfig_data		\n"
> > > > +"embedded_bootconfig_data:				\n"
> > > > +"	.incbin \"lib/default.bconf\"			\n"
> > > > +"	.global embedded_bootconfig_data_end		\n"
> > > > +"embedded_bootconfig_data_end:				\n"
> > > > +"	.popsection					\n"
> > > > +);
> > > > +
> > > > +extern __visible char embedded_bootconfig_data[];
> > > > +extern __visible char embedded_bootconfig_data_end[];
> > > > +
> > > > +char * __init xbc_get_embedded_bootconfig(size_t *size)
> > > > +{
> > > > +	*size = embedded_bootconfig_data_end - embedded_bootconfig_data;
> > > > +	return (*size) ? embedded_bootconfig_data : NULL;
> > > > +}
> > > > +
> > > > +#endif
> > > > +
> > > >  #else /* !__KERNEL__ */
> > > >  /*
> > > >   * NOTE: This is only for tools/bootconfig, because tools/bootconfig will
> > > >
> > > 
> > > Thanks tested the implemation, it works as expected.
> > 
> > Great!
> > 
> > > 
> > > Also noted that a change in default.bconf requries a clean build, is it
> > > expected behaviour?
> > 
> > default.bconf will be always updated if CONFIG_EMBED_BOOT_CONFIG=y. So you can
> > do incremental build. (I tested it with the incremental build environment)
> >
> 
> Thanks, your observation made me to further experiment ther incremental build.
> 
> Below are the observations I have:
> 
> When I use GCC for a build; yes, the modified default.conf was observed on
> the target.
> 
> But when I use clang; either with FULL or THIN LTO, the modified
> default.conf doesnt get reflected on the target.

Hmm, curious. So you just add 'CC=clang' on the make command line, right?
Can you confirm that following line in your build log,

  GEN     lib/default.bconf

and the timestamp of lib/bootconfig.o is built after lib/default.bconf file?

And is that related to CONFIG_LTO? What happen if CONFIG_LTO=n?

Thank you,

> 
> PS: Using: GCC version 8.2.1 20180802, LLVM version 13.0.2git.
> 
> Thank you,
> Padmanabha.S
> > Thank you,
> > 
> > > 
> > > Thanks and Regards,
> > > Padmanabha.S
> > 
> > 
> > -- 
> > Masami Hiramatsu <mhiramat@kernel.org>


-- 
Masami Hiramatsu <mhiramat@kernel.org>

Re: [PATCH v2 2/3] bootconfig: Support embedding a bootconfig file in kernel

[Padmanabha Srinivasaiah]

Hello Masami Hiramatsu,

On Tue, Mar 22, 2022 at 12:03:11PM +0900, Masami Hiramatsu wrote:
> On Mon, 21 Mar 2022 19:35:00 +0100
> Padmanabha Srinivasaiah <treasure4paddy@gmail.com> wrote:
> 
> > Hello Masami Hiramatsu,
> > 
> > On Fri, Mar 18, 2022 at 10:14:45AM +0900, Masami Hiramatsu wrote:
> > > On Wed, 16 Mar 2022 20:16:49 +0100
> > > Padmanabha Srinivasaiah <treasure4paddy@gmail.com> wrote:
> > > 
> > > > Hello Masami Hiramatsu,
> > > > 
> > > > On Mon, Mar 14, 2022 at 06:08:41PM +0900, Masami Hiramatsu wrote:
> > > > > This allows kernel developer to embed a default bootconfig file in
> > > > > the kernel instead of embedding it in the initrd. This will be good
> > > > > for who are using the kernel without initrd, or who needs a default
> > > > > bootconfigs.
> > > > > This needs to set two kconfigs: CONFIG_EMBED_BOOT_CONFIG=y and set
> > > > > the file path to CONFIG_EMBED_BOOT_CONFIG_FILE.
> > > > > 
> > > > > Note that you still need 'bootconfig' command line option to load the
> > > > > embedded bootconfig. Also if you boot using an initrd with a different
> > > > > bootconfig, the kernel will use the bootconfig in the initrd, instead
> > > > > of the default bootconfig.
> > > > > 
> > > > > Signed-off-by: Masami Hiramatsu <mhiramat@kernel.org>
> > > > > ---
> > > > >  include/linux/bootconfig.h |   10 ++++++++++
> > > > >  init/Kconfig               |   21 +++++++++++++++++++++
> > > > >  init/main.c                |   13 ++++++++-----
> > > > >  lib/.gitignore             |    1 +
> > > > >  lib/Makefile               |   12 ++++++++++++
> > > > >  lib/bootconfig.c           |   23 +++++++++++++++++++++++
> > > > >  6 files changed, 75 insertions(+), 5 deletions(-)
> > > > > 
> > > > > diff --git a/include/linux/bootconfig.h b/include/linux/bootconfig.h
> > > > > index a4665c7ab07c..5dbda5e3e9bb 100644
> > > > > --- a/include/linux/bootconfig.h
> > > > > +++ b/include/linux/bootconfig.h
> > > > > @@ -289,4 +289,14 @@ int __init xbc_get_info(int *node_size, size_t *data_size);
> > > > >  /* XBC cleanup data structures */
> > > > >  void __init xbc_exit(void);
> > > > >  
> > > > > +/* XBC embedded bootconfig data in kernel */
> > > > > +#ifdef CONFIG_EMBED_BOOT_CONFIG
> > > > > +char * __init xbc_get_embedded_bootconfig(size_t *size);
> > > > > +#else
> > > > > +static inline char *xbc_get_embedded_bootconfig(size_t *size)
> > > > > +{
> > > > > +	return NULL;
> > > > > +}
> > > > > +#endif
> > > > > +
> > > > >  #endif
> > > > > diff --git a/init/Kconfig b/init/Kconfig
> > > > > index e9119bf54b1f..70440804874d 100644
> > > > > --- a/init/Kconfig
> > > > > +++ b/init/Kconfig
> > > > > @@ -1357,6 +1357,27 @@ config BOOT_CONFIG
> > > > >  
> > > > >  	  If unsure, say Y.
> > > > >  
> > > > > +config EMBED_BOOT_CONFIG
> > > > > +	bool "Embed bootconfig file in the kernel"
> > > > > +	depends on BOOT_CONFIG
> > > > > +	default n
> > > > > +	help
> > > > > +	  Embed a bootconfig file given by EMBED_BOOT_CONFIG_FILE in the
> > > > > +	  kernel. Usually, the bootconfig file is loaded with the initrd
> > > > > +	  image. But if the system doesn't support initrd, this option will
> > > > > +	  help you by embedding a bootconfig file while building the kernel.
> > > > > +
> > > > > +	  If unsure, say N.
> > > > > +
> > > > > +config EMBED_BOOT_CONFIG_FILE
> > > > > +	string "Embedded bootconfig file path"
> > > > > +	default ""
> > > > > +	depends on EMBED_BOOT_CONFIG
> > > > > +	help
> > > > > +	  Specify a bootconfig file which will be embedded to the kernel.
> > > > > +	  This bootconfig will be used if there is no initrd or no other
> > > > > +	  bootconfig in the initrd.
> > > > > +
> > > > >  choice
> > > > >  	prompt "Compiler optimization level"
> > > > >  	default CC_OPTIMIZE_FOR_PERFORMANCE
> > > > > diff --git a/init/main.c b/init/main.c
> > > > > index 421050be5039..3803bf2e22ea 100644
> > > > > --- a/init/main.c
> > > > > +++ b/init/main.c
> > > > > @@ -265,7 +265,7 @@ static int __init loglevel(char *str)
> > > > >  early_param("loglevel", loglevel);
> > > > >  
> > > > >  #ifdef CONFIG_BLK_DEV_INITRD
> > > > > -static void * __init get_boot_config_from_initrd(u32 *_size)
> > > > > +static void * __init get_boot_config_from_initrd(size_t *_size)
> > > > >  {
> > > > >  	u32 size, csum;
> > > > >  	char *data;
> > > > > @@ -411,12 +411,15 @@ static void __init setup_boot_config(void)
> > > > >  	static char tmp_cmdline[COMMAND_LINE_SIZE] __initdata;
> > > > >  	const char *msg;
> > > > >  	int pos;
> > > > > -	u32 size;
> > > > > +	size_t size;
> > > > >  	char *data, *err;
> > > > >  	int ret;
> > > > >  
> > > > >  	/* Cut out the bootconfig data even if we have no bootconfig option */
> > > > >  	data = get_boot_config_from_initrd(&size);
> > > > > +	/* If there is no bootconfig in initrd, try embedded one. */
> > > > > +	if (!data)
> > > > > +		data = xbc_get_embedded_bootconfig(&size);
> > > > >  
> > > > >  	strlcpy(tmp_cmdline, boot_command_line, COMMAND_LINE_SIZE);
> > > > >  	err = parse_args("bootconfig", tmp_cmdline, NULL, 0, 0, 0, NULL,
> > > > > @@ -435,8 +438,8 @@ static void __init setup_boot_config(void)
> > > > >  	}
> > > > >  
> > > > >  	if (size >= XBC_DATA_MAX) {
> > > > > -		pr_err("bootconfig size %d greater than max size %d\n",
> > > > > -			size, XBC_DATA_MAX);
> > > > > +		pr_err("bootconfig size %ld greater than max size %d\n",
> > > > > +			(long)size, XBC_DATA_MAX);
> > > > >  		return;
> > > > >  	}
> > > > >  
> > > > > @@ -449,7 +452,7 @@ static void __init setup_boot_config(void)
> > > > >  				msg, pos);
> > > > >  	} else {
> > > > >  		xbc_get_info(&ret, NULL);
> > > > > -		pr_info("Load bootconfig: %d bytes %d nodes\n", size, ret);
> > > > > +		pr_info("Load bootconfig: %ld bytes %d nodes\n", (long)size, ret);
> > > > >  		/* keys starting with "kernel." are passed via cmdline */
> > > > >  		extra_command_line = xbc_make_cmdline("kernel");
> > > > >  		/* Also, "init." keys are init arguments */
> > > > > diff --git a/lib/.gitignore b/lib/.gitignore
> > > > > index e5e217b8307b..30a2a5db7033 100644
> > > > > --- a/lib/.gitignore
> > > > > +++ b/lib/.gitignore
> > > > > @@ -6,3 +6,4 @@
> > > > >  /oid_registry_data.c
> > > > >  /test_fortify.log
> > > > >  /test_fortify/*.log
> > > > > +/default.bconf
> > > > > diff --git a/lib/Makefile b/lib/Makefile
> > > > > index 300f569c626b..8183785ee99d 100644
> > > > > --- a/lib/Makefile
> > > > > +++ b/lib/Makefile
> > > > > @@ -279,6 +279,18 @@ $(foreach file, $(libfdt_files), \
> > > > >  	$(eval CFLAGS_$(file) = -I $(srctree)/scripts/dtc/libfdt))
> > > > >  lib-$(CONFIG_LIBFDT) += $(libfdt_files)
> > > > >  
> > > > > +ifeq ($(CONFIG_EMBED_BOOT_CONFIG),y)
> > > > > +# Since the specified bootconfig file can be switched, we forcibly update the
> > > > > +# default.bconf file always.
> > > > > +$(obj)/default.bconf: FORCE
> > > > > +	$(call cmd,defbconf)
> > > > > +
> > > > > +quiet_cmd_defbconf = GEN     $@
> > > > > +      cmd_defbconf = cat < /dev/null $(CONFIG_EMBED_BOOT_CONFIG_FILE) > $@
> > > > > +clean-files	+= default.bconf
> > > > > +$(obj)/bootconfig.o: $(obj)/default.bconf
> > > > > +endif
> > > > > +
> > > > >  lib-$(CONFIG_BOOT_CONFIG) += bootconfig.o
> > > > >  
> > > > >  obj-$(CONFIG_RBTREE_TEST) += rbtree_test.o
> > > > > diff --git a/lib/bootconfig.c b/lib/bootconfig.c
> > > > > index 74f3201ab8e5..3a3bf3a208e3 100644
> > > > > --- a/lib/bootconfig.c
> > > > > +++ b/lib/bootconfig.c
> > > > > @@ -12,6 +12,29 @@
> > > > >  #include <linux/kernel.h>
> > > > >  #include <linux/memblock.h>
> > > > >  #include <linux/string.h>
> > > > > +
> > > > > +#ifdef CONFIG_EMBED_BOOT_CONFIG
> > > > > +asm (
> > > > > +"	.pushsection .init.data, \"aw\"			\n"
> > > > > +"	.global embedded_bootconfig_data		\n"
> > > > > +"embedded_bootconfig_data:				\n"
> > > > > +"	.incbin \"lib/default.bconf\"			\n"
> > > > > +"	.global embedded_bootconfig_data_end		\n"
> > > > > +"embedded_bootconfig_data_end:				\n"
> > > > > +"	.popsection					\n"
> > > > > +);
> > > > > +
> > > > > +extern __visible char embedded_bootconfig_data[];
> > > > > +extern __visible char embedded_bootconfig_data_end[];
> > > > > +
> > > > > +char * __init xbc_get_embedded_bootconfig(size_t *size)
> > > > > +{
> > > > > +	*size = embedded_bootconfig_data_end - embedded_bootconfig_data;
> > > > > +	return (*size) ? embedded_bootconfig_data : NULL;
> > > > > +}
> > > > > +
> > > > > +#endif
> > > > > +
> > > > >  #else /* !__KERNEL__ */
> > > > >  /*
> > > > >   * NOTE: This is only for tools/bootconfig, because tools/bootconfig will
> > > > >
> > > > 
> > > > Thanks tested the implemation, it works as expected.
> > > 
> > > Great!
> > > 
> > > > 
> > > > Also noted that a change in default.bconf requries a clean build, is it
> > > > expected behaviour?
> > > 
> > > default.bconf will be always updated if CONFIG_EMBED_BOOT_CONFIG=y. So you can
> > > do incremental build. (I tested it with the incremental build environment)
> > >
> > 
> > Thanks, your observation made me to further experiment ther incremental build.
> > 
> > Below are the observations I have:
> > 
> > When I use GCC for a build; yes, the modified default.conf was observed on
> > the target.
> > 
> > But when I use clang; either with FULL or THIN LTO, the modified
> > default.conf doesnt get reflected on the target.
> 
> Hmm, curious. So you just add 'CC=clang' on the make command line, right?
Yes, CC=clang ARCH=arm64 LLVM=1. As specified here:
https://docs.kernel.org/kbuild/llvm.html.

> Can you confirm that following line in your build log,
> 
>   GEN     lib/default.bconf
>
Yes, I do see above line. Indeed lib/default.bconf will get incremental
change.

  GEN     lib/default.bconf
  CC      lib/bootconfig.o
  AR      lib/lib.a

> and the timestamp of lib/bootconfig.o is built after lib/default.bconf file?
> 
Yes, verified timestamp for all above artifacts including vmlinux.o.

ex:
-rw-rw-r-- 1 psrinivasaia psrinivasaia 22K Mar 22 14:50
../out/lib/bootconfig.o
-rw-rw-r-- 1 psrinivasaia psrinivasaia 355 Mar 22 14:50
../out/lib/default.bconf
-rw-rw-r-- 1 psrinivasaia psrinivasaia 54M Mar 22 14:50 ../out/vmlinux.o

As said incremnetal change was refelected in artifact default.bconf.
But not in vmlinux.o/vmlinux, used below command to verify.

llvm-objdump  -s -j .init.data ../out/vmlinux

On target too, /proc/bootconfig shows old data.

> And is that related to CONFIG_LTO? What happen if CONFIG_LTO=n?
> 
Yes;  CONFIG_LTO_NONE=y  issue not observed even with LLVM binutils.

Thanks and Regards,
Padmanabha.S
> Thank you,
> 
> > 
> > PS: Using: GCC version 8.2.1 20180802, LLVM version 13.0.2git.
> > 
> > Thank you,
> > Padmanabha.S
> > > Thank you,
> > > 
> > > > 
> > > > Thanks and Regards,
> > > > Padmanabha.S
> > > 
> > > 
> > > -- 
> > > Masami Hiramatsu <mhiramat@kernel.org>
> 
> 
> -- 
> Masami Hiramatsu <mhiramat@kernel.org>

Re: [PATCH v2 2/3] bootconfig: Support embedding a bootconfig file in kernel

[Masami Hiramatsu]

On Tue, 22 Mar 2022 20:02:19 +0100
Padmanabha Srinivasaiah <treasure4paddy@gmail.com> wrote:

> Hello Masami Hiramatsu,
> 
> On Tue, Mar 22, 2022 at 12:03:11PM +0900, Masami Hiramatsu wrote:
> > On Mon, 21 Mar 2022 19:35:00 +0100
> > Padmanabha Srinivasaiah <treasure4paddy@gmail.com> wrote:
> > 
> > > Hello Masami Hiramatsu,
> > > 
> > > On Fri, Mar 18, 2022 at 10:14:45AM +0900, Masami Hiramatsu wrote:
> > > > On Wed, 16 Mar 2022 20:16:49 +0100
> > > > Padmanabha Srinivasaiah <treasure4paddy@gmail.com> wrote:
> > > > 
> > > > > Hello Masami Hiramatsu,
> > > > > 
> > > > > On Mon, Mar 14, 2022 at 06:08:41PM +0900, Masami Hiramatsu wrote:
> > > > > > This allows kernel developer to embed a default bootconfig file in
> > > > > > the kernel instead of embedding it in the initrd. This will be good
> > > > > > for who are using the kernel without initrd, or who needs a default
> > > > > > bootconfigs.
> > > > > > This needs to set two kconfigs: CONFIG_EMBED_BOOT_CONFIG=y and set
> > > > > > the file path to CONFIG_EMBED_BOOT_CONFIG_FILE.
> > > > > > 
> > > > > > Note that you still need 'bootconfig' command line option to load the
> > > > > > embedded bootconfig. Also if you boot using an initrd with a different
> > > > > > bootconfig, the kernel will use the bootconfig in the initrd, instead
> > > > > > of the default bootconfig.
> > > > > > 
> > > > > > Signed-off-by: Masami Hiramatsu <mhiramat@kernel.org>
> > > > > > ---
> > > > > >  include/linux/bootconfig.h |   10 ++++++++++
> > > > > >  init/Kconfig               |   21 +++++++++++++++++++++
> > > > > >  init/main.c                |   13 ++++++++-----
> > > > > >  lib/.gitignore             |    1 +
> > > > > >  lib/Makefile               |   12 ++++++++++++
> > > > > >  lib/bootconfig.c           |   23 +++++++++++++++++++++++
> > > > > >  6 files changed, 75 insertions(+), 5 deletions(-)
> > > > > > 
> > > > > > diff --git a/include/linux/bootconfig.h b/include/linux/bootconfig.h
> > > > > > index a4665c7ab07c..5dbda5e3e9bb 100644
> > > > > > --- a/include/linux/bootconfig.h
> > > > > > +++ b/include/linux/bootconfig.h
> > > > > > @@ -289,4 +289,14 @@ int __init xbc_get_info(int *node_size, size_t *data_size);
> > > > > >  /* XBC cleanup data structures */
> > > > > >  void __init xbc_exit(void);
> > > > > >  
> > > > > > +/* XBC embedded bootconfig data in kernel */
> > > > > > +#ifdef CONFIG_EMBED_BOOT_CONFIG
> > > > > > +char * __init xbc_get_embedded_bootconfig(size_t *size);
> > > > > > +#else
> > > > > > +static inline char *xbc_get_embedded_bootconfig(size_t *size)
> > > > > > +{
> > > > > > +	return NULL;
> > > > > > +}
> > > > > > +#endif
> > > > > > +
> > > > > >  #endif
> > > > > > diff --git a/init/Kconfig b/init/Kconfig
> > > > > > index e9119bf54b1f..70440804874d 100644
> > > > > > --- a/init/Kconfig
> > > > > > +++ b/init/Kconfig
> > > > > > @@ -1357,6 +1357,27 @@ config BOOT_CONFIG
> > > > > >  
> > > > > >  	  If unsure, say Y.
> > > > > >  
> > > > > > +config EMBED_BOOT_CONFIG
> > > > > > +	bool "Embed bootconfig file in the kernel"
> > > > > > +	depends on BOOT_CONFIG
> > > > > > +	default n
> > > > > > +	help
> > > > > > +	  Embed a bootconfig file given by EMBED_BOOT_CONFIG_FILE in the
> > > > > > +	  kernel. Usually, the bootconfig file is loaded with the initrd
> > > > > > +	  image. But if the system doesn't support initrd, this option will
> > > > > > +	  help you by embedding a bootconfig file while building the kernel.
> > > > > > +
> > > > > > +	  If unsure, say N.
> > > > > > +
> > > > > > +config EMBED_BOOT_CONFIG_FILE
> > > > > > +	string "Embedded bootconfig file path"
> > > > > > +	default ""
> > > > > > +	depends on EMBED_BOOT_CONFIG
> > > > > > +	help
> > > > > > +	  Specify a bootconfig file which will be embedded to the kernel.
> > > > > > +	  This bootconfig will be used if there is no initrd or no other
> > > > > > +	  bootconfig in the initrd.
> > > > > > +
> > > > > >  choice
> > > > > >  	prompt "Compiler optimization level"
> > > > > >  	default CC_OPTIMIZE_FOR_PERFORMANCE
> > > > > > diff --git a/init/main.c b/init/main.c
> > > > > > index 421050be5039..3803bf2e22ea 100644
> > > > > > --- a/init/main.c
> > > > > > +++ b/init/main.c
> > > > > > @@ -265,7 +265,7 @@ static int __init loglevel(char *str)
> > > > > >  early_param("loglevel", loglevel);
> > > > > >  
> > > > > >  #ifdef CONFIG_BLK_DEV_INITRD
> > > > > > -static void * __init get_boot_config_from_initrd(u32 *_size)
> > > > > > +static void * __init get_boot_config_from_initrd(size_t *_size)
> > > > > >  {
> > > > > >  	u32 size, csum;
> > > > > >  	char *data;
> > > > > > @@ -411,12 +411,15 @@ static void __init setup_boot_config(void)
> > > > > >  	static char tmp_cmdline[COMMAND_LINE_SIZE] __initdata;
> > > > > >  	const char *msg;
> > > > > >  	int pos;
> > > > > > -	u32 size;
> > > > > > +	size_t size;
> > > > > >  	char *data, *err;
> > > > > >  	int ret;
> > > > > >  
> > > > > >  	/* Cut out the bootconfig data even if we have no bootconfig option */
> > > > > >  	data = get_boot_config_from_initrd(&size);
> > > > > > +	/* If there is no bootconfig in initrd, try embedded one. */
> > > > > > +	if (!data)
> > > > > > +		data = xbc_get_embedded_bootconfig(&size);
> > > > > >  
> > > > > >  	strlcpy(tmp_cmdline, boot_command_line, COMMAND_LINE_SIZE);
> > > > > >  	err = parse_args("bootconfig", tmp_cmdline, NULL, 0, 0, 0, NULL,
> > > > > > @@ -435,8 +438,8 @@ static void __init setup_boot_config(void)
> > > > > >  	}
> > > > > >  
> > > > > >  	if (size >= XBC_DATA_MAX) {
> > > > > > -		pr_err("bootconfig size %d greater than max size %d\n",
> > > > > > -			size, XBC_DATA_MAX);
> > > > > > +		pr_err("bootconfig size %ld greater than max size %d\n",
> > > > > > +			(long)size, XBC_DATA_MAX);
> > > > > >  		return;
> > > > > >  	}
> > > > > >  
> > > > > > @@ -449,7 +452,7 @@ static void __init setup_boot_config(void)
> > > > > >  				msg, pos);
> > > > > >  	} else {
> > > > > >  		xbc_get_info(&ret, NULL);
> > > > > > -		pr_info("Load bootconfig: %d bytes %d nodes\n", size, ret);
> > > > > > +		pr_info("Load bootconfig: %ld bytes %d nodes\n", (long)size, ret);
> > > > > >  		/* keys starting with "kernel." are passed via cmdline */
> > > > > >  		extra_command_line = xbc_make_cmdline("kernel");
> > > > > >  		/* Also, "init." keys are init arguments */
> > > > > > diff --git a/lib/.gitignore b/lib/.gitignore
> > > > > > index e5e217b8307b..30a2a5db7033 100644
> > > > > > --- a/lib/.gitignore
> > > > > > +++ b/lib/.gitignore
> > > > > > @@ -6,3 +6,4 @@
> > > > > >  /oid_registry_data.c
> > > > > >  /test_fortify.log
> > > > > >  /test_fortify/*.log
> > > > > > +/default.bconf
> > > > > > diff --git a/lib/Makefile b/lib/Makefile
> > > > > > index 300f569c626b..8183785ee99d 100644
> > > > > > --- a/lib/Makefile
> > > > > > +++ b/lib/Makefile
> > > > > > @@ -279,6 +279,18 @@ $(foreach file, $(libfdt_files), \
> > > > > >  	$(eval CFLAGS_$(file) = -I $(srctree)/scripts/dtc/libfdt))
> > > > > >  lib-$(CONFIG_LIBFDT) += $(libfdt_files)
> > > > > >  
> > > > > > +ifeq ($(CONFIG_EMBED_BOOT_CONFIG),y)
> > > > > > +# Since the specified bootconfig file can be switched, we forcibly update the
> > > > > > +# default.bconf file always.
> > > > > > +$(obj)/default.bconf: FORCE
> > > > > > +	$(call cmd,defbconf)
> > > > > > +
> > > > > > +quiet_cmd_defbconf = GEN     $@
> > > > > > +      cmd_defbconf = cat < /dev/null $(CONFIG_EMBED_BOOT_CONFIG_FILE) > $@
> > > > > > +clean-files	+= default.bconf
> > > > > > +$(obj)/bootconfig.o: $(obj)/default.bconf
> > > > > > +endif
> > > > > > +
> > > > > >  lib-$(CONFIG_BOOT_CONFIG) += bootconfig.o
> > > > > >  
> > > > > >  obj-$(CONFIG_RBTREE_TEST) += rbtree_test.o
> > > > > > diff --git a/lib/bootconfig.c b/lib/bootconfig.c
> > > > > > index 74f3201ab8e5..3a3bf3a208e3 100644
> > > > > > --- a/lib/bootconfig.c
> > > > > > +++ b/lib/bootconfig.c
> > > > > > @@ -12,6 +12,29 @@
> > > > > >  #include <linux/kernel.h>
> > > > > >  #include <linux/memblock.h>
> > > > > >  #include <linux/string.h>
> > > > > > +
> > > > > > +#ifdef CONFIG_EMBED_BOOT_CONFIG
> > > > > > +asm (
> > > > > > +"	.pushsection .init.data, \"aw\"			\n"
> > > > > > +"	.global embedded_bootconfig_data		\n"
> > > > > > +"embedded_bootconfig_data:				\n"
> > > > > > +"	.incbin \"lib/default.bconf\"			\n"
> > > > > > +"	.global embedded_bootconfig_data_end		\n"
> > > > > > +"embedded_bootconfig_data_end:				\n"
> > > > > > +"	.popsection					\n"
> > > > > > +);
> > > > > > +
> > > > > > +extern __visible char embedded_bootconfig_data[];
> > > > > > +extern __visible char embedded_bootconfig_data_end[];
> > > > > > +
> > > > > > +char * __init xbc_get_embedded_bootconfig(size_t *size)
> > > > > > +{
> > > > > > +	*size = embedded_bootconfig_data_end - embedded_bootconfig_data;
> > > > > > +	return (*size) ? embedded_bootconfig_data : NULL;
> > > > > > +}
> > > > > > +
> > > > > > +#endif
> > > > > > +
> > > > > >  #else /* !__KERNEL__ */
> > > > > >  /*
> > > > > >   * NOTE: This is only for tools/bootconfig, because tools/bootconfig will
> > > > > >
> > > > > 
> > > > > Thanks tested the implemation, it works as expected.
> > > > 
> > > > Great!
> > > > 
> > > > > 
> > > > > Also noted that a change in default.bconf requries a clean build, is it
> > > > > expected behaviour?
> > > > 
> > > > default.bconf will be always updated if CONFIG_EMBED_BOOT_CONFIG=y. So you can
> > > > do incremental build. (I tested it with the incremental build environment)
> > > >
> > > 
> > > Thanks, your observation made me to further experiment ther incremental build.
> > > 
> > > Below are the observations I have:
> > > 
> > > When I use GCC for a build; yes, the modified default.conf was observed on
> > > the target.
> > > 
> > > But when I use clang; either with FULL or THIN LTO, the modified
> > > default.conf doesnt get reflected on the target.
> > 
> > Hmm, curious. So you just add 'CC=clang' on the make command line, right?
> Yes, CC=clang ARCH=arm64 LLVM=1. As specified here:
> https://docs.kernel.org/kbuild/llvm.html.
> 
> > Can you confirm that following line in your build log,
> > 
> >   GEN     lib/default.bconf
> >
> Yes, I do see above line. Indeed lib/default.bconf will get incremental
> change.
> 
>   GEN     lib/default.bconf
>   CC      lib/bootconfig.o
>   AR      lib/lib.a
> 
> > and the timestamp of lib/bootconfig.o is built after lib/default.bconf file?
> > 
> Yes, verified timestamp for all above artifacts including vmlinux.o.
> 
> ex:
> -rw-rw-r-- 1 psrinivasaia psrinivasaia 22K Mar 22 14:50
> ../out/lib/bootconfig.o
> -rw-rw-r-- 1 psrinivasaia psrinivasaia 355 Mar 22 14:50
> ../out/lib/default.bconf
> -rw-rw-r-- 1 psrinivasaia psrinivasaia 54M Mar 22 14:50 ../out/vmlinux.o
> 
> As said incremnetal change was refelected in artifact default.bconf.
> But not in vmlinux.o/vmlinux, used below command to verify.

Interesting! This sounds clang's issue, because the make command rebuilds
the object file including new default.bconf, but the linker (lld?)
doesn't link it again correctly.

> 
> llvm-objdump  -s -j .init.data ../out/vmlinux
> 
> On target too, /proc/bootconfig shows old data.
> 
> > And is that related to CONFIG_LTO? What happen if CONFIG_LTO=n?
> > 
> Yes;  CONFIG_LTO_NONE=y  issue not observed even with LLVM binutils.

And this issue is related to LTO. Maybe LTO ignores the '.init.data'
section update. (Perhaps, LTO only checks the function code hash or
something like that instead of the timestamp, and ignore whole object
file if all of them are not updated.)

I've added clang build maintainers. I need their help to solve this issue.

Thank you,

> 
> Thanks and Regards,
> Padmanabha.S
> > Thank you,
> > 
> > > 
> > > PS: Using: GCC version 8.2.1 20180802, LLVM version 13.0.2git.
> > > 
> > > Thank you,
> > > Padmanabha.S
> > > > Thank you,
> > > > 
> > > > > 
> > > > > Thanks and Regards,
> > > > > Padmanabha.S
> > > > 
> > > > 
> > > > -- 
> > > > Masami Hiramatsu <mhiramat@kernel.org>
> > 
> > 
> > -- 
> > Masami Hiramatsu <mhiramat@kernel.org>


-- 
Masami Hiramatsu <mhiramat@kernel.org>

Re: [PATCH v2 2/3] bootconfig: Support embedding a bootconfig file in kernel

[Padmanabha Srinivasaiah]

On Wed, Mar 23, 2022 at 09:16:17AM +0900, Masami Hiramatsu wrote:
> On Tue, 22 Mar 2022 20:02:19 +0100
> Padmanabha Srinivasaiah <treasure4paddy@gmail.com> wrote:
> 
> > Hello Masami Hiramatsu,
> > 
> > On Tue, Mar 22, 2022 at 12:03:11PM +0900, Masami Hiramatsu wrote:
> > > On Mon, 21 Mar 2022 19:35:00 +0100
> > > Padmanabha Srinivasaiah <treasure4paddy@gmail.com> wrote:
> > > 
> > > > Hello Masami Hiramatsu,
> > > > 
> > > > On Fri, Mar 18, 2022 at 10:14:45AM +0900, Masami Hiramatsu wrote:
> > > > > On Wed, 16 Mar 2022 20:16:49 +0100
> > > > > Padmanabha Srinivasaiah <treasure4paddy@gmail.com> wrote:
> > > > > 
> > > > > > Hello Masami Hiramatsu,
> > > > > > 
> > > > > > On Mon, Mar 14, 2022 at 06:08:41PM +0900, Masami Hiramatsu wrote:
> > > > > > > This allows kernel developer to embed a default bootconfig file in
> > > > > > > the kernel instead of embedding it in the initrd. This will be good
> > > > > > > for who are using the kernel without initrd, or who needs a default
> > > > > > > bootconfigs.
> > > > > > > This needs to set two kconfigs: CONFIG_EMBED_BOOT_CONFIG=y and set
> > > > > > > the file path to CONFIG_EMBED_BOOT_CONFIG_FILE.
> > > > > > > 
> > > > > > > Note that you still need 'bootconfig' command line option to load the
> > > > > > > embedded bootconfig. Also if you boot using an initrd with a different
> > > > > > > bootconfig, the kernel will use the bootconfig in the initrd, instead
> > > > > > > of the default bootconfig.
> > > > > > > 
> > > > > > > Signed-off-by: Masami Hiramatsu <mhiramat@kernel.org>
> > > > > > > ---
> > > > > > >  include/linux/bootconfig.h |   10 ++++++++++
> > > > > > >  init/Kconfig               |   21 +++++++++++++++++++++
> > > > > > >  init/main.c                |   13 ++++++++-----
> > > > > > >  lib/.gitignore             |    1 +
> > > > > > >  lib/Makefile               |   12 ++++++++++++
> > > > > > >  lib/bootconfig.c           |   23 +++++++++++++++++++++++
> > > > > > >  6 files changed, 75 insertions(+), 5 deletions(-)
> > > > > > > 
> > > > > > > diff --git a/include/linux/bootconfig.h b/include/linux/bootconfig.h
> > > > > > > index a4665c7ab07c..5dbda5e3e9bb 100644
> > > > > > > --- a/include/linux/bootconfig.h
> > > > > > > +++ b/include/linux/bootconfig.h
> > > > > > > @@ -289,4 +289,14 @@ int __init xbc_get_info(int *node_size, size_t *data_size);
> > > > > > >  /* XBC cleanup data structures */
> > > > > > >  void __init xbc_exit(void);
> > > > > > >  
> > > > > > > +/* XBC embedded bootconfig data in kernel */
> > > > > > > +#ifdef CONFIG_EMBED_BOOT_CONFIG
> > > > > > > +char * __init xbc_get_embedded_bootconfig(size_t *size);
> > > > > > > +#else
> > > > > > > +static inline char *xbc_get_embedded_bootconfig(size_t *size)
> > > > > > > +{
> > > > > > > +	return NULL;
> > > > > > > +}
> > > > > > > +#endif
> > > > > > > +
> > > > > > >  #endif
> > > > > > > diff --git a/init/Kconfig b/init/Kconfig
> > > > > > > index e9119bf54b1f..70440804874d 100644
> > > > > > > --- a/init/Kconfig
> > > > > > > +++ b/init/Kconfig
> > > > > > > @@ -1357,6 +1357,27 @@ config BOOT_CONFIG
> > > > > > >  
> > > > > > >  	  If unsure, say Y.
> > > > > > >  
> > > > > > > +config EMBED_BOOT_CONFIG
> > > > > > > +	bool "Embed bootconfig file in the kernel"
> > > > > > > +	depends on BOOT_CONFIG
> > > > > > > +	default n
> > > > > > > +	help
> > > > > > > +	  Embed a bootconfig file given by EMBED_BOOT_CONFIG_FILE in the
> > > > > > > +	  kernel. Usually, the bootconfig file is loaded with the initrd
> > > > > > > +	  image. But if the system doesn't support initrd, this option will
> > > > > > > +	  help you by embedding a bootconfig file while building the kernel.
> > > > > > > +
> > > > > > > +	  If unsure, say N.
> > > > > > > +
> > > > > > > +config EMBED_BOOT_CONFIG_FILE
> > > > > > > +	string "Embedded bootconfig file path"
> > > > > > > +	default ""
> > > > > > > +	depends on EMBED_BOOT_CONFIG
> > > > > > > +	help
> > > > > > > +	  Specify a bootconfig file which will be embedded to the kernel.
> > > > > > > +	  This bootconfig will be used if there is no initrd or no other
> > > > > > > +	  bootconfig in the initrd.
> > > > > > > +
> > > > > > >  choice
> > > > > > >  	prompt "Compiler optimization level"
> > > > > > >  	default CC_OPTIMIZE_FOR_PERFORMANCE
> > > > > > > diff --git a/init/main.c b/init/main.c
> > > > > > > index 421050be5039..3803bf2e22ea 100644
> > > > > > > --- a/init/main.c
> > > > > > > +++ b/init/main.c
> > > > > > > @@ -265,7 +265,7 @@ static int __init loglevel(char *str)
> > > > > > >  early_param("loglevel", loglevel);
> > > > > > >  
> > > > > > >  #ifdef CONFIG_BLK_DEV_INITRD
> > > > > > > -static void * __init get_boot_config_from_initrd(u32 *_size)
> > > > > > > +static void * __init get_boot_config_from_initrd(size_t *_size)
> > > > > > >  {
> > > > > > >  	u32 size, csum;
> > > > > > >  	char *data;
> > > > > > > @@ -411,12 +411,15 @@ static void __init setup_boot_config(void)
> > > > > > >  	static char tmp_cmdline[COMMAND_LINE_SIZE] __initdata;
> > > > > > >  	const char *msg;
> > > > > > >  	int pos;
> > > > > > > -	u32 size;
> > > > > > > +	size_t size;
> > > > > > >  	char *data, *err;
> > > > > > >  	int ret;
> > > > > > >  
> > > > > > >  	/* Cut out the bootconfig data even if we have no bootconfig option */
> > > > > > >  	data = get_boot_config_from_initrd(&size);
> > > > > > > +	/* If there is no bootconfig in initrd, try embedded one. */
> > > > > > > +	if (!data)
> > > > > > > +		data = xbc_get_embedded_bootconfig(&size);
> > > > > > >  
> > > > > > >  	strlcpy(tmp_cmdline, boot_command_line, COMMAND_LINE_SIZE);
> > > > > > >  	err = parse_args("bootconfig", tmp_cmdline, NULL, 0, 0, 0, NULL,
> > > > > > > @@ -435,8 +438,8 @@ static void __init setup_boot_config(void)
> > > > > > >  	}
> > > > > > >  
> > > > > > >  	if (size >= XBC_DATA_MAX) {
> > > > > > > -		pr_err("bootconfig size %d greater than max size %d\n",
> > > > > > > -			size, XBC_DATA_MAX);
> > > > > > > +		pr_err("bootconfig size %ld greater than max size %d\n",
> > > > > > > +			(long)size, XBC_DATA_MAX);
> > > > > > >  		return;
> > > > > > >  	}
> > > > > > >  
> > > > > > > @@ -449,7 +452,7 @@ static void __init setup_boot_config(void)
> > > > > > >  				msg, pos);
> > > > > > >  	} else {
> > > > > > >  		xbc_get_info(&ret, NULL);
> > > > > > > -		pr_info("Load bootconfig: %d bytes %d nodes\n", size, ret);
> > > > > > > +		pr_info("Load bootconfig: %ld bytes %d nodes\n", (long)size, ret);
> > > > > > >  		/* keys starting with "kernel." are passed via cmdline */
> > > > > > >  		extra_command_line = xbc_make_cmdline("kernel");
> > > > > > >  		/* Also, "init." keys are init arguments */
> > > > > > > diff --git a/lib/.gitignore b/lib/.gitignore
> > > > > > > index e5e217b8307b..30a2a5db7033 100644
> > > > > > > --- a/lib/.gitignore
> > > > > > > +++ b/lib/.gitignore
> > > > > > > @@ -6,3 +6,4 @@
> > > > > > >  /oid_registry_data.c
> > > > > > >  /test_fortify.log
> > > > > > >  /test_fortify/*.log
> > > > > > > +/default.bconf
> > > > > > > diff --git a/lib/Makefile b/lib/Makefile
> > > > > > > index 300f569c626b..8183785ee99d 100644
> > > > > > > --- a/lib/Makefile
> > > > > > > +++ b/lib/Makefile
> > > > > > > @@ -279,6 +279,18 @@ $(foreach file, $(libfdt_files), \
> > > > > > >  	$(eval CFLAGS_$(file) = -I $(srctree)/scripts/dtc/libfdt))
> > > > > > >  lib-$(CONFIG_LIBFDT) += $(libfdt_files)
> > > > > > >  
> > > > > > > +ifeq ($(CONFIG_EMBED_BOOT_CONFIG),y)
> > > > > > > +# Since the specified bootconfig file can be switched, we forcibly update the
> > > > > > > +# default.bconf file always.
> > > > > > > +$(obj)/default.bconf: FORCE
> > > > > > > +	$(call cmd,defbconf)
> > > > > > > +
> > > > > > > +quiet_cmd_defbconf = GEN     $@
> > > > > > > +      cmd_defbconf = cat < /dev/null $(CONFIG_EMBED_BOOT_CONFIG_FILE) > $@
> > > > > > > +clean-files	+= default.bconf
> > > > > > > +$(obj)/bootconfig.o: $(obj)/default.bconf
> > > > > > > +endif
> > > > > > > +
> > > > > > >  lib-$(CONFIG_BOOT_CONFIG) += bootconfig.o
> > > > > > >  
> > > > > > >  obj-$(CONFIG_RBTREE_TEST) += rbtree_test.o
> > > > > > > diff --git a/lib/bootconfig.c b/lib/bootconfig.c
> > > > > > > index 74f3201ab8e5..3a3bf3a208e3 100644
> > > > > > > --- a/lib/bootconfig.c
> > > > > > > +++ b/lib/bootconfig.c
> > > > > > > @@ -12,6 +12,29 @@
> > > > > > >  #include <linux/kernel.h>
> > > > > > >  #include <linux/memblock.h>
> > > > > > >  #include <linux/string.h>
> > > > > > > +
> > > > > > > +#ifdef CONFIG_EMBED_BOOT_CONFIG
> > > > > > > +asm (
> > > > > > > +"	.pushsection .init.data, \"aw\"			\n"
> > > > > > > +"	.global embedded_bootconfig_data		\n"
> > > > > > > +"embedded_bootconfig_data:				\n"
> > > > > > > +"	.incbin \"lib/default.bconf\"			\n"
> > > > > > > +"	.global embedded_bootconfig_data_end		\n"
> > > > > > > +"embedded_bootconfig_data_end:				\n"
> > > > > > > +"	.popsection					\n"
> > > > > > > +);
> > > > > > > +
> > > > > > > +extern __visible char embedded_bootconfig_data[];
> > > > > > > +extern __visible char embedded_bootconfig_data_end[];
> > > > > > > +
> > > > > > > +char * __init xbc_get_embedded_bootconfig(size_t *size)
> > > > > > > +{
> > > > > > > +	*size = embedded_bootconfig_data_end - embedded_bootconfig_data;
> > > > > > > +	return (*size) ? embedded_bootconfig_data : NULL;
> > > > > > > +}
> > > > > > > +
> > > > > > > +#endif
> > > > > > > +
> > > > > > >  #else /* !__KERNEL__ */
> > > > > > >  /*
> > > > > > >   * NOTE: This is only for tools/bootconfig, because tools/bootconfig will
> > > > > > >
> > > > > > 
> > > > > > Thanks tested the implemation, it works as expected.
> > > > > 
> > > > > Great!
> > > > > 
> > > > > > 
> > > > > > Also noted that a change in default.bconf requries a clean build, is it
> > > > > > expected behaviour?
> > > > > 
> > > > > default.bconf will be always updated if CONFIG_EMBED_BOOT_CONFIG=y. So you can
> > > > > do incremental build. (I tested it with the incremental build environment)
> > > > >
> > > > 
> > > > Thanks, your observation made me to further experiment ther incremental build.
> > > > 
> > > > Below are the observations I have:
> > > > 
> > > > When I use GCC for a build; yes, the modified default.conf was observed on
> > > > the target.
> > > > 
> > > > But when I use clang; either with FULL or THIN LTO, the modified
> > > > default.conf doesnt get reflected on the target.
> > > 
> > > Hmm, curious. So you just add 'CC=clang' on the make command line, right?
> > Yes, CC=clang ARCH=arm64 LLVM=1. As specified here:
> > https://docs.kernel.org/kbuild/llvm.html.
> > 
> > > Can you confirm that following line in your build log,
> > > 
> > >   GEN     lib/default.bconf
> > >
> > Yes, I do see above line. Indeed lib/default.bconf will get incremental
> > change.
> > 
> >   GEN     lib/default.bconf
> >   CC      lib/bootconfig.o
> >   AR      lib/lib.a
> > 
> > > and the timestamp of lib/bootconfig.o is built after lib/default.bconf file?
> > > 
> > Yes, verified timestamp for all above artifacts including vmlinux.o.
> > 
> > ex:
> > -rw-rw-r-- 1 psrinivasaia psrinivasaia 22K Mar 22 14:50
> > ../out/lib/bootconfig.o
> > -rw-rw-r-- 1 psrinivasaia psrinivasaia 355 Mar 22 14:50
> > ../out/lib/default.bconf
> > -rw-rw-r-- 1 psrinivasaia psrinivasaia 54M Mar 22 14:50 ../out/vmlinux.o
> > 
> > As said incremnetal change was refelected in artifact default.bconf.
> > But not in vmlinux.o/vmlinux, used below command to verify.
> 
> Interesting! This sounds clang's issue, because the make command rebuilds
> the object file including new default.bconf, but the linker (lld?)
> doesn't link it again correctly.
> 
> > 
> > llvm-objdump  -s -j .init.data ../out/vmlinux
> > 
> > On target too, /proc/bootconfig shows old data.
> > 
> > > And is that related to CONFIG_LTO? What happen if CONFIG_LTO=n?
> > > 
> > Yes;  CONFIG_LTO_NONE=y  issue not observed even with LLVM binutils.
> 
> And this issue is related to LTO. Maybe LTO ignores the '.init.data'
> section update. (Perhaps, LTO only checks the function code hash or
> something like that instead of the timestamp, and ignore whole object
> file if all of them are not updated.)
Thanks for the reasoning, seems to be. The same symptom observed with
/proc/config.gz too.

Thank you,
Padmanabha.S
> 
> I've added clang build maintainers. I need their help to solve this issue.
> 
> Thank you,
> 
> > 
> > Thanks and Regards,
> > Padmanabha.S
> > > Thank you,
> > > 
> > > > 
> > > > PS: Using: GCC version 8.2.1 20180802, LLVM version 13.0.2git.
> > > > 
> > > > Thank you,
> > > > Padmanabha.S
> > > > > Thank you,
> > > > > 
> > > > > > 
> > > > > > Thanks and Regards,
> > > > > > Padmanabha.S
> > > > > 
> > > > > 
> > > > > -- 
> > > > > Masami Hiramatsu <mhiramat@kernel.org>
> > > 
> > > 
> > > -- 
> > > Masami Hiramatsu <mhiramat@kernel.org>
> 
> 
> -- 
> Masami Hiramatsu <mhiramat@kernel.org>

Re: [PATCH v2 2/3] bootconfig: Support embedding a bootconfig file in kernel

[Nick Desaulniers]

On Tue, Mar 22, 2022 at 5:16 PM Masami Hiramatsu <mhiramat@kernel.org> wrote:
>
> On Tue, 22 Mar 2022 20:02:19 +0100
> Padmanabha Srinivasaiah <treasure4paddy@gmail.com> wrote:
>
> > Hello Masami Hiramatsu,
> >
> > On Tue, Mar 22, 2022 at 12:03:11PM +0900, Masami Hiramatsu wrote:
> > > On Mon, 21 Mar 2022 19:35:00 +0100
> > > Padmanabha Srinivasaiah <treasure4paddy@gmail.com> wrote:
> > >
> > > > Hello Masami Hiramatsu,
> > > >
> > > > On Fri, Mar 18, 2022 at 10:14:45AM +0900, Masami Hiramatsu wrote:
> > > > > On Wed, 16 Mar 2022 20:16:49 +0100
> > > > > Padmanabha Srinivasaiah <treasure4paddy@gmail.com> wrote:
> > > > >
> > > > > > Hello Masami Hiramatsu,
> > > > > >
> > > > > > Also noted that a change in default.bconf requries a clean build, is it
> > > > > > expected behaviour?
> > > > >
> > > > > default.bconf will be always updated if CONFIG_EMBED_BOOT_CONFIG=y. So you can
> > > > > do incremental build. (I tested it with the incremental build environment)
> > > > >
> > > >
> > > > Thanks, your observation made me to further experiment ther incremental build.
> > > >
> > > > Below are the observations I have:
> > > >
> > > > When I use GCC for a build; yes, the modified default.conf was observed on
> > > > the target.
> > > >
> > > > But when I use clang; either with FULL or THIN LTO, the modified
> > > > default.conf doesnt get reflected on the target.
> > >
> > > Hmm, curious. So you just add 'CC=clang' on the make command line, right?
> > Yes, CC=clang ARCH=arm64 LLVM=1. As specified here:
> > https://docs.kernel.org/kbuild/llvm.html.

You should just need LLVM=1 (and ARCH=arm64) at this point. LLVM=1
implies CC=clang.

Also, here's the start of the lore thread for folks:
https://lore.kernel.org/linux-doc/164724892075.731226.14103557516176115189.stgit@devnote2/

> >
> > > Can you confirm that following line in your build log,
> > >
> > >   GEN     lib/default.bconf
> > >
> > Yes, I do see above line. Indeed lib/default.bconf will get incremental
> > change.
> >
> >   GEN     lib/default.bconf
> >   CC      lib/bootconfig.o
> >   AR      lib/lib.a
> >
> > > and the timestamp of lib/bootconfig.o is built after lib/default.bconf file?
> > >
> > Yes, verified timestamp for all above artifacts including vmlinux.o.
> >
> > ex:
> > -rw-rw-r-- 1 psrinivasaia psrinivasaia 22K Mar 22 14:50
> > ../out/lib/bootconfig.o
> > -rw-rw-r-- 1 psrinivasaia psrinivasaia 355 Mar 22 14:50
> > ../out/lib/default.bconf
> > -rw-rw-r-- 1 psrinivasaia psrinivasaia 54M Mar 22 14:50 ../out/vmlinux.o
> >
> > As said incremnetal change was refelected in artifact default.bconf.
> > But not in vmlinux.o/vmlinux, used below command to verify.
>
> Interesting! This sounds clang's issue, because the make command rebuilds
> the object file including new default.bconf, but the linker (lld?)
> doesn't link it again correctly.

Sounds like missing FORCE directives in the Makefiles, perhaps?

Sami, do you recall any issues like this when implementing
commit dc5723b02e52 ("kbuild: add support for Clang LTO")
?

>
> >
> > llvm-objdump  -s -j .init.data ../out/vmlinux
> >
> > On target too, /proc/bootconfig shows old data.
> >
> > > And is that related to CONFIG_LTO? What happen if CONFIG_LTO=n?
> > >
> > Yes;  CONFIG_LTO_NONE=y  issue not observed even with LLVM binutils.
>
> And this issue is related to LTO. Maybe LTO ignores the '.init.data'
> section update. (Perhaps, LTO only checks the function code hash or
> something like that instead of the timestamp, and ignore whole object
> file if all of them are not updated.)

Sounds like this is a result of the above issue?
-- 
Thanks,
~Nick Desaulniers

Re: [PATCH v2 2/3] bootconfig: Support embedding a bootconfig file in kernel

[Masami Hiramatsu]

On Wed, 23 Mar 2022 16:56:18 +0100
Padmanabha Srinivasaiah <treasure4paddy@gmail.com> wrote:

> On Wed, Mar 23, 2022 at 09:16:17AM +0900, Masami Hiramatsu wrote:
> > On Tue, 22 Mar 2022 20:02:19 +0100
> > Padmanabha Srinivasaiah <treasure4paddy@gmail.com> wrote:
> > 
> > > Hello Masami Hiramatsu,
> > > 
> > > On Tue, Mar 22, 2022 at 12:03:11PM +0900, Masami Hiramatsu wrote:
> > > > On Mon, 21 Mar 2022 19:35:00 +0100
> > > > Padmanabha Srinivasaiah <treasure4paddy@gmail.com> wrote:
> > > > 
> > > > > Hello Masami Hiramatsu,
> > > > > 
> > > > > On Fri, Mar 18, 2022 at 10:14:45AM +0900, Masami Hiramatsu wrote:
> > > > > > On Wed, 16 Mar 2022 20:16:49 +0100
> > > > > > Padmanabha Srinivasaiah <treasure4paddy@gmail.com> wrote:
> > > > > > 
> > > > > > > Hello Masami Hiramatsu,
> > > > > > > 
> > > > > > > On Mon, Mar 14, 2022 at 06:08:41PM +0900, Masami Hiramatsu wrote:
> > > > > > > > This allows kernel developer to embed a default bootconfig file in
> > > > > > > > the kernel instead of embedding it in the initrd. This will be good
> > > > > > > > for who are using the kernel without initrd, or who needs a default
> > > > > > > > bootconfigs.
> > > > > > > > This needs to set two kconfigs: CONFIG_EMBED_BOOT_CONFIG=y and set
> > > > > > > > the file path to CONFIG_EMBED_BOOT_CONFIG_FILE.
> > > > > > > > 
> > > > > > > > Note that you still need 'bootconfig' command line option to load the
> > > > > > > > embedded bootconfig. Also if you boot using an initrd with a different
> > > > > > > > bootconfig, the kernel will use the bootconfig in the initrd, instead
> > > > > > > > of the default bootconfig.
> > > > > > > > 
> > > > > > > > Signed-off-by: Masami Hiramatsu <mhiramat@kernel.org>
> > > > > > > > ---
> > > > > > > >  include/linux/bootconfig.h |   10 ++++++++++
> > > > > > > >  init/Kconfig               |   21 +++++++++++++++++++++
> > > > > > > >  init/main.c                |   13 ++++++++-----
> > > > > > > >  lib/.gitignore             |    1 +
> > > > > > > >  lib/Makefile               |   12 ++++++++++++
> > > > > > > >  lib/bootconfig.c           |   23 +++++++++++++++++++++++
> > > > > > > >  6 files changed, 75 insertions(+), 5 deletions(-)
> > > > > > > > 
> > > > > > > > diff --git a/include/linux/bootconfig.h b/include/linux/bootconfig.h
> > > > > > > > index a4665c7ab07c..5dbda5e3e9bb 100644
> > > > > > > > --- a/include/linux/bootconfig.h
> > > > > > > > +++ b/include/linux/bootconfig.h
> > > > > > > > @@ -289,4 +289,14 @@ int __init xbc_get_info(int *node_size, size_t *data_size);
> > > > > > > >  /* XBC cleanup data structures */
> > > > > > > >  void __init xbc_exit(void);
> > > > > > > >  
> > > > > > > > +/* XBC embedded bootconfig data in kernel */
> > > > > > > > +#ifdef CONFIG_EMBED_BOOT_CONFIG
> > > > > > > > +char * __init xbc_get_embedded_bootconfig(size_t *size);
> > > > > > > > +#else
> > > > > > > > +static inline char *xbc_get_embedded_bootconfig(size_t *size)
> > > > > > > > +{
> > > > > > > > +	return NULL;
> > > > > > > > +}
> > > > > > > > +#endif
> > > > > > > > +
> > > > > > > >  #endif
> > > > > > > > diff --git a/init/Kconfig b/init/Kconfig
> > > > > > > > index e9119bf54b1f..70440804874d 100644
> > > > > > > > --- a/init/Kconfig
> > > > > > > > +++ b/init/Kconfig
> > > > > > > > @@ -1357,6 +1357,27 @@ config BOOT_CONFIG
> > > > > > > >  
> > > > > > > >  	  If unsure, say Y.
> > > > > > > >  
> > > > > > > > +config EMBED_BOOT_CONFIG
> > > > > > > > +	bool "Embed bootconfig file in the kernel"
> > > > > > > > +	depends on BOOT_CONFIG
> > > > > > > > +	default n
> > > > > > > > +	help
> > > > > > > > +	  Embed a bootconfig file given by EMBED_BOOT_CONFIG_FILE in the
> > > > > > > > +	  kernel. Usually, the bootconfig file is loaded with the initrd
> > > > > > > > +	  image. But if the system doesn't support initrd, this option will
> > > > > > > > +	  help you by embedding a bootconfig file while building the kernel.
> > > > > > > > +
> > > > > > > > +	  If unsure, say N.
> > > > > > > > +
> > > > > > > > +config EMBED_BOOT_CONFIG_FILE
> > > > > > > > +	string "Embedded bootconfig file path"
> > > > > > > > +	default ""
> > > > > > > > +	depends on EMBED_BOOT_CONFIG
> > > > > > > > +	help
> > > > > > > > +	  Specify a bootconfig file which will be embedded to the kernel.
> > > > > > > > +	  This bootconfig will be used if there is no initrd or no other
> > > > > > > > +	  bootconfig in the initrd.
> > > > > > > > +
> > > > > > > >  choice
> > > > > > > >  	prompt "Compiler optimization level"
> > > > > > > >  	default CC_OPTIMIZE_FOR_PERFORMANCE
> > > > > > > > diff --git a/init/main.c b/init/main.c
> > > > > > > > index 421050be5039..3803bf2e22ea 100644
> > > > > > > > --- a/init/main.c
> > > > > > > > +++ b/init/main.c
> > > > > > > > @@ -265,7 +265,7 @@ static int __init loglevel(char *str)
> > > > > > > >  early_param("loglevel", loglevel);
> > > > > > > >  
> > > > > > > >  #ifdef CONFIG_BLK_DEV_INITRD
> > > > > > > > -static void * __init get_boot_config_from_initrd(u32 *_size)
> > > > > > > > +static void * __init get_boot_config_from_initrd(size_t *_size)
> > > > > > > >  {
> > > > > > > >  	u32 size, csum;
> > > > > > > >  	char *data;
> > > > > > > > @@ -411,12 +411,15 @@ static void __init setup_boot_config(void)
> > > > > > > >  	static char tmp_cmdline[COMMAND_LINE_SIZE] __initdata;
> > > > > > > >  	const char *msg;
> > > > > > > >  	int pos;
> > > > > > > > -	u32 size;
> > > > > > > > +	size_t size;
> > > > > > > >  	char *data, *err;
> > > > > > > >  	int ret;
> > > > > > > >  
> > > > > > > >  	/* Cut out the bootconfig data even if we have no bootconfig option */
> > > > > > > >  	data = get_boot_config_from_initrd(&size);
> > > > > > > > +	/* If there is no bootconfig in initrd, try embedded one. */
> > > > > > > > +	if (!data)
> > > > > > > > +		data = xbc_get_embedded_bootconfig(&size);
> > > > > > > >  
> > > > > > > >  	strlcpy(tmp_cmdline, boot_command_line, COMMAND_LINE_SIZE);
> > > > > > > >  	err = parse_args("bootconfig", tmp_cmdline, NULL, 0, 0, 0, NULL,
> > > > > > > > @@ -435,8 +438,8 @@ static void __init setup_boot_config(void)
> > > > > > > >  	}
> > > > > > > >  
> > > > > > > >  	if (size >= XBC_DATA_MAX) {
> > > > > > > > -		pr_err("bootconfig size %d greater than max size %d\n",
> > > > > > > > -			size, XBC_DATA_MAX);
> > > > > > > > +		pr_err("bootconfig size %ld greater than max size %d\n",
> > > > > > > > +			(long)size, XBC_DATA_MAX);
> > > > > > > >  		return;
> > > > > > > >  	}
> > > > > > > >  
> > > > > > > > @@ -449,7 +452,7 @@ static void __init setup_boot_config(void)
> > > > > > > >  				msg, pos);
> > > > > > > >  	} else {
> > > > > > > >  		xbc_get_info(&ret, NULL);
> > > > > > > > -		pr_info("Load bootconfig: %d bytes %d nodes\n", size, ret);
> > > > > > > > +		pr_info("Load bootconfig: %ld bytes %d nodes\n", (long)size, ret);
> > > > > > > >  		/* keys starting with "kernel." are passed via cmdline */
> > > > > > > >  		extra_command_line = xbc_make_cmdline("kernel");
> > > > > > > >  		/* Also, "init." keys are init arguments */
> > > > > > > > diff --git a/lib/.gitignore b/lib/.gitignore
> > > > > > > > index e5e217b8307b..30a2a5db7033 100644
> > > > > > > > --- a/lib/.gitignore
> > > > > > > > +++ b/lib/.gitignore
> > > > > > > > @@ -6,3 +6,4 @@
> > > > > > > >  /oid_registry_data.c
> > > > > > > >  /test_fortify.log
> > > > > > > >  /test_fortify/*.log
> > > > > > > > +/default.bconf
> > > > > > > > diff --git a/lib/Makefile b/lib/Makefile
> > > > > > > > index 300f569c626b..8183785ee99d 100644
> > > > > > > > --- a/lib/Makefile
> > > > > > > > +++ b/lib/Makefile
> > > > > > > > @@ -279,6 +279,18 @@ $(foreach file, $(libfdt_files), \
> > > > > > > >  	$(eval CFLAGS_$(file) = -I $(srctree)/scripts/dtc/libfdt))
> > > > > > > >  lib-$(CONFIG_LIBFDT) += $(libfdt_files)
> > > > > > > >  
> > > > > > > > +ifeq ($(CONFIG_EMBED_BOOT_CONFIG),y)
> > > > > > > > +# Since the specified bootconfig file can be switched, we forcibly update the
> > > > > > > > +# default.bconf file always.
> > > > > > > > +$(obj)/default.bconf: FORCE
> > > > > > > > +	$(call cmd,defbconf)
> > > > > > > > +
> > > > > > > > +quiet_cmd_defbconf = GEN     $@
> > > > > > > > +      cmd_defbconf = cat < /dev/null $(CONFIG_EMBED_BOOT_CONFIG_FILE) > $@
> > > > > > > > +clean-files	+= default.bconf
> > > > > > > > +$(obj)/bootconfig.o: $(obj)/default.bconf
> > > > > > > > +endif
> > > > > > > > +
> > > > > > > >  lib-$(CONFIG_BOOT_CONFIG) += bootconfig.o
> > > > > > > >  
> > > > > > > >  obj-$(CONFIG_RBTREE_TEST) += rbtree_test.o
> > > > > > > > diff --git a/lib/bootconfig.c b/lib/bootconfig.c
> > > > > > > > index 74f3201ab8e5..3a3bf3a208e3 100644
> > > > > > > > --- a/lib/bootconfig.c
> > > > > > > > +++ b/lib/bootconfig.c
> > > > > > > > @@ -12,6 +12,29 @@
> > > > > > > >  #include <linux/kernel.h>
> > > > > > > >  #include <linux/memblock.h>
> > > > > > > >  #include <linux/string.h>
> > > > > > > > +
> > > > > > > > +#ifdef CONFIG_EMBED_BOOT_CONFIG
> > > > > > > > +asm (
> > > > > > > > +"	.pushsection .init.data, \"aw\"			\n"
> > > > > > > > +"	.global embedded_bootconfig_data		\n"
> > > > > > > > +"embedded_bootconfig_data:				\n"
> > > > > > > > +"	.incbin \"lib/default.bconf\"			\n"
> > > > > > > > +"	.global embedded_bootconfig_data_end		\n"
> > > > > > > > +"embedded_bootconfig_data_end:				\n"
> > > > > > > > +"	.popsection					\n"
> > > > > > > > +);
> > > > > > > > +
> > > > > > > > +extern __visible char embedded_bootconfig_data[];
> > > > > > > > +extern __visible char embedded_bootconfig_data_end[];
> > > > > > > > +
> > > > > > > > +char * __init xbc_get_embedded_bootconfig(size_t *size)
> > > > > > > > +{
> > > > > > > > +	*size = embedded_bootconfig_data_end - embedded_bootconfig_data;
> > > > > > > > +	return (*size) ? embedded_bootconfig_data : NULL;
> > > > > > > > +}
> > > > > > > > +
> > > > > > > > +#endif
> > > > > > > > +
> > > > > > > >  #else /* !__KERNEL__ */
> > > > > > > >  /*
> > > > > > > >   * NOTE: This is only for tools/bootconfig, because tools/bootconfig will
> > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > 
> > > > > > > Thanks tested the implemation, it works as expected.
> > > > > > 
> > > > > > Great!
> > > > > > 
> > > > > > > 
> > > > > > > Also noted that a change in default.bconf requries a clean build, is it
> > > > > > > expected behaviour?
> > > > > > 
> > > > > > default.bconf will be always updated if CONFIG_EMBED_BOOT_CONFIG=y. So you can
> > > > > > do incremental build. (I tested it with the incremental build environment)
> > > > > >
> > > > > 
> > > > > Thanks, your observation made me to further experiment ther incremental build.
> > > > > 
> > > > > Below are the observations I have:
> > > > > 
> > > > > When I use GCC for a build; yes, the modified default.conf was observed on
> > > > > the target.
> > > > > 
> > > > > But when I use clang; either with FULL or THIN LTO, the modified
> > > > > default.conf doesnt get reflected on the target.
> > > > 
> > > > Hmm, curious. So you just add 'CC=clang' on the make command line, right?
> > > Yes, CC=clang ARCH=arm64 LLVM=1. As specified here:
> > > https://docs.kernel.org/kbuild/llvm.html.
> > > 
> > > > Can you confirm that following line in your build log,
> > > > 
> > > >   GEN     lib/default.bconf
> > > >
> > > Yes, I do see above line. Indeed lib/default.bconf will get incremental
> > > change.
> > > 
> > >   GEN     lib/default.bconf
> > >   CC      lib/bootconfig.o
> > >   AR      lib/lib.a
> > > 
> > > > and the timestamp of lib/bootconfig.o is built after lib/default.bconf file?
> > > > 
> > > Yes, verified timestamp for all above artifacts including vmlinux.o.
> > > 
> > > ex:
> > > -rw-rw-r-- 1 psrinivasaia psrinivasaia 22K Mar 22 14:50
> > > ../out/lib/bootconfig.o
> > > -rw-rw-r-- 1 psrinivasaia psrinivasaia 355 Mar 22 14:50
> > > ../out/lib/default.bconf
> > > -rw-rw-r-- 1 psrinivasaia psrinivasaia 54M Mar 22 14:50 ../out/vmlinux.o
> > > 
> > > As said incremnetal change was refelected in artifact default.bconf.
> > > But not in vmlinux.o/vmlinux, used below command to verify.
> > 
> > Interesting! This sounds clang's issue, because the make command rebuilds
> > the object file including new default.bconf, but the linker (lld?)
> > doesn't link it again correctly.
> > 
> > > 
> > > llvm-objdump  -s -j .init.data ../out/vmlinux
> > > 
> > > On target too, /proc/bootconfig shows old data.
> > > 
> > > > And is that related to CONFIG_LTO? What happen if CONFIG_LTO=n?
> > > > 
> > > Yes;  CONFIG_LTO_NONE=y  issue not observed even with LLVM binutils.
> > 
> > And this issue is related to LTO. Maybe LTO ignores the '.init.data'
> > section update. (Perhaps, LTO only checks the function code hash or
> > something like that instead of the timestamp, and ignore whole object
> > file if all of them are not updated.)
> Thanks for the reasoning, seems to be. The same symptom observed with
> /proc/config.gz too.

Thanks for confirmation of config.gz. Yes, that is also using ".incbin"
directive in inline-asm. I think that is the key.

Thank you,


-- 
Masami Hiramatsu <mhiramat@kernel.org>

Re: [PATCH v2 2/3] bootconfig: Support embedding a bootconfig file in kernel

[Masami Hiramatsu]

Hello Nick,

On Wed, 23 Mar 2022 10:11:53 -0700
Nick Desaulniers <ndesaulniers@google.com> wrote:

> On Tue, Mar 22, 2022 at 5:16 PM Masami Hiramatsu <mhiramat@kernel.org> wrote:
> >
> > On Tue, 22 Mar 2022 20:02:19 +0100
> > Padmanabha Srinivasaiah <treasure4paddy@gmail.com> wrote:
> >
> > > Hello Masami Hiramatsu,
> > >
> > > On Tue, Mar 22, 2022 at 12:03:11PM +0900, Masami Hiramatsu wrote:
> > > > On Mon, 21 Mar 2022 19:35:00 +0100
> > > > Padmanabha Srinivasaiah <treasure4paddy@gmail.com> wrote:
> > > >
> > > > > Hello Masami Hiramatsu,
> > > > >
> > > > > On Fri, Mar 18, 2022 at 10:14:45AM +0900, Masami Hiramatsu wrote:
> > > > > > On Wed, 16 Mar 2022 20:16:49 +0100
> > > > > > Padmanabha Srinivasaiah <treasure4paddy@gmail.com> wrote:
> > > > > >
> > > > > > > Hello Masami Hiramatsu,
> > > > > > >
> > > > > > > Also noted that a change in default.bconf requries a clean build, is it
> > > > > > > expected behaviour?
> > > > > >
> > > > > > default.bconf will be always updated if CONFIG_EMBED_BOOT_CONFIG=y. So you can
> > > > > > do incremental build. (I tested it with the incremental build environment)
> > > > > >
> > > > >
> > > > > Thanks, your observation made me to further experiment ther incremental build.
> > > > >
> > > > > Below are the observations I have:
> > > > >
> > > > > When I use GCC for a build; yes, the modified default.conf was observed on
> > > > > the target.
> > > > >
> > > > > But when I use clang; either with FULL or THIN LTO, the modified
> > > > > default.conf doesnt get reflected on the target.
> > > >
> > > > Hmm, curious. So you just add 'CC=clang' on the make command line, right?
> > > Yes, CC=clang ARCH=arm64 LLVM=1. As specified here:
> > > https://docs.kernel.org/kbuild/llvm.html.
> 
> You should just need LLVM=1 (and ARCH=arm64) at this point. LLVM=1
> implies CC=clang.

OK.

> 
> Also, here's the start of the lore thread for folks:
> https://lore.kernel.org/linux-doc/164724892075.731226.14103557516176115189.stgit@devnote2/

Thanks for the link!

> 
> > >
> > > > Can you confirm that following line in your build log,
> > > >
> > > >   GEN     lib/default.bconf
> > > >
> > > Yes, I do see above line. Indeed lib/default.bconf will get incremental
> > > change.
> > >
> > >   GEN     lib/default.bconf
> > >   CC      lib/bootconfig.o
> > >   AR      lib/lib.a
> > >
> > > > and the timestamp of lib/bootconfig.o is built after lib/default.bconf file?
> > > >
> > > Yes, verified timestamp for all above artifacts including vmlinux.o.
> > >
> > > ex:
> > > -rw-rw-r-- 1 psrinivasaia psrinivasaia 22K Mar 22 14:50
> > > ../out/lib/bootconfig.o
> > > -rw-rw-r-- 1 psrinivasaia psrinivasaia 355 Mar 22 14:50
> > > ../out/lib/default.bconf
> > > -rw-rw-r-- 1 psrinivasaia psrinivasaia 54M Mar 22 14:50 ../out/vmlinux.o
> > >
> > > As said incremnetal change was refelected in artifact default.bconf.
> > > But not in vmlinux.o/vmlinux, used below command to verify.
> >
> > Interesting! This sounds clang's issue, because the make command rebuilds
> > the object file including new default.bconf, but the linker (lld?)
> > doesn't link it again correctly.
> 
> Sounds like missing FORCE directives in the Makefiles, perhaps?

Hmm, as you can see in my patch, the default.bconf (contents) already
has the FORCE directive as below.

+ifeq ($(CONFIG_EMBED_BOOT_CONFIG),y)
+# Since the specified bootconfig file can be switched, we forcibly update the
+# default.bconf file always.
+$(obj)/default.bconf: FORCE
+       $(call cmd,defbconf)
+
+quiet_cmd_defbconf = GEN     $@
+      cmd_defbconf = cat < /dev/null $(CONFIG_EMBED_BOOT_CONFIG_FILE) > $@
+clean-files    += default.bconf
+$(obj)/bootconfig.o: $(obj)/default.bconf
+endif

And since bootconfig.o depends on the default.bconf, it is at least compiled
as Padmanabha reported above. If I missed something, please tell me.

> 
> Sami, do you recall any issues like this when implementing
> commit dc5723b02e52 ("kbuild: add support for Clang LTO")
> ?
> 
> >
> > >
> > > llvm-objdump  -s -j .init.data ../out/vmlinux
> > >
> > > On target too, /proc/bootconfig shows old data.
> > >
> > > > And is that related to CONFIG_LTO? What happen if CONFIG_LTO=n?
> > > >
> > > Yes;  CONFIG_LTO_NONE=y  issue not observed even with LLVM binutils.
> >
> > And this issue is related to LTO. Maybe LTO ignores the '.init.data'
> > section update. (Perhaps, LTO only checks the function code hash or
> > something like that instead of the timestamp, and ignore whole object
> > file if all of them are not updated.)
> 
> Sounds like this is a result of the above issue?

As I said above, I used FORCE for the default.bconf and confirmed that
the bootconfig.c is compiled (updated). Thus I think FORCE correctly
works.

I'm not sure how LTO is implemented, but if the LTO works based on the
intermediate representation(IR), I guess it doesn't handle inline asm
".incbin" directive in IR. I mean if the linker only checks the inline
asm as a "string" in the .c file, it will miss the update of the contents
of .incbin directive, because inline asm code itself is not changed.
However the object file itself is updated, since the .incbin directive
embeds an external file to the object file.
This is just my guess. I would like to ask LLVM maintainers to help
checking the safeness of using ".incbin" directive with LTO.
(Note that this is also affects other parts which uses .incbin, like
 /proc/config.gz)

Thank you,

-- 
Masami Hiramatsu <mhiramat@kernel.org>

Re: [PATCH v2 2/3] bootconfig: Support embedding a bootconfig file in kernel

[Masahiro Yamada]

On Fri, Mar 18, 2022 at 10:14 AM Masami Hiramatsu <mhiramat@kernel.org> wrote:
>
> On Wed, 16 Mar 2022 20:16:49 +0100
> Padmanabha Srinivasaiah <treasure4paddy@gmail.com> wrote:
>
> > Hello Masami Hiramatsu,
> >
> > On Mon, Mar 14, 2022 at 06:08:41PM +0900, Masami Hiramatsu wrote:
> > > This allows kernel developer to embed a default bootconfig file in
> > > the kernel instead of embedding it in the initrd. This will be good
> > > for who are using the kernel without initrd, or who needs a default
> > > bootconfigs.
> > > This needs to set two kconfigs: CONFIG_EMBED_BOOT_CONFIG=y and set
> > > the file path to CONFIG_EMBED_BOOT_CONFIG_FILE.
> > >
> > > Note that you still need 'bootconfig' command line option to load the
> > > embedded bootconfig. Also if you boot using an initrd with a different
> > > bootconfig, the kernel will use the bootconfig in the initrd, instead
> > > of the default bootconfig.
> > >
> > > Signed-off-by: Masami Hiramatsu <mhiramat@kernel.org>
> > > ---
> > >  include/linux/bootconfig.h |   10 ++++++++++
> > >  init/Kconfig               |   21 +++++++++++++++++++++
> > >  init/main.c                |   13 ++++++++-----
> > >  lib/.gitignore             |    1 +
> > >  lib/Makefile               |   12 ++++++++++++
> > >  lib/bootconfig.c           |   23 +++++++++++++++++++++++
> > >  6 files changed, 75 insertions(+), 5 deletions(-)
> > >
> > > diff --git a/include/linux/bootconfig.h b/include/linux/bootconfig.h
> > > index a4665c7ab07c..5dbda5e3e9bb 100644
> > > --- a/include/linux/bootconfig.h
> > > +++ b/include/linux/bootconfig.h
> > > @@ -289,4 +289,14 @@ int __init xbc_get_info(int *node_size, size_t *data_size);
> > >  /* XBC cleanup data structures */
> > >  void __init xbc_exit(void);
> > >
> > > +/* XBC embedded bootconfig data in kernel */
> > > +#ifdef CONFIG_EMBED_BOOT_CONFIG
> > > +char * __init xbc_get_embedded_bootconfig(size_t *size);
> > > +#else
> > > +static inline char *xbc_get_embedded_bootconfig(size_t *size)
> > > +{
> > > +   return NULL;
> > > +}
> > > +#endif
> > > +
> > >  #endif
> > > diff --git a/init/Kconfig b/init/Kconfig
> > > index e9119bf54b1f..70440804874d 100644
> > > --- a/init/Kconfig
> > > +++ b/init/Kconfig
> > > @@ -1357,6 +1357,27 @@ config BOOT_CONFIG
> > >
> > >       If unsure, say Y.
> > >
> > > +config EMBED_BOOT_CONFIG
> > > +   bool "Embed bootconfig file in the kernel"
> > > +   depends on BOOT_CONFIG
> > > +   default n
> > > +   help
> > > +     Embed a bootconfig file given by EMBED_BOOT_CONFIG_FILE in the
> > > +     kernel. Usually, the bootconfig file is loaded with the initrd
> > > +     image. But if the system doesn't support initrd, this option will
> > > +     help you by embedding a bootconfig file while building the kernel.
> > > +
> > > +     If unsure, say N.
> > > +
> > > +config EMBED_BOOT_CONFIG_FILE
> > > +   string "Embedded bootconfig file path"
> > > +   default ""
> > > +   depends on EMBED_BOOT_CONFIG
> > > +   help
> > > +     Specify a bootconfig file which will be embedded to the kernel.
> > > +     This bootconfig will be used if there is no initrd or no other
> > > +     bootconfig in the initrd.
> > > +
> > >  choice
> > >     prompt "Compiler optimization level"
> > >     default CC_OPTIMIZE_FOR_PERFORMANCE
> > > diff --git a/init/main.c b/init/main.c
> > > index 421050be5039..3803bf2e22ea 100644
> > > --- a/init/main.c
> > > +++ b/init/main.c
> > > @@ -265,7 +265,7 @@ static int __init loglevel(char *str)
> > >  early_param("loglevel", loglevel);
> > >
> > >  #ifdef CONFIG_BLK_DEV_INITRD
> > > -static void * __init get_boot_config_from_initrd(u32 *_size)
> > > +static void * __init get_boot_config_from_initrd(size_t *_size)
> > >  {
> > >     u32 size, csum;
> > >     char *data;
> > > @@ -411,12 +411,15 @@ static void __init setup_boot_config(void)
> > >     static char tmp_cmdline[COMMAND_LINE_SIZE] __initdata;
> > >     const char *msg;
> > >     int pos;
> > > -   u32 size;
> > > +   size_t size;
> > >     char *data, *err;
> > >     int ret;
> > >
> > >     /* Cut out the bootconfig data even if we have no bootconfig option */
> > >     data = get_boot_config_from_initrd(&size);
> > > +   /* If there is no bootconfig in initrd, try embedded one. */
> > > +   if (!data)
> > > +           data = xbc_get_embedded_bootconfig(&size);
> > >
> > >     strlcpy(tmp_cmdline, boot_command_line, COMMAND_LINE_SIZE);
> > >     err = parse_args("bootconfig", tmp_cmdline, NULL, 0, 0, 0, NULL,
> > > @@ -435,8 +438,8 @@ static void __init setup_boot_config(void)
> > >     }
> > >
> > >     if (size >= XBC_DATA_MAX) {
> > > -           pr_err("bootconfig size %d greater than max size %d\n",
> > > -                   size, XBC_DATA_MAX);
> > > +           pr_err("bootconfig size %ld greater than max size %d\n",
> > > +                   (long)size, XBC_DATA_MAX);
> > >             return;
> > >     }
> > >
> > > @@ -449,7 +452,7 @@ static void __init setup_boot_config(void)
> > >                             msg, pos);
> > >     } else {
> > >             xbc_get_info(&ret, NULL);
> > > -           pr_info("Load bootconfig: %d bytes %d nodes\n", size, ret);
> > > +           pr_info("Load bootconfig: %ld bytes %d nodes\n", (long)size, ret);
> > >             /* keys starting with "kernel." are passed via cmdline */
> > >             extra_command_line = xbc_make_cmdline("kernel");
> > >             /* Also, "init." keys are init arguments */
> > > diff --git a/lib/.gitignore b/lib/.gitignore
> > > index e5e217b8307b..30a2a5db7033 100644
> > > --- a/lib/.gitignore
> > > +++ b/lib/.gitignore
> > > @@ -6,3 +6,4 @@
> > >  /oid_registry_data.c
> > >  /test_fortify.log
> > >  /test_fortify/*.log
> > > +/default.bconf
> > > diff --git a/lib/Makefile b/lib/Makefile
> > > index 300f569c626b..8183785ee99d 100644
> > > --- a/lib/Makefile
> > > +++ b/lib/Makefile
> > > @@ -279,6 +279,18 @@ $(foreach file, $(libfdt_files), \
> > >     $(eval CFLAGS_$(file) = -I $(srctree)/scripts/dtc/libfdt))
> > >  lib-$(CONFIG_LIBFDT) += $(libfdt_files)
> > >
> > > +ifeq ($(CONFIG_EMBED_BOOT_CONFIG),y)
> > > +# Since the specified bootconfig file can be switched, we forcibly update the
> > > +# default.bconf file always.
> > > +$(obj)/default.bconf: FORCE
> > > +   $(call cmd,defbconf)
> > > +
> > > +quiet_cmd_defbconf = GEN     $@
> > > +      cmd_defbconf = cat < /dev/null $(CONFIG_EMBED_BOOT_CONFIG_FILE) > $@
> > > +clean-files        += default.bconf
> > > +$(obj)/bootconfig.o: $(obj)/default.bconf
> > > +endif
> > > +
> > >  lib-$(CONFIG_BOOT_CONFIG) += bootconfig.o
> > >
> > >  obj-$(CONFIG_RBTREE_TEST) += rbtree_test.o
> > > diff --git a/lib/bootconfig.c b/lib/bootconfig.c
> > > index 74f3201ab8e5..3a3bf3a208e3 100644
> > > --- a/lib/bootconfig.c
> > > +++ b/lib/bootconfig.c
> > > @@ -12,6 +12,29 @@
> > >  #include <linux/kernel.h>
> > >  #include <linux/memblock.h>
> > >  #include <linux/string.h>
> > > +
> > > +#ifdef CONFIG_EMBED_BOOT_CONFIG
> > > +asm (
> > > +"  .pushsection .init.data, \"aw\"                 \n"
> > > +"  .global embedded_bootconfig_data                \n"
> > > +"embedded_bootconfig_data:                         \n"
> > > +"  .incbin \"lib/default.bconf\"                   \n"
> > > +"  .global embedded_bootconfig_data_end            \n"
> > > +"embedded_bootconfig_data_end:                             \n"
> > > +"  .popsection                                     \n"
> > > +);
> > > +
> > > +extern __visible char embedded_bootconfig_data[];
> > > +extern __visible char embedded_bootconfig_data_end[];
> > > +
> > > +char * __init xbc_get_embedded_bootconfig(size_t *size)
> > > +{
> > > +   *size = embedded_bootconfig_data_end - embedded_bootconfig_data;
> > > +   return (*size) ? embedded_bootconfig_data : NULL;
> > > +}
> > > +
> > > +#endif
> > > +
> > >  #else /* !__KERNEL__ */
> > >  /*
> > >   * NOTE: This is only for tools/bootconfig, because tools/bootconfig will
> > >
> >
> > Thanks tested the implemation, it works as expected.
>
> Great!
>
> >
> > Also noted that a change in default.bconf requries a clean build, is it
> > expected behaviour?
>
> default.bconf will be always updated if CONFIG_EMBED_BOOT_CONFIG=y. So you can
> do incremental build. (I tested it with the incremental build environment)




So, default.bconf is always re-generated,
causing bootconfig.o to be always rebuilt,
causing vmlinux to be always rebuilt.

This is absolutely unacceptable.

If you do not change the source tree at all,
the incremental build must be really quick,
simply doing nothing.

You can check how $(obj)/config_data
avoids the unneeded timestamp update.



BTW, it is already possible to embed kernel parameters
into the kernel.
Is this another implementation of CONFIG_CMDLINE?








> Thank you,
>
> >
> > Thanks and Regards,
> > Padmanabha.S
>
>
> --
> Masami Hiramatsu <mhiramat@kernel.org>



-- 
Best Regards
Masahiro Yamada

Re: [PATCH v2 2/3] bootconfig: Support embedding a bootconfig file in kernel

[Masami Hiramatsu]

On Sat, 26 Mar 2022 11:34:45 +0900
Masahiro Yamada <masahiroy@kernel.org> wrote:

> On Fri, Mar 18, 2022 at 10:14 AM Masami Hiramatsu <mhiramat@kernel.org> wrote:
> >
> > On Wed, 16 Mar 2022 20:16:49 +0100
> > Padmanabha Srinivasaiah <treasure4paddy@gmail.com> wrote:
> >
> > > Hello Masami Hiramatsu,
> > >
> > > On Mon, Mar 14, 2022 at 06:08:41PM +0900, Masami Hiramatsu wrote:
> > > > This allows kernel developer to embed a default bootconfig file in
> > > > the kernel instead of embedding it in the initrd. This will be good
> > > > for who are using the kernel without initrd, or who needs a default
> > > > bootconfigs.
> > > > This needs to set two kconfigs: CONFIG_EMBED_BOOT_CONFIG=y and set
> > > > the file path to CONFIG_EMBED_BOOT_CONFIG_FILE.
> > > >
> > > > Note that you still need 'bootconfig' command line option to load the
> > > > embedded bootconfig. Also if you boot using an initrd with a different
> > > > bootconfig, the kernel will use the bootconfig in the initrd, instead
> > > > of the default bootconfig.
> > > >
> > > > Signed-off-by: Masami Hiramatsu <mhiramat@kernel.org>
> > > > ---
> > > >  include/linux/bootconfig.h |   10 ++++++++++
> > > >  init/Kconfig               |   21 +++++++++++++++++++++
> > > >  init/main.c                |   13 ++++++++-----
> > > >  lib/.gitignore             |    1 +
> > > >  lib/Makefile               |   12 ++++++++++++
> > > >  lib/bootconfig.c           |   23 +++++++++++++++++++++++
> > > >  6 files changed, 75 insertions(+), 5 deletions(-)
> > > >
> > > > diff --git a/include/linux/bootconfig.h b/include/linux/bootconfig.h
> > > > index a4665c7ab07c..5dbda5e3e9bb 100644
> > > > --- a/include/linux/bootconfig.h
> > > > +++ b/include/linux/bootconfig.h
> > > > @@ -289,4 +289,14 @@ int __init xbc_get_info(int *node_size, size_t *data_size);
> > > >  /* XBC cleanup data structures */
> > > >  void __init xbc_exit(void);
> > > >
> > > > +/* XBC embedded bootconfig data in kernel */
> > > > +#ifdef CONFIG_EMBED_BOOT_CONFIG
> > > > +char * __init xbc_get_embedded_bootconfig(size_t *size);
> > > > +#else
> > > > +static inline char *xbc_get_embedded_bootconfig(size_t *size)
> > > > +{
> > > > +   return NULL;
> > > > +}
> > > > +#endif
> > > > +
> > > >  #endif
> > > > diff --git a/init/Kconfig b/init/Kconfig
> > > > index e9119bf54b1f..70440804874d 100644
> > > > --- a/init/Kconfig
> > > > +++ b/init/Kconfig
> > > > @@ -1357,6 +1357,27 @@ config BOOT_CONFIG
> > > >
> > > >       If unsure, say Y.
> > > >
> > > > +config EMBED_BOOT_CONFIG
> > > > +   bool "Embed bootconfig file in the kernel"
> > > > +   depends on BOOT_CONFIG
> > > > +   default n
> > > > +   help
> > > > +     Embed a bootconfig file given by EMBED_BOOT_CONFIG_FILE in the
> > > > +     kernel. Usually, the bootconfig file is loaded with the initrd
> > > > +     image. But if the system doesn't support initrd, this option will
> > > > +     help you by embedding a bootconfig file while building the kernel.
> > > > +
> > > > +     If unsure, say N.
> > > > +
> > > > +config EMBED_BOOT_CONFIG_FILE
> > > > +   string "Embedded bootconfig file path"
> > > > +   default ""
> > > > +   depends on EMBED_BOOT_CONFIG
> > > > +   help
> > > > +     Specify a bootconfig file which will be embedded to the kernel.
> > > > +     This bootconfig will be used if there is no initrd or no other
> > > > +     bootconfig in the initrd.
> > > > +
> > > >  choice
> > > >     prompt "Compiler optimization level"
> > > >     default CC_OPTIMIZE_FOR_PERFORMANCE
> > > > diff --git a/init/main.c b/init/main.c
> > > > index 421050be5039..3803bf2e22ea 100644
> > > > --- a/init/main.c
> > > > +++ b/init/main.c
> > > > @@ -265,7 +265,7 @@ static int __init loglevel(char *str)
> > > >  early_param("loglevel", loglevel);
> > > >
> > > >  #ifdef CONFIG_BLK_DEV_INITRD
> > > > -static void * __init get_boot_config_from_initrd(u32 *_size)
> > > > +static void * __init get_boot_config_from_initrd(size_t *_size)
> > > >  {
> > > >     u32 size, csum;
> > > >     char *data;
> > > > @@ -411,12 +411,15 @@ static void __init setup_boot_config(void)
> > > >     static char tmp_cmdline[COMMAND_LINE_SIZE] __initdata;
> > > >     const char *msg;
> > > >     int pos;
> > > > -   u32 size;
> > > > +   size_t size;
> > > >     char *data, *err;
> > > >     int ret;
> > > >
> > > >     /* Cut out the bootconfig data even if we have no bootconfig option */
> > > >     data = get_boot_config_from_initrd(&size);
> > > > +   /* If there is no bootconfig in initrd, try embedded one. */
> > > > +   if (!data)
> > > > +           data = xbc_get_embedded_bootconfig(&size);
> > > >
> > > >     strlcpy(tmp_cmdline, boot_command_line, COMMAND_LINE_SIZE);
> > > >     err = parse_args("bootconfig", tmp_cmdline, NULL, 0, 0, 0, NULL,
> > > > @@ -435,8 +438,8 @@ static void __init setup_boot_config(void)
> > > >     }
> > > >
> > > >     if (size >= XBC_DATA_MAX) {
> > > > -           pr_err("bootconfig size %d greater than max size %d\n",
> > > > -                   size, XBC_DATA_MAX);
> > > > +           pr_err("bootconfig size %ld greater than max size %d\n",
> > > > +                   (long)size, XBC_DATA_MAX);
> > > >             return;
> > > >     }
> > > >
> > > > @@ -449,7 +452,7 @@ static void __init setup_boot_config(void)
> > > >                             msg, pos);
> > > >     } else {
> > > >             xbc_get_info(&ret, NULL);
> > > > -           pr_info("Load bootconfig: %d bytes %d nodes\n", size, ret);
> > > > +           pr_info("Load bootconfig: %ld bytes %d nodes\n", (long)size, ret);
> > > >             /* keys starting with "kernel." are passed via cmdline */
> > > >             extra_command_line = xbc_make_cmdline("kernel");
> > > >             /* Also, "init." keys are init arguments */
> > > > diff --git a/lib/.gitignore b/lib/.gitignore
> > > > index e5e217b8307b..30a2a5db7033 100644
> > > > --- a/lib/.gitignore
> > > > +++ b/lib/.gitignore
> > > > @@ -6,3 +6,4 @@
> > > >  /oid_registry_data.c
> > > >  /test_fortify.log
> > > >  /test_fortify/*.log
> > > > +/default.bconf
> > > > diff --git a/lib/Makefile b/lib/Makefile
> > > > index 300f569c626b..8183785ee99d 100644
> > > > --- a/lib/Makefile
> > > > +++ b/lib/Makefile
> > > > @@ -279,6 +279,18 @@ $(foreach file, $(libfdt_files), \
> > > >     $(eval CFLAGS_$(file) = -I $(srctree)/scripts/dtc/libfdt))
> > > >  lib-$(CONFIG_LIBFDT) += $(libfdt_files)
> > > >
> > > > +ifeq ($(CONFIG_EMBED_BOOT_CONFIG),y)
> > > > +# Since the specified bootconfig file can be switched, we forcibly update the
> > > > +# default.bconf file always.
> > > > +$(obj)/default.bconf: FORCE
> > > > +   $(call cmd,defbconf)
> > > > +
> > > > +quiet_cmd_defbconf = GEN     $@
> > > > +      cmd_defbconf = cat < /dev/null $(CONFIG_EMBED_BOOT_CONFIG_FILE) > $@
> > > > +clean-files        += default.bconf
> > > > +$(obj)/bootconfig.o: $(obj)/default.bconf
> > > > +endif
> > > > +
> > > >  lib-$(CONFIG_BOOT_CONFIG) += bootconfig.o
> > > >
> > > >  obj-$(CONFIG_RBTREE_TEST) += rbtree_test.o
> > > > diff --git a/lib/bootconfig.c b/lib/bootconfig.c
> > > > index 74f3201ab8e5..3a3bf3a208e3 100644
> > > > --- a/lib/bootconfig.c
> > > > +++ b/lib/bootconfig.c
> > > > @@ -12,6 +12,29 @@
> > > >  #include <linux/kernel.h>
> > > >  #include <linux/memblock.h>
> > > >  #include <linux/string.h>
> > > > +
> > > > +#ifdef CONFIG_EMBED_BOOT_CONFIG
> > > > +asm (
> > > > +"  .pushsection .init.data, \"aw\"                 \n"
> > > > +"  .global embedded_bootconfig_data                \n"
> > > > +"embedded_bootconfig_data:                         \n"
> > > > +"  .incbin \"lib/default.bconf\"                   \n"
> > > > +"  .global embedded_bootconfig_data_end            \n"
> > > > +"embedded_bootconfig_data_end:                             \n"
> > > > +"  .popsection                                     \n"
> > > > +);
> > > > +
> > > > +extern __visible char embedded_bootconfig_data[];
> > > > +extern __visible char embedded_bootconfig_data_end[];
> > > > +
> > > > +char * __init xbc_get_embedded_bootconfig(size_t *size)
> > > > +{
> > > > +   *size = embedded_bootconfig_data_end - embedded_bootconfig_data;
> > > > +   return (*size) ? embedded_bootconfig_data : NULL;
> > > > +}
> > > > +
> > > > +#endif
> > > > +
> > > >  #else /* !__KERNEL__ */
> > > >  /*
> > > >   * NOTE: This is only for tools/bootconfig, because tools/bootconfig will
> > > >
> > >
> > > Thanks tested the implemation, it works as expected.
> >
> > Great!
> >
> > >
> > > Also noted that a change in default.bconf requries a clean build, is it
> > > expected behaviour?
> >
> > default.bconf will be always updated if CONFIG_EMBED_BOOT_CONFIG=y. So you can
> > do incremental build. (I tested it with the incremental build environment)
> 
> 
> 
> 
> So, default.bconf is always re-generated,
> causing bootconfig.o to be always rebuilt,
> causing vmlinux to be always rebuilt.
> 
> This is absolutely unacceptable.
> 
> If you do not change the source tree at all,
> the incremental build must be really quick,
> simply doing nothing.
> 
> You can check how $(obj)/config_data
> avoids the unneeded timestamp update.

OK, thanks for the information! Let me check to learn how I can avoid
rebuilding it. I also found the Documentation/kbuild/makefile.rst,
which is very helpful! I'll update the patch.

> 
> 
> 
> BTW, it is already possible to embed kernel parameters
> into the kernel.
> Is this another implementation of CONFIG_CMDLINE?

Yes, it is the bootconfig version of the CONFIG_CMDLINE.
Since some boot-time tracing feature depends on the bootconfig (those can
not be set via kernel cmdline), we need this feature for those features
on non-initrd boot system.

Thank you!


> 
> 
> 
> 
> 
> 
> 
> 
> > Thank you,
> >
> > >
> > > Thanks and Regards,
> > > Padmanabha.S
> >
> >
> > --
> > Masami Hiramatsu <mhiramat@kernel.org>
> 
> 
> 
> -- 
> Best Regards
> Masahiro Yamada


-- 
Masami Hiramatsu <mhiramat@kernel.org>

Re: [PATCH v2 2/3] bootconfig: Support embedding a bootconfig file in kernel

[Steven Rostedt]

On Sat, 26 Mar 2022 21:40:40 +0900
Masami Hiramatsu <mhiramat@kernel.org> wrote:

> > BTW, it is already possible to embed kernel parameters
> > into the kernel.
> > Is this another implementation of CONFIG_CMDLINE?

If one changes CONFIG_CMDLINE, does it require a rebuild of vmlinux?

> 
> Yes, it is the bootconfig version of the CONFIG_CMDLINE.
> Since some boot-time tracing feature depends on the bootconfig (those can
> not be set via kernel cmdline), we need this feature for those features
> on non-initrd boot system.

Yes, the kernel command line has a fixed size, and with tracing
options, we can easily go over it.

bootconfig is a way to have an unlimited size and also be able to have
a better and more reasonable formatting to express options for things
like tracing.

-- Steve

[PATCH v2 2/3] bootconfig: Support embedding a bootconfig file in kernel

[Masami Hiramatsu]

This allows kernel developer to embed a default bootconfig file in
the kernel instead of embedding it in the initrd. This will be good
for who are using the kernel without initrd, or who needs a default
bootconfigs.
This needs to set two kconfigs: CONFIG_EMBED_BOOT_CONFIG=y and set
the file path to CONFIG_EMBED_BOOT_CONFIG_FILE.

Note that you still need 'bootconfig' command line option to load the
embedded bootconfig. Also if you boot using an initrd with a different
bootconfig, the kernel will use the bootconfig in the initrd, instead
of the default bootconfig.

Signed-off-by: Masami Hiramatsu <mhiramat@kernel.org>
---
 include/linux/bootconfig.h |   10 ++++++++++
 init/Kconfig               |   21 +++++++++++++++++++++
 init/main.c                |   13 ++++++++-----
 lib/.gitignore             |    1 +
 lib/Makefile               |   12 ++++++++++++
 lib/bootconfig.c           |   23 +++++++++++++++++++++++
 6 files changed, 75 insertions(+), 5 deletions(-)

diff --git a/include/linux/bootconfig.h b/include/linux/bootconfig.h
index a4665c7ab07c..5dbda5e3e9bb 100644
--- a/include/linux/bootconfig.h
+++ b/include/linux/bootconfig.h
@@ -289,4 +289,14 @@ int __init xbc_get_info(int *node_size, size_t *data_size);
 /* XBC cleanup data structures */
 void __init xbc_exit(void);
 
+/* XBC embedded bootconfig data in kernel */
+#ifdef CONFIG_EMBED_BOOT_CONFIG
+char * __init xbc_get_embedded_bootconfig(size_t *size);
+#else
+static inline char *xbc_get_embedded_bootconfig(size_t *size)
+{
+	return NULL;
+}
+#endif
+
 #endif
diff --git a/init/Kconfig b/init/Kconfig
index e9119bf54b1f..70440804874d 100644
--- a/init/Kconfig
+++ b/init/Kconfig
@@ -1357,6 +1357,27 @@ config BOOT_CONFIG
 
 	  If unsure, say Y.
 
+config EMBED_BOOT_CONFIG
+	bool "Embed bootconfig file in the kernel"
+	depends on BOOT_CONFIG
+	default n
+	help
+	  Embed a bootconfig file given by EMBED_BOOT_CONFIG_FILE in the
+	  kernel. Usually, the bootconfig file is loaded with the initrd
+	  image. But if the system doesn't support initrd, this option will
+	  help you by embedding a bootconfig file while building the kernel.
+
+	  If unsure, say N.
+
+config EMBED_BOOT_CONFIG_FILE
+	string "Embedded bootconfig file path"
+	default ""
+	depends on EMBED_BOOT_CONFIG
+	help
+	  Specify a bootconfig file which will be embedded to the kernel.
+	  This bootconfig will be used if there is no initrd or no other
+	  bootconfig in the initrd.
+
 choice
 	prompt "Compiler optimization level"
 	default CC_OPTIMIZE_FOR_PERFORMANCE
diff --git a/init/main.c b/init/main.c
index 421050be5039..3803bf2e22ea 100644
--- a/init/main.c
+++ b/init/main.c
@@ -265,7 +265,7 @@ static int __init loglevel(char *str)
 early_param("loglevel", loglevel);
 
 #ifdef CONFIG_BLK_DEV_INITRD
-static void * __init get_boot_config_from_initrd(u32 *_size)
+static void * __init get_boot_config_from_initrd(size_t *_size)
 {
 	u32 size, csum;
 	char *data;
@@ -411,12 +411,15 @@ static void __init setup_boot_config(void)
 	static char tmp_cmdline[COMMAND_LINE_SIZE] __initdata;
 	const char *msg;
 	int pos;
-	u32 size;
+	size_t size;
 	char *data, *err;
 	int ret;
 
 	/* Cut out the bootconfig data even if we have no bootconfig option */
 	data = get_boot_config_from_initrd(&size);
+	/* If there is no bootconfig in initrd, try embedded one. */
+	if (!data)
+		data = xbc_get_embedded_bootconfig(&size);
 
 	strlcpy(tmp_cmdline, boot_command_line, COMMAND_LINE_SIZE);
 	err = parse_args("bootconfig", tmp_cmdline, NULL, 0, 0, 0, NULL,
@@ -435,8 +438,8 @@ static void __init setup_boot_config(void)
 	}
 
 	if (size >= XBC_DATA_MAX) {
-		pr_err("bootconfig size %d greater than max size %d\n",
-			size, XBC_DATA_MAX);
+		pr_err("bootconfig size %ld greater than max size %d\n",
+			(long)size, XBC_DATA_MAX);
 		return;
 	}
 
@@ -449,7 +452,7 @@ static void __init setup_boot_config(void)
 				msg, pos);
 	} else {
 		xbc_get_info(&ret, NULL);
-		pr_info("Load bootconfig: %d bytes %d nodes\n", size, ret);
+		pr_info("Load bootconfig: %ld bytes %d nodes\n", (long)size, ret);
 		/* keys starting with "kernel." are passed via cmdline */
 		extra_command_line = xbc_make_cmdline("kernel");
 		/* Also, "init." keys are init arguments */
diff --git a/lib/.gitignore b/lib/.gitignore
index e5e217b8307b..30a2a5db7033 100644
--- a/lib/.gitignore
+++ b/lib/.gitignore
@@ -6,3 +6,4 @@
 /oid_registry_data.c
 /test_fortify.log
 /test_fortify/*.log
+/default.bconf
diff --git a/lib/Makefile b/lib/Makefile
index 300f569c626b..8183785ee99d 100644
--- a/lib/Makefile
+++ b/lib/Makefile
@@ -279,6 +279,18 @@ $(foreach file, $(libfdt_files), \
 	$(eval CFLAGS_$(file) = -I $(srctree)/scripts/dtc/libfdt))
 lib-$(CONFIG_LIBFDT) += $(libfdt_files)
 
+ifeq ($(CONFIG_EMBED_BOOT_CONFIG),y)
+# Since the specified bootconfig file can be switched, we forcibly update the
+# default.bconf file always.
+$(obj)/default.bconf: FORCE
+	$(call cmd,defbconf)
+
+quiet_cmd_defbconf = GEN     $@
+      cmd_defbconf = cat < /dev/null $(CONFIG_EMBED_BOOT_CONFIG_FILE) > $@
+clean-files	+= default.bconf
+$(obj)/bootconfig.o: $(obj)/default.bconf
+endif
+
 lib-$(CONFIG_BOOT_CONFIG) += bootconfig.o
 
 obj-$(CONFIG_RBTREE_TEST) += rbtree_test.o
diff --git a/lib/bootconfig.c b/lib/bootconfig.c
index 74f3201ab8e5..3a3bf3a208e3 100644
--- a/lib/bootconfig.c
+++ b/lib/bootconfig.c
@@ -12,6 +12,29 @@
 #include <linux/kernel.h>
 #include <linux/memblock.h>
 #include <linux/string.h>
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_EMBED_BOOT_CONFIG
+asm (
+"	.pushsection .init.data, \"aw\"			\n"
+"	.global embedded_bootconfig_data		\n"
+"embedded_bootconfig_data:				\n"
+"	.incbin \"lib/default.bconf\"			\n"
+"	.global embedded_bootconfig_data_end		\n"
+"embedded_bootconfig_data_end:				\n"
+"	.popsection					\n"
+);
+
+extern __visible char embedded_bootconfig_data[];
+extern __visible char embedded_bootconfig_data_end[];
+
+char * __init xbc_get_embedded_bootconfig(size_t *size)
+{
+	*size = embedded_bootconfig_data_end - embedded_bootconfig_data;
+	return (*size) ? embedded_bootconfig_data : NULL;
+}
+
+#endif
+
 #else /* !__KERNEL__ */
 /*
  * NOTE: This is only for tools/bootconfig, because tools/bootconfig will