Qestion about the Xen network?

Qestion about the Xen network?

[Bei Guan]

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Hi,

I feel confused to the xen network.
My Dom0 is fefora8 and xen is 4.0.0. My xend network configuration is
bridge. The network in the pv (which is ubuntu) configuration is like this

vif = ['bridge=virbr0']

When I start the PV, I use the command brctl to see all the bridges in my
computer. The output as following.

[root@localhost ~]# brctl show
bridge name     bridge id               STP enabled     interfaces
eth0            8000.0024e839fa54       no              peth0
virbr0           8000.feffffffffff            no              vif1.0

So the interface vif1.0 is PV's backend network device. And vif1.0 can
access to the internet through bridge virbr0. According the description of
xen bridge in xend configuration file, which is list here, *virbr0 is the
bridge. Is it right? *

*Does the bridge virbr0 connect to outside internet through eth0? What's the
relationship between the eth0 and peth0? Which is my real network device
card? And what's role of the other one?*


(the description of xen bridge in xend configuration file)
# To bridge network traffic, like this:
#
# dom0: ----------------- bridge -> real eth0 -> the network
#                            |
# domU: fake eth0 -> vifN.0 -+

(The network interfaces on my computer are as following. )
[root@localhost ~]# ifconfig
eth0      Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 00:24:E8:39:FA:54
          inet addr:192.168.1.129  Bcast:192.168.1.255  Mask:255.255.255.0
          inet6 addr: fe80::224:e8ff:fe39:fa54/64 Scope:Link
          UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1
          RX packets:421887 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
          TX packets:21811 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
          RX bytes:82335005 (78.5 MiB)  TX bytes:4166441 (3.9 MiB)

lo        Link encap:Local Loopback
          inet addr:127.0.0.1  Mask:255.0.0.0
          inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host
          UP LOOPBACK RUNNING  MTU:16436  Metric:1
          RX packets:1474 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
          TX packets:1474 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
          RX bytes:3466544 (3.3 MiB)  TX bytes:3466544 (3.3 MiB)

peth0     Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 00:24:E8:39:FA:54
          inet6 addr: fe80::224:e8ff:fe39:fa54/64 Scope:Link
          UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1
          RX packets:441848 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
          TX packets:21849 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:100
          RX bytes:89824688 (85.6 MiB)  TX bytes:4172186 (3.9 MiB)
          Memory:fe6e0000-fe700000

vif1.0    Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr FE:FF:FF:FF:FF:FF
          inet6 addr: fe80::fcff:ffff:feff:ffff/64 Scope:Link
          UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1
          RX packets:90 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
          TX packets:94 errors:0 dropped:4 overruns:0 carrier:0
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:32
          RX bytes:8073 (7.8 KiB)  TX bytes:9696 (9.4 KiB)

virbr0    Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr FE:FF:FF:FF:FF:FF
          inet addr:192.168.122.1  Bcast:192.168.122.255  Mask:255.255.255.0
          inet6 addr: fe80::200:ff:fe00:0/64 Scope:Link
          UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1
          RX packets:90 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
          TX packets:129 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
          RX bytes:8073 (7.8 KiB)  TX bytes:15177 (14.8 KiB)


Any advice from you is appreciated.
Thank you very much!

Bei Guan

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Re: Qestion about the Xen network?

[Samuel Thibault]

Bei Guan, le Fri 22 Oct 2010 22:25:02 +0800, a écrit :
> What's the relationship between the eth0 and peth0? Which is my real
> network device card?

That's what you missed in the scheme: the xen scripts rename your real
network device card into peth0, and puts it into a bridge called eth0.
So you need to use the bridge called "eth0" in your PV scripts.

Samuel

Re: Qestion about the Xen network?

[Bei Guan]

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Another questions:

In order to test the network connection of the PV (such ubuntu). I use a
simple cilent and server program base the linux socket API. If the server
get a connection from the client, the server will print the client's ip
infomation and the client will print the message got from the server.

I put the server in the Ubuntu PV (its ip is 192.168.122.187) and the client
in the Dom0 (its ip is 192.168.1.129). I start the server first, and then
the client. The client can connect to the server successfully. The message
printed like these.

root@ubuntu:~/test1# ./server 13
Server get connection from 192.168.122.1

[root@localhost test1]# ./client 192.168.122.187 13
agrv[1] = 192.168.122.187
I have received:Hello! Are You Fine?

*I can not understand why the server just print the virbr0' IP address (it
is xen net bridge) other than Dom0's real IP, 192.168.1.129. What the
relationship between the two IPs(192.168.1.129 and 192.168.122.1)?*

*If I put server in Dom0 and the client in Ubuntu. The client can not
connect to the server.* However, I can ping Dom0's IP (192.168.1.129)
successfully from Ubuntu. *What's reason?*


Thanks a lot!
Best Wishes.

Bei Guan



2010/10/22 Bei Guan <gbtju85@gmail.com>

> Hi,
>
> I feel confused to the xen network.
> My Dom0 is fefora8 and xen is 4.0.0. My xend network configuration is
> bridge. The network in the pv (which is ubuntu) configuration is like this
>
> vif = ['bridge=virbr0']
>
> When I start the PV, I use the command brctl to see all the bridges in my
> computer. The output as following.
>
> [root@localhost ~]# brctl show
> bridge name     bridge id               STP enabled     interfaces
> eth0            8000.0024e839fa54       no              peth0
> virbr0           8000.feffffffffff            no              vif1.0
>
> So the interface vif1.0 is PV's backend network device. And vif1.0 can
> access to the internet through bridge virbr0. According the description of
> xen bridge in xend configuration file, which is list here, *virbr0 is the
> bridge. Is it right? *
>
> *Does the bridge virbr0 connect to outside internet through eth0? What's
> the relationship between the eth0 and peth0? Which is my real network device
> card? And what's role of the other one?*
>
>
> (the description of xen bridge in xend configuration file)
> # To bridge network traffic, like this:
> #
> # dom0: ----------------- bridge -> real eth0 -> the network
> #                            |
> # domU: fake eth0 -> vifN.0 -+
>
> (The network interfaces on my computer are as following. )
> [root@localhost ~]# ifconfig
> eth0      Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 00:24:E8:39:FA:54
>           inet addr:192.168.1.129  Bcast:192.168.1.255  Mask:255.255.255.0
>           inet6 addr: fe80::224:e8ff:fe39:fa54/64 Scope:Link
>           UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1
>           RX packets:421887 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
>           TX packets:21811 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
>           collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
>           RX bytes:82335005 (78.5 MiB)  TX bytes:4166441 (3.9 MiB)
>
> lo        Link encap:Local Loopback
>           inet addr:127.0.0.1  Mask:255.0.0.0
>           inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host
>           UP LOOPBACK RUNNING  MTU:16436  Metric:1
>           RX packets:1474 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
>           TX packets:1474 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
>           collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
>           RX bytes:3466544 (3.3 MiB)  TX bytes:3466544 (3.3 MiB)
>
> peth0     Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 00:24:E8:39:FA:54
>           inet6 addr: fe80::224:e8ff:fe39:fa54/64 Scope:Link
>           UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1
>           RX packets:441848 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
>           TX packets:21849 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
>           collisions:0 txqueuelen:100
>           RX bytes:89824688 (85.6 MiB)  TX bytes:4172186 (3.9 MiB)
>           Memory:fe6e0000-fe700000
>
> vif1.0    Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr FE:FF:FF:FF:FF:FF
>           inet6 addr: fe80::fcff:ffff:feff:ffff/64 Scope:Link
>           UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1
>           RX packets:90 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
>           TX packets:94 errors:0 dropped:4 overruns:0 carrier:0
>           collisions:0 txqueuelen:32
>           RX bytes:8073 (7.8 KiB)  TX bytes:9696 (9.4 KiB)
>
> virbr0    Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr FE:FF:FF:FF:FF:FF
>           inet addr:192.168.122.1  Bcast:192.168.122.255
> Mask:255.255.255.0
>           inet6 addr: fe80::200:ff:fe00:0/64 Scope:Link
>           UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1
>           RX packets:90 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
>           TX packets:129 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
>           collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
>           RX bytes:8073 (7.8 KiB)  TX bytes:15177 (14.8 KiB)
>
>
> Any advice from you is appreciated.
> Thank you very much!
>
> Bei Guan
>
>
>

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Re: Qestion about the Xen network?

[Samuel Thibault]

Bei Guan, le Fri 22 Oct 2010 22:56:29 +0800, a écrit :
> root@ubuntu:~/test1# ./server 13
> Server get connection from 192.168.122.1
> 
> [root@localhost test1]# ./client 192.168.122.187 13
> agrv[1] = 192.168.122.187
> I have received:Hello! Are You Fine?
> 
> I can not understand why the server just print the virbr0' IP address (it is
> xen net bridge) other than Dom0's real IP, 192.168.1.129.

Because that's the IP of the Dom0 interface from which the connection is
made.  It's just the same as in a usual intranet/internet router box.

> What the relationship
> between the two IPs(192.168.1.129 and 192.168.122.1)?

None, except your dom0 has these two addresses.

> If I put server in Dom0 and the client in Ubuntu. The client can not connect to
> the server. However, I can ping Dom0's IP (192.168.1.129) successfully from
> Ubuntu. What's reason?

We can't divine, show your code / iptables configuration / tcpdump
output.  The usual network stuff, actually.

Samuel

Re: Qestion about the Xen network?

[Bei Guan]

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2010/10/22 Samuel Thibault <samuel.thibault@ens-lyon.org>

> Bei Guan, le Fri 22 Oct 2010 22:25:02 +0800, a écrit :
> > What's the relationship between the eth0 and peth0? Which is my real
> > network device card?
>
> That's what you missed in the scheme: the xen scripts rename your real
> network device card into peth0, and puts it into a bridge called eth0.
> So you need to use the bridge called "eth0" in your PV scripts.
>

I update the Ubuntu's network configuration as
vif = ['bridge=eth0']

And after the Ubuntu booting, I set its IP as 192.168.1.20
However, I can access to the outside network.

root@ubuntu:~/test1# ping 61.135.169.125
connect: Network is unreachable

root@ubuntu:~/test1# ping 192.168.1.166
PING 192.168.1.166 (192.168.1.166) 56(84) bytes of data.
>From 192.168.1.129 icmp_seq=1 Destination Host Prohibited
>From 192.168.1.129 icmp_seq=2 Destination Host Prohibited
>From 192.168.1.129 icmp_seq=3 Destination Host Prohibited
>From 192.168.1.129 icmp_seq=4 Destination Host Prohibited

But if PV use the virbr0 bridge, it can access to outside network
successfully with IP 192.168.122.187.





> Samuel
>

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Re: Qestion about the Xen network?

[Bei Guan]

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2010/10/22 Samuel Thibault <samuel.thibault@ens-lyon.org>

> Bei Guan, le Fri 22 Oct 2010 22:56:29 +0800, a écrit :
> > root@ubuntu:~/test1# ./server 13
> > Server get connection from 192.168.122.1
> >
> > [root@localhost test1]# ./client 192.168.122.187 13
> > agrv[1] = 192.168.122.187
> > I have received:Hello! Are You Fine?
> >
> > I can not understand why the server just print the virbr0' IP address (it
> is
> > xen net bridge) other than Dom0's real IP, 192.168.1.129.
>
> Because that's the IP of the Dom0 interface from which the connection is
> made.  It's just the same as in a usual intranet/internet router box.
>
> > What the relationship
> > between the two IPs(192.168.1.129 and 192.168.122.1)?
>
> None, except your dom0 has these two addresses.
>
> > If I put server in Dom0 and the client in Ubuntu. The client can not
> connect to
> > the server. However, I can ping Dom0's IP (192.168.1.129) successfully
> from
> > Ubuntu. What's reason?
>
> We can't divine, show your code / iptables configuration / tcpdump
> output.  The usual network stuff, actually.
>

Sorry, you mean the client and server code? The iptables configurations of
all the Ubuntu PV and Dom0?




>
> Samuel
>

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Re: Qestion about the Xen network?

[Bei Guan]

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When I run the client from Dom0 (Fedora 8) to connect to server running in
the PV Ubuntu (use the virbr0 as bridge). The command and data caught by
tcpdump are:

[root@localhost test1]# ./server 8081

root@ubuntu:~/test1# ./client 192.168.1.192 8081
agrv[1] = 192.168.1.192
Connect Error:No route to host

[root@localhost ~]# tcpdump -i virbr0 -nn
tcpdump: verbose output suppressed, use -v or -vv for full protocol decode
listening on virbr0, link-type EN10MB (Ethernet), capture size 96 bytes
23:49:18.581878 IP 192.168.122.187.37635 > 192.168.1.192.8081: S
2526621589:2526621589(0) win 5840 <mss 1460,sackOK,timestamp 4294946904
0,nop,wscale 4>
23:49:21.577743 IP 192.168.122.187.37635 > 192.168.1.192.8081: S
2526621589:2526621589(0) win 5840 <mss 1460,sackOK,timestamp 4294947204
0,nop,wscale 4>
23:49:21.607282 IP 192.168.122.1 > 192.168.122.187: ICMP host 192.168.1.192
unreachable, length 68
23:49:21.607296 IP 192.168.122.1 > 192.168.122.187: ICMP host 192.168.1.192
unreachable, length 68
23:49:23.577759 arp who-has 192.168.122.1 tell 192.168.122.187
23:49:23.577770 arp reply 192.168.122.1 is-at fe:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff


My Dom0's Iptables configuration, server and client program list blew. But I
can not find the Ubuntu PV's iptables configuration file. Maybe it doesn't
have one.




My Dom0 (fedora 8) iptables /etc/sysconfig/iptables

# Firewall configuration written by system-config-firewall
# Manual customization of this file is not recommended.
*filter
:INPUT ACCEPT [0:0]
:FORWARD ACCEPT [0:0]
:OUTPUT ACCEPT [0:0]
:RH-Firewall-1-INPUT - [0:0]
-A INPUT -j RH-Firewall-1-INPUT
-A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -i lo -j ACCEPT
-A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -p icmp --icmp-type any -j ACCEPT
-A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -p 50 -j ACCEPT
-A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -p 51 -j ACCEPT
-A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -p udp --dport 5353 -d 224.0.0.251 -j ACCEPT
-A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -p udp -m udp --dport 631 -j ACCEPT
-A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -p tcp -m tcp --dport 631 -j ACCEPT
-A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -m state --state ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT
-A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 21 -j
ACCEPT
-A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 2049 -j
ACCEPT
-A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 22 -j
ACCEPT
-A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 23 -j
ACCEPT
-A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 80 -j
ACCEPT
-A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 443 -j
ACCEPT
-A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 25 -j
ACCEPT
-A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -j REJECT --reject-with icmp-host-prohibited
-A FORWARD -j REJECT --reject-with icmp-host-prohibited
COMMIT





The server and client program is as following.

/*******   (server.c) ************/
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <string.h>

int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
   int sockfd,new_fd;
   struct sockaddr_in server_addr;
   struct sockaddr_in client_addr;
   int sin_size,portnumber;
   char hello[]="Hello! Are You Fine?\n";

    if(argc!=2)
    {
        fprintf(stderr,"Usage:%s portnumber\a\n",argv[0]);
        return 1;
    }

    if( (portnumber = atoi(argv[1])) < 0 )
    {
        fprintf(stderr,"Usage:%s portnumber\a\n",argv[0]);
        return 1;
    }

    /* create socket descripter */
    if( (sockfd = socket(AF_INET,SOCK_STREAM, 0)) == -1 )
    {
        fprintf(stderr,"Socket error:%s\n\a",strerror(errno));
        return 1;
    }

    /* set sockaddr */
    //bzero(&server_addr, sizeof(struct sockaddr_in));
    memset(&server_addr, 0, sizeof(struct sockaddr_in));
    server_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
    server_addr.sin_addr.s_addr = htonl(INADDR_ANY);
    server_addr.sin_port = htons(portnumber);

    /* bind to a port */
    if( bind(sockfd,(struct sockaddr *)(&server_addr),sizeof(struct
sockaddr))==-1 )
    {
        fprintf(stderr,"Bind error:%s\n\a",strerror(errno));
        return 1;
    }

    /* listen to the port */
    if( -1 == listen(sockfd,5) )
    {
        fprintf(stderr,"Listen error:%s\n\a",strerror(errno));
        return 1;
    }

    while(1)
    {
        /* accept */
        sin_size=sizeof(struct sockaddr_in);
        //if( (new_fd = accept(sockfd, (struct sockaddr *)(&client_addr),
&sin_size)) == -1)
        new_fd = accept(sockfd, (struct sockaddr *)(&client_addr),
&sin_size);
        if( -1 == new_fd )
        {
            fprintf(stderr,"Accept error:%s\n\a",strerror(errno));
            return 1;
        }

        fprintf(stderr,"Server get connection from %s\n",
inet_ntoa(client_addr.sin_addr));
        if(write(new_fd,hello,strlen(hello))==-1)
        {
            fprintf(stderr,"Write Error:%s\n",strerror(errno));
            return 1;
        }
        /* over */
        close(new_fd);
        /* next */
    }
    close(sockfd);
    return 0;
}

/*******  client.c ************/
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>

#include <unistd.h>
#include <errno.h>

int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
    int sockfd;
    char buffer[1024];
    struct sockaddr_in server_addr;
    //struct hostent *host;
    char *ip;
    int portnumber,nbytes;

    if(argc!=3)
    {
        fprintf(stderr,"Usage:%s ip portnumber\a\n",argv[0]);
        return 1;
    }

    //if((host=gethostbyname(argv[1]))==NULL)
    printf("agrv[1] = %s\n",argv[1]);
    if( strlen(ip=argv[1])< 7 )
    {
        fprintf(stderr,"Get Ip address error\n");
        return 1;
    }

    if((portnumber=atoi(argv[2]))<0)
    {
        fprintf(stderr,"Usage:%s hostname portnumber\a\n",argv[0]);
        return 1;
    }

    /* create socket descripter */
    if((sockfd=socket(AF_INET,SOCK_STREAM,0))==-1)
    {
        fprintf(stderr,"Socket Error:%s\a\n",strerror(errno));
        return 1;
    }

    /* set the struct */
    bzero(&server_addr, sizeof(server_addr));
    server_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
    server_addr.sin_port = htons(portnumber);
    //server_addr.sin_addr = *( (struct in_addr *)host->h_addr );
    //server_addr.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr(host->h_addr);
    server_addr.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr(ip);
    //server_addr.sin_addr.s_addr = ((struct
in_addr*)(host->h_addr))->s_addr;

    /* request to server */
    if(connect(sockfd,(struct sockaddr *)(&server_addr),sizeof(struct
sockaddr))==-1)
    {
        fprintf(stderr,"Connect Error:%s\a\n",strerror(errno));
        return 1;
    }

    /* connected successfully */
    if((nbytes=read(sockfd,buffer,1024))==-1)
    {
        fprintf(stderr,"Read Error:%s\n",strerror(errno));
        return 1;
    }
    buffer[nbytes]='\0';
    printf("I have received:%s\n",buffer);
    /* over */
    close(sockfd);
    return 0;
}




2010/10/22 Bei Guan <gbtju85@gmail.com>

>
>
> 2010/10/22 Samuel Thibault <samuel.thibault@ens-lyon.org>
>
> Bei Guan, le Fri 22 Oct 2010 22:56:29 +0800, a écrit :
>> > root@ubuntu:~/test1# ./server 13
>> > Server get connection from 192.168.122.1
>> >
>> > [root@localhost test1]# ./client 192.168.122.187 13
>> > agrv[1] = 192.168.122.187
>> > I have received:Hello! Are You Fine?
>> >
>> > I can not understand why the server just print the virbr0' IP address
>> (it is
>> > xen net bridge) other than Dom0's real IP, 192.168.1.129.
>>
>> Because that's the IP of the Dom0 interface from which the connection is
>> made.  It's just the same as in a usual intranet/internet router box.
>>
>> > What the relationship
>> > between the two IPs(192.168.1.129 and 192.168.122.1)?
>>
>> None, except your dom0 has these two addresses.
>>
>> > If I put server in Dom0 and the client in Ubuntu. The client can not
>> connect to
>> > the server. However, I can ping Dom0's IP (192.168.1.129) successfully
>> from
>> > Ubuntu. What's reason?
>>
>> We can't divine, show your code / iptables configuration / tcpdump
>> output.  The usual network stuff, actually.
>>
>
> Sorry, you mean the client and server code? The iptables configurations of
> all the Ubuntu PV and Dom0?
>
>
>
>
>>
>> Samuel
>>
>
>

[-- Attachment #1.2: Type: text/html, Size: 10617 bytes --]

[-- Warning: decoded text below may be mangled, UTF-8 assumed --]
[-- Attachment #2: server.c --]
[-- Type: text/x-csrc; name="server.c", Size: 2904 bytes --]

/******* ·þÎñÆ÷³ÌÐò (server.c) ************/
/********************************************************************************************
**   Name:server.c
**   Used to study the network programming in Linux OS.
**   Showing how to use the functions,
** like socket,bind,listen,accept and write.
**   This is the server program.
**   Author:zeickey
**   Date:2006/9/16       
**   Copyright (c) 2006,All Rights Reserved!
*********************************************************************************************/
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <string.h>

int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
   int sockfd,new_fd;
   struct sockaddr_in server_addr;
   struct sockaddr_in client_addr;
   int sin_size,portnumber;
   char hello[]="Hello! Are You Fine?\n";
   
    if(argc!=2)
    {
        fprintf(stderr,"Usage:%s portnumber\a\n",argv[0]);
        return 1;
    }
    
    if( (portnumber = atoi(argv[1])) < 0 )
    {
        fprintf(stderr,"Usage:%s portnumber\a\n",argv[0]);
        return 1;
    }
    
    /* ·þÎñÆ÷¶Ë¿ªÊ¼½¨Á¢socketÃèÊö·û */
    if( (sockfd = socket(AF_INET,SOCK_STREAM, 0)) == -1 )
    {
        fprintf(stderr,"Socket error:%s\n\a",strerror(errno));
        return 1;
    }
    
    /* ·þÎñÆ÷¶ËÌî³ä sockaddr½á¹¹ */
    //bzero(&server_addr, sizeof(struct sockaddr_in));
    memset(&server_addr, 0, sizeof(struct sockaddr_in));
    server_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
    server_addr.sin_addr.s_addr = htonl(INADDR_ANY);
    server_addr.sin_port = htons(portnumber);
    
    /* À¦°ósockfdÃèÊö·û£¬ÎªÏÂÃæµÄlistenº¯Êý×÷×¼±¸ */
    if( bind(sockfd,(struct sockaddr *)(&server_addr),sizeof(struct sockaddr))==-1 )
    {
        fprintf(stderr,"Bind error:%s\n\a",strerror(errno));
        return 1;
    }
    
    /* ¼àÌýsockfdÃèÊö·û */
    if( -1 == listen(sockfd,5) )
    {
        fprintf(stderr,"Listen error:%s\n\a",strerror(errno));
        return 1;
    }
    
    while(1)
    {
        /* ·þÎñÆ÷×èÈû,Ö±µ½¿Í»§³ÌÐò½¨Á¢Á¬½Ó */
        sin_size=sizeof(struct sockaddr_in);
        //if( (new_fd = accept(sockfd, (struct sockaddr *)(&client_addr), &sin_size)) == -1)
        new_fd = accept(sockfd, (struct sockaddr *)(&client_addr), &sin_size);
        if( -1 == new_fd )
        {
            fprintf(stderr,"Accept error:%s\n\a",strerror(errno));
            return 1;
        }
        
        fprintf(stderr,"Server get connection from %s\n", inet_ntoa(client_addr.sin_addr));
        if(write(new_fd,hello,strlen(hello))==-1)
        {
            fprintf(stderr,"Write Error:%s\n",strerror(errno));
            return 1;
        }
        /* Õâ¸öͨѶÒѾ­½áÊø */
        close(new_fd);
        /* Ñ­»·ÏÂÒ»¸ö */
    }
    close(sockfd);
    return 0;
}

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[-- Attachment #3: client.c --]
[-- Type: text/x-csrc; name="client.c", Size: 2508 bytes --]

/******* ¿Í»§¶Ë³ÌÐò client.c ************/
/********************************************************************************************
**    Name:client.c
**    Used to study the network programming in Linux OS.
**    Showing how to use the functions,
** like socket,bind,listen,accept and write.
**    This is the client program.
**    Author:zeickey
**    Date:2006/9/16        
**    Copyright (c) 2006,All Rights Reserved!
*********************************************************************************************/
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>

#include <unistd.h>
#include <errno.h>

int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
    int sockfd;
    char buffer[1024];
    struct sockaddr_in server_addr;
    //struct hostent *host;
    char *ip;
    int portnumber,nbytes;
    
    if(argc!=3)
    {
        fprintf(stderr,"Usage:%s ip portnumber\a\n",argv[0]);
        return 1;
    }
    
    //if((host=gethostbyname(argv[1]))==NULL)
    printf("agrv[1] = %s\n",argv[1]);
    if( strlen(ip=argv[1])< 7 )
    {
        fprintf(stderr,"Get Ip address error\n");
        return 1;
    }
    
    if((portnumber=atoi(argv[2]))<0)
    {
        fprintf(stderr,"Usage:%s hostname portnumber\a\n",argv[0]);
        return 1;
    }
    
    /* ¿Í»§³ÌÐò¿ªÊ¼½¨Á¢ sockfdÃèÊö·û */
    if((sockfd=socket(AF_INET,SOCK_STREAM,0))==-1)
    {
        fprintf(stderr,"Socket Error:%s\a\n",strerror(errno));
        return 1;
    }
    
    /* ¿Í»§³ÌÐòÌî³ä·þÎñ¶ËµÄ×ÊÁÏ */
    bzero(&server_addr, sizeof(server_addr));
    server_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
    server_addr.sin_port = htons(portnumber);
    //server_addr.sin_addr = *( (struct in_addr *)host->h_addr );
    //server_addr.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr(host->h_addr);
    server_addr.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr(ip);
    //server_addr.sin_addr.s_addr = ((struct in_addr*)(host->h_addr))->s_addr;
    
    /* ¿Í»§³ÌÐò·¢ÆðÁ¬½ÓÇëÇó */
    if(connect(sockfd,(struct sockaddr *)(&server_addr),sizeof(struct sockaddr))==-1)
    {
        fprintf(stderr,"Connect Error:%s\a\n",strerror(errno));
        return 1;
    }
    
    /* Á¬½Ó³É¹¦ÁË */
    if((nbytes=read(sockfd,buffer,1024))==-1)
    {
        fprintf(stderr,"Read Error:%s\n",strerror(errno));
        return 1;
    }
    buffer[nbytes]='\0';
    printf("I have received:%s\n",buffer);
    /* ½áÊøͨѶ */
    close(sockfd);
    return 0;
}

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Re: Qestion about the Xen network?

[Paolo Bonzini]

On 10/22/2010 05:50 PM, Bei Guan wrote:
> My Dom0 (fedora 8) iptables /etc/sysconfig/iptables

This is only half of your configuration.  Libvirt is creating virbr0 and 
adding iptables rules to connect it to the outside world via NAT (the 
192.168.122.x subnet).  iptables -L can show those rules.

Paolo

Re: Qestion about the Xen network?

[Bei Guan]

[-- Attachment #1.1: Type: text/plain, Size: 2863 bytes --]

2010/10/23 Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>

> On 10/22/2010 05:50 PM, Bei Guan wrote:
>
>> My Dom0 (fedora 8) iptables /etc/sysconfig/iptables
>>
>
> This is only half of your configuration.  Libvirt is creating virbr0 and
> adding iptables rules to connect it to the outside world via NAT (the
> 192.168.122.x subnet).  iptables -L can show those rules.
>

Sorry, my Dom0 (fedora 8) iptables configuration is as following.

[root@localhost ~]# iptables -L
Chain INPUT (policy ACCEPT)
target     prot opt source               destination
ACCEPT     udp  --  anywhere             anywhere            udp dpt:domain
ACCEPT     tcp  --  anywhere             anywhere            tcp dpt:domain
ACCEPT     udp  --  anywhere             anywhere            udp dpt:bootps
ACCEPT     tcp  --  anywhere             anywhere            tcp dpt:bootps
RH-Firewall-1-INPUT  all  --  anywhere             anywhere

Chain FORWARD (policy ACCEPT)
target     prot opt source               destination
ACCEPT     all  --  anywhere             localhost/24        state
RELATED,ESTABLISHED
ACCEPT     all  --  localhost/24         anywhere
ACCEPT     all  --  anywhere             anywhere
REJECT     all  --  anywhere             anywhere            reject-with
icmp-port-unreachable
REJECT     all  --  anywhere             anywhere            reject-with
icmp-port-unreachable
REJECT     all  --  anywhere             anywhere            reject-with
icmp-host-prohibited

Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT)
target     prot opt source               destination

Chain RH-Firewall-1-INPUT (1 references)
target     prot opt source               destination
ACCEPT     all  --  anywhere             anywhere
ACCEPT     icmp --  anywhere             anywhere            icmp any
ACCEPT     esp  --  anywhere             anywhere
ACCEPT     ah   --  anywhere             anywhere
ACCEPT     udp  --  anywhere             224.0.0.251         udp dpt:mdns
ACCEPT     udp  --  anywhere             anywhere            udp dpt:ipp
ACCEPT     tcp  --  anywhere             anywhere            tcp dpt:ipp
ACCEPT     all  --  anywhere             anywhere            state
RELATED,ESTABLISHED
ACCEPT     tcp  --  anywhere             anywhere            state NEW tcp
dpt:ftp
ACCEPT     tcp  --  anywhere             anywhere            state NEW tcp
dpt:nfs
ACCEPT     tcp  --  anywhere             anywhere            state NEW tcp
dpt:ssh
ACCEPT     tcp  --  anywhere             anywhere            state NEW tcp
dpt:telnet
ACCEPT     tcp  --  anywhere             anywhere            state NEW tcp
dpt:http
ACCEPT     tcp  --  anywhere             anywhere            state NEW tcp
dpt:https
ACCEPT     tcp  --  anywhere             anywhere            state NEW tcp
dpt:smtp
REJECT     all  --  anywhere             anywhere            reject-with
icmp-host-prohibited



>
> Paolo
>

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Re: Qestion about the Xen network?

[Paolo Bonzini]

On 10/23/2010 05:27 PM, Bei Guan wrote:
> Sorry, my Dom0 (fedora 8) iptables configuration is as following.

I suggest upgrading libvirt, maybe that will fix it.

Paolo

Re: Qestion about the Xen network?

[Bei Guan]

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2010/10/24 Samuel Thibault <samuel.thibault@ens-lyon.org>

> Bei Guan, le Fri 22 Oct 2010 23:50:54 +0800, a écrit :
> > [root@localhost test1]# ./server 8081
> >
> > root@ubuntu:~/test1# ./client 192.168.1.192 8081
> > agrv[1] = 192.168.1.192
> > Connect Error:No route to host
>
> Try with 192.168.122.1 instead.
>


192.168.122.1 also doesn't work.

root@ubuntu:~/test1# ./client 192.168.122.1 8081
agrv[1] = 192.168.122.1
Connect Error:No route to host



>
> > :INPUT ACCEPT [0:0]
> > :FORWARD ACCEPT [0:0]
> > :OUTPUT ACCEPT [0:0]
> > :RH-Firewall-1-INPUT - [0:0]
> > -A INPUT -j RH-Firewall-1-INPUT
> > -A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -i lo -j ACCEPT
> > -A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -p icmp --icmp-type any -j ACCEPT
> > -A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -p 50 -j ACCEPT
> > -A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -p 51 -j ACCEPT
> > -A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -p udp --dport 5353 -d 224.0.0.251 -j ACCEPT
> > -A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -p udp -m udp --dport 631 -j ACCEPT
> > -A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -p tcp -m tcp --dport 631 -j ACCEPT
> > -A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -m state --state ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT
> > -A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 21 -j
> ACCEPT
> > -A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 2049 -j
> > ACCEPT
> > -A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 22 -j
> ACCEPT
> > -A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 23 -j
> ACCEPT
> > -A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 80 -j
> ACCEPT
> > -A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 443 -j
> ACCEPT
> > -A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 25 -j
> ACCEPT
> > -A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -j REJECT --reject-with icmp-host-prohibited
> > -A FORWARD -j REJECT --reject-with icmp-host-prohibited
>
> Apparently your firewall would reject connections actually.
>

Do you mean this one rejects the connection from VM ubuntu?
-A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -j REJECT --reject-with icmp-host-prohibited



> Samuel
>

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Re: Qestion about the Xen network?

[Bei Guan]

[-- Attachment #1.1: Type: text/plain, Size: 786 bytes --]

2010/10/25 Samuel Thibault <samuel.thibault@ens-lyon.org>

> Bei Guan, le Mon 25 Oct 2010 09:06:20 +0800, a écrit :
> >     Apparently your firewall would reject connections actually.
> >
> >
> > Do you mean this one rejects the connection from VM ubuntu?
> > -A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -j REJECT --reject-with icmp-host-prohibited
>
> Things like this, yes.
>

Is that to say the VM can connect to Dom0 if I comment this rule in the
configuration file?
I want try this. However, when I restart the iptables service, the net
bridge eth0 and virbr0 are all disappeared And my Dom0's network is
disconnect.

I restart the service libvirtd and the net bridge virbr0 come back. But I
can make the eth0 come back even I try to restart the service xend.



>
> Samuel
>

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Re: Qestion about the Xen network?

[Bei Guan]

[-- Attachment #1.1: Type: text/plain, Size: 976 bytes --]

2010/10/25 Bei Guan <gbtju85@gmail.com>

>
>
> 2010/10/25 Samuel Thibault <samuel.thibault@ens-lyon.org>
>
> Bei Guan, le Mon 25 Oct 2010 09:06:20 +0800, a écrit :
>> >     Apparently your firewall would reject connections actually.
>> >
>> >
>> > Do you mean this one rejects the connection from VM ubuntu?
>> > -A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -j REJECT --reject-with icmp-host-prohibited
>>
>> Things like this, yes.
>>
>
> Is that to say the VM can connect to Dom0 if I comment this rule in the
> configuration file?
> I want try this. However, when I restart the iptables service, the net
> bridge eth0 and virbr0 are all disappeared And my Dom0's network is
> disconnect.
>
> I restart the service libvirtd and the net bridge virbr0 come back. But I
> can make the eth0 come back even I try to restart the service xend.
>
>

OK, I can make the xen bridge come back again using the script
"network-bridge start".




>
>
>>
>> Samuel
>>
>
>

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Re: Qestion about the Xen network?

[Bei Guan]

[-- Attachment #1.1: Type: text/plain, Size: 9490 bytes --]

2010/10/22 Samuel Thibault <samuel.thibault@ens-lyon.org>

> Bei Guan, le Fri 22 Oct 2010 22:25:02 +0800, a écrit :
> > What's the relationship between the eth0 and peth0? Which is my real
> > network device card?
>
> That's what you missed in the scheme: the xen scripts rename your real
> network device card into peth0, and puts it into a bridge called eth0.
> So you need to use the bridge called "eth0" in your PV scripts.
>
>
Hi Samuel,

With the libvrit, my PV can access to the outside network now. But it is
something like NAT network, outside host can not access to the PV.

Now I try to using the Xen bridge to configure my PV's network. As you say,
the bridge here is "eth0", not "xenbr0".
So in the PV configuration file, the net interface is
vif = ['bridge=eth0']

After the PV (ubuntu) rebooting, I set its ip as 192.168.1.186. I can "ping"
other host that are the in the same ethernet with the PV (192.168)
successfully from Ubuntu. However, *I can not access to my Ubuntu from host
in ethernet "192.168"*. And my *Ubuntu also can not "ping" the outside
networ such as " 61.135.169.105". *I think maybe some configuration is not
correct, but i can not find it.

The following data maybe useful to find the reason.


Ping the outside internet from PV Ubuntu(192.168.1.186).
root@ubuntu:~# ping 61.135.169.105
connect: Network is unreachable



Ping the PV Ubuntu(192.168.1.186) from host(192.168.1.215) in the same
ethernet. My Dom0’s ip is 192.168.1.129.
[root@localhost ~]# ping 192.168.1.186
PING 192.168.1.186 (192.168.1.186) 56(84) bytes of data.
>From 192.168.1.129 icmp_seq=1 Destination Host Prohibited
>From 192.168.1.129 icmp_seq=2 Destination Host Prohibited
>From 192.168.1.129 icmp_seq=3 Destination Host Prohibited
>From 192.168.1.129 icmp_seq=4 Destination Host Prohibited
>From 192.168.1.129 icmp_seq=5 Destination Host Prohibited
>From 192.168.1.129 icmp_seq=6 Destination Host Prohibited
>From 192.168.1.129 icmp_seq=7 Destination Host Prohibited

--- 192.168.1.186 ping statistics ---
7 packets transmitted, 0 received, +7 errors, 100% packet loss, time 5995ms

The data tcpdump caught as following.
[root@localhost ~]# tcpdump -i eth0 -nn host 192.168.1.186
tcpdump: verbose output suppressed, use -v or -vv for full protocol decode
listening on eth0, link-type EN10MB (Ethernet), capture size 96 bytes
21:03:46.478403 arp who-has 192.168.1.186 tell 192.168.1.215
21:03:46.478452 arp reply 192.168.1.186 is-at 00:21:9b:67:fb:b5
21:03:46.479022 IP 192.168.1.215 > 192.168.1.186: ICMP echo request, id
20242, seq 1, length 64
21:03:47.471539 IP 192.168.1.215 > 192.168.1.186: ICMP echo request, id
20242, seq 2, length 64
21:03:48.470562 IP 192.168.1.215 > 192.168.1.186: ICMP echo request, id
20242, seq 3, length 64
21:03:49.469642 IP 192.168.1.215 > 192.168.1.186: ICMP echo request, id
20242, seq 4, length 64
21:03:50.468594 IP 192.168.1.215 > 192.168.1.186: ICMP echo request, id
20242, seq 5, length 64
21:03:51.468415 IP 192.168.1.215 > 192.168.1.186: ICMP echo request, id
20242, seq 6, length 64
21:03:52.468643 IP 192.168.1.215 > 192.168.1.186: ICMP echo request, id
20242, seq 7, length 64


My dom0 iptables:
[root@localhost test1]# iptables -L
Chain INPUT (policy ACCEPT)
target     prot opt source               destination
ACCEPT     udp  --  anywhere             anywhere            udp dpt:domain
ACCEPT     tcp  --  anywhere             anywhere            tcp dpt:domain
ACCEPT     udp  --  anywhere             anywhere            udp dpt:bootps
ACCEPT     tcp  --  anywhere             anywhere            tcp dpt:bootps
RH-Firewall-1-INPUT  all  --  anywhere             anywhere

Chain FORWARD (policy ACCEPT)
target     prot opt source               destination
ACCEPT     all  --  anywhere             anywhere            state
RELATED,ESTABLISHED PHYSDEV match --physdev-out vif7.1
ACCEPT     udp  --  anywhere             anywhere            PHYSDEV match
--physdev-in vif7.1 udp spt:bootpc dpt:bootps
ACCEPT     all  --  anywhere             anywhere            state
RELATED,ESTABLISHED PHYSDEV match --physdev-out vif7.1
ACCEPT     all  --  localhost            anywhere            PHYSDEV match
--physdev-in vif7.1
ACCEPT     all  --  anywhere             anywhere            state
RELATED,ESTABLISHED PHYSDEV match --physdev-out vif7.0
ACCEPT     all  --  anywhere             anywhere            PHYSDEV match
--physdev-in vif7.0
ACCEPT     all  --  anywhere             localhost/24        state
RELATED,ESTABLISHED
ACCEPT     all  --  localhost/24         anywhere
ACCEPT     all  --  anywhere             anywhere
REJECT     all  --  anywhere             anywhere            reject-with
icmp-port-unreachable
REJECT     all  --  anywhere             anywhere            reject-with
icmp-port-unreachable
REJECT     all  --  anywhere             anywhere            reject-with
icmp-host-prohibited

Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT)
target     prot opt source               destination

Chain RH-Firewall-1-INPUT (1 references)
target     prot opt source               destination
ACCEPT     all  --  anywhere             anywhere
ACCEPT     icmp --  anywhere             anywhere            icmp any
ACCEPT     esp  --  anywhere             anywhere
ACCEPT     ah   --  anywhere             anywhere
ACCEPT     udp  --  anywhere             224.0.0.251         udp dpt:mdns
ACCEPT     udp  --  anywhere             anywhere            udp dpt:ipp
ACCEPT     tcp  --  anywhere             anywhere            tcp dpt:ipp
ACCEPT     all  --  anywhere             anywhere            state
RELATED,ESTABLISHED
ACCEPT     tcp  --  anywhere             anywhere            state NEW tcp
dpt:ftp
ACCEPT     tcp  --  anywhere             anywhere            state NEW tcp
dpt:nfs
ACCEPT     tcp  --  anywhere             anywhere            state NEW tcp
dpt:ssh
ACCEPT     tcp  --  anywhere             anywhere            state NEW tcp
dpt:telnet
ACCEPT     tcp  --  anywhere             anywhere            state NEW tcp
dpt:http
ACCEPT     tcp  --  anywhere             anywhere            state NEW tcp
dpt:https
ACCEPT     tcp  --  anywhere             anywhere            state NEW tcp
dpt:smtp

My bridge info:
[root@localhost test1]# brctl show
bridge name     bridge id               STP enabled     interfaces
eth0            8000.0024e839fa54       no              peth0
                                                        vif7.0
                                                        vif7.1
virbr0          8000.000000000000       no


My network interface:

[root@localhost test1]# ifconfig
eth0      Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 00:24:E8:39:FA:54
          inet addr:192.168.1.129  Bcast:192.168.1.255  Mask:255.255.255.0
          inet6 addr: fe80::224:e8ff:fe39:fa54/64 Scope:Link
          UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1
          RX packets:138634 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
          TX packets:31385 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
          RX bytes:29362891 (28.0 MiB)  TX bytes:5957728 (5.6 MiB)

lo        Link encap:Local Loopback
          inet addr:127.0.0.1  Mask:255.0.0.0
          inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host
          UP LOOPBACK RUNNING  MTU:16436  Metric:1
          RX packets:1915 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
          TX packets:1915 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
          RX bytes:3136132 (2.9 MiB)  TX bytes:3136132 (2.9 MiB)

peth0     Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 00:24:E8:39:FA:54
          inet6 addr: fe80::224:e8ff:fe39:fa54/64 Scope:Link
          UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1
          RX packets:144620 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
          TX packets:31686 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:100
          RX bytes:31634537 (30.1 MiB)  TX bytes:6025862 (5.7 MiB)
          Memory:fe6e0000-fe700000

vif7.0    Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr FE:FF:FF:FF:FF:FF
          inet6 addr: fe80::fcff:ffff:feff:ffff/64 Scope:Link
          UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1
          RX packets:64 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
          TX packets:17333 errors:0 dropped:28 overruns:0 carrier:0
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:32
          RX bytes:16284 (15.9 KiB)  TX bytes:1075564 (1.0 MiB)

vif7.1    Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr FE:FF:FF:FF:FF:FF
          inet6 addr: fe80::fcff:ffff:feff:ffff/64 Scope:Link
          UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1
          RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
          TX packets:43 errors:0 dropped:17360 overruns:0 carrier:0
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:32
          RX bytes:0 (0.0 b)  TX bytes:8116 (7.9 KiB)

virbr0    Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 00:00:00:00:00:00
          inet addr:192.168.122.1  Bcast:192.168.122.255  Mask:255.255.255.0
          inet6 addr: fe80::200:ff:fe00:0/64 Scope:Link
          UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1
          RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
          TX packets:37 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
          RX bytes:0 (0.0 b)  TX bytes:5621 (5.4 KiB)


Any advice from you is appreciated.
Thank you very much!

Bei Guan




> Samuel
>

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