[Bug 42723] New: EXT4-fs error: ext4_mb_generate_buddy

[Bug 42723] New: EXT4-fs error: ext4_mb_generate_buddy

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               URL: http://comments.gmane.org/gmane.comp.file-systems.ext4
                    /30090
           Summary: EXT4-fs error: ext4_mb_generate_buddy
           Product: File System
           Version: 2.5
    Kernel Version: 3.2, 3.2.2, 3.3-rc1
          Platform: All
        OS/Version: Linux
              Tree: Mainline
            Status: NEW
          Severity: normal
          Priority: P1
         Component: ext4
        AssignedTo: fs_ext4@kernel-bugs.osdl.org
        ReportedBy: wimpy@yeti.dk
        Regression: Yes


Repeated or even reproducible occurrences of
EXT4-fs error: ext4_mb_generate_buddy

Last known good version: 3.1.5

More info on the above URL; possible trigger in the last message.

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--- Comment #1 from Birger Harzenetter <wimpy@yeti.dk>  2012-02-10 01:09:11 ---
Currently using 3.1.7 without issues.

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Pekka Pietikäinen <pp@ee.oulu.fi> changed:

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--- Comment #2 from Pekka Pietikäinen <pp@ee.oulu.fi>  2012-02-20 12:12:22 ---
I've potentially seen this with 3.2.1/3.2.5 (Fedora 16)

messages-20120219:Feb 16 18:11:40 laptop kernel: [688848.718886] EXT4-fs error
(device dm-1): mb_free_blocks:1348: group 28, block 924740:freeing already
freed block (bit 7236)
messages-20120219:Feb 16 18:11:40 laptop kernel: [688848.718890] EXT4-fs error
(device dm-1): mb_free_blocks:1348: group 28, block 924741:freeing already
freed block (bit 7237)
...
messages:Feb 19 04:46:02 laptop kernel: [106683.790999] EXT4-fs error (device
dm-1): ext4_mb_generate_buddy:739: group 311, 15861 clusters in bitmap, 9309 in
gd
messages:Feb 19 04:46:02 laptop kernel: [106683.874849] EXT4-fs error (device
dm-1): ext4_mb_generate_buddy:739: group 321, 30343 clusters in bitmap, 30295
in gd

but... the laptop in question is a quite dodgy hardware-wise (wiggle the case a
bit and the Thinklight blinks etc.). Typical light laptop use with root/home on
LVM the way Fedora puts them by default.

So far it's getting ext4 errors every few days, reboot & fsck and it's fine for
a while, running 3.2.6 now.

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[Bug 42723] EXT4-fs error: ext4_mb_generate_buddy

[bugzilla-daemon]

https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=42723


Robert Trace <bugzilla-kernel@farcaster.org> changed:

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--- Comment #3 from Robert Trace <bugzilla-kernel@farcaster.org>  2012-04-16 00:21:40 ---
I have a filesystem that exhibits the problem in the original mailing-list
post:

EXT4-fs (dm-3): mounted filesystem with ordered data mode. Opts: (null)
  <copy data into the filesystem>
EXT4-fs error (device dm-3): ext4_mb_generate_buddy:738: group 186, 32764
blocks in bitmap, 32766 in gd
Aborting journal on device dm-3-8.
EXT4-fs (dm-3): Remounting filesystem read-only
EXT4-fs (dm-3): ext4_da_writepages: jbd2_start: 9223372036854775807 pages, ino
452; err -30

fsck'ing the filesystem will repair it.  Performing the exact same copy again
will reproduce the exact error.

I can reproduce this 100% of the time and have bisected it back to 

commit d5b8f31007a93777cfb0603b665858fb7aebebfc
Author: Theodore Ts'o <tytso@mit.edu>
Date:   Fri Sep 9 18:44:51 2011 -0400

    ext4: bigalloc changes to block bitmap initialization functions

    Add bigalloc support to ext4_init_block_bitmap() and
    ext4_free_blocks_after_init().

It's still present in Linus' tree as of
a9e1e53bcfb29b3b503a5e75ce498d9a64f32c1e (10-Apr).

I'm more than happy to help out with more information or testing patches since
I've got it 100% reproducible.

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Peter Meier <peter.meier+kernel@immerda.ch> changed:

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--- Comment #4 from Peter Meier <peter.meier+kernel@immerda.ch>  2012-05-09 18:03:56 ---
I encounter the same problems with an Intel SSD and ext4 using the latest
kernel of Ubuntu 12.04 (3.2.0.24.26) or even a 3.4.0-030400rc4 version.

Going back to the Kernel release 3.0.0-19 of Ubuntu 11.10 makes the problems
going away.

More information https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/linux/+bug/992424

If you need any more information please let me know.

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Jim Bander <jim.bander@gmail.com> changed:

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--- Comment #5 from Jim Bander <jim.bander@gmail.com>  2012-05-14 04:55:42 ---
It also started on Ubuntu maverick when I updated to 2.6.35.32.42

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Eric Sandeen <sandeen@redhat.com> changed:

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--- Comment #6 from Eric Sandeen <sandeen@redhat.com>  2012-10-29 20:25:13 ---
Ted, Robert bisected at least one instance of this to a specific commit w.r.t.
bigalloc; do you know if it's been resolved?

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--- Comment #7 from Birger Harzenetter <wimpy@yeti.dk>  2012-10-30 20:07:51 ---
Unfortunately I am not currently in a position to easily test.
I've got only one machine using ext4 and that has been running 3.1.7 since I
set it up, reported this issue and found that to be the last working version.

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Theodore Tso <tytso@mit.edu> changed:

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             Status|NEW                         |RESOLVED
                 CC|                            |tytso@mit.edu
         Resolution|                            |PATCH_ALREADY_AVAILABLE




--- Comment #8 from Theodore Tso <tytso@mit.edu>  2012-10-30 20:55:48 ---
I'm pretty sure the bug the user was seeing is the one which was introduced in
3.2, and was fixed by commit b0dd6b70f0fd, which landed in 3.5, and then
backported to 3.2.20 and 3.4.3.

Birger first saw it in 3.2, and fell back to 3.1.7 where he didn't see it.  And
the symptoms matched up.  So that's almost certainly it.  Note: the file system
wasn't actually corrupted at all; ext4 was just confused.  :-)

commit b0dd6b70f0fda17ae9762fbb72d98e40a4f66556
Author: Theodore Ts'o <tytso@mit.edu>
Date:   Thu Jun 7 18:56:06 2012 -0400

    ext4: fix the free blocks calculation for ext3 file systems w/ uninit_bg

    Ext3 filesystems that are converted to use as many ext4 file system
    features as possible will enable uninit_bg to speed up e2fsck times.
    These file systems will have a native ext3 layout of inode tables and
    block allocation bitmaps (as opposed to ext4's flex_bg layout).
    Unfortunately, in these cases, when first allocating a block in an
    uninitialized block group, ext4 would incorrectly calculate the number
    of free blocks in that block group, and then errorneously report that
    the file system was corrupt:

    EXT4-fs error (device vdd): ext4_mb_generate_buddy:741: group 30, 32254
clusters in bitmap, 3

    This problem can be reproduced via:

        mke2fs -q -t ext4 -O ^flex_bg /dev/vdd 5g
        mount -t ext4 /dev/vdd /mnt
        fallocate -l 4600m /mnt/test

    The problem was caused by a bone headed mistake in the check to see if a
    particular metadata block was part of the block group.

    Many thanks to Kees Cook for finding and bisecting the buggy commit
    which introduced this bug (commit fd034a84e1, present since v3.2).

    Reported-by: Sander Eikelenboom <linux@eikelenboom.it>
    Reported-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
    Signed-off-by: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
    Tested-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
    Cc: stable@kernel.org

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--- Comment #9 from Robert Trace <bugzilla-kernel@farcaster.org>  2012-10-31 00:53:10 ---
A quick check of both b0dd6b70f0fd and its parent showed it fixed for me as
well.

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Benjamin Schanzel <b.schanzel@googlemail.com> changed:

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--- Comment #10 from Benjamin Schanzel <b.schanzel@googlemail.com>  2012-11-02 15:20:25 ---
I also get this error every few days. Using Fedora 17
3.6.3-1.fc17.x86_64

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--- Comment #11 from Eric Sandeen <sandeen@redhat.com>  2012-11-02 16:17:28 ---
b0dd6b70f0fd is present in v3.5.

Benjamin, does e2fsck -f find anything on the filesystem in question?

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--- Comment #12 from Benjamin Schanzel <b.schanzel@googlemail.com>  2012-11-02 16:43:00 ---
_Fedora-17-x86_6: recovering journal
Clearing orphaned inode 36955 (uid=1000, gid=1000, mode=0100600, size=192)
Clearing orphaned inode 36947 (uid=1000, gid=1000, mode=0100600, size=816)
Clearing orphaned inode 1716 (uid=1000, gid=1000, mode=0100600, size=2119)
Clearing orphaned inode 262914 (uid=1000, gid=1000, mode=0100644, size=25086)
Clearing orphaned inode 262828 (uid=1000, gid=1000, mode=0100644, size=25086)
Clearing orphaned inode 923 (uid=1000, gid=1000, mode=0100600, size=4104)
Clearing orphaned inode 262737 (uid=1000, gid=1000, mode=0100644, size=25086)
Clearing orphaned inode 262857 (uid=1000, gid=1000, mode=0100644, size=25086)
Clearing orphaned inode 36946 (uid=1000, gid=1000, mode=0100600, size=4104)
Clearing orphaned inode 1714 (uid=1000, gid=1000, mode=0100600, size=2056)
Clearing orphaned inode 263736 (uid=1000, gid=1000, mode=0100644, size=25086)
Clearing orphaned inode 393328 (uid=1000, gid=1000, mode=0100644, size=33344)
Clearing orphaned inode 36944 (uid=1000, gid=1000, mode=0100600, size=2052)
Clearing orphaned inode 36943 (uid=1000, gid=1000, mode=0100600, size=20500)
Clearing orphaned inode 2480 (uid=1000, gid=1000, mode=0100600, size=16400)
Clearing orphaned inode 1720 (uid=1000, gid=1000, mode=0100600, size=2048)
Clearing orphaned inode 1717 (uid=1000, gid=1000, mode=0100600, size=2056)
Clearing orphaned inode 1715 (uid=1000, gid=1000, mode=0100600, size=512)
Clearing orphaned inode 902 (uid=1000, gid=1000, mode=0100600, size=2048)
Clearing orphaned inode 798 (uid=1000, gid=1000, mode=0100600, size=2056)
Clearing orphaned inode 792 (uid=1000, gid=1000, mode=0100600, size=512)
Clearing orphaned inode 264090 (uid=1000, gid=1000, mode=0100644, size=25086)
Clearing orphaned inode 791 (uid=1000, gid=1000, mode=0100600, size=4096)
Clearing orphaned inode 263737 (uid=1000, gid=1000, mode=0100644, size=25086)
Pass 1: Checking inodes, blocks, and sizes
Inodes that were part of a corrupted orphan linked list found.  Fix<y>? yes
Inode 791 was part of the orphaned inode list.  FIXED.
Inode 1716 was part of the orphaned inode list.  FIXED.
Inode 36947 was part of the orphaned inode list.  FIXED.
Pass 2: Checking directory structure
Pass 3: Checking directory connectivity
Pass 4: Checking reference counts
Pass 5: Checking group summary information
Block bitmap differences:  +(1262130--1262131) +1313070 -(1685212--1685213)
Fix<y>? yes
Free blocks count wrong for group #40 (11881, counted=11880).
Fix<y>? yes
Free blocks count wrong (11735574, counted=11735652).
Fix<y>? yes
Inode bitmap differences:  -(791--792) -798 -902 -923 -(1714--1717) -1720 -2480
-(36943--36944) -(36946--36947) -36955 -393328 -396626 +397606
Fix<y>? yes
Free inodes count wrong for group #0 (0, counted=11).
Fix<y>? yes
Free inodes count wrong for group #4 (20, counted=24).
Fix<y>? yes
Free inodes count wrong for group #48 (714, counted=715).
Fix<y>? yes
Free inodes count wrong (3471460, counted=3471499).
Fix<y>? yes

_Fedora-17-x86_6: ***** FILE SYSTEM WAS MODIFIED *****
_Fedora-17-x86_6: ***** REBOOT LINUX *****
_Fedora-17-x86_6: 182133/3653632 files (0.9% non-contiguous), 2856348/14592000
blocks

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--- Comment #13 from Eric Sandeen <sandeen@redhat.com>  2012-11-02 16:45:06 ---
(In reply to comment #12)
> _Fedora-17-x86_6: recovering journal

Hm wonder why the journal was dirty ?

clearing orphaned inodes is fine

> Pass 1: Checking inodes, blocks, and sizes
> Inodes that were part of a corrupted orphan linked list found.  Fix<y>? yes
> Inode 791 was part of the orphaned inode list.  FIXED.
> Inode 1716 was part of the orphaned inode list.  FIXED.
> Inode 36947 was part of the orphaned inode list.  FIXED.
> Pass 2: Checking directory structure
> Pass 3: Checking directory connectivity
> Pass 4: Checking reference counts
> Pass 5: Checking group summary information
> Block bitmap differences:  +(1262130--1262131) +1313070 -(1685212--1685213)
> Fix<y>? yes
> Free blocks count wrong for group #40 (11881, counted=11880).
> Fix<y>? yes
> Free blocks count wrong (11735574, counted=11735652).
> Fix<y>? yes

Those might have led to the errors you saw, let's see if that clears up the
runtime errors.

-Eric

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--- Comment #14 from Benjamin Schanzel <b.schanzel@googlemail.com>  2012-11-02 16:56:07 ---
I have no idea why the journal was dirty...

Let's see if it happens again.
Very annoying. I've already lost some data because of this.

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--- Comment #15 from Birger Harzenetter <wimpy@yeti.dk>  2013-03-05 00:18:40 ---
I haven't done extensive testing due to other issues, but at lest 3.7.0 and
3.8.0 seem to be ok.

However immediately thereafter (git linux-stable) I got random contents.

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Lukas Elsner <kernel@ccube.de> changed:

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--- Comment #16 from Lukas Elsner <kernel@ccube.de>  2013-06-01 09:22:21 ---
Hi, i know this thread is very old. But I am getting exactly this error on my
crucial M4 SSD. It happens every three days. This is a gentoo box with most
recent packages. (happened with 3.9 and 3.10rc kernel.) I am thinking about a
faulty hardware, but I really dont know. Any hints for me where to look at?

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mai ling <mai.ling.lists.35@gmail.com> changed:

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--- Comment #17 from mai ling <mai.ling.lists.35@gmail.com> ---
I am seeing this on all these debian kernel versions:
ii  linux-image-3.14-0.bpo.1-686-pae          3.14.7-1~bpo70+1                 
 i386         Linux 3.14 for modern PCs
ii  linux-image-3.15-trunk-686-pae            3.15.3-1~exp1                    
 i386         Linux 3.15 for modern PCs
ii  linux-image-3.2.0-4-686-pae               3.2.57-3+deb7u2                  
 i386         Linux 3.2 for modern PCs
Debian kernel reporting howto instructs me to report this upstream here when
the issue is reproductible with latest upstream version.

[  308.192011] EXT4-fs (md124): error count: 1
[  308.192063] EXT4-fs (md124): initial error at 1404174299:
ext4_mb_generate_buddy:739
[  308.192143] EXT4-fs (md124): last error at 1404174299:
ext4_mb_generate_buddy:739

Is this the same bug or should I file a new issue in bugzilla?

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--- Comment #18 from mai ling <mai.ling.lists.35@gmail.com> ---
Created attachment 142111
  --> https://bugzilla.kernel.org/attachment.cgi?id=142111&action=edit
dmesg

attached dmesg

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--- Comment #19 from Theodore Tso <tytso@mit.edu> ---
The EXT4-fs error reported by "ext4_mb_generate_buddy" simply means that there
is an inconsistency between the block allocation bitmap and the number of free
blocks reported in a particular block group descriptor.   An e2fsck should fix
this.

There are some people who are reporting that it is showing up more frequently
in 3.15, but the problem is there can be multiple causes of this inconsistency.
 It can be caused by a hardware problem; it can be caused by flash devices that
don't handle power failures gracefully; etc, etc.

If you can reliably reproduce it, and it doesn't reliably reproduce on an older
kernel, then it becomes interesting.

As far as "error count" message, this simply means that an EXT4-fs error has
been reported since the last time the file system was checked using e2fsck.  It
will be displayed once every 24 hours, so that system administrators hopefully
get the hinit and get their file system repaired before they lose catastrophic
amounts of data.  The format is confusing, and we will be trying to make the
error messages more clear.  In particular "initial error at 1404174299" will
probably need to get changed to something like "first error since e2fsck
happened at time 1404174299", which is the number of seconds since January 1,
1970 --- since the kernel doesn't have time zone information.  You can convert
that into a human readable time stamp as follows:

% date -d @1404174299
Mon Jun 30 20:24:59 EDT 2014

The "error count" message will get cleared by e2fsck, so long as you are using
a version of e2fsck newer than 1.41.13, released in December 2010.  People who
upgrade their kernels without upgrading e2fsck can get into a situation where
they continuously get the error count message even though they have gotten
their file system checked.  But if you are using that ancient version of
e2fsprogs, you **really** want to upgrade to a newer version, just because of
the huge number of bugs fixed in the last 3.5 years.

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--- Comment #20 from mai ling <mai.ling.lists.35@gmail.com> ---
Thank you so much for your kind clarification, Theo.
After re-reading your reply and my dmesg I found out I was simply fsck-ing the
wrong device :)
I did fsck the reporting filesystem and the issue went away.
Cheers :)

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Zhiyong Wu <zwu.kernel@gmail.com> changed:

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--- Comment #21 from Zhiyong Wu <zwu.kernel@gmail.com> ---
When trying to upgrade my deabian 7.5 box to 7.6 with "apt-get upgrade", i also
met this issue recently. And i checked its source and found that commit
b0dd6b70f0fd had been applied to my box kernel.

[ 35.500785] EXT4-fs (xvda1): re-mounted. Opts: errors=remount-ro,barrier=0
[ 35.526502] loop: module loaded
[ 36.367517] RPC: Registered named UNIX socket transport module.
[ 36.367520] RPC: Registered udp transport module.
[ 36.367521] RPC: Registered tcp transport module.
[ 36.367523] RPC: Registered tcp NFSv4.1 backchannel transport module.
[ 36.378239] FS-Cache: Loaded
[ 36.393865] FS-Cache: Netfs 'nfs' registered for caching
[ 36.405048] Installing knfsd (copyright (C) 1996 okir@monad.swb.de).
[ 38.196190] EXT4-fs error (device xvda1): ext4_mb_generate_buddy:739: group
33, 9127 clusters in bitmap, 9143 in gd
[ 38.198208] Aborting journal on device xvda1-8.
[ 38.201249] EXT4-fs (xvda1): Remounting filesystem read-only
[ 38.202165] EXT4-fs error (device xvda1) in ext4_reserve_inode_write:4507:
Journal has aborted
[ 38.203509] EXT4-fs error (device xvda1): ext4_journal_start_sb:327: Detected
aborted journal
[ 38.207454] EXT4-fs error (device xvda1) in ext4_reserve_inode_write:4507:
Journal has aborted
[ 38.210148] EXT4-fs error (device xvda1) in ext4_ext_remove_space:2779:
Journal has aborted
[ 38.212614] EXT4-fs error (device xvda1) in ext4_reserve_inode_write:4507:
Journal has aborted
[ 38.215156] EXT4-fs error (device xvda1) in ext4_ext_truncate:4420: Journal
has aborted
[ 38.217590] EXT4-fs error (device xvda1) in ext4_reserve_inode_write:4507:
Journal has aborted
[ 38.220327] EXT4-fs error (device xvda1) in ext4_orphan_del:2110: Journal has
aborted
[ 38.227881] EXT4-fs error (device xvda1) in ext4_reserve_inode_write:4507:
Journal has aborted

# uname -a
Linux AY140708130459758e83Z 3.2.0-4-amd64 #1 SMP Debian 3.2.60-1+deb7u3 x86_64
GNU/Linux

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[Bug 42723] EXT4-fs error: ext4_mb_generate_buddy

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https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=42723

--- Comment #22 from Zhiyong Wu <zwu.kernel@gmail.com> ---
When trying to run fsck, i got the similar info:

fsck from util-linux 2.20.1
e2fsck 1.42.5 (29-Jul-2012)
/dev/xvda1: recovering journal
Pass 1: Checking inodes, blocks, and sizes
Deleted inode 265617 has zero dtime.  Fix<y>? yes
Inodes that were part of a corrupted orphan linked list found.  Fix<y>? yes
Inode 917518 was part of the orphaned inode list.  FIXED.
Inode 917533 was part of the orphaned inode list.  FIXED.
Inode 917537 was part of the orphaned inode list.  FIXED.
Inode 917539 was part of the orphaned inode list.  FIXED.
Inode 917541 was part of the orphaned inode list.  FIXED.
Deleted inode 917545 has zero dtime.  Fix<y>? yes
Pass 2: Checking directory structure
Pass 3: Checking directory connectivity
Pass 4: Checking reference counts
Pass 5: Checking group summary information
Block bitmap differences:  -(41472--41862) -(41920--41952) -(42464--42485)
-(53184--53217) -(1092376--1092379) -(1092388--

1092399)
Fix<y>? yes
Inode bitmap differences:  -265617 -917518 -917533 -917537 -917539 -917541
-917545
Fix<y>? yes
Free inodes count wrong for group #32 (1429, counted=1430).
Fix<y>? yes
Free inodes count wrong (1273982, counted=1273983).
Fix<y>? yes

/dev/xvda1: ***** FILE SYSTEM WAS MODIFIED *****
/dev/xvda1: ***** REBOOT LINUX *****
/dev/xvda1: 36737/1310720 files (0.2% non-contiguous), 359493/5242368 blocks

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[Bug 42723] EXT4-fs error: ext4_mb_generate_buddy

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https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=42723

--- Comment #23 from Theodore Tso <tytso@mit.edu> ---
Zhiyong,

The ext4_mb_generate_buddy() error message just means that there is an
inconsistency between the allocation bitmap and the allocation statistics in
the block group descriptor.   So people who just google for
"ext4_mb_generate_buddy" can often find old bugs that had similar symptoms.

The most recent bugfix in this area was caused by a backport of commit:

007649375f6af2 ext4: initialize multi-block allocator before checking block
descriptors

which caused errors after a replay.  It was reverted in mainline commit:

f9ae9cf5d72b39 ext4: revert commit which was causing fs corruption after
journal replays

You might want to check to see if that might be applicable for your kernel.

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[Bug 42723] EXT4-fs error: ext4_mb_generate_buddy

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--- Comment #24 from Zhiyong Wu <zwu.kernel@gmail.com> ---
Ted,

Thanks a lot for your advice, i will try it. If anything take place, i will
post it here.

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[Bug 42723] EXT4-fs error: ext4_mb_generate_buddy

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https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=42723

--- Comment #25 from Zhiyong Wu <zwu.kernel@gmail.com> ---
Hi, Ted

I checked debian 7.5/6 kernel src code, it hasn't merged commit 007649375f6af2
,so this issue whih i met seems to be not caused by this commit.

(In reply to Theodore Tso from comment #23)
> Zhiyong,

The ext4_mb_generate_buddy() error message just means that there
> is an inconsistency between the allocation bitmap and the allocation
> statistics in the block group descriptor.   So people who just google for
> "ext4_mb_generate_buddy" can often find old bugs that had similar symptoms.
> The most recent bugfix in this area was caused by a backport of commit:
> 007649375f6af2 ext4: initialize multi-block allocator before checking block
> descriptors

which caused errors after a replay.  It was reverted in
> mainline commit:

f9ae9cf5d72b39 ext4: revert commit which was causing fs
> corruption after journal replays

You might want to check to see if that
> might be applicable for your kernel.

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