[PATCH bpf-next v10 0/5] bpf: Force to MPTCP

[PATCH bpf-next v10 0/5] bpf: Force to MPTCP

[Geliang Tang]

As is described in the "How to use MPTCP?" section in MPTCP wiki [1]:

"Your app should create sockets with IPPROTO_MPTCP as the proto:
( socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, IPPROTO_MPTCP); ). Legacy apps can be
forced to create and use MPTCP sockets instead of TCP ones via the
mptcpize command bundled with the mptcpd daemon."

But the mptcpize (LD_PRELOAD technique) command has some limitations
[2]:

 - it doesn't work if the application is not using libc (e.g. GoLang
apps)
 - in some envs, it might not be easy to set env vars / change the way
apps are launched, e.g. on Android
 - mptcpize needs to be launched with all apps that want MPTCP: we could
have more control from BPF to enable MPTCP only for some apps or all the
ones of a netns or a cgroup, etc.
 - it is not in BPF, we cannot talk about it at netdev conf.

So this patchset attempts to use BPF to implement functions similer to
mptcpize.

The main idea is to add a hook in sys_socket() to change the protocol id
from IPPROTO_TCP (or 0) to IPPROTO_MPTCP.

[1]
https://github.com/multipath-tcp/mptcp_net-next/wiki
[2]
https://github.com/multipath-tcp/mptcp_net-next/issues/79

v10:
 - drop "#ifdef CONFIG_BPF_JIT".
 - include vmlinux.h and bpf_tracing_net.h to avoid defining some
macros.
 - drop unneeded checks for mptcp.

v9:
 - update comment for 'update_socket_protocol'.

v8:
 - drop the additional checks on the 'protocol' value after the
'update_socket_protocol()' call.

v7:
 - add __weak and __diag_* for update_socket_protocol.

v6:
 - add update_socket_protocol.

v5:
 - add bpf_mptcpify helper.

v4:
 - use lsm_cgroup/socket_create

v3:
 - patch 8: char cmd[128]; -> char cmd[256];

v2:
 - Fix build selftests errors reported by CI

Closes: https://github.com/multipath-tcp/mptcp_net-next/issues/79

Geliang Tang (5):
  bpf: Add update_socket_protocol hook
  selftests/bpf: Use random netns name for mptcp
  selftests/bpf: Add two mptcp netns helpers
  selftests/bpf: Drop unneeded checks for mptcp
  selftests/bpf: Add mptcpify test

 net/mptcp/bpf.c                               |  15 ++
 net/socket.c                                  |  24 ++++
 .../testing/selftests/bpf/prog_tests/mptcp.c  | 129 +++++++++++++++---
 tools/testing/selftests/bpf/progs/mptcpify.c  |  20 +++
 4 files changed, 169 insertions(+), 19 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 tools/testing/selftests/bpf/progs/mptcpify.c

-- 
2.35.3

[PATCH bpf-next v10 1/5] bpf: Add update_socket_protocol hook

[Geliang Tang]

Add a hook named update_socket_protocol in __sys_socket(), for bpf
progs to attach to and update socket protocol. One user case is to
force legacy TCP apps to create and use MPTCP sockets instead of
TCP ones.

Define a mod_ret set named bpf_mptcp_fmodret_ids, add the hook
update_socket_protocol into this set, and register it in
bpf_mptcp_kfunc_init().

Closes: https://github.com/multipath-tcp/mptcp_net-next/issues/79
Acked-by: Matthieu Baerts <matthieu.baerts@tessares.net>
Signed-off-by: Geliang Tang <geliang.tang@suse.com>
---
 net/mptcp/bpf.c | 15 +++++++++++++++
 net/socket.c    | 24 ++++++++++++++++++++++++
 2 files changed, 39 insertions(+)

diff --git a/net/mptcp/bpf.c b/net/mptcp/bpf.c
index 5a0a84ad94af..8a16672b94e2 100644
--- a/net/mptcp/bpf.c
+++ b/net/mptcp/bpf.c
@@ -19,3 +19,18 @@ struct mptcp_sock *bpf_mptcp_sock_from_subflow(struct sock *sk)
 
 	return NULL;
 }
+
+BTF_SET8_START(bpf_mptcp_fmodret_ids)
+BTF_ID_FLAGS(func, update_socket_protocol)
+BTF_SET8_END(bpf_mptcp_fmodret_ids)
+
+static const struct btf_kfunc_id_set bpf_mptcp_fmodret_set = {
+	.owner = THIS_MODULE,
+	.set   = &bpf_mptcp_fmodret_ids,
+};
+
+static int __init bpf_mptcp_kfunc_init(void)
+{
+	return register_btf_fmodret_id_set(&bpf_mptcp_fmodret_set);
+}
+late_initcall(bpf_mptcp_kfunc_init);
diff --git a/net/socket.c b/net/socket.c
index 2b0e54b2405c..9f98ced88ac5 100644
--- a/net/socket.c
+++ b/net/socket.c
@@ -1644,11 +1644,35 @@ struct file *__sys_socket_file(int family, int type, int protocol)
 	return sock_alloc_file(sock, flags, NULL);
 }
 
+/*	A hook for bpf progs to attach to and update socket protocol.
+ *
+ *	A static noinline declaration here could cause the compiler to
+ *	optimize away the function. A global noinline declaration will
+ *	keep the definition, but may optimize away the callsite.
+ *	Therefore, __weak is needed to ensure that the call is still
+ *	emitted, by telling the compiler that we don't know what the
+ *	function might eventually be.
+ *
+ *	__diag_* below are needed to dismiss the missing prototype warning.
+ */
+
+__diag_push();
+__diag_ignore_all("-Wmissing-prototypes",
+		  "kfuncs which will be used in BPF programs");
+
+__weak noinline int update_socket_protocol(int family, int type, int protocol)
+{
+	return protocol;
+}
+
+__diag_pop();
+
 int __sys_socket(int family, int type, int protocol)
 {
 	struct socket *sock;
 	int flags;
 
+	protocol = update_socket_protocol(family, type, protocol);
 	sock = __sys_socket_create(family, type, protocol);
 	if (IS_ERR(sock))
 		return PTR_ERR(sock);
-- 
2.35.3

[PATCH bpf-next v10 2/5] selftests/bpf: Use random netns name for mptcp

[Geliang Tang]

Use rand() to generate a random netns name instead of using the fixed
name "mptcp_ns" for every test.

By doing that, we can re-launch the test even if there was an issue
removing the previous netns or if by accident, a netns with this generic
name already existed on the system.

Note that using a different name each will also help adding more
subtests in future commits.

Acked-by: Yonghong Song <yonghong.song@linux.dev>
Reviewed-by: Matthieu Baerts <matthieu.baerts@tessares.net>
Signed-off-by: Geliang Tang <geliang.tang@suse.com>
---
 tools/testing/selftests/bpf/prog_tests/mptcp.c | 4 +++-
 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/bpf/prog_tests/mptcp.c b/tools/testing/selftests/bpf/prog_tests/mptcp.c
index cd0c42fff7c0..4ccca3d39a8f 100644
--- a/tools/testing/selftests/bpf/prog_tests/mptcp.c
+++ b/tools/testing/selftests/bpf/prog_tests/mptcp.c
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
 #include "network_helpers.h"
 #include "mptcp_sock.skel.h"
 
-#define NS_TEST "mptcp_ns"
+char NS_TEST[32];
 
 #ifndef TCP_CA_NAME_MAX
 #define TCP_CA_NAME_MAX	16
@@ -147,6 +147,8 @@ static void test_base(void)
 	if (!ASSERT_GE(cgroup_fd, 0, "test__join_cgroup"))
 		return;
 
+	srand(time(NULL));
+	snprintf(NS_TEST, sizeof(NS_TEST), "mptcp_ns_%d", rand());
 	SYS(fail, "ip netns add %s", NS_TEST);
 	SYS(fail, "ip -net %s link set dev lo up", NS_TEST);
 
-- 
2.35.3

[PATCH bpf-next v10 3/5] selftests/bpf: Add two mptcp netns helpers

[Geliang Tang]

Add two netns helpers for mptcp tests: create_netns() and
cleanup_netns(). Use them in test_base().

These new helpers will be re-used in the following commits introducing
new tests.

Acked-by: Yonghong Song <yonghong.song@linux.dev>
Reviewed-by: Matthieu Baerts <matthieu.baerts@tessares.net>
Signed-off-by: Geliang Tang <geliang.tang@suse.com>
---
 .../testing/selftests/bpf/prog_tests/mptcp.c  | 35 ++++++++++++-------
 1 file changed, 23 insertions(+), 12 deletions(-)

diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/bpf/prog_tests/mptcp.c b/tools/testing/selftests/bpf/prog_tests/mptcp.c
index 4ccca3d39a8f..4407bd5c9e9a 100644
--- a/tools/testing/selftests/bpf/prog_tests/mptcp.c
+++ b/tools/testing/selftests/bpf/prog_tests/mptcp.c
@@ -22,6 +22,26 @@ struct mptcp_storage {
 	char ca_name[TCP_CA_NAME_MAX];
 };
 
+static struct nstoken *create_netns(void)
+{
+	srand(time(NULL));
+	snprintf(NS_TEST, sizeof(NS_TEST), "mptcp_ns_%d", rand());
+	SYS(fail, "ip netns add %s", NS_TEST);
+	SYS(fail, "ip -net %s link set dev lo up", NS_TEST);
+
+	return open_netns(NS_TEST);
+fail:
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+static void cleanup_netns(struct nstoken *nstoken)
+{
+	if (nstoken)
+		close_netns(nstoken);
+
+	SYS_NOFAIL("ip netns del %s &> /dev/null", NS_TEST);
+}
+
 static int verify_tsk(int map_fd, int client_fd)
 {
 	int err, cfd = client_fd;
@@ -147,13 +167,8 @@ static void test_base(void)
 	if (!ASSERT_GE(cgroup_fd, 0, "test__join_cgroup"))
 		return;
 
-	srand(time(NULL));
-	snprintf(NS_TEST, sizeof(NS_TEST), "mptcp_ns_%d", rand());
-	SYS(fail, "ip netns add %s", NS_TEST);
-	SYS(fail, "ip -net %s link set dev lo up", NS_TEST);
-
-	nstoken = open_netns(NS_TEST);
-	if (!ASSERT_OK_PTR(nstoken, "open_netns"))
+	nstoken = create_netns();
+	if (!ASSERT_OK_PTR(nstoken, "create_netns"))
 		goto fail;
 
 	/* without MPTCP */
@@ -176,11 +191,7 @@ static void test_base(void)
 	close(server_fd);
 
 fail:
-	if (nstoken)
-		close_netns(nstoken);
-
-	SYS_NOFAIL("ip netns del " NS_TEST " &> /dev/null");
-
+	cleanup_netns(nstoken);
 	close(cgroup_fd);
 }
 
-- 
2.35.3

[PATCH bpf-next v10 4/5] selftests/bpf: Drop unneeded checks for mptcp

[Geliang Tang]

Load success means prog_fd and map_fd are always valid. So drop these
unneeded ASSERT_GE checks for them in mptcp run_test().

Signed-off-by: Geliang Tang <geliang.tang@suse.com>
---
 tools/testing/selftests/bpf/prog_tests/mptcp.c | 10 ----------
 1 file changed, 10 deletions(-)

diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/bpf/prog_tests/mptcp.c b/tools/testing/selftests/bpf/prog_tests/mptcp.c
index 4407bd5c9e9a..3dc0ba2e7590 100644
--- a/tools/testing/selftests/bpf/prog_tests/mptcp.c
+++ b/tools/testing/selftests/bpf/prog_tests/mptcp.c
@@ -127,17 +127,7 @@ static int run_test(int cgroup_fd, int server_fd, bool is_mptcp)
 		goto out;
 
 	prog_fd = bpf_program__fd(sock_skel->progs._sockops);
-	if (!ASSERT_GE(prog_fd, 0, "bpf_program__fd")) {
-		err = -EIO;
-		goto out;
-	}
-
 	map_fd = bpf_map__fd(sock_skel->maps.socket_storage_map);
-	if (!ASSERT_GE(map_fd, 0, "bpf_map__fd")) {
-		err = -EIO;
-		goto out;
-	}
-
 	err = bpf_prog_attach(prog_fd, cgroup_fd, BPF_CGROUP_SOCK_OPS, 0);
 	if (!ASSERT_OK(err, "bpf_prog_attach"))
 		goto out;
-- 
2.35.3

[PATCH bpf-next v10 5/5] selftests/bpf: Add mptcpify test

[Geliang Tang]

Implement a new test program mptcpify: if the family is AF_INET or
AF_INET6, the type is SOCK_STREAM, and the protocol ID is 0 or
IPPROTO_TCP, set it to IPPROTO_MPTCP. It will be hooked in
update_socket_protocol().

Extend the MPTCP test base, add a selftest test_mptcpify() for the
mptcpify case. Open and load the mptcpify test prog to mptcpify the
TCP sockets dynamically, then use start_server() and connect_to_fd()
to create a TCP socket, but actually what's created is an MPTCP
socket, which can be verified through the outputs of 'ss' and 'nstat'
commands.

Reviewed-by: Matthieu Baerts <matthieu.baerts@tessares.net>
Signed-off-by: Geliang Tang <geliang.tang@suse.com>
---
 .../testing/selftests/bpf/prog_tests/mptcp.c  | 88 +++++++++++++++++++
 tools/testing/selftests/bpf/progs/mptcpify.c  | 20 +++++
 2 files changed, 108 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 tools/testing/selftests/bpf/progs/mptcpify.c

diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/bpf/prog_tests/mptcp.c b/tools/testing/selftests/bpf/prog_tests/mptcp.c
index 3dc0ba2e7590..e5ac2c3aab7d 100644
--- a/tools/testing/selftests/bpf/prog_tests/mptcp.c
+++ b/tools/testing/selftests/bpf/prog_tests/mptcp.c
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@
 #include "cgroup_helpers.h"
 #include "network_helpers.h"
 #include "mptcp_sock.skel.h"
+#include "mptcpify.skel.h"
 
 char NS_TEST[32];
 
@@ -185,8 +186,95 @@ static void test_base(void)
 	close(cgroup_fd);
 }
 
+static void send_byte(int fd)
+{
+	char b = 0x55;
+
+	ASSERT_EQ(write(fd, &b, sizeof(b)), 1, "send single byte");
+}
+
+static int verify_mptcpify(void)
+{
+	char cmd[256];
+	int err = 0;
+
+	snprintf(cmd, sizeof(cmd),
+		 "ip netns exec %s ss -tOni | grep -q '%s'",
+		 NS_TEST, "tcp-ulp-mptcp");
+	if (!ASSERT_OK(system(cmd), "No tcp-ulp-mptcp found!"))
+		err++;
+
+	snprintf(cmd, sizeof(cmd),
+		 "ip netns exec %s nstat -asz %s | awk '%s' | grep -q '%s'",
+		 NS_TEST, "MPTcpExtMPCapableSYNACKRX",
+		 "NR==1 {next} {print $2}", "1");
+	if (!ASSERT_OK(system(cmd), "No MPTcpExtMPCapableSYNACKRX found!"))
+		err++;
+
+	return err;
+}
+
+static int run_mptcpify(int cgroup_fd)
+{
+	int server_fd, client_fd, err = 0;
+	struct mptcpify *mptcpify_skel;
+
+	mptcpify_skel = mptcpify__open_and_load();
+	if (!ASSERT_OK_PTR(mptcpify_skel, "skel_open_load"))
+		return -EIO;
+
+	err = mptcpify__attach(mptcpify_skel);
+	if (!ASSERT_OK(err, "skel_attach"))
+		goto out;
+
+	/* without MPTCP */
+	server_fd = start_server(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, NULL, 0, 0);
+	if (!ASSERT_GE(server_fd, 0, "start_server")) {
+		err = -EIO;
+		goto out;
+	}
+
+	client_fd = connect_to_fd(server_fd, 0);
+	if (!ASSERT_GE(client_fd, 0, "connect to fd")) {
+		err = -EIO;
+		goto close_server;
+	}
+
+	send_byte(client_fd);
+	err += verify_mptcpify();
+
+	close(client_fd);
+close_server:
+	close(server_fd);
+out:
+	mptcpify__destroy(mptcpify_skel);
+	return err;
+}
+
+static void test_mptcpify(void)
+{
+	struct nstoken *nstoken = NULL;
+	int cgroup_fd;
+
+	cgroup_fd = test__join_cgroup("/mptcpify");
+	if (!ASSERT_GE(cgroup_fd, 0, "test__join_cgroup"))
+		return;
+
+	nstoken = create_netns();
+	if (!ASSERT_OK_PTR(nstoken, "create_netns"))
+		goto fail;
+
+	ASSERT_OK(run_mptcpify(cgroup_fd), "run_mptcpify");
+
+fail:
+	cleanup_netns(nstoken);
+	close(cgroup_fd);
+}
+
 void test_mptcp(void)
 {
 	if (test__start_subtest("base"))
 		test_base();
+	if (test__start_subtest("mptcpify"))
+		test_mptcpify();
 }
diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/bpf/progs/mptcpify.c b/tools/testing/selftests/bpf/progs/mptcpify.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..53301ae8a8f7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tools/testing/selftests/bpf/progs/mptcpify.c
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
+/* Copyright (c) 2023, SUSE. */
+
+#include "vmlinux.h"
+#include <bpf/bpf_tracing.h>
+#include "bpf_tracing_net.h"
+
+char _license[] SEC("license") = "GPL";
+
+SEC("fmod_ret/update_socket_protocol")
+int BPF_PROG(mptcpify, int family, int type, int protocol)
+{
+	if ((family == AF_INET || family == AF_INET6) &&
+	    type == SOCK_STREAM &&
+	    (!protocol || protocol == IPPROTO_TCP)) {
+		return IPPROTO_MPTCP;
+	}
+
+	return protocol;
+}
-- 
2.35.3

Re: [PATCH bpf-next v10 1/5] bpf: Add update_socket_protocol hook

[Yonghong Song]

On 8/3/23 6:55 PM, Geliang Tang wrote:
> Add a hook named update_socket_protocol in __sys_socket(), for bpf
> progs to attach to and update socket protocol. One user case is to
> force legacy TCP apps to create and use MPTCP sockets instead of
> TCP ones.
> 
> Define a mod_ret set named bpf_mptcp_fmodret_ids, add the hook
> update_socket_protocol into this set, and register it in
> bpf_mptcp_kfunc_init().
> 
> Closes: https://github.com/multipath-tcp/mptcp_net-next/issues/79
> Acked-by: Matthieu Baerts <matthieu.baerts@tessares.net>
> Signed-off-by: Geliang Tang <geliang.tang@suse.com>

Acked-by: Yonghong Song <yonghong.song@linux.dev>

Re: [PATCH bpf-next v10 4/5] selftests/bpf: Drop unneeded checks for mptcp

[Yonghong Song]

On 8/3/23 6:55 PM, Geliang Tang wrote:
> Load success means prog_fd and map_fd are always valid. So drop these
> unneeded ASSERT_GE checks for them in mptcp run_test().
> 
> Signed-off-by: Geliang Tang <geliang.tang@suse.com>

Acked-by: Yonghong Song <yonghong.song@linux.dev>

Re: [PATCH bpf-next v10 5/5] selftests/bpf: Add mptcpify test

[Yonghong Song]

On 8/3/23 6:55 PM, Geliang Tang wrote:
> Implement a new test program mptcpify: if the family is AF_INET or
> AF_INET6, the type is SOCK_STREAM, and the protocol ID is 0 or
> IPPROTO_TCP, set it to IPPROTO_MPTCP. It will be hooked in
> update_socket_protocol().
> 
> Extend the MPTCP test base, add a selftest test_mptcpify() for the
> mptcpify case. Open and load the mptcpify test prog to mptcpify the
> TCP sockets dynamically, then use start_server() and connect_to_fd()
> to create a TCP socket, but actually what's created is an MPTCP
> socket, which can be verified through the outputs of 'ss' and 'nstat'
> commands.
> 
> Reviewed-by: Matthieu Baerts <matthieu.baerts@tessares.net>
> Signed-off-by: Geliang Tang <geliang.tang@suse.com>

Ack with a minor nit below.

Acked-by: Yonghong Song <yonghong.song@linux.dev>

> ---
>   .../testing/selftests/bpf/prog_tests/mptcp.c  | 88 +++++++++++++++++++
>   tools/testing/selftests/bpf/progs/mptcpify.c  | 20 +++++
>   2 files changed, 108 insertions(+)
>   create mode 100644 tools/testing/selftests/bpf/progs/mptcpify.c
> 
> diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/bpf/prog_tests/mptcp.c b/tools/testing/selftests/bpf/prog_tests/mptcp.c
> index 3dc0ba2e7590..e5ac2c3aab7d 100644
> --- a/tools/testing/selftests/bpf/prog_tests/mptcp.c
> +++ b/tools/testing/selftests/bpf/prog_tests/mptcp.c
> @@ -6,6 +6,7 @@
>   #include "cgroup_helpers.h"
>   #include "network_helpers.h"
>   #include "mptcp_sock.skel.h"
> +#include "mptcpify.skel.h"
>   
>   char NS_TEST[32];
>   
> @@ -185,8 +186,95 @@ static void test_base(void)
>   	close(cgroup_fd);
>   }
>   
> +static void send_byte(int fd)
> +{
> +	char b = 0x55;
> +
> +	ASSERT_EQ(write(fd, &b, sizeof(b)), 1, "send single byte");
> +}
> +
> +static int verify_mptcpify(void)
> +{
> +	char cmd[256];
> +	int err = 0;
> +
> +	snprintf(cmd, sizeof(cmd),
> +		 "ip netns exec %s ss -tOni | grep -q '%s'",
> +		 NS_TEST, "tcp-ulp-mptcp");
> +	if (!ASSERT_OK(system(cmd), "No tcp-ulp-mptcp found!"))
> +		err++;
> +
> +	snprintf(cmd, sizeof(cmd),
> +		 "ip netns exec %s nstat -asz %s | awk '%s' | grep -q '%s'",
> +		 NS_TEST, "MPTcpExtMPCapableSYNACKRX",
> +		 "NR==1 {next} {print $2}", "1");
> +	if (!ASSERT_OK(system(cmd), "No MPTcpExtMPCapableSYNACKRX found!"))
> +		err++;
> +
> +	return err;
> +}
> +
> +static int run_mptcpify(int cgroup_fd)
> +{
> +	int server_fd, client_fd, err = 0;
> +	struct mptcpify *mptcpify_skel;
> +
> +	mptcpify_skel = mptcpify__open_and_load();
> +	if (!ASSERT_OK_PTR(mptcpify_skel, "skel_open_load"))
> +		return -EIO;
> +
> +	err = mptcpify__attach(mptcpify_skel);
> +	if (!ASSERT_OK(err, "skel_attach"))
> +		goto out;
> +
> +	/* without MPTCP */
> +	server_fd = start_server(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, NULL, 0, 0);
> +	if (!ASSERT_GE(server_fd, 0, "start_server")) {
> +		err = -EIO;
> +		goto out;
> +	}
> +
> +	client_fd = connect_to_fd(server_fd, 0);
> +	if (!ASSERT_GE(client_fd, 0, "connect to fd")) {
> +		err = -EIO;
> +		goto close_server;
> +	}
> +
> +	send_byte(client_fd);
> +	err += verify_mptcpify();

The above code essentially equals to
	err = verify_mptcpify()
since err must be 0 before the above code.
I think it is worthwhile to change the above to
	err = verify_mptcpify();

Otherwise, people may confuse that maybe err could be
non-zero before send_byte(client_fd)? If this is the
case, why we did not return earlier? The code
	err = verify_mptcpify()
will make it clear that all previous error
conditions have been handled properly.

> +
> +	close(client_fd);
> +close_server:
> +	close(server_fd);
> +out:
> +	mptcpify__destroy(mptcpify_skel);
> +	return err;
> +}
> +
[...]