command substitutions in $PS4

command substitutions in $PS4

[Stephane Chazelas]

Hello.

[tested on current git head
f6d4def4e27b13fab174e948b94cd10550d3e10e]

Command substitution doesn't seem to work in $PS4 (used for
xtrace prompt):

$ PS4='$(date +%T)> ' dash -xc :
dash: 1: Syntax error: end of file unexpected (expecting ")")

And with the old syntax:

$ PS4='`date +%T`> ' dash -xc :
> :

And with more than one command:

$ PS4='`date +%T`> ' dash -xc ':;:'
> :

dash doesn't return and seems to go in a forking loop,
presumably because the `date` there triggers another PS4
expansion and so on recursively

If I prevent the recursion with:

--- a/src/eval.c
+++ b/src/eval.c
@@ -776,7 +776,15 @@ evalcommand(union node *cmd, int flags)
 		int sep;
 
 		out = &preverrout;
+
+		/*
+		 * reset xflag temporarily for command substitutions performed
+		 * upon $PS4 expansion
+		 */
+		xflag = 0;
 		outstr(expandstr(ps4val()), out);
+		xflag = 1;
+
 		sep = 0;
 		sep = eprintlist(out, varlist.list, sep);
 		eprintlist(out, arglist.list, sep);

$ PS4='`date +%T`> ' ./src/dash -xc ':;sleep 1; date'
> :
21:43:47> sleep 1
21:43:48> date
Mon Nov 17 21:43:48 GMT 2014

The command substitution still fails upon the first expansion
only. I quickly gave up trying to find out why as I found the
code there hard to follow.

-- 
Stephane

Re: command substitutions in $PS4

[Jilles Tjoelker]

On Mon, Nov 17, 2014 at 09:49:32PM +0000, Stephane Chazelas wrote:
> [tested on current git head
> f6d4def4e27b13fab174e948b94cd10550d3e10e]

> Command substitution doesn't seem to work in $PS4 (used for
> xtrace prompt):

> $ PS4='$(date +%T)> ' dash -xc :
> dash: 1: Syntax error: end of file unexpected (expecting ")")

> And with the old syntax:

> $ PS4='`date +%T`> ' dash -xc :
> > :

> And with more than one command:

> $ PS4='`date +%T`> ' dash -xc ':;:'
> > :

> dash doesn't return and seems to go in a forking loop,
> presumably because the `date` there triggers another PS4
> expansion and so on recursively

> If I prevent the recursion with:

> --- a/src/eval.c
> +++ b/src/eval.c
> @@ -776,7 +776,15 @@ evalcommand(union node *cmd, int flags)
>  		int sep;
>  
>  		out = &preverrout;
> +
> +		/*
> +		 * reset xflag temporarily for command substitutions performed
> +		 * upon $PS4 expansion
> +		 */
> +		xflag = 0;
>  		outstr(expandstr(ps4val()), out);
> +		xflag = 1;
> +
>  		sep = 0;
>  		sep = eprintlist(out, varlist.list, sep);
>  		eprintlist(out, arglist.list, sep);

> $ PS4='`date +%T`> ' ./src/dash -xc ':;sleep 1; date'
> > :
> 21:43:47> sleep 1
> 21:43:48> date
> Mon Nov 17 21:43:48 GMT 2014

> The command substitution still fails upon the first expansion
> only. I quickly gave up trying to find out why as I found the
> code there hard to follow.

In FreeBSD sh, I have disabled command substitution in PS4 (POSIX does
not require it anyway). It is treated as a syntax error.

Talking about syntax errors, dash has a problem there as well. If there
is a syntax error in PS4 and set -x is enabled, it will not execute any
simple commands (assignments to PS4 cause an error and are subsequently
reverted). FreeBSD sh prints the error messages and subsequently uses
the raw unexpanded text.

-- 
Jilles Tjoelker