[PATCH V3 0/3][RFC] Add Support for Virtual Processor Home Node (VPHN)

[PATCH V3 0/3][RFC] Add Support for Virtual Processor Home Node (VPHN)

[Jesse Larrew]

From: Jesse Larrew <jlarrew@linux.vnet.ibm.com>

The SPLPAR option allows the platform to dispatch virtual processors on
physical processors that, due to the variable nature of work loads, are
temporarily free, thus improving the utilization of computing resources.
However, SPLPAR implies inconsistent mapping of virtual to physical
processors, thus defeating resource allocation software that attempts to
optimize performance on platforms that implement the NUMA option.

To bridge the gap between these two options, the VPHN option maintains a
substantially consistent mapping of a given virtual processor to a physical
processor or set of processors within a given associativity domain. When
allocating computing resources, the kernel can take advantage of this
statistically consistent mapping to improve processing performance.

VPHN mappings are substantially consistent but not static. For any given
dispatch cycle, a best effort is made by the hypervisor to dispatch the
virtual processor on a physical processor within a targeted associativity
domain (the virtual processor's home node). However, if processing capacity
within the home node is not available, some other physical processor is
assigned to meet the processing capacity entitlement. From time to time,
to optimize the total platform performance, it may be necessary for the
platform to change the home node of a given virtual processor.

The Virtual Processor Home Node feature addresses this by adding the
H_HOME_NODE_ASSOCIATIVITY hcall to retrieve the current associativity
domain information directly from the hypervisor for a given virtual
processor's home node. It also exposes a set of associativity change
counters in the Virtual Processor Area (VPA) of each processor to indicate
when associativity changes occur.

This patch set sets a timer during boot that will periodically poll the
associativity change counters. When a change in associativity is detected,
it retrieves the new associativity domain information via the
H_HOME_NODE_ASSOCIATIVITY hcall and updates the NUMA node maps and sysfs
entries accordingly. The polling mechanism is also tied into the
ibm,suspend-me rtas call to stop/restart polling before/after a suspend,
hibernate, migrate, or checkpoint restart operation.

This patch set applies to v2.6.37-rc4 and includes the following:

[PATCH 1/3] powerpc: Add VPHN firmware feature
[PATCH 2/3] powerpc: Poll VPA for topology changes and update NUMA maps
[PATCH 3/3] powerpc: Disable VPHN polling during a suspend operation

Changes since V2:

* Rebased on 2.6.37-rc4.
* Rearranged work declarations and timer initializations to eliminate
  unnecessary function declarations.
* Eliminated redundant cpumask operations in 
  update_cpu_associativity_changes_mask().
* Eliminated unnecessary return statments from functions with void
  return types.
* Coding-style cleanups.
* Replaced del_timer() with del_timer_sync() in stop_topology_update(),
  and added the "vphn_enabled" flag to prevent the timer function from
  reinstalling itself.

Signed-off-by: Jesse Larrew <jlarrew@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
---
 arch/powerpc/include/asm/firmware.h       |    3 +-
 arch/powerpc/include/asm/hvcall.h         |    3 +-
 arch/powerpc/include/asm/lppaca.h         |    5 +-
 arch/powerpc/include/asm/topology.h       |   10 +
 arch/powerpc/kernel/rtas.c                |    3 +
 arch/powerpc/mm/numa.c                    |  274 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++-
 arch/powerpc/platforms/pseries/firmware.c |    1 +
 7 files changed, 286 insertions(+), 13 deletions(-)

[PATCH V3 1/3] powerpc: Add VPHN firmware feature

[Jesse Larrew]

From: Jesse Larrew <jlarrew@linux.vnet.ibm.com>

This simple patch adds the firmware feature for VPHN to the firmware 
features bitmask.

Signed-off-by: Jesse Larrew <jlarrew@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
---
 arch/powerpc/include/asm/firmware.h       |    3 ++-
 arch/powerpc/include/asm/hvcall.h         |    3 ++-
 arch/powerpc/platforms/pseries/firmware.c |    1 +
 3 files changed, 5 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/arch/powerpc/include/asm/firmware.h b/arch/powerpc/include/asm/firmware.h
index 20778a4..4ef662e 100644
--- a/arch/powerpc/include/asm/firmware.h
+++ b/arch/powerpc/include/asm/firmware.h
@@ -46,6 +46,7 @@
 #define FW_FEATURE_PS3_LV1	ASM_CONST(0x0000000000800000)
 #define FW_FEATURE_BEAT		ASM_CONST(0x0000000001000000)
 #define FW_FEATURE_CMO		ASM_CONST(0x0000000002000000)
+#define FW_FEATURE_VPHN		ASM_CONST(0x0000000004000000)
 
 #ifndef __ASSEMBLY__
 
@@ -59,7 +60,7 @@ enum {
 		FW_FEATURE_VIO | FW_FEATURE_RDMA | FW_FEATURE_LLAN |
 		FW_FEATURE_BULK_REMOVE | FW_FEATURE_XDABR |
 		FW_FEATURE_MULTITCE | FW_FEATURE_SPLPAR | FW_FEATURE_LPAR |
-		FW_FEATURE_CMO,
+		FW_FEATURE_CMO | FW_FEATURE_VPHN,
 	FW_FEATURE_PSERIES_ALWAYS = 0,
 	FW_FEATURE_ISERIES_POSSIBLE = FW_FEATURE_ISERIES | FW_FEATURE_LPAR,
 	FW_FEATURE_ISERIES_ALWAYS = FW_FEATURE_ISERIES | FW_FEATURE_LPAR,
diff --git a/arch/powerpc/include/asm/hvcall.h b/arch/powerpc/include/asm/hvcall.h
index de03ca5..6de1e5f 100644
--- a/arch/powerpc/include/asm/hvcall.h
+++ b/arch/powerpc/include/asm/hvcall.h
@@ -232,7 +232,8 @@
 #define H_GET_EM_PARMS		0x2B8
 #define H_SET_MPP		0x2D0
 #define H_GET_MPP		0x2D4
-#define MAX_HCALL_OPCODE	H_GET_MPP
+#define H_HOME_NODE_ASSOCIATIVITY 0x2EC
+#define MAX_HCALL_OPCODE	H_HOME_NODE_ASSOCIATIVITY
 
 #ifndef __ASSEMBLY__
 
diff --git a/arch/powerpc/platforms/pseries/firmware.c b/arch/powerpc/platforms/pseries/firmware.c
index 0a14d8c..0b0eff0 100644
--- a/arch/powerpc/platforms/pseries/firmware.c
+++ b/arch/powerpc/platforms/pseries/firmware.c
@@ -55,6 +55,7 @@ firmware_features_table[FIRMWARE_MAX_FEATURES] = {
 	{FW_FEATURE_XDABR,		"hcall-xdabr"},
 	{FW_FEATURE_MULTITCE,		"hcall-multi-tce"},
 	{FW_FEATURE_SPLPAR,		"hcall-splpar"},
+	{FW_FEATURE_VPHN,		"hcall-vphn"},
 };
 
 /* Build up the firmware features bitmask using the contents of
-- 
1.7.2.3

[PATCH V3 2/3] powerpc: Poll VPA for topology changes and update NUMA maps

[Jesse Larrew]

From: Jesse Larrew <jlarrew@linux.vnet.ibm.com>

This patch sets a timer during boot that will periodically poll the
associativity change counters in the VPA. When a change in 
associativity is detected, it retrieves the new associativity domain 
information via the H_HOME_NODE_ASSOCIATIVITY hcall and updates the 
NUMA node maps and sysfs entries accordingly. Note that since the 
ibm,associativity device tree property does not exist on configurations 
with both NUMA and SPLPAR enabled, no device tree updates are necessary.

Signed-off-by: Jesse Larrew <jlarrew@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
---
 arch/powerpc/include/asm/lppaca.h |    5 +-
 arch/powerpc/mm/numa.c            |  277 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++--
 2 files changed, 271 insertions(+), 11 deletions(-)

diff --git a/arch/powerpc/include/asm/lppaca.h b/arch/powerpc/include/asm/lppaca.h
index 7f5e0fe..380d48b 100644
--- a/arch/powerpc/include/asm/lppaca.h
+++ b/arch/powerpc/include/asm/lppaca.h
@@ -62,7 +62,10 @@ struct lppaca {
 	volatile u32 dyn_pir;		// Dynamic ProcIdReg value	x20-x23
 	u32	dsei_data;           	// DSEI data                  	x24-x27
 	u64	sprg3;               	// SPRG3 value                	x28-x2F
-	u8	reserved3[80];		// Reserved			x30-x7F
+	u8	reserved3[40];		// Reserved			x30-x57
+	volatile u8 vphn_assoc_counts[8]; // Virtual processor home node
+					// associativity change counters x58-x5F
+	u8	reserved4[32];		// Reserved			x60-x7F
 
 //=============================================================================
 // CACHE_LINE_2 0x0080 - 0x00FF Contains local read-write data
diff --git a/arch/powerpc/mm/numa.c b/arch/powerpc/mm/numa.c
index 74505b2..42aa7d1 100644
--- a/arch/powerpc/mm/numa.c
+++ b/arch/powerpc/mm/numa.c
@@ -20,10 +20,14 @@
 #include <linux/memblock.h>
 #include <linux/of.h>
 #include <linux/pfn.h>
+#include <linux/cpuset.h>
+#include <linux/node.h>
 #include <asm/sparsemem.h>
 #include <asm/prom.h>
 #include <asm/system.h>
 #include <asm/smp.h>
+#include <asm/firmware.h>
+#include <asm/paca.h>
 
 static int numa_enabled = 1;
 
@@ -246,32 +250,41 @@ static void initialize_distance_lookup_table(int nid,
 /* Returns nid in the range [0..MAX_NUMNODES-1], or -1 if no useful numa
  * info is found.
  */
-static int of_node_to_nid_single(struct device_node *device)
+static int associativity_to_nid(const unsigned int *associativity)
 {
 	int nid = -1;
-	const unsigned int *tmp;
 
 	if (min_common_depth == -1)
 		goto out;
 
-	tmp = of_get_associativity(device);
-	if (!tmp)
-		goto out;
-
-	if (tmp[0] >= min_common_depth)
-		nid = tmp[min_common_depth];
+	if (associativity[0] >= min_common_depth)
+		nid = associativity[min_common_depth];
 
 	/* POWER4 LPAR uses 0xffff as invalid node */
 	if (nid == 0xffff || nid >= MAX_NUMNODES)
 		nid = -1;
 
-	if (nid > 0 && tmp[0] >= distance_ref_points_depth)
-		initialize_distance_lookup_table(nid, tmp);
+	if (nid > 0 && associativity[0] >= distance_ref_points_depth)
+		initialize_distance_lookup_table(nid, associativity);
 
 out:
 	return nid;
 }
 
+/* Returns the nid associated with the given device tree node,
+ * or -1 if not found.
+ */
+static int of_node_to_nid_single(struct device_node *device)
+{
+	int nid = -1;
+	const unsigned int *tmp;
+
+	tmp = of_get_associativity(device);
+	if (tmp)
+		nid = associativity_to_nid(tmp);
+	return nid;
+}
+
 /* Walk the device tree upwards, looking for an associativity id */
 int of_node_to_nid(struct device_node *device)
 {
@@ -1248,3 +1261,247 @@ int hot_add_scn_to_nid(unsigned long scn_addr)
 }
 
 #endif /* CONFIG_MEMORY_HOTPLUG */
+
+/* Vrtual Processor Home Node (VPHN) support */
+#define VPHN_NR_CHANGE_CTRS (8)
+static u8 vphn_cpu_change_counts[NR_CPUS][VPHN_NR_CHANGE_CTRS];
+static cpumask_t cpu_associativity_changes_mask;
+static int vphn_enabled;
+static void set_topology_timer(void);
+int stop_topology_update(void);
+
+/*
+ * Store the current values of the associativity change counters in the
+ * hypervisor.
+ */
+static void setup_cpu_associativity_change_counters(void)
+{
+	int cpu = 0;
+
+	for_each_possible_cpu(cpu) {
+		int i = 0;
+		u8 *counts = vphn_cpu_change_counts[cpu];
+		volatile u8 *hypervisor_counts = lppaca[cpu].vphn_assoc_counts;
+
+		for (i = 0; i < VPHN_NR_CHANGE_CTRS; i++) {
+			counts[i] = hypervisor_counts[i];
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+/*
+ * The hypervisor maintains a set of 8 associativity change counters in
+ * the VPA of each cpu that correspond to the associativity levels in the
+ * ibm,associativity-reference-points property. When an associativity
+ * level changes, the corresponding counter is incremented.
+ *
+ * Set a bit in cpu_associativity_changes_mask for each cpu whose home
+ * node associativity levels have changed.
+ *
+ * Returns the number of cpus with unhandled associativity changes.
+ */
+static int update_cpu_associativity_changes_mask(void)
+{
+	int cpu = 0, nr_cpus = 0;
+	cpumask_t *changes = &cpu_associativity_changes_mask;
+
+	cpumask_clear(changes);
+
+	for_each_possible_cpu(cpu) {
+		int i, changed = 0;
+		u8 *counts = vphn_cpu_change_counts[cpu];
+		volatile u8 *hypervisor_counts = lppaca[cpu].vphn_assoc_counts;
+
+		for (i = 0; i < VPHN_NR_CHANGE_CTRS; i++) {
+			if (hypervisor_counts[i] > counts[i]) {
+				counts[i] = hypervisor_counts[i];
+				changed = 1;
+			}
+		}
+		if (changed) {
+			cpumask_set_cpu(cpu, changes);
+			nr_cpus++;
+		}
+	}
+
+	return nr_cpus;
+}
+
+/* 6 64-bit registers unpacked into 12 32-bit associativity values */
+#define VPHN_ASSOC_BUFSIZE (6*sizeof(u64)/sizeof(u32))
+
+/*
+ * Convert the associativity domain numbers returned from the hypervisor
+ * to the sequence they would appear in the ibm,associativity property.
+ */
+static int vphn_unpack_associativity(const long *packed, unsigned int *unpacked)
+{
+	int i = 0;
+	int nr_assoc_doms = 0;
+	const u16 *field = (const u16*) packed;
+
+#define VPHN_FIELD_UNUSED	(0xffff)
+#define VPHN_FIELD_MSB		(0x8000)
+#define VPHN_FIELD_MASK		(~VPHN_FIELD_MSB)
+
+	for (i = 0; i < VPHN_ASSOC_BUFSIZE; i++) {
+		if (*field == VPHN_FIELD_UNUSED) {
+			/* All significant fields processed, and remaining
+			 * fields contain the reserved value of all 1's.
+			 * Just store them.
+			 */
+			unpacked[i] = *((u32*)field);
+			field += 2;
+		}
+		else if (*field & VPHN_FIELD_MSB) {
+			/* Data is in the lower 15 bits of this field */
+			unpacked[i] = *field & VPHN_FIELD_MASK;
+			field++;
+			nr_assoc_doms++;
+		}
+		else {
+			/* Data is in the lower 15 bits of this field
+			 * concatenated with the next 16 bit field
+			 */
+			unpacked[i] = *((u32*)field);
+			field += 2;
+			nr_assoc_doms++;
+		}
+	}
+
+	return nr_assoc_doms;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Retrieve the new associativity information for a virtual processor's
+ * home node.
+ */
+static long hcall_vphn(unsigned long cpu, unsigned int *associativity)
+{
+	long rc = 0;
+	long retbuf[PLPAR_HCALL9_BUFSIZE] = {0};
+	u64 flags = 1;
+	int hwcpu = get_hard_smp_processor_id(cpu);
+
+	rc = plpar_hcall9(H_HOME_NODE_ASSOCIATIVITY, retbuf, flags, hwcpu);
+	vphn_unpack_associativity(retbuf, associativity);
+
+	return rc;
+}
+
+static long vphn_get_associativity(unsigned long cpu,
+					unsigned int *associativity)
+{
+	long rc = 0;
+
+	rc = hcall_vphn(cpu, associativity);
+
+	switch (rc) {
+	case H_FUNCTION:
+		printk(KERN_INFO
+			"VPHN is not supported. Disabling polling...\n");
+		stop_topology_update();
+		break;
+	case H_HARDWARE:
+		printk(KERN_ERR
+			"hcall_vphn() experienced a hardware fault "
+			"preventing VPHN. Disabling polling...\n");
+		stop_topology_update();
+	}
+
+	return rc;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Update the node maps and sysfs entries for each cpu whose home node
+ * has changed.
+ */
+int arch_update_cpu_topology(void)
+{
+	int cpu = 0, nid = 0, old_nid = 0;
+	unsigned int associativity[VPHN_ASSOC_BUFSIZE] = {0};
+	struct sys_device *sysdev = NULL;
+
+	for_each_cpu_mask(cpu, cpu_associativity_changes_mask) {
+		vphn_get_associativity(cpu, associativity);
+		nid = associativity_to_nid(associativity);
+
+		if (nid < 0 || !node_online(nid))
+			nid = first_online_node;
+
+		old_nid = numa_cpu_lookup_table[cpu];
+
+		/* Disable hotplug while we update the cpu
+		 * masks and sysfs.
+		 */
+		get_online_cpus();
+		unregister_cpu_under_node(cpu, old_nid);
+		unmap_cpu_from_node(cpu);
+		map_cpu_to_node(cpu, nid);
+		register_cpu_under_node(cpu, nid);
+		put_online_cpus();
+
+		sysdev = get_cpu_sysdev(cpu);
+		if (sysdev)
+			kobject_uevent(&sysdev->kobj, KOBJ_CHANGE);
+	}
+
+	return 1;
+}
+
+static void topology_work_fn(struct work_struct *work)
+{
+	rebuild_sched_domains();
+}
+static DECLARE_WORK(topology_work, topology_work_fn);
+
+void topology_schedule_update(void)
+{
+	schedule_work(&topology_work);
+}
+
+static void topology_timer_fn(unsigned long ignored)
+{
+	if (!vphn_enabled)
+		return;
+	if (update_cpu_associativity_changes_mask() > 0)
+		topology_schedule_update();
+	set_topology_timer();
+}
+static struct timer_list topology_timer =
+	TIMER_INITIALIZER(topology_timer_fn, 0, 0);
+
+static void set_topology_timer(void)
+{
+	topology_timer.data = 0;
+	topology_timer.expires = jiffies + 60 * HZ;
+	add_timer(&topology_timer);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Start polling for VPHN associativity changes.
+ */
+int start_topology_update(void)
+{
+	int rc = 0;
+
+	if (firmware_has_feature(FW_FEATURE_VPHN)) {
+		vphn_enabled = 1;
+		setup_cpu_associativity_change_counters();
+		init_timer_deferrable(&topology_timer);
+		set_topology_timer();
+		rc = 1;
+	}
+
+	return rc;
+}
+__initcall(start_topology_update);
+
+/*
+ * Disable polling for VPHN associativity changes.
+ */
+int stop_topology_update(void)
+{
+	vphn_enabled = 0;
+	return del_timer_sync(&topology_timer);
+}
-- 
1.7.2.3

[PATCH V3 3/3] powerpc: Disable VPHN polling during a suspend operation

[Jesse Larrew]

From: Jesse Larrew <jlarrew@linux.vnet.ibm.com>

Tie the polling mechanism into the ibm,suspend-me rtas call to
stop/restart polling before/after a suspend, hibernate, migrate,
or checkpoint restart operation. This ensures that the system has a
chance to disable the polling if the partition is migrated to a system
that does not support VPHN (and vice versa).

Signed-off-by: Jesse Larrew <jlarrew@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
---
 arch/powerpc/include/asm/topology.h |   10 ++++++++++
 arch/powerpc/kernel/rtas.c          |    3 +++
 2 files changed, 13 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)

diff --git a/arch/powerpc/include/asm/topology.h b/arch/powerpc/include/asm/topology.h
index afe4aaa..aed188b 100644
--- a/arch/powerpc/include/asm/topology.h
+++ b/arch/powerpc/include/asm/topology.h
@@ -93,6 +93,8 @@ extern void __init dump_numa_cpu_topology(void);
 extern int sysfs_add_device_to_node(struct sys_device *dev, int nid);
 extern void sysfs_remove_device_from_node(struct sys_device *dev, int nid);
 
+extern int start_topology_update(void);
+extern int stop_topology_update(void);
 #else
 
 static inline void dump_numa_cpu_topology(void) {}
@@ -107,6 +109,14 @@ static inline void sysfs_remove_device_from_node(struct sys_device *dev,
 {
 }
 
+static inline int start_topology_update(void)
+{
+	return 0;
+}
+static inline int stop_topology_update(void)
+{
+	return 0;
+}
 #endif /* CONFIG_NUMA */
 
 #include <asm-generic/topology.h>
diff --git a/arch/powerpc/kernel/rtas.c b/arch/powerpc/kernel/rtas.c
index 8fe8bc6..2097f2b 100644
--- a/arch/powerpc/kernel/rtas.c
+++ b/arch/powerpc/kernel/rtas.c
@@ -41,6 +41,7 @@
 #include <asm/atomic.h>
 #include <asm/time.h>
 #include <asm/mmu.h>
+#include <asm/topology.h>
 
 struct rtas_t rtas = {
 	.lock = __ARCH_SPIN_LOCK_UNLOCKED
@@ -713,6 +714,7 @@ static int __rtas_suspend_last_cpu(struct rtas_suspend_me_data *data, int wake_w
 	int cpu;
 
 	slb_set_size(SLB_MIN_SIZE);
+	stop_topology_update();
 	printk(KERN_DEBUG "calling ibm,suspend-me on cpu %i\n", smp_processor_id());
 
 	while (rc == H_MULTI_THREADS_ACTIVE && !atomic_read(&data->done) &&
@@ -728,6 +730,7 @@ static int __rtas_suspend_last_cpu(struct rtas_suspend_me_data *data, int wake_w
 		rc = atomic_read(&data->error);
 
 	atomic_set(&data->error, rc);
+	start_topology_update();
 
 	if (wake_when_done) {
 		atomic_set(&data->done, 1);
-- 
1.7.2.3