[PATCH kernel v4 0/2] DMA, powerpc/dma: Fallback to dma_ops when persistent memory present

[PATCH kernel v4 0/2] DMA, powerpc/dma: Fallback to dma_ops when persistent memory present

[Alexey Kardashevskiy]

This allows mixing direct DMA (to/from RAM) and
IOMMU (to/from apersistent memory) on the PPC64/pseries
platform.

This replaces https://lkml.org/lkml/2020/10/28/929
which replaces https://lkml.org/lkml/2020/10/27/418
which replaces https://lkml.org/lkml/2020/10/20/1085


This is based on sha1
4525c8781ec0 Linus Torvalds "scsi: qla2xxx: remove incorrect sparse #ifdef".

Please comment. Thanks.



Alexey Kardashevskiy (2):
  dma: Allow mixing bypass and mapped DMA operation
  powerpc/dma: Fallback to dma_ops when persistent memory present

 arch/powerpc/kernel/dma-iommu.c        | 73 +++++++++++++++++++++++++-
 arch/powerpc/platforms/pseries/iommu.c | 51 ++++++++++++++----
 kernel/dma/mapping.c                   | 26 +++++++--
 arch/powerpc/Kconfig                   |  1 +
 kernel/dma/Kconfig                     |  4 ++
 5 files changed, 139 insertions(+), 16 deletions(-)

-- 
2.17.1

[PATCH kernel v4 1/2] dma: Allow mixing bypass and mapped DMA operation

[Alexey Kardashevskiy]

At the moment we allow bypassing DMA ops only when we can do this for
the entire RAM. However there are configs with mixed type memory
where we could still allow bypassing IOMMU in most cases;
POWERPC with persistent memory is one example.

This adds an arch hook to determine where bypass can still work and
we invoke direct DMA API. The following patch checks the bus limit
on POWERPC to allow or disallow direct mapping.

This adds a CONFIG_ARCH_HAS_DMA_SET_MASK config option to make arch_xxxx
hooks no-op by default.

Signed-off-by: Alexey Kardashevskiy <aik@ozlabs.ru>
---
Changes:
v4:
* wrapped long lines
---
 kernel/dma/mapping.c | 26 ++++++++++++++++++++++----
 kernel/dma/Kconfig   |  4 ++++
 2 files changed, 26 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-)

diff --git a/kernel/dma/mapping.c b/kernel/dma/mapping.c
index 51bb8fa8eb89..ad1f052e046d 100644
--- a/kernel/dma/mapping.c
+++ b/kernel/dma/mapping.c
@@ -137,6 +137,20 @@ static inline bool dma_map_direct(struct device *dev,
 	return dma_go_direct(dev, *dev->dma_mask, ops);
 }
 
+#ifdef CONFIG_ARCH_HAS_DMA_MAP_DIRECT
+bool arch_dma_map_page_direct(struct device *dev, phys_addr_t addr);
+bool arch_dma_unmap_page_direct(struct device *dev, dma_addr_t dma_handle);
+bool arch_dma_map_sg_direct(struct device *dev, struct scatterlist *sg,
+			    int nents);
+bool arch_dma_unmap_sg_direct(struct device *dev, struct scatterlist *sg,
+			      int nents);
+#else
+#define arch_dma_map_page_direct(d, a) (0)
+#define arch_dma_unmap_page_direct(d, a) (0)
+#define arch_dma_map_sg_direct(d, s, n) (0)
+#define arch_dma_unmap_sg_direct(d, s, n) (0)
+#endif
+
 dma_addr_t dma_map_page_attrs(struct device *dev, struct page *page,
 		size_t offset, size_t size, enum dma_data_direction dir,
 		unsigned long attrs)
@@ -149,7 +163,8 @@ dma_addr_t dma_map_page_attrs(struct device *dev, struct page *page,
 	if (WARN_ON_ONCE(!dev->dma_mask))
 		return DMA_MAPPING_ERROR;
 
-	if (dma_map_direct(dev, ops))
+	if (dma_map_direct(dev, ops) ||
+	    arch_dma_map_page_direct(dev, page_to_phys(page) + offset + size))
 		addr = dma_direct_map_page(dev, page, offset, size, dir, attrs);
 	else
 		addr = ops->map_page(dev, page, offset, size, dir, attrs);
@@ -165,7 +180,8 @@ void dma_unmap_page_attrs(struct device *dev, dma_addr_t addr, size_t size,
 	const struct dma_map_ops *ops = get_dma_ops(dev);
 
 	BUG_ON(!valid_dma_direction(dir));
-	if (dma_map_direct(dev, ops))
+	if (dma_map_direct(dev, ops) ||
+	    arch_dma_unmap_page_direct(dev, addr + size))
 		dma_direct_unmap_page(dev, addr, size, dir, attrs);
 	else if (ops->unmap_page)
 		ops->unmap_page(dev, addr, size, dir, attrs);
@@ -188,7 +204,8 @@ int dma_map_sg_attrs(struct device *dev, struct scatterlist *sg, int nents,
 	if (WARN_ON_ONCE(!dev->dma_mask))
 		return 0;
 
-	if (dma_map_direct(dev, ops))
+	if (dma_map_direct(dev, ops) ||
+	    arch_dma_map_sg_direct(dev, sg, nents))
 		ents = dma_direct_map_sg(dev, sg, nents, dir, attrs);
 	else
 		ents = ops->map_sg(dev, sg, nents, dir, attrs);
@@ -207,7 +224,8 @@ void dma_unmap_sg_attrs(struct device *dev, struct scatterlist *sg,
 
 	BUG_ON(!valid_dma_direction(dir));
 	debug_dma_unmap_sg(dev, sg, nents, dir);
-	if (dma_map_direct(dev, ops))
+	if (dma_map_direct(dev, ops) ||
+	    arch_dma_unmap_sg_direct(dev, sg, nents))
 		dma_direct_unmap_sg(dev, sg, nents, dir, attrs);
 	else if (ops->unmap_sg)
 		ops->unmap_sg(dev, sg, nents, dir, attrs);
diff --git a/kernel/dma/Kconfig b/kernel/dma/Kconfig
index c99de4a21458..43d106598e82 100644
--- a/kernel/dma/Kconfig
+++ b/kernel/dma/Kconfig
@@ -20,6 +20,10 @@ config DMA_OPS
 config DMA_OPS_BYPASS
 	bool
 
+# Lets platform IOMMU driver choose between bypass and IOMMU
+config ARCH_HAS_DMA_MAP_DIRECT
+	bool
+
 config NEED_SG_DMA_LENGTH
 	bool
 
-- 
2.17.1

[PATCH kernel v4 2/2] powerpc/dma: Fallback to dma_ops when persistent memory present

[Alexey Kardashevskiy]

So far we have been using huge DMA windows to map all the RAM available.
The RAM is normally mapped to the VM address space contiguously, and
there is always a reasonable upper limit for possible future hot plugged
RAM which makes it easy to map all RAM via IOMMU.

Now there is persistent memory ("ibm,pmemory" in the FDT) which (unlike
normal RAM) can map anywhere in the VM space beyond the maximum RAM size
and since it can be used for DMA, it requires extending the huge window
up to MAX_PHYSMEM_BITS which requires hypervisor support for:
1. huge TCE tables;
2. multilevel TCE tables;
3. huge IOMMU pages.

Certain hypervisors cannot do either so the only option left is
restricting the huge DMA window to include only RAM and fallback to
the default DMA window for persistent memory.

This defines arch_dma_map_direct/etc to allow generic DMA code perform
additional checks on whether direct DMA is still possible.

This checks if the system has persistent memory. If it does not,
the DMA bypass mode is selected, i.e.
* dev->bus_dma_limit = 0
* dev->dma_ops_bypass = true <- this avoid calling dma_ops for mapping.

If there is such memory, this creates identity mapping only for RAM and
sets the dev->bus_dma_limit to let the generic code decide whether to
call into the direct DMA or the indirect DMA ops.

This should not change the existing behaviour when no persistent memory
as dev->dma_ops_bypass is expected to be set.

Signed-off-by: Alexey Kardashevskiy <aik@ozlabs.ru>
---
Changes:
v4:
* fixed leaked device_node
* wrapped long lines
---
 arch/powerpc/kernel/dma-iommu.c        | 73 +++++++++++++++++++++++++-
 arch/powerpc/platforms/pseries/iommu.c | 51 ++++++++++++++----
 arch/powerpc/Kconfig                   |  1 +
 3 files changed, 113 insertions(+), 12 deletions(-)

diff --git a/arch/powerpc/kernel/dma-iommu.c b/arch/powerpc/kernel/dma-iommu.c
index a1c744194018..e5e9e5e3e3ca 100644
--- a/arch/powerpc/kernel/dma-iommu.c
+++ b/arch/powerpc/kernel/dma-iommu.c
@@ -10,6 +10,65 @@
 #include <linux/pci.h>
 #include <asm/iommu.h>
 
+#define can_map_direct(dev, addr) \
+	((dev)->bus_dma_limit >= phys_to_dma((dev), (addr)))
+
+bool arch_dma_map_page_direct(struct device *dev, phys_addr_t addr)
+{
+	if (likely(!dev->bus_dma_limit))
+		return false;
+
+	return can_map_direct(dev, addr);
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(arch_dma_map_page_direct);
+
+#define is_direct_handle(dev, h) ((h) >= (dev)->archdata.dma_offset)
+
+bool arch_dma_unmap_page_direct(struct device *dev, dma_addr_t dma_handle)
+{
+	if (likely(!dev->bus_dma_limit))
+		return false;
+
+	return is_direct_handle(dev, dma_handle);
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(arch_dma_unmap_page_direct);
+
+bool arch_dma_map_sg_direct(struct device *dev, struct scatterlist *sg,
+			    int nents)
+{
+	struct scatterlist *s;
+	int i;
+
+	if (likely(!dev->bus_dma_limit))
+		return false;
+
+	for_each_sg(sg, s, nents, i) {
+		if (!can_map_direct(dev, sg_phys(s) + s->offset + s->length))
+			return false;
+	}
+
+	return true;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(arch_dma_map_sg_direct);
+
+bool arch_dma_unmap_sg_direct(struct device *dev, struct scatterlist *sg,
+			      int nents)
+{
+	struct scatterlist *s;
+	int i;
+
+	if (likely(!dev->bus_dma_limit))
+		return false;
+
+	for_each_sg(sg, s, nents, i) {
+		if (!is_direct_handle(dev, s->dma_address + s->length))
+			return false;
+	}
+
+	return true;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(arch_dma_unmap_sg_direct);
+
 /*
  * Generic iommu implementation
  */
@@ -90,8 +149,18 @@ int dma_iommu_dma_supported(struct device *dev, u64 mask)
 	struct iommu_table *tbl = get_iommu_table_base(dev);
 
 	if (dev_is_pci(dev) && dma_iommu_bypass_supported(dev, mask)) {
-		dev->dma_ops_bypass = true;
-		dev_dbg(dev, "iommu: 64-bit OK, using fixed ops\n");
+		/*
+		 * dma_iommu_bypass_supported() sets dma_max when there is
+		 * 1:1 mapping but it is somehow limited.
+		 * ibm,pmemory is one example.
+		 */
+		dev->dma_ops_bypass = dev->bus_dma_limit == 0;
+		if (!dev->dma_ops_bypass)
+			dev_warn(dev,
+				 "iommu: 64-bit OK but direct DMA is limited by %llx\n",
+				 dev->bus_dma_limit);
+		else
+			dev_dbg(dev, "iommu: 64-bit OK, using fixed ops\n");
 		return 1;
 	}
 
diff --git a/arch/powerpc/platforms/pseries/iommu.c b/arch/powerpc/platforms/pseries/iommu.c
index e4198700ed1a..9fc5217f0c8e 100644
--- a/arch/powerpc/platforms/pseries/iommu.c
+++ b/arch/powerpc/platforms/pseries/iommu.c
@@ -839,7 +839,7 @@ static void remove_ddw(struct device_node *np, bool remove_prop)
 			np, ret);
 }
 
-static u64 find_existing_ddw(struct device_node *pdn)
+static u64 find_existing_ddw(struct device_node *pdn, int *window_shift)
 {
 	struct direct_window *window;
 	const struct dynamic_dma_window_prop *direct64;
@@ -851,6 +851,7 @@ static u64 find_existing_ddw(struct device_node *pdn)
 		if (window->device == pdn) {
 			direct64 = window->prop;
 			dma_addr = be64_to_cpu(direct64->dma_base);
+			*window_shift = be32_to_cpu(direct64->window_shift);
 			break;
 		}
 	}
@@ -1111,11 +1112,12 @@ static void reset_dma_window(struct pci_dev *dev, struct device_node *par_dn)
  */
 static u64 enable_ddw(struct pci_dev *dev, struct device_node *pdn)
 {
-	int len, ret;
+	int len = 0, ret;
+	int max_ram_len = order_base_2(ddw_memory_hotplug_max());
 	struct ddw_query_response query;
 	struct ddw_create_response create;
 	int page_shift;
-	u64 dma_addr, max_addr;
+	u64 dma_addr;
 	struct device_node *dn;
 	u32 ddw_avail[DDW_APPLICABLE_SIZE];
 	struct direct_window *window;
@@ -1123,10 +1125,15 @@ static u64 enable_ddw(struct pci_dev *dev, struct device_node *pdn)
 	struct dynamic_dma_window_prop *ddwprop;
 	struct failed_ddw_pdn *fpdn;
 	bool default_win_removed = false;
+	bool pmem_present;
+
+	dn = of_find_node_by_type(NULL, "ibm,pmemory");
+	pmem_present = dn != NULL;
+	of_node_put(dn);
 
 	mutex_lock(&direct_window_init_mutex);
 
-	dma_addr = find_existing_ddw(pdn);
+	dma_addr = find_existing_ddw(pdn, &len);
 	if (dma_addr != 0)
 		goto out_unlock;
 
@@ -1212,14 +1219,29 @@ static u64 enable_ddw(struct pci_dev *dev, struct device_node *pdn)
 	}
 	/* verify the window * number of ptes will map the partition */
 	/* check largest block * page size > max memory hotplug addr */
-	max_addr = ddw_memory_hotplug_max();
-	if (query.largest_available_block < (max_addr >> page_shift)) {
-		dev_dbg(&dev->dev, "can't map partition max 0x%llx with %llu "
-			  "%llu-sized pages\n", max_addr,  query.largest_available_block,
-			  1ULL << page_shift);
+	/*
+	 * The "ibm,pmemory" can appear anywhere in the address space.
+	 * Assuming it is still backed by page structs, try MAX_PHYSMEM_BITS
+	 * for the upper limit and fallback to max RAM otherwise but this
+	 * disables device::dma_ops_bypass.
+	 */
+	len = max_ram_len;
+	if (pmem_present) {
+		if (query.largest_available_block >=
+		    (1ULL << (MAX_PHYSMEM_BITS - page_shift)))
+			len = MAX_PHYSMEM_BITS - page_shift;
+		else
+			dev_info(&dev->dev, "Skipping ibm,pmemory");
+	}
+
+	if (query.largest_available_block < (1ULL << (len - page_shift))) {
+		dev_dbg(&dev->dev,
+			"can't map partition max 0x%llx with %llu %llu-sized pages\n",
+			1ULL << len,
+			query.largest_available_block,
+			1ULL << page_shift);
 		goto out_failed;
 	}
-	len = order_base_2(max_addr);
 	win64 = kzalloc(sizeof(struct property), GFP_KERNEL);
 	if (!win64) {
 		dev_info(&dev->dev,
@@ -1299,6 +1321,15 @@ static u64 enable_ddw(struct pci_dev *dev, struct device_node *pdn)
 
 out_unlock:
 	mutex_unlock(&direct_window_init_mutex);
+
+	/*
+	 * If we have persistent memory and the window size is only as big
+	 * as RAM, then we failed to create a window to cover persistent
+	 * memory and need to set the DMA limit.
+	 */
+	if (pmem_present && dma_addr && (len == max_ram_len))
+		dev->dev.bus_dma_limit = dma_addr + (1ULL << len);
+
 	return dma_addr;
 }
 
diff --git a/arch/powerpc/Kconfig b/arch/powerpc/Kconfig
index e9f13fe08492..b2d4580acf79 100644
--- a/arch/powerpc/Kconfig
+++ b/arch/powerpc/Kconfig
@@ -159,6 +159,7 @@ config PPC
 	select DCACHE_WORD_ACCESS		if PPC64 && CPU_LITTLE_ENDIAN
 	select DMA_OPS				if PPC64
 	select DMA_OPS_BYPASS			if PPC64
+	select ARCH_HAS_DMA_MAP_DIRECT 		if PPC64 && PPC_PSERIES
 	select DYNAMIC_FTRACE			if FUNCTION_TRACER
 	select EDAC_ATOMIC_SCRUB
 	select EDAC_SUPPORT
-- 
2.17.1

Re: [PATCH kernel v4 2/2] powerpc/dma: Fallback to dma_ops when persistent memory present

[Michael Ellerman]

Alexey Kardashevskiy <aik@ozlabs.ru> writes:
> So far we have been using huge DMA windows to map all the RAM available.
> The RAM is normally mapped to the VM address space contiguously, and
> there is always a reasonable upper limit for possible future hot plugged
> RAM which makes it easy to map all RAM via IOMMU.
>
> Now there is persistent memory ("ibm,pmemory" in the FDT) which (unlike
> normal RAM) can map anywhere in the VM space beyond the maximum RAM size
> and since it can be used for DMA, it requires extending the huge window
> up to MAX_PHYSMEM_BITS which requires hypervisor support for:
> 1. huge TCE tables;
> 2. multilevel TCE tables;
> 3. huge IOMMU pages.
>
> Certain hypervisors cannot do either so the only option left is
> restricting the huge DMA window to include only RAM and fallback to
> the default DMA window for persistent memory.
>
> This defines arch_dma_map_direct/etc to allow generic DMA code perform
> additional checks on whether direct DMA is still possible.
>
> This checks if the system has persistent memory. If it does not,
> the DMA bypass mode is selected, i.e.
> * dev->bus_dma_limit = 0
> * dev->dma_ops_bypass = true <- this avoid calling dma_ops for mapping.
>
> If there is such memory, this creates identity mapping only for RAM and
> sets the dev->bus_dma_limit to let the generic code decide whether to
> call into the direct DMA or the indirect DMA ops.
>
> This should not change the existing behaviour when no persistent memory
> as dev->dma_ops_bypass is expected to be set.
>
> Signed-off-by: Alexey Kardashevskiy <aik@ozlabs.ru>

Acked-by: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>

cheers

Re: [PATCH kernel v4 2/2] powerpc/dma: Fallback to dma_ops when persistent memory present

[Christoph Hellwig]

On Thu, Oct 29, 2020 at 12:52:41PM +1100, Alexey Kardashevskiy wrote:
> +EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(arch_dma_map_page_direct);

I've dropped the unused exports and applied the series to dma-mapping-for-next.